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https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis WAR LAWN POLICIRS BOARD COMPITTF74 Central Recruiting A Staniardization of Wages anti Conditions of Living B CentralIzation cf Iniustrial Statistic. Government Contract Clauses Affecting Ind. Rel. Ihmemption of Skilled Laborers las Badges Right Hour Statutes Dilution and Training it Conditions of Livimg Fixing Retail Prices Inforosmsat of atilt* Labor Laws in Work Done on Govenisent Contracts Relation of Viiitary to Iniustrial Mn Po-er Proposed AtIPOUNCISMEtnill Of U. S. Imployment Service 0 To Draft Legislation on Workmen's Compensation for Viar Work Spada Committee on Detailing of Soldiers to Private Factory Works hems la Industry Service https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 8 https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis WISCFLLANItaUS CCWTINTS WAR LABOR FOLICIRS BOARD Memorandum for discus on at the Joint Mileting of Ranreeentatives of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States and the War Labor Policies Board. 1 Women in Industry—Exhibits Bill proposed by the Bureau of Industrial Rousing and Transportation. 3 Names and Adlresses of State Labor Officials 4 Resolution Submitted by Comm. appointed to consider the reco"mendations of Mr. Clyde King of the Federal Food Administration of Pennsylvania concerning the Problem of Distribugon. 5 List of StatisUcs regarding State Insrectors 6 Proposed cooperative effort in the training of Farm workers WAR LAB' P 111LICIPS BOARD . rOMMITTITS Central Recruiting • A Stantardization of 'a,ges and Conditions of Living Centralization of Inlustrial Statistics Government Contract Clauses Affecting Ind. Rel. Exaaption of Skilled Laborers War Badges Ei.stit Hour Statutes Dilution and Training Conditions of Living Fixin.4 Retail Prices Enforcement of State Labor Laws in Work Done on Government Contracts Relation of Mi-itary to InAustrial Mn Pu.er Proposed AnnounceiLents of U. S. Etployment Service To Draft Legislation on Workmen's Compensation for War Work Special °cm/Atte° on Detailing of Soldiers to Private Factory Works Won in Inilistry Service https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 0 https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis MISOTLLANFOUS CONTENTS WAR LABOR POLICI7S BOARD Memorandum for discusi on at the Joint liletinv. of Renresentativas of the Chamber of CoLlthierce of the United States and the War Labor Policies Board. 1 Woman in Industry—Exhibits Bill proposed by the Bureau of Industrial Rousing and Transportation. 3 Names and Addresses of State Labor Officials 4 Resolution Submitted by Coin. apnointed to consider the reco,mendations of Mr. Clyde King of the Federal Food Administration of Pennsylvania concerning the Problem of Distribution. 5 List of Statis:ics regarding State Insnectors 6 Proposed cooperative effort in the training of Farm morkers 7 WAR LABOP nOLICITS BOARD Meeting of NWT 29 1918. ( for correction) MINUTES Mr. Mr. Mr. Mr. Mr. Mr. Dr. Mr. Mr. Present: Felix Frankfurter, Chairman G. I. Christie Howard Coonley Robert Bass Stanley King Hugh Frayne L. C. Marshall Herbert F. Perkins Max Lowenthal, Secretary pro tem. It was the sense of the Board: to hold a meeting on Friday of every week at 10 A. M.; that notice of all matters to be taken up be, so fax as posAble, sent to the Secretary of the Board by Mansday preceding the meeting; that the procedure of the Board should be that miniltes of meetings be sent to the members for cor- informal; rection; that each member chose an alternate to represent him when he is u'llble to attend mletings. Committees were appointed as follows: 1. After discussion, the following motion, made by Mr. King and seconded by Mr. Coonley, was carried: A committee to be known as the Committee on Central Recruiting shall be anpointed and shall report by Thumsday, June 6th, a plan for central recruiting. The committee shall consist of six members one to be designated by each of the following the Chairman of the Board De,-ertment of Agriculture, Emergency Fleet Cor!7oration, Navy Department, War Department and War Industries Boards. II. After discussion, the following motion, made by Mi. King and seconded by Mr. Bass, was carried: https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -2- A committee to be kno,Nn as the Committee on Standardization of Wages and Conditions of Work shall be appointed to draft and report a plan for the stanlardization ' of wages and working conditions to the extent to which this is practicable. Each member of the Policies Board shall designate a person to serve on this committee. III. After discussion, the following motion was carried: A committee to be known as the Committee on Centralization on Iniustrial Statistics shall be appointed to trart and report a plan for collating the information already in the possession of Government Departments and for centralizing the collection and utilization of iniustrial statistics. Each member of the Policies Board shall lesignate (me person to serve on this committee. The committee shall retort at the next meeting of the Board on June 7th. IV. After discussion, the following motion was agreed to: The Chairman of the Policies Board shall designate a person to direct an inquiry, Arlich shall be known as the Inquiry on Government Contract Clauses Affecting Industrial Belations and which shall ascertain the provisions which have at any time heretofore been incorporated in Government contracts, their operation, and the extent to which provisions of this general kind should be included in Government contracts and the nature of such provisions. Ile siAl be assisted in this inquiry by representatives selected by members of the Board reoresenting Production Departments. V. carried: https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis After discussion, the following motion by Ur. King, was A. committee to be known as the Committee on Exemption of Skilled Laborers shall be ampointed, to consist of five members, one to be lesignat3d by each of the following: the Chairman of the Board, the Emerency Fleet Corporation, the Navy repartment; and two by the War Department, one repreGenting the department's vroduction activities, flnd one representing its army activities. This committee shall be a Stanling Committee to D&SS upon the withdrawals of skilled laborers from the ArLiy or from the oparatin of the Selective Service Act for hssi6nment to.xork for the Gov -umment Droductin Perartment6, an,1 to determine tie allotment of such skilled lc,berers among the Production Lepartm?ntc.. Ref.orts of Commito 3s: Mr. Frayne marle a preliminary report for the ColuDittee on War Badges. A motion was carried to continue the Corbmitlde and to receive its final report at the next meeting. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Meeting aljaurned to Friday, Jrne 7th, at 10 1. Max Lowenthal, Secretary, pro tem. WAR LAB( POLICITS BOAPD Meeting of June 7th1 1918 - 10 AM MINTITFS Present: Mr. Frankfurter, Chairman Mr. 747er1y, Agricultural Departn,ent Mi. Conley, 2mergency Fleet Corporation Mr. Neal, Fuel Administration ecrotary Roosevelt, Navy Departwent Mr. Bass, Shipping Board Mr. Hopkins, War Department Mr. wYltin„ "Jar InAustries Board 11.r. Marshall Mr. Perkins Mi. Chenery Mr. Lownethal, Secretary pro tern After discussion of the plans submitted by the Comudttee on Central Recruiting, the attached resolution on the subject, on the motion of Mr. Coonley, was adopted; Mr. WhWn was noted as not voting, but not opposing. After discussion, the following motion by Mr. Coonley, seconAed by Mr. Bass, was carried: That the Chairman arpo!nt a comvdttee of three to supervise the carrying out of the plan on central 1.ecruiting recommended by the Committee and included in the rreceding resolutions. The suggested forms for use by departments and boards represented on the Policies Board were approved, with the addition that the legal staffs of the Navy and War Departments consider the effect of the Civil Service requirements in those depaetmerits. Forms are herewith attached. It was agreed that their request, in the name of the Policies Board, be male for a -residential proclamation initiating the central recruiting 7aan. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -2- II - The motion carried to appoint a committee to consider whether an industrial survey is advisable, and if so, the methods of conducting such a survey and to -preport thereon to the Board. The chairman appointed Mr. Hopkins, Mr. Marshall and Secretary Roosevelt to serve on this committee. III. - After discussion of the report by the Committee on War Badges, the matter WEIS referred back to the Committee a.nd Mr. Marshall and. Mr. P-rkins were added to its mAmbership ancl requested. to transmit to the Committee the views of the Policies Board. IV - After discussion, the following motion by Mr. Coonley was carried: Th-,t on all matters taken up by the War Labor Policies Board or any of its conucittees, -oublicity shall issue only through the chairman of the Board. V - After discussion, the following motion by Mr. Hopkins was carried: That a coranittee be appointed to consider the entire field of the interpretation and application of the statutes and procit,mations dealing with hours of work and over-time pay, and to submit a report thereon before June 16th, that the committee should be made up of three members, one ap-pointed by each cf the followina. - Emergency Fleet Corporation, Navy Department and War Department. '71 - After discussion, the following motion by Mr. Hoplrins was carried: Adjustments, such as the Bridgeport and New York wage adjustrn,.2-it, made by any departments pending the organization by the Policies Board of the necessary nachinery to handle the general problem of adjust https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -3- manta, while not made by the Board, are not to be deemed disapproved by it. VII - After discussion, the chairman, speaking for the Board, said that he would request the Committee on Standardization of Wages to submit a report on the In,a6es of unskilled labor no later than Thursday, June 11th. VIII - Mr. Bass requested that the secretary d the Board send to each member of the Board the names of the r,ersons on each committee of the Board and a statement of the functions of each committee. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Meeting adjourned. Max Lowenthal, Secretary pro tam. DROPOSrP PFPOLTITI1N BY TETv TAR LABnP POLICIFS BOARD WH7R7JAS the efficient rrosecution of the war requires that all war industries be suplied promptly and adequately with comptent workers, and WF717AS, in order to meet the -present demands for labor, both skilled and unskilled, in war work, to insure that future requirements be filled without delay, to eliminate orompetitive iroads by one war industry upon the labor of another, to reduce turn-over, and to equalize so far as possible the drain of labor from employers engaged in tas.&s less essential in time of war, it has come to be recognized by the industries of the country that it is necessary to centralize all labor recruiting activities in one responsible department of the Federal Government: IT IS F7P7BY R7SOLIT71): 1. All rdbruiting of industrial labor for public or private work connected with the war shall be conducted through or in accordance with methods authorized by the U. S. Ftployment Service. The present work- ing agreement .between the Departments of Labor and Agriculture relating to recruiting of farm labor shall not be affected hereby. 2. The full po,Afer of the Government shall be exercised through such agency to supply all the labor requirements of war industry and by means of volunteer recruitment to transfer men to such extent as may be necessary from non-war work to oiar work. 3. This program shall be put into effect gradually, by first ap- plying it, beginning with July 15, 1918, to unskilled labor, and t}- ereafter as rapidly as possible to skilled labor. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis At the outset general authorization may be given (a) for hiring unskilled labor without solicitation (b) for recruiting labor for railroads, farms and nonwar work and generally by employers Whose full working force Nfl not, with the addition of the labor recruited, exceed one hundred and (c) for recruiting skilled labor. Such authorization by the U. S. EMploy- ment Service sYil be given under regulations, to be approved by the War Labor Policies Board, calculated to prevent the taking of man needed in other war industries or on the farms. 4. Ail Government Departments and faiivate employers engaged in war work should furnish to the U. S. Tbnloyment Service a comtlete statement of their needs for unskilled labor and make such sutplementary reports as may be requested of them. renresentei on All the Government Denartn.ents he War Labor Policies Board should assist irirevery way in securing such information. 5. An immediate campaign to secure the unskilled labor needed in Nar work sha.L1 be made by the U. S. Emnloyment Service. Recruiting for such purposes in each state shall be limited to quotas of the total demand, calculated on the basis of principles to be recomi,ended by the U. S. Employment Service and anproved by the War Labor Policies Boards All recruiting shall be conducted so that withdrawals from non-war industries shall be distributed as equitably as is practicable. 6. Distribution of the workers recruited shall aim at transfers for the shortest 1)ossible distances, and at the utilization of local supply so far as possible to meet local war needs. 7. For the purpose of equalizing the strain of transfers and adjustments of labor within local industrial communities, the U. S. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Service shall encourage the formatior, under its guidance, of comuunity boards, upon whichthere shall be an equal re7.resentation of labor and of management and shall cooperate fully with such boards in securing local quotas. R. The War Labor Policies Board shall apoint a committee on labor priorities to direct the U. S. 7mployment Service as to the questions which may arise when the available supplies of any kind of labor are inadequate to meet the inImediate demands; such committee shall in general follow the priorities determined by the War Industries Board. 9. The primary effort to enforce the foregoing trogram shall be through public presentation of the need of compliance with it as a . /ar necessity. The full authority of the Derartments of the Gov- ernment represented on the War Labor Policies Board, including the power to cut off supplies, should be exercised as far as necessary. The United States Tmployment Service shall provide all the requisite machinery for the continuous enforcement of the foregoing program, and the prompt report of any interferences therewith. A Committee of the War Labor Policiss Board shall be appointed with authority to investigate reports of failure to comply with such program, and to recommend ar,uropriate action by the proper Department of the Government. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis TO TH7 WAR LfiBOR POLICI7S BOARD: A plan ilas been presented to your Committee on Central Recruiting providing a machinery for a survey of industries by communities for the purpose of bas-iug the ultilLate allocations of quotas on accurate data. Your Committee is of the opinion that such a survey will hrme to be male in the not remote future. We believe that when it is made, such a survey should be based on authority sufficient to insure its accuracy and comuleteness. Such results cannot be obtained in tIme to be useful in reuruiting for .nresent needs. We feel ti'et a method for computing quotas can be devised which while necessarily based to a considerable extent on rough estimates of existing local conditions by well informed men, will nevertheless be sufficiently accurate to insure fairness; and that the country will accept such quotas with little, if any, reluctance. Such Quotas do not represent so much a draft which is to be made on states, as an effort, to nrotect certain states from the unfair drain to which they are now subjected. On the other hand, if such a survey should he made in a way sufficiently expeditious to be of 1:resent assistnce, it would have to be by a method so crude and incomplete as to be a probable cause for criticism and discontent. rTle, therefore, unanimously recommend that no attempt to make such a survey be included in the present program for labor recruiting. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis COI rfl TIT -r CY!TTRAL RnpuTTING. rhairman 1 SUGGEST M FORM OF OR= BY HEADS 0F DEPARTI.:ENTS 11.1.2.2.E32ID ON THE W;A.R L3O POLICIES BO,;,1/D (This should be submitted to the Department's legal staff for changes necessitated by any outstanding contracts, or by civil service requirements by the War and Navy Departments; changes to be male upon consultation with the Department's representative on the Central Recruiting Committee of the War L3.bor Policies Board.) 1. Enclosed you V: ill find a copy of resolutions alopted by the Wza. Labor Policies Board. the 2. Instructions should be issued to all officers having to do v. ith cts with ememployment of labor and in charge of the enforcement of contra and to cooperate ployers of labor, to act in accordance v.ith such resolutions, to the extent of their power in securing their effective enforcement. 3. Each bureau should send at once to every employer of labor having a ment throuji such contract for construction or production with the depart m blank form of bureau a copy of the resolutions and three copies of a unifor request by the U. S. order for unskilled labor to be furnished to you on your Employment Service. m notice stating 4. Each bureau should send with these papers a unifor the resolutions of the War that this Department requests compliance with the form of order for unskilled Labor Policies Board, and requesting that forwarded according to the instructions labor be immediately filled out and printed thereon. 5. to any employer known Such letter and enclosures nsed not be sent in the judgment of the bureau the to be employing less than 100 men, unless cared for in the program of the U. S. labor reeds of .such employer should be 1)111)1oz/ran:it Service. 6. blanks are sent should be Lists of persons to whom notices and Service. furnished at once to the U. S. Employment 7. LTeatost possible expedition The labor situation is such that the ctors is necessary. in sending out such communications to contra https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis SUGGEST:L.) 02 13Y ON THE 71.ii.11 .-w:$4301i POLICIL'S RESOLITIM, that the Boaid. rill exercise its povers to assist in making effective the attached resolutions of t},e War Labor Policies Board. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis LABOR POLICIES BOARD Meetini); of June 14, 1918. M I N T Frankfurter, Chairman • • • • . .itgricultural Department .... • Ilnerjancy Fleet Corporation Coonley . Food Administration • • • • . Mr. Hammond • • • . • Fuel Administration ,Vhite • • • . • Navy Department He Shipping Board Mr. Gregg Department War . • • • • Mr. King mr. Frayne War Industries Board Mr. Marshall Col. Alexander Major Gitchell Mr. Chenery Lowenthal, Secretary pro tern. Presents Mr. gyerly 1 - Report of the Committee on Standardization, dealing with the wages of unskilled labor. . Mr. Frayne explained that the minority report was written agreed that the without his having read the majority report, and that he been incorporated in view expressed in the so-called minority report had the majority report. Motion by Mr. Marshall, amended by Mr. King, carried in the following farm: received That the report of the Committee on Standardization be elni industrial management throuji and discussed with represaltatives of labor a committee selected by the Chairman. 11 - Report of the committee on Industrial Survey. This report as agreed to with the addition that Its recommend- tee authorized at the ix evious meetation be carried out through the commit central recruiting. ing to supervise the carrying out of the plan on that the 111 - On the suggestion of Mr. Frayne, it was agreed Labor Policies Boards various departments and boards represented on the War https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis - 2should take the necessary steps by orders and resolutions to riake effective the centralized recruiting plan adopted at the previous meeting. IV - The Chairman cz.3.11ed to the attention of the Board communications urging adoption of proper plans dealing with community service in industrial centers and with housing. It vas agreed that the Chairman should appoint a standing ccrnmittee, prefera,bly of three, to supervise all matters of this nature and to be knov:n as the Committee on Conditions of Living. V - The Chairman read a, letter from the Department of Justice urging thz.tt someone be appointed to take charge of the employment of non, danc;:zous German and Austrian u orkmen Th.o had been discharged or otherwise thrown out of work, airl. also to provide methods for the employment of German seamen now interned. On the sugestion of Lir. Frayne i t v; 3,S agreed that someone should be amminted to be attached to the U. S. Etnployment Service to take charge of the employment of the fir st group mentioned in the Attorney General's letter, and that a proper statement of the subject should be issued to the public in accordance with the views expressed in the Attorney Creneralts letter, and that the surveillance a.spect should remain as at present in the hands of the Department of Justice and a liason established with the department in connection with the employment of aliens as above provided. VI - On motion by Mr. Coonley, second.ed by Mr. Hoce, a. resolution to keep in statu quo industrial relations on v.hich the Policies ,Bo.ard is cont emplat ing ac tion vas al https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis ted Meeting adjourned. 1.1a-Y Lowenthal Secretary pro tem. - 3- WHEREAS the 1,7ar Labor Policies Board la as apiminted to establish harmony in those industrial matters, on which the Governmental Departments were agreed that there should be unity of action and WIIME.13 the War Labor Policies Board has now wider advisement methods of standardizing wages, hours and conditions of Labor in establishments enga-ed on war work and is now with that dispatch ccmpatible with the importance of the interests involved conferring on war labor policies with representatives of organized labor, of industrial management and of govca.nmental departments, and other agencies reTIIEBEfORE 3E IT RESOLVED that the War Labor Policies Board urgently quests the departments and boards represented to refrain from making changes pending the standardization now wider consideration. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis WAR LABOR POLICIES _BOARD LIeetinf; of June 21, 1918 at 10 A. Li. LI I N U_ T E S Present : Mr. LLr. Mr. Mr. Mr. mr. Frankfurter, Chairman Bass • • • • • • United States Shipping Board Agriculture Department Christie Ibergency Fleet Corporation Coonley Food Administration Hammond Navy Department Howe War Department King Mr. Fuel Ldministration Mr. Neal Tyler Railroad thninistrati on Mr. Marshall Dr. are rgency Fleet Corporation Hopkins Mr. Mr. Perkins Chore ry Mr. Major Gitchell Major Rogers .Bell Mr. ',menthol, Secretary pro tern Mr. I - ilfter discussion, a motion for the adoption of the attached resolution on the subject of standardization vas carried. II - Major Gitchell, Chairman of the Committee on Centralization of Industrial Statistics, submitted the report of tho Committee. He stated that the vork should be placed in the hands of one man or a small group, much smaller than the committee vvhic'h adopted the report. Mr. King moved and Mr. He seconded that the committee's report be received, that the Chairman of the Board confer vith Mr. Gay, Mr. Meeker, and such others as he may desire, and report to the Board at its next rreetine. III - Mr. Perkins reported prog.ess by the Committee on Eijit Hour Statutes, and on Contract Clauses affecting Industrial Relations. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Chairman reported that further action looking to - 2IV - 1.1r. King moved and Mr. H e seconded that the Chairman appoint a small ccrnmittee, with Mr. liz.Irshall as Chairman, on Dilution and Training. V - Mr. Perkins reported the conference of the Chairman of the Policies Board and Mr. Perkins with the National Industrial Conference Board on June 20 in Nev York; that a friendly and cordial expression of cooperation with the Policies Board vas extended. The Chairman added that the National Industrial Conference Board voted support of the Policies Board's Plan for central recruiting and. of th e r eque sts for the neoe ssary fund s the refor. VI - The Chairman reported a conference vi th Senat or King, looking to the discontinuance of Senator King's efforts in support of his bill to centralize all recruiting immediately in the U. S. Employment Service. 2inally, the Chairman stated that he had requested Mr. Croxton to undertake the vork of constructing the necessary local machinery for recruiting. VII - Mr. Coonley strjested the importance of careful consideration of (I) local administration of general policies bearing on stand ardizati on (2) priorities, and (3) return in relation to output. F.e urged the advisability of short discussion of these subjects at the Board meetings, pending reports by committee. Mr. Bass and Mr. I:oze discussed the need of adequate classification of trades, in connection with 'age standardization. Cenoral discussion of the reduction in output and its claimed relation to increase in wages, and of the reed for the collection of https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis - 3data on the subject followed. After discussion, a motion by Kr. Coonley was carried, to have the Chairman Tr°'int a committee to ascertain the facts, c cuirrion to all departments, on the relation of output to the change in as and in rrethod of payment. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Meeting adjourned Lax Lox enthal Secretary pro tem. June 21, 1918. RE:.,10LUTION OF TIT 7.72,11 1.4.0011 POLICIES .302;11) 711M1LEAS: the recent uncoordinated activities of government contractors in the matter of hiring labor for rar industry have resulted in carrAtitive bidding by one contractor against another for the available labor at any scale deemed expedient for the occasion which has resulted in producing restlessness and wasteful movement of labor from one war indus try to another; and WHEREAS: it is absolutely essential to the stabilization of in, dus try throughout the United States that all was s for both skilled and. unskilled labor engaged in war work be standardized; THEREFOE BE IT 7.2SOLVED: that wages paid and Catatrastcrs engaged in van' work should Government Departments e stabilized by this Board, that the Committee on Starriardization is hereby instructed to 1,roceed with its work with all ossible expedition, and that, as soon as such of standardized scales are established, the full influence and authority be exall Departments of the Government represented on this Board will ercised to maintain them. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Felix Frankfurter ltobert P. Bass Stanley King G. I. Christie M. 3. Hammond Hugh Frayne Louis LIcE. Howe W. '2. Tyler Hard Cocrnley James B. Neale Chairman, War Labor Policies Board Shipping Board Representative War Dept. liss't. to Secretary of War Departnent of ilgriculture Representative, U.S. Food Administration War Industries Board (by F.F.) Ass't. to .L'isstt. Secy. of Navy Asstt. Director Div. of Operation, R. R. .ildrnini strati on Representative, U.S. Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation U. S. Fuel Administration 7'.L1 L.LB0:1 POLICILIS Leetin of June 28th, 1918,. MINUTES Present: Mr. Frankfurter Mr. Christie Mr. Curtis Mr. Ehrman Mr. Frwne Mr. Hammond Mr. King Mr. Marsl-All Mr. Perkins Adie Chenery Mr. Mr. Lorenthal Mr. Bell, Secretary I - The vritten reDort of the Committee on the Eight Hour Statutes, previous3z, sent to members of the Board, vas presented by the chairman of the committee, Mr. Perkins. It vas moved by Mr. King and seconded by /.7.r. Marshall that the report of the committee be received. and aioproved; that the committee be continu9d to develop the nessary administrative machinery for carrying out the uniform interpretation recommended in the committee report; and that the Chairman of the Board select a committee or agency to represent the Board in conference vith rranufocturers with regard to carrying out the committee's recommendation as to the extension of the eight-hour principle vhere feasible and advisable. Motion carried unanimously. II - The attached written report of the Committee on the Standardization of Wages and Conditions of Work as presented by the Chairman of the committee, Mr. Hopkins. It vas moved by 1.1.r. King end seconded by Ur. Fra.yne that the reLort be received and approved and the committee discharged. carried unanimously. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Motion MINUTES - June 28th, 1918. - 2-. III - The attached v.ri tten reports of the Committee on Conditions of Living vere presented by Mr. Larenthal. It was moved by Mr. iitrayne and seconded by Mr. King that the Chairman of the Board be Juthori 7,ed to enter into negotiations vith the proper governmental departments to carry out the general principles of the Committee's report, making such use as possible of the e4uipment and facilities of the Commission on Training Camp activities. Motion carried unaniinously. IV - Mr. Hammond reported progress for the Committee on the 1.cemption of Skilled Laborers. It vas moved by Mr. King and seconded by Mr. frayne that the committee be instructed to report at the next meting a statement of its possible functions in connection vith other departments of the government. :lotion carried unanimously. V - Alt the request of La'. Erayne the Secretary read the proposed resolution of the War Industries Board concerning centralized recruiting of labor, It vas moved by Mr. King and seconded by Ur. Marshall that poz cars to a r es oluti on by the War Indus tries Board for the exercise of its make effective the presidential proclamation regarding centralized recruittic e of ing, and in the meantime to compel irrlus tri es to ce ase the pr ac maliciously or intentionally attracting labor from var industries would adopted be in accord ni th and provide substantial support for the policies by the War Labor Policies Board; and that the Chairman should urge the War Industries Board to pass such a resolution at the earliest possible date and give it full publicity. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Motion carried unanimously. (The LIINUTES - June 28th, 1918. - 3suggested resolution as gRproved by the Chairman is attached.) VI - On motion duly made and seconded, the m3etingvas adjourn, ed at 11:30 A. K. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis George L. Bell Secretary. June 28, 1918. To the J. LABOR POLICIES 30411',1): Your Committee on Conditions of Living makes the following recorrne ni a ti ons on the subject of recreational service in industrial communities: 1 - Recreational service should be provided in new industrial towns in number and in industrial centers having an exceptional war time growth of workers. 2 - This service should be centralized in one agency or unified gr cup of agencies. 3 - A recreational can:mission should be appointed by the chairman of the War Labor Policies Board. On this Commission the chairman should similarly appoint, among others, Mr. Raymond B. Fosdick, or some person nts and reequipped, representative of the Government Production Departme presentative of labor and industrial management at large. jurisdiction 4 - For recreation service in communities within the be advisory to the Bureau of the Housing Bureau, his commission should Manager. and executive under the control of the Housing service should be 5 - The funds necessary for this recreational not obtainable privately preferably public funds, although if the se are raised funds should be used. Possible sources for the necessary monies include the followings opinion discloses (a) From existing appropriations (if legal used for the purpose). that any appropriations already made can be https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis (b) From the President's fluids. ,ness. (c) From Cc, (a) Privately raised funds. — 2 -The raising and expenditme of -the funds should be abject to the control of the Commission above proposed. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Charles Hovland, Chairman. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis June 28, 1918. To the WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD: Your committee on Conditions of Living has organized a committee representing the women workers of the District of Columbia. This committee is now in conference with the officials of the Housing Bureau on the subject of the construction and management of the houses to be provided in the district. Any major points on which the conferees are unable to agree will be brought to the attention of your Committee on the Conditions of Living. Charles P. Boland Chairman. To the WAR LABOh POLIO Ig8 BOARD: Your Committee on Standardization recommends as follows: 1. Wages should be standardized by the 'War Labor'Policies 2. Such standardization should be preceded by conference Board. of representatives of the Mr Labor Policies Board with all parties concerned. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis E. M. I- ropkins Chairman. Board: BE IT RESOLVED By the War Industries policy of central First, that we strongly endorse the Proclamation of President recruiting of labor as announced in the d will use its full powers Wilson of June 18, and that this Boar e the Proclamation of with regard to priority to make effectiv the President. the practice of Second, that we strongly disapprove of y taking labor from wax manufacturers maliciously or intentionall Board will use its full Industries; and that from this date the of priority assistance powers with regard to the withholding of labor. to prohibit such methods of employment on be certified to Third, that a copy of this resoluti to all other governmental agents the War Labor Policies Board and that it be given general employing or dealing with labor, and publicity. June 28, 1918. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis lAR LA.BoR POLICIES BOALLD Meeting of July 5, 1918, at 10 A. M. MINUT1.4 Present: Mr. Frankfurter, Chairman Mr. Ehrman Er. Hammond Yr. Howe Mr. Keefe Er. King Mr. Manning Er. Marshall Maj. Rosensohn Llr. Wilcox Mr. Perkins Mr. Chenery Mr. Lowenthal 1.1r. Bell, SecretL,,ry. I - The Chairman reported that the Secretary of Labor had approved general principles of the report of the Committee on War Badges but t_!lat it had been decided not to asx the President to issue a oroclalation until the plan had proved itself as an experiment. The chairman also announced ti_zit he would continue the committee to act in an advisory capacity in workini; out t e administrative details of the program. II - A report and full recommendations from the Committee on Contract Clauses was submitted by the committee chairman, Major xiosensohn. It was the sense of the meeting that the proposed clause pertaining to the adjustment of labor disputes should be rephrased to omit the compulsory features with respect to payment of increased waLe costs. Moved by Mr. Marshall and seconded by Mr. King that the report of the committee be received and taken up for action at the net Board meeting. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Motion carried unanimously. Minutes, July 5. III - Tne Chairman announced that the Metal Trades Federation is to meet in Washington next week and that he planned to meet with representatives of the Federation to discuss the standardization of wages and hours and that representatives of the Shipbuilding Adjustment Board of the Shipping Board would be asked to attend the conference. IV - Mr. Densmore, director of the U. S. Employment Service, and Major Tully were invited into the meeting to discuss the plans for putting into effect the centralized recruiting of unskilled labor on August 1st. After discussion it was agreed that certain changes should be made in the questionfAire which the Employment Service proposed to send to man,(facturers, and that other detailed changes in the execution of the centralized recruiting plan should be made by the Employment Service in consultation with the Chairman and Dr. Marshall. V - On motion duly moved and seconded the meeting was adjourned at 12:45 P. M. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis George L. Bell, Secretary. ELEPLO OF The existing shortage of labor, aggravated daily by the military and naval demands of the Government which require a greatly increased production of war materials and at the same time the withdrawal from civil occupations of about a cuarter of a million additional recruits each month, necessitated widespread recourse to the labor of women in the United States. In order tbat their services may be fully utilized and their working power conserved, a clearly defined policy is needed which shall determine what kinds of work women should perform, how they should best be introduced, under what conditions they should be employed, and what work should be prohibited. Standards as to hours, nightwork, wages and conditions of labor have already been provided by the Government in orders issued by the Chief of Ordnance and the Quartermaster-General, and in the recommendations Lade by the War Labor Board, which should be observed by all employers. (See Exhibit A.) First. The shortage of labor in essential war industries should be met in part by further introducing women into occupations easily filled by them such as clerical and cashier service and accounting in manufacturing, mercantile and financial establishments and in the offices of transportation companies and other public utilities; as sales clerks and floor walkers in mercantile establishments, including among others department stores, specialty stores, shoe stores, men's furnishing stores, florists' shops, jewelry stores, drug stores, soda water fountains, etc. Second. Women should not be employed to replace men in occu- pations or places of employment clearly u_fit for women owing to physical or moral conditions, as for instance in bar rooms and saloons, in pool rooms, https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis on furnace work in glass works, etc. in or about mines, smelters and quarries, (For legislation, see Exhibit B). In addition, girls under 21 years of age of employment clearly unfit should not be employed in occupations or places the public messenger serfor them awing to their youth, as for instance in on service as elevator vice in street car, elevated and subway transportati operators, as bell boys in hotels and clubs, etc. (For legislation, see Ex- hibit B). Third. 1. or The introduction of women into war industries as the use of industrial into employments involving special hazards such , comfort and safety poisons should be guided by the standards as to health es Board through the Diset up from time to time by the War Labor Polici standards already defined vision of Women in Industry in addition to the ments. by the Federal Government and by state labor depart 2. The introduction of women into new occupations ger service etc. should be guisuch as street railway service, public messen night work, etc. ded by regulations concerning hours of labor, Such, for sion of Wisconsin for instance, as those adopted by the Industrial Commis of New York State for messenstreet railwa,-y. service and by the legislature ger service. war 3. The recruiting of mothers of young children for industries should be discouraged. 4. The introduction of women into positions hithert for unnecessarily displacing to filled by men should not be made a pretex men. Services of the Division of liPmen in Industry should be and the sought by employers to advise on best methods of introducing women, working conditions which should be established. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Fourth. Older men should be more generally employed. stitute a largely unused labor reserve. sidered superannuated at early ages. They con- in the past they have been con- It is estimated that since the mar be- gan, the maximum age of eng_Lging men has advanced ten to twelve years, that is from about thirty-eight to fifty. It has been found that tasks can be graded for these workers according to their strength, and that work unsuitable for women, especially at night, can be performed by them. In many trades their experience is an asset which offsets less physical strength. ductive power of this large class now wasted, can be utilized. Thus the proFor current examples, see Exhibit D). The needs of the country require the united efforts of all classes of workers, in accordance with their capacities; and to maintain the standards and conditions of labor set up by the Government is in the words of President Wilson "indispensable to the nation's full productive efficiency". https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis INDUSTRIAL MEMORANDUM OF THE COMMITTEE APPOINTED TO DRAW CLAUSES AFFECTIIA. RELATIONS TO BE INSERTED In GOVERN1ZNT CONTRACTS, IN THE FORM 1N WHICH IT WAS CONSIDERED AT THE MEETING OF THE WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD OF JULY 12TH. WITH THE CHANGES SUGGESTED AT THE MEETING, AS FOLLOWS: 1. Eight-Hour Day. a. Wherever the provisions of the Executive order of the President, requiring the wages of persons employed upon Government contracts and one-half to be computed upon a basic day rate of eight hours with time for over time, are applicable, a uniform clause shall be usec. This clause shall be in the form hereto annexed. b. This clause makes no reference to the Eight-Hour Law of 1912 which was suspended by the Executive order of March 24, 1917. To insert a reference to tae Eight-Hour Law, as is done in some of the contracts, only of tends to create confusion and in many cases operates to limit the hours work to eight hours in oases where t ere is no statute requiring such limitation. 2. Adjustment of Labor Disputes. a. it is deemed desirable by the Committee that in accordance with War Labor the policy laid down by the President when he created the lAtionai Board, and in order that the principles adopted by the 7ar Labor policies Board, and by the War Conference Board, may be put into effect, every contract contain a "labor disputes clause" whereby the contractor agrees to submit all labor disputes to the head of the department or his representative. b. Such a provision is necessary to protect contractors, who, if directed by any Government agency to pay increased wage, could not otherwise be reimbursed by the Government where the agency directing the increase was of the opinion that justice required the Government to make such reimbursement. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis c. In view of the ruling of the Comptroller that no compensato ry adjustment can be made unless called for by the contr act, the contract should contain a provision reouiring the Government to pay the increase in wages directed by the head of the Department or by his representa tive where the head of the Department is of the opinion that tie inter ests of the Government require that reimbursement be made. d. 3. Annexed hereto is a form of clause providing for labor adjustments. Laintenance of Standards. The Committee has drafted a general clause which is to be inserted in the contract, wdereby every contractor agrees to compl y with the rules and regulations established by the head of the Jepar tment. All such rules and regulations are to be issued in a separate pamph let. 4. Rules and Emulations for Maintenance of Labor Standards. a. Annexed hereto is a tentative list of the labor conditions which are to apply to all contracts. b. Enforcement of rules and regulations gover ning conditions of employment. An administrator of Labor Standards for Army Clothing has been appointed who is enforcing these provisions not only with respect to the manufacture of army clothing but also in the facto ries vilere shirts and other articles manufactured for the Quartermaster Department are made. Similar organizations should be created to enforce these standards in the case of contracts made by other Government Department s. To avoid duplication of work and to centr alize the administration it may be advisable to have one administrator to enforce these provisions for all tne departments involved including the 144r, Navy and Shipping Board. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis istrator should be apoointed by the If such a policy is adopted the Admin .:iar Labor policies Board. issue an order similar to that It is suggested that every Department C. ral Order Ko. 13) and by the Quarteradopted by the Chief of Ordnance (Gene s of these orders are hereto annexed. . alaster General (Circular To. 18) Copie Standard Wages. 5. requires the contractor to The general clause above referred to ed by the head of the department. comply with the rules and regulations adopt right to fix a standard wage scale In the rules and regulations Article III is assured. 6. Control over Employment of Labor. e and by the rules and regulaThis is provided for by the general claus tions. 7. acturers is of the utmost The cooperation of workers and manuf supplies and munitions needed by importance in securing the production of the the Government. on that before orThe Committee is, therefore of the opini ers to include the "labor disputes clause" ders are issued to contracting offic conferences be had with representatives and "Laintenance of standards clause" of workers and employers. 8. 11., labor standards may be Pending such conferences in order that annexed clause (IIIa) be inserted in all maintained it is suggested that the Government contracts. b. requiring contractors to This clause incorporates the provisions ating the employment of minors and prohibcomply with state labor laws, regul . iting the employment of convict labor the principles esThe insertion of this clause is in line with ce, to-wit, that the standards tablished by the Council of National Defen https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis by law shall be maintained. The clause prohibiting the use of convict labor is in accordance with the Executive order of President 11oosevelt, dated 18, 1905, which order is still in force. The provision with respect to the employment of minors incorporates the order of the Secretary of War as well as the provisions contained in the Act of Congress which the aupreme Court recently declared unconstitutional. 9. Before making this report the Committee consulted with the Contracts Committees, which consisted of the representatives of the various branches of the War Department, and modifications of the original recommendations were made as the result of such conferences. I. EIGHT HOUR EIGHT HOU BASIC DAY. cuu4 TILE AND ONE ILA.I,F OVERTBLE: DALAGES FUi VIOLATION. Wages of laborers, operatives and mechanics, doing any part of the work contemplated by this contract, in the employ of the contractor, shall be co:11puted upon a basic day rate of eight hours' work, with overtime rates to be paid for at not less than hours. and one-half for all hours in excess of eight Compliance by the contractor with the pxovisions of this article .shall be of the essence of the contract. ADJUST:I:MT OF hABOR DISPUTES LABOA DISPUTES: In the event that labor disputes shall arise directly affectiug the performance of this contrJ.ct, and causing or likely to cause any delay in making the ueliveries, the (Head of department) may settle or cause to be settled such disputes, and the parties here hereto agree to accede to and comply with all the terms of such settlement. If the contractor is thereby required to pay labor costs higher than those prevailing in the performaiace of this contract immediately prior to such settlement, https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis the (head of departhent) or his special reoresentative, duly au- thorized thereto in writing, in making such settlement and as a part thereof may direct that a fair and just addition to the contract price shall be made therefor, but if such settlement reduces such labor costs to the contractor, the (head of department) or his representative may direct that a fair and just deduction be made frol:, the contract price. NO claim for ad- dition shah. be made unless the increase was ordered in writing by the (head of department) or his duly authorized representative, and such addition to the contract price ,was directed as part of tie settlement. Every decision or determination made wider this article by the (head of de.partment) or his duly authorized representative shall be final and binding upon the parties hereto. Compliance with the provisions of this article shall be of the essence of this contract. LIAINTIZAi CI; uP LAB uli STANDAiiii6 All work performed in parrying out this contract, either by the contractor or on the contractor's premises by a sub-contractor shall ue done in full compliance with the rules and regulations fixing the conditions of employment, which are hereto annexed and made a part of this contract. A breach of any of these rules or regulations shall constitute a substantial breach of this contract. RULES .:1.1:1) REGULATIONS GOVERNING TIT CONDITIOr:3 uF ELIPLOYLEET BY CoNTRACTORS WITH https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis LEPAliTnENT oF THE 1. SANITARY STANDAR4 5- DEPARTMEE T 1. The contractor shall from time to time submit to the (head of department) or his representatives, a statement in writing showing the location of all premises were any part of the work to be performed under this contract is proposed to be carried on, and shall likewise submit a statement in writing showing all proposed changes in the location of premises. 2. The (head of department) or his representative shall be permitted to inspect all such premises and to make reasonable directions with regard thereto and the contractor shall comply with all such directions upon notice thereof. 1IOUIL3 uF 1.4aOR Hours posted. The hours of labor for every hour should be posted. MGES 1. Standard waces and conditions. The contractor asx'ees to comply aith all all rules and regulations which _ay be adopted by this -----(head of department) and all orders and instructions issued by or pursuant (head of department) fixing the to the direction of the said wages of mechanics and laborers employed on the ccutract, including the rate for or limitation of overtime. if during the pendency of this contract a change should be made in the rules and regulations, or orders and instructions shall be issued as aforesaid, whereby the wages are increased above the scale of wages in force at the time of the execution of this contract; the head of the department may, if justice requires it, direct thatthe contractor be reimbursed by the Department to the extent of such increase. If the labor cost is decreased, the head of the department may direct the benefit of such decrease shall accrue to the Department. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -6- rv. EMPLOYMENT OF 14.100 The contractor shall comply with all rules and regulations orders and (head of department) to regulate the instructions adopted by tie methods of securing laborers, mechanics and workers. V. STAL:JARD5 FOR EL:PLOYIZI:T OF -.OMEN 1. State laws and restrictions. All work done in carrying out the con- tract must be performed in full compliance with tLie lawn uf the state, territory or District of Columbia where such labor is performed. 2. The contractor shall comply with all the rules and regulations and orders and instructions of the (head of department) regulating the condition of employmez:t of mmen. VI ATANLARD FOR ELIPLOYIZNT OF MINORS 1. Am... No minor under fourteen years of age shall be employed at any work under any conditions. 2. Hours of labor. No minor between the age of fourteen and sixteen years shall be employed more than eight hours in any one day, more than six days in any one week or before 6 A,11,1. or after 7 P.M. VII lifi3LOM.31,T OF COINICT LABOR The contractor shall not directly or indirectly employ in the performance of this contract any person ul_dergoing sentence of i ,prisonment at hard labor which may have been imposed by a court of any- state, territory or municipality having criminal jurisdiction. (Provided e:i.ecutive orders may later be issued by the President to comply with legislation of ConEress permitting employment of convict labor in certL.in cases) ***********Vnead of department) https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Note--by article--- of the contract with the Government these rules and regulations are made a part of the contract with the Government. A breach of any of these rules and regulations constitutes a breach of such contract. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis WAR LABOE POLICIES BO4RD Iteeting of July 12. 1918, - at 10 A. M. VNUTE Present: Mr. Frankfurter, Chairman Agricultural Department Mr. Christie • . . War Industries Board Mr. Frayne Mr. Hammond • ... Food Administration Mr. Howe ..... . Navy Department Mr. Keefe • • ... Railroad Administration War Department Mr. King Mr. Marshall • .. Emergency Fleet Corporation Mr. Palfrey • ... United States Shipping Board Mr. Perkins Mtss Van Kleeck Mr. Chenery Mr. Lowenthal Yr. Babson Mr. Densmore MY. Bell, Secretary I - Moved by Mr. Marshall and seconded by Mr. Frayne that in the resolution passed by the board on June 21 requesting the departments of the government to refrain from making changes in the wages, hours or conditions of labor while this Board has under advisement the question of standardization of these matters, that after the word "changes" in the last line of the resolution the words "in present standards" be inserted. Motion carried unanimously. It was the understanding of the Board that this change was necessary to make it clear that wages might be changed in the interim provided such increase of wages should not exceed the standard rates fixed by the different departments of the governments. II - Mr. Frayne presented the Resolution passed by the War Industries Board with regard to the withholding of priorities to enfor:e centralized recruiting of labor. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Moved by Mr. King and seconded by Mr. Marshall that the Board should acknowledge the receipt of the resolution passed by the War Industries Board and express its keen appreciation of the action taken. Motion carred unanimously. After discussion, it was agreed that the Chairman of the Board together with Messrs. Frayne and Densmore should meet with the Chairman of the Priorities Division of the war Industries Board to work out tz.e administrative procedure for conducting necessary investigations and bringing about the proper enforcement of the resolution of the Lar industries Board. III - Major Rosensohn was asked in to the meeting to present the amended report of the Contract Clauses Committee, also a proposed added clause requiring that state and local labor laws and regulations be observed in connection with all government work. Moved by Mr. King and seconded by Mr. Frayne that the proposed clause with regard to the observance of state and local laws be adopted and that each department of the government be reolested by the Executive Secretary of the Board to include this clause in all departmental contracts immediately; it being understood that the portion of the clause dealing with convict labor should be changed and made flexible so that it should not interfere with pending legislation on the subject. Motion carried unanimously. Moved by Mr. King and seconded by Mr. Frayne that the balance of the report of the Contract Clauses Committee be received by the Board and that the Chairman be instructed to confer with representatives of manufacturers and labor with regard to the final adoption and approval of the clauses so accepted. Motion carried unanimously. IV - The Chairman announced that he had asked Miss Van Kleeok, newly appointed head of the Women in Industry Division of the Department of Labor, and representative of Tomen on the Policies Board to present the https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -2- basis for action by the Board with regard to the general policies of employing women in war industries. Miss Van Kleeck summarized the main points and general principles of the attached memorandum dealing with the employment of women and stated that sheDalt that there was great need for a public announcement by this Board with regard to the general policies that should guide the employment of women in war industries. It was moved by Mr. Marshall and seconded by Mr. King that the Board adopt the general principles of the memorandum as submitted by miss Van Kleeck; and that publicity should be given to the announcement of these general guiding principles. Motion carried unanimously. With regard to the administrative application of the general principles of employment of women, it was agreed that on page two of the memorandum of Miss Van Kleeck the reference to the War Labor Policies Board should be eliminated and that the Division of Women in Industry should act as the administrative agency. It was also agreed that the Board refer to the Division of Women in Industry for action the concrete cases where the employment of women had been urged in dangerous war industries, and that by this procedure there be developed the necessary administrative machinery. V - The Chairman read a letter from the Attorney-General asking the cooperation of the board in the enforcement of the provisions of the new espionage act dealing with the inciting of labor to commit acts which result in the curtailment of production. It was agreed that this Board should not assume too much detailed administrative work in such a matter and that the Chairman should be instructed to work out with the Attorney-General cooperative-administrative https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis - 3- machinery tc cover this field, but placing the main burden on the Department of Justice. VI - After discussion, the Chairman announced that he would confer at an early date with the Provost Marshall General with regard to the possibility of this Board working out a uniform plan for the classification and examption of labor of draft age and also with regard to the question of modifying the practice of furloughing skilled labor; and that he would report back to the Doard at an early date. VII - Mr. Frayne submitted a specific case where the War Industries Board had withheld priorities to prevent a company from attracting labor away from another industry and asked that the War Labor Policies Board endorse the action of the War Industries Board. There being no objection, the Chairman announced that he would take up the matter with the people affected and notify them that this Board War Industries Board in was in full agreement with the following such procedure. Moved by Mr. Marshall and seconded by Mr. Frayne that it be resolved that it is the understanding of the War Labor Policies Board that the general principles and policies governing the relation of employers and labor adopted by the War Labor Board and approved and pronounced by President Wilson are incorpsrated and embodied as part of the general guiding principles and policies of the War Labor Policies Board; and that the Executive Secretary of the Board be instructed to so notify the V;ar Labor Board. On motion duly made and seconded the meeting was adjourned at 1 F. M. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis George L. Bell, Secretary 4 YRYORANDUM OF THE COMMITTEE APPOINTED TO DRAW CLAUSES AFFECTING INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS TO BE INSERTED IN GOVERNMENT CONTRACTS, IN THE FORM IN WHICH IT WAS CONSIDERED AT THE MEETING OF THE WAR LABOR POLICIES BOAT1D OF JULY 12TH, WITH THE CHANGES SUGGESTED AT THE MEETING, AS FOLLOWS: 1. EiRht-Hour Day. a. Wherever the provisions of the Executive order of the President, requiring the wages of persons employed upon Government contracts to be computed upon a basic day rate of eight hours with time and one-half for overtime, are applicable, a uniform clause shall be used. This clause shall be in the form hereto annexed. b. This clause makes no reference to the Eight-Hour Law of 1912 which was suspended by the Executive order of March 24, 1917, To insert a reference to the Eight-Hour Law, as is done in some of the contracts, only tends to create confusion and in many cases operates to limit the hours of work to eight hours in cases where there is no statute requiring such limitation. 2. Adjustment of Labor Disputqs. a. It is deemed desirable by the Committee that in accordance with the policy laid down by the President when he created the National War Labor Board, and in order that the principles adopted by the War Labor Policies Board, and by the War Conference Board, may be put into effect, every contract contain a "labor dispute clause" whereby the contractor agrees to submit all labor disputes to the head of the department or his representative. b. buoh a provision is necessary to protect contractors, who, if directed by any Government agency to pay increased wage, could not otherwise be reimbursed by the Government where the agency directing https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis the increase was of the opinion that justice required the Government to make such reimbursement. 0. In view of the ruling of the Comptroller that no comyensatory adjustment can be made unless called for by the contract, the contract should contain a provision requiring the Government to pay the increase in wages directed by the head of the Department or by his representative where the head of the Department is of the opinion that the interests of the Government require that reimbursement be made. d. Annexed hereto is a form of clause providing for labor adjustments. 3. Maintenance of btandards. The Committee has drafted a general clause which is to be inserted in the contract, whereby every contractor agrees to comply with the rules and regulations established by the head of the Department. All such rules and regulations are to be issued in a separate pamphlet. 4. Rules and Eegplations for Waintenance of Labor Standards. a. Annexed hereto is a tentative list of the labor conditions which are to apply to all contracts. b. .Enforcemant of rules and regulations governing conditions of employment. An administrator of Labor kandards for Am Clothing has been appointed who is enforcing these provisions not only with respect to the manufacture of army clothing but also in the factories where shirts and other articles manufactured for the Quartermaster Department are made. Similar organizations should be created to enforce these standards in the case of contracts made by other Government Departr:ents To avoid duplication of work and to centralize the administration it may be advisable to have one administrator to enforce these provisions for all https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -2.. ng Board. the departments involved, including the War, Navy and Shippi If such ted by the gar Labor a policy is adopted the Administrator should be appoin Polioies Board. It is suggested that every Department issue an order el. al Order No. 13) and by similar to that adopted by the Chief of Ordnance (Gener the quartermaster General (Circular No. 18) Copies of these orders are hereto annexed. 5. Standard Wages. ctor to The general clause above referred to requires the contra the head of the department. comply with the rules and regulations adopted by fix a standard wage scale In the rules and regulations Article III right to Is as:AMC 6. Control over Employment of Labor. and This is provided for by the general clause and by the rules regulations. 7. The cooperation of workers and manufacturers is of the utmoSt supplies and munitions needed importance in securing the production of the by the Government. The Conr-ittee is, therefore of the opinion that before to include the "labor disputesolause" orders are issued to contracting officers ences be had with representatives and "Maintenance of standards clause" confer of workers and employers. 8. a. Pending such conferences in order that labor standards d clause (Ina) be inserted may be maintained it is suggested that the annexe in all Government contracts. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 3 b. This clause incorporates the provisions requiring contractors to comply with state labor laws, regulating the employment of minors and prohibiting the employment of convict labor. The insertion of this clause is in line with the principles established by the Council of National Defense, to wit, that the standards established by law shall be maintained. The clause prohibiting the use of convict labor is in accoraarce with the Executive order of President Roosevelt, dated May 18, 1905, which order is still in force. he provision with respect to the employment of minors incorporates the order of the 6eoretary of War as well as the provisions contained in the Act of Congress which the Supreme Court recently declared unconstitutional. 9. Before making this report theCommittee consulted with the Contracts Committees, which consisted of the representatives of the various branches of the War Department, and modifications of the original recommendations were made as the result of such conferences. I. EIGHT-HOUR CLAUSE EIg-HT HOUR BASIC DAY,_ TIME AND ONE HALF FOR OVERTIME: DAMIGES FOR VIOLATION. Wages of laborers, operatives and mechanics, doing any part of the work contemplated by this contract, in the employ of the contractor, shall be computed upon a basic day rate of eight hours' work, with overtime rates to be paid for at not less than time and one-half for all hours in excess of eight hours. Compliance by the contractor with the provisions of this article shall le of the essence of the contract. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -4 ADJUSTMENT OF LABOR DISPUTES. LABOR DISPUTES: y affecting In the event that labor disputes shall arise directl to cause any delay in the performance of this contract, and causing or likely making the deliveries, the (head of department) may settle or cause to accede to and comply to be settled such disputes, and the parties hereto ap.ree with all the terms of such settlement. If the contractor is thereby required to ance of pay labor costs higher than those prevailing in the perform this contract (head of department) or his immediately prior to such settlement, the , in making such special representative, duly authorized thereto in writing just addition to settlement and as a part thereof may direct that a fair and settlement reduces such tne contract price shall be made therefor, but if such labor costs to the contractor, the (head of department) or his representa- from the contract price. tive may direct that a fair and Just deduction be made e was ordered in wtiting No claim for addition shall be made unless the increas by the (head of department) or his duly autharized representative, and of the settlement. Every such addition to the contract price was directed as part the ----- (head of departdecision or determination made under this article by be final and binding upon ment) or his duly authorized representative shall the parties hereto. Compliance with the provisions of this artiel, shall be of the essence of this contract. X4INTENANCE OF LABOR STANDARDL,. t, either by the contractor or All work performed in carrying out this contrac full compliance on the contractor's premises by a sub-contractor shall be done in ons of employment which are with the rules and regulations fixing the conditi hereto annexed and made a part of this contract. A breach of any of these rules tial breach of this contract. or regulations shall constitute a substan -5 https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis RULES AND REGUL4IONS GOVERNING THE CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT DEPARTMENT OF THE BY CONTRACTORS WITH DEPARTMENT I. SANITARY STANDARDS The contractor shall from time to time submit to the 1. (head of department) or his representatives, a statement in wtiting showing the location of all premises where any part of the work to be performed under this contract is proposed to be carried on, and shall likewise submit a statement in writing showing all proposed changes in the location of premises. 2. The ---- (head of department) or his representative shall be per- mitted to inspect all such premises and to make reasonable directions with regard thereto and the contractor shall comply with all such directions upon notice thereof. HOURS OF LABOR. Hours.rosted. The hours of labor for every tour should be posted. ILLES 1. Standard wages and conditions. The contractor agrees to comply with all rules and regulations which may be adopted by this ---- (head of department) and all orders and instructions issued by or pursuant to the direction of the said •••••••••••• (head of department) fixing the wages of mechanics and laborers em- ployed on the contract, Including the rate for or limitation of overtime. If during the pendency of this contract a chanie should be made in the rules and regulations, or orders and inktructions shall be issued as aforesaid, whereby the wages are increased above the scale of wages in force at the time of the execution of this contract; the head of the department may, if justice requires It, direct that the contractor be reimbursed by the Department to the extent of such increase. If the labor cost is decreased, the head of the department may direct the benefit of such decrease shall accrue to the Department. -6 https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis IV. EMPLOYMENT OF LABOR. The contractor shall comply with all rules and regulations (head of department) orders and instructions adopted by the to regulate the methods of securing laborers, mechanics and workers. V. swynARDS FOR EMPLOYMENT OF WOXEN. 1. State laws and restrictions. All work done in carrying out the contract must be performed in full compliance with the laws of the state, territory or District of Columbia where such labor is performed. 2. The contractor shall comply with all the rules and regulations (head of department) regulating and orders and instructions of the the conditions of employment of women. VI. STANDARD'S FOR EMPLOYMENT OF MINORS 1. :ce. No minor under fourteen years of age shall be employed at any work under any conditions. 2. Hours of labor. No minor between the age of fourteen and sixteen years ahall be employed -ore than eight hours in any one day, more than six days in any one week or before 6 a. m. or after 7 p. m. VII. siPPLOYYZNT OF CONVICT Li1BORs The contractor shall not directly or indirectly employ in the performance of th s contract any person undergoing sentence of imprisonment at hard labor which may have been imposed by a court of any state, territory or municipality having criminal jurisdiction. (Provided executive orders may later be issued by the President to comply with legislation of Congress https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -7- permitting employment of convict labor in certain cases.) *******************(head of department) Note - by article -- of the contract with the Government these rules and regulations are made a part of the contract with the Government. 4 breach of any of these rules and regulations constitutes a breach of such contract. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis - 6 - https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis WAR L/BOR POLICI7S BOPPD Meeting of July 19, 1918. MINUTrS Mr. Frankfurter, Chairman Mr. Bass Mr. Eyerly Mr. Frayne Mr. Haond Mr. Hopkins Mr. Keefe Miss Van Kleeck Mr. Alpine Mr. Perkins Mr. Chenery Mr. Lowenthal Mr. Bell, Fxecutive Secretary Present: 1. The Chairman presented the attached memorandum from Miss Julia Lathorp, Director of the Children's Bureau, Department of Labor. Miss Lathrop and Miss Grace Abbott, Chief of the Child Labor Division, attended the meeting to explain the memorandum in detail. It was moved by Mr. Hopkins and seconded by Miss Van Yleeck that the existing machinery of the Division of Child Labor, Children's Bureau, Department of Labor should be utilized by all departments of the goverment in administering the clause rertaining to the employment of children adopted by this Board on July 12th and inserted in all departmental contrP.cts. Motion carried unanimously. II. Mr. Hopkins moved and Miss Van Kleeck seconded the adoption of the following resolution: "Resolved, that rending the confer- ences with representatives of workers and anrloyers looking to the insertion of the labor disputes clause submitted to the War Labor Policies Board by the Contract Comi:Aittee of the Board, the labor disputes clause, https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -2July 19, 1918. ment contracts; and as amended and annexed, be inserted in all Govern no lebor disputes that all derTartments of the Government that have ary of the Board clause in their contracts be requested by the Secret rs to have the al:nexed to issue instructions to their contracting office er made by them." clause inserted in all Government contracts &erev Motion carried unanimously. III. The Chairman rendered on oral report of the Conferences n representatives which had been held durin6 the past ten days betwee aprloyees of the of the Board and representatives of employers and ion of wages, building and metal trades concerning the standardizat hours and working conditions. He also presented for consideration O'Connell and a letter of July 18th addressed to the Board by Messrs this Board on Donlin, a copy of which was mailed to each member of July 18th. It 4P8 the sense of the meeting that such conferences should those h Id up to be eontinued by the Chairman along the same lines as separately the probdate, and that no atterart ailoull be made to consider lems of policies and administration. IV. It was moved by Mr. Horkins and seconded by Mr. Keefe that m of fixing prices the Chairman wppoint a committee to consider the proble possible methods to the consumer on certain fundamental conmodities,. and prices; the 4hich the War Indlistries Board might use in fixing such committee to report at the next meeting. Motion carried unanimously. The Chairmah appointed the following committee: Mr. Hopkins, Perkins Chairman, Miss Van Kleeek, Messrs. M&rshall, Hammond, Christie, and Alpine. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis V. At the 811.ggestion of Mi Van J.eeck the aairman appointed the folloQing committee to determine the interpretation of the contracts clause adopted by the Board on July 12 with regard to the right of state departments of labor to make insrections in plants ioing government work; the committee to rerort at the next meeting. Miss Van Kleeck, Chairman, Major Samuel Rosensohn, MEjor Henry Leonard. On motion duly made and seconded the meeting was adjourned at 12:30 p. m. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis George L. Bell, Executive Secretary. Memorandum for Mr. Frankfurter as to the administration of the Child Labor Contract Clause adopted on July 12, by. the War Labor Policies Board: 1. As to certificate of Age. The suggestion made by the Children's Bureau to the Departments concerned was that the .recedent of the Federal Child Labor Law--Sec. 5 and regulations i, 2, 3, and 4 see attached Circular-of and of the orders issued by the Secretary of War and the Secretary the Navy with reference to the employment of children on caars, cantonlbents, navy yards etc. should be followed. This would mean with reference to the contract clause now under consideration that the government would consider the contractor to have rhet the terms of the contract if the only children under 14 he has employed are children for whom he has in Tpol faith procured at the time of employing such children and has since in 7,00d faith relied upon and kept on file certificates of ece issued by the Secretary of Labor* or by someone designated by him or a regularly issued state certificate or work in permit in states designated by the Secretary of Labor as states which the age certificte or work remits are issued under state down by authority substantially in accord with the requirements laid the Secretary of Labor*, showing such children to be 14 or over. *Foot note. The Child Labor Law provided that this should be done by a Board the composed of the Secretary of Labor, the Secretary of Commerce and Board that by ns adopted Regulatio The Rules and Attorney General. followed by the Secretary of Labor so it seems to be would undoubtedly us unnecessary to provide for action by all three. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis _ • This would mean that if the states designated for the purposes of the administration of the Child Labor Act were designated for the rurposes of the enforcement of the contract clause, state certificates o:m11 be accepted in the following states: Alabama Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Miouri Montana Nebraska New Hampshire Few Jersey New York North Dakota Pennsvlvania Rhode Island Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota OlAo Oklahoma Oregon Wathington West Virginia Wisconsin Federal certificates would have to be issued in: Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Mississippi, and Texas. (Provision for the states not enumerated will probably not be necessary). The Cnild Labor Division h48 been issuing certificates in these states. The work has beensuspended for the past month, hut the machinery can be readily set in motion again. Without question the most important rart of the enforcement of child labor standards is an effective certificate system. 2. As to insnection. The recomiLendaticn made was that the Child Labor Division should submit to the DeTiartments concerned evidence of violations of the standards fixed in the contract. Child labor inspections and investigations are investigations outside of the factory as to the aos of the children found smployed inside the factory. The time spent in the factory is small compared to the time spent in outside investigation. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis To ask an inspector of safety appliances, of sanitation, or of industrial diseases to make these inspections would be a wasteful proceeding. The Child Labor Division has on file a considerable body of information as to where insrections will be necessary and has already a working basis of co6poration A.th state officers hence the inspection for child labor can be mudh more economically done by the Child Labor Division of the Children's Bureau than by any other Division or Department. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Julia C. Lathrop, Chief. July 19, 191P. LPJUSTM7NTS OF LIBOR DISPUTES In the event that labor disputes shall arise directly affecting the performance of this contract and causing or likely tc cause any delay in making the deiiverias and the (head of department) shall have requested the contractor to submit such dispute for settlement, the contractor Shall have the rii4it to submit such dispute to the (head of department) for settlement. (head of department) may thereupon settle or The ause to be settled such disputes, and the parties hereto agree to accede to and to comply with all the terms of such settleinent. If the contractor is thereby required to pay labor costs ,-;erformance of this contract . higher tnan those prevailing in the , 1neiiately -7.rior to such settlement, the (head of department) or his representative in making such settlement and as a part thereof may direct that a fair and just addition to the contract price shall be male therefor; provided, however, that the (head of depart- ment) or his representative shaii certify that the contractor has in all respects lived up to the terms and ccmditions of the contract or shall waive in writing for this purpose only any breach that may have occurred. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis July 19, 1918 If such settlement reduces such labor cost to the contractor, the (head of department) or his representative may direct that a fair and just deduction be made from the contract trice. No claim for addition shall be made unless the increase was ordered in writing by the (head of department) or is duly authorized representative and such addition to the contract price was directed as part of the settlement. !very decision or determination made under this article by the (head of derartment) or his duly authorized representative shall be final and binding upon the parties hereto. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis • WAR LABOR ItLICITP.9 BOAPD Meeting of July 26th, 1918 - at 10 A.M. 'MINUTES Mr. Frankfurter, Chairman Mr. Bess Mr. Eyerly Mr. Frayne Mr. Hopkins Mr. IlLmmond Mr. Keefe Mr. Marshall Mr. Pippin Mr. Perkins Miss Van Kleeck Mr. Babson Mr. Chenery Mr. Densmore Mr. Smythe Mr. Bell, Executive SecrelarLr. Present: I. The report of the Committee on enforcement of state labor 'laws in connection with work done on Government contracts was presented by the Cha:lrman, Miss Van Kleeck. Mover! by Mr. Bass and seconded by Miss Van Kleeck that the resolution proposed by the Committee be amended and adapted in the following forql:"In order to insure the enforcement of the provisions of the contracts that all work required in carrying them out shall be performed in full comnliance with the laws of the state, territory or District of Columbia, wl.ere such labor is iferforwed BE IT R7SnLV7D, that the head of each derartment placing contracts be asked to designate duly authorized representatives to enforce this provision of the contracts, such designation to be made on recoma.endation of the .1:ar Labor Policies Board." Motion carried unanimously. Moved by Mr. B sa and seconded by Miss Van Kleeck that the Couithitteels sugested form for the appointment of representatives to enforce the contracts be referred back to the committee for revision https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis e in order to make it conform to the above amended resolution; and that a member of the legal staff of the Emergency'Fleet Corporation be appinted by Dr. Marshall to serve with the committee. Motion carried unanimously. Moved by Mr. Frayne and seconded by Miss Van Kleeck that the Chairman be authorized to call a conference of representatives of state Deoartmants of Labor, such conference to consider ,vays and means for the effective and uniform enforcement of all provisions inserted in Govermnent contracts by the War Leber Policies Board. Motion carried unanimously. II. It was moved by Mr. Frayne and secmded by Mr. Howe that the contract clause adopted by the War Lr.bor Policies Board with reference to the employment of minors be amended by the insertion of the words, "Provided, that", before the secT,nd sentence; so that the amended clause would read as follows:"LAWS AND RFSTRICTIONS RFLATIVE TO LAB: All work required in carrying out this contract shall be performed in full compliance with the laws of the State, Territory or District of Columbia, wEere such labor is Provided, that the contractor shall not performed; employ in the performance of this contract any minor under the age of 14 years or permit any minor betqeen the age of 14 and 16 years to work more tran eight hours in any one day, more than six days in any one Nor shall week, or before 6 A. M. or after 7 P. M. the contractor directly or indirectly employ any person undergoing sentence of imLrisonment at hard labor which may have been imposed by a court of any State, Territory, or municipality, having criminal jurisdiction. Provided, however, that the President of the United States may, by executive order, modify this provision with respect to the employment of convict labor and provide the terms and conditions upon which such labor may be eLnloyed. This provision shall be of the essence of the contract." Motion carried unanimously. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -3- III. Moved by Mr. Howe and seconded by Mr. Frayne that the standing Comaittee on Contract Clauses be directed to consider the possibility of changing existing government contracts so as to include all contract clauses adopted by the War Labor Policies Board, before and after the execution of such contracts; the committee to report to the Board at the next meeting. Motion carried unanimously. IV. The Chairman announced that, in accordance with the wishes of the Board as expressed at the meting of July 12th, he had held conferences with Provost Marshall - Genenml Crowder and with Judge Parker, of the T)riorities Committee of the War Industries Board, with reference to the classification, deferment, and furloughing of skilled labor included within the military draft. As a result of these con- ferences it has 'Dem decided thzt a Committee should be appointed by the War Labor Policies Board to consider these problems and report at the earliest possible date. Moved by Mr. Hopkins and seconded by Mr. Keefe that the W Chairman of the Board be authorized to appoint the chairman of the proposed committee, and to request the head of each of the following Del)artments to designate a relresentative of his Pepartment to serve on the committee:- https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 1. - Navy 2. - War (a.- representative to be anrointed by Provost Marshall General, (b.- second representative to be appointed by the Secretary of War. 3. - War Industries Board 4. - Fuel Administration 5. - Food Administration 6. 7. 8. 9. - Derartment of Agriculture Emergency Fleet Corporation Railway klainistration Post Office Department Motion carried unanimously. V. The Chairman reported that he, and other representatives taof the Board, are now engaged in holding conferences with represen of wages tives of employers and labor to consider the standardization for 'an skilled labor. Mr. Hoet reported that a representative of the Navy Depart- VI. ng conment had agreed with a group of employees engaged in performi tract work for the Navy that certain of their disputes concerning wages woull be referred to the War Labor Policies Board for settlement. It was the sense of the meeting that the Secretary of the Board be directed, to refer such disputes to the War Labor Board together with the suggestion that the War Labor Board should appoint representatives of the Navy and Army Department to act as mediators. VII. Mr. Densmore presented pro. used announcements of the U. S. Employment Service with regard to the recruiting of skilled labor by of employers engaged in war work and the recruiting of all classes of all labor by employers engaged in war work and the recruiting classes of labor by eaployers engaged in non-war work; and asked that the Board approve the proposed announcements. It is the sense of the melting that the Cnairman should report a -point a committee to consider the proposed announcements and to the Board at the next meeting. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Chairman accordingly appointed the following Committee:- -5- Mr. ?erkins, Chairman, Messrs Bass an:1 liamotond. On motion duly 'Lade and. seconded., the meeting was adjourned at 12:30 P. M. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis George L. Bell, Executive Secretary. COM1ITTE7 ON FIXING OF RETAIL PRICES M7TTING JULY 26, 1918. Present: Mr. Hopkins, Chairman V.r. Perkins Mr. Eyerley Mr. Hammond Mr. Marshall Miss Van Kleeck Miss Mortensen, Secretary. Dr. Mitchell of the Price Fixing Division of the War Industries Board outlined the problem of fixing retail prices. Discussion centered on the necessity of fixing prices to the consumer, the machinery available and the organization that would be necessary for the carrying out of such a project. The secretary was instructed to get in touch with the representatives of various departments and find out what is being done in the way of price fixing, and the Success with which it is meeting, to report at the next meeting. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Committee adjourned subject to call. Clara Mortenson, Secretary WAR LfiBOR POLICIFS BOARD Wri'..0011T OF =MITrEP ON PPOPOSrD P,r1TO'INCrrrNTS OF Ti'MPLOYIVNT SiR VICE July 29th, 1918 Report of Sub-Colailittee appointed at the regular meeting Friday, July 25th, on the proposed announcement, by the United States Employment Department, presented by Mr. Densmore and Mr. Smythe to he War Labor Policies Board, Friday, July 26th, entitled: "Authorization and Regulation for Recruiting SI7illed Labor by EMployers ngaged in War Work, and for Recruiting all Classes of Labor by Employers ngaged in Non-War Work." Members of ttee: Dr. Hammond Mr. Palfrey, representing Mr. Bass Mr. Perkins The Sub-CoaAttee hiS fully considered the proposed draft and vmpathizas broadly with the purposes indicated. In view however, of the fact that the Employment Service is still in a state of organization and has not yet exhibited to the employin public the success which we believe wil attend its efforts to recruit unskilled labor, it is the opinion of the Sub-Committee, that it miht be aimisable to make no further public announceftent indicating extended activites until labor and employers and the Emplbyment Service have becoaa related in a successful operation of the Employment Service of its announced program, beginning August 1st. In any event we believe that the most, which it is desirable to express at tnis time, is an intimation to employers that as rapidly as progress warrants, assistance in securing more skilled employees may It is be obtained from the state director and the earloyment offices. the and recognize feel situation should the employers that important It is suggested that to this end, instead obligation to co-operate. announcement on the subject, that the State official of promulgating an Directors be advised to make this situation known among emrloyers and labor as occasion warrants. In order to protect as far as possible employers engaged in war work, it seems to your Sub-Committee desirable thttt the resolution of the War Industries Board., warning aninloyers of non-war work thatthat Board will withhold fuel and raw materials, from those industries which https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis solicit or se-4c to withdraw labor from the essential inlustries, should be given a wide publicity and the responsibility of this publicity should fall upon the superintendents of all of the local offices. Finally, the Sub-Committee believes that no plan of the vast proportion of the United States Pmployment Service for recruiting unskilled labor for war work canb e put into successful operation It believes it in all parts of the United States on any one late. this opinion, to be given should publicity any that is not desirable its state inform should Service but that the United States nacloyment s superintendent directors that they are, after consultation with the particular any of their local offices, to authorize postponement in territory of the late Ahen the centralized recruiting program for common labor will be compulsory for eaployers in that district. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis For the Comidttee, H. F. P7REINS, Chairman. WAR LABOR POLICI7S BOARD M7MORANDUM ON WOREARN'S COM_07NSATION. July 30, 1918, To Bo Considered at Board Meeting on Aug. ?, 1918. We have had called to our attention theeconomic injustice and employees consequent unrest arising from the fact that many of the injuries of government contractors are not adequately insured against arising out of or in the course of employment. The program of the War Labor Policies Board in standardizing wages, hours, and conditions of employ4ent is incorm--lete unless workmen's com,:ensation is also standardized. Ten states, Alabawa, Ar:1-.ansas, Florida, Georgia, .4is.ouri, North CaroliTIL, 7orth rakot, south C&rolina, Tennessee, and the District of Columbia have no workmen's compensation law. The law of Virginia does not go into effect until January 1, 1919. The rate of compensation in the other states varies greatly. If wages and prices a re fixed they are determined by the cost on. of production of the man who pays the highest rate of compensati The other contractors who pay a lower rate, and those in the non-compensation states v.hose expense for worknen 14 insurance is 7r4ctically negligible, -;et the same price for their products. The result is that these employers are trofiteering at the expense of their employees. Since the government Imys a price for commodities which covers the cost of adequate insurance against disability and death caused by accidents, it should see to it that the worYer not only receives his wages but also the compensation to 6hich he is entitled. be done in one of four ,vays: https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis This could -2- (1) By making the contractor an agent of the government. (2) By the insertion•of a clause in all government contracts requiring the payment of benefits on a rrescribed uniform scale under s.litable guarantee such as is now required, for instance, to secure payment of wages to employees of cI.ntractors. (3) By securing legislation to this effect. (4) By securing legislation nroviding that all contractors vhose plants are exclusively or largely devoted to governulent work dhall for the period of the war come under the provisions of the United States Tmployees' Compensation Act. As a sar measure the fourth plan seems the most feasible for the following reasons: (1) The United States EmFloyees' Cmpensation Pot is the most liberal and cheaply administered law of its kind. (2) In the United States Fmployees 1 Compensation Commission we have the nucleus of the machinery for administration. Unless there is some good reason to the contrary, it is expedient to use it rather than to build up a new organization. (3) Tt is the policy of the government to carry its own insunance. Why not carry it on workmen engaged in government work, when it can tiiem better protection at a lower cost tnan it is now paying? (4) As a war rrure, NB would probably have little dilficulty in securing the passage of a bill making the UniLed States Government the insurance carrier. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis follows: Objections to the other plans may be briefly given as (1) By making the contractor an agent of the government, we wouli aim to accomplish by an indirect and confusing method exactly the same thing that could be accom:piished in a direct ILethod. (?) A contract clause or a law providing for the rayment of benefits on a rrescribed scale would necessitate the framing of a new compensAtion act and the building up of a nev, organization, would probably cause irritation and delay, and would be more difficult to enforce than the federal compensation act. THIPTF1R7 IT IS RFODY!.171TD that legislation be secured providing that all contractors whose plants are exclusively devoted to government work shall, for the p?riod of the war, come under the provisions of the United States Employees' Compensation Act. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis WAR LABOR POLICIPS BOARD CONYITTFP ON CONTRACT CLAUSFS Meeting of sily 31, 191.9, at 2 P. M. MINUTFS Present: Major Rosensohn Dr. Barnett Mr. Leonard Ur. Neagle Mr. Sivyer Mi. Gaus, Acting Secretary War Department Energency Fleet Corporation Navy Dnartment Navy Department A form of supplemental amendment to existing contracts was submitted by Major Ros3nsohn, which was adopted after discussion. It was the opinion of the Comcdttee (1) that no existing contract could be amended without the consent of the contracting parties; (2) that the agreement as submitted will be acceptable to contractors, since under it reimbursement for increases in wages contracted by a duly authorized b•erd of the Government may be paid by the head of the Department in cases in which he thinRs reimbursement should be made; (3) that when, after conference with manufacturers and workers, it is desired to insert the other provisions, such as those regarding compliance with the rules and regulations of the head of the department and with the provisions of the executive order of the President, such clauses may be added to the proposed form of agreement without further change. The Chairman announced that at a conference with Judge Warwick, Comptroller of the Treasury, the Comptroller stated thf.t such mental agreement, Ahen duly executed by the contracting officer and duly filed, will he valid and enforceable. The Committee having adopted the suggestion of Major Rosensohn for its report to the War Labor Policies Board, the meeting adjourned at 2:45. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis J. M. GAPS Acting Secretary. R?POT?T OF THY CONIMI TTFTP. ON C rrTTRfi CT CLA7SFS to the WAR LPBOR POLICIES BOARD August 1, 1918. Existing Concerning Supplemental Clauses to be added to Contracts 1. Pursuant to the resolution adopted by the War Labor July 31 and Policies Board on July 26, 'DIP, the Committee met on as a method adopted for proposal to the Board the annexed agreement amending existing contracts. 2. g It is the opinion of the Committee that no existin contracting contracts can be amended without the consent of the parties. 3. The agreament as submitted wi.„1 be acceptable to in 'ges contractors since under it reimbursement for increases ent, may be paid directed by a duly authorized board of the governm thinks reimby thl head of the department, in oFises in which he bursement should be made. 4. When, after conference with manufacturers and workers, as those requirJ.; is desired to insert the other provisioas, such of the ing compliance with the rules and regulations of the head the department and with the pro-isions of the executive order of of agreePresident, such clauses may be added to the proposed form ment without further change. 5. At a conference with Judge Warwick, Comptroller of the a Treasury, he stated to the chairman of the Committee that such supplemental agreement, when duly executed by the contracting officer and duly filed, will be valid and enforcible. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -2- Supplemental Contract No.-Surplemental Agreement made this lay of THE 7= STATrS OF A7,7PICA, renresented by and the contractor) by a..ni between (hereinafter ca 1e a contract was entered into beteeen day of WHeliTelS, on TH7 TINITPD ST4T7S OF ATTRITA, represented by •- n-.1 the contractor for AND, WHEREAS, the need in the present emergency for continuous and accelerated production of the above supplies demands that under no circ-uListpnces shall .:()1.4.: be stop ed, ?TD, WIT7PEAS, to secure the ends of the Goverment, it is im) Department i - ortant that the contractor agrees (1) to aid the ( in. preventing any interruption of work, (2) to submit all labor disputes to (head of department) or his duly authorized representative, for adjustment, (3) to confer upon the(head of department) or his representative the power to fix the sages paid by the contractor to his workers, Weather they be members of a labor union or not, (4) to abide by the determination thus made, (5) to cowply with the laws and restrictions relative to labor, and (6) to amend the contract by inserting such clauses therein. NOW, THT.T.FFORE, It is hereby agreed that the said original conbe and the same hereby is amended by adding tract dated thereto the following clauses: In the event that labor disputes shall 1. LABOR DISDTPIES. arise directly affecting the performance of this contract, and causing or likely to cause any delay in Ilekng the deliveries, the (head of lepartment) may settle or cause to be settled such disputes, and the -rarties hereto agree to accede to and comply with all the terms of such settleleent. If the contractor is thereby required to may labor costs higher than those prevailing in the performance of this contract i.mediately rrior to such settlement, the (head of department) or his representative in nahdng such settlement and as a part thereof may direct that a fair and just addition to the contract rrice shall be made therefor, but if such settlement reduces such labor costs to the contractor, the (head edepartment) or his rerresentative may direct that a fair and just deduction be mLde from the contract price. No claim for addition Shall be made unless the increase was ordered in writing by the (head of department) or his duly authorized representative, and such ad3ition to the contract price was directed as rart of the settlement. Every decision or determination made under this article by the (head of department) or his duly authorized representative shall be final ani binding upon the parties hereto. Compliance with the provisions of this article shall be of the essence of this contract. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -3- All work.re2. LAWS AM RESTRICTIONS RFLATIVE TO Lfipar: in performed be shall contract quired in carrying out this or Territory State, the of full compliance with the laws District of Columbia, where such labor is performed; provided, that the contractor shall not employ in the performance of this contract any minor under the tige of fourteen years or permit any minor between the age of fourteen and sixteen years to work more than eight hours in any one day, more than six days in any one wee, or before six a. m. or Nor shall the contractor directly or inafter seven p. m. undergoing sentence of imprisonperson any directly employ have been imrosed by a court may NI7ich labor ment at hard having criminal municipality, or of any State, Territory, the President of the that however, Provided, jurisdiction. this provision modify Order, Executive United States may be and provide labor convict of with respect to the employment be emmay such labor which the terms and conditions upon of the conThis provision shall be of the essence ployed. tract. Except as iierein amended the original contract shall remain in full forcd and effect. IN WI9N7SS WHEREOF, the parties aforesaid executed and delivered this contract in triplicate as of the date first hereinbefore written: WITNESS: as to Head of Decartment as to The following certificate by the contracting officer will be made where the contractor is a corporation, in cases where the filing of evidence referred to may properly be waived: I hereby certify that I have satisfied myself cf the authority of the person signing the cJntractor's name to this agreement to bind it in the matter, and I have waived the filing of evidence of such authority, as ,Earmitted so to do by the Army Regulations. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Head of Denartnent -4.- The followin6 affidavit is required only on the copy of the contract for the Returns Office: swear I do solemnly affirm that the foregoing is an exact copy of a contract made by me tersonally with the contractor mimed above; that I made the same -fairly, without any benefit or advantage to myself, or allowing any such benefit or al.vantage corruptly to the contractor, or any other rerson, and that the papers accompanying include all those relating to the contract, as required by the statute in such case made and provided. (Head of repartment) Sworn to Subscribed and affirmed before me this https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Jay of , 19 WAR LABOR "POLICI7S BOAPD Meeting of' August 2, 19188 MINUTES Present: Mr. Frankfurter, Chairman Mr. Coonley Mr. Donlin Mr. Eyerly Major Gitchell Mr. Ham-ond Mr. Howe Mr. Palfrey :in Mr. Pip, Mr. Perkins Miss Van Kleeck Mr. Densmore Mr. Gaus Mr. Lamson Mr. Chenery Mr. Lowenthal, Secretary pro tem. I - Mr. Perkjns presented the repert of the Committee on Proposed Announcements of the U. S. EMrloyment Service. Aftrn. discussion, on motion of Miss Van Yleeck, seccnded by Mr. Coonley, the r,3port with rescect to skilled labor was approved. •II - Committee on Fixing Prices of Commodities. After discussion, it was agreed that the coandttee should rerort on the relation of the stabilization of cocItiodity prices to nage stabilization, and the necessity for tha fixin6, of cormlodity prices by the government, III - Memorandum on Workmen's Compensation. After liscussion, a motion by Miss Van Kleecl, seconded by Mr. Howe aril amended by Mr. Palfrey, that the chairman should ar,oint a committee of five to stlity the legislative needs and trepare a legislative scheme with a supporting renort, v;as carried. The chairman appointed: Major RnsensohrhUir. Gans, Mr. Palfrey, Mr. PeriAns and Mr. Lamson. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -2- LA3OR FOLICnS BOARD Meeting of August 2, 1918. IV - Wage standardization. The chairman reported on the further conferences with representatives of the building and metal trades workers organizations and employers associations, and submitted the list of questions presented at the conferences. V - Committle to revise anhouncements to departmentsion enforce- ment of state laws. Miss Van Klseck reported rrogress and that the committee desired further time. VI - Committee on Contract Clauses. The cairman stated that the committee's report on sup - le- mental clauses to be added to existing contracts would be taken up at the next meetng of the board. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Meeting adjourned, Max Lowenthal, Secretary pro tem. WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD. Meetig. of Allgust 9 1918. MINUTE S. Present: I. Mr. Frankfurter, Chairman Mr. Coonley Mr. Donlin Mr. Eyerly Mr. Hammond Mr. Hopkins Mr. Howe Mr. Keefe Mr. Prafrey MissVan Kleeck Miss Abbott Mr. Perkins Mr. Alpine Mr. Babson Mr. Densmore Mr. Lamson Mr. Chenery Mr. Lowenthal Mr. Bell, 7xecutive Secretary The report of the Cuamittee on Contract C.,.auses concerning supplemental clauses to be alded to eesting contracts was submitted for consideration. It was moved by Mr. Palfrey and seconded by Mr. Hopkins that the form of supplemental contract submitted by the Committee be transmitted to all government departments with recommendation from the Board that such supplemental contracts be secured from contractors Nherever Tacticable. II. Motion carried unanimously. The report of the Committee on Conditions of Living recommending the endorsement of a bill proposed by the Housing Thireeu was submitted for consideration. It was moved by Mr. Hopkins and seconded by Mr. Palfrey that the Board recognizet the necessity for legislative action authorizing the President to control rental charges in certain areas and that it https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -2- endorse the general principles of the bill drafted by the Bureau of InAustrial Housin6 ani Transportation to meet tiiis situation. Motion carried unanimously. III. - The Chairman reported that during the week he had held further conferences with representative3 of employers and employees in the Metal Trades with regard to standardization of wages and that progress is being made with re,!:ard to the creation of a board to deal with metal trades outside of ship7ards. IV. - Mr. Hopkins reported that in certain districts in Connecticut soldiers iere being detailed to work in plants of Frivate contractors at the rate of 30 cents per hour, and asked that this Board take some action in the matter. The Chairman announced that he would aF,point a special committee to consider the problem and make recommendations at the next meeting of the Board. V. - Miss Van Kleeck submitted for consideration several questions con- cerning women engaged in war industries. It was the sense of the meeting that these questions should be considered by the committee which the Board created on July 26, to deal with the classification and deferxlMent of workers included in the Military Praft. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis On motion duly made and seconded the meeting adjourned at 12 M. George L. Bell, Executive Secretary. WAR LABOR POLICITS BOARD Co:.Lmittee on the Bilforcement of State Labor Laws Meeting of August 9, 1918 MINUTES Present: Miss Van Kleeck Major Rosansohn Major Leonard Miss Mortenson Miss True, Secretary It was voted thEt a letter be sent to the Governor of each state asking him to designate the body or bori.ies duly authorized and equipped by the state to enforce state factory laws in order that such bodies may be designated by the Secretary of Tar and the Secretary of the Navy to cooperate with Federal authorities in enforcing clauses of Government contn,cts. The drawin of a rlan of enforcement prior to the Conference of State.Officials was su.L.ested by Major Roseasohn and endorsed by the Comiattee. This plan is to include the handling of appeals for exemption from State Labor Laws. Regulation of night work by woffien and the whole procedure of dealing with exemption from night work laws was discussed. The Com- mittee is of the opinion that night work can and should be regulated by the Woilien in Iulustry Service in states where it is not covered by law. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Ruth True, Secretary. Dr)ARTMETT OF LABOR Office of the Secretary Washington lugust 12, 1918 WAR LABOT PILICIES BOARD My dear Miss Van Kleock: At a mleting of the War Labor Policies Board on August 9 the following motion was unanimously passed,: "That the form of supplemental contract submitted by the Committee on Contract Clauses be transmitted to all government departments with recomLiendation from the Boarl that such supnlemental contracts be secured from contractors wherever nracticable." 7nclosed please find the form of supplemental contract referred to. Would you please take arpropriate stens to have this matter properly brought to the attend on of your department? Cordially yours, George L. Fell 7xecutive Secretary *ass Mary Van Klegek, Ouray BlIg., 8th and Streets, Washington, D. C. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis WAR LABOR POLICI7S POARD August 12, 1917. MFMOR.IinDUM Regarding BOARD AND CONFLICT BPTas7.7N CLAUS7.9 ATOPTrD BY THF WAR LABOR POLICI7S CLAUSRS TISD BY C7RTAIN GOITTITNIVT.IT D7PARTMFINTS. 1918) (To be Considered at the Board Meting Aug-ust 16th, Within the past week a comluittee from the American Cotton Manufacturers' Association complained that the Quartermaster General's Department is still using two contract clauses dealing with labor matters that differ from clauses adonted by the War Labor Policies Board. One of these clauses T)rohibits the employment of any minor under the age of sixteen years, and also absolutely forbi ts the use with of so-cat—ed "convict labor" - both provisions conflicting clauses alopted by this Board. It has also been called to our attention that all contracts for arm7 clothing are now carrying clauses yrohibiting employment of minors unier the awe of sixteen years. The question has been asked officially as to Whether that clause shall be used in future, provisions or the one adopted by this Board, which carries different in regard to the employment of minors. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis • 0 WAR LABOR POLICIPS BOARD Therefore, it is necessary that the Board iriould interrret its position with regard to uniform contract clauses: (1) Either the board is to draw up uniform clauses which are to be regarded as only minimum standards, leaving it to different denartments to attain hisher standards, where possible, by agreement with contractors. (2) Or the Board is to iraw up uniform clauses which shall be regarded as the fixed and maximum standards to be demanded by all departments - it being understood that apy higher standards now in existence as the result of the initiative of employers, usae of trade or trade agreements, are to be allowed to stand. AGide from consideration of the hopes or fears of individuals concerning the establishment of certain higher standards during the period of the war, it is submitted that the Board should go on record in favor of the latter interpretation. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis (1) It has been the announced aim of the Board to establish uniformity in regard to wazes, hours, working conditions, etc. Manufacturers will generally interpret this an- nouncement to mean that all contracts of all denartments will have the same clauses with reference to questions of labor and industrial relations. If manufacturers A and B, located in the same town, enter into contracts https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -3- denartments, and later at the same time with different Government conflicting clauses find that th3ir respective contracts contain the with relation to labor matters, they will both feel that of the Government is not achieving uniformity in the true sense word; and the one whose contract reuires the more stringent labor standards, will feel that he has been indirectly deceived by the announcements of the War Labor Policies Board to the effect that all contracts are to be uniform. (2) It has also been the announced object of this Board to stabilize the labor situation. When, in the above sup ositious case, the employes of the plant operating unler the contract containing the less stringent lbor standards discover that the other plant is maintaining higher labor standards (as required disby Government contract) it is probable that restlessness and satisfaction will develop and the employees will feel that this Board is not securing the same conditions for labor in all plants, or securing equal stanifiris and protection for all labor. 13747CONDATION. It is, therefore, suggested that the Board adopt a motion to the following effect: That all Government departments be notified that the uniform contract clauses adopted and issued by this Board are to be inserted in all contracts, and that all the Departments be instructed to insert no clauses which shall be in conflict with or change the standards established in the contract clauses adopted by '.;11.?, 7ar Labor Policies Board. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis WAR LABOR POLICIES bOARD irri.rPT OF 00'.17'.ITTE7 ON ITT TTSTRI.A.L FIJP.LO`TGITS (To be consilered at'3oard lietin,Aui,t.,st 16) The Committee recorm,ends that the War Labor Policies Board adopt the tvm following resolutions: (1) Resolved ti at enlisted men on in'ustri al furlough 3hol11.1 receive the sane pay and work unler the same conditions as citiliaris in t're same coon-rations; (2) Resolved that enlisted r.,en on in ustrial furlough should lose no benefits, such as War Risk insurance, accruing to them as enlisted men, and that -nayments due to the government for such benefits should be deducted from the wages of furloughed men by their emplo”rs and transmitted to the overruilent. Resrectfully submi tted, Fred C. Croxton John R. Alpine F. 17. Tully F. L. Sivirer George L. Bell John M. Gaus, Secretary OUTLINE OF PROCEDUEE FOE ThE EI,FURCEMENT OF REGULATIONS PROMULGATED BY Oh UNJER THE AUTHORITY OF THE WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD 1. All complaints of violation of regulations by whomsoever re- ceived, excepting such as shall be received by representatives of the U. J. Employment Service having jurisdiction over the locality in which the plant complained of is situated, will be forwarded immediately to the Director General of the U. S. Employment Service. 2. Immediately upon the receipt of a complaint that Service will forward it to the appropriate State Director with instructions: (a) To investigate. (b) If the complaint shall prove to be well-founded, to communicate with the employer and endeavor to induce the discontinuance of the objectionable practice and, if he shall deem it feasible and desirable, to exact reparation therefor. (c) To send, in duplicate, a written report of the investigation and the action taken pursuant to it to the Director General who will transmit a copy thereof to the Enforcement Division of the War Policies Board. 3. Simultaneously with the transmission of the complaint to the State Director, the Director General will forward a copy thereof to the Governmental Bureau*, if any, for which the employer is engaged in manufacture, (either under a direct contract or as a sub-contractor) with the request as to that Bureau: To communicate promptly with the State Director and, upon his request, to cooperate with him in the effort to induce the employer to discontinue the objectionable practice and to maKe the reparation therefor, if any, which the state Director shall exact. (*Such Bureaus will hereinafter be referred to as the Contracting Bureau) rd https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -2- 4. Simultaneously with the transmission of the copy of the complaint as above provided, the Employment Service will send a copy thereof to the Enforcement Division of the Policies Board. b. In any instance where the State Director Shall have reported his in- ability to procure a prompt discontinuance of the objectionable practice and such reparation, if any, as he may have demanded, sucn report togeter with the entire record, including the response of the Contracting Bureau, shall be transmitted to the Enforcement Division of the Policies Board. 6. Upon receipt of this record the Enforcement Division of the Policies Board will adopt the following practice: https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Enforcement Division will send to the employer a notice setting forth the complaint made, and the substance of the report thereon, and will advise him that unless he shall satisfy the Policies Board on or before a date set forth in the notice that the complaint is unfounded or that the practices have been discontinued and that the reparation required by the State Director has been made,or that because of other circumstances such steps should not be taken, appropriate measures will be talien through the Priorities Committee of the War Industries Board and the Fuel Administration and other Governmental agencies to curtail his opportunity for sucli violations in the future. 7. If upon the receipt of the notice from the Enforcement Division the manufacturer shall advise it of his willingness to comply with the regulations and to make the required reparation, his expression of such willingness will be transmitted to the Director General of the Employment Service to be forwarded to the State Ddrector for his information and guidance. Where the employer expresses a desire for a hearing, he will be accord• ed an opportunity to present his oase before a special committee to be appointed by the Chairman which shall consist of a representative of the Priorities Committee, to be nominated by the Priorities Commissioner and a representative of the Var Policies Board. In the event that the representative of the War Policies Board and the representative of the priorities Committee, concur in a decision that the complaint is well-founded and that coercive measures should be employed, such measures will be promptly applied by the Priorities Committee. In case the employer shall fail to respond to the notice a like committee shall be constituted which shall confer upon and shall cause to be app/ied the coercive measures which shall be appropriate to the situation. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -4For the purpose of administering this program: 8. (a) The Employment Service will establish a Section tu charge itself with tie activities delegated to it. (b) Each of the several departments represented on the Policies Board will designate an official who will be charged with the obligation of securing from the Contracting Bureaus in his Department prompt action upon the request addressed to it as provided by Section 3 hereof. ) The Priorities Committee will be requested to delegate plenary powers to appointees on the special committees that may be appointed to pass upon the merits of complaints so that, upon their concurrence in a decision to apply coercive measures such measures may be promptly and automatically applied without farther reference to the heads of the enforcement agencies. 9. The Enforcement Division of the Policies Board shall consist of a number of the Chairman's staff, and such clerical assistants as may be recluired. It shall keep a complete record of the complaints and of the disposition made thereof. In any case where a practice complained of has been discontinued, but the employer has refused to make the reparation recommended by the local agency, the z.aking of such reparation maj be waived by the direction of the ChairLian, either before or after the transmission of the notice provided for in Section 6 hereof, and if waived before the sending of that notice reference thereto shall be omitted from the notice. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -5_ Where complaint shall be made to a representative of the Employment Service having jurisdiction over the locality in which the plant complained of is situated, slaci representative shall cause the complaint to be reduced to writing and signed by the complainant, and shall senu it to the State Director who will forward a copy thereof to the Director General and proceed immediately in the same manner as though the complaint had been received by him from the Director General; and thereafter the procedure sail be the same as is prescribed for complaints received by other agencies. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD Minutes of Meeting August 16, 1918. Present: Mr. Frankfurter, Chairman, Mr. Eyerly Mr. Hammond Mr. Howe Mr. Keefe Mr. Palfrey Liss Van Kleeck Mr. Whitin Miss AbbOtt Mr. Chenery Ir. Gans Mr. Lamson Mr. Lowenthal Mr. Perkins Mr. Sivyer Mr. Smythe Mr. Bell, Executive Secretary I - A report of the Committee on Enforcement of State Labor Laws was submitted by the Chairman, Miss Van Kleeck. It was moved by Mr. lowe and seconded by Mr. Eyerly that the following form of designation of state officials, as submitted by the committee, be adopted and forwarded to the heads of government departments represented on the Board:"The (Secretary of War or Secretary of Navy) hereby designates , or his successor, as his duly authorized representative to co-operate witn the federal government with respect to contracts for work to be performed in (state), and to make specified inspections on his behalf and on behalf of the various bureaus, contracting officers and acencies of the (War or ravy) Department, to enforce the provisions of the contracts with said department, its officers, bureaus and agencies, requiring all work done in the (state) to be performed in full compliance with the laws in regard to labor of (state)." https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Lotion carried unanimously. Moved by Mr. Howe and seconded by Mr. Eyerly that the form of communication to governors suggested by the Committee be adopted with such amendments as the Chairman of the Board may make. VDtion carried unanimously. 16, 1918, War Labor l'olicies Board - Minutes - August the Board Moved by Mr. Howe and seconded by Mr. Palfrey that all contracts request the government departments to have attached to the heads of printed lists of the state officials designated by resolution; the various departments in accordance with the above to prepare an Committee on the Enforcement of State Labor Laws head of such lists. appropriate explanation to be printed at the Motion carried unanimously. II. ial Furloughs The report of the special Committee on Industr Board. was submitted for consideration by the Chairman of the to the After discussion, the Chairman re-referred the matter its second proposed Committee to consider more fully the substance of resolution. as additionThe Chairman appointed Mr. Perkins and Miss Abbott al members of this Committee. d The report of a special Committee on the policy to be followe and lockby the United States Employment Service in case of strikes outs was submitted for consideration by the Chairman of the Board. After discussion, the Chairman re-referred the matter to the the Committee to rephrase its proposed resolution so as to express ideas voiced by the members of the Board. IV. A resolution regarding the pending legislation permitting epployment of prison labor as drafted by the War Prison Labor and National Waste Reclamation Section of tLe Labor Division, 7Ar Industries Board, was submitted by Mr. Whitin for consideration. Moved by .:iss Van Kleeck, seconded by Lr. Whitin, tuat a resolution in generic terms approving the principles of the https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis War Labor policies Board - Minutes - August 16, 1918. -3pending bill permitting the employment of prison labor for government work, should be adopted, the resolution to be framed by :'Ass Van Kleeck with the advice of the Labor Division, War Industries Board. V. Motion carried unanimously. Moved by Miss Van Kleeck, seconded by Mr. Palfrey, that the fol- lowing resolution be adopted by the Board: "Whereas, there is no bureau or place at the present time where there is a complete file of Government contracts, and whereas, such a file is urgently needed by the Labor De -cartment and by other branches of the Government, particularly the War Industries Board; "BE IT RESOLVED that this Board authorize and instruct the Industrial Relations Section of the Bureau of Labor Statistics to be prepared at the earliest possible date to furnish weekly such information regarding contracts as (a) the various divisions of the Department of Labor may need, (b) other departments of the Government may require." Lotion carried unanimously. VI. A memorandum regarding conflicts between clauses adopted by the Board and clauses in use by government departments was submitted by Miss Abbott. It was the sense of the Board that the interpretation of the Board's policy in regard to uniform clauses as outlined in the memorandum should be adopted and government departments notified accordingly. VII. The Chairman reported that the representatives of the employers and employees in the metal trades and representatives of the Board had finally reached an agreement to establish a Board to standardize wages, hours, and working conditions and that such a Board would be organized in the near future. On Eotion duly made and seconded, the meeting was adjourned at 12:30 P.M. George L. Bell, Executive Secretary. WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD REPORT OF THE CaUEITTEE OF CONDITIONS OF LIATIEG (To be considered at the meeting to be held August 30th) In accordance with the instructions of the Board the Committee on Conditions of Living has discussed its recommendation for the establishment of a Commission on Living Conditions of War Workers with the Bureau of Education, Department of Interior and the U. S. Public Health Service. It finds that the former has no plans for making surveys or carrying out any program with reference to the education of children in war industry towns. The Chief of the Bureau says it will be glad to co- operate with the iiroposed Commission on Living Conditions in furnishing any expert advice on school problems. The Public Health service is planning to survey health conditions in all war industry towns and to provide health administration where necessary. The health and sanitation experts on the staff of the Commission on Living Conditions of War Workers will presumably consist of experts assigned by the Public Health service. The proposed commission, as suggested in the Committee report, will need to consult both of these bureaus as well as other governmental departments which are equipped to furnish services which will be needed, in order to jrevent duplication and misunderstanding and to avail itself of the aid and cooperation of such government services. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Signed Charles P. Powland, Chairman. WAR 1,21BOR POLICIES BOARD Minutes of Board Eeeting August L3, 1918. Present: I. Frankfurter, Chairman Coonley Drury Eyerly "Frayne Hammond Er. Hopkins Howe • Mr. Keefe Dr. Marshall Eiss Van Kleeck Er. Babson Er. Densmore Eiss Abbott Mr. Chenery Mr. Lamson Mr. Perkins Mr. Sivyer • Bell, Executive Secretary. Mr. Er. Er. • Er. The final report of the special Committee on Industrial Furloughs was submitted for consideration. Moved by Mr. Hopkins and seconded by Mr. Frayne that the report of the Committee be referred to the Comittee on the Relation of Military to Industrial Dan Power for consideration in connection with the general subject of industrial furloughs. Motion carried unanimously. The Chairman submitted a memorandum from Secretary Wilson re- II. questing the cooperation of the War Labor Policies Board in connection with the plans of the Information and Education Service for the creation of war industries committees or "loyalt committees" in plants engaged in war work. Moved by Mr. Hopkins and seconded by Er. arshall that the mem- bers of the Board should mal:e a survey in their respective aepartments https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis WAR LABOR 20LICIES BOARD Minutes of Board Meeting - August 23, 1918. in industrial of the methods in use in issuinL patriotic propaganda g of the Board plants, and that each member report at the next meetin suggestion in order that a plan for acting on Secretary Wilson's might be developed. III. motion carried unanimously. was subA report of the Comgittee on ConeLitions of Living mitted for consideration. the Chairman In accord with the expressed wishes of the Board, instructions to disreferred the report back to the Committee with ion, Department of the cuss its recomuendations with the Bureau of Educat such other government Interior, the U. 3. Public Health Service, and again at the ne-t agencies as may be directly.affected, and to report Board meeting. IV. Miss Van Kleeck reported on conferencesthat are being held in war with regard to emergency demands for women to do night work the matter industries, and asked that the members of the Board give a formal careful consideration in order that she might ask for resolution on this subject at the next meeting. On motion duly made and seconded, the meeting was adjourned at 12:45 P. L. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis George L. Bell, Executive Secret-ry. dAR LABOR POLICIES BOA]t12 Minutes of meeting August 30, 1918 Present: Mr. Frankfurter, Chairman Mr. Bass Mr. Coonley Mr. Densmore Mr. Diamond Er. Eyerley Mr. Frayne Er. Hammond Mx. Hopkins Mr. Howe Er. Keefe Miss Van K1eeck Miss Abbott Mr. Chenery nr. Lamson nr. r:eave Mr. Perkins Mr. Bell, Executive Secretary. I. The report of the Committee on Relation of Military to Industrial Power on the matter of indefinite furloughs in industry was renuered by the chairman, Mr. leave. Moved by Mr. Densmore, seconded by 1:x. Coonley, that the report be adopted as read and that it be sent to the 'Xr Department for immediate consideration and attention. notion carried unanimously. At t}le request of Mr. Eyerly, Yr. Neave stated that the recommendations of the committee would not so change the present practice of furloughing solaiers for harvest work as injuriously to affect agricultural interests. The report of the committee on Relation of Military to Industrial Man Power with regard to immediate amendments of the draft regulations was https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -2Aug. 30, 1916. War Labor 2olicies,L:inutes of Board Meeting. submitted by the chairman, Mr. :leave. It was eA.plained that the Provost Marshall General had deemed it necessary to take action on this report on Saturday, August 24th, so that it had been impossible to first submit the committee report to the Board. He also stated that the substance of the entire report and recommendations ?lave now been included in the regulations of the Provost Marshal General's of-Zice which are to be printed in separate pamphlets within the immediate future. Moved by Mr. Frayne, seconded by :Jr. Densmore, that the report of the committee with regard to the immediate amendments of the draft regulations, and the action of the committee in submitting the report to the Provost Larshal General's office be approved and ratified. Motion carried unanimously. The Committee on the Conditions of Living submitted a report in III. connection with matters referred back to it at the last meeting of the Board. Moved by Mr. Frayne, seconded by Li*. Densmore, that the Board strike out the section of the committee's report recom_iending the appointment of the members of the proposed Commission on Conditions of Living through the Civil Service Commission. The following members voted in favor of the motion: Messrs. Densmore Diamond, Frayne and Keefe. The following members voted in the negative: Miss Van Kleeck, Messrs. Bass, Coonley, Eyerly, lAmmond, Hopkins and ame. The motion was declared lost. Moved by Mr. Hopkins, seconded by Lr. Coonley, that the full report and recommen,..ations of the couLittee be accepted and approved. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis War Labor Policies Board Minutes of Board Meeting August 30, 1918. The following members voted in favor of the motion: Miss Van Kleeck, Lessrs. Bass, Coonley, Eyerly, Hammond, Hopkins and Howe. The following members voted in the negative: Messrs. Densmore, Diamond, Frayne and Keefe. The motion was declared passed. Messrs. Densmore, Diamond, Frayne and Keefe asked that it be recorded that they voted against accepting the full report of the committee merely because the Board had not eliminated the Civil Service appointment clause and that in other respects they were entirely in favor of the committee's report and recomflendations, IV. The Chairman submitted for consideration the recuest of tne Secretary of Labor that the Board consider the recomilendation and resolution adopted by the Committee of Labor, Council of National Defense, in favor of standard physical examinations of workers by the United States Employment Service, Department of Labor. Moved by Mr. Bass, seconded by Mr. Frayne, that the following resolution be adopted:- https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 9WHEREA-S, the War Labor Policies Board is of the opinion tat an adequate and impartial system of professional physical examinations and industrial clinics in connection with the United States Employment Service, as recommended by the Sub -Committee on Welfare Work, Committee on Labor, National Council of Defense, would make possible placement on the basis of physical fitness and would conserve tie health of the workers, but -4War Labor Policies Board Minutes of Board Meeting August 30, 1918 by the "WHEREAS, the attention of the Board has been called the fact to Service ent Employm Director of the United States of the up setting the with d occupie that that Service is fully ing recruit the for ry machine l necessary and complicated nationa of labor, and of the war have "WHEREAS, the Board is informed that the demands ans, physici greatly reduced the available supply of of the TJar Labor THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that it is the opinion recomPolicies Board that the nation-wide adoption of the plan and time, present the at icable mended is impract in a "FURTHER, that the Board recommend that the plan be tested in Service ent Dnploy:i States United few industrial centers by the of ent Departm , Service ons cooperation with the Working Conditi Labor, with a view to extending the work as the experirnents made and the development of the Employment Service warrant, "FURTER, that it is the sense of the Board that such a plan of centralizing physical examination of workers shall not tend to prevent either private employers or government departments from maintaining their awn systems of physical examinations and follow-up methods for the purpose of conserving the health of their employees". Motion carried unanimously. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis V. The Chairman reported that he expected to ask the Board to of take definite action at its next meeting on standardizing wages unsicilled labor. VI. The consideration of the plan for cooperating with the "Jar Industries Committees of the Lnformation and Education service, was delayeu until the next meeting. On motion duly made and seconded, the meeting was adjourned at 12:30 P.L. George L. Bell, Executive Secretary. WAR LABOR POLICIEj BOARD Minutes of Meeting September 6, 1918. Present: I. Mr. Frankforter, Chairman Mr. Bass Mr. Coonley idr. Diamond Mr. Eyerly Jr. Hammond Mr. Hopkins Mr. Howe Mr. Keefe :Jr. Lamson Er. Manning Dr. Marshall Mr. amythe Miss Van Kleeck Miss Abbott Mr. Gatchin6s Mr. Chenery Mr. Gans Tdr. Perkins Mr. Sivyer Mx. Bell, Executive Secretary. Messrs. Gundlach and Hawley of the Division of Information and Education, Apartment of Labor, were introduced by the Chair man and discussed the plans of that Service for the creation of war industries committees in plants engaged in war worK. II. Miss Van Kleeck presented a report on night work of women and a statement which she proposed for publication by the Board on this subject. After discussion, the Chairman announced that the question of night work of /omen was to be discussed at a conference called by the Priorities Jection of the War Industries Board during the afternoon. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis ,) WAR LABOR POLICIES BOA:, Minutes of Meeting September 6, 1918 on the matter be deferred It was the sense of the meeting that action the Board might be advised until 9 P. 1., September 6th, in order that of the outcome of the afternoon conference. from the Chief of the The Chairman read a communication President had allotted Children's Bureau advising the Board that the administration of the child to the Children's Bureau 4100,000 for the in government contracts. labor clause adopted by the Board and inserted IV. of Living in regard A report of the Committee on Conditions C. was submitted by Liss to the hospital situation in Washington, 1). Abbott. Board should not It was the sense of the meeting that the committee be instructed take formal action on this matter but that the ments of the government to deal independently with the various depart ary. and taice such action a4it deemed wise and recess ned On Lotion duly made and seconded the .3eeting was adjour at 11:20 A.. E. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis to reconvene at 9 P. M. ,*****# *******4 Meeting Reconvened at 9 P. M.: September 6, 1918. Present: Mr. Mr. Mr. Er. Er. Frankfurter, Chairman Bass Coonley Densmore Eyerly -3WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD Minutes of Meeting September 6, 1918 Mr. Frayne Mr. Hammond Mr. Howe Mr. Keefe Major Tully Miss Van Kleeck Miss Abbott Mr. Gatchings Mr. Gans Mr. Lamson Mr. Lowenthal Mr. Perkins Sivyer LIr. Bell, Executive Secretary I. The Chairman reported that he and other representatives of the Board had attended a conference on night work of women during the afternoon at the Priorities Section of the War Industries Board. It was the sense of the :leating tat a deleuation from the afternoon conference should be invited into the Board meeting to express their views on the subject. Accordingly, Messrs. Morrison, Leary, Duffy and Britton of the American Federation of Labor, stated to the Board their views on the subject. 'Miss Anderson, Assistant Director, Women in industry Service, Dis. Rantoul and Lieutenant Bird of the Ordnance Department, and Mr. Palmer, Commissioner of Labor of Pennsylvania, also expressed their opinions. The Board went into executive session at 11:30 P. M. Moved by Mr. Densmore, secondeu by Mr. Bass, that the Board endorse the general principles of the plan proposed as to night woilk https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD Minutes of Meeting September 6, 1918, 9 P. M. , of women submitted by tile Director of the Women in Industry Service d to Department of Labor; that the Chairman of the Board be directe in inform the Secretary of Labor of this endorsement and to explain detail to the Secretary the views expressed at this meeting of the of conBoard with regard to the methods for promulgating the plan trolling night work of women in essential war industries. Lotion carried unanimously. On motion duly made and seconded the meeting was adjourned at 1E:15 A. M., September 7th, 1918. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis George L. Bell, Executive Secretary. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 71Aii LABOR POLICIES BOARD Minutes of Meeting September 13, 1918. Present: I. Mr. Frankfurter, Chairman Mr. Diamond Mr. Eyerly Mr. Frayne Mr. Hammond Mr. Howe (came at 12m) Mr. Keefe Mr. McLane Dr. Marshall Ta". Palfrey Mr. 34ythe Miss Abbott Mr. Gans Mr. Lamson Mr. Lowenthal Lix. 'leave Mr. Perkins Mr. Sivyer Mr. Bell, Executive Secretary A report on civilian vocational training was submitted by Ur. :eave, chairman of the Committee on Relation of Military to Industrial Man-power. Moved by Mr. Smythe, seconded by Mr. Palfrey, that the report be received and taken up for final action at the next meeting of the Board. Motion carried unanimously. The Chairman requested Mr. Eyerly to send to the Secretary of the Board a draft of his proposed plan for co-operation by the Department of Agriculture to be considered by the Board as a proposed amendment to the report of the comittee. WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD Minutes of Meeting September 13, 1918. II. Mr. Hammond submitted a resolution in regard to conservation of man-power by some more efficient system of distribution of milk, ice and coal. Moved by Mr. Marshall, seconded by Mr. Palfrey, that the following resolution be adopted: https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis wAEREAS, because of power and the cost of is vitally interested delivering coal, ice, sumers; its bearing on the conservation of manliving, the War Labor Policies Board in the improvement of systeis for milk and other commodities to con- "BE IT RESOLVED, that the Chairman of the Board should present the matter to the appropriate government departments to work out methods for accomplishing such improvement at the earliest possible date." Lotion carried unanimously. III. The Chairman announced that the final details of the pro- gram for the conference of state factory inspectors on September 30th and October 1st are being worked out, and that thirtyfour state officials have accepted invitations to the conference. On motion duly made and seconded the meeting was adjourned at 12:15 P. M. George L. Bell, Executive Jecretary. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis dAR LABOR POLICIES BOAILD Meeting of September 20, 1918 at 10 A. M. MINUTES Present: Mr. Frankfurter, Chairman Mr. Bass Mr. Diamond Mr. Werly Mr. Frayne Mr. HWIamond Mr. Howe Mr. Keefe Mr. Marshall Major Tully Mr. Tyler Miss Van Kleeck Miss Abbott Mr. Alpine Mr. Chenery Mr. Gans Mr. I;awley Mr. Lamson 1114 Smythe Er. Sivyer Mr. Gans, Acting Secretary. The report of the committee on Price Control was presented to I. the Board. After discussion it was voted that the report be referreu back to the comnittee for the purpose of 1. Rephrasing the Resolutions of the Committee. 2. Recommending a definite plan for the fixing of prices, 3. Permitting an opportunity for the chairman of the War Labor Policies Board to confer with the members of the lttr industries Board on a price-fixing program. II. The recommendations of the conference of the Chairman of the Labor Boards were presented to the Board. aiscussed and adopted separately. The resolutions were The Resolutions as finally amended and adopted read as follows: WAR LABOR POLICIEi Bad:LD Eeeting of September 20, 1918. -2_ FIRST: All wage-adjusting agencies regulating workinE conditions on government work should se coverned by the same standards for the same trades in ti.e sar.le localities as to the length of work day, wage scales, pay for over-time, Saturday half-holiday and general holidays. Mr. Tyler and 11r. Keefe, representing the Railruad Administra:ihich tion, withheld assent to that part of this resolution , includes a standard working day, time and one-half for overti :e, and Saturday half holiday. SECOND: All wage-adjusting agencies should attempt to standardize wages and other labor conditions either nationally or in zones, and should keep informed regarding zones fixed by other boards and conform to them so far as is practicable. The scales fixed by the various agencies fur employees on government work should be equitably fixea scales with such reasonable variations as the v4rious agencies may determine. THIRD: When conditions creating a necessity therefor shall arise, wagg differentials may be established in favor of dhipward employees. The necessity for and extent of such differentials shall be ascertained by the Committee of representatives created by Section 5. FOURTH: A clear statement as to the national labor policy in reference to readjustments of wages to conform to changes in the cost of living should be Liade by the President. FIFTH: A cominittee of representatives of the governmental wage adjusting agencies should be established to meet at regular intervals for the purpose of exchangint information and promoting uniformity and stability in reference to matters under their jurisdiction, https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD Meeting of September 30, 1918. SIXTH: Effective measures should be taken by the 1Nar Industries Board and other governmental agencies to prevent sub-contractors and firms engaged in non-war work from disturbing the standards established on government work by the labor adjustment agencies. SEVENTH: Provisions in existing agreements not in harmony with the declared national policy should be modified as soon as practicable to conform to such policy. EIGHTH: The President should make a public announcement of the national labor policy as outlined above and the reasons tilerefor. Upon motion duly made and seconded, the meeting adjourned at 1:25 P. M. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis J. M. Gans, Acting Secretary. WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD Meeting of September 27th, 1918 at 10 A. M. EINUTE6 Present: I. Frankfurter, Chairman Coonley Diamond Donlin Ehrmann Eyerly Mr. Hammond Mr. Howe Er. Keefe Major Tully Miss Van Kleeck Miss Abbott Mr. Alpine Mr. Chenery Mr. Densmore Mr. Gans Mr. Lamson Mr. Lowenthal Mr. Sivyer Mr. Gans, Acting Secretary. Mr. Mr. Mr. Mr. Mr. The report of the Committee on Relation of Military to In- dustrial Man-power dealing with the subject of Vocational Training, was discussed by the Board. It was voted to adopt the report and resolutions of the committet, and to incorporate in the same the central thought underlying the memorandum of Mx. Eyerly. The Chairman appointeu a Committee consisting of Er. Bammond, Mr. Eyerly and Miss Van Kleeck to rephrase the resolutions in order to conform with the motion as passed by the Board. II. The resolutions and report of the Committee on Price Control were submitted to the Board. After discussion the report was referre, to an Interim Committee consisting of Miss Van Kleeck, Mr. Hammond and Er. Gans, and the committee withdrew in order to prepare further resolu- https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis --•••••. WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD -2tions. Minutes of Meeting September 27, 1918. After conference, the Committee presented its report with suggested resolutions. After discussion it was voted to adopt the resolu- tions with amendments. The resolutions as finally amended and adopted, read as follows: "WHEREAS the War Labor Policies Board in its task of formulating labor policies during the war recognizes the intimate relation of the cost of the necessities of life to the success of a labor policy, and the influence of a belief that profits in these commodities are excessive in causing industrial unrest WHEREAS the successful formulation of a practical labor policy depends upon large production of the necessities of life, price stabilization and the elimination of inequitable profits. THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED that the War Industries Board, the Food Administration, the :Apartment of Agriculture, and the Fuel .dministration be requested to proceed as rapidly as possible with the formulation and enforceLent of plans for the increase in production of the necessities of life for the stabilization of the prices of food, textiles, clothing and other necessities, and for the equitable limitation of profits." III. The Chairman reported that further conferences of the representa- tives of labor adjustment agencies had ueen held and resolutions would be presented to the President embodying the reconnenaations of the conference. IV. Upon inquiry by Er. Hovm concerning deferment of classification for unskilled labor, it was decide si to call upon 1.1r. Lamson and Er. Densmore for the preparation of statistics concerning the shortage of unskilled Labor which should be presented at the next Board meeting. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis LABOil POLICIES BOARD. —3— Minutes of L:eeting September 27, 1918. V. Board had been The Chairman announced that the Metal Trades approved and would be established during the next week. VI. Commission on The approval of the recommendations for a the Commission to Conditions of Living was announced by the Chairman, on. be a division of the Bureau of Industrial Housing and Transportati VII. of State The Chairman made the announcement of the conference Londay, officials charged with enforcement of State Labor Laws, on -Jar Labor September 30th and Tuesday, October 1st, at the office of the Policies Board. adjourned Upon motion duly made and seconded, the meeting was at 12:30 P. U. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis J. M. Gans, Assistant Secretary. WAR LABOR POLICIES BOIARI) Minutes of Meeting October ll, 1918. Present: LIr. Coonley, Acting Chairman. Mr. lzury Mr. Frayne Major Gitchell Mr. Harmond Er. Keefe Er.Spayth Miss Van Kleeck Liss Abbott Mr. Chenery Yr. Gans Mr. Lamson, Mr. Bell, Executive Secretary Mr. Coonley presided as Chairman at the request of LT. Frankfurter, who was unable to be present. I. The Executive Secretary submitted a statement by the Chairman of the Board outlining the accomplishments of the Board which have tended to stimulate production and suggesting the creation of a committee of representatives of the production departments of the government to make further investiLations and recommendations in connection with this problem. Moved by Mr. Frayne, seconded by Miss Van Kleet, that the Chairman's report be accepted and that he be authorized to appoint a committee on Stimulation of Production; the membership of the committee to include representatives from the 7Jar and Navy Jepartments, Emergency Fleet Corporation, Fuel Administration, War Industries Board and also representatives of labor and employers. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Motion carried unanimously. Linutes of the Board - October 11, 1918. -2_ II. ps After discussion, it was agreed that the Chairman of the Board be requested to conduct an investigation of the operation of the plan of inaustrial exemptions drawn up by the committee on the Relation of itary to Industrial Lan-power and subsequently adopted by this Board and the(Frovost 1.-iarshal General; the Chairman to submit a report in this matter at the earliest possible date. Coonley left at 10:4b and requested Frayne to take the chair. III. Mr. Grant Hamilton, Director of the Working Conditions Service, Department of Labor, and DT. Alice Hamilton, chairman of his committee on a Sanitary Code for the Explosives industry, were invited into the meeting to submit the code as drafted by the committee. After discussion, it was the sense of the meeting that the report should be referred back to the committee to consider the new clause sugested by Mr. Hamilton with reference to the length of tne working day for process workers. Moved by ifiss Van Kleeck, seconded by Mr. Smyth, that the Executive Secretary request the War and Navy Departments to consider the Sanitary Code submitted by this committee and to present their recomendations to this Board before the next meeting in order that one uniform code may be adopted for all government departments. Motion carried unanimously. IV. Miss Van Kleeck sabmitted a tentative draft of standards governing the employment of women in industry and asked that Board members give it careful consideration before tne next meeting. On motion duly made and seconded the meeting was adjourned at 12:15 P. M. George L. Bell, Executive Secretary. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD Hinutes of Meeting October 18, 1918. Present: I. Yr. Frankfurter, Chairman Mr. Bass Eyerly Er. Hammond Mr. Keefe Mr. myth Major Tully Miss Van Kleeck Miss Abbott Mr. Chenery Mr. Gans Mr. Bell, '.,;xecutive 6ecretary. The consideration of the sanitary Code for the Explosives Industry was postponed to the next meeting of the Board as the Working Conditions Service, Department of :iabor, reported that they had not yet reached an agreement with the War Department with regard to certain chances. II. Miss Van Kleeck submitted a tentative draft of Standards Govern- ing Employment of Women in industry. After several changes were agreed upon in the draft, it was moved by Mr. Smyth and seconded by Major Tully that the standards be approved and adopted by the Board, including the changes indicated during the meeting and omitting all references to the Railroa Adminis d tration; and tnat the Chairman appoint a special committee with power to cbance phraseology and to make mandator ei require ments hortatory. carried unanimously. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Motion -LMinutes of Board Meeting War Labor Policies Board October 18, 1918. special committee for this The Chairman appuinted the following purpose: III. and Er. Cans. Major Tully, Eiso Abbott, Mis Van Kleeck Board create The Chairman submitted a suggestion that the ion of general insurance a committee to investigate and report on the Quest for war workers. that the Chairman appoint Moved by Mr. byth, seconded by Eajor Tully possible uate on the a committee to report to the Board at the earliest adopting a general advisability and practicability of the government insurance plan for war workers. Motion carried unanimously. at 12:30 P.M. On motion duly made and seconded the meeting adjourned https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis George L. Bell, Executive Secretary. WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD MINUTES OF MEETING October 25, 1918. Present: Mr. Frankfurter, Chairman Mr. Bass Mr. Ayerly Mr. Hammond Mr. He Asst. Secy. Roosevelt Mr. Smyth Major Tal4 Miss Van Kleeck Miss Abbott Mr. Chenery Mr. Gans Mr. Perkins Mr. GaAs, Acting Secretary IL The Chairman announced that Colonel Wolf had. consented to act as chairman of the Committee on Industrial Insurance. Assistant Secretary of the Navy Roosevelt discussed his observations an the labor situation in England and France as compared with that in America at the present time. Miss Van Kleeck presented the present situation regarding women in industry and discussed briefly the proposed standards to be established. Mr. Smyth presented the point of view of the Employ- ment Service and the Community Labor Boards in this matter. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD MINUTES OF MEETING, October 25, 1918, - 2 ed in After a considerable discussion of the st?..tndards involv by Mr. Howe and the gerkra.1 problem of wcmen in industry, it was moved ur day and a seconded that an eight-hour day with a maximum of a ten-ho women in indusmaxim= fifty-five hour week should be effective for all try frcm January 1, 1919. The Motion was carried unanimously. On motion duly made and seconded, the meting adjourned at 12:15 P. M. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis John M. Gaus Acting Secretary WAR LABOR FOLICUM BOARD MINUTES OF MEETING November 1, 1918. Present: Mr. Felix Frankfurter, Chairman Mr. Bass Mk. Diamond Mk. 4rerly Mr. Frayne Mr. Hanmond Mr. Keefe Mr. Smyth Capt. Norton Major Tully Miss Van Kleedk Miss Abbott Mr. Chenery Mr. Gams Mr. Lamson Mk. Bell, Executive Secretary I. At the request of the Chairman, Mr. Grant Hamilton, Director of the Working Conditions Service, Department of Labor, reported that there 'were still some minor points that his Division and the Ordnance Department had not been able to agree on in connection mith the Sanitary Code for the Explosives Industry. He requested that the matter be held in abeyance. Moved by Mr. Frayne, seconded by Major Tully, that consideration of the Sanitary Code be deferred in order that Mr. Hamilton can continue in his efforts to reconcile all difference on the Code. Motion carried unanimously. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD Minutes, Meeting of November 1, 1918, page 2. Mr. Smyth, Acting Director-General of the Employment Service, made a report an the unskilled labor situation. He announced that be- Board proposing fore the next meeting he would send a memorandum to the d a new program for the centralized recruiting of skille labor. The te with Chairman of the Board suggested to Mr. Smyth that he op-opera the Woman in the Directors of the Dilution and Training Service and Industry Service in preparing this program. At the request of the Chairman, Mr. Clayton, Director of the sed his plans Dilution and Training Service, Department of Labor, discus Mr. McMullen, Directfor the development of the work of this Service. ted plans for the or of the Dilution Section of the Service, presen organization of his Section. of the . It was the sense of the meeting that the Directors e, Woman in Industry Employment Service, Dilution and Training Servic ries Board should hold a Service and a representative of the War Indust in connection with dilution. conference to devise a plan of co-operation ned On motion duly made and seconded the meeting was adjour at 12:15 P. M. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis George L. Bell, Executive Secretary. WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD Meeting of November 8, 1918. MINUTES Present: Mr. Frankfurter, Chairman Mt. Bass Mr. Diamond Mr. Eyerly Mr. Hammond Mr. Keefe Asst. Seo'y. Roosevelt Mr. Smyth Major Tully Miss Van Kleeck Miss Abbott Mr. Babson Mr. Chenery Mr. Gans Mr. Lamson Mr. Lowenthal Mr. Gaus, Acting Secretary. I. Mr. Smyth discussed the question of the extension of the Central Labor Recruiting Program of the U. S. Employment Service. It as explained that this has been laid on the table for the present. There vas a general discussion of the problems of demobilize,. tion, conversion and reconstruction. The Chairman stated that he would send a questionnaire to the Board members asking for Immediate information concerning the existing machinery for dealing with labor problems necessary functions of the government relating to labor at the close of the var and recommendations concerning the necessary organization in order to perform these functions. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The meeting was adjourned at 11:45 P. M. John M. Gaus, Acting Secretary. VAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD MIMES OF MEWING November 22, 1918. Present; Mr. Frankfurter Mr. Dianond Mr. Ehrman Mr. Hammond Mr. Howe Mr. Roosevelt Major Tully Miss Van Kleeck Mr. Wilcox Mr. Perkins Me. Smyth Mr. Gans Mr. Logenthal Mr. Bell, Executive Secretary I. At the request of the Chairman there was general discussion of the advisability of utilizing or continuing the Industrial Relations and Adjustment Sections of the various government dqpartments either in the departments where thqy are now located or through the Department of Labor. It was the sense of the meeting that the Board should request from all such sections their definite suggestions as to what functions, if any, they should continue. Mr. Smyth requested the opinion of the Board concerning the discontinuance of the restrictions placed upon newspaper advertisements for labor. It was the sense of the meeting that before any restrictions were removed the Chairman of the Board should call into conference the representatives of the Newspaper Publishers Association and the National Association of Advertising Clubs, in order that their https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis WAR LABOR POLICIES 30ARD MINUTES OF METING November 22, 1918. 2. assistance might be obtained in developing a plan for the proper regulation and supervision of advertisements for labor by voluntary agreement. On motion duly made and seconded the meeting was adjourned at 11:30 A. M. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis George L. Bell, Executive Secretary, WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD MINUTES OF MEETING December 7, 1918. Present: Mr. Frayne Mr. Diamond Mr. Keefe Mr. Smyth Major Tully Mr. Wilcox Miss Winslow Mr. Perkins Mr. Lowenthal Mr. Bell, Executive Secretary. Mr. Fr ayne presided at the request of the Chairman of the Board who was out of the city. I. The Executive Secretary presented the weekly labor reports prepared by the Employment Service for the use of the War Department and War Industries Board in connection with the cancellation of contracts. The reports 'were discussed and explained by Mr. Smyth. Major Tully presented a proposed resolution for the regula- tion of newspaper advertisements for labor. After discussion of the proposed resolution, it vas the sense of the meeting that it Nb.ould be referred to the Chairman of the Board in order that he might have it redrafted to meet the objections raised by various members. Er. Frayne announced that at the next meeting of the Board the Chairman 'would request an expression of opinion from all members as to whether the regular meetings should be discontinued and the Board meet only on call of the Chairman. TV. On motion duly made and seconded the meeting was adjourned at 12 M. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis George L. Bell, Executive Secretary. MR LABOR POLICIES BOARD MINUTES Meeting, December 13, 1918. Present: Mr. Frankfurter, Chairman Miss Anderson Mr. Diamond Mr. Frayne Mr. Hammond Mr. Smyth Mr. Wilcox Mr. Perkins Mr. Bell, kkecutive Secretary. The Chairman presented the current weekly report on the labor market issued by the Employment Service for the consideration and information of the Board. The Chairman asked for an expressian of opinion as to 'whether the Board dhould continue to meet each Friday or should only meet on °all of the Chairman or the request of some Board member. After a full discussion, it was the sense of the meeting that the Board should continue to function indefinitely in order to co-ordinate the policies of the various departments in connection with industrial and labor matters; that the Chairman should be authorised to recommend to the Secretary of Labor that the Board be ealarded by the addition of representatives from the Department of Commerce, Department of Interior, Post-Office Department, Treasury Department and Vocational Educational Board; that in order to preserve continuity of thought and action the Board should meet regularly on each Friday. The revised resolution on the regulation of newspaper advertisements for labor vas presented. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Minutes of Meeting, War Labor Policies Board, December 13, 1918. After discussion it was moved by Mr. Frayne, Seconded by Mr. Hanmond that the following resolution be adopted and recommended to the Secretary of Labor for promulgation: https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis "WHEREAS, one of the most practical helps rendered by the United States Employment Service to employers during the war was the substantial elimination of a type of advertising for labor that proved exceedingly mischievous and harmful to in.. which elimination was accomplished by setting up certain rules which employers by common consent agreed were necessary and vise, and "clearing" help wanted advertising through the local representative of the United States Employment Service, and "WHEREAS, this procedure has worked so satisfactorily that the service finds a very considerable body of opinion voicing a wish that some measures at least of this practice be continued while industry is trying to get settled into its peace stride, and, 'WHEREAS, not only will a continuation of this procedure be helpful to employers as between themselves, but where an employer thus identifies himself with the policy of the National Government his advertising by inspiring confidence will attract more and better applicants, giving him a certain priority, "RESOLVED, that it be recanmended that the United States Employment Service issue a license to any employer requesting it and permit such employer to print in his advertising the f" phrase "United States Employment Service License No. upon the following conditions: (1) That no menticai shall be made in the advertising of the amount of wages to be paid. (2) That the methods of hiring employees shall not cause undue loss of time or hardship to applioants. (3) That the advertising be not misleading. (4) That where the employer seeks advertising to attract applicants from distant cities there is always the likelihood of a large surplus of applicants. In order to avoid resulting hardships all advertising of this sort must carry a statement that persons outside of the city where the employment is offered must report to the nearest office of the United States Minutes of Meeting, War Labor Policies Board, December 13, 1918. Employment Service in order to ascertain if the advertised openings still exist before going to the city where the work is offered; and, furthermore, the advertiser must submit to the office of the United States Employment Service in his own city a fall statement of all the conditions of employment for the information of Applicants, such statement to be transmitted by the Employment Service to all offices in other cities where the advertisement may Appear. Motion carried unanimously. On motion duly made and seconded the meting was adjourned at 11:45 A. M. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis George L. Bell, Executive Secretary. WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD MINInES OF MErING December 20,• 1918. Present: Major Tully, Acting Chairman Mr.Ehrman Mr. Hamnond Mr. Smyth Miss Van Kleeck Mr. Wilcox Mr. Bell. Executive Secretary Mr. Frankfurter opened the meeting and turned the chair over to Major Tully, as he had to attend a conference called by the Secretary of Labor. The veekly report of the Employment Service on labor conditions was presented for the information of the Board. Mr. H. G. Moulton of the Staff of the War Labor Policies Board was called in to explain the chart on readjustment problems prepared for the Board and to discuss a proposed program for encouraging public corks. After discussion on the above subjects the meeting was adjourned at 11s30 A. M. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis George L. Bell, Executive Secretary. WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD MINUTES OF IMPTING January 3, 1919. Present: Mr. Frankfurter, Chairman W. Diamond Mr. Munn= Mr. Frayne Captain Norton Mr. Smyth Mr. Wilcox Mr. Bell, Executive Secretary The Chairman announced that the Secretary of Labor had approved the recommendation of the Board to have representatives an the Board appointed from the Department of Commerce, the Department of the Interior, the Post Office Department, the Treasury Department and the Vocational Education Board. The Chairman also announced that the Secretary had asked him as Assistant to the Secretary to take dharge of the stimulation of public works by states and cities. There was a general discussion of the weekly report an labor conditions. The Executive Secretary read a report on probable emigration of foreign born residents of the United States, prepared by Mr. Marcus of the Employment Service in cooperation with the Executive Secretary. Moved by Mr. Smyth and seconded by Mr. Wilcox that the Chairman be authorized to submit the report with the recammondations contained therein to the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Labor and the Postmaster General and to do everything within his power to see that the recommendations are carried out. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Unanimously carried. Minutes of Meeting, War Labor Policies Board, January 3, 1919. Moved by Mr. Smyth and seconded by Mr. Wilcox that the an Chairman direct the Administrative Staff of the Board to make investigation as to the possibilities of the Federal Government ip agencies controlling misrepresentation and exploitation by steamsh who are attempting improperly to induce the emigration of foreign born residents. Motion carried unanimously. On motion duly made and seconded, meeting adjourned at 12:00 M. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis George L. Bell Execu tive Secretary. VAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD MINUTES OF MEEZEING January 10, 1919. Present: I. Mr. Frankfurter, Chairman Mr. Diamond Mr. airman Mr. Frewne Mr. Smyth Miss Van neeck Mr. Wilcox Mr. O'Brien Mr. Gans, Secretary Pro-tern Mr. Smyth reported a progressive increase in unemployment with an acute situation in the industrial sections of Connecticut relieved somewhat by the absorption of skilled workers in the Shipping Industry. Among the problems with which the Employment Service is confronted he reported (1) the disposition of workers who had been trained to perform a single operation to regard themselves as skilled workers and to refuse employment as common laborers; (2) a disposition on the part of men discharged from the contonments to refuse to return to their homes, to congregate in the large cities, to refuse their old jobs and to insist upon employment in other lines upon a scale of wages which the situation rendered impossible; (3) the refusal of the War Department to demobilize key men whereby in many instances the full resumption of industries in which some of the unemployed might be absorbed was prevented. It was unanimously resolved that the Chairman and Mr. Smyth be directed to confer with the Secretary of War and to present to him the view of the Board that a uniform policy favoring discharges of key men in industry and agriculture be adopted and enforced throudhout the cantonments. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Minutes of Meeting, War Labor Policies Board, January 10, 1919, (2) II. In connection with the general employment situation Mr. s Frayne reported that strikes had been caused in New York by the attempt pay and of certain small business houses to increase hours and reduce ed in emalso that in one instance one of the larger firms had succeed 300 an hour ploying laborers sent to it by the Employment Service at as against the heretofore prevailing rate of 454. III. Mr. Diamond reported that a critical situation was being created in the coal industry by the Railroad Administration which was compelling the mines to deliver coal to it at a price below the He cost of production as ascertained by the Federal Trades Commission. summarized the situation as follows: The railroads absorb about 1/3 of the bituminous coal produced in the country. Through the control of coal cars the Administration is practically in a position to dictate the terms at which coal shall be delivered to it. It has exercised this power to compel the delivery at an arbitrary price below the cost of production. These facts were presented to the Fuel Administration by the Executive Committee of the National Coal Association representing 80% of producers of bituminous coal and has been the subject of protest also by representatives of the coal miners. The Fuel Administrator has investigated and is satisfied that the complaint is well founded and is endeavoring to persuade the Railroad Administration to abandon the policy. Unless the policy is abandoned there will result either an and the attempt to reduce wages WhiCh will probably result in a strike to shutting down of mines, or a large increase in the price charged the general consuming public. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis authorised It was unanimously resolved that the Chairman be Minutes of Meeting, War Labor Policies Board, January 10, 1919, (3) to make such investigations as he might deem appropriate and to report at the next meeting of the Board in order that the Board might make appropriate recommendations to the Railroad Administration and take suCh other steps as might be deemed advisable to procure a reversal of this poliow, with power in the interval to take such steps to that end as he might deem appropriate. IV. The Chairman reported that pursuant to the resolution adopted at the meeting of January 3, 1919, he had submitted to the Acting Secretary of State the report on the probable emigration of foreign born residents of the United States to the Balkans and that the Acting Secretary had announced his intention of forwarding the report to the peace mission. V. Mr. Frayne expressed views upon the probability of an influx of women iikmigrants and it was resolved that the Chairman should suggest to the State Department the advisability of directing the consular service to seek information on the subject. On motion duly made and seconded the meeting adjourned at 12 M. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis HOWARD S. GANS, Secretary Pro-tern. WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD MINUTES OF MEETING Jamary 17, 1919. Present: I. Mass Aniersan Mr. Diamond Mr. Ehrman Mr. Smyth Mr. Wilcox Mr. O'Brien Mr. Bell, Executive Secretary. The Executive Secretary stated that the Chairman had been called be present to Nem York on urgent government business and could not at the meeting. and, after disII. Mr. 'Smyth presented a chart of the labor situation an of the Board cussion, it vas the sense of the meeting that the Chairm War with regard to should be directed to confer 'with the Secretary of more emphasis making changes in the demobilization plans in order that shall be placed on Order 77 of the War Department. It 'was also the sense of the meeting that the Chairman should al Defense that the urge upon the Chairman of the Council of Nation ries and encourage Council make a study of the situation in all indust and aid in re-establishing the industries an a peace basis. on had agreed III. Mr. Diamond reported that the Railroad Administrati than prevailto cease the practice of forcing the sale of coal at less be further ing market prices and that therefore this matter need not considered by the Board for the present. On motion duly mmde and seconded the meeting 'was adjourned at 11:15 A. M. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis George L. Bell, Executive Secretary. WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD MINUTES OF MEETING January 24, 1919. Present: Mr. Frankfurter, Chairman Mr. Dianond Mr. Ehrnan Mr. Hoge Miss Van Kleeck Mr. Wilcox Mr. Gans Mr. O'Brien Mr. Gaus, Acting Secretary. 1. Mr. Frankfurter presented the labor situation in the needle trades in Bev York City and outlined the settlement of the garment workers' strike. 2. A general discussion of the present labor situation facing the various departments and the necessity for unanimous consideration and action was held. 3. It was the sense of the meeting that the Chairman invite Secretary Morrison of the American Federation of Labor to be present at the next meeting of the board to present the International prpgram of the Federation. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The meeting as adjourned at 12:30 P. M. John M. Gaus, Acting Secretary. MERTING WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD. February 11, 1919. Present: Mr. Frankfur ter, Chairman Mr. Hove Dr. Wilcox Mr. Densmore Miss Van Kleeck Mr. Gans Mr. Gaus, Secretary. I. Mr. Frankfurter announced his resignation as Assistant to the Secretary of Labor and as Chairman of the War Labor Policies Board, be terminated and that the Secretary of Labor had directed that the Board by May. There vas a general discussion of the necessity for the continuing of an inter-departmental board to coordinate the work of the various labor adjus tment agencies of th e government Mr. He IV. as chosen as temporary chairman of the Board. It vas decided that a meeting should be held on Friday, February ation to 14th at 10 A. M. to discuss the advisability of some organiz carry on 'the work of the Board. V. The temparazy chairman appointed Mr. Wilcox and Mr. Densmore rter's as a Committee to prepare resolutions regarding Mr. Frankfu services to the War Labor Policies Board for the signatures of the members. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The meeting was adjourned at 11:15 A. M. J. M. Gaus, Secretary. WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD MINUTES OF MEETING February 14, 1919. Present: Mr. Have, Chairman Mr. King Mr. Christie Mr. Wilcox Mr. Llirmann Mr. Diamond Mr. Densmore Miss Van Kleeek Gaus, Secretary. J Mr. Densmore ;resented resolutions concerning Mr.. Frankfurter's services to the War Labor Policies Board for the committee previously instructed to prepare such resolutions. It as moved by Mr. Diamond and seconded by Mr. Christie that these resolutions be adopted. The motion as voted unanimously. The Chairman asked Mr. Diamond to ascertain from the officials of the A. F. of L. what their attitufte would be tatard the establishment of an inter-departmental board to vhich labor could state its program and desires. The Chairman also requested Miss Van Kleeck to do the same for the women's trade unions. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis It as decided to hold another meeting on Friday, February 21. The !meting adjourned at 11:30 A. M. J. U. Gaus Secretary. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis R4pjLUTION OF TT.; https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis cor:J.A.!r_44 TH:1; ENFORCEY2la JF STATE LABOR LAys. July 26, 1916. BE IT RESOLVED, that the head of each department placing contracts be asked to desicnate State Labor Departments or Industrial Commissions as his duly authorized rerresentatives to enforce this provision of tne contracts, (see attached form) such designation to be made for each state separately on recommendation of the :- ,ar Labor Policies Board based on tne effectiveness of the organization for enforcement in each state. ADED. In order to insure the enforcement of the provisions of the contracts that all work required in carrying them out shall be performed in full compliance with. the laws of the state, territory or District of Columbia, where such labor is performed. BE IT RES,)LVED, that te head of each department placing contracts be asked to designate duly authorized representatives to enforce this rrovision of the contracts, such designation to he -4(.10 on recommendation of the 'oar Labor Policies Ba.Ird." LABOR POLICIES BOARD Aui-ust 14, 1918. REPORT JF '2HE' COM:L121,2 To the War Labor Policies Board: OF ETATE LABOR LAWS. (To be considered August 16th,1918) The Committee recommends that all State bodies duly autrized by their states to enter factories for the purrose of enforcing state faetory laws, be designated to consult with and assist the Federal Government in enforcing contract clfauses. In some States more than one body is so authorised. If a for:r111 designation is given to each one, it will avoid local friction and will leave the federal authori- ties free to use any that prove to give valuable assistance. On the other hand, such a designation will not bind the government to work through these bodies. The fact that part of the inspection will be carried on directly by federal officials will be made clear to them. It is recommended that this designation be made by the :.AEkeretary of War, the Secretary of the Navy, the Executive Chairman of the Shiping Board and the President of t:.e United States Housing Corporation. Appended is a form letter to be sent to the Governors, a copy going at the same time to each official to be designated. recommends that these letters be sent immediately. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Committee WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD -2-. REPORT OF COMM:TM ON ENFORCT:',..:a;T. OF TATE LABOR LAVS. (To be considered August 16th, 1918) The follming form of designation is submitted by to ComAttee: "The (Secret.ry of War or Secretary of Navy) hereby desig, or his successor, as his duly autiiorized nates loom** with the federal government with respect cooperate representative to performed in...........(state), and to be to work for to contracts ilsLohalf and on behalf of the various on make specified inspections .)f the (War or Navy) Departa.nd officer.; bureaus, contracting with said department, contracts t.no of ment, to enforce the provisioas all work done in the requir1n4: agencies, its officers, bureaus and with the laws compliance full (state) to be performed in in regard to labor of..........(state)." Yontsurgested 4 Mr. Howe "The (Secretary of Viar or L4loretary of Navy) hereby desio. nates the Secretary of Labor or his duly authorized representative with respect to inspection and enforcement of the clauses in this contract as to conditions and hours of labor, on his behalf and on behalf of the various bureaus, eontractinc officers andsconcies of the (7ar or Navy) Department, to enforce said provisions of trio contracts with said department, its officer, bureaus aad a:encies, and as his authorized representative for the enforcement r)f t e provisions of this contract, re.......(state) to be performed in full quirin- all work done in (state)." compliance with the laws f https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis WAR LABOR POLICIES BOARD DRAFT OF raL2GRAM TO GO TO STATE GOVERNORS RE ::.flliCE:ENT OF STATE LITS (For consideration at meeting of August 16th, 1918) To: The Governor of (name of ',L-L(;) I. The .ar Labor Policies Board, appointed to unify the labor policies of the Federal Govrnment, has prepared various contract clauses which affect industrial relations. All future contracts given out by They make certain government departments will include these clauses. requirements such as the restriction of child labor and of convict labor and the observance of all State factory laws. II. It is planned to designate to ,r9er officials in each state to consult with and assist the federal authorities who are responsible for enforcing t,ese regulations and who will, to some extent, maintain inspection services of their awn. III. For this purpose, the 'oar Labor Policies Board requests your cooperation in carrying out this policy. It intends to desi7nate )or his successor (their (and successors) for this work and hopes that you will direct to assict the federal authorities. (them) It will be of great advantage for a representative from his (their) department ( or board) to attend a conference of federal and state officials, to be held in dashington on ..eptember 16th and 17th. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Will you kindly wire what action you have taken, collect? Felix Frankfurter, Chairman V;ar Labor Policies board. WAR LABOR POLICIEL BOARD. August 14, 1918. My dear Miss Van KleecksI am sending you a list of the state officials to Le designated. There are some other workers in our organization to whom we will send special invitations to t e Conference. Miss Abbott has sureested t. t tc.cro lo several newly created 7omen's Divisions whose representatives you may wish to invite. If you will send me a list of these I till see that they are i cluded. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Very truly yours, PROGEAM iOR MOBILIZING kOR INDUSTRIES DURING THE WAR. September 8, 1918. The title is intended to focus attention upon the immediate problem. It does not express a conviction that the plans laid should assume that the position of women is merely temporary, but that the task is immediate, practical, and urgent. The extent of the shortage of labor is a moot question. Undoubtedly the tendency to explain inadequate production of munitions as due primarily to lack of labor and to advance the employment of women as a complete remedy is exaggerated and unprofitable* But the fact that the number of women is actually increasing in occupations hitherto not filled by them is undoubted and it is equally true that women constitute the only reserve force of labor to be drawn upon to fill tne places of ttle very large number of men now to be added to the military service. The federal government has several agencies which toucn the problem, but their combined total at best would be inadequate and at present they are at work without a program, without a united policy, without leadership and without sufficient machinery to deal even witii a fraction of the administrative problems involved. The task to be accomplished suggests the program. THE TASKS Tp 1. BE ACCOLPLIURED The industries of the country must be mapped out to show not only those essential to production for the war but those necessary for civilian life in the country. That is to say, the guide which a definition of essential industries furnishes to local draft boards in determining exemptions, or to the 7iar Industries Board in determining priorities, is not entirely adequate to a determination of the occupations in which women will be needed. Consideration https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis of their work demands a more exteaded view of the economic life of the country, and it will be desirable to urge the introduction of women into occupations from which men should be rapidly withdrawn. This consideration in itself makes it necessary to view the problems of women's employment from a different angle from men's -work at this. moment and necessitates a special machinery for dealing with it. 2. On the basis of this broad outline of the economic needs of the country a program should be formulated for the most effective use Of women's work with a careful plan in advance for extending their employment as tie need increases. 3. The successful formulation of a program for the extended employment of women in new occupations depends at the outset upon a clear and specific statement of standards for physical health and safety based upon actual investigation and experiment in typical industries. This does not necessitate detailed study in all the industries since certain operations are found in many occupations and tests developed may be applied in a large number of others, - for example, weights to be lifted, types of control of machinery, posturreat work, materials to be nandied, and hazards encountered through dust, fumes, exposure to heat or cold and other conditions of the process or its environment. In brief, fairly rapid work can be done to furnish a guide sufficiently safe for local application if machinery for continuing observation can be provided. 4. Closely related to time standards for physical safet is the engineering task involved in adapting machinery to women, and rearranging processes to mace their employment possible and productive. 5. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Standards and policies must also be worked out regarding the al relations. fundamentally important problems, wages, hours and industri 6. As investigation of typical occupations indicates which are operations may be approved for women and under what conditions they should be made safe and healthful, the powers of the federal government used to compel inciustry to release men from those jobs and employ women. 7. Orders, nawever, are not sufficient. Expert counselling in the field to make the necessary adjustments for employers and for workers, and continued oversight of conditions by the federal government are of the utmost importance. These are all tasks related to the industries. it is necessary to develop a plan of https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis l. Recruiting 2. Vocational guidance or selection 3. Training 4. Placement. For the women AXMIpISTRATION tial which shall have ,dministrative machinery is essen ng women, working men, and employers, due regard to the interests of worki an effective program of production. while emphasizing the national need for formulation of standards and programs Centralization for policy-making and is essential. their application. Decentralization is necessary for responsibility for 1. One agency must be charged with which the federal government will announcing the standards and policies The most approal standards. This refers to specific not gener support. , which might Board ies Polic War ',labor priate agency for this purpose is the try Service Indus in Woman ved to the delegate the administrative tasks invol its recommBoard the e befor then bring The Woman in industry Service would would act Board and ies and the polic endations for standards and policies the them d behin have usions would upon them so that the resulting concl rned. tments conce influence of the important federal depar ved it is of great importance In the administrative tasiKs invol 2. d supply the foundation of economic that the War Industries Doara shoul ation for women; and that the needs in relation to choice of occup in seeing to it that women are employed Board should also use its authority ations approved by them. as speedily as may be in the occup it would be desirable As a practical administrative measure 3. ce be increased and at least Servi try that the staff of the Woman in Indus regional director of the each of oflice one representtive assigned to the This would insure . plan a Board favored such War Industries Board if the of national policies n and local applicatio intimate knowledge of local needs employers, workers, and local or state through constant association with d the Women's Branch of In this work of consultation in the fiel agencies. d be charged with responsibility for Ordnance the Ordnance Department shoul whereby the staff of the Women's Branch plants, if a plan can be worked out maintain close contact with the Woman in of the Ordnance Department could Industry Service. eration with Health problems would be taken care of by co-op This would merely necessitate more the U. S. Public Health Service. for working together which are already definite recognition of the plans ce and the Public Health in operation between the Woman in Industry Servi Service. Special pieces of field work would be assigned to the ng Conditions Service Investigation and Inspection Service and the Worki ards applicable to both g would have much to contribute in formulatin stand men and women. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -"MOW State Departments of Labor would be a part of the plan. A special staff of engineers would be necessary to work with the Woman in Industry Service on problems of adaptation of machinery. They would also consider the efficiency of production preliminary to decision about the introduction of women. 4. The actual task of recruiting women would require a campaign of education and machinery for individual registration not for jobs but for A woman should be appointed on the guidance and selection, and for training. Service to guide this work. staff of the Woman in Industry The Information and Education Service might be asked to detail a staff to work with the Woman in Industry Service on exhibits and other forms of publicity. many women's organizations should be definitely enlistea in this Emphasis should be laid on registration for training just as men work. drafted are trained before they go to France. b. Recruiting should supply material for training and the local work provided for in the regional offices of the War Industries Board should stimulate opportunities for training. At this point there would come into play the plan prgvided for in the report of the Neave Committee involving co-operation between the Training and Dilution Service, the Federal Board for Vocational Guidance and other groups. 6. The placement work is of course in the hands of the Employment Service which would also be of great assistance at every step of the program outlined, in bringing it to the attention of national agencies local problems and in helping to maAv the standards and policies generally known in their localities. 7. Control of standards of wages, hours, and industrial relations must be worked out with the War Labor Board, State Wage Commissions, the trade unions, employers' associations and state departments of labor. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 1\1W ' SULE:ARY. The immediate needs are as follows: https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 1. Action by the War Labor Policies to make such a program effective and to take the lead in it. 2. Action by the War Industries Board to take definite part in the administrative work, makin6 possible the placing of women in the regional offices and providing the broad foundations for the plan and the authority to apply its results. 3. Funds are needed amounting to approximately *500,000 for the development of an adequate staff for field consultation, expert engineering and special campaigns of euucation, including informational bulletins for employers. 4. Agreement on the part of all federal agencies is necessary to insure leadership by the Board which represents them in labor policies, and to make sure that administrative responsibility is clearly defined and effective. Mary Van Kleecke
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