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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
M
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
1
.....
........ ....... ...
ATTACHED HERETO ARE_____—__—..PAPERS
.... ......_"--......_......
PLEASE.....
......
DO.
•
MONTH
DAY
/
/7
YEAR
CHAS. M. GAY
CAPTAIN,
ORD. DEPT. U.S.A.
Room A 1-225
PHONE 2964
8630
‘P•
oateber
Teed. Areetar, Aomori* fircmah, Thilltirtria1
rotetA.
.iervAae 4,ection* t.rdur.noc
P.
Mr. 6rent Hamilton* Oirector, -arkinr Celt—at/on s
Jorviaa, 4".015to Ot
aubjeat;
Co
.y:Ada
IN DI -.NAPOLI";, IND I ANA.
1.
Your letter el aeptembnr 1i. i..Tes referred to this
GjtcvLI.•
office hi MOO!" a. 1.
2.
ter inveelightfAi by our repro.
11% hc nd tn
4 .rryi urdn-srtze
t;hietirn
sentrtien , n the
3.
eraclono herewith o cap/ of the 3urys
°age rnd the recorrawntlatione 7/04.ch rere rude by the
Velem, j-irnnah' for trahlrii%?ion. to thoo:'fir of
the •Jecretetry ef Ive.r, through ?ifejor h. .14. Oita/tell*
Chief of the induntrIal 54111rV1efli :itaCtiC71•
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
JLAit. 1. MU), DIRECTOli
ISHAN04,
INDUVRIAL. SER:TTP. iTrrrION
OAAIN10.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
intraoffioe
to 1318.
iloveasber,
Industrial 4ervice
Nemo Bremob
Major B. H. Oitehello Chief,
Steestype Compaq
Inman on a •Wrt
1.
Indianapolis, imAt to employ
Ia accordance witn your request the report made
by the .4mons irasoho Qhicago Jtstriot Office, and
the application of thc Asnotypik Conpeny for a wait
to employ nom= at night, together wtt,1 the rosammer.
datiens which the lams preach had under considers.
tion o were forwarded to the Industrial ,Iervice ascii=
in the ancinaati Jistrict Waco for their comment!.
ft.
Tsar attenties is iivited to the attached memorandum
lehieh have been received from the Industrial 3,16
vice iostion o Cinoinnsti office in which Miss
144. gurus
Campbell of the Amens Branch statos.
'Lakes me to say that your recommendations are
comourrod in, and I have no comments to add to
this COM Ives CO"•
3.
The full report is attached for your further
setion.
CLARA KO TD, DITO .
MUM UMW.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
intreoffioe
Nevenbor 7. 1018.
Industrial
lemma Drama'
uajor
'
("11
orvtoe
litoltell. 41,1.44
truliananolis, Ind, to employ
.
shift
on a Witt
qccordence 'with iis-Alr request the report made
by the .;1'omens 6rnlohe 4;nicago Astrict Uffice, aid
the application of tke stenotype Company for 44 peemit
retplor rronein at night, togothilr wit'l the retemen.
era&Alcor: which the ganerls branch hati under consid
mi
ee
Woo:Mi
.iervi
rinl
Indust
the
to
tion, were foxvarded
ts.
commen
their
for
l
Offic
et
Astri
in tial 1.ncinstati
2.
3.
Vit ttd to the attached msnorandsr,
Your attention 3, 9
which havo bean received fres the Industrial 3ez.
)race in "'etch Miss
vise ieetion, Cinainnnti(
-:aripbs11 of the *mieni 3rench states it. Burns
wishes no to ea/ thwt your recoessendatIons are
concurred in, sod I hams no comments to add to
this concurrence.
The full re-ort is attaehed for your further
action.
CLARA
T ,J, J1 v;
MOM MANCH*
-
ADDRESS REPLY TO PRODUCTION DIVISION, CINCINNATI DISTRICT ORDNANCE OFFICE. CINCINNATI. OHIO
TELEPHONE CANAL 4265
ORDNANCE
DEPARTMENT
OFFICE OF DISTRICT CHIEF
GWYNNE BUILDING,
208 EAST SIXTH STREET
CINCINNATI, OHIO
PRODUCTION DIVISION
Novelber
fyrf.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
1918.
aen's 73ranch,
Edith Campbell, Supervi;A)1. 1
IndufArial F!erviee Section, Cincinnati District.
Clar 1. Tead, Director in
indu6tria1 Service Section,
'))reAtch,
:::41into71,
ny 0:0 In in rolls
Ap licttion of itenotypc
for i'ermit to hmi,loy - omeT at Night.
1.
Acimowledment is made of your letter
concerning ppliction o - Stenotype 0 all. nIndium. polls for permit to employ vromen at night
and trle .ttacheri report.
L.
idout.Burne wishec le to say that your
recomlendationa tre concurred in, and I havn o
coments to add to this concurrence.
•Hiss Hewes had sent me a copy of her
report and .(1, have greatly aprreci:lted her assist-mcc
to us in our dilltrict before we :!ere ornized for
':;OrK.•
EC/ebd
J._ omen's Branch,.
InduLtrial Service Section,
Oincinnati Thitrict.
Tr'
ADDRESS REPLY TO PRODUCTION DIVISION, CINCINNATI DISTRICT ORDNANCE OFFICE, CINCINNATI. OHIO
TELEPHONE CANAL 4265
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
ORDNANCE
DEPARTMENT
OFFICE OF DISTRICT CHIEF
GWYNNE BUILDING,
208 EAST SIXTH STREET
CINCINNATI. OHIO
PRODUCTION DIVISION
4
•
•
•
•
•
Octobrr 21, 1918.
Frau:
To:
Valens Branch, induokrial Service Section, oms**,
140.,
gajor aI 1. Ciitchall, L.hief, Industrial .5erv1ce 3/034.
tion., OrInance
Subjoots
APPLE:,`NTIOA 01 TM 3TIVIOTYrt COUP ANY, INDIANAPOLIS,
INDIANA, 'Oa TP,MIT TO I2IPLOY 'AVM AT NIGHT.
1.
The request of the '6tenotype uerrary, for oxfsiption
trot., the iAat• L-aw, in order to employ women between
10 P.
and 11:30 P. W., con*rary to the Indiena Law,
was addressed tc Ur. T. J. Willitme, CzAciliator in
the Jeparbsent of Labor; and referred to Vajor B.
Gitchell, Catiof of the Indultrial Serviaf! Section, by
Ur. Grant 3orzilton, Direertor of VI° -orkina Conditions
ServicIdepartment of Labor (sso attAched \ aorrespondance.)
2.
The case !vas referred to Miss!! ,:towea of it -701.-,ens
rena'n, L;hicago iristrict urdnmce Office, because she
hail already established conts.cts, with the at onotype .capany thropsh several visits there, previouo
to th.. alisignment of a representative of the Vomene
Branch to the Cincinnati :Art rict `Irdnance Office.
The report fray lho Wastir,r
Chictio ')it riot
Ordnance Grfice, in d by ilies•
Aswen, is herewith
attached, together witn a ler ter from the Production
Division,Inplosivoe
on of tho Cincinn
rict Urdnance Oilies t signed by A. i. Puch, outlining
the presuit condition.? at tht. itenotyve plant.
4. hablat
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
)tenotype plant hue been laboring und,,r many
(a) The ,
serious conditions, including financial embarrass.
sent inadequate asaagas wit• irregularities in de.
livery of sampesmitt parts, inedenuacy of certain
parte of plant squiposent gush e hen.ting system,
lunch roost toilet end washing :acilities,
It is understood that all these factors have contributed to the slowness and baskwartbless volioh
has characterized production at this plant.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
obi
(11) It iiiviAorlairild Viet a re.ergsaisatime hee been
*Meted Waft premises sere satisfactory remelts.
the present Use *OM aro eupleved en
tit* first Shifty frem ? A. M.• 11:36 A. M.
wit troy 12 mos• 3.25
sakes
8 home daily sad 44 hour* weekly' 'in ea4 boys
are emplereg es the eiNseallod sight shift fres
3:35 P. M. tit
*doh makes 11 Imre
daily end 4$ hours weekly. male the 25 minute
lunch period allowed ter the first shift Is la
vielatioa et the 4tate los whisk regain' a mini.
mom et SO slant.* ter 'mush period, males* 'pedal
permit otherwise ha* been &rooted' The Steastrpe
Gespany has aot eoplied ter Ma a perait,
ordar to talon Vim
The permit is reinseted
aoplaystert of ininan on the seoend Ohift, that ie
free 3:25.1100 P. M. It ewe saggested by the
aireeter *t the Working coadatleas Monies. Of taw
Domarbalent of Labor that it night be possible to
nose the eituatioa by hexing tem Shifts. sae from
6 A. 11. • 2 P. M. and the ether tram 2 P. M.
.10
P. M. vhieh arrangements moultt conform to Use
3tete
'
Llew.
4. because of the locetioa of the
(d)
4
pilletntrtleiron the city) sod the premed tram.
Opertatieu faeilitiee and scheilln(vm1 Peg* * of
Kee MONO' report) it does net seen feasible te
attempt te ram two shifts between 6 L. M. end /0
P. M.
(0) ammt• At
The ilowee proash resessueda thmts in a* nmeh as the One.
pony WI bees subject to many difficultieeteineo meted) in
regard to finesseet managesonto delivery et coapesent parts,
sod in es mach as it is understood that a recast re-organ.*
autism et the Company has taken place, the permit request*
Lag permission to employ venee between 10 and 1100 at
sight shoat sot be granted at this tine,
It is felt that the burdes ef proof should reo4 with
the Company to show thatsuader the ro.orkaaised wseigonento
with Improved anplopasat aethede and Impreved verhiag sew
dittos., there is a shortage *t
Labor ter the peessd
shift, whist, is retarding prodastion.
CLARA I. =AD, 111216,02.•
MOM MM.noventAL URI=
atinais
OMNI= MM.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
WrPORT ON
PETITION Of THE 6TENOTYPE COMPANY OF
INTIANAPOLIS, INDIANA
YOR nRIAPTION FROM THE INDIANA
LAr
PROTTIBITTWO
NIGHT WORK FOR WOMEN.
:UBMITTND BY
AMY HE',77B
SUPERVIaA IN 'OMEN'S BRANCH
INDUSTRIAL SERVICE 'ECTION
MICAGO DISTRICT
ocTueli
9
8
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
0"TLINE OF REPORT
STENOTYPE COMPANY,
INDIANAPOLIS.
Page 2
Exemption Renuested
TTesent
0
dhedule of Pours
3
3
- roduction
s
alient Features Regarding :;mployment..
••••
Labor 1.inply
Employment t:ethods
tages
Occupations
Provisions for Health and Comfort
.•
Housing
Transportatin
.
, Acommendatione
n
If
a
5
6
. 6
7
ft
7
If
ft
7
a
P
ft
9
APPENDICES
I. Memorandlim of Clara V. Teat', Dated Sertember
28th, $A,Icing the Reference.
II. Letter, Grant Hamilton, Director -orking
Conditions Service to flijor B. M. Gitchell,
Chief of Industri-1 z,ervice Section, Dated
eotember 12.
III. Letter, , . Piowen, alairman Stenotype
J. Williams, August 27th.
Company to
IV. Letter A. !T. iugh, Pehd of Explosives and
Loading Section, Cincinnati District to
Amy Hewes, Slpervisor in ,omen's Branch,
Dated October 5th.
A.11:hg-
:roductir)n
women's ranch
Industrial ';f1rvice ection
October
,7
8
1 ',
rom:
To:
ubject:
Amy Hewes, LI ervisor in
omen's ''ranch.
ctor, ramento 3ranch,
r'lara M. Ted, Dir,
InOustrial Service ecti n.
etition of the tenotype Company of Indianapolis
for an exemption from the Indiana law prohibiting
Referred by
night work for women after 10:00 P.M.
memorandum d:Ated eptember 28, 1918 (See Anpendices
1, II, III).
XXXUPTION RE4U/V2.TED.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
The -tenotyne Comnany proposes to employ 600 women
on a shift from 3:25 P.M. to 11:30 1.., -ith 25
minutes for lunch, six nights a week. This makes
a weekly tptal of 45 hours working time.
The plan involves the emoloyment of w,4nen one hour
and a half beyond the limit fixed by statute, which
forbids the em,Joyment of romen between ten o'clock
at night and six in the morning. (Annotated Statutes,
1901, 7087c and 7087y).
The company takes the position that this exemption
will be necessary to enable it to secure a sufficient amount of puitable labor to fill its contrcts
with the present eiApment.
.3.
zitenotppe
PRESENT SPFEDULE OF !IMRE.
First nv Ehift
(Men and vo,Ien)
7:00 A.V. to 11:35 A.M.
12:00 N.
to 3:25 P.:f.
''orkin(T Time
Day
Week
8
hours
48 hours.
COcnn4 Day afft
(Men and women)
8:15 A.M. to 12:00 N.
12:25 P.M. to 4:40 ±.M.
8 hours
48 hours
7/
45 hours.
,igh“;hift
(Men am, boys only)
3:35
P.M. to 11:30
hours
0 overtime is rorked on any shift.
Ance the thty shifts allow for less than sixty minutes
for the lunch T)eriod for women, they are in violation
of the statute 1:hich re(luires a minimum of sixty minutes
unless special nermit has been granted (.:Innotated
:Ittutes 1901, 'ec. 7087k). The ZAenotype Camnany
has not apnlied for a nermit. It was stated by :rs.
.
Arthur Cox, of the l'actory Inspector's office, tl- at 11to the rresent time this st-tute ..1; not been enforced.
'efore Leptemher 1918 there was n
hours rind a night ehift of twelve
ment was made by the company that
improved since the vihorter shifts
day shift of ten
hrurs. The stateProduction has
hay.- gone into effect.
PRO:PrCTION.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
The comtny is on a 95;., war basis. It ie under con..
tract for the manufacture and loadinp: of rifle grenades,
and for the manufacture of detonating fuseF 'ark V,
trench mortar fuses, fuses for rifle grenades, and
six-inch trench mortar :•hell adapters. It also has
sub contracts for parts of the detonating mechanism
for :ark III and !,,ark IV drop bombs.
The following t-,hle indicuteL; the backward state of
producti'm on prime contracts of the company.
TABL.6 I
Article
Deliveries called
Actual production
for by contr-cts to .ieptember 27. 1918.
3ctober 1 1918
Date of final comple.
tion called for in
contrnct.
Lstimated date
of final com.
_pletion.
5,775,000
etonating
fuues, !:.ark V
2,695.000
None
..Jec. 30, 1918.
- arch 30, 1919
4,200,000
Jifle ,
;renades
:ark I, loaded
2,350,000
728,951
.an. 1_0, 1919.
'.ay 1919 (?)
2,200,000
Rifle ,srenades 1 2,200.000
rark 1,un1oadedi
859,477
July 31, 1918
Dec. 31, 1918
4,200,000
Puses for rifiel 2,350,000
grenadeu, ,;i.rk
728, 051
J%n. -
1,000,000
Trench Mortar
fuses, ark VI
109.340
July 31, 1918.
1-.one
:pril 15, 1919
100,000
6" trench mortr
shell adapters
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
1,000,000
1919
1
one
zy 1919 (?)
January 31, 11o19
-tenotywil Co.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
In addition to the need for more labor on rhich the
company's petiti'm is based, a number of other factors
have operated to exPlatn thp nresent backward oroduction.
1.
erious financial difficulties. in spite of r;overnment loans of abolt 4r1,000,000, the company is
practically bankrupt (See Appendix IV) but the
Cincinnati office reporte that a reorganizatin has
jast been effected rhich 1,romises more satisfactory
results.
2. IrrealJar deliveries of nitro starch. Lack of
po,p-der caused a week's shut down in September (See
Aopendix IV, Par. 2). (41 the tro days. of the insr,ectin, October 2nd and 3rd, no filling of the grenades
ras being done, due to the lack of "Trojan powder"
--'hich is sunllied by ihe Government.
Characteristics of nitro starch. Damp weather causes
nitro starch to stick torether and the filling of
the grenades has thereby been retarded (:,-ee Appendix
4. Ls.ck of provision for heating. Cold weather at
present would cause a shut down. (See Ap'iendix IV,
The company ertimater'tYat the proposed chane in
schedule will effect Production as follows:
'omen on present eay shift
(8 hwaro) produce
9000 rrenadee
Boys on night ahift
4000 grenades
(V- honrsi rroduce
lotal
If ramen are (!mnloyed on the night shift the boys
would be transferred from it to a second niffht
shift, working from 11:30
. to /:00
. It is
thught that producti'll wo.ad be increased as
follows:
omen on lst (day)shift
(8 hours) will oroduce
omen on 2nd (niaht) shift
( 74 hours) will produce
Boys on 3rd (night) elift
(8 h -)urs) will 2roluce
Total
IJI'iiUTifTnades
9000 grenades
4000 grenades
22000
Ytenotype
The production of trench mortar fuses is an-roximately
3000 per day. It is thought the production could be
increased to 10,000 by the night 'cork of women.
This estimate assumes that in latm_IRLAIellaL.Illwal
aI night women will. produce as many grenades as they
now produce in eight hours by day. In consideration
of the unfavorable effect of night work on nroduction
this estimate seems highly improbable. At the present
time the requests from the workers for transferfrom the
night shift are numerous, according to gr. Sparks of
the personnel Department, and it is reasonable to
surYpose that it will be difficult to keep as steady a
force of women on a nirht shift as on the day shift.
4tween 35,000 and 50,000 rifle grenades are loaded
per day. It is not planned to do any loading at night.
On Tuesday, October let, the production was 43,000.
These grenades are manufactured partly by the Stenotype
Company and partly by two other concerns. Available
space in the loading houses is not used. The equipment
could he increased so that sevoral thousand more grenades
could he loaded per day. In the building where the fuse
containers of the grenades re loaded, only one-half of
the building is used.
3ALIE1TT FUTURES REGARDING MOLOYMENT.
Lakam_Emmix-
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
About 1400 men and 1200 women are now em-loyed. (These
include clerical emoloyees). ^onsiderably over half
the labor force is from Indianapolis, The remainder
is from the district between the city and the 'tenotype
iall towns nearby, the most important
ilant, arid from
of Which are looresville and Wartinsville.
Adult male labor is scarce. There is an adequate
supply of satisfactory female labor. Boys are used
at pr sent to replace the romen operating on the day
shift. They are said to be Irresponsible as regards
attendrulce. They do considerable injury to the mach - nes
and they trun out a high percentage of scrap. They do
not have as much interest in the work as the women and
the camoany states that it is impossible to stimulate
oroduction through rivalry between the day and night
dhifts.
:r. Vanderbilt, Assistant to the Chief of the Cincinnati
istrict, stated that the labor temper at the plant has
-6-
Stenotype Co.
not been good and labor has not been rell handled by
the company.
?.trtp)10Yinent Methods.
The amployment Wianager,
:4xtkins,
fill
all
employing, discharging and transferring. A separate
personnel denartment has recently been installed.
7 1/ery new e7nployee and every employee discharged or
ler!ving voluntarily passes through this department.
It has the alhority to return employees to the emnloyment office for reclassification if it is thought that
the employee has not been suitably nlaced. Through
interviewirrr'emnloyees rho have signified their intention of leaving, it has been possible to save a number
to the camnany. During the week nreceeding October
2nd, 18 ennloyees out of 98 were retained through the
efforts of the personnel department. Transfers may
be reluested also.
_r. '
)owen st-ted that there rae an annual labor turnover of about 200;4.
.yes of
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
omen.
:o eff
jlen the eight hour shifts went int
8)Aw
lagreleyms we reesi ocn2r se d 20w/oa th ro
3rd,
5e0ap i ecde
rk ar
factnor1imy941.
l
ploye
nf
a
rat
m hou
p i
mi
do over Itnd above this amount. ven on *
receive a guarantee of a minimum hourly
350 an hour. They are paid for eight ho
ember
e
eed
t they
shift
00 to
About 300 women are working on grenades at piece rates.
The minimum daily rage received is 42. The maximum is
between 44 and ,5. On the whole the 1,omen earn more
than the boye on the same work.
Loading is time /-ork. About 300 women are employed.
The minimum rate for this work is 25e per hour; maximum
rate 320. Increases in rate are made by the foreman.
It is planned to put loading on a bonus basis.
'i,ork on trench mortar fuse is on the tine basis. A
piece rork bsisis will go into effect as eoon ar the
operations can be etand;-irdized.
J)out 150 women will
be affected tJereby.
titriotrne 'o
-7-
occu-pations pf
':.omen are emplo.,.ed at the following occupations:
Ailing, drilling and loading rifle grenades; drilling
through fuse container and counter boring (Brown and
_harp Automatic achines); lathe work; grinding; buffing
and drilling small parts for trench mortar fuse; inspection; cutting of aeroplane bomb parts, e.g. rear bushings,
front bushings, bodies, shell cans and adanters (Gridley
:.utomatic 'ftchines).
ors the last oneration the enuipment consists of 30
machines; only 20 are in ase. This seemed to be the
only ,Asce in the factory *here there were idle machines.
Tt is planned to continue all these operations at night
with the exception of loading.
rpvisions for Pealth and ,Lsufsuji.
In some particulars the provisions for health and comfort
have received careful attention and excellent eouipment
has been provided, as for instance in the modern hospital
building. On thc other hand, there is serious lack of
a sufficient number of toilets. The Indiana law r nuires
one for every 25 women. For the loading units where
300 women work there are hut 9 toilets and only 6 on the
tee floors of the main building where V50 women are
employed.
Amilarly, 26 vrtsh howls for a minimum of 950 women make
their general use impossible in the short lunch hour.
The lack of a rest room and lunch room hr toe factory
' by the elaborate plane for the:e which
is not made goo'
the company has been discussing for several months.
HOUSING
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
The extensive program for increasing housing facilities
in the neighborhood of the plant with assistance from
the Government, has not materially advanced since the
special 'louring report filed June 21, 1918. Plans now
being worked on embrace the erecti n of dormitories
ne!T the Plant which shall accommodate about 200 women.
It is tholght they cxin be induced to same from rural
neighborhoods. These women will be e-iployed on detonator
fuse loading which is not now being done by the . teno type
ComIlanys
tenotype Co.
TRANSPORTATION
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
The plant is located abo;It five miles from Indianapolis.
are
The present working hours, 7:00 A.M. to 11:30
railarranged to fit in with the schedule of the street
way company. Over 6.0, of the employees live in the city,
and are taken to and from work on six special cars,
0)er .ted hy company employees. The cars run on the
following schedule in the morning:
'TO.Cars. Leave Indiap. Arrive plant.Shift begins.
2
2
2
6:05 A.M.
6:09
6:13
6:40
6:44
6:48
/:00
7:00
7:00
?
2
2
7:20
7:24
7:28
7:55
7:59
8:03
8:15
P:15
8:15
In order to connect with the first cars to the plant
employees must use the first cars operated on the city
lines. similarly the night shift must close at 11:30
in order to connect rith the last cars operated
on the city lines.
If the first shift should begin at 6:00 A.M. and the
as has been proposed
second shift end at 10:00
nts, it would be
requireme
legal
meet
in order to
car
schedules on about
street
the
dhimge
necessary to
It
be necessary for
would
also
1.nes.
60,, of the city
as
home
early as 4:10
to
leave
mfiny of the employees
the
time for sleet
normal
into
Thiv would break
nearly as much 413 if the women !,hould work until 11:30
P.M., not reaching their h)mes until 1:00 A.Z. They
are much more likely to sleep the necessary eight hours
from 1:00 A.M. to 9:00 A..q. thnn from 8:00 P.M. to 4:00
tenotyne 'o•
P,RCW,WEY7)ATI::1,!'S
A study of the situation makes clear the following
considerati re:
1. Two clhifts before 10:00 0.q. are not feasible because
of the transport:ition situation&
2. The physiological effects of such a shift as that
propaneA clald not be a.! inurious io those of a late
night
Production could be increased by more efficient
manavnent without
exemption,
4.
Intrroved mmoloyment -lethols would result in
a better selected force, a lower labor turnover, and better labor relations.
b. Improved rorking conditions would directly
increase production.
c• The Briggs and StratVon Comnany of Adraukee
to whom a similar netition was denied by the
war Industries Board, completed in less than
eight months a contract for 1,000,000 rifle
grenades and is only 600s 000 bPhind schedule
on another contract for 2,500,000. The 'Flaconsin law forbids the employment of women between
6:oo P.M. and 6:oo A.M.
4. The recent reorganization of the company offers
opportunity for increased efficiency.
5. It is cioubtful whether the exem7, tin can be gratted
legally since there is no ;rovision for such exemptions in the Indiana law, and since the federal
nOlicy regarding night work is not fu.11y 4evelOped.
Therefore it is recommended that the granting of the
petitinn be deferred pending the final actirn of the
tar Labor Policies Board and the Secretary of Labor on
the matter of federal control of night sork, and that if,
when this nolicy haP been determined, a more efficient
management has proved unable to increase production
sufficient1y, the matter be Again given cvni,eration.
AMY HEWTS,
Supervisor in 7omen's Brandi,
Industrial Service Section.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
APPENDIX 1
WAR DEPARTMENT
Office of the Chief of Ordnance
Washington.
IlYTRAOFFIC2 MEMORANDUM
September 28.
Prom:
C.
To:
Hiss Hewes,
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
. Tead,
Production, Industrial Service.
Chicago District.
1. Enclosed correspondence referred to
you for artion.
2. Please return these originals with
yolr report on the case to this office.
C.
TEAD.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
APPENDIX 11
COPY
U.S.DEPARTMANT OF LABOR
WORKING CONDITIONS SERVICE
WA&TINGTON
September 12, 1918
lajor B. H. Gitollell, ahief,
Industrial Service, Ordnance DePartment,
Washington, 71. C.
Dear Major:.
Enclosed you rill find copy of a letter addressed to
rr. T. J. Williams, a oonciliator in the Department of
Labor. The firm in question desired Mr. Williams to
take this matter up directly with the Government, but
he euggeF3ted tLat a communication be addreeLed to him
in order that all the facts might be comprehensively
arrayed. This letter was sent to the Department of
Labor and then referred to this Service.
This is one of those cases where, if the transportation
company which carries these people to the manufacturing
establishment, would so change its schedule as to permit
women to begin work at 6 a.m., two shifts of eight hours
each could be worked by women without an infraotion of
the law. The Indiana law prohibits the employment of
women from 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. in each 24 hours, therefore, it is apparent if the train schedules could be
changed as to permit women to be engaged on two 8-hour
elifts, there would be no necessity for waiving the
present law.
If it is possible for you to asAgn this subject to one
of the bureaus in your Service which deals with this
class of cases for the pyrpose of making an adjustment
of this situation, it would be greatly appreciated. I
should like, however, to have information as to the outcome of the case if it is witAm your province to handle
it.
Very truly yours,
GRANT HAMTON
Director,
Working Conditions Service.
Enclosure.
(Copy)
APPENDIX 111
THE STENOTYPE COMPANY, Indianapolis, Aug. 27, 1918.
Mr. T. J. Williams,
c/o Hotel Wawhington,
Indianapolis, Ind.
My dear Mr. Williams:
Referring to our conference 6f today, I beg to submit
herewith, in line with your request, some data in connection with the operation of our plant, which is now
on a 95% war basis, and the Indiana State law which
prohibits the working of female help after ten o'clock
at night.
We are manufacturing and loading rifle grenades, trench
mortar fuses, aeroplane bomb parts, and detonator fuses
for high-explosive shells. All of these articles are •
rather small in size and weight and the manufacture of
same constitutes what we call light work. In other words
the nature of this work is such that it can be handled
very largely by women.
We are now running two shifts--.-the day shift of ten hours
and composed largely of women, and the night shift of
twelve hours, composed of men and boys. Effective September 3, our entire organization will go on a straight eighthour basis; our first shift working from seven to three;
the second fram three to eleven; and in a few departments
we will run a third shift working from eleven to seven
o'clock.
The nature of our work, together with the fact that the
labor situation as regards female labor, is much easier
than male labor, will enable us, no doubt, to keep a full
group going on the first shift. In view of the Indiana
law, however, prohibiting the working of women after 10
o'clock at night, we will be unable to use a single woman
worker on the second shift, and for this shift we will have
to depend upon boys and men.
As you well know, jobs are very plentiful for all kinds
of labor, particularly competent men, so we anticipate a
great deal of difficulty in keeping our second shift going
at full capacity. In fact, we hardly dare hope that we
can keep it going at full capacity without relief from
this State law.
In my opinion, this law was all right at the time it was
made and should be adhered to during normal times, but in
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
_
-2
;'••••
view of the desperate need of this country for production, I cannot for the life of me see any reason in the
worle why we should not be permitted under the emergency
that now exists, to work women one hour longer, or, say,
one hour and a half longer, than is now permitted by the
law. I think this is especially true in our case for two
reasons:
.kirst, our shift will be on an eight-hour basis, which is
certainly not too much, even for female labor.
Second, our plant is located some five miles from the city
proper, which makes it impossible for us to start the first
shift earlier than 7 cetclock in the morning. If we were
down in the city, we could probably being work at 6 o'clock
and finish at 10; but, as explaired to you today, it is
impossible under present conditions, inview of our location.
In conclusion, permit me to again point out that from a
production standpoint, as far as our plant is concerned,
the situation is serious. if relief can be had from this
10 o'clock law through the influence of the Government, we
can beyond the shadow of a doubt greatly increase our production of war munitions.
You were kind enough to offer to submit this question to
the proper authorities at Washington. If you will do this,
we will greatly appreciate it. In taking up the subject
with the proper party at Washington, well you kindly point
out and emphasize the need for very quick action. I may
be wrong, but I have an idea that if the Government would
intimate to the State authorities that our plant should
be permitted to work women under present conditi ,ne for
an hour or an hour and one-half over the time limit set by
law, that is all that would be necessary to enable us to
fill our second shift with female help.
Very truly yours,
R. M. BOWEN,
Chairman,
The Stenotype Company.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
APPENDIX 1V
WAR DEPARTMENT
NT
PRODUCTI(DN DIVISIMI-ORDNANCE DEPARTME
rict
Office of Chief of Cincinnati Dist
et
Stre
h
Sixt
East
208
,
ding
Gwynne Buil
Ohio
ti,
inna
Cinc
October
5
19 18
on Division,
Cincinnati District Ordnance, Producti
From:
ch, Industrial
Miss Amy Hewes, Supervisor Women's Bran
on Division,
ucti
Service Section, Chicago Office, Prod
1556
To:
Subject:
Conditions of the Stenotype Co.
Mies Fisk to set down
1. The writer has asked permission of
Stenotype Company
a few randum notes on conditions of the
uction from
and what might be expectel in the way of prod
serious conditions.
them. This Company is laboring under many
bankrupt and has
The first place, the company is practically
some time.
been in serious financial difficulties for
grenades have
2. The deliveries on nitro starch for loading
ago when they were
been very irregular. About two weeks
olis office sent a
anap
Indi
our
nearly out of nitro starch
this material on by
man to Allentown to bring a car load of
roads would not allow
express. It seem, however, the rail
ght. This car only
this and the car had to came by frei
e Company having been
otyp
Sten
arrived about October 2nd, the
hold them about two
will
shut down about a week. This car
weeks.
to load the grenades
3. It had been originally contemplated secu
re a sufficient
with "TNT" but it was impossible to
a great deal of trouble
supply. The nitro starch has caused
and does not run into
in damp geather as it sticks together
on is very seriously
the grenades. Therefore, the producti
ous handicap of the
retarded by humidity. A still more seri
made no provision to
Stenotype Company is the fact that they
snail shacks.
heat their buildings, Which are series of
started to put in
4. About two weeks ago the Stenotype Company
often full of
a number of hot air furnaces. As the air is
prohibited
ly
lute
nitro starch dust, this system was abso
steam heating
ion
Stat
even for emergency heating. A Central
s to be
pipe
the
was ordered to be installed immediately,
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
-2-
supported on poles and thoroughly insulated from the
weather. In case of clod weather the plant will have to
be shut down unitl this new steam heating is complete,
which is supposed to be the middle of November.
5.
We believe the plant is about six miles from twwn and if
for any reason the plant were shut down it will be hard to
get the workers back again as they would probably prefer
working near home.
GEO. S. HAYDOCK,
Production Division.
By:
A. H. PUGH,
Head of Explosives and Leading Sec.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
@FedFRASER