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77TH CONGRESS!

CITMITF

/DOCUMENT

1st Session /

bUNAlh.

i No. 148

DECLARATIONS OF A STATE OF WAR WITH
JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY
ADDRESS
OF THE

PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES
DELIVERED BEFORE A JOINT SESSION OF THE TWO
HOUSES OF THE CONGRESS ON DECEMBER 8, 1941
REQUESTING THAT

THE CONGRESS DECLARE THAT A STATE OF WAR HAS
EXISTED SINCE DECEMBER 7, 1941, BETWEEN THE
UNITED STATES AND THE JAPANESE EMPIRE
ALSO

MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES
DATED DECEMBER 11,1941, REQUESTING THE CONGRESS
TO RECOGNIZE A STATE OF WAR BETWEEN THE
UNITED STATES AND GERMANY, AND BETWEEN
THE UNITED STATES AND ITALY
TOGETHER WITH

THE- PROCLAMATIONS OF THE PRESIDENT AND EXTRACTS
FROM THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD SHOWING ONLY
THE OFFICIAL ACTION OF THE SENATE AND
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN CONNECTION THEREWITH

UNITED STATES
GOVERNMENTJPRINTING^OFFICE
WASHINGTON : 1941

[SUBMITTED BY MR. BARKLEY]
I N THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES,

December 15,1941.
Ordered, That there be printed as a Senate document the messages
to Congress, the radio address, and the proclamations issued by the
President of the United States, all relating to the declarations of a
state of war with Japan, Germany, and Italy, together with certain
proceedings in the Senate and House of Representatives in connection
therewith.
Attest:

DECLARATIONS OF A STATE OF WAR WITH
JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY
PROCEEDINGS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
MONDAY, DECEMBER 8, 1941

The House met at 12 o'clock noon.
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JOINT SESSION OF THE TWO HOUSES

Mr. MCCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I offer a resolution (H. Con. Res.
61), and ask for its immediate consideration.
The Clerk read as follows:
Resolved by the House of Representatives {the Senate concurring), That the
two Houses of Congress assemble in the Hall of the House of Representatives
on Monday, the 8th day of December 1941, at 12:30 o'clock p. m., for the purpose of receiving such communications as the President of the United States
shall be pleased to make to them.

The concurrent resolution was agreed to.
RECESS

The SPEAKER. The House will stand in recess, subject to the call
of the Chair.
Accordingly (at 12 o'clock and 3 minutes p. m.) the House stood
in recess, subject to the call of the Speaker.
AFTER THE RECESS

The recess having expired, the House was called to order at 12
o'clock and 15 minutes p. m. by the Speaker.
MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE

A message from the Senate, by Mr. Frazier, its legislative clerk,
announced that the Senate had agreed, without amendment, to a concurrent resolution of the House of the following title:
H. Con. Res. 61. Concurrent resolution providing for a joint session on Monday, December 8, 1941, for the purpose of receiving such communications as the
President of the United States shall be pleased to make.

PROCEEDINGS IN THE SENATE
MONDAY, DECEMBER 8, 1941

The Senate met at 12 o'clock noon.
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MESSAGE FEOM THE HOUSE

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Swanson, one
of its clerks, announced that the House had agreed to House Concurrent Eesolution 61, providing for a joint session of the two Houses
of Congress on Monday, December 8, 1941, for the purpose of receiving such communications as the President of the United States shall
be pleased to make, in which it requested the concurrence of the
Senate, as follows:
Resolved ~by the House of Representatives {the Senate concurring), That the
two Houses of Congress assemble in the Hall of the House of Representatives
on Monday, the 8th day of December 1941, at 12:30 o'clock in the afternoon,
for the purpose of receiving such communications as the President of the United
States shall be pleased to make to them.
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CALL OF THE ROLL

Mr. HILL. I suggest the absence of a quorum.
The VICE PRESIDENT. The clerk will call the roll.
The Chief Clerk called the roll.
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The VICE PRESIDENT. Eighty-two Senators have answered to their
names. A quorum is present.
JOINT MEETING OF THE TWO HOUSES

Mr. BARKLEY. Mr. President, I ask that the concurrent resolution
just received from the House of Representatives be laid before the
Senate.
The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the concurrent resolution (H. Con. Res. 61), providing for a joint session of the two
Houses of Congress on Monday, December 8, 1941, for the purpose of
receiving such communications as the President of the United States
shall be pleased to make, which was read as follows:
Resolved ly the House of Representatives {the Senate concurring), That the
two Houses of Congress assemble in the Hall of the House of Representatives
on Monday, the 8th day of December 1941, at 12:30 o'clock in the afternoon,
5

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY

for the purpose of receiving such communications as the President of the United
States shall be pleased to make to them.

Mr. BARKLEY. I move that the Senate concur in the resolution.
The VICE PRESIDENT. Without objection, the resolution is concurred
in unanimously.
Mr. BARKLEY. I now move that the Senate proceed to the Hall of
the House of Representatives, in compliance with the concurrent resolution just adopted.
The motion was agreed to; and (at 12 o'clock and 10 minutes p. m.)
the Senate, escorted by the Secretary, Edwin A. Halsey, and Sergeant
at Arms, Chesley W. Jurney, and preceded by the Vice President and
the President pro tempore, proceeded to the Hall of the House of
Representatives.

JOINT SESSION OF THE CONGRESS
MONDAY, DECEMBER 8, 1941
JOINT MEETING OF THE HOUSE AND SENATE

The Doorkeeper, Mr. Joseph J. Sinnott, announced the Vice President of the United States and the Members of the United States
Senate.
The Senate, escorted by the Secretary, Edwin A. Halsey, and the
Sergeant at Arms, Chesley W. Jurney, and preceded by the Vice President and the President pro tempore, entered the Chamber.
The Vice President took the chair at the right of the Speaker, and
the Members of the Senate took the seats reserved for them.
The Doorkeeper also announced the Chief Justice of the United
States and the Associate Justices of the Supreme Court.
The SPEAKER. On behalf of the House the Chair appoints the following committee to conduct the President into the Chamber: Messrs.
McCormack, Doughton, and Martin of Massachusetts.
The VICE PRESIDENT. The Chair appoints as members on the part
of the Senate to conduct the President into the Chamber, the following
Members of the Senate: The Senator from Virginia [Mr. Glass], the
Senator from Kentucky [Mr. Barkley], and the Senator from Oregon
[Mr. McNary].
The Doorkeeper announced the. members of the Cabinet of the
United States.
At 12 o'clock and 29 minutes p. m., the President of the United
States, escorted by the committee of Senators and Representatives,
entered the Hall of the House and stood at the Clerk's desk.
The SPEAKER. Senators and Representatives of the Seventy-seventh
Congress, I have the distinguished honor of presenting the President
of the United States.
ADDRESS BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES

The address delivered by the President of the United States to the
joint meeting of the two Houses of Congress held this day is as
follows:
To the Congress of the United States:
Yesterday, December 7, 1941—a date which will live in infamy—
the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked
by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.
7

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY

The United States was at peace with that nation and, at the solicitation of Japan, was still in conversation with its Government and
its Emperor looking toward the maintenance of peace in the Pacific.
Indeed, 1 hour after Japanese air squadrons had commenced bombing
in Oahu, the Japanese Ambassador to the United States and his colleague delivered to the Secretary of State a formal reply to a recent
American message. While this reply stated that it seemed useless
to continue the existing diplomatic negotiations, it contained no
threat or hint of war or armed attack.
It will be recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes
it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or
even weeks ago. During the intervening time the Japanese Government has deliberately sought to deceive the United States by false
statements and expressions of hope for continued peace.
The attack yesterday on the Hawaiian Islands has caused severe
damage to American naval and military forces. Very many American lives have been lost. In addition American ships have been
reported torpedoed on the high seas between San Francisco and
Honolulu.
Yesterday the Japanese Government also launched an attack
against Malaya.
Last night Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong.
Last night Japanese forces attacked Guam.
Last night Japanese forces attacked the Philippine Islands.
Last night the Japanese attacked Wake Island.
This morning the Japanese attacked Midway Island.
Japan has, therefore, undertaken a surprise offensive extending
throughout the Pacific area. The facts of yesterday speak for themselves. The people of the United States have already formed their
opinions and well understand the implications to the very life and
safety of our Nation.
As Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy I have directed
that all measures be taken for our defense.
Always will we remember the character of the onslaught against us.
No matter how long it may take us to overcome this premeditated
invasion, the American people, in their righteous might, will win
through to absolute victory.
I believe I interpret the will of the Congress and of the people
when I assert that we will not only defend ourselves to the uttermost but will make very certain that this form of treachery shall
never endanger us again.
Hostilities exist. There is no blinking at the fact that our people,
our territory, and our interests are in grave danger.

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY

With confidence in our armed forces—with the unbounded determination of our people—we will gain the inevitable triumph—
so help us God.
I ask that the Congress declare that since the unprovoked and
dastardly attack by Japan on Sunday, December 7, a state of war has
existed between the United States and the Japanese Empire.
FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT.
THE WHITE HOUSE, December £,

Thereupon (at 12 o'clock and 39 minutes p. m.) the President
of the United States retired from the Hall of the House.
The Speaker announced that the joint session was dissolved.
Thereupon the Vice President and the Members di the Senate,
the members of the Cabinet, and the Chief Justice and the Associate
Justices of the Supreme Court retired from the Chamber.

S. Doc. 148, 77-1-

PROCEEDINGS IN THE SENATE
MONDAY, DECEMBER 8, 1941
DECLARATION OF STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN

The Senate having returned to its chamber (at 12 o'clock and 47
minutes p. m.), it reassembled and the Vice President resumed the
Chair.
Mr. BARKLEY. I suggest the absence of a quorum.
The VICE PRESIDENT. The clerk will call the roll. The legislative
clerk called the roll.
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The VICE PRESIDENT. Eighty-two Senators have answered to their
names. A quorum is present.
Mr. CONNALLY. Mr. President, I introduce a joint resolution, and
ask for its immediate consideration without reference to a committee.
The VICE PRESIDENT. The joint resolution will be read.
The joint resolution (S. J. Res. 116) declaring that a state of war
exists between the Imperial Government of Japan and the Government and the people of the United States, and making provision to
prosecute the same, was read the first time by its title, and the second
time at length, as follows:
Whereas the Imperial Government of Japan has committed unprovoked acts
of war against the Government and the people of the United States of America:
Therefore be it
Resolved, etc., That the state of war between the United States and the
Imperial Government of Japan which has thus been thrust upon the United
States is hereby formally declared; and the President is hereby authorized and
directed to employ the entire naval and military forces of the United States
and the resources of the Government to carry on war against the Imperial
Government of Japan; and, to bring the conflict to a successful termination, all
of the resources of the country are hereby pledged by the Congress of the
United States.
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After debate.
The VICE PRESIDENT. The joint resolution having been read three
times the question is, Shall it pass ?
On that question the yeas and nays have been demanded and
ordered. The clerk will call the roll.
The Chief Clerk proceeded to call the rolL
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The result was announced: Yeas 82, nays, 0.
So the joint resolution was passed.

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY

THURSDAY, DECEMBER 11, 1941

The Senate met at 12 o'clock noon.
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MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT

The VICE PRESIDENT. The Chair lays before the Senate a message
from the President of the United States, which the clerk will read.
The Chief Clerk read as follows:
To the Congress of the United States:
On the morning of December 11 the Government of Germany,
pursuing its course of world conquest, declared war against the
United States.
The long known and the long expected has thus taken place. The
forces endeavoring to enslave the entire world now are moving toward
this hemisphere.
Never before has there been a greater challenge to life, liberty, and
civilization.
Delay invites greater danger. Rapid and united effort by all the
peoples of the world who are determined to remain free will insure
a world victory of the forces of justice and of righteousness over the
forces of savagery and of barbarism.
Italy also has declared war against the United States.
I therefore request the Congress to recognize a state of war between
the United States and Germany and between the United States and
Italy.
FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT.
T H E WHITE HOUSE,

December 11,191+1.

The VICE PRESIDENT. The message will be printed and referred
to the Committee on Foreign Relations.
DECLARATION OF STATE OF WAR WITH GERMANY

Mr. Connally, from the Committee on Foreign Relations, reported
an original joint resolution (S. J. Res. 119) declaring that a state
of war exists between the Government of Germany and the Government and the people of the United States, and making provision to
prosecute the same, which was read the first time by its title, and the
second time at length, as follows:
Whereas the Government of Germany has formally declared war against
the Government and the people of the United States of America: Therefore be it
Resolved, etc., That the state of war between the United States and the
Government of Germany, which has thus been thrust upon the United States,
is hereby formally declared; and the President is hereby authorized and directed

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY

to employ the entire naval and military forces of the United States and the
resources of the Government to carry on war against the Government of Germany ; and, to bring the conflict to a successful termination, ail of the resources
of the country are hereby pledged by the Congress of the United States.

Mr. CONNALLY. Mr. President, I shall presently ask unanimous
consent for the immediate consideration of the joint resolution just
read to the Senate. Before the request is submitted, however, I desire
to say that, being advised of the declaration of war upon the United
States by the Governments of Germany and Italy, and anticipating a
message by the President of the United States in relation thereto, and
after a conference with the Secretary of State, as chairman of the
Committee on Foreign Eelations, I called a meeting of the committee
this morning and submitted to the committee the course I expected
to pursue as chairman and the request which I expected to make.
I am authorized by the Committee on Foreign Relations to say to
the Senate that after consideration of the text of the joint resolution
which I have reported and after mature consideration of all aspects
of this matter, the membership of the Committee on Foreign Eelations
unanimously approve and agree to the course suggested. One member
of the committee was absent, but I have authority to express his views.
Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent for the present consideration
of the joint resolution.
The VICE PRESIDENT. IS there objection?
There being no objection, the Senate proceeded to consider the joint
resolution (S. J. Ees. 119) declaring that a state of war exists between
the Government of Germany and the Government and the people of
the United States, and making provision to prosecute the same.
The VICE PRESIDENT. The question is on the engrossment and third
reading of the joint resolution.
The joint resolution was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading,
and was read the third time.
The VICE PRESIDENT. The joint resolution having been read the third
time, the question is, Shall it pass ?
Mr. CONNALLY. On that question I ask for the yeas and nays.
The yeas and nays were ordered, and the Chief Clerk proceeded to
call the roll.
The result was announced—yeas 88, nays 0.
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So the joint resolution (S. J. Ees. 119) was passed.
The preamble was agreed to.

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY
DECLARATION OF STATE OF WAR WITH ITALY

Mr. Connally, from the Committee on Foreign Relations, reported
an original joint resolution (S. J. Res. 120) declaring that a state
of war exists between the Government of Italy and the Government
and the people of the United States and making .provision to prosecute
the same, which was read the first time by its title and the second time
at length, as follows:
Whereas the Government of Italy has formally declared war against the
Government and the people of the United States of America: Therefore be it
Resolved, etc., That the state of war between the United States and the Government of Italy which has thus been thrust upon the United States is hereby formally
declared; and the President is hereby authorized and directed to employ the entire
naval and military forces of the United States and the resources of the Government to carry on war against the Government of Italy; and, to bring the conflict
to a successful termination, all of the resources of the country are hereby pledged
by the Congress of the United States.

Mr. CONNALLY. Mr. President, with the same statement which I
made earlier with regard to the Senate Joint Resolution 119 which
has just been passed, I ask unanimous consent for the present consideration of Senate Joint Resolution 120.
The VICE PRESIDENT. I S there objection to the present consideration
of the joint resolution?
There being no objection, the Senate proceeded to consider the joint
resolution (S. J. Res. 120) declaring that a state of war exists between
the Government of Italy and the Government and the people of the
United States and making provision to prosecute the same.
The VICE PRESIDENT. The question is on the engrossment and third
reading of the joint resolution.
The joint resolution was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading,
and was read the third time.
The VICE PRESIDENT. The joint resolution having been read the third
time, the question is, Shall it pass ?
Mr. CONNALLY. Mr. President, on the passage of the joint resolution,
I ask for the yeas and nays.
The yeas and nays were ordered.
The legislative clerk proceeded to call the roll.
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The result was announced—yeas 90, nays 0.
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So the joint resolution (S. J. Res. 120) was passed.

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY

RESOLUTION OF THE REPUBLICAN CONFERENCE

Mr. MCNARY. Mr. President, yesterday I issued a call for a Republican conference. The conference was had this morning and a resolution was unanimously adopted, which I ask unanimous consent that
the clerk may read.
The VICE PRESIDENT. Without objection, the resolution will be read.
The Chief Clerk read as follows:
Resolved, That the Republican conference pledge to the President of the United
States its unanimous support in the vigorous and efficient prosecution of the war.

Mr. BARKLEY. Mr. President, on my own behalf and on behalf of
the majority, and I am sure on behalf of the country, I wish to assure
the Senator from Oregon, as minority leader, of our deep appreciation,
not only of their resolution just presented by him but of his cooperation and that of his Kepublican colleagues in the prosecution of this
war which has been thrust upon the United States.

PROCEEDINGS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
MONDAY, DECEMBER 8, 1941

The joint session of the Senate and the House having been dissolved, the House was called to order by the Speaker at 12 o'clock
and 46 minutes p. m.

Mr. MCCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that the
message of the President of the United States be referred to the
Committee on Foreign Affairs and ordered to be printed.
The SPEAKER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
There was no objection.
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WAR RESOLUTION

Mr. MCCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I move to suspend the rules and
pass House Joint Resolution 254, which I send to the desk.
The SPEAKER. The Clerk will read the joint resolution.
The Clerk read as follows:
Declaring that a state of war exists between the Imperial Government of
Japan and the Government and the people of the United States and making
provisions to prosecute the same.
Whereas the Imperial Government of Japan has committed repeated acts
of war against the Government and the people of the United States of America:
Therefore be it
Resolved, etc., That the state of war between the United States and the Imperial Government of Japan which has thus been thrust upon the United States
is hereby formally declared; and that the President be, and he is hereby,
authorized and directed to employ the entire naval and military forces of the
United States and the resources of the Government to carry on war against
the Imperial Government of Japan; and to bring the conflict to a successful
termination all of the resources of the country are hereby pledged by the
Congress of the United States.

The SPEAKER. I S a second demanded?
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Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, I demand a second.
The SPEAKER. Without objection, a second is considered as ordered.
There was no objection.
S. Doc. 148, 77-1

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY

The SPEAKER. The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. McCormack].
Mr. MCCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself 20 seconds.
Mr. Speaker and my fellow Americans, the President of the United
States has just spoken to the Congress and to the American people.
A dastardly attack has been made upon us. This is the time for
action.
After debate.
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Mr. MCCORMACK. Mr*. Speaker, I ask for a vote, and on that I demand
the yeas and nays.
The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Massachusetts demands the yeas
and nays. Those who favor taking this vote by the yeas and nays
will rise and remain standing until counted.
The SPEAKER. The yeas and nays were ordered. The question is,
Will the House suspend the rules and pass the resolution?
The question was taken; and there were—yeas 388, nays 1.
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So (two-thirds having voted in favor thereof) the rules were suspended, and the joint resolution was passed.
The SPEAKER. The Chair desires to announce that he has held in
the past and will hold henceforth that it is contrary to the rules of
the House for any Member to announce how an absent Member would
vote if present.
The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.
GENERAL EXTENSION OF REMARKS

Mr. MCCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all
Members may be permitted to extend their own remarks on the
resolution just acted upon immediately prior to the roll call.
The SPEAKER. I S there objection to the request of the gentleman
from Massachusetts [Mr. McCormack] ?
Mr. TERRY. Mr. Speaker, reserving the right to object, will that
permit one to include in his remarks a telegram from a colleague
showing how he would have voted?
The SPEAKER. His own remarks only, Is there objection to the
request of the gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. McCormack] ?
There was no objection.
Mr. MCCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, a number of Members are unavoidably absent and on their way here. I ask unanimous consent that all

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY

Members may have 5 legislative days in which to extend their own
remarks on the resolution just adopted.
The SPEAKER. I S there objection to the request of the gentleman
from Massachusetts [Mr. McCormack] ?
There was no objection.
DECLARATION OF WAR

Mr. MCCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to take
from the Speaker's table the Senate joint resolution (S. J. Ees. 116)
declaring that a state of war exists between the Imperial Government
of Japan and the Government and the people of the United States,
and making provision to prosecute the same, and agree to the same.
The Clerk read the Senate joint resolution, as follows:
Whereas the Imperial Government of Japan has committed repeated acts of
war against the Government and the people of the United States of America:
Therefore be it
Resolved, etc., That the state of war between the United States and the
Imperial Government of Japan which has thus been thrust upon the United
States is hereby formally declared; and that the President be, and he is hereby,
authorized and directed to employ the entire naval and military forces of the
United States and the resources of the Government to carry on war against the
Imperial Government of Japan; and, to bring the conflict to a successful
termination, all of the resources of the country are hereby pledged by the
Congress of the United States.

The SPEAKER. IS there objection to the request of the gentleman
from Massachusetts [Mr. McCormack] ?
Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, reserving the right to
object—and, of course, I am not going to object—this is the same
declaration that we just passed?
The SPEAKER. The same.
Mr. MCCORMACK. Yes.

The SPEAKER. I S there objection to the request of the gentleman
from Massachusetts [Mr. McCormack] ?
There was no objection.
The Senate joint resolution was ordered to be read a third time,
was read the third time, and passed, and a motion to reconsider was
laid on the table.
Mr. MCCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that the
proceedings by which the House passed House Joint Resolution 254
be vacated and that the resolution be laid on the table.
The SPEAKER. I S there objection to the request of the gentleman
from Massachusetts [Mr. McCormack] ?
There was no objection.

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY
THURSDAY, DECEMBER 11, 1941

DECLARATION OF WAR BY GERMANY AND ITALY AGAINST THE UNITED STATES

The Speaker laid before the House the following message from the
President of the United States, which was read:
To the Congress of the United States:
On the morning of December 11, the Government of Germany,
pursuing its course of world conquest, declared war against the United
States.
The long known and the long expected has thus taken place. The
forces endeavoring to enslave the entire world now are moving toward
this hemisphere.
Never before has there been a greater challenge to life, liberty, and
civilization.
Delay invites greater danger. Rapid and united effort by all of
the peoples of the world who are determined to remain free will insure
a world victory of the forces of justice and of righteousness over the
forces of savagery and of barbarism.
Italy also has declared war against the United States.
I, therefore, request the Congress to recognize a state of war between
the United States and Germany, and between the United States and
Italy.
FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT.
THE WHITE HOUSE,

December 11,1941.
Mr. MCCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I move that the message of the
President be referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and
ordered printed.
The motion was agreed to.
DECLARATION OF WAR AGAINST GERMANY

Mr. MCCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I move to suspend the rules and
pass House Joint Resolution 256, which I send to the desk and ask
to have read.
The Clerk read as follows.
Whereas the Government of Germany has formally declared war against the
Government and the people of the United States of America : Therefore be it
Resolved, etc., That the state of war between the United States and the
Government of Germany which has thus been thrust upon the United States
is hereby formally declared; and the President is hereby authorized and
directed to employ the entire naval and military forces of the United States
and the resources of the Government to carry on war against the Government

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY

of Germany; and, to bring the conflict to a successful termination, all of the
resources of the country are hereby pledged by the Congress of the United
States.

The SPEAKER. The question is, Will the House suspend the rules
and pass the joint resolution?
Mr. MOCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and nays.
The yeas and nays were ordered.
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The question was taken; and there were—yeas 393, answered
"present" 1, not voting 36.
So (two-thirds having voted in favor thereof) the rules were
suspended, and the resolution was agreed to.
A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.
MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE

A message from the Senate, by Mr. Frazier, its legislative clerk,
announced that the Senate had passed joint resolutions of the following titles, in which the concurrence of the House is requested:
S. J. Res. 119. Joint resolution declaring that a state of war exists between
the Government of Germany and the Government and the people of the United
States and making provision to prosecute the same; and
S. J. Res. 120. Joint resolution declaring that a state of war exists between
the Government of Italy and the Government and the people of the United States
and making provision to prosecute the same.
DECLARATION OF WAR AGAINST GERMANY

Mr. MCCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to take
from the Speaker's table Senate Joint Resolution 119, which is
identical with the resolution just adopted by the House, and pass the
Senate resolution.
The Clerk read the title of the resolution.
The SPEAKER. IS there objection to the request of the gentleman
from Massachusetts ?
There was no objection.
The Senate joint resolution was read a third time, and passed.
A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.
Mr. MOCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that the
action just taken by the House in the passage of House Joint Resolution 256 be vacated and that the resolution be laid on the table.
The SPEAKER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
There was no objection.

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY
DECLARATION OF WAR AGAINST ITALY

Mr. MCCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I move to suspend the rule and pass
Senate Joint Eesolution 120, which I have sent to the Clerk's desk.
The Clerk read as follows:
Whereas the Government of Italy has formally declared war against the
Government and the people of the United States of America *. Therefore be it
Resolved, etc., That the state of war between the United States and the Government of Italy, which has thus been thrust upon the United States, is hereby
formally declared; and the President is hereby authorized and directed to employ
the entire naval and military forces of the United States and the resources of
the Government to carry on war against the Government of Italy; and, to bring
the conflict to a successful termination, all of the resources of the country are
hereby pledged by the Congress of the United States.

The SPEAKER. The question is, Will the House suspend the rules
and pass the resolution ?
Mr. MOCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, on this vote I ask for the yeas and
nays.
The yeas and nays were ordered.
The question was taken; and there were—yeas 399, answered "present" 1, not voting 30, as follows:
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
So, two-thirds having voted in favor thereof, the rules were
suspended and the resolution was agreed to.
A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

RADIO ADDRESS BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED
STATES BROADCAST FROM THE WHITE HOUSE, ON
TUESDAY, DECEMBER 9, 1941
WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 10, 1941
WAR WITH JAPAN

Mr. BARKLEY. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent to have
printed in the Record the address delivered last evening by the President of the United States over a Nation-wide radio hook-up.
There being no objection, the address was ordered to be printed in
the Record, as follows:
Fellow Citizens:
The sudden criminal attacks perpetrated by the Japanese in tne
Pacific provide the climax of a decade of international immorality.
Powerful and resourceful gangsters have banded together to make
war upon the whole human race. Their challenge has now been flung
at the United States of America. The Japanese have treacherously
violated the long-standing peace between us. Many American soldiers
and sailors have been killed by enemy action. American ships have
been sunk, American airplanes have been destroyed.
The Congress and the people of the United States have accepted
that challenge.
Together with other free peoples, we are now fighting to maintain
our right to live among our world neighbors in freedom and in common
decency, without fear of assault.
I have prepared the full record of our past relations with Japan,
and it will be submitted to the Congress. I t begins with the visit of
Commodore Perry to Japan 88 years ago. It ends with the visit of
two Japanese emissaries to the Secretary of State last Sunday, an
hour after Japanese forces had loosed their bombs and machine guns
against our flag, our forces, and our citizens.
I can say with utmost confidence that no Americans today or a
thousand years hence, need feel anything but pride in our patience
and our efforts through all the years toward achieving a peace in
the Pacific which would be fair and honorable to every nation, large
or small. And no honest person, today or a thousand years hence,
will be able to suppress a sense of indignation and horror at the
treachery committed by the military dictators of Japan, under the
very shadow of the flag of peace borne by their special envoys in our
midst.
23

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY

The course that Japan has followed for the past 10 years in Asia
has paralleled the course of Hitler and Mussolini in Europe and
Africa. Today, it has become far more than a parallel. It is collaboration so well calculated that all the continents of the world, and
all the oceans, are now considered by the Axis strategists as one
gigantic battlefield.
In 1931, Japan invaded Manchukuo—without warning.
In 1935, Italy invaded Ethiopia—without warning.
In 1938, Hitler occupied Austria—without warning.
In 1939, Hitler invaded Czechoslovakia—without warning.
Later in 1939, Hitler invaded Poland—without warning.
In 1940, Hitler invaded Norway, Denmark, Holland, Belgium, and
Luxemburg—without warning.
In 1940, Italy attacked France and later Greece—without warning.
In 1941, the Axis Powers attacked Jugoslavia and Greece and they
dominated the Balkans—without warning.
In 1941, Hitler invaded Russia—without warning.
And now Japan has attacked Malaya and Thailand—and the
United States—without warning.
It is all of one pattern.
We are now in this war. We are all in it—all the way. Every
single man, woman, and child is a partner in the most tremendous
undertaking of our American history. We must share together the
bad news and the good news, the defeats and the victories—the changing fortunes of war.
So far, the news has all been bad. We have suffered a serious setback in Hawaii. Our forces in the Philippines, which include the
brave people of that commonwealth, are taking punishment, but are
defending themselves vigorously. The reports from Guam and Wake
and Midway Islands are still confused, but we must be prepared for
the announcement that all these three outposts have been seized.
The casualty lists of these first few days will undoubtedly be large.
I deeply feel the anxiety of all families of the men in our armed forces
and the relatives of people in cities which have been bombed. I can
only give them my solemn promise that they will get news just as
quickly as possible.
This Government will put its trust in the stamina of the American
people, and will give the facts to the public as soon as two conditions
have been fulfilled: First, that the information has been definitely
and officially confirmed; and, second, that the release of the information at the time it is received will not prove valuable to the enemy,
directly or indirectly.
Most earnestly I urge my countrymen to reject all rumors. These
ugly little hints of complete disaster fly thick and fast in wartime.
They have to be examined and appraised.

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY

As an example, I can tell you frankly that until further surveys
are made, I have not sufficient information to state the exact damage
which has been done to our naval vessels at Pearl Harbor. Admittedly the damage is serious. But no one can say how serious, until
we know how much of this damage can be repaired and how quickly
the necessary repairs can be made.
I cite as another example a statement made on Sunday night that
a Japanese carrier had been located and sunk off the Canal Zone.
And when you hear statements that are attributed to what they call
"an authoritative source," you can be reasonably sure that under these
war circumstances the "authoritative source" was not any person in
authority.
Many rumors and reports which we now hear originate with enemy
sources. For instance, today the Japanese are claiming that as a result
of their one action against Hawaii they have gained naval supremacy
in the Pacific. This is an old trick of propaganda which has been used
innumerable times by the Nazis. The purposes of such fantastic claims
are, of course, to spread fear and confusion among us, and to goad us
into revealing military information which our enemies are desperately
anxious to obtain.
Our Government will not be caught in this obvious trap—and
neither will our people.
It must be remembered by each and every one of us that our free and
rapid communication must be greatly restricted in wartime. It is not
possible to receive full, speedy, accurate reports from distant areas of
combat. This is particularly true where naval operations are concerned. For in these days of the marvels of radio it is often impossible
for the commanders of various units to report their activities by radio,
for the very simple reason that this information would become available to the enemy, and would disclose their position and their plan
of defense or attack.
Of necessity there will be delays in officially confirming or denying
reports of operations but we will not hide facts from the country if we
know the facts and if the enemy will not be aided by their disclosure.
To all newspapers and radio stations—all those who reach the eyes
and ears of the American people—I say this: You have a most grave
responsibility to the Nation now and for the duration of this war.
If you feel that your Government is not disclosing enough of the
truth, you have every right to say so. But—in the absence of all the
facts, as revealed by official sources—you have no right to deal out
unconfirmed reports in such a way as to make people believe they are
gospel truth.
Every citizen, in every walk of life, shares this same responsibility.

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY

The lives of our soldiers and sailors—the whole future of this Nation—
depend upon the manner in which each and every one of us fulfills his
obligation to our country.
Now a word about the recent past—and the future. A year and a
half has elapsed since the fall of France, when the whole world first
realized the mechanized might which the Axis nations had been building for so many years. America has used that year and a half to great
advantage. Knowing that the attack might reach us in all too short a
time, we immediately began greatly to increase our industrial strength
and our capacity to meet the demands of modern warfare.
Precious months were gained by sending vast quantities of our war
materials to the nations of the world still able to resist Axis aggression.
Our policy rested on the fundamental truth that the defense of any
country resisting Hitler or Japan was in the long run the defense of
our own country. That policy has been justified. It has given us time,
invaluable time, to build our American assembly lines of production.
Assembly lines are now in operation. Others are being rushed to
completion. A steady stream of tanks and planes, of guns and ships,
of shells and equipment—that is what these 18 months have given us.
But it is all only a beginning of what has to be done. We must
be set to face a long war against crafty and powerful bandits. The
attack at Pearl Harbor can be repeated at any one of many points
in both oceans and along both our coast lines and against all the rest
of the hemisphere.
It will not only be a long war, it will be a hard war. That is the
basis on which we now lay all our plans. That is the yardstick by
which we measure what we shall need and demand—money, materials,
doubled and quadrupled production, ever increasing. The production
must be not only for our own Army and Navy and air forces. I t must
reinforce the other armies and navies and air forces fighting the Nazis
and the war lords of Japan throughout the Americas and the world.
I have been working today on the subject of production. Your
Government has decided on two broad policies.
The first is to speed up all existing production by working on a
7-day-week basis in every war industry, including the production of
essential raw materials.
The second policy, now being put into form, is to rush additions to
the capacity of production by building more new plants, by adding to
old plants, and by using the many smaller plants for war needs.
Over the hard road of the past months we have at times met obstacles
and difficulties, divisions and disputes, indifference and callousness.
That is now all past and, I am sure, forgotten.
The fact is that the country now has an organization in Washington
built around men and women who are recognized experts in their own

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY

fields. I think the country knows that the people who are actually
responsible in each and every one of these many fields are pulling
together with a teamwork that has never before been excelled.
On the road ahead there lies hard work—gruelling work—day and
night, every hour and every minute.
I was about to add that ahead there lies sacrifice for all of us.
But it is not correct to use that word. The United States does not
consider it a sacrifice to do all one can, to give one's best to our Nation,
when the Nation is fighting for its existence and its future life.
I t is not a sacrifice for any man, old or young, to be in the Army or
the Navy of the United States. Rather is it a privilege.
I t is not a sacrifice for the industrialist or the wage earner, the
farmer or the shopkeeper, the trainman or the doctor, to pay more
taxes, to buy more bonds, to forego extra profits, to work longer or
harder at the task for which he is best fitted. Rather is it a privilege.
It is not a sacrifice to do without many things to which we are
accustomed if the national defense calls for doing without.
A review this morning leads me to the conclusion that at present we
shall not have to curtail the normal articles of food. There is enough
food for all of us and enough left over to send to those who are
fighting on the same side with us.
There will be a clear and definite shortage of metals of many kinds
for civilian use, for the very good reason that in our increased program
we shall need for war purposes more than half of that portion of the
principal metals which during the past year have gone into articles
for civilian use. We shall have to give up many things entirely.
I am sure that the people in every part of the Nation are prepared
in their individual living to win this war. I am sure they will cheeriully help to pay a large part of its financial cost while it goes on. I
am sure they will cheerfully give up those material things they are
asked to give up.
I am sure that they will retain all those great spiritual things without which we cannot win through.
I repeat that the United States can accept no result save victory,
final and complete. Not only must the shame of Japanese treachery
be wiped out, but the sources of international brutality, wherever they
exist, must be absolutely and finally broken.
In my message to the Congress yesterday I said that we "will make
very certain that this form of treachery shall never endanger us again."
In order to achieve that certainty, we must begin the great task that
is before us by abandoning once and for all the illusion that we can
ever again isolate ourselves from the rest of humanity.
In these past few years—and, most violently, in the past few days—
we have learned a terrible lesson.

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY

It is our obligation to our dead—it is our sacred obligation to their
children and our children—that we must never forget what we have
learned.
And what we all have learned is this:
There is no such thing as security for any nation—or any individual—in a world ruled by the principles of gangsterism.
There is no such thing as impregnable defense against powerful
aggressors who sneak up in the dark and strike without warning.
We have learned that our ocean-girt hemisphere is not immune from
severe attack—that we cannot measure our safety in terms of miles on
any map.
We may acknowledge that our enemies have performed a brilliant
feat of deception, perfectly timed and executed with great skill. It
was a thoroughly dishonorable deed, but we must face the fact that
modern warfare as conducted in the Nazi manner is a dirty business.
We don't like it—we didn't want to get in it—but we are in it, and we're
going to fight it with everything we've got.
I do not think any American has any doubt of our ability to administer proper punishment to the perpetrators of these crimes.
Your Government knows that for weeks Germany has been telling
Japan that if Japan did not attack the United States, Japan would not
share in dividing the spoils with Germany when peace came. She was
promised by Germany that if she came in she would receive the complete and perpetual control of the whole of the Pacific area—and that
means not only the Far East, not only all of the islands in the Pacific,
but also a stranglehold on the west coast of North, Central, and South
America.
We also know that Germany and Japan are conducting their military and naval operations in accordance with a joint plan. That plan
considers all peoples and nations which are not helping the Axis
Powers as common enemies of each and every one of the Axis Powers.
That is their simple and obvious grand strategy. That is why the
American people must realize that it can be matched only with similar
grand strategy. We must realize, for example, that Japanese successes
against the United States in the Pacific are helpful to German operations in Libya; that any German success against the Caucasus is inevitably an assistance to Japan in her operations against the Dutch
East Indies; that a German attack against Algiers or Morocco opens
the way to a German attack against South America.
On the other side of the picture we must learn to know that guerilla
warfare against the Germans in Serbia helps us; that a successful Russian offensive against the Germans helps us; and that British successes
on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY

Remember always that Germany and Italy, regardless of any formal
declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the United States
at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with
Britain and Eussia. And Germany puts all the other republics of the
Americas into the category of enemies. The people of the hemisphere
can be honored by that.
The true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle
When we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this
force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. We Americans are not destroyers; we are builders.
We are now in the midst of a war, not for conquest, not for vengeance, but for a world in which this Nation, and all that this Nation
represents, will be safe for our children. We expect to eliminate the
danger from Japan, but it would serve us ill if we accomplished that
and found that the rest of the world was dominated by Hitler and
Mussolini.
We are going to win the war, and we are going to win the peace that
follows.
And in the dark hours of this day—and through dark days that may
be yet to come—we will know that the vast majority of the members
of the human race are on our side. Many of them are fighting with
us. All of them are praying for us. For, in representing our cause,
we represent theirs as well—our hope and their hope for liberty under
God.

WAR WITH JAPAN
[ALIEN ENEMIES—JAPANESE]

BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
A PROCLAMATION

Authority
Whereas it is provided by Section 21 of Title 50 of the United
States Code as follows:
Whenever there is a declared war between the United States and any foreign
nation or government, or any invasion or predatory incursion is perpetrated,
attempted, or threatened against the territory of the United States by any foreign nation or government, and the President makes public proclamation of
the event, all natives, citizens, denizens, or subjects of the hostile nation or
government, being of the.age of fourteen years and upward, who shall be within
the United States and not actually naturalized, shall be liable to be apprehended,
restrained, secured, and removed as alien enemies. The President is authorized in any such event, by his proclamation thereof, or other public act, to
direct the conduct to be observed, on the part of the United States, toward the
aliens who become so liable; the manner and degree of the restraint to which
they shall be subject and in what cases, and upon what security their residence
shall be permitted, and to provide for the removal of those who, not being
permitted to reside within the United States, refuse or neglect to depart therefrom; and to establish any other regulations which are found necessary in the
premises and for the public safety.
and
Whereas by Sections 2, 23 and 24 of Title 50 of the United States
Code further provision is made relative to alien enemies:
PBOCLAMATION
Now, therefore, I, Franklin D. Koosevelt, as President of the
United States, and as Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of
the United States, do hereby make public proclamation to all whom
it may concern that an invasion has been perpetrated upon the territory of the United States by the Empire of Japan.
Conduct to be observed by alien enemies
And, acting under and by virtue of the authority vested in me by
the Constitution of the United States and the said sections of the
United States Code, I do hereby further proclaim and direct that
31

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY

the conduct to be observed on the part of the United States toward
all natives, citizens, denizens or subjects of the Empire of Japan
being of the age of fourteen years and upwards who shall be within
the United States or within any territories in any way subject to the
jurisdiction of the United States and not actually naturalized, who
for the purpose of this Proclamation and under such sections of the
United States Code are termed alien enemies, shall be as follows:
All alien enemies are enjoined to preserve the peace towards the
United States and to refrain from crime against the public safety,
and from violating the laws of the United States and of the States
and Territories thereof; and to refrain from actual hostility or giving
information, aid or comfort to the enemies of the United States or
interfering by word or deed with the defense of the United States
or the political processes and public opinions thereof • and to comply
strictly with the regulations which are hereby or which may be from
time to time promulgated by the President.
All alien enemies shall be liable to restraint, or to give security, or
to remove and depart from the United States in the manner prescribed by Sections 23 and 24 of Title 50 of the United States Code,
and as prescribed in the regulations duly promulgated by the
President.
Didies and authority of the Attorney General and the Secretary of
War
And, pursuant to the authority vested in me, I hereby charge the
Attorney General with the duty of executing all the regulations hereinafter contained regarding the conduct of alien enemies within continental United States, Puerto Eico, the Virgin Islands and Alaska,
and the Secretary of War with the duty of executing the regulations
which are hereinafter set forth and which may be hereafter adopted
regarding the conduct of alien enemies in the Canal Zone, the Hawaiian
Islands and the Philippine Islands. Each of them is specifically directed to cause the apprehension of such alien enemies as in the judgment of each are subject to apprehension or deportation under such
regulations. In carrying out such regulations within the continental
United States, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands and Alaska, the Attorney General is authorized to utilize such agents, agencies, officers and
departments of the United States and of the several states, territories,
dependencies and municipalities thereof and of the District of Columbia as he may select for the purpose. Similarly the Secretary of War
in carrying out such regulations in the Canal Zone, the Hawaiian
Islands and the Philippine Islands is authorized to use such agents,
agencies, officers and departments of the United States and of the

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY

territories, dependencies and municipalities thereof as he may select
for the purpose. All such agents, agencies^ officers and departments are
hereby granted full authority for all acts done by them in the execution of such regulations when acting by direction of the Attorney
General or the Secretary of War, as the case may be.
BEGU3LATI0NS

And, pursuant to the authority vested in me, I hereby declare and
establish the following regulations which I find necessary in the
premises and for the public safety:
(1) No alien enemy shall enter or be found within the Canal Zone
and no alien enemy shall enter or leave the Hawaiian Islands or the
Philippine Islands except under such regulations as the Secretary of
War shall from time to time prescribe. Any alien enemy found in the
Canal Zone, the Hawaiian Islands, or the Philippine Islands in violation of any such regulations and any alien enemy who enters or is
found within any restricted area to be hereafter prescribed by the
Military Commanders of each such territory in the Canal Zone, the
Hawaiian Islands, and the Philippine Islands, may be immediately
apprehended by authority of the Military Governors in each such
territory, or if there be no Military Governor, then by authority of
the Secretary of War, and detained until it is determined, under the
regulations to*be prescribed by the Secretary of War, whether any
such alien enemy should be permanently interned following which
such alien enemy shall either be released, released on bond, or permanently interned, as the case may be.
(2) The exercise of the power to prescribe restricted areas and the
power of arrest, detention and internment of alien enemies in the Canal
Zone, the Hawaiian Islands or the Philippine Islands shall be under
the jurisdiction of the Military Commanders of each such territory,
each acting under such regulations as the Secretary of War shall hereafter prescribe.
(3) No alien enemy shall enter or leave Alaska, Puerto Kico or the
Virgin Islands except under such regulations as the Attorney General
shall from time to time prescribe. Any alien enemy found in Alaska,
Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands in violation- of any such regulations
and any alien enemy who enters or is found within any restricted
area to be hereafter prescribed by the Military Commanders of each
such territory in Alaska, Puerto Rico and by the Naval Commander in
the Virgin Islands, shall be immediately apprehended by the authority
of the Attorney General acting through the United States Attorney in
each such territory and detained until it is determined, under the regulations to be prescribed by the Attorney General, whether any such

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY

alien enemy shall either be released, released on bond, or permanently
interned, as the case may be.
(4) The Military Commanders in Alaska and Puerto Rico and the
Naval Commander in the Virgin Islands shall have the power to prescribe restricted areas.
(5) No alien enemy shall have in his possession, custody or control
at any time or place or use or operate any of the following enumerated
articles:
a. Firearms.
b. Weapons or implements of warNor component parts thereof.
c. Ammunition.
d. Bombs.
e. Explosives or material used in the manufacture of explosives.
f. Short-wave radio receiving sets.
g. Transmitting sets,
h. Signal devices.
i. Codes or ciphers.
j . Cameras.
k. Papers, documents or books in which there may be invisible writing; photograph, sketch, picture, drawing, map or graphical representation of any military or naval installations or equipment or of
any arms, ammunition, implements of war, device or thing used or
intended to be used in the combat equipment of the -land or naval
forces of the United States or of any military or naval post, camp or
station.
All such property found in the possession of any alien enemy in
violation of the foregoing regulations shall be subject to seizure and
forfeiture.
(6) No alien enemy shall undertake any air flight or ascend into
the air in any airplane, aircraft or balloon of any sort whether owned
government ally, commercially or privately, except that travel by an
alien enemy in an airplane or aircraft may be authorized by the Attorney General, or his representative, or the Secretary of War, or his
representative, in their respective jurisdictions, under such regulations
as they shall prescribe.
(7) Alien enemies deemed dangerous to the public peace or safety
of the United States by the Attorney General or the Secretary of War,
as the case may be, are subject to summary apprehension. Such apprehension shall be made in the continental United States, Alaska, Puerto
Rico and the Virgin Islands by such duly authorized officer of the
Department of Justice as the Attorney General may determine. In
the Canal Zone, the Hawaiian Islands and the Philippine Islands, such
arrests shall be made by the Military Commanders in each such territory by authority of the respective Military Governors thereof, and

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY

if there be no Military Governor, then by authority of the Secretary
of War. Alien enemies arrested shall be subject to confinement in
such place of detention as may be directed by the officers responsible
for the execution of these regulations and for the arrest, detention
and internment of alien enemies in each case, or in such other places of
detention as may be directed from time to time by the Attorney
General, with respect to continental United States, Alaska, Puerto
Kico and the Virgin Islands, and by the Secretary of War with respect
to the Canal Zone, the Hawaiian Islands and the Philippine Islands,
and there confined until he shall have received such permit as the
Attorney General or the Secretary of War with respect to the CanaJ
Zone, the Hawaiian Islands and the Philippine Islands shall prescribe.
(8) No alien enemy shall land in, enter or leave or attempt to land
in, enter or leave the United States, except under the regulations
prescribed by the President in his Proclamation dated November 14,
1941,1 and the regulations promulgated thereunder or any proclamation or regulation promulgated hereafter.
(9) Whenever the Attorney General of the United States, with
respect to the continental United States, Alaska, Puerto Rico and the
Virgin Islands, or the Secretary of War, with respect to the Canal
Zone, the Hawaiian Islands, and the Philippine Islands, deems it to
be necessary, for the public safety and protection, to exclude alien
enemies from a designated area, surrounding any fort, camp, arsenal,
airport, landing field, aircraft station, electric or other power plant,
hydroelectric dam, government naval vessel, navy yard, pier, dock,
dry dock, or any factory, foundry, plant, workshop, storage yard, or
warehouse for the manufacture of munitions or implements of war
or any thing of any kind, nature or description for the use of the
Army, the Navy or any country allied or associated with the United
States, or in any wise connected with the national defense of the
United States, or from any locality in which residence by an alien
enemy shall be found to constitute a danger to the public peace and
safety of the United States or from a designated area surrounding
any canal or any wharf, pier, dock or dry dock used by ships or vessels
of any designated tonnage engaged in foreign or domestic trade, or
of any warehouse, shed, elevator, railroad terminal, depot or yard or
other terminal, storage or transfer facility, then no alien enemy shall
be found within such area or the immediate vicinity thereof. Any
alien enemy found within any such area or the immediate vicinity
thereof prescribed by the Attorney General or the Secretary of War,
as the case may be, pursuant to these regulations, shall be subject to
summary apprehension and to be dealt with as hereinabove prescribed.
1

6 F. R. 5821.

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY

(10) With respect to the continental United States, Alaska, PuertoRico, and the Virgin Islands, an alien enemy shall not change his placfr
of abode or occupation or otherwise travel or move from place to placa
without full compliance with any such regulations as the Attorney
General of the United States may, from time to time, make and declare; and the Attorney General is hereby authorized to make and
declare, from time to time, such regulations concerning the movements
of alien enemies within the continental United States, Alaska, PuertoRico and the Virgin Islands, as he may deem necessary in the premises
and for the public safety.
(11) With respect to the Canal Zone, the Hawaiian Islands and the
Philippine Islands, an alien enemy shall not change his place of abode
or occupation or otherwise travel or move from place to place without
full compliance with any such regulations as the Secretary of War
may, from time to time, make and declare; and the Secretary of War
is hereby authorized to make and declare, from time to time, such regulations concerning the movements of alien enemies within the Canal
Zone, the Hawaiian Islands, and the Philippine Islands as he may
deem necessary in the premises and for the public safety.
(12) No alien enemy shall enter or be found in or upon any highway, waterway, airway, railway, railroad, subway, public utility,
building, place or thing not open and accessible to the public generally,
and not generally used by the public.
(13) No alien enemy shall be a member or an officer of, or affiliated
with, any organization, group or assembly hereafter designated by the
Attorney General, nor shall any alien enemy advocate, defend or sub*
scribe to the acts, principles or policies thereof, attend any meetings,
conventions or gatherings thereof or possess or distribute any literature, propaganda or other writings or productions thereof.
This proclamation and the regulations herein contained shall extend
and apply to all land and water, continental or insular, in any way
within the jurisdiction of the United States.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal
of the United States of America to be affixed.
Done at the City of Washington this 7th day of December, in the
year of our Lord nineteen hundred and forty-one, and of the
[SEAL] Independence of the United States of America the one hundred and sixty-sixth.
FRANKLIN D ROOSEVELT

By the President :
CORDELL HULL,

Secretary of State.
[No. 2525]
[F. R. Doc. 41-9233 ; Filed, December 8,1941; 3 : 59 p. m.]

WAR WITH GERMANY
[ALIEN ENEMIES—GERMAN]

BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
A PROCLAMATION

Authority
Whereas it is provided by section 21 of title 50 of the United States
Code as follows:
Whenever there is a declared war between the United States and any foreign
nation or government, or any invasian or predatory incursion is perpetrated,
attempted, or threatened against the territory of the United States by any foreign
nation or government, and the President makes public proclamation of the event,
all natives, citizens, denizens, or subjects of the hostile nation or government,
t>eing of the age of fourteen years and upward, who shall be within the United
States and not actually naturalized, shall be liable to be apprehended, restrained,
secured, and removed as alien enemies. The President is authorized in any such
•event, by his proclamation thereof, or other public act, to direct the conduct to
4>e observed, on the part of the United States, toward the aliens who become so
liable; the manner and degree of the restraint to which they stall be -subject and
Av what cases, and upon wiat security tfaeir residence snail be permitted, ana to
pror^ide for the removal ©f those who, not "bei»g permitted to reside within the
United States, refuse or neglect to depart therefrom; and to establish any other
regulations which are found necessary in the premises and for the public safety.

And whereas by sections 22,23 and 24 of title 50 of the United States
Oode further provision is made relative to alien enemies:
PROCLAMATION

Now, therefor, I, Franklin D. Roosevelt, as President of the United
States aikd as Commander in Chief «of the Army and Navy of the
United States, do hereby make public proclamation to all whom it may
concern that an invasion or predatory incursion is threatened upon
the territory of the United States by Germany.
Conduct to be observed by alien enemies
And, acting under and by virtue of the authority vested in me by
the Constitution of the United States and the said sections of the
United States Code, I do hereby further proclaim and direct that the
conduct to be observed on the part of the United States toward all
natives, citizens, denizens or subjects of Germany being of the age of

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY

fourteen years and upwards who shall be within the United States or
within any territories in any way subject to the jurisdiction of the
United States and not actually naturalized, who for the purpose of
this Proclamation and under such sections of the United States Code
are termed alien enemies, shall be as follows:
All alien enemies are enjoined to preserve the peace towards the
United States and to refrain from crime against the public safety,
and from violating the laws of the United States and of the States and
Territories thereof; and to refrain from actual hostility or giving information, aid or comfort to the enemies of the United States or interfering by word or deed with the defense of the United States or the
political processes and public opinions thereof; and to comply strictly
with the regulations which are hereby or which may be from time to
time promulgated by the President.
All alien enemies shall be liable to restraint, or to give security, or
to remove and depart from the United States in the manner prescribed
by sections 23 and 24 of title 50 of the United States Code, and as prescribed in the regulations duly promulgated by the President.
Duties and authority of the Attorney General and the Secretary
of War
And, pursuant to the authority vested in me, I hereby charge the
Attorney General with the duty of executing all the regulations hereinafter prescribed regarding the conduct of alien enemies within continental United States, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands and Alaska,
and the Secretary of War with the duty of executing the regulations
which are hereinafter prescribed and which may be hereafter adopted
regarding the conduct of alien enemies in the Canal Zone, the Hawaiian Islands and the Philippine Islands. Each of them is specifically directed to cause the apprehension of such alien enemies as in
the judgment of each are subject to apprehension of deportation under
such regulations. In carrying out such regulations within the continental United States, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands and Alaska,
the Attorney General is authorized to utilize such agents, agencies,
officers and departments of the United States and of the several states,
territories, dependencies and municipalities thereof and of the District
of Columbia as he may select for the purpose. Similarly the Secretary
of War in carrying out such regulations in the Canal Zone, the Hawaiian Islands and the Philippine Islands is authorized to use such
agents, agencies, officers and departments of the United States and of
the territories, dependencies and municipalities thereof as he may
select for the purpose. All such agents, agencies, officers and departments are hereby granted full authority for all acts done by them in
the execution of such regulations when acting by direction of the
Attorney General or the Secretary of War, as the case may be.

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY

REGULATIONS

The regulations contained in Proclamation No. 2525 of December 7,
1941, relative to natives, citizens, denizens or subjects of Japan are
hereby incorporated in and made a part of this proclamation, and
shall be applicable to alien enemies defined in this proclamation.
This proclamation and the regulations herein prescribed shall extend
and apply to all land and water, continental or insular, in any way
within the jurisdiction of the United States.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal
of the United States of America to be affixed.
Done at the City of Washington this 8th day of December, in the
year of our Lord nineteen hundred and forty-one, and of the
[SEAL] Independence of the United States of America the one hundred and sixty-sixth.
FRANKLIN D KOOSEVELT

By the President:
CORDELL HULL,

Secretary of State.
[No. 2526]
[F. R. Doc. 41-9237 ; Filed, December 9, 1941 ; 9 : 30 a. m.]

WAR WITH ITALY
[ALIEN ENEMIES—ITALIAN]

BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
A PROCLAMATION

And whereas by Sections 22, 23 and 24 of Title 50 of the United
States Code further provision is made relative to alien enemies:
PROCLAMATION

Now, therefore, I, Franklin D. Roosevelt, as President of the United
States and as Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy of the
United States, do hereby make public proclamation to all whom it
may concern that an invasion or predatory incursion is threatened
upon the territory of the United States by Italy.
Conduct to be observed by alien enemies
And, acting under and by virtue of the authority vested in me by
the Constitution of the United States and the said sections of the
United States Code, I do hereby further proclaim and direct that
the conduct to be observed on the part of the United States toward
all natives, citizens, denizens or subjects of Italy being of the age
of fourteen years and upwards who shall be within the United States

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY

or within any territories in any way subject to the jurisdiction of the
United States and not actually naturalized, who for the purpose of
this Proclamation and under such sections of the United States Code
are termed alien enemies, shall be as follows:
All alien enemies are enjoined to preserve the peace towards the
United States and to refrain from crime against the public safety,
and from violating the laws of the United States and of the States and
Territories thereof; and to refrain from actual hostility or giving
information, aid, or comfort to the enemies of the United States or
interfering by word or deed with the defense of the United States
or the political processes and public opinions thereof; and to comply
strictly with the regulations which are hereby or which may be from
time to time promulgated by the President.
All alien enemies shall be liable to restraint, or to give security,
or to remove and depart from the United States in the manner prescribed by Sections 23 and 24 of Title 50 of the United States Code,
and as prescribed in the regulations duly promulgated by the
President.
Duties and authority of the Attorney General and the Secretary of War
And, pursuant to the authority vested in me, I hereby charge the
Attorney General with the duty of executing all the regulations hereinafter prescribed regarding the conduct of alien enemies within
continental United States, Puerto Eico, the Virgin Islands and Alaska,
and the Secretary of War with the duty of executing the regulations
which are hereinafter prescribed and which may be hereafter adopted
regarding the, conduct of alien enemies in the Canal Zone, the Hawaiian
Islands and the Philippine Islands. Each of them is specifically directed to cause the apprehension of such alien enemies as in the
judgment of each are subject to apprehension or deportation under
such regulations. In carrying out such regulations within the continental United States, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands and Alaska,
the Attorney General is authorized to utilize such agents, agencies,
officers and departments of the United States and of the several
states, territories, dependencies and municipalities thereof and of the
District of Columbia as he may select for the purpose. Similarly the
Secretary of War in carrying out such regulations in the Canal Zone,
the Hawaiian Islands and the Philippine Islands is authorized to
use such agents, agencies, officers and departments of the United
States and of the territories, dependencies and municipalities thereof
as he may select for the purpose. All such agents, agencies, officers and
departments are hereby granted full authority for all acts done by
them in the execution of such regulations when acting by direction
of the Attorney General or the Secretary of War, as the case may be.

STATE OF WAR WITH JAPAN, GERMANY, AND ITALY

BBGULATIONS

The regulations contained in Proclamation No. 2525 of December
7, 1941, relative to natives, citizens, denizens or subjects of Japan
are hereby incorporated in and made a part of this proclamation, and
shall be, applicable to alien enemies defined in this proclamation.
This proclamation and the regulations herein prescribed shall extend and apply to all land and water, continental or insular, in any
way within the jurisdiction of the United States.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and caused the
seal of the United States of America to be affixed.
Done at the City of Washington this 8th day of December, in the
year of our Lord nineteen hundred and forty-one, and of
[SEAL] the Independence of the United States of America the one
hundred and sixty-sixth.
FRANKLIN D ROOSEVELT

By the President:
CORDELL HULL,

Secretary of State.
[No. 2527]

[F. R. Doc. 41-9238; Filed, December 9, 1941; 9:30 a. m.]

PUBLIC LAW NO. 338
JOINT RESOLUTION removing restrictions on the territorial use of units and
members of the Army of the United States, extending the periods of service
of such personnel, and amending the National Defense Act with respect to the
meaning of the term "Army of the United States"

Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United
States of America in Congress assembled, That the provisions of Public Resolution Numbered 96, Seventy-sixth Congress, approved August
27,1940, as amended, and of Public, Numbered 783, Seventy-sixth Congress (the Selective Training and Service Act of 1940), as amended,
insofar as they restrict the territorial use of units and members of the
Army of the United States, are suspended during the existence of any
war in which the United States is engaged, and during the six months
immediately following the termination of any such war.
SEC. 2. The periods of service, training and service, enlistment, appointment, or commission, of all members of the Army of the United
States now or hereafter in or subject to active military service of the
United States are extended for the period stated in the preceding section: Provided, That nothing in this section shall be construed to
prevent the President from terminating such periods of service, training and service, enlistment, appointment, or commission at an earlier
date in any case.
SEC. 3. Section 1 of the National Defense Act of June 3, 1916, as
amended, is amended by striking out the period at the end thereof
and inserting in lieu of such period a comma and the following: "and
shall include persons inducted into the land forces of the United States
under Public, Numbered 783, Seventy-sixth Congress (the Selective
Training and Service Act of 1940), as amended.".
Approved by the President December 11, 1941.
45

Full text of Marriner S. Eccles Papers : Declarations of a State of War with Japan, Germany, and Italy, Box 2, Folder 3, Item 3

FRASER