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260 JT-012 Ankara This telegram must be closely paraphrased before being communicated Dated August 8, 1944 to anyone. (SECRET W) Ree'd 11:19 P.M. Secretary of State, Washington. 1440, August 8, 3 P.R. FOR PEHLE, WRB, FROM HIRSCHMANN. ANKARA 124. Please see Embassy's 1423 and 1424 of August 4 for my views with regard to (REMEPTEL 674, August 3) Jabotinsky's proposal. KELLEY CSB 261 BJR - 806 Ankara reading only by special Dated August 8, 1944 Rec'd 11:11 p.m. Distribution of true arrangement. (SECRET w) Secretary of State, Washington. 1450, August 8, 4 p.m. FOR PEHLE WRB FROM HIRSCHMANN. ANKARA NO. 125. I strongly urge that you inform Harriman of my conversation with Balabanoff relative to the proposed abolition of the Bulgarian anti-Jewish laws and that you request him to ask the Soviet Government to instruct the Russian Charge d'Affaires in Bulgaria to urge upon the Bulgarians the abolition of the antiJewish laws. This action may be especially timely as Bababanoff states now that the Bagryanov Government is on excellent terms with the Soviet Government and that Bulgaria will now exert any reasonable efforts to please the Soviets. In view of the increasingly difficult conditions in regard to sea and rail transport for the emigration of refugees from the Balkans, I feel that we should plade new and greater emphasis on our endeavors to obtain concessions from the satellite governments to abolish all anti-Jewish laws and reinstate the minorities and Jews as full fledged citizens in their own countries. KELLEY BB:WSB 262 LC 807 Ankara This telegram must be paraphrased before being Dated August 8, 1944 Rec'd 11:11 p.m. communicated to anyone other than a Government agency. (RESTRICTED) Secretary of State, Washington 1452, August 8, 5 p.m. EMBASSY'S 1445, August 7, 7 p.m., FOR PEHLE WEB FROM HIRSCHMANN. Ankara No. 126. The Turkish Foreign Office has accepted our recommendation that the passengers from the BULBUL should be transported overland by auto and railway to Istanbul. The Turkish Red Crescent is supervising this movement and other steps are being taken in connection with the emergency. I have agreed that WRB will defray expenses incurred in these operations and I believe that this undertaking on our part has helped expedite relief work. KELLEY EEC WSB 263 JT-815 Ankara This telegram mist be closely paraphrased be- fore being communicated to anyone. (SECRET w) Dated August 8, 1944 Rec'd 11:18 P.M. Secretary of State, Washington. 1453, August 8, 6 p.m. FOR PEHLE, WRB, FROM KELLEY. I have transferrred to day to Hirschmann at his request the remaining $5,000 which, as peported in the Embassy's 1813, July 19, I have been holding for him in my account. KELLEY RB WSB 264 PLAIN BE-71 Ankara Dated August 8, 1944 Rec'd 7:30 p.m., 9th Secretary of State Washington 1457, Eighth Today's semi-official ULUS carried press following article: Because of humanitarian feeling for their plight, Turkish Government has been smoothing path and endeavoring assist in ever wider scope Jews of central Europe and Balkans, exposed to persecution there, who've been passing through country in transit. Numerous parties of Jewish children bearing transit visas came from Hungary Bulgaria and Rumania in 1943 and 44 crossing Turkey on say to Palestine. At present moment group of forty-three children is en route from Bulgaria bearing Turkish visas. Furthermore every week at least forty to fifty people have received visas from our Consulates at Bucharest, Budapeat and Sofia for transit across country. Five groups totalling 1826 Jews having no time apply at our Consulates for visas and obliged depart inmediately in order be saved left Constansa in motorboats and upon arrival Istanbul were given Turkish transit visas and departed for Syria by train. KELLI CAR / PARTMENT OF STATE DIVISION OF INCOMING TELEGRAM DEPARTMENT OFOFSTATE my COMMUNICATIONS AND RECORDS DIVISION 1944 AUG 9 PM 4 29 LC - 572 This telegrammustion paraphrasea.ru REGORDoing communicat of LIAISONyon othor than a Government agency. (SECRET o) 265 Chungking via Havy Dated August 8, 1944 Rec'd 11:58 a.m. Secretary of State, Washington. 1357, August 8, 10 p.m., (SECTION ONE) TO SECRETARY OF TREASURY FROM FRIEDMAN. One.(?)Goneral price index for Chungking for Juno 1944 was 32185. Indices for foodstuffs, fuol and lighting, clothing and miscellanoous wore 29955, 311446, 46, 47698 and 28433 respectively. General retail price indices for June for Chongtu, Sian, Lanchow and Kwoilin were 41154 35470 14364 and 41168. All above are farmer's bank indices made available regularly to Embassy. Comparable indicos for June not available but Chinese Government spokosman as reported in pross said Chungking general retail index in July was 440 timos pro-war level as compared with 358 of Juno. Prico of rico in Chungking declined about 20% in July or approximately 266 1 -2- #1357, August 8, 10 p.m., (SECTION ONE) from Chungking via Navy approximately to the level prevailing in May 1944. Government giving much publicity to claimed success in controlling prices in July although admitting that prices of certain commoditios particularly vegetables have risen. Chinose oxpoct best crop in 80 years. This nows together with favorable military developments in Pacific and European theatres and Chinese feeling that there may be sudden end of war even in Pacific has slowed down temporarily rate of increase of prices. Two. For possible use in current discussions in Washington, following information obtained from United States Army hero on increase in costs of commodities it has to procure in China. Pricos given were actually paid. All figures are in CN dollars (?). The high and low prices for July and January 1944 respectively for principal foodstuffs purchased for general moss in Chungking woro boof (catty) 78-78 and 30-30; pork (catty) 130-130 and 50-52; chicken (catty) 150-150 and 50-55; oggs 8.508.50 and 4.90-5.50; lard (catty) 150-160 and 90-90; flour (49 pound bag) 600-1100 and 340-370; sugar (catty) 267 -3- #1357, August 8, 10 p.m., (SECTION ONE) from Chungking via Havy (catty) 74-74 and 45-45; potatoos (catty) 19-19 and 13-15.50; rice (catty) 68-70 and 18-18; ico (catty) 11.40-12 and 3-4; broad (loaf) 160-160 and 60-60. GAUSS WHIB EMB Service requested on above garbled groups DIVISION OF DEPARTMENT INCOMING OF TELEGRAM STATE This telegram must be communicated pararaphrased to before anyone COMMUNICATIONS AND RECORDS Chungking via Navy NCB- 918 being other than a Government Agency. (SECRET. 0). 268 Dated August 8, 1944. Rec'd 11:08 a.m., 9th. 1964 Secretary of State, Washington. 1357, August 8, 10 a.m. (SECTION TWO The low and high prices for June for thos E commodities for which prices in July differed from prices in June were beef 75 - 75; pork 135 - 135; Eggs 7 - 7; lard 150 - 150; flour 600 - 600; rice 64 - 64; rice 8 - 7.40 (b) fuils are one of principal categories of direct U.S. Army Expenditures in China. The prices for June and January 1944 respectively for SOME of principal fuels purchased in this area WERE: motor fuel alcohol (gallon) 795 and 405; vegetable gasoline gallon 1190 and 615; light vegetable Diesel oil (ton) 226,800 and 92250; Kansu mineral gasoline gallon 770 and 349. Prices of wood oil (quintal) for July and January 1944 WERE 11,500 and 4200, respectively (c) figures on construction costs are being obtained. Indication of how these have tended to rise sharply are given in following figures for May 1944 and November 1943, respectively, for cost of dirt Evacuation 269 -2-#1357, August 8, 10 a.m. (SECTION TWO) from Chungking via Navy. Evacuation on Burma Road per cubic meter; Earth 75 and 27; hardpan 115 and 38; soft rock 230 and 56; rock 530 and 230. Three. U.S. currency notes in Chungking now selling around 170 - 180 with difficulty being experienced in finding buyers for substantial sums. Sharp decline took place during last WEEK in July. During third WEEK in July transactions done at 190 195 and during first two WEEKS at 200 - 205. Rate in Kunming during last two WEEKS has been about 185. Rate for rupees in Chungking during July fluctuated bEtwEEn 75 and 78; in Kunming present rate about 78. Four. United Clearing Board now selling checks and transfers at 130. Central Bank now refusing EXCEPT for special cases to provide foreign Exchange to organizations obtaining local currency through UCB. Five. Interest rates on deposits in native banks now about 7 to 8% per month. Practically all of decline registered during last two WEEKS. During first three WEEKS of July rate aroung 10%. Commercial Banks reportedly having difficulty in extending their credit advances. Six. According to Cassels of British Treasury, Government of India has given tentative acquiescence to program 270 -3-#1357, August 8, 10 a.m. (SECTION TWO) from Chungking via Navy. program of sale of two million rupees per month in free China subject to final approval of Raisman who is going to London. Two. Million rupees per month COVERS present "basic requirements" including salaries of Embassy personnel and needs of military mission Educational missionary and relief organizations and commercial Enterprises. Participation in program is voluntary but Cassel implied that all British organizations are now participating. Thus far sales confined to Kunming. No fixed rupee Chinese dollar rate set, instead varies with market conditions. Rate has been varying between 50 and 57 averaging around 54. British considering sale of blocked sterling if possible at rate Equivalent to United Clearing Board rate. Would prefer to have UCB sell checks and transfers at Equivalent of their rupee rate, would then consider selling free sterling at same rate. Kunming now Experiencing comparatively large influx of rupee notes. Suggestion made that part of increased inflow may bE result of paying Chinese troops on Salween with rupees. SEVEN. Land tax in kind collected year 1943 which Ended June 30, 1944, amounted to 63,180,000 piculs. Szechwan 271 -4-#1357, August 8, 10 a.m. (SECTION TWO) from Chungking via Navy. Szechwan provided about 15.9 million and Kiangsi 8.5 million. Probable that anticipated collections for 1944 will have to bE revised considerably if Japs retain present positions in Hunan and Honan. Present quotas for Hunan, Kiangs and Honan, respectively, are 10, 9 and 3 million piculs. Eight. Government has announced adjustment in pay of Chinese Army personnel. Living allowance has been increased 150% in Chungking area and 100% in other areas. Enlisted personnel also obtained increases of from CN 5 to 10 per month and are being paid CN 190 for food allowance as from August one, 1944. Nine. According HSIN HUA JIH PAO July 28, 1944, the Central RESERVE Bank of Nanking is issuing two billion of notes per month of which 60% is for war Expenditures. At beginning of March 1944, total in circulation was 20 billion as compared with 8 billion in July 1943. Also reports that cost of living index of Shanghai based on official prices was 225 times higher in 1944 than in prewar days or 350 to 400 times according to market prices. (END OF MESSAGE). GAUSS RR WSB 272 COPY NO NOT TO BE RE-TRANSMITTED SECRET OPTEL No. 258 Information received up to 10 A.M. 8th August 1944. 1. NAVAL British Hospital Ship , 4,220 tons on passage to U.K. was sunk yesterday morning off NORMANDY. 74 personnel missing. 2. MILITARY France Further progress by U.S. third army in BRITEANY. Reports of German having surrendered in LORIENT are unconfirmed. Further Eastward Advance has brought U.S. troops to LOUE about 15 miles W. LEMANS. Town of VIRE now firmly in our hands. Strong German counter attack MORTAIN area successfully repelled and all positions held. U.K. troops in face of severe opposition have improved their positions MT. PINCON area and have established a bridgehead across the ORNE about 3 miles N. of THURY HARCOURTS. Russia Russians report further progress towards RIGA and MEMEL. They have extended their bridgehead over the VISTULA N.E. of CRACOW and have captured SAMBOR and BORISLAV S.W. of LVOV. 3. AIR OPERATIONS Western Front 7th. In FRANCE and BELGIUM fuel depots bombed by escorted Fortresses and Liberators 655 tons and transport successfully attacked by U.S. Fighter Bombers. Other aircraft bombed ammunition dumps in battle zone 80 tons and a railway bridge hear AMIENS 65 tons while fighters claim 33 tanks and 24 MT destroyed. German casualties 4:0:2 in action and 4:0:2 on the ground. Ours 11 aircraft missing. 7th/8th. Bomber Command sent out 1,111 aircraft: concentration of tanks N. of BRETTEVILLE, (S of CAEN) 1020. Seamining 29, other tasks 62. First reports indicate good concentration on tanks; fighters active on return journey (11 aircraft missing). Southern France 6th. Escorted MAAF Bombers. (6 missing) attacked communications VALENCES-AVIGNON area 915 tons oil storage depots near LYON 310 tons and U-boat Pens TOULON 300 tons. Results generally were good. German Activity During 24 hours ending 6 A.M. 8th 122 flying bombs plotted. 273 OF SAMPLE THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE WASHINGTON 25 SECURITY STATES of August 9, 1944 My dear Mr. Secretary: I acknowledge, with thanks, your letter of August 5th in which you expressed, on behalf of all the delegates, appreciation of the outstanding work of Mr. August Maffry at the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference. I have considered it appropriate to furnish Mr. Maffry a copy of your letter. Sincerely yours, January Secretary of Commerce. Hon. Henry Morgenthau, Jr., Secretary of the Treasury, Washington, D. C. FOR VICTORY BUY O UNITED STATES WAR BONDS AND STAMPS 274 Columbia University intheCity of New Work PRESIDENT'S ROOM Southamptor, New York August 9, 1944 PERSONAL Honorable Henry M. Morganthau, Jr. Secretary of the Treasury Washington 25, D. C. My dear Mr. Secretary: I thank you warmly for your letter of August 5 and assure you that our whole University rejoices at the service which are distinguished colleague, Professor Philip C. Jessup, was able to render as assistant secretary general of the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference just held. That conference may well prove to be epoch-marking and we are very happy indeed that so distinguished a member of our University staff rendered so important service to it. With appreciation of your thoughtful kindness in writing me and best regards, I am Faithfully yours, MC him 275 25 August 9, 1944. Dear Mr. Geat Your note of August e, and also the longer letter bearing the same date and speaking of the Brotten Woods Conference, have arrived during the Secretary's absence from Washington. Just as seen as be is back at his desk, we shall to very gind to bring both of these letters to his attention. Sincerely yours, (Signed) H. on S. Klotz A&M N. s. Kiets, Private Secretary. Mr. Geean Sex, General Councel, Foreign Becausie Administration, Washington, D. O. GEF/dbs 276 883-M 4174 TO: Senetary Morgenthan you may be interested in this mendental but of information: up to august 1, 1949 there were 246 editouals in the U.S about the Bretton Woods conference. ang 8,1944 osc MR. COX 0-1827-wp 276 277 FOREIGN ECONOMIC ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON Confidential August 8, 1944 Dear Secretary Morgenthau: I got the dope on a very strictly confidential basis that some of the leading practical bankers who have not committed themselves against the Fund and the Bank might be won over to support of them. These bankers are people, for example, such as Potter of the Guaranty, Rentschler of the National City, Colt of the Bankers, and Whitney and Leffingwell of Morgans. This is a long shot but you might want to consider sitting down with them for an exploratory discussion with Harry White, Bernstein and Keynes when he gets to Washing- ton. If these fellows are given a sense of participation there is the very outside chance that they might lend a great deal of support. Sincerely yours, Docap lot The Honorable Henry Morgenthau, Jr. The Secretary of the Treasury. 278 IRON LONDON august 9, 1944 D RECD. Augus' 1/4, 8 am Searetary of State ushingto 1944 A-974, august 9, 1944 AUG Reference Department's 6251 All ust Following is text of article by Schwincher Sunday Observer of July 30:- "Experts" orld Bank Policy in Coubt. "Fron: the pouceful quiet of Bretton Woods in iien lampshire, 11 0 700 expert delegates from 44 nutions have agreed to recommend to their Governments that they should participate in the setting up of two new international agencies; un International Conetary Yuna, to fill the gup left in the international monetary mechanism by the breaknown of the Gold Standard; and un International Bunk for Reconstruction and Development, to fill the gap left by the practical cessution of international investment. The policies these institutions are to pursue represent an attempt to get rid of the methods and devices of international trade and exchan 0 which ti.e majority or nutions found thenselves driven to udopt un. or the pressure of depression in the early thirties; they aim at the return to a freely working international system such as hau been successfully restored shortly before the Great Depression. "Few people, however, have as yet LSKEG the funaunental question whether such an attempt is likely to meet with success. "Can the world of fin nce be reconstructed alone these lines? as it a mere accident that the free multilateral system of the late 'twenties ended in the createst economic collapse the vorla had ever seen? us it simply the inexperience of American bankers that led to the breakdown of international investment in the 'thirties and to vholesale default? ere the new methods 02 orgunised trading, so painfully evolved and so reluctently adopted uuring the 'thirties, really nothing but aberrations from the straight course of virtue? Can the world nov. turn its back on then? "Whese 279 -2 - Lo don .ir I'all 974, ak ust 9, 1944 These uestions sprin to ninu the moment one conciders the actual position and requirements of any country or urea cisor anised by war, or of any group 07 producers THOUG with tito 11/21 01 unsuleable surpluses, or or any country notemined 30 stabilice its hone economy. "1. broadsheet just published by P. Discusses the , conomic Development of South-Lust n , une brings a wealth of factual informati n all pointing to the imporative need for lon term planning, for comprehensive regional development, for the evolution of new marketing techniques employing large-scule contracts for many years in advance. The study of any one of the busic foodstuffs and rul. 1341 crials that enter Leavily into international truce leud 60 the some conclusion: the freely working price echanism cunnot accouplish the orderly aujustment of apply and denunc. ",untitative controls and plunne aujustment have become necessary to bring buyer and , ller together and to ensure the steudy flow of wou is from the pro ucer to the consumor at stoday und precio ble prices. "All this is not to say that the new institutions are unnecessary or unvelcome, They U both necessary and welcome, the doubts which arise uo not relate to the structure of the franework, but to the policies stipulated by the experts ut bretton oods LBC the undue hopes they may pluce in these policies," WITHINT KARS:INS 280 POR VICTORY TREASURY DEPARTMENT BUY WAR PROCUREMENT DIVISION WASHINGTON 25 OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR August 9, 1944 SECRET MEMORANDUM TO THE SECRETARY: There is submitted herewith the weekly report of Lend-Lease purchases. For the continued production of aircraft in the United Kingdom, a requisition for 12,500,000 square feet of plywood has been received. Whe A. . Walsh Acting Director of Procurement ATTACHMENT LEND-LEASE TREASURY DEPARTMENT PROCUREMENT DIVISION STATEMENT OF ALLOCATIONS, OBLIGATIONS (PURCHASES) AND DELIVERIES TO FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS AT U. S. PORTS AS OF AUGUST 2, 1944 SECRET (In Millions of Dollars) Total Allocations Requisitions in Purchase Requisitions not $5514.2 U. K. (5489.2) $2627.0 (2627.0) $ 150.3 $ 19.8 (140.9) S 107.6 ( 29.6) 38.2 $2257.3 $133.9 $15.9 $480.1 (2257.3) (133.9) (15.9) (455.1) $ 84.7 ( 64.1) $ 49.2 .3) - ( 46.9) .1 - S 20.1 - ( 13.3) $ 63.0 (1945.0) (1541.6) ( 62.8) $2240.7 $1401.1 24.0 (2211.7) (1382.9) 768.5 758.8) (Purchases) $3847.8 (3822.1) Deliveries to Foreign $ 45.6 - $1554.1 Obligations Expenses .2 $1948.4 ( 35.1) Undistributed China ( .1) ( 116.8) Miscellaneous & Russia ( 68.3) Cleared by W. P. B. Governments at U. S. Ports* Administrative ( 24.0) $13.2 $269.1 (12.8) (259.9) - - 8 47.1 ( 46.0) Deliveries to foreign governments at U. S. Ports do not include the tonnage that is either in storage, "in-transit" storage, or in the port area for which actual receipts have not been received from the foreign governments. Note: Figures in parentheses are those shown on report of July 26, 1944. 282 282 CIRCULAR CABLEGRAM TO AMEMBASSIES AND LEGATIONS IN AUSTRALIA, CANADA, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC, EIRE, EL SALVADOR, GUATEMALA, HONDURAS, NICARAGUA, PARAGUAY, PERU. Reference previous communications regarding refugee children. In view of the situation in Hungary and the recent statement by Admiral Horthy that his Government would grant exit permits to, and suspend deportations of, all Jewish children for whom havens may be provided outside Hungary, would you request the government to which you are accre- dited to extend their acceptance in principle to children from Hungary as well as from France. You may assure appropriate officials of that government that no detailed plans have as yet been developed for the actual immigration of refugee children into its country. Should such plans become necessary at a later date, they will not (repeat not) be developed without previous consultation with the government to which you are accredited. 12:25 p.m. August 9, 1944 MStandish:tmh 8-8-44 283 CABLE TO AMEMBASSY, SAN JOSE, COSTA RICA Refer your A-460 July 23 and previous communications regarding refugee children. War Refugee Board is gratified to learn of the acceptance in principle by the Costa Rican Government of proposal regarding refugee children. In view of the situation in Hungary and the recent state- ment by Admiral Horthy that his government would grant exit permits to, and suspend deportations of, all Jewish children for whom havens may be provided outside Hungary, would you request the Costa Rican Government to extend their acceptance to children from Hungary as well as from France. You may assure appropriate officials of Costa Rica that no detailed plans have as yet been developed for actual immigration of refugee children into it. Should such plans become necessary at a later date, they will not (repeat not) be developed without previous consultation with the Costa Rican Government. 12:20 p.m. August 9, 1944 MStandishitmh 8-8-44 284 CABLE TO AMEMBASSY QUITO Refer your 762 July 28 and previous communications regarding refugee children from Europe. War Refugee Board is gratified to learn of the acceptance in principle by the Ecuadorean Government of proposal regarding refugee children. In view of the situation in Hungary and the recent statement by Admiral Horthy that his government would grant exit permits to, and suspend deportations of, all Jewish children for whom havens may be provided outside Hungary, would you request the Ecuadorean Government to extend their acceptance to children from Hungary as well as from France. You may assure appropriate officials of Ecuador that no detailed plans have as yet been developed for actual immigration of refugee children into it. Should such plans become necessary at a later date, they will not (repeat not) be developed without previous consultation with the Ecuadorean Government. Because of the urgent need of replying to Hungarian offer in such a way as to suspend deportations from Hungary, it would be appreciated if the Ecuadorean Government would immediately indicate to you the number of children it is prepared to accept in principle under the above conditions. 12:20 p.m. August 9, 1944 MStandish:tmh 8-8-44 285 CABLE TO AMEMBASSY, PORT-AU-PRINCE Reference is made to your A-369 of July 12 and Department's A-237 of July 22. Please ascertain whether contemplated action has been approved by Council of Ministers and text of instructions sent to Bern. Also date on which instructions were sent. 12:15 p.m. August 9, 1944 MStandish:BAkzinsar 8/7/44 286 RESTRICTED Tegueigalpa, Honduras, August 9, 1944 No. 2092 Subject: Claimants to Mendures Nationality The Honorable The Secretary of State, Washington, D. C. Sir: With reference to the Department's instruction No. 1698 of July 5, 1944, concerning certain claiments to Honduran nationality, I have the honor to enclose a copy of Note No. 216 of August 8, 1944, from the Honduran Ministry for Foreign Affairs. Respectfully yours, John D. Erwin Enclosure: Copy of Note as stated. JBF:how 711.5 SC/704 Ozalid to Department. 287 (TRANSLATION) Sole enclosure to Despatch No. 2092, American Embassy, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. August 9, 1944. DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF HONDURAS Tegucigalpa, D.C., August 8, 1944. Of. No. 216 Excellency: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of Your Excellency's kind note No. 230, dated July 10 last, in which, with instructions from your enlightened Government, you were good enough to transmit the enclosures to a despatch from the American Minister at Bern, Switserland, dated May 30, 1944. The enclosures consist of seven applications for documentation as Hunduran citizens (by persons held) as civilian internees at Vittel, France, whose names are: Koenigil, Stefan, Nachemja, Marion, Kenigil and Sara, all having the family name of Seajnbaum. Likewise Your Excellency is good enough to inform me that in a note dated May 25, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland asked to be informed whether the Government of Honduras recognises the Honduran nationality of the seven applicants and whether it authorises the Swiss Legation in Berlin to issue them Honduran passports. 288 -2In reply, I have the honor to inform Your Excellency that my Government recognises the validity of the Honduran nationality of the Scajnbaums,* civilian internees at Vittel, France, and request, through Your Excellency, that the Swiss Legation in Berlin be good enough to issue Honduran passports to the persons above named so that they may accredit their Honduran nationality. I avail (etc.) /s/ Silverio Laines Spelled "Sajnbaum" in the original.- TC TC-3815 289 CABLE TO AMBASSADOR MESSERSMITH, MEXICO CITY, FROM THE DEPARTMENT AND THE WAR REFUGEE BOARD. If you deem it appropriate, please convey to the Mexican authorities the following message from the War Refugee Board. "The War Refugee Board has been informed of the recent generous offer by the Mexican Government to permit the establishment in Mexico for the refugees. this duration war a European Jewish humanitarian Government and believes measurable contribution Nations to rescue now in imminent territory. The Board Government that should accordance wishes refugees that danger of Jews The the action to to it Board and be assure of the will death other admitted by of efforts deeply constitute the the similar in colony Mexican Mexican of appreciates to enemy Mexico the of groups a United in with the Mexican Government's pronouncement and at the request of the War Refugee Board, the Board will make necessary financial arrangements for the maintenance and care of such refugees in Mexico." 12:10 p.m. August 9, 1944 RESTRICTED: FIRST PRIORITY 290 Mexico, D.F., August 9, 1944 Air Mail No. 19,376 Subject: With further reference to the proposed establishment by Mexico of a port of refuge for refugees from enemyoccupied Europe for the duration of the War. The Honorable The Secretary of State, Washington, D. C. Sir: I have the honor to refer to my despatches No. 19,191 of August 3 and 19,249 of August 5, in which I reported upon the proposed establishment by Mexico of a port of refuge for refugees from enemy-occupied countries in Europe for the duration of the war. I now have to supplement the information in these two despatches to state that I accompanied Messrs. Waldman and Landau, who are here on behalf of the War Refugee Board, on a visit to the Minister for Foreign Affairs at noon on August 7. The Minister expressed to Messrs. Waldman and Landau the interest of the Mexican Government in the work of the War Refugee Board and in the refugee problem. He said that he had knowledge of the arrangements which the Ministry of Governacion was making in the sense of establishing a port of refuge for the duration of the war. As Messrs. Waldman and Landau had been in touch with the Ministry of Gobernacion, he suggested that they continue this method of handling the matter, but stated that if they experienced any difficulties whatever they were to get in touch with him through me. The visit was purely a courtesy visit and during the course of it Dr. Padilla expressed his interest in the refugee problem. Mr. Moe Levitt, of the Joint Distribution Committee, has arrived in Mexico City and I saw him together with Messrs. Waldman and Landau yesterday morning. I informed them that as their conversations heretofore had been with the Ministry of Gobernacion, they should continue their more concrete arrangements with that Ministry and that if they experienced any difficulties they should get in touch with me. Mr. Levitt stated that it was probable that no refugees would arrive in Mexico and for that reason definite concrete arrangements with the Mexican Government with regard to specific details did not seem so important at this time. I said that while the action of the Mexican Government so far was valuable as a moral gesture and for its general helpfulness, I felt, nevertheless, that as there was always a possibility of refugees arriving at such a port of refuge in Mexico, definite arrangements should be made with the Mexican Government so that there would be no misunderstanding or difficulties as to procedure. In this connection I referred to the Department's telegram No. 1461 of August 3, from which it appeared that the establishment of the part of refuge in Mexico was to be used in connection with getting refugees out of Hungary. I said that this might involve the granting of token visas, or visas which actually permitted temporary entry into Mexico by the Mexican Government. For this reason I suggested to Messrs. Levitt, Waldman and Landau that they discuss with the Ministry 291 -2- #19,376 dated August 9, 1944 of Gobernacion the number of refugees which the Mexican Government would be prepared to admit for the duration of the war at such a port of refuge, the terms under which they would stay here, the organization which would be responsible for their maintenance, andother pertinent details which would have to be settled in order to have a smooth working out of the arrangement. They said that they understood the importance of this and that they would discuss these matters with the Minister of Gobernacion. Mr. Levitt expressed a desire to talk with Mr. Friedman of the War Refugee Board in Washington, and in view of the difficulties of telephone communication the Embassy put through a call for Mr. Levitt to Mr. Friedman, and there is appended to this despatch a memorandum of the conversation which Mr. Levitt had with Mr. Friedman and which is self-explanatory. It will be seen from the two despatches mentioned at the outset of this despatch, and from this despatch, that sufficiently concrete arrangements have not yet been made with the Mexican Government which would serve as a basis for conversations with Hungarian or other authorities respecting the admission of refugees into a port of refuge in Mexico. I feel confident, however, that these details can be worked out. I shall keep the Department informed of any developments and I have informed Messrs. Levitt, Waldman and Landau that I shall be glad to be helpful to them in this matter as I can. Respectfully yours, George S. Messersmith Enclosure: Copy of Memorandum dated August 8, 1944. 848-War Refugee Board (In quintuplicate to the Department) GSM:fm 292 Enclosure to despatch No. 19,376 of August 9, 1944, from the Embassy at Mexico City COPY MEMORANDUM August 8, 1944 Acting on instructions of the Ambassador, I placed a telephone call to Mr. Friedman of the War Refugee Board for Mr. Moe Levitt of the Joint Distribution Committee, who has come to Mexico in connection with the permission allegedly given by the Mexican authorities for the establish nt here of a safety port for Jewish refugees. Mr. Levitt told Mr. Friedman that he had just had a conversation with the Ambassador, and also had discussed the entire proposition with Messrs. Waldman and Landau; that he felt it absolutely necessary that before any further action can be taken, either the War Refugee Board or the Joint Distribution Committee should give some sort of guarantees to the Mexican Government; that of course the possibility of any Jews being brought to Mexico was very remote, but even despite this, it would be necessary to provide for such a contingency; he felt that the War Refugee Board should be able to give to Mexico the same sort of guarantee or statement as had been given to other neutral governments cooperating in the project. Mr. Levitt also suggested to Mr. Friedman that the War Refugee Board should give con- sideration to addressing some form of a note of appreciation through regular channels to the Mexican Government for its cooperation in regard to setting up a safety port. Mr. Levitt said that he hoped to see the Minister of Gobernacion before next Monday, by which time he wanted to return to Washington. He asked Mr. Friedman to keep in touch with him at the Hotel Reforma. Sidney E. O'Donoghue Copy fm. 293 CABLE TO AMBASSADOR NORWEB, LISBON, FROM THE DEPARTMENT AND THE WAR REFUGEE BOARD. Please refer to your number 2410 of August 4 concerning message for Schwartz from Resnick. The following cable Jane been sent to the Embassy in Ankara concerning this matter: "Please refer to your number 1414 of August 2. Board appreciates information concerning your efforts to improve conditions of Jews in Bulgaria. "We know that you are aware of the fact that any discussions with the Bulgarians or Rumanians must be confined to questions of immediate relief and rescue of refugees. However, in view of the present situation and in view of information here as to the aims of Balabanoff we deem it desirable to reemphasize that great caution must be used to avoid any discussions which can be interpreted as involving any promises regarding peace or post war settlements or conditions. "In connection with the foregoing it will be appreciated if you will clerify paragraph six of cable 1414. As stated, the State Department construes this paragraph as referring to an offer of post war economic rehabilitation in Bulgaria. Such an offer could not be made by the War Refugee Board or its representatives. If, however, paragraph six refers to an immediate program for the relief of Jews in Bulgaria in accordance with our general rescue and relief policy it is perfectly proper." You are authorized to deliver Resnick's cable to Schwarts, at the same time explaining to him our views as indicated in the above communication with the Embassy in Ankara. THIS IS WRB CABLE TO LISBON, NO. 73. 11:15 a.m. August 9, 1944 JHFriedman:118 mhh 8/9/44 294 CABLE TO LISBON From War Refugee Board to Norweb. Please deliver following message to Dr. Joseph Schwartz from Leavitt of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee: "No reply from Saly Mayer to our June Fifteenth Cable regarding Vaad and Mizrachi requests stop Mizrachi organization received another cable from Doctor Isaac Rom quote Urgently need great means salvation Jews without Switzerland Mizrachists and others Possibilities furthermore salvation children in non-Jewish families and cloisters who get estranged and lost as Jews wish create homes Saly Mayer of Joint so far passibe gives only Red Cross for children unquote Please contact him and advise." THIS IS WRB CABLE TO LISBON NO. 75 4:45 p.m. August 9, 1944 FHodel:jth 8/9/44 mhh 295 CABLE TO LISBON From War Refugee Board to Norweb. Please deliver following message to Dr. Joseph Schwartz from Leavitt of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee: "Suggest Saly Mayer do everything possible for 1200 Rabbia and other Hungarian Jewish religious Leaders and keep us advised." THIS IS WRB CABLE TO LISBON NO. 74. 4:45 p.m. August 9, 1944 FHodel: jth 8/9/44 mhh 296 MJB-29 Distribution of true reading only by special Lisbon Dated August 9, 1944 Rec'd 5:30 p.m. arrangement (SECRET W). Secretary of State, Washington. 2466, August 9, 5 p.m. This is WRB 149, JDC 52 replying WRB 67 August 5 for Leavist from Schwarts. No non-Hungarian currency being forwarded Hungary. Funds available in Switserland being used for purchase of pengoes at current rate twenty to dollar. Borrowing internally impossible as there is practically no cash in hands Hungarian Jews. Pengoes being transferred Intereress to purchase food and supplies as there is sufficient food in Hungary if pengoes enough are available. Therefore unnecessary and in food. MORTES WSB RR 297 Madrid KD-543 Distribution of true reading only by special arrangement. (SECRET w) Dated August 9. 1944 Rec'd 2:31 P.R., 10th Secretary of State Washington 2753, August 9, 6 Part. Cuban Charge d'Affaires in Madrid states that he has as yet received no (repeat no) instructions from his Government along lines mentioned in Department's 2051, July 21 and that he is without information in this regard. It may be mentioned, however, that he has, on instructions from his Government, supported representations contained in Embassy's notes verbales 2325 and 2326 of April 19. (Embassy's despatch 2384, April 24). In response to Hubasay's representations Foreign office has formally expressed willingness of Spanish Government to cooperate in bringing to successful conclusion proposed arraggements for exchange on Spanish territory of German nationals in Paraguay and Bolivia for persons in German-occupied territories bearing dosumentation of those countries but has informed Enbassy orally that it is not yet in receipt of representations on this subject from Paraguayan and Bolivian Governy ments whose representatives in Madrid are still without instructions. Details have gone forward by despatch. BUTTERWORTH MRM WTD 298 CABLE TO MINISTER JOHNSON AND OLSEN, STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN The War Refugee Board requests that the following message be delivered to Wilhelm Wolbe, 11 Olefsgotten Strasse, Stockholm. Sweden: QUOTE Endeavor contact Lithuania and Latvia, seek means rescue rabbis and scholars, also send relief food clothing medicaments. If possible, go yourself or send delegate. Try arrange Swedish visas for Hungarian Jews especially children, will send naeded funds. Urge Lehman interest himself in Rahel Reinitz daughter of Rabbi Lichtig husband and children names as follows: Rahel Reinitz nee Lichtig born Hamburg 1907, husband Salomon Reinitz born Nizny Slavkow 1901, son Alexander born Presov 1929, daughter Eva born Hamburg 1930, daughter Gabriele born 1935, all Czechoslovakian nationality, last known address c/o Rabbi Tigerman Ersekujvar Hungary. VAAD HAHATZALA EMERGENCY COMMITTEE RABBIS ARON KOTLER ABRAHAM KALMANOWITZ UNQUOTE THIS IS WRB CABLE TO STOCKHOLM, NO. 71 12:35 p.m. August 9, 1944 299 MJB August 9, 1944 Distribution of true reading only by special arrangement. (SECRETW) 5 p.m. AMLEGATION, STOCKHOLM. 1583 The following for Johnson and Olsen is WRB 70. Please refer to your 2920 of August 3 relating to the supposed sympathy of the Rumanian Minister to Stookholm regarding the evacuation of Jews from Rumania. Since the interviews described in our 982 of May 22, Hirschmann has had further conferences with Cretzianu concernin the same subject matter. The Rumanian Government has now indicated in a number of ways its willingness to cooperate in refugee evacuation operations. Evacuation of refugees from Rumania apparently was recently organized on an official basis in Rumania through the creation of an Inter Ministerial Commission. Furthermore four Turkish and one Greek ship have apparently been authorised to evacuate refugees from Constanza to Istanbul and certain of these vessels have already commenced operations. For your information Hirsohmann has raised with Cretzianu the possibility of utilizing for refugee evacuation operations the two Rumanian ships now in Istanbul (our 1430 of July 17). The Rumanians have also suggested certain other Rumanian ships as suitable for refugee evacuation and the implementation of these suggestions is now being negotiated in Ankara. Inasmuch as the Board already has a satisfactory contact with the Rumanian Government through Cretzianu in Turkey close to the scene of operations, it is felt that little is to be gained and confusion may result if an independent approach is now made to the Rumanian Minister to Stookholm. STETTINIUS (ACTING) (GLW) WRB:MMV:KG 8/8/44 NOE NE SE 300 ORIGINAL TEXT OF TELEGRAM SENT FROM: Secretary of State, Washington TO: American Legation, Bern DATE: August 9, 1944 NUMBER: 2737 CONFIDENTIAL To Minister Harrison and McClelland. Contrary to German assurances to Swiss Government reported in your 4223 of July 3 and 8964 of July 8 that no further depentations of holders of Latin American passports would occur subsequent to May 11, it is reported from Lisbon that such deportations occurred in Vittel subsequent to that date. Please request Swiss authorities to inquire of German Government regarding the truth of this report and strongly to protest on behalf of this Government should the report be based on truth. It is further reported that deportees from Vittel and other civilian internment camps are now confined in Birkenau, Oswiecim, Sosnowitz, Kattowitz, Frodorf, Innsbruck and others. Please request Swiss Authorities to inquire of German Government regarding the truth of this report and to demand facilities for the return of such deportees to civilian internment camps under Swiss or Intercross supervision; also to demand that pending returned or Intercross representatives be admitted to places where such deportees are held. THIS IS WRB CABLE TO BERN NO. 112. STETTINIUS ACTING 301 ORIGINAL TEXT OF TELEGRAM SENT FROM: Secretary of State, Washington TO: American Legation, Bern DATE: August 9, 1944 NUMBER: 2736 CONFIDENTIAL To Harrison and McClelland, Bern, from Department and War Refugee Board. Reference Legation's No. 4972 of August 3. Department and War Refugee Board are very interested in message received from Intercross and it is assumed you will keep Department and War Refugee Board advised of further developments. In the meanwhile, it is suggested that McClelland discuss items one through four with Saly Mayer and obtain his views and comments. The report contained in item five of your cable being forwarded to War Refugee Board representative Hirschman in Ankara for his information and guidance. THIS IS WRB CABLE TO BERN NO. 113. STETTINIUS ACTING 302 CABLE TO BERN From War Refugee Board to McClelland Please deliver the following message to Adolph Freudenberg, 41 Avenue de Champel, Geneva, from Leland Rex Robinson of the American Committee for Christian Refugees: "Under present license cabling 8,000 dollars of which 6,500 dollars from Methodist Committee Overseas Relief designated Hungarian Jews through cooperation Hungarian Reformed Church Committee or in Switzerland Stop Cable whether and how much additional August funds required to maximum 6,500 do dollars also use made this remittance." THIS IS WRB CABLE TO BERN NO. 114. 10:20 a.m. August 9, 1944 FH:jth 8/8/44 mhh 303 CABLE TO MINISTER HARRISON AND MCCLELLAND, BERN, SWITZERLAND Refer to your 3871 of June 17, part 6 and 4223 of July 3, Section 4 under F, and Department's 2316 of July 6. Amembassy Managua reports in part: QUOTE The Tropical Radio Telegraph Company has informed the Nicaraguan Foreign Office that its telegram to the Swiss Foreign Office dated April 22, 1944, was delivered in Bern on April 23, 1944. It would appear that the Swiss Foreign Office was in error when it informed Minister Harrison that no request had been re ceived from Nicaragua to safeguard from enemy persecution persons bearing Nicaraguan passports. In any event, it is presumed that the Swiss Foreign Office has now received the additional request contained in the Nicaraguan Foreign Office telegram of July 19. UNQUOTE Telegram of July 19 states in part: QUOTE I repeat to Your Excellency my radiogram of April 22, in which I requested that the German Government be asked to apply international conventions on prisoners of war to every interned person in a concentration camp who is the bearer of a Nicaraguan passport, and particularly those enumerated in my radio of February 16. Accept, etc. UNQUOTE Please ascertain receipt of above by Swiss authorities and advise of resulting action. THIS IS WRB BERN CABLE NO. 115. 12:10 p.m. August 9, 1944 304 CABLE TO AMLEGATION, BERN, SWITZERLAND The War Refugee Board requests that you deliver the following message to Isaac Sternbuch, St. Gallen, Switzerland: QUOTE Reference to message of July 21 guaranteeing one million francs, it is necessary that Freudiger rescue plan secure McClelland's approval. Upon your sending us notification of such approval and McClelland notifying War Refugee Board likewise we are hopeful after conference that Joint will grant needed sum. Concerning Neutra Rabbi's request behalf 1800 persons Joint cabling Saly Mayer regarding matter. Advise developments rescue project for 1200 persons. Please confirm receipt of francs 428,816 forwarded July 28. VAAD HAHATZALA EMERGENCY COMMITTEE ABRAHAM KALMANOWITZ UNQUOTE The following from WRB to McClelland: In view of your 4802 of July 26 and Department's 2656 of August 2, Board assumes that you will have acquainted Sternbuch with your decision regarding Freudiger proposal and that Sternbuch will notify Vaad Hahatzala accordingly. THIS IS WRB BERN CABLE NO. 116 . 12:15 p.m. August 9, 1944 BAkzin:tmh 8-8-44 305 CABLE TO MINISTER HARRISON AND MCCLELLAND, BERN, SHITZERLAND, FROM THE DEPARTMENT AND WAR REFUGEE BOARD. Blockade authorities have agreed to Intercross proposal (your 4578, July 18 and Department's 2663, August 3) for sending three-kilo parcebs to persons in concentration camps. Agreement also has been given to use of portion of reclaimed Christina cargo in same manner to be packaged in Switzerland. Intercross should be so advised at once. Authorization as regards parcels to be shipped from here covers 300,000 parcels. Plans for their preparation are now being made, and you will be kept informed of developments. Transportation, as you may know, is very difficult at present, but we are hopeful that this obstacle will be surmounted through the establishment of a new prisoner-of-wer supply shipping route via Gothenburg. Blockade authorities wish to consider and pass on procedure to be used by Intercross in safeguarding packages sent from here between shipment from Gothenburg and affixing of labels. Intere cross May wish to arrange for the affixing of labels on parcels at Gothenburg and the forwarding of same by mail from that point. It is suggested that you discuss this matter with Intercross. With reference to reclaimed Christina cargo, Department's 296 of July 20 to Geneva (Ameross SW 917 for James) is amended to provide for use by Intercross of such portion of usable items as in its discretion may be used profitably in three-kilo parcels for distribution to unassimilated groups in concentration campa, A strict accounting procedure should be set up concerning all items used by Intercross for this purpose in order that possible reimbursement on a pro rata basis to the French and Belgians may be computed here. Please request Intercross to furnish you, to be forwarded to us, such information concerning receipt or non-receipt of parcels as may become available to Intercross and information with respect to camps in which distribution is made, the nationalities and number of persons thereof benefiting by this distribution. Please inform James. (Repeat to London for their information.) THIS IS WRB CABLE TO BERN NO. 117 FH:PJM:ar 8/9/44 mhh 306 CABLE TO KELLEY, ANKARA, FOR HIRSCHMANN FROM THE DEPARTMENT AND THE WAR REFUGEE BOARD. Please refer to your number 1414 of August 2. Board appreciates information concerning your efforts to improve conditions of Jews in Bulgaria. We know that you are aware of the fact that any discussions with the Bulgarians or Rumanians must be confined to questions of immediate relief and rescue of refugees. However, in view of the present situation and in view of information here as to the aims of Balabanoff we deem it desirable to reemphasize that great caution must be used to avoid any discussions which can be interpreted as involving any promises regarding peace or post war settlements or conditions. In connection with the foregoing it will be appreciated if you will clarify paragraph six of cable 1414. As stated, the State Department construes this paragraph as referring to an offer of post war economic rehabilitation in Bulgaria. Such an offer could not be made by the War Refugee Board or its representatives. If, however, paragraph six refers to an immediate program for the relief of Jews in Bulgaria in accordance with our general rescue and relief policy it is perfectly proper. THIS IS WRB CABLE TO ANKARA, NO. 96 11:50 a.m. August 9, 1944 307 Cable to Kelley, Ankara, for Hirschmann from the War Refugee Board. Please refer to your Nos. 1429, August 5, 1437, August 6, and 1445, August 7 (War Refugee Board Nos. 116, 118, and 122). The Board deeply regrets the sinking of the refugee ship MEFKURA and the attendant loss of life. The Board is thankful that the ships BULBUL and MARINA arrived safely. The efforts of Kelley and Hirschmann in this connection are greatly appreciated. The Board will appreciate such further information concerning the sinking of the MEFKURA as can be furnished consistently with security requirements. With respect to possible future voyages of the Bulgarian or any other boats, as mentioned in your No. 1445, the Board will fully support a decision by you after consultation with the Embassy and the private organizations involved. We know that your decision will take into account the relative risk to the refugees if they remain in Bulgaria, Rumania or Hungary as the case may be as contrasted with the risks of sea voyages. We also assume that through the appropriate privateorganizations the refugees themselves have been fully informed of the risks invoiced in such voyages. The foregoing has been discussed with the JDO here and it is in agreement. THIS IS WRB CABLE TO ANKARA NO. 97. 2:20 p.m. August 9, 1944 JBFriedman:dg 8/9/44 308 CABLE FROM WAR REFUGEE BOARD TO AMBASSADOR STEINHARDT FOR HIRSCHMANN, ANKARA, TURKEY. Buckhardt of ICRC has communicated to our Legation in Bern a message, the substance of which follows: QUOTE About 8,700 Jewish families amounting to some 40,000 souls plus 1,000 orphaned children will be allowed to emigrate from Hungary to Palestine via Rumania and Turkey. An initial transport of about 2,000 persons will leave Budapest within next 8 to 10 days. ICRC will take charge of departure transportation and care this convoy en route. Bern will accompany first convoy to Rumanian port of Constanze. Boats are reported to be available. UNQUOTE This message was received by Burckhardt on July 31 from Dr. Schirmer (formerly in Berlin) and Bern ICRC representative in Budapest. Please examine into this report. If it proves accurate, it is hoped that the Rumanian Government will permit these Jews to enter Rumania even though it may not (repeat not) be possible to evacuate them immediately. (OUR No. 669 of July 31, 1944) THIS IS WRB ANKARA CABLE NO. . 98. 2:20 p.m. August 9, 1944 MJMarks: #0 8/8/44 309 Letter No. 5 SECRET August 9, 1944 Dear Mr. White: The big news here today is the fall of Hengyang and the big question is what will the Japanese choose to do next? Many seem to expect that the fall of Hengyang will bring about another major crisis in the Chungking Government and again there is serious talk of the Govern- ment's cracking-up. It would saem that the unexpected prolonged resist- ance at Hengyang will take some of the edge off its fall, although in recent weeks the official press had been optimistic on the outcome. As for what the Japanese will do next, the range of opinion is very wide even within the Embassy here itself. There are those who believe that serious consideration will be given by the Japanese to the desirability of a drive on Kweilin and then to Kunming with the intention of ending all real possibilities of using China as an American base against Japan. Others think that Japanese will merely drive towards Canton to establish through rail transport from Hankow to Canton as a substitute for their threatened shipping routes off East China; others believe that the Japanese will do this and, in addition, drive out Kweilin in order to wipe out the forward American air bases which would threaten the railroad and now threaten their coastal and other shipping. Most believe that the Japanese could achieve any objective they desire; some say easily; others say with difficulty. By the time you receive this letter, it may be much clearer as to what the Japanese intentions are. I heard some stories this week about the fighting. on the Saliween front which not only are interesting in themselves, but also illustrate the difficulty of reporting from an area in which even authoritative 310 - -2and essentially impartial observers give you completely contradictory versions of the same situation. According to one American observer (State Dept. liason officer with Army who urged that the story be kept secret), the following events actually occurred. The Chinese troops on the Saliween front (known as the Y forces; Stilwell's forces are the S forces) are commanded by Chinese officers with American Liason offi- cers as observers. All the planning of tactics as well as strategy is done in Chungking by the Minister of War, General Ho Ying Chin and his staff. General Ho has been piqued because he was left out of the original discussions and planning. Moreover, the Chinese troops in the Saliween are American trained and equipped and are not under his domina- tion and therefore might some day cause trouble to General Ho and his clique. Therefore, General Ho ordered repeated frontal assaults on the Japanese stronghold, Lungling ( on the Burma Road) which he knew were doomed to failure and as a result 2 of China's best divisions were decimated and practically annihilated. He concluded by saying that "We haven't yet seen the casualty list of American liason officers killed in these actions." These troops, being well-trained and well disciplined could be counted on to do anything ordered, even if suicidal and they did. (I was there when this story was told at a small dinner of about 4 Americans including myself.) On the other hand, last night I had dinner with Brooks Atkinson of the N.Y. Times who has just returned from the Saliween. His comment on the above story was a single word not suited for official communica- tions which might be translated as "not true." Instead, he said that 311 - the commanders at the front were determining the tactics and were in control, although contemplated actions were cleared with Chungking. Moreover, the American officers were being listened to and turned to for advice more and more. He categorically denied that the 2 divisions in question had been decimated. He told one interesting story of a Japanese strongpoint on top of a mountain peak overlooking the Burma Road. It had been stormed repeatedly by Chinese soldiers with the loss of many hundreds. Finally, the American observer there (Dorn) inter- ferred to the extent of offering a plan which he said was part of regular training in U.S. Army on how to take a pill box. He said it could be done by 120 engineer troops with infantry support. The Chinese accepted his advice, but when the 120 volunteer engineer troops showed up, they were all coolies who had been forced to "volunteer", who didn't even know how to handle a gun. Their training consisted of being told before the battle by the commander that they were being given the chance to be heroes and would be banqueted on their return. He then held up the necessary implements in front of the coolies and told them their names and functional This was their training. The assault then began over 100 of 120 were killed. This so infuriated the American observer that he took it up with the Chinese general commanding the Y-forces. The officer in charge of the assault was moved to another post and a new officer appointed (a nephew of the Min. of War). The new officer followed the advice of giving the soldiers a few days training in the manoeuvre. The result was that 2/3 of the Japanese stronghold was captured and held with the loss of 6 men. 312 -Atkinson has nothing but admiration for the Chinese G.I's and, as for the Saltween campaign as a whole, he says it is successful in a typical Chinese way - slow, blundering and costly in lives. He was also in Kweilin and is very pessimistic about the situation there. Everything there is bad including the Chinese strategy. He reports that the separatist tendencies which have been growing in the 3 S.E. provinces of Kwangtung, Kiangsi and Kwangsi are becoming strong and believes some overt action is likely if Kweilin falls. There is also a similar separatist group in Kunming. Again, as in the case of military developments, by the time you receive this letter, the general political situation may be much clearer. In connection with the political situation here, I feel that the Gov't has been considerably strengthened by the comparative lull in the economic situation and the prospects of an extraordinarily good harvest. Even if the lull does not last, it will still have been a "breather" which came at a most crucial time. I received the other day the cable instructing me to go to Kunming and Chengtu for two weeks. I am going to Kunming and try to arrange a trip to Chengtu from there as it is impossible to arrange one from here by air. The best you can do here is to let people know that you would like to go to Chengtu and then if an Army truck or such is going, to hitch a ride. I am finding the work here interesting and instructive and feel that I have gotten considerable out of my stay here. Needless to say, however, I am eagerly looking forward to my return home. With best regards to all, Sincerely yours, Rec'd Aug. 19, 1944 /s/ Irving S. Friedman 313 COPY NO SECRET NOT TO BE RE TRANSMITTED OPTEL No. 259 Information received up to 10 A.M. 9th August 1944. 1. NAVAL On 7th/8th U.S. MTB's damaged 4 R-boats off CAP D'ANTIFER On 8th. a British Cruiser shelled the RDF station on BELLE ISLE. "at night a Canadian Destroyer slightly damaged by glider bomb near miss W. of LORIENT. 2. MILITARY France Heavy fighting in outskirts of BREST, LORIENT and ST. MALO. U.S. columns have reachedoutskirts ANGERS. Further progress made towards LE MANS. German counterattacks MAYENNE have been repulsed and near MORTAIN have ceased. We retain MORTAIN and hold points 7 to 8 miles to the E.N.E. German elements are surrounded about 5 miles N.W. MORTAIN. Germans have heavily counter-attacked our bridghead across the ORNE N. of THURY HARCOURT with slight success at onepoint. On First Canadian Alma front an attack, preceded by very heavy bombardment, launched druing 7th/8th. Advance has reached a depth of 6 miles and BRETTEVILLE SUR LAIZE has been captured. Italy Italian troops have crossed the upper reaches of the MISA, Russia Russians have captured railway junctions of KRUSTPILS on DVINSK-RIGA line and have enlarged their bridgehead across the VISTULA at junction with SAN. They also report further slight advance W. of STRYJ. 3. AIR OPERATIONS Western Front 7th/8th. Out of toal force despatched BRETTEVILLE area 651 heavy bombers dropped 3,460 tons. Attack called off when smoke and dust completely obliterated markers. 8th. Nearly 1,050 escorted Fortresses and Liberators (11 missing) dropped 1,137 tons on troop concentrations S. of CAEN. 501 on 5 airfields PARIS area and 263 on lauching sites. Bomber Command heavies (one missing) dropped 723 tons on an oil dump in the FORET DE CHANTILLY. Weather conditions favourable, good concentrate ion obtained. 40 escorted torpedo Beaufighters (3 missing) successfully attacked convoy off S.W. NORWAY. Preliminary reports indicate three or four torpedo hits obtained. 8th/9th. 263 Bombor Command aircraft despatched (one missing) Fuel dumps NORTHERN FRANCE, 180; COLOGNE 34; seamining 24; other tasks 25. Germany 7th. 353 escorted heavy bombers from MEDITERRANE dropped 730 tons on BLECHHAMMER synthetic oil refineries S.E. of BRESLAU. Others dropped 155 tons on an airfield near BELGRADE. Enemy casualties 29:9:4 ours 14 bombers, one fighter missing. German Activity During 24 hours ending 6 A.M. 9th, 37 flying bombs plotted. 314 AUG 10 IMM Dear Mr. Rosenheim: Secretary Morgenthan has referred to me your letter of August 7. 1944. I am glad to be able to inform you confidentially that steps are already being taken with a view to making avail- able for Jewish children from Hungary a certain number of immigration visas reserved some time age for refugee children from France. This is only one of many steps which this Board is undertaking in order to alleviate the danger to the Jews of Hungary. Sincerely yours, (Signed) gough B Friendm Joseph B. Friedman, Acting Executive Director. Mr. Jacob Rosenheim, President, Agudas Israel World Organization, 226 West 97th Street, New York, 25, New York. Copy to me Jhgin a BAksinstmh Ba For get 800-44 MONUMENT 2.3543 Mr. Pille 315 no -SNTE number Agudas Israel World Organization THE UNION OF UNIVERSALLY ORGANIZED ORTHODOX JEWRY (WORLD-AQUDAH OF ORTHODOX JEWS INC.) CENTRAL EXECUTIVE LONDON - BRANCH OFFICES JERUBALEM AND NEW YORK OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT 226 WEST 97TH STREET NEW YORK 25. N. Y. August 7,1944 The Secretary of the Treasury Mr. Henry Morgenthau Jr. Washington, D.C. Dear Mr. Morgenthau: I understand from my friends, who, at the beginning of April, had the honor of seeing you in the matter of the Internees in Vittel and other Nazi-camps, who are bearing South American passports, that already then you expressed the idea, to use the five thousand American Immigration Visa, granted three years ago for Jewish refugee- children from Vichy-France, in favor of other refugee-children. Now the matter has become actual in connection with Hungary's preparedness to let out five thousand Jewish children up to ten years of age. We have negotiated about the plan with several personalities in the Department of State. Difficulties may be involved, especially for lack of transportation But there is no useful device in the sphere of politics, that does not present difficulties. It seems to me - and that is the reason I take the liberty of addressing these confidential lines to you - that it would be worthwhile for you, to look personally into this plan of rescue, lest burocratic susceptibilities hamper and ultimately frustrate its efficient relization. Excuse the trouble I am giving you. You will certainly enjoy pure sa- tisfaction for all your life, if you succeed in siving by your personal intervention five thousand innocant youngsters for a life of Liberty and happiness in America. I remain, Respectfully yours, JACOB ROS ENHEIM President 316 HMK August 10, 1944 This telegram must be paraphrased before being 5 p.m. communicated to anyone other than a Government agency. (RESTRICTED) AMEMBASSY, SAN JOSE. 390 Refer your A-460 July 23 and previous communicathons regarding refugee children. War Refugee Board is gratified to learn of the acceptance in principle by the Costa Rican Government of proposal regarding refugee children. In view of the situation in Hungary and the recent statement by Admiral Horthy that his government would grant exit permits to, and suspend deportations of, all Jewish children for whom havens may be provided outside Hungary, would you request the Costa Rican Government to extend its acceptance to children from Hungary as well as from France. You may assure appropriate officials of Costa Rica that no detailed plans have as yet been devedoped for actual immigration of refugee children into it. Should such plans become necessary at a later date, they will not (repeat not) be developed without previous consultation with the Costa Rican Government. STETTINIUS (Aoting) (GLW) WRB:MMV:KG 8/10/44 CCA SE s/cr 317 FBM August 10, 1944 This telegram must be paraphrased before being 9 p.m. communicated to anyone other than a Government Agency. (RESTRICTED) AMEMBASSY, QUITO. 680 Refer your 762 July 28 and previous connunications regarding refugee children from Europe. War Refugee Board is gratified to learn of the acceptance in principle by the Ecuadoran Government of proposal regarding refugee children. In view of the situation in Hungary and the recent statement by Admiral Horthy that his government would grant exit permits to, and suspend deportations of, all Jewish children for whom havens may be provided outside Hungary, would you request the Ecuadoran Government to extend its accetpance to children from Hungary as well as from France. You may assure appropriate officials of Ecuador that no detailed plans have as yet been develpped for actual immigration of refugee children into it. Should such plans become necessary at a later date, they will not (repeat not) be developed without previous consultation with the Ecuadoran Government. Because of the urgent need of replying to Hungarian offer in such a way as to suspend deportations from Hungary, it would be appreciated if the Bouadoran Government would immediately indicate to you the number of children it is prepared to accept in principle under the above conditions. STETTINIUS (Acting) (GLW) WRB:MMV:KG 8/10/44 NWC SE S/CR 318 SECRET AIRGRAM FROM: American Embassy San Salvador, E1 Salvador DATED: August 10, 1944 REC'D: August 15, 8 a.m. Secretary of State Washington A-327, August 10, 1944. Regarding the safeguarding of lives of American Republics do cument holders, 1. The Salvadoran Government sometime ago requested the Swiss Government to assume representation of Salvadoran interests in Hungary. The Salvadoran Minister for Foreign Affairs informed me this morning that this arrangement is now definitely in effect. 2. The Salvadoran Minister for Foreign Affairs further informed me as follows: (a) The Salvadoran Government will notify the Swiss Government that passports and other do cuments issued in its name to persons in Hungary subject to persecution will be recognized and confirmed; (b) The Hungarian Government is to be so advised and also that it is expected that persons holding such passports and other documents will be accorded the treatment, rights, privileges, and immunities of nationals of the Government of E1 Salvador; and (e) The United States is authorised to negotiate for the exchange of such persons. In this latter connection I assured Dr. Avila that in the event of such negotiations every preference will be given by the United States to unquestioned nationals of E1 Salvador and that the Government of E1 Salvador will not be expected physically to receive other persons, who, if exchanged, will be sent to other destinations. At this interview I brought up the question of the attitude of E1 Salvador toward the general subject of "documents issued in the name of E1 Salvador" held by persecuted European groups, with particular reference to the revised communication of May 20 addressed by the Salvadoran Foreign office to the Spanish Minister in this city described in the Embassy's secret airgrem no. 237 of June 7. I pointed out the grave dangers, including wholesale massagre, to which these groups are exposed and inquired whether it was the deliverate polioy of the Salvadoran Government to maintain meticulous observance of normal passport regulations or whether the revised communication was based on a failure to appreciate the humanitarian considerations involved. Dr. Avila stated that in fact the gravity and scope of the problem concerned had 319 A-327 - 8/10/44 - San Salvador -2- not been appreciated and he indicated a complete readiness in this emergency to disregard the formalities and restrictive practices normally governing passport and citizenship procedures. I then advised him that we had ascertained that the Spanish Minister had not forwarded to his Government for delivery to the German authorities the revised note of May 20 and that consequently insofar as the German authorities are concerned the original note of April 17 from his predecessor (Embassy's airgram 164, April 18) signifying Salvador's recognition not only of persons holding Salvadoran passports but also those who merely claimed Salvadoran citizenship is still effective. An examination of the Foreign office files seemed to confirm this - especially a communication from the Spanish Minister stating that he had forwarded to Madrid for the information of the German Government the original Foreign Office note of April 17 and the "confirmation thereof" of May 20. I believe, therefore, that with respect to both the German and Salvadoran authorities no difficulty need be anticipated in carrying out the humanitarian purposes the Department has in mind. THURSTON 711 WT/mdm 320 ORIGINAL TEXT OF TELEGRAM SENT FROM: Secretary of State, Washington TO: American Embassy, London DATED: August 10, 1944 NUMBER: 6323 SECRET FROM WAR REFUGEE BOARD. Reference is made to your 6054, July 29th. Please transmit the following message to Emerson, Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees: QUOTE The Bobkin-Weissman proposal for the re- moval of 3,000 Jewish children from France is, as you doubtless know, a variant on a scheme which has been repeatedly presented to the French and Germans with negative results. We are perfectly willing to join you in any request you may see fit to make to the International Red Cross to approach the French on this proposal. In view, however, of the small numbers of children who have been arriving in Switzerland and elsewhere from France, and the apparent opportunity to save Hungarian children, arrangements are being made to make the 5,000 American visas which have been available only for children from France, available as well for children from Hungary and elsewhere in occupied Europe. UNQUOTE STETTINIUS (Acting) 321 DRAFT OF CABLE TO LONDON Please promptly inform Mesars. Jan Kwapinski, Jan Stanezyk, Ludwik Grosfeld, and Emanuel Scherer, all care of Mr. Jan Stanczyk, Polish Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare, 43 Lowndes Square, Knights Bridge, London, that Treasury Department has issued license No. W-2258 to Polish War Relief of the United States of America, Inc., Chicago, Illinois, permitting them, as disbursing trustees for Polish War Relief of the United States of America, Inc., to carry out in enemy territory a relief and evacuation program. The text of such license is identical to license No. W-2215 issued to French Relief Fund, Inc., New York, which was the subject of the Department's telegram No. 5256 of July 4, 1944. You may also inform these gentlemen Treasury Department has issued to Polish War Relief of the United States of America, Inc., a specific license for the remittance of $250,000 to them for purpose of financing the program contemplated in the instant license in the manner provided therein. These operations have the approval of the Department, the War Refugee Board, and Treasury. For your guidance, pertinent comments and recommendations made by the Department in its telegram No. 2518 of March 31, 1944, relative to issuance of similar license to United Czechoalovak Relief, are fully applicable to license No. W-2258. 9:00 a.m. August 10, 1944 RBParke; jfh 8-9-44 322 ORIGINAL TEXT OF TELEGRAM SENT FROM: Secretary of State, Washington TO: DATED: American Embassy, London August 10, 1944 NUMBER: 6324 SECRET Please promptly inform Messers. Jan Kwapinski, Jan Stanozyk, Ludwik Guosfold, and Emanuel Scherer, all care of Mr. Jan Stanczyk, Polish Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare, 43 Lowndes Square, Knights Bridge, London, that Treasury Department has issued license No. W-2258 to Polish War Relief of the United States of America, Inc., Chicago, Illinois, permitting them, as disbursing trustees for Polish War Relief of the United States of America, Inc., to carry out in enemy territory a relief and evacuation program. The text of such license is identical to license No. W-2215 issued to French Relief Fund, Inc., New York, which was the subject of The Department's telegram No. 5256 of July 4, 1944. You may also inform these gentlementTreasury Department has issued to Polish War Relief of the United States of America, Inc., a specific license for the remittance of $250,000 to them for purpose of financing the program contemplated in the instant license in the manner provided therein. These operations have the approval of the Department, the War Refugee Board, and Treasury. For your guidance, pertinent comments and recommendations made by the Department in its telegram No. 2518 of March 31, 1944, relative to issuance of similar license to United Czechoslovak Relief, are fully applicable to license No. W-2258. STETTINIUS (Acting) 323 August 10, 1944 HMK This telegram must be paraphrased before being 7 p.m. communicated to anyone other than a Government agency. (RESTRICTED) AMEMBASSY, PORT-au-PRINCE 319 Reference is made to your A-369 of July 12 and Department's A-237 of July 22. Please ascertain whether contemplated action has been approved by Council of Ministers and text of instructions sent to Bern. Also date on which instructions were sent. STETTINIUS (Acting) (GLW) WRB:MMV,KG 8/10/44 CCA S/CR 324 AIRGRAM SECRET FROM: Port-Au-Prince DATE: August 10, 1944. Rec'ds August 14, 8 am The Secretary of State, Washington, D. C. A-416, August 10, 11.00 a.m., 1944. In the absence of the Minister for Foreign Affairs, I asked the Under Secretary whether his Government would be willing to ask Switzerland to represent Haitian interests in Hungary in order to protect the lives of persons holding do cuments issued in the name of the Haitian Government (Department's airgram of August 3, 11:00 a.m., 1944). The Under Secretary stated that he perceived no objection in principle and that he would consult the Minister on his return to Port-au-Prince at the beginning of next week. WILSON File: 711. CR 705. 0 :mak 325 KD This telegram must be paraphrased before being August 10, 1944 communicated to anyone 8 p.m. other than a Government agency. (RESTRICTED) AMEMBASSY, MEXICO, D.F. 1493 If you deem it appropriate, please convey to the Mexican authorities the following message from the War Refugee Board. QUOTE THe War Refugee Board has been informed of the recent generous offer by the Mexican Government to permit the establishment in Mexico forthe duration of the war of a colony of European Jewish refugees. The Board deeply appreciates this humanitarian action by the Mexican Government and believes that it will constitute ameasurable contribution to the efforts of the United Nations to resoue Jews and other similar groups now in imminent danger of death in enemy territory. The Board wishes to assure the Mexican Government that should refugees be admitted to Mexico in accordance with the Mexican Government's pronouncement and at the request of the War Refugee Board, the Board will make necessary financial arrangements for the maintenance and care of such refugees in Mexico. UNQUOTE Board prefers that if possible, any public announcement which may result from foregoing be made at Washington rather than Mexico City. STETTINIUS (Acting) (GLW) WRB:MMV:KG 8/9/44 MA S/CR 326 CABLE TO LISBON From War Refugee Board to Norweb. Please deliver the following message to Doctor Joseph Schwartz, 242 Rua Aurea, Lisbon, from M. A. Leavitt of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee: "Reference sinking Mafkure we have taken position e together with WRB concerning future sailings which they have cabled to Hirsohman that we will fully support Hirschman's decision after consultation with Embassy and private organiza- tions involved Stop They will necessarily have to take into account the real risk to refugees of remaining where they are as against risk of sea voyages and presumably private organi- zations dealing with this problem will inform the refugees of this risk." THIS IS WRB CABLE TO LISBON NO. 10:50 a.m. August 10, 1944 FHodel:jth 8/10/44 76 327 KBM-561 PLAIN Lisbon Dated August 10. 1944 Rec'd 7:05 a.m., 11th. Secretary of State, Washington. 2475, Tenth, 5 p.m. FOR LEAVITT FROM PILPEL WEB 151, JDC 53. Reuben Resnik cables "reports on SS BULBUL and SS MAFKURA still unclear because bad communication. Present report SS MAPKURA loat with 310 passengers, 6 rescued including 2 crow. 60 children aboard. Present official report but not final submarine gunfire, but struck rock theory also advanced, At agency request, we arranged transfer and resque remaining MABKURA passengers and SS BULBUL passengers who came Igneada where boat held. Following done. Food sent passengers disembarked being transferred over impossible road by horseort to Sergen, thenco lorries to Cherkeskoywhere board trains, expect arrival here Saturday morning, lodged on boat for day and will leave Saturday night for Palestine. Hirschmann fully informed and approved all arrangements. Sahar Adom cooperating". WORWEB WHB 328 RA-557 PLAIN Lisbon Dated August 10, 1944 Hec'd 6:48 a.m., 11th Secretary of State Washington 2476, August 10, 5 p.m. FOR LEAVITT FROM PILPEL WRB 150 JDC 55. Wish advise 208 SS MARINA passengers left Istanbul for Palestine August 9. as BELLACITA reported to have left Constance, August 8th with 150 passengers of whom 120 children. NONWEB RR 329 BAS-327 Stookholm reading only by special Dated August 10, 1944 Rec'd 2 P.M. Distribution of true arrangement. (SECRET w) Secretary of State, Washington. 3028, August 10, 2 p.m. Edstron of ASEA has taken up Leopold Asohner matter with Swedish Foreign Office, as a result of which Aschaer and family have been given Swedish visas. This is our 684 WRB in reply to WEB 49 (Department's 1376 of July 12). However, Foreign Office is not hopeful of propects of evacuating these people to Sweden. of almost 1000 for whom Sweden has issued visas, only nine have thus far been given transit visas by Germans. Swedish Foreign Office states however that it is pressing matter actively and strongly. JOHNSON WSB 330 BAS-294 Distribution of true reading only by special Stookholm Dated August 10, 1944 Rec'd 125 p.l. arrangement. (SECRET w) Secretary of State, Washington. 3029, August 10, 2 P.M. Following is for International Resoue and Relief Committee Elise Ottesen-Jensens. This is No. 664 WRB in reply to WRB 64 (Department's 1537 of August 1, 10pm). Am fully acquainted with Stookholn's TAD program for stateless refugees and strongly recommend it. I am cooperating. JOHNSON RR WSB 331 MJB-357 Stookholm reading only by special Dated August 10, 1944 Rea'd 3.20 p.m. Distribution of true arrangement (SECRET w). Secretary of State, Washington. 3030, August 10, 2 Polite This is 67 for WRB in reply to Department's 1485 of July 27, 11 p.m. Foreign office advises that pursuant to Lengyel's request Swedish Legation Budapest was instructed to include names of Lengyels family with those concerning which Swedish Government had declared protective interest. Foreign Office does not consider funds in question needed at this time. Olsen suggest individual oables auch as Lengyel's taking of Sweden should not be encouraged and funds should not be sent unless requested. JOHNSON RR WSB 332 DRAFT OF CABLE TO BERN Please advise Mr. Rene Berthoest, 14 Wasserstrasse, Zurich, Switzerland, representative in Switzerland of the International Rescue and Relief Committee, Inc., New York City, that the Treasury Depart- ment has amended Section 2 of license No. W-2138, described in the Department's telegram No. 839 of March 14, 1944, to read as follows: "The total amount of funds paid out or set up in blocked accounts or otherwise obligated under the terms of this license shall not exceed the amount of dollars (or the foreign currency equivalent thereof) authorized by specific Treasury license to be used under this license. This amendment is in connection with a specific Treasury license issued to the International Rescue and Relief Committee to remit to Mr. Bertholet the Swiss franc equivalent of $60,000 to be used under license No. W-2138, in addition to remittances previously licensed. It has the approval of the Department, the War Refugee Board and Treasury. THIS IS WRB CABLE TO BERN NO. 118 3:30 p.m. August 10, 1944 RBParke: jfh 8-9-44 mhh 333 DRAFT OF CABLE TO BERN Please inform Rene Bertholet, 14 Wasserstrasse, Zurich, Switzerland, that Treasury Department has issued license to International Rescue and Relief Committee, Inc., New York City, permitting it to remit to him the Swiss franc equivalent of $5,000 per month for a period of six months to continue relief of Spanish refugees in camps in southern France. This license stipulates funds remitted thereunder shall be utilized by Mr. Bertholet only as authorized by the War Refugee Board representative at Bern. These operations are a continuation of those contemplated in the Department's telegram No. 740 of March 6, 1944 and are approved by the Department, the War Refugee Board, and Treasury. THIS IS WRB CABLE TO BERN NO. 119 3:30 p.m. August 10, 1944 Miss Chau RBParke:jfh 8-9-44 334 ORIGINAL TEXT OF TELEGRAM SENT Secretary of State, Washington American Legation, Bern FROM: TO: DATED: August 10, 1944 NUMBER: 2760 SECRET FOR MCCLELLAND. Refer to your 3871 of June 17, part 6 and 4223 of July 3, Section 4 under F, and Department's 2316 of July 6. Amembassy Managua reports in part: QUOTE The Tropical Radio Telegraph Company has informed the Nicaraguan Foreign Office that its telegram to the Swiss Foreign Office dated April 22, 1944, was delivered in Bern on April 23, 1944. It would appear that the Swiss Foreign Office was in error when it informed Minister Harrison that no request had been received from Nicaragua to safeguard from enemy persecution persons bearing Nicaraguan passports. In any event, it is presumed that the Swiss Foreign Office has now received the additional request contained in the Nicaraguan Foreign Office telegram of July 19. UNQUOTE. Telegram of July 19 states in part: QUOTE I repeat to Your Excellency my radiogram of April 22, in which I requested that the German Government be asked to apply international conventions on prisoners of war to every interned person in a concentration camp who is the bearer of a Nicarguan passport, and particularly those enumerated in my radio of February 16. Accept, etc. UNQUOTE Please ascertain receipt of above by Swiss authorities and advise of resulting action. THIS IS WRB BERN CABLE NO. 115. STETTINIUS (ACTING) 335 ORIGINAL TEXT OF TELEGRAM SENT FROM: Secretary of State, Washington TO: American Legation, Born DATED: August 10, 1944 NUMBER: 2761 SECRET TO MCCLELLAND. Please deliver the following message to Adolph Freudenberg, 41 Avenue de Champel, Geneva, from Leland Rex Robinson of The American Committee for Christian Refugees: "Under present license cabling 8,000 dollars of which 6,500 dollars from Methodist Committee Overseas Relief designated Hungarian Jews through cooperation Hungarian Reformed Church Committee or in Switzerland. Cable whether and how much additional August funds required to maximum 6,500 dollars also use made this remittance." THIS IS WRB CABLE TO BERN NO. 114 STETTINIUS (Acting) 336 PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM SENT TO: Secretary of State, Washington American Legation, Bern. DATED: August 10, 1944 FROM: NUMBER: 2764 CONFIDENTIAL The following message has been repeated, as Department's Number 6331, dated August 10, to London. Reference is made to message from the Department, dated August 7, Number 2715, which was repeated to London as Department's message of August 7, Number 6224. The British Government agrees that the Hungarian offer should be accepted and they are prepared to join with this Government in malcing a press declaration to that effect, so the Board and the Department have been informed by the British Embassy here. That the instructions to your British associate from the British Foreign Office with regard to the reply to ICRC will be received by August 11 in Bern, we confidently hope; also that the reply of the British will be exactly the same as the reply of this Government in its terms. As instructed in message of August 7 from the Department, Number 2715, you should deliver the reply of this Government to Intercross, in any case. In meesage of August 2 from the Department, Number 2657, is the text of the reply. It is requested that you will please refer to message Number 2715 from the Department. Although it will be delayed for a few days awaiting clearance from London as to time of issue and as to text, the two Governments have made an agreement to issue a press declaration jointly. In view of this there should not be released at Bern any press statement. Report from you is requested. STETTINIUS (Acting) WRB:GLW:HJ PARAPHRASED DCR:LCW 8-17-44 PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM RECEIVED FROM: 337 AMERICAN LEGATION, BERR TO: Secretary of State, Washington DATED: August 10. 1944 NUMBER: 5168 SECRET This message is from McClelland for WRB. See message from the Department of the third of August number 2667. For data concerning this matter I am referring you to 4938 of the first of August from the Legation. Rather than deportation, it was apparently a question of transfer. On the possibility of actual exchanges taking place particularly for category of Latin American documents holders. the fate of Jews in Borgen - Belsen at this time would now seem to depend. The Jews interned there are reliably estimated at approximately 4000 in number. HARRISON DOR:MLG 8-12-44 338 PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM RECEIVED FROM: American Legation, Barn TO: Secretary of State, Washington DATED August 10, 1944 NUMBER: 5170 CONFIDENTIAL Donati, Kuehl and Strennbuch send the following for the Union of Orthodox Rabbis. With reference to direct wire from you August 4, no money has been given by us to any organizations for childrens' homes in Switserland. All your instructions are followed and money kept for reacue of people from occupied to unoccupied territories only. So far it has been impossible to do greater resque work for Italy, unfortunately. To present time we have been able to resque about thirty persons only. although we collaborate with two large organizations in that country. Until organisations began to function as expected took some time. It is requested that arrangements be made for collection by Angelot Reves Italian colony of larger amounts. The foregoing is from McClelland for the War Refugee Board. HARRISON DCR:EBH 8/14/00 339 August 10, 1944 FBM Distribution of true 5.00 p.m. reading only by special arrangement. (SECRET w) AMEMBASSY, ANKARA. 694 The following War Refugee Board 97 is for Hirsohmann. Please refer to your Nos. 1429, August 5, 1437, August 7, and 1445, August 7 (War Refugee Board Nos. 116, 118, and 122). The Board deeply regrets the sinking of the refugee ship MEFHURA and the attendant loss of life. The Board is thankful that the ships BULBUL and MARINA arrived safely. The efforts of Kelley and Hirschmann in this connection are greatly appreciated. The Board will appreciate such further information concerning the sinking of the MEFKURA as can be furnished consistently with security requirements. With respect to possible future voyages of the Bulgarian or any other boats, as mentioned in your No. 1445, the Board will fully support a decision by you after consultation with the Embassy and the private organizations involved. We know that your decision will take into account the relative rask to the refugees if they remain in Bulgaria, Rumania or Hungary as the case may be as contrasted with the risks of sea voayages. We also assume that throught the appropriate private organizations the refugees themselves have been fully informed of the risks involved in such voyages. The foregoing has been discussed with the JDC here and it is in agreements. STETTINIUS (Acting) (GLW) WRB:MMV:KG 8/10/44 NE SE S/CR 340 Distribution of true August 10, 1944 reading only by special 6 p.m. arrangement. (SECRET w) AMEMBASSY ANKARA 695 The following for Hirschmann is WRB 98. Burckhardt of ICRC has communicated to our Legation in Bern a message, the substance of which follows: QUOTE Some 40,000 persons comprising 8,700 Jewish families plus 1,000 children will be permitted to migrate to Palestine via Rumania and Turkey from Hungary. Within next 8 to 10 days a first group of about 2,000 persons will leave Budapest. Departure, transportation and care this convoy en route will be under charge of ICRC. Born will accompany first group to Constanza. Ships are said to be available, UNQUOTE. This message was received by Burokhardt on July 31 from Dr. Schirmer (formerly in Berlin) and Born ICRC representative in Budapest. Please examine into this report. If it proves accurate, it is hoped that the Rumanian Government will permit these Jews to enter Rumania even though it may not (repeat not) be possible to evacuate them immediately. (Our No. 669 of July 31, 1944). STETTINIUS (Acting) WRB:MMV:KG 8/10/44 WE SE NE 341 TBN-836 Ankara reading only by special Dated August 10. 1944 Distribution of true arrangement. (SECRET-W) Rec'd 9:17 p.m., 11th. Secretary of State, Washington. 1470, August 10. 11 p.m. FOR PEHLE WRB FROM HIRSCHMANN Contents of Department's 683, August 5 will be brought to attention of Cretsiann by me at my next meeting with him which I expect will be before August 15. I shall also discuss the matter at the Soviet Subasay. KELLY WITH JJM 341 FRN-836 Ankara reading only by special Dated August 10. 1944 Distribution of true arrangement. (SECRET-W) Rec'd 9:17 p.m., 11th. Secretary of State, Washington. 1470. August 10. 11 p.m. FOR PEHLE WRB FROM HIRSCHMANN Contents of Department's 683, August 5 will be brought to attention of Cretsiann by me at my next meeting with him which I expect will be before August 15. I shall also discuss the matter at the Soviet Subasay. KELLY WIB JJM 342 HIS-915 Ankara reading only by special Dated August 10, 1944 Rec'd 4:48 a.m., 12th Distribution of true arrangment. (SECRET w) Secretary of State, Washington. 1469, August 10, 10 p.m. FOR PEHLH WRB FROM HIRSCHBANN Ankara's No. 127 Having learned that Baron Thierry Counselor of the Hungarian Legation at Arikara was sympathetic to the cause of the minorities and interview with him was arranged for me through Simond on August 8 at Sinond's home in Ankara. Baron Thierry read a doores which he asserted had been issued by the Hungarian Government on July 18 relating to the anelieration of the conditions of some members of the Jewish community in Hungary. He said that the deoree had been published in neutral countries. On the assumption that it has in the meanwhile become available to you I an not telegraphing but sending it by pouch as it was read to no. Some statements made by Baron Thierry in addition to the decree follows One. There have been no persecutions and no mal- treatment of Jews within Hurgary (to which I took esphatic exception); Two. The Hungarian authorities only assisted in a routine way and not on their initiative in the former deportations (I again protested on the basis of authentic reports to the contrary obtained in Turkey): Three. Efforts should be made to determine the practicability of the stops provided in the decree before attempting to introduce broader measures) Four. Congestion of rail traffic now existing on the one railroad leading from Budapest to Istanbul would unquestionably delay the proposed refuges \movement by this route. In view of 343 -2- #1469, August 10, 10 p.m., from Ankara. In view of the above, I suggest that consideration be given to the proposal that the Americans supply railroad cars from those possibly available in the middle East for the purpose of transporting the Hungarian Jews from Budapest via Belgrade Svfilengrad and Istanbul. This Journey aircumvents Rumania and requires only three to four days. The cars might be made available to us through the Buurudagtb Syria and offered to the Turk Government for use in a round trip service between Budapest and Istanbul. As you are aware the Turk Government is requesting of us rolling stookhfor other purposes. These cars could operate under the supervision of the Inter-Cross and be painted white for alleged security across the borders. It may be considered desirableto make a gift of these care to the Turk Red Crescent after the purpose of transporting refugees has been fulfilled. Baron Thierry also said that the present Hungarian Government is assuming more independence vis-a-vis the Germans and intending towards Conservations that the Government is planning a change in its Minister of Interior in favor of Conservative. He said there will also be a change in two of the Secretaries of State whomill also be Conservative. He declared that Inredy, who is reported to be candidate for the new Prime Minister if pressure from the Nasis succeeds only mildly and is a brillian Conservative. In response to my request that in view of Hungarian Government's reported adoption of an independent political position vis-a-vis the Nasis the base of the July 18 deoree rebroadened with a view to amaliorating the condition of additional categories of Jews in Hungary, Baron Thierry suggested recommendations con- eerning this possibility should be presented by "official bodies" to the Hunger ian Government. He said he was confident Hungarian Government would be syspathetic and open to any recommendations but reiterated it was important first to determine regults of efforts to put into practice steps contained in July 19 decree. Thierry requested of me that none of above be made public and his name should not be disclosed in connection with my interview. He said he had agreed to meet me only on his initiative without consulting his superior the Hungarian Minister to Ankara, Jean Vornle, who is notoriously pro-Nasi. RNK BB KELLEY MJB-917 This telegram must be paraphrased before being communicated to anyone other than a Government agency. (RESTRICTED). 344 ANKARA Dated August 10, 1944 Ree'd 5:01 a.m., 12th Secretary of State, Washington. 1471. August 10, midnight FOR PEHLN WRB FROM HIRSCHMANN. Anicare's No. 129. The 308 refugees who arrived Istanbul aboard vessel MORINA proceeded on August 9 by railroad from Istanbul to Syria. Included in this group were 177 children up to the age of 18. of whom 171 were orphane from Transmistria; the remainder were with their parents. Included also among the refugees were 31 young trainees for Palestine (Chalutsim) mostly Rumanian and 36 revisionists, the balance of the 308 comprised refugees who had arrived in Bumania (18 Polish and about 25 Hungarian) and Rumanians. For your information we have learned that approxi- mately 1300 prohans from Transmistria are still in Rumania and I am attempting to secure priority for them in whatever additional emigration from Rumonia 18 may be possible to effectuate. KELLY HB RR DEPARTMENT 345 DIVISION OF INCOMING OF TELEGRAM STATE KD-509 my COMMUNICATIONS AND RECORDS PLAIN London Dated August 10, 1944 Rec'd 10:31 p.m. 1946 Secretary of State AUG Washington 6432, Tenth 3 Lord Beaverbrook's DAILY EXPRESS today carros on Editorial page a feature article by Paul Einzig attacking plan agreed on at Bretton Woods, on grounds that it constitutes agreement to return to the gold standards, as a "suicidal measure" which it is inconceivable Parliament will approve. Article appears under banner headline "1925 and All That - Only Far, Far Worse". It is accompanied by brief Editorial headed "Warning.'" And reading as follows: "On this page today is an article that should be studied closely by the vast DAILY EXPRESS public, EVEN while the news of victory in battle fills the imagination, EVEN while the pleasures of the August holiday month tempt the multitude into more light-hearted distractions. The article deals with the decisions reached at the Bretton Woods Monstary Conference. It establishes clearly that those decisions Enslave Britons to gold and are EVEN liable to imperil 346 -2- #6432, Tenth, from London liable to imperil British good will with the other nations in the empire. The future of EVERY man, woman and child in this country is involved. Surely there will be a mighty national protest. Surely there will be a firm rejection of these proposals when they are submitted to Parliament." Text of article follows by air pouch. Please make this telegram available to Treasury Department. WINANT CAW 348 -2- #1383, August 10, 2 p.m. (SECTION ONE) from Chungking via Navy reasons for relative price stability in July was gold program and keeping down cold price. Government circles also say that principal reason for comparatively small demand for gold in past was that commodity prices increased more quickly than golds and therefore investers preferred to purchase and hold commodities and that present spurt in gold demand is largely due to stability or decline in price of other commodities. They avoid in discussions fact that price level has risen considerably since gold program began last September. The sale of gold has reduced note issue somewhat Y Okui says that amount of decrease resulting from sale is insignificant. HE favors continuation of cold sales as being of psychological value although admittedly not remedying any fundamental CAUSE of price rises. Five. Chinese expect forward sales will DE successful. Central Bank requires full payment in advance, says it would not consider selling on margin. Government selling forward helped stimulate rise in . black market price for cash bars. Forward sales recognized in market as indicating Governments shortage of gold. EEC VIND GAUSS SERVICE requested on garbled groups. 349 DEPARTMENT DIVISION OF INCOMING OF TELEGRAM STATE COMMUNICATIONS AND RECORDS LFG-282 This must bebeing Chungking paraphrased telegram before Date: August 10, 1944 other than a Government REC'd 10:30 a.m. communicated to anyone Agency. (SECRET-0) Secretary of State, Washington. 1946 1383, August 10, 2 p.m. (SECTION TWO Government will continue to offen for delivery. principal purchases will st future hearders and speculators. Too early to say to what Extest increased demand for gold will offset prevailing reluctance to accept pronises of future delivery, particularly acspreas between officials selling price and black marke price for cash bars becomes large. Thus far very little market interest in forward sales. In general price level begins to rise rapidly again while black market price for cash bars is rising, government argue that general price risc caused principally by gold price rise, although actually. GAUSS CSB (balance of cable undecipherable) (serviced) 350 DEPARTMENT DIVISION OF INCOMING OF COMMUNICATIONS AND RECORDS TELEGRAM STATE CORRECTED COPY Chungking via Navy BE-282 This telegram must be paraphrased before being Dated August 10, 1944 other than a Governmental Rec'd 10:45 a.m. communicated to anyone agency. (SECRET 0) Secretary of State Washington 14 1383, August 10, 2 p.m. (SECTION Government will continue to offer gold for future delivery. Principal purchases will stilf be hoarders and speculators. Too early to say to what extent increased demand for gold will offeet prevailing reluctance to accept promises of future delivery, particularly a spread between officials selling price and black market price for cash bars becomes large. Thus far very little market interest in forward sales. In general price level begins to rise rapidly again while black market price for cash bars is rising, government argue that general price rise caused principally by gold price rise, although actually would probably be minor factor. Six. Government has instituted following gold deposit program. (A) Four Government banks and postal savings bank may accept local currency deposits which are converted into gold at prevailing official price. 351 -2- #1383, August 10, 2 p.m. (SECTION TWO) from Chungking price. Deposits for fixed terms of 1,2 and 3 years be prime interest of 6, 8 and 10% respectively. Repayment of principal in gold on due date; interest in CN (B) Gold deposited for same fixed term with interest at 2,3 and 4% respectively, principal and interest payable in gold. No public interest yet shown and Chinese officials do not expect program to be successful. Seven. Government issuing new regulations obliging goldsmiths to stamp fineness on gold and allowing only gola 995 fine to be sold as "pure gold". GAUSS JJM WMB Copy No 352 NOT TO BE RETRANSMITTED SECRET OFTEL No. 260 Information received up to 10 A.M. , 10th August 1944. 1. NAVAL THEM On 8th a Canadian Corvette escorting a convoy was sunk probably by a mine off NORTH CORNWALL. Early 9th an unsuccessful attack made on shipping off NORMANDY by explosive motorboats of which more than 40 were destroyed. A British Cruiser torpedoed at anchor off COURSELLES; no casualties and ship able to steam, MTB' s attacked four R-boats with four small craft off CAP D' 'ANTIFER and probably sank two of latter. Steam gun boats torpedoed an escorted ship offFECAMP. U.S. coastal craft damaged minesweeper off JERSEY. One U.S. patrol craft missing. Early this morning a British Sloop in cooperation with aircraft sank a U-Boat SSW. of ST. NAZAIRE. 2. MILITARY France No change BREST PENINSULA. U.S. advance on Southern flank going well, they have liberated LE MANS and are advancing North towards ALENCON. On British sector advance towards CONDE and FALAISE is making progress; both towns are within artillery range. Russia Russians have captured BERZGALE on railway 33 miles S.E. of RIGA and BENE 47 miles SW of RIGA in addition to numerous inhabited localities in these sectors. Burma Our forward troops on TIDDIM Road are now 14 miles S. of CHURACHANDPUR. Now known that Japanese resistance MYITKYINA did not finally cease until 6th. Remaining stragglers still being accounted for. Heavy fighting 14 miles S.W. MOGAUNG where Allied troops continue to make slight advances. 3. AIR OPERATIONS Western Front 8th/9th. 744 tons dropped on two fuel dumps S. of ST. OMER. 9th. Bomber Command dropped 703 tons on fuel depot FORET DE MORMAL near VALENCIENNES, 561 on seven flying bomb launching sites near DIEPPE and 147 on LA PALLICE U-Boat pens and oil storage depot. Weather clear everywhere. At least two 12,000 pound hits on U-Boat pens. U.S. heavy bombers dropped 1,150 tons on aircraft aero-engine and ball bearing factories in Southern Germany with varied results. A.E.A.F. aircraft in addition to reconnaissances and patrols dropped 275 tons on railways Northern FRANCE and 97 on ammunition dump near ROUEN. German casualties 64:1:43, ours 21 heavy, three medium bombers and four fighters. 9th/10th. Aircraft despatched: Fuel Dump near POITIERS 190 (2 missing) Fuel Dump near LILLE 124. Flying Bomb supply depot FORET DE DIEPPE, 126. Three launching sites 82, Other tasks 105. Weather clear for all bombing attacks though slight ground haze. Results fair to good. Mediterranean 8th. 138 bombers and 431 fighters (4 mirs attacked communications NORTHERN ITA and SOUTHERN FRANCE and objectives battle area. of Hungary and Roumania 7th/8th. 72 bombers (4 missing) MAAF dropped 136 tons on airfield 65 miles S. VIENNA. 8th Escorted Fortresses from RUSSIA droppo 65 120 tons on two airfields N.E. BUCHAREST with good results and a. landed safely in ITALY. German Activity During 24 hours ending 6 A.M. 10th, 52 flying bombs plotted.