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DIARY

Book 282

July 11 - 15, 1940

Book

Page

282

317

Zuure

War Conditions
son

Engineering Company

Bee War Conditions: Airplanes (Engines)
Appointments and Resignations

Harris, Basil: Letters to and from HMJr on resignation 7/15/40

Puleston, William D. (Captain) : HMJr wishes assignment
completed by September 1st

349

-BBarclay's Bank
See War Conditions: Foreign Funds Control
Business Conditions
Economic Developments: Noble (Commerce Department) report 65

7/11/40

Haas memorandum on situation for week ending July 13, 1940..

336

-0 Canada

See War Conditions
China

See War Conditions
Coast Guard

HMJr comments on inability to get extra funds after
Coast Guard has shouldered Northeastern Patrol for
three months "while Navy played in the sun off Guantanamo" 564

7/15/40

-DDeparture Permits (Ships)
See War Conditions: Export Control
Dieu, Louis
Arrival in New York and intention of becoming American

citizen reported by Cochran - 7/13/40

Dutch East Indies
See War Conditions: Foreign Funds Control

-E- Estonia
See War Conditions

Export Control
See War Conditions

276,289

-FBook Page

Finland

See War Conditions: Export Control; Finland
Foreign Funds Control
See War Conditions
France

See War Conditions
Freezing of Funds

See War Conditions: Foreign Funds Control

-GGermany

See also War Conditions

Federal Bureau of Investigation report containing
instructions to propaganda agents - 7/12/40
Gold: See War Conditions: Switzerland

282

138

Gold

See War Conditions: Estonia; France (Martinique);
Lithuania; Switzerland
Great Britain
See War Conditions: United Kingdom

-HHarris, Basil
See Appointments and Resignations

-IIndiana
See Tax Evasion

Italy
See War Conditions

-LLabor

For wage and hour regulations, see War Conditions: Defense
Latvia
See War Conditions: Foreign Funds Control
Loverbeck, Otto H.

Federal Bureau of Investigation report - 7/12/40
-MMartinique
See War Conditions: France
Merchant Shipping

See War Conditions: Export Control

144

-NBook

Page

Netherlands

See War Conditions: Foreign Funds Control

-0 Oil

See War Conditions: Export Control
P-

Phillips, Sir Frederick

See War Conditions: United Kingdom

Puleston, William D. (Captain)
See Appointments and Resignations
R--

Revenue Revision

Excess Profits Tax:

Representatives of National Association of
Manufacturers confer with HMJr - 7/11/40
Conference at Sullivan's home with representatives
of Advisory Commission, Council of National

282

Defense - 7/11/40

a) McReynolds-HMJr communications

1

5

82

Amortization (Vinson-Trammell Act) ruling about to
be made for Wright Aeronautical Corporation
discussed in Foley memorandum - 7/11/40
a) Conference with Knudsen (Foley memorandum) 7/11/40

44

45,105

1) Knudsen reports on Louis Johnson's

(Assistant Secretary of War) refusal

to sign contract embodying suggestions
agreed upon at White House

b) Cooperation of Reconstruction Finance Corporation
discussed by HMJr with Jones - 7/12/40
1) Foley-HMJr conversation
2) Knudsen-HMJr

168
172

174,219

c) Furlong (Admiral, Navy) explains his testimony

in connection with misunderstanding which has
arisen - 7/12/40
Doughton calls to explain absence from meeting and
asks for resume - 7/11/40
Conference with Randolph Paul; Sullivan and Foley also
present - 7/15/40
a) Plan to favor small companies discussed
See also Book 283, pages 9,232,245

256
113
575

-S.

Book Page

Schafer, John C. (Congressman, Wisconsin)
See War Conditions: Airplanes (Engines)
Sell, Kurt (American representative, DNB, Nazi News Agency)
See War Conditions: Germany
Ship Movements

See War Conditions: Export Control

Shipping

See War Conditions: Export Control; Shipping
Spangler, Ruth C. (Mrs.)
See Telephone Switchboard

Stinnes, Edmund H.

See War Conditions: Foreign Funds Control

Sweden

See War Conditions: Export Control; Sweden
Switzerland
See War Conditions

-TTax Evasion

Indiana: Publicity prior to Democratic Convention in
Chicago discussed by McNutt's representative and
Treasury - 7/12/40

282

160

Taxation
See Revenue Revision

Telephone Switchboard

HMJr warns Mrs. Spangler to place no European calls
unless authorized by him - 7/15/40

Texas Company

See War Conditions: Export Control

-UU.S.S.R.

See War Conditions: China; Estonia; Lithuania;
Switzerland; U.S.S.R.
United Kingdom

See War Conditions

- -VVinson-Trammell Act
See Revenue Revision

-WWage and Hour Regulations
See War Conditions: Defense

522

- W - (Continued)
Book

Page

282

108

War Conditions

Agriculture:
Foreign developments - 7/11/40
Airplanes:
Engines:

Allison Engineering Company: Schedule of

deliveries

582

Packard: Agreement to make engines for United

States and Great Britain reported to Purvis

by HMJr - 7/13/40
a) Knudsen disturbed over possible refusal

263

of Jones to agree to plan which will

make possible same treatment from
Reconstruction Finance Corporation with

regard to additional plant facilities

as United States (Foley memorandum) 7/15/40

1) Jones' letter to Knudsen
2) Meeting with Packard officials

323,386,546
327
325

Rolls Royce:
Schafer (Congressman, Wisconsin) HMJr correspondence

concerning "provision of law authorizing Treasury
to place joint purchases for United States and
Great Britain" - 7/11/40
Disposition of plans and drawings now in War

90

Department - 7/15/40

393,506

7/12/40

251

Ward, J. Carlton:
Ford representative's note as presented to Ward -

Preliminary report of Ward group sent to France
at their request by General Motors - 7/15/40
a) Original returned by HMJr after copy has

587

been made - 7/16/40: See Book 283, page 49

b) Copy sent to General Marshall - 7/16/40:
See Book 283, page 64
Canada:

Army Requirements: Conferences between Young, War and

Navy Departments to discuss - 7/15/40

553

China:

Wood Oil: Shipments to United States through Burma (7/9/40)

Petroleum deliveries from United States through Rangoon:
American Consul memorandum - 7/12/40

Financial assistance: White preliminary report on

possibility of - 7/15/40

106

152
290

a) Soong memoranda attached

Chen's resume of situation in China as sent to Chinese
Embassy, Washington - 7/15/40
Three-way arrangement between United States, U.S.S.R.,
and China: White memorandum - 7/15/40

525
533

- W - (Continued)

Book Page

War Conditions (Continued)
Defense:

Wage and Hour Regulations: Administrator Fleming's
(Wage and Hour Division, Labor Department) memorandum
282
to FDR - 7/11/40

117

Estonia:

Transfer of gold to Soviet State Bank reported 7/14/40

Exchange market resume - 7/11/40, etc.
Export Control:
Departure permits discussed by HMJr, Bell, Cairns,
Young, and Harris - 7/11/40
a) Hull-HMJr conversation

281,282

39,164,166

10
14

b) Land-HMJr

19

c) Berle-HMJr

23

d) Watson-HMJr

27

e) Resume of ships involved
f) Harris memorandum stating problem

29,33

g) Foley memorandum

41

34

h) Purvis told of situation

73

ammunition held by order of FDR - 7/11/40
j) Oil Shipments for Spain: HMJr discusses with

79,93

1) SS VELI-RAGNAR (Finnish) carrying Swedish
Knox; FDR has suggested that Navy buy the

cargo, storing it in Virgin Islands, Puerto
Rico, etc. - 7/12/40

1) Foley and Cairns say Presidential Proclamation
will be necessary
2) Conference; present: representatives of
Treasury, Navy, and State - 7/12/40
3) Texas Company representatives confer in
Cairns' office (See also Book 283, page 270)
4) Texas Company representatives confer in

Foley's office
k) Conference; present: HMJr, Bell, Berle, Harris,
Bernstein, Foley, Young, Cochran, and Cairns 7/15/40

192

196
224
248
250

564

1) Conference; present: HMJr, Foley, and Thompson 7/17/40: See Book 283, page 259

Finland:
Trade agreement between Finland and Germany - resume of 7/13/40

265

Foreign Funds Control:

Barclay's Bank: Status of Paris branch asked by Corn
Exchange Bank, Philadelphia (American correspondent) 7/12/40

Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania covered by new regulations 7/15/40

Stinnes, Edmund H.: State Department and British Embassy
express opinions concerning - 7/11/40
Netherlands: Dutch East Indies: Anticipated exchange

regulations described - 7/11/40

Netherlands Bank: Federal Reserve Bank of New York attitude
toward instructions when dispatched from the Netherlands
discussed in Cochran memorandum - 7/12/40

130
583
54

97

150

- W - (Continued)
Book

War Conditions (Continued)

Page

France:

Martinique: Delivery of planes and gold discussed
at 9:30 meeting - 7/12/40

282

157,203

Germany:

Federal Bureau of Investigation report containing
instructions to propaganda agents - 7/12/40
Food Situation: Report prepared in Division of

Monetary Research - 7/12/40
Trade agreement between Finland and Germany -

resume of - 7/13/40

Supplementary trade agreement between Sweden and
Germany - 7/15/40

138

148
265
285

Sell, Kurt (American representative, DNB, Nazi News
Agency): Document for German White Paper No. 6

(alibi for entry into low countries and France)

left through error in Collector of Internal

Revenue's office, Washington, when making arrangements

for leaving for Havana - 7/15/40
a) Distribution of copies

397,435
434

1) White House acknowledgment of copy:
See Book 283, page 1

Italy:

Balances in New York given by Federal Reserve Bank of
New York: Cochran memorandum - 7/12/40

Lithuania:
Transfer of gold earmarked account with Federal Reserve

131

Bank of New York to account of State Bank of Russia -

7/13/40
Shipping:

Harris resume - 7/12/40

Sweden:

Supplementary trade agreement between Sweden and
Germany - 7/15/40
Switzerland:

264
134

285

Credit Suisse: British Embassy, Federal Bureau of
Investigation, and Treasury to watch any transactions
that may show them to be "for Soviet or German

gold traffic" - 7/11/40

a) HMJr and Hoover discuss - 7/11/40

U.S.S.R.:

8

100

Balances in New York given by Federal Reserve Bank of
New York: Cochran memorandum - 7/12/40

131

Ukase making issuance of poor quality or defective

industrial products a crime against the State -

7/15/40

Three-way arrangément between United States, U.S.S.R.,
and China: White memorandum - 7/15/40

284
533

- W - (Continued)
War Conditions (Continued)

Book Page

United Kingdom:

Military Situation: Reports from London transmitted
by Lothian - 7/11/40, etc.

Phillips, Sir Frederick:

London press comment on visit - 7/12/40

Leroy-Beaulieu " " . - 7/12/40

Arrives in Halifax accompanied by Bewley 7/12/40

Agenda for meeting discussed by HMJr, Bell, White,
Cochran, Viner, and Stewart - 7/15/40

White House visit to discuss finances and airplane

282

85,180,186,
278,319
177
179
262

363,384,510

situation suggested by HMJr to General Watson -

7/15/40

Cochran memorandum on visit - 7/15/40

HMJr's pencilled notation

508
514
518

Norman (Governor, Bank of England) informs Kennedy

of Phillips' inability to understand cancellation

of credits and Kennedy points out indication of

bad feeling between Bank of England and Treasury 7/15/40

600

Program "to place nearly every form of commercial
and financial settlement between sterling area
and United States (and Switzerland) on official
basis effective July 18" explained in Cochran
memorandum - 7/15/40

Ward, J. Carlton
See War Conditions: Airplanes
Wright Aeronautical Corporation
See Revenue Revision

333

RE EXCESS PROFITS TAX

Present:

Mr. Sargent
Mr. Richardson
Mr. Chamblin

July 11, 1940
11:00 a.m.

Mr. Sullivan
Mr. Foley

Sargent:

Well, Mr. Secretary, the primary purpose of
our visit here is to tender any cooperation
that we might be able to give through the
Association on the tax problem which confronts

you. We realize, of course, the fact that it

18 necessary in many ways to provide for
raising an additional amount of revenue and

we appreciate also the fact that it is a very
complicated job to do that in such a way as
to raise the revenue in a way which will

provide a measure which will be administratively
as reasonably workable and do as little harm
to industry as may be necessary, particularly
in respect to not providing any handicaps for
the defense industries which we must seek to

promote.

We appreciated enormously the opportunity

offered last year by you to work with you
and Mr. Hanes in connection with some general
tax proposals and in connection with Social
Security matters. In some conferences which
we held, as you know, privately and to which
we never gave any publicity or anything at
all, the fact that we had been in conference
with you was also appreciated. We were able
to work out some things which we thought
afterwards were -H.M.Jr:

It was helpful.

Sargent:

Resulted in improvements, and we are very

willing and desirous, if it would be agreeable
to you, to work in the same way with this
excess profits tax.

2

-2H.M.Jr:

The work you gentlemen did with us on

Social Security was distinctly helpful.
Well, Mr. Sullivan is the man for the
Treasury and we have got to the point that
you gentlemen saw yesterday. Let me ask
you gentlemen, is the Government - the first
question I want to ask - sufficiently far
along 80 that we are actually placing
contracts?

Sargent:

Well, you should know better than we should,
Mr. Secretary, but my own guess is that -

of course, all of these conferences, we
understand, outside of the fact that you
keep a record for yourself, are not for
publication in any way - that there 18 a
large amount of talk about the necessity of
raising a large amount of additional money,
but that as a matter of fact it is physically
impossible to place contracts fast enough or
to provide for the completion of contracts
fast enough even after the contracts are
placed, to require the expenditure of any
large amount of money within, say, a short
period of months or anything of that sort.
In other words, if you should work out a
schedule of the dates when you will probably
make the payments of money under all of the
contracts, billions of dollars which are
placed, they would probably be fairly widely
spaced.

H.M.Jr:

Well, that 18 the impression I had, but the
people you are in contact with - this proposed
legislation
onall?
excess profits, is that holding
them back at

Sargent:

Well, I don't think that is holding it back
as much as some other things. For example,

the question of specifications and tolerances
in connection with many contracts is a very
great deterrent, and I understand that
Mr. Nelson is doing some work endeavoring
to get that straightened out.
We have run across, for example, many instances

where specifications are either woefully incomplete or over-complete. For example,

I

3

-3heard the other day a story - you hear many
such stories, undoubtedly - of a company which where some Government people went to them and
said, "We want to have some tanks built."
"Well, what kind of a tank do you want?" "Well,
we don't know exactly, but we want a tank 80
many feet long and 80 many feet wide to carry

guns of a certain weight. "Have you any other
specifications? "No, we have none at all. We
have a limit of price and we think you ought
to be able to do it for about 200 thousand
dollars," and that was all the company was
given in the effort to work something out,
Mr. Secretary.

H.M.Jr:

It is a good story, anyway. By the time I

Sullivan:

I don't think you could, much.
I guess you are right.
And then on the other hand I had a man tell

H.M.Jr:
Bargent:

tell it, I will improve on it.

me yesterday who was in charge of a large
manufacturing plant that some of the Navy
people came and they had specifications years
ago for a certain radio which was a very fine
radio, 1924, and they had the exact specifications and wanted some more radios built

exactly like that. He said that today there
are radios 80 far more efficient than that

that it is perfectly silly to make that
particular radio at all. We hear all sorts

of incidents of that sort from our members,

Mr. Secretary.
H.M.Jr:
Sargent:

H.M.Jr:

Not too good, is it?
No, sir.
Well, I think if, John, you take these
gentlemen - they were very cooperative with
the Social Security thing and it is a very it is a two way avenue, both for distributing
the facts and getting your constructive
criticism, and I haven't had any trouble
with their working in silence, which is
almost impossible in Washington.

4

4Sargent:

We should be very glad to do whatever we can,

H.M.Jr:

both in considering principles of these taxes,
and efforts to apply principles.
So I don't know when is a good time for you.
Well, I have got three different groups working
in three different places now, and I am just
milling around. I was asking if they were all
here in Washington all of the time or -Well, you fix it up with them. How is that,

Chamblin:

Mr. Richardson and Mr. Sargent are both in

H.M.Jr:

They like to come down here.

Sargent:

We can come down here any time.

H.M.Jr:

They like our climate.

H.M.Jr:

Sullivan:

gentlemen?

New York.

5

TREASURY DEPARTMENT
INTER-OFFICE COMMUNICATION
DATE July 11, 1940
TO

Secretary Morgenthau

FROM

Mr. Foley

For the Secretary's Diary
At a conference held at Mr. Sullivan's home between 8:30 and 12 o'clock Monday
night, July 8th, there were present Messrs. Henderson, Nelson, Forsyth, McReynolds,
Ginsburg and Biggers (who came in about 10 o'clock) representing the Advisory
Commission of the Council of National Defense, and Messrs. Sullivan, Foley, Paul
and Kades of the Treasury Department.

The representatives of the Advisory Commission urged that the proposed
amortization allowances considered in the office of the Secretary of the Treasury
at a conference earlier in the day be approved by the Treasury and submitted to
Congress for enactment into law this week without waiting for the submission of

an excess profits tax. Mr. Sullivan stated that he thought no time would be
lost if the amortization proposal was submitted on July 22 along with the excess

profits tax and opposed sending the amortization proposal to Congress separately.
In answering objections that this would mean long delay while hearings were held
on the excess profits tax, Mr. Foley pointed out that the two could be separated

if it appeared that there would be any real delay and the execution of contracts
was actually held up pending enactment of the amortisation deduction. No agreement was reached as to when the amortization proposal should be submitted to
Congress.

The next point considered was upon whose certification the amortization
allowance would be granted by the Commissioner of Internal Revenue. Mr. Sullivan

expressed the view that the initial certification of the cost and necessity of

the special additional facilities should be made by the Navy and War Departments,
as the case might be, and should be concurred in by the Advisory Commission.
The representatives of the Advisory Commission felt that the War and Navy Departments would certify anything and that the interests of the Government would be
better protected if the Advisory Commission had sole power. Mr. Foley pointed
out that the Advisory Commission would have to get its information from the
service departments in any event but the representatives of the Advisory Com-

mission indicated they thought to require initial certification by the service
departments would result in delay. No decision was reached as to what agency
should make the certification.

A long discussion of the need for special amortization deductions took place
with Mr. Henderson presenting the viewpoint of the Advisory Commission for the
most part, supported by Messrs. Biggers and Nelson. Their argument ran to the

effect that in order to make investment in new plant capacity attractive to private

capital it was essential that the privilege of writing off such plant facilities

rapidlylibe assured and that in this way not only would the national defense
program be expedited and redundant capital utilized, but prices would be stabilized
and kept from rising without the Government losing any revenue in the long run.

6

-2-

Mr. Sullivan stated he was not convinced as to the need for special amortization allowances of such a liberal character, pointing out that no concern had ever
refused a government contract up to date. Mr. Foley indicated he thought a
distinction should be drawn between jigs, tools, dies and machinery on the one
hand and the acquisition of land and construction of buildings on the other hand
and that although a four-year period might be reasonable for machinery it was
rather short for permanent structures. Mr. Kades felt that liberal amortization
allowances would freeze the competitive position of the larger concerns which
would primarily benefit, making it almost impossible for smaller business concerns not having the benefit of the allowances to compete. In the absence of
effective competition, there was little hope that prices could or would be kept
at reasonable levels. Mr. Nelson thought, however, rapid amortization was very
important in stabilizing prices.
Mr. Paul declared that since, once the facilities were amortized, no further
depreciation could be taken the Treasury would not lose any revenue but Mr. Sullivan feared that if the Vinson-Trannell Act were repealed and such liberal amortization allowances permitted, the excess profits tax would not serve the purpose of
checking exorbitant war-time profits and raising the revenue anticipated.
Mr. Biggers brought up the point that Mr. Jones was not willing to go through
with the plan of financing as contemplated in the draft agreement of June 24, 1940
unless the War and Navy Departments would guarantee the manufacturer obtaining a

loan from the RFC against loss resulting from the construction of special additional

facilities, thus shifting from the RFC to the Treasury the risk of any loss.

Mr. Foley pointed out that this was inconsistent with the arrangement which
Mr. Jones had entered into with Mr. Knudsen, that it was not fair to the contracting officers to impose such a responsibility upon them, and that it was not fit
for the RFC to make money from the national defense program as it had made profits

out of unemployment.

The question of carrying over the 25 percent provision from one year to another up to 75 percent was also considered. Mr. Biggers favored this carry-over
because of its flexibility and because there might not be much income in the
first year, but he thought a modification might be made whereby no more than
25 percent deduction could be taken in any one year but the taking of the deduction could be postponed at least through the fifth year. It was suggested that
if the principle of amortization allowances was accepted the percentage permitted
to be deducted had no true relationship to the amount of net income and that from
this standpoint it would be logical to permit some form of carry-over. The
fundamental question was whether four years was a reasonable measure of the

emergency period and this was reconsidered in conjunction with the possibility of
a carry-over without any decision being reached.

i...th.

7

Miss Chauncey:
D

Mrs. Klotz gave me this last night -

said it is very confidential - for the

diary.

She also said she thinks the attachment
goes with it.
7/12

McH

8

TREASURY DEPARTMENT
INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION

DATE July 11, 1940
Secretary Morgenthau

TO

FROM

Mr. Cochran

STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL

The Credit Suisse of Zurich established in New York last year an organization
known as the Swiss American Corporation at 24-26 Pine Street. This is the old home
of Speyer and Company, and part of this organisation was transformed into the new
concern. Mr. George Lindsay, formerly a Speyer partner, is the leading American
officer in the Swiss American Corcoration. Mr. Straessle, from the home office at
Zurich, is here as the head bank's representative. The above-mentioned concern
handles the security end of the Credit Suisse business in the United States. Just
recently an agency of the Credit Suisse has also been opened at the same address in
New York.

Km.S.
On receipt of this I called J. Edgar Hoover and asked
him to check personally on this organization and he suggested,
and I readily concurred that we should supervise.
H. M. Jr.
)

(Memorandum handed by Mr. Pinsent of the British Embassy to

Mr. Cochran of the Treasury on July 1, 1940.)
COPY

June 8th.
1.

Some Soviet gold, after being sent to the Reichsbank,
Berlin, is sent by the latter to. the Société de Banque
Suisse, Locle, (Canton of Neufchatel), where the metal
is refined and then shipped to the United States, via
Genoa.

We have just learned that, following an approach made

to the directors of the Societe de Banque Suisse, these
have pledged themselves not to take part in Soviet or
German gold traffic any longer, and we ask you to watch
the activities of the Société de Banque Suisse, and to
let us know if this bank respects or does not respect

its pledge to the French authorities.

2.

The Reichsbank is supposed to be contacting the "Crédit

Suisse" of Zurich to administer the dollar holdings of
Germany in the United States.

The Danish banks have endeavoured to transfer their

holdings to the "Crédit Suisse" of Zurich.
We wish you would secure all information as to the
activities of the Credit Suisse, and to advise us of
all and any operations which would appear to be of an
irregular nature.
one

3

/

10

RE DEPARTURE PERMITS

Present:

Mr. Bell

July 11, 1940.

11:30 a.m.

Mr. Cairns
Mr. Young

Mr. Harris
H.M.Jr:

Now, there is one ship for Casa Blanca?

Cairns:

Here is a list of them. The first two have

H.M.Jr:

gone. The third has left but can be grabbed.
From here on they are being held.
"On July 2, 1940, the Assistant Collector of
Customs, Port Arthur, Texas, requested permission for the departure of the Spanish Tanker
Campuzano for Malaga, Barcelona and Valencia,
Spain; cargo, refined petroleum products.
This request was referred to Mr. Gaston, and
he personally authorized the issuance of a
departure permit.' "

Caims:
H.M.Jr:

Now, is that being held?
No, that left. The second one has gone.
"On July 5, request for a departure permit was
received from the Collector of Customs, Port
Arthur, Texas, for the Panamanian Steamer Loeta --"
She has gone?

Cairns:

Yes.

H.M.Jr:

And on July 9 --

Cairns:

That is an American vessel, the Nevada, which
has gone but can be detained at Key West today.

H.M.Jr:

At Key West?

Cairns:

Yes, if we act soon enough.

H.M.Jr:

Now, wait a minute. There is another one at
Port Arthur, isn't there? There are two
vessels with oil?
Three with oil.

Cairns:

11

-2H.M.Jr:

Where is the third?

Cairns:

July 10, the Swedish tanker, Bera --

H.M.Jr:

Two were U. S. flags?

Cairns:

Yes.

H.M.Jr:

Two vessels with U. S. flags with oil for going to Spain?

Caims:

Yes.

H.M.Jr:

Now, which is the next one?

Caims:

The Swedish tanker, Bera, for Spain with oil.

H.M.Jr:

I don't want to mix up the U. S. flag and the

Swedish flag.
Caims:

Those are the only American vessels involved.

H.M.Jr:

Then we have got the famous Vel-Ragnar and

then we have got this Casa Blanca thing.

Harris:

I think that is the next to the last there.

H.M.Jr:

A Greek vessel with sugar for Casa Blanca.
Now, the Vel-Ragnar is being held. What
about this Greek vessel, is she being held?

Cairns:

That is being held; one American vessel is
being held, and the Swedish vessel is being

It has sugar.

held.
H.M.Jr:

And the Swedish vessel?

Caims:

Yes.

Bell:

Permits have been denied or delayed?

Cairns:

Delayed.

H.M.Jr:

I guess I have learned my lesson now so I

can talk to Hull.

12

-3Young:

The Vel-Ragnar, I understand that the Swedes

are going to unload her unless she clears by
one o'clock today.

Harris:

That may have come from a suggestion I made

H.M.Jr:

What was that?

Harris:

Well, I told O'Keefe if they came in to see
him to tell them that it might be just as
well to put the munitions on the dock and
let the boat go. They were anxious to get

to them that --

the boat off. So maybe they have adopted
that.

H.M.Jr:
Young:

Where did you hear it from?
I heard it through MacMoreland, who got it
from one of his Swedish friends.

H.M.Jr:

Too much Smorgasbord around here.

Young:

Joe Green also had it from one of his Swedes.

Harris:

Well, it seemed rather silly to me to hold
up a ship for - what is it, 40 or 50 tons,
and that can just as well go on the next
boat if it is cleared and they might just
as well get their boat out.
How big a ship is this?

H.M.Jr:

Harris:
H.M.Jr:

Harris:
Young:

Cairns:

Harris:

I imagine she has probably got 5500 tons.
And the ammunition amounts to --

50 tons, at the most, isn't it?
I don't know what the tonnage is. It is

about five million rounds of ammunition.
I just have 625 cases of ammunition.
No, it is 1625 cases.

13

-4-

Harris:

That is just three and a quarter million and
there is two million rounds of other stuff
in addition.
But those aren't at the dock, are they?

Young:

Along with 33,000 gas masks.

H.M.Jr:

Well, we wouldn't do anything about the gas

Young:

No, they don't require a license. They are

Bell:

It is a fine line you draw.

Young:

masks, would we?

defensive material.

(Telephone conversation with Secretary Hull
follows:)

14

July 11, 1940
11:30 a.m.

H.M.Jr:

Hello.

Operator:

Secretary Hull coming on.

H.M.Jr:

Thank you.

Cordell
Hull:

Henry?

H.M.Jr:

Yes.

H:

I just got -- I've been at work all morning
on twenty things, including that oil ship of
the Texas company, and I understand that the

Maritime Commission is telling them and all
like them that it's dangerous to go into that
area and they're opposed to their going.
H.M.Jr:
H:

I didn't know that.
That they haven't got exact statutory law to
put the thumb screws to them, but that that
is their position so I'm inclined to think
that if you would talk with them and get that
information at first hand you could discourage
these fellows and tell them that we -- give

them the reasons that the Maritime Commission

has.

H.M.Jr:
H:

H.M.Jr:

Yeah, but I've got the -- to issue the license
or not to issue the license.
Well, then, you -- yes.
You see? I mean, I can't argue with the
fellows. I mean, supposing they say, well,
say yes or no to us and

H:

What ground can you refuse license on?

H.M.Jr:

Gosh, I don't know. I guess just not do it,
that's all.

H:

What do you think of your lawyer talking with
the Maritime Commission and seeing if there is -see if you can get a toe hold on that license
thing.

15

-2H.M.Jr:
H:

H.M.Jr:

Well

I'd like to see them discourage it in every
way possible, I just

Well, let's put it this way. If after

talking to the Maritime Commission, I decide
not to let American flagships -- give them
clearance for any reason, you see?

H:

Yeah.

H.M.Jr:

Would you feel perfectly happy about it?

H:

Why, I'd feel all right.

H.M.Jr:

That's all I want to know.

H:

Your lawyer will

H.M.Jr:
H:

Well, I've got plenary power.
I see. You have that power 80 there's no
comeback no matter what your ground is.

H.M.Jr:

No.

H:

I see.

H.M.Jr:

I'm all right on that.

H:

Yes, all right, Henry.
Now, just a minute while I've got you, please.

H.M.Jr:
H:

Yeah.

H.M.Jr:

That takes care of these U.S. flagships, you
see, with oil. Now we're holding a Swedish
ship loaded with oil for Spain.
Well, now, I suggested this a while ago to
somebody, it came in, representing I think
Maxwell's office, maybe. I said, we have
already issued a license and that's little
stuff and we could just in order to not have
any ex post facto controversies we could let
that go and notify the British so they can
pick it up anywhere they want to.

H:

16

-3 H.M.Jr:
H:

H.M.Jr:

Well, I
And get out of it in that fashion because
that would be contraband and the British
would get it for nothing.
Well, what I think is going to happen, I
just got this this last minute, that the
Swedee have figured out it isn't worthwhile
and they're going to most likely unload it
on their own initiative.

H.M.Jr:

Oh, I see.
So that would take

H:

I mean, they know they'd probably be captured.

H.M.Jr:

Yes.

H:

I thought that just to turn it over to the

H:

H.M.Jr:
H:

H.M.Jr:
H:

H.M.Jr:

British that way would get us out of a -- the
bother of dealing with an ex post facto
situation.
Right. Now, we've got another Swedish vessel

that's got oil on it for Spain.

Yeah. Now, that's like the Texas one.
Yes, but this is under a Swedish flag.
Yes. Well, suppose if your man after he
talks with the Maritime Commission fully, -if there's anything else I can discuss in the
light of what they get over there, I'11
be mighty glad to do it.
Yeah. And then we've got a Greek vessel
with sugar for Casa Blanca.

H:

Oh, I see. I see. Those things are going
to become a nuisance, aren't they?

H.M.Jr:

They're a nuisance right now.

H:

Yeah. Well, let's keep in -- I think we need

to keep in touch with this Maritime Commission
and see what they've got on facts about
danger and other things.

17

-4H.M.Jr:

Cordell, is there some fellow over there
you'd like me to work with on this or would
you rather have me call you direct?

H:

Why, it's all right to -- would you like to

H.M.Jr:

Berle and I get along O. K.

H:

Well, all right. Suppose you just work with

H.M.Jr:

That suits me.

H:

And I'11 keep in touch with him.

H.M.Jr:

Good.

H:

Yeah.

H.M.Jr:

Thank you.

H:

All right, sir.

work with Berle?

him on it.

18

-5Harris:

The Maritime Commission has no jurisdiction
over a Greek ship loading sugar to Casa
Blanca.

H.M.Jr:

I know it, but you could see - he said this
is getting to be a damned nuisance.

Harris:

We reached that conclusion some time ago.

Cairns:

Now, there is one simple way to take care of
American vessels, if Mr. Hull wants to do it.
He has got the power to make a qualified
combat zone. He has never done it. All the
combat zones are absolute. He can make a
qualified combat zone on the coast of Spain
and say that American vessels carrying the
following cargoes cannot go into those zones
and he can list petroleum and whatever else

he wants to list.
H.M.Jr:

How about a Swedish vessel?

Caims:

Then we will have to rely on the statute we

are operating under now.
Harris:

H.M.Jr:

I checked yesterday with the British Embassy

and they are not giving navicerts to any of
this oil for Spain, which means that they are
certainly going to be picked up. I think,
Mr. Secretary, if I could suggest this, that
the idea I gave you the other day is the best

one. If you don't want oil to go to Spain,
tell the oil people.
Well, I have started that.
(Telephone conversation with Admiral Land
follows:)

19

July 11, 1940

11:35 a.m.
H.M.Jr:

Hello.

Operator:

Admiral Land. Go ahead.

H.M.Jr:

Hello.

Admiral Emory S.

Land:

Yes, sir. Good morning, Mr. Secretary.

H.M.Jr:

How are you?

L:

Very well.

H.M.Jr:

I just got through talking to the Secretary

of State and he said somebody told him over
at the Maritime Commission that you fellows

felt it would be a little dangerous for

L:

American flagships to take oil over to Spain.
I don't know where -- I don't know that anybody had said that.

H.M.Jr:

Well, I'm just repeating what he just told me
two minutes ago.

L:

I don't think the question of danger came
might mean that it was rather inimical to our
own defense in that the oil itself would probably
not reside in Spain very long but would go to
along unless you mean by that that somebody

some unpleasant belligerents.

H.M.Jr:

No, I think they meant that the ships might
be sunk.

L:

Well, it didn't emanate in any way from an

official source -- it may be an individual's
opinion. I don't know anything about it, as
a matter of fact, except that it was discussed
generally there that with Italian and German
submarines operating in and around Gibralter

that something might happen, but then anybody
could prophesy that. Officially, there's no
such action or no such opinion been expressed
by the Commission. Individuals may have done
80.

20

-2H.M.Jr:

Well, now, look. We've got two American
tankers and we're going to hold them up, see?
Hello?

L:

Yes.

H.M.Jr:

With oil for Spain and I want your backing
and Mr. Hull said he'd be perfectly happy

L:

if we did it.
(Laughs). That's all right with me, I was --

H.M.Jr:

Policy.

L:

O. K.

H.M.Jr:

Policy. I'm not going to say anything
publicly, but if it got into an argument,
I mean, in the -- there won't be any argument,
but I just want to be able to say, because
Mr. Hull said I could call you up, that you're

is this on the basis of danger or policy?

in sympathy with what we're doing.

L:

Oh, yes. As a matter of policy, absolutely.

H.M.Jr:

O. K.?

L:

Yes, sir.

H.M.Jr:

Right. Thank you.

L:

All right.

21

-6Harris:

He overlooked one very fundamental point and

that is, he talked of danger. The danger lies,
Mr. Secretary, not in being sunk, as I see it,
but being picked up - you see, they are not
navicerted and therefore they will be picked
up by the British and they will be taken in
either to Gibraltar or to Falmouth or some
place like that, which means that you are
taking an American ship into a very dangerous
zone. If you take them into Falmouth, into
the barred zone and then if you get an American
ship sunk in those waters, then you are in
trouble.

Caims:

I am afraid, Basil, that if we rely on danger,
then the charge will be if there is danger

Mr. Hull should make a combat zone.
H.M.Jr:

What do you call it?

Cairns:

Qualified combat zone.

Harris:

I think that is pretty sound.

Cairns:

That will be a new idea to the State Department,

but that is perfectly possible, as I understand
the law.

Harris:
Cairns:

You don't want to make it just Spain, do you?
Why not make it Portugal as well.
The whole coast. The statute states the President has the power to make combat zones under

Young:

such rules and regulations as he may proscribe.
There isn't much point in our going over and

H.M.Jr:

No.

Harris:

You know that I talked with Berle yesterday
and Mr. Berle's views coincide strongly with

trying to see Hull.

mine. He said I could state his views. I
didn't bring up this thought of a qualified
danger zone.

22

-7Cairns:
Young:

Cairns:

That is an original thought, but I think it
is possible under the statute.
I think it is a darned good one.

If you can agree on the list of commodities.
American vessels are permitted to go into
this zone provided they don't carry the
following commodities, and we list commodities

the British are apt to seize. The theory is
the British might take the vessel if it has

petroleum on it.

Cairns:

Let a few go in with what you know is all
right.
You can say the vessels carrying the following

Harris:

It is easier to bar two or three.

Cairns:

Say all arms, ammunition, and implements of
war and petroleum, whatever else you want to

Young:

commodities cannot go in.

say. Take everything in the President's
proclamation and then add to it.
H.M.Jr:

What about Casa Blanca?

Cairns:

Extend the combat zone right down the coast.

(Telephone conversation with Mr. Berle follows:)

23

July 11, 1940

11:40 a.m.

H.M.Jr:

Hello,

Operator:

Mr. Berle is with Secretary Hull.
Tell him I -- who's there, on the wire

H.M.Jr:

now?

Operator:

In his office?

H.M.Jr:

No, Mr. Hull's office.

Operator:

Oh.
I'll ring back and get Mr. Hull's
office.

H.M.Jr:

What?

Operator:

I'11 call back and get Mr. Hull's office.
I have Mr. Berle's office on the line now.

H.M.Jr:

Tell the man to go in and ask Mr. Berle if
he can talk to me on the phone that Mr. Hull

said I should talk to Mr. Berle.

Operator:

All right.

H.M.Jr:

See?

Operator:

Right.

H.M.Jr:

Do it through Mr. Hull's secretary. Tell him
that Mr. Hull said I should talk to Mr. Berle.

Operator:

Right.

11:41 a.m.
H.M.Jr:

Hello.

Operator:

Mr. Berle.

H.M.Jr:

Hello.

24

-2Adolph

Berle:

Hello, Henry. How are you?

H.M.Jr:

I'm fine.

B:

That's splendid.

H.M.Jr:
B:

H.M.Jr:

B:

H.M.Jr:

I was just talking to Mr. Hull about some
of these ships -- were you there?
Right. Yes.
Now, look, we've got to get together with
this stuff and we can't keep passing the
buck all the time.

Well, that's what I think.
And I think Cabinet will be over early

today -- could you come over here around

four?
B:

I will do so. Four o'clock.

H.M.Jr:

Four o'clock, yeah. And let me just give
you this thought that you can be thinking
about. The boys here have developed an idea
of a qualified combat zone, in which they'd
specify that in that qualified combat zone
such things as oil, et cetera, could not go in.

B:

Yeah.

H.M.Jr:

You see?

B:

Yeah.

H.M.Jr:

On American flagships.

B:

That's right.

H.M.Jr:

Because this idea -- if we're going to let
all this oil go into Spain, we'll be as bad
as the English were with Italy in Ethiopia.
Yeah. All right.

B:

25

-3H.M.Jr:

And somebody's got to help me on this stuff.
I mean, we can't just keep passing this thing,
you know.

B:

Clearly not.

H.M.Jr:

What?

B:

Clearly not.

B:

So I'11 be ready at four if you'd come.
I'11 do that with pleasure.

H.M.Jr:

Thank you.

B:

Right.

H.M.Jr:

/

26

-8Harris:

You could solve this by just simply adding
petroleum to the President's proclamation
as regards Spain and Portugal.

Cairns:

Yes, but I think we might want to add other

commodities as well. I am not in a position
to speak on what commodities, but somebody
in the Government ought to know.

H.M.Jr:

Well, look, in the meantime we sit on everything just as we are. We don't let anything
go.

Caims:

Perhaps I ought to bring that tanker into
Key West, the American tanker that is due
to pass Key West today.

H.M.Jr:

Bring her in.

27

July 11, 1940

11:45 a.m.
H.M.Jr:

Hello.

General
Watson:

Yeah.

H.M.Jr:

Henry Morgenthau.

W:

Did you call me?

H.M.Jr:

Oh, couple of hours ago.

W:

Well, I just this second got to work. Say,

H.M.Jr:

Where you been, honey?

W:

I've been in there talking to the President,

look here.

boy. (Laughs).
H.M.Jr:
W:

Oh, is that BO? (Laughs). You just come up
for air every two hours -- every two hours?
Yeah. I got a thing over from the Secretary
of State and he turned that thing down on two
counts.

H.M.Jr:

Yeah. And you know what's happening?

W:

What?

H.M.Jr:

I just got through talking to them -- (laughs) --

and we've scared the Swedes so we think they're
going to unload the damn stuff and then we're

W:

H.M.Jr:
W:

going to let them sail.
Good. Well, that's all right then.
They're going to do it on
He, the Secretary of State, went into consultation
with his legal adviser and he sent over here and
advised the President not to do any more. But
they promised to go into each one of those contracts permitting certain cargoes to go. They're
going to study them right immediately.

28

-2H.M.Jr:

Well,

W:

So let me tell them to just take no further
steps then.

H.M.Jr:

No, don't -- hello.

W:

Yeah.

H.M.Jr:

If you'll sit tight, see, and do nothing,

I think in a couple of hours I'm going to
have that ammunition off the boat and do it
so the Swedes won't kick.

W:

All right. I won't do a move then.

H.M.Jr:

You just go on and do what you were doing

W:

(Laughs). All right. All right. 'Bye.

H.M.Jr:

All right. Good-bye.

the last two hours.

29

July 11, 1940

On July 2, 1940, the Assistant Collector of Custome, Port
Arthur, Texas, requested permission for the departure of the
Spanish Tanker CAMPUZANO for Malaga, Barcelona and Valencia,

Spain; cargo, refined petroleum products. This request was
referred to Mr. Gaston, and he personally authorized the
issuance of a departure permit.

On July 5, request for a departure permit was received
from the Collector of Customs, Port Arthur, Texas, for the

Panamanian Steam LOETA for Vigo and Bilbao, Spain; cargo,
fuel oil. Apparently based upon the case of the CAMPUZANO, a
departure permit was issued.

On July 9, a request was received from the Assistant
Collector of Customs, Port Arthur, Texas, for a departure permit
for the American Steamship NEVADA for La Caruna and Bilbao,

Spain, sailing the afternoon of July 9. The owner was given
as the Texas Company, and the cargo as petroleum products in
bulk and in packages. Upon the basis of the above two cases,
a departure permit was issued. It is believed that it is
possible, however, to detain the vessel at Key West today.
On July 10, a request for departure permit was received
from the Collector of Customs, Port Arthur, Texas, for the
American Tanker ARYAN for La Caruna and Santander, Spain.
The ARYAN is a small tanker of 400 feet, and it e cargo is
petroleum products in bulk or in packages. No departure
permit has been issued. The ARYAN plans to sail the morning
of July 13.
On July 10, a request for departure permit was received
from the Collector of Customs, Port Arthur, Texas, for the

Swedish Motor Tanker BERA for La Caruna and Vigo, Spain. It

is carrying a cargo of fuel oil and other petroleum products
in bulk and in packages. It is a vessel of 6787 net tons,
and wishes to sail immediately. No departure permit has
been granted.

On July 10, a request for departure permit was received
from the Collector of Custome, Galveston, Texas, for the Greek

Vessel LACONIKOS. The LACONIKOS TWO plans to sail on July 11.

No departure permit has been granted. On July 2, a departure
permit was given the Norwegian Vessel MATHILDA, carrying a
cargo of refined sugar from New Orleans to Casa Blanca.

The Finnish Vessel VEL-RAGNAR is awaiting a departure
permit in New York Harbor. It carries 1625 cases of ammunition
for the Swedish Government.

30

July 11, 1940.

Dear General Marshall:

I as sending you herewith, for your confidential use,
the following reports:

Part I - Airplanes

Deliveries of and New Orders for Airplanes,
May 1 - July 6. 1940: Unfilled Orders and
Estimated Deliveries on July 6. 1940.

Part II - Airplane Engines

Deliveries of and New Orders for Airplane
Enginee, May 1 - July 6, 1940: Unfilled Orders
and Estimated Deliveries on July 6. 1940.

These tables carry forward through July 6. 1940 the
information furnished you last week.
Sincerely,

(Signed) H. Morgenthau, Jr.

General George C. Marshall,

Chief of Staff.

Var Department,
Washington, D. C.

AM

FILE COPY

By Messenger 955mg/72

31

July 11, 1940.

Dear Mairal Starks

I - sealing you herevith, for your confidential

use. the following reportes

Part I - Airplanes
Deliveries of and New Orders for Airplanes,
May 1 - July 6, 1940: Unfilled Orders and
Retinated Deliveries on July 6. 1940.

Part II - Airplane Enginee
Deliveries of and New Orders for Airplane
Enginee, May 1 - July 6. 19408 Unfilled Ordere
and Retimated Deliveries on July 6. 1940.
These tables earry forward through July 6. 1940 the
information furnished you last week.
Sincerely.
(Signed) H. Morgenthau, J1.

Matral Harold R. Start,
Shief of Moral Operations,

Henry Department,

Washington. D. C.

off

(ack'd 7-12)

FILE COPY

By Messenger 915m 7/12

32

July 11. 1940.

Dear Mr. Handmont

I - sending you herevith, for your confidential use,

two copies of each of the following reportes

Part I - Airplanes
Deliveries of and New Orders for Airplanes,
May 1 - July 6. 1940: Unfilled Orders and
Estimated Deliveries on July 6. 1940.

Part II - Airplane Engines
Deliveries of and New Orders for Airplane
Enginee, May 1 - July 6. 1940: Unfilled Orders
and Estimated Deliveries ea July 6. 1940.
Those tables carry forward through July 6. 1940 the
information furnished you last week.
Sincerely.
(Signed) H. Morgenthau,Jr.

Mr. William s. Dundam,
Chairman, Mivisory Conniesion to the
Council of National Defense,
Room 2262. Federal Receive Building.
Washington, D. c.

MA

FILE COPY

By Messenger 9th 2/12

33

July 11, 1940

On July 2, 1940, the Assistant Collector of Customs, Port
gene
Arthur, Texas, requested permission for the departure of the Spanish
Tanker CAMPUZANO for Malaga, Barcelona and Valencia, Spain; cargo,

refined petroleum products. This request was referred to Mr. Gaston,
and he personally authorized the issuance of a departure permit.

give On July 5, request for a departure permit was received from

the Collector of Customs, Port Arthur, Texas, for the Panamanian Steamer

LOETA for Vigo and Bilbao, Spain; cargo, fuel oil. Apparently based
upon the case of the CAMPUZANO, a departure permit was issued.

On July 9, a request was received from the Assistant Collector
of Customs, Port Arthur, Texas, for a departure permit for the American

Steamship NEVADA for La Caruna and Bilbao, Spain, sailing the afternoon
of July 9. The owner was given as the Texas Company, and the cargo as
petroleum products in bulk and in packages. Upon the basis of the above

two cases, a departure permit was issued. It is believed that it is

possible, however, to detain the vessel at Key West today.
the

On July 10, a request for departure permit was received from
Collector of Customs, Port Arthur, Texas, for the American Tanker

ARYAN for La Caruna and Santander, Spain. The ARYAN is a small tanker

of 400 feet, and its cargo is petroleum products in bulk or in packages.
No departure permit has been issued. The ARYAN plans to sail the
morning of July 13.
On July 10, a request for departure permit was received from
the Collector of Customs, Port Arthur, Texas, for the Swedish Motor Tanker

BERA for La Caruna and Vigo, Spain. It is carrying a cargo of fuel oil
and other petroleum products in bulk and in packages. It is a vessel of
6787 net tons, and wishes to sail immediately. No departure permit has

been granted.

On July 10, a request for departure permit was received from

the Collector of Customs, Galveston, Texas, for the Greek Vessel LACONIKOS
TWO, carrying a cargo of refined sugar to Casa Blanca, French Morocco.
The LACONIKOS TWO plans to sail on July 11. No departure permit has been

granted. On July 2, a departure permit was given the Norwegian Vessel
MATHILDA, carrying a cargo of refined sugar from New Orleans to Case Blanca.
The Finnish Vessel VEL-RAGNAR is awaiting a departure permit

in New York Harbor. It carries 1625 cases of ammunition for the Swedish

Government.

34

July 11,1980
(1) The problem is - In view of this country's intention to
prepare itself for defense, do we want to allow oil (a fundamental

necessity of war) to reach those countries most likely to attack us.
(2) If we prevent exportation of oil from U. 8. to Canary Islands
and/or Spain, whether on U. S. ships or foreign ships will this solve
the problem? (No)

(3) Will not same companies who export oil from U. S. ports, if
prevented, simply export from Central and South American fields?
(Probably)

(4) Who are these companies?

(1) Gulf 011

(3) Texas Co.

(5) Std. of New York

(2) Shell 011 Co. (4) Std. of New Jersey (6) ?
(5) Possible Procedure Call representatives of above companies to Washington,

outline Government's policy and ask their cooperation.

(It is indicated they would agree.)

Have British not allow charters to British, or other
foreign flag tankers which they control, to ply in this
trade.

Have British Government seize all other oil ships
in above waters.

Basil Harris

35

(1) The problem is . In view of this country's intention to
prepare itself for defense, do we want to allow oil (a fundamental

necessity of war) to reach those countries most likely to attack us.
(2) If we prevent exportation of oil from U. s. to Canary Islands
and/or Spain, whether on U. 8. shipe or foreign shipe will this solve
the problem? (No)

(8) will not same companies who export oil from U. s. ports, if
prevented, simply export from Central and South American fieldst
(Probably)

(4) Who are these companies?

(1) Gulf 011

(3) Texas Co.

(5) Std. of New York

(2) Shell 011 Co. (4) Std. of New Jersey (6) 1
(5) Possible Procedure Call representatives of above companies to Washington,

outline Government's policy and ask their cooperation.

(It is indicated they would agree.)

Have British not allow chartere to British, or other
foreign flag tankers which they control, to ply in this
trade.

Have British Government seise all other oil shipe
in above waters.

33

(1) The problem is - In view of this country's intention to
prepare itself for defense, do we want to allow oil (a fundamental
necessity of war) to reach those countries most likely to attack us.

(2) If we prevent exportation of oil from U. S. to Canary Islands
and/or Spain, whether on U. S. ships or foreign ships will this solve
the problem? (No)

(3) will not same companies who export oil from U. S. ports, if
prevented, simply export from Central and South American fields?
(Probably)

(4) Who are these companies?

(1) Gulf 011

(3) Texas Co.

(5) Std. of New York

(2) Shell 011 Co. (4) Std. of New Jersey (6) T
(5) Possible Procedure -

Call representatives of above companies to Washington,

outline Government's policy and ask their cooperation.

(It 18 indicated they would agree.)

Have British not allow charters to British, or other

foreign flag tankers which they control, to ply in this
trade.

Have British Government seise all other oil shipe
in above waters.

37

(1) The problem is - In view of this country's insention to
prepare itself for defense, do we want to allow oil (a fundamental
necessity of war) to reach those countries most likely to attack us.

(2) If we prevent exportation of oil from U. 8. to Canary Islands
and/or Spain, whether on U. 8. shipe or foreign shipe will this solve
the problem? (No)

(3) will not same companies who export oil from U. s. ports, if
prevented, simply expert from Central and South American fields?
(Probably)

(4) Who are these companies?

(1) Gulf 011

(3) Texas Co.

(5) Std. of New York

(2) Shell 011 Co. (4) Std. of New Jersey (6) 1
(5) Possible Procedure Call representatives of above companies to Washington,

outline Government's policy and ask their cooperation.

(It is indicated they would agree.)

Have British not allow charters to British, or other
foreign flag tankers which they control, to ply in this
trade.

Have British Government seise all other oil shipe
in above waters.

38

(1) The problem is - In view of this country's intention to
prepare itself for defense, do we want to allow oil (a fundamental

seccesity of war) to reach those countries most likely to attack us.
(a) If we prevent exportation of oil from U. s. to Canary Islands
and/or Spain, whether on U. s. shipe or foreign shipe will this solve
the problem (No)

(3) will not same companies who export oil from U. a. ports, if
prevented, simply export from Central and South American fieldst
(Probably)

(4) the are these companies?

(1) Gulf 011

(5) Texas Co.

(5) Std. of New York

(a) Shell 011 Co. (4) Std. of New Jersey (6) 1
(5) Possible Procedure Call reprecentatives of above companies to Washington,

outline Government's policy and ask their cooperation.

(It 10 indicated they would agree.)

Have British not allow chartere to British, or other
foreign flag tankers which they control, to ply in this
trade.

Have British Government seise all other oil shipe
in above waters.

39

TREASURY DEPARTMENT
INTER-OFFICE COMMUNICATION

DATE July 11, 1940
TO

Secretary Morgenthan

FROM

Mr. Cochran

CONFIDENTIAL

The downward movement in sterling continued today. From an opening of

3.73, the pound declined, with no appreciable interruption, to a low of 3.66-1/2
at the close. The latter rate was 7-1/2$ below yesterday's final quotation.
Heavier offerings of sterling by foreign banks appeared as the feature in
today's reported turnover figures.
Sales of spot sterling by the six reporting banks totaled £286,000. from

the following sources:

By commercial concerns

& 69,000

By foreign banks (Far East, South America and Europe)

& 217,000
& 286,000

Total

Purchases of spot sterling amounted to £118,000, as indicated below:
& 102,000

By commercial concerns

£ 16,000

By foreign banks (South America and Far East)
Total

£ 118,000

The Guaranty Trust Company reported that it had sold cotton bills totaling
274,000 to the British Control on the basis of the official rate of 4.02-1/2.
The Irving Trust Company stated that it had purchased £4,000 from the

British Control at the official rate of 4.03-1/2. the funds to be used to pay

for shipments of paddles.

The Canadian dollar was quoted at a slightly better rate. After reaching
discount of 14% in mid-afternoon, it reacted to 14-1/4% at the close, as

compared with yesterday's closing discount of 14-5/8%.

The other currencies closed as follows:
Swiss franc
Lira

.2267
.0505

Reichsmark
Cuban peso
Mexican peso

.4004

9-13/16 discount

.1990 bid, .2020 offered.

40
2-

We purchased $1,375,000 in gold from the earmarked account of the Central

Bank of the Colombian Republic.

The Federal Reserve Bank of New York reported that the Bank of Brasil

shipped $2,434,000 in gold from Brasil to the Federal for its account as fiscal

agent of the Brasilian Government.

The State Department forwarded to us a cable stating that the following two
shipments of gold would be made from England, both of which are for sale to the

U. S. Assay Office:

$356,000 shipped by the Midland Bank, London, to the Irving Trust Company, New York.
71,000 shipped by Samuel Montagu, London, to the Irving Trust Company, New York,
$427,000 Total

The Bombay gold price rose the equivalent of 84 to $33.89.

Spot silver in Bombay was equivalent to 43.77#. off 3/16
In London, the prices fixed for spot and forward silver were both 1/8d
lower at 21-13/16d and 21-5/84 respectively. The U. S. equivalents were 39.66

and 39.35.

Handy and Harman's settlement price for foreign silver was unchanged at
34-3/44. The Treasury's purchase price for foreign silver was also unchanged at

35

There were no purchases of silver made by us today.

AMR.
CONFIDENTIAL

41

TREASURY DEPARTMENT
INTER-OFFICE COMMUNICATION
DATE 7/11'40
TO

Secretary Morgenthau

FROM

Mr. Foley

Subject: The Licensing of Exports of Military Equipment, etc.,
Under the Neutrality Act and Under the Embargo
Provisions, Public-No. 703--76th Congress.
I.

Both the procedure and purpose for licenses under the
Neutrality Act and the Embargo Act are and should be completely

different.

Under the Neutrality Act no discretion is given in
connection with the granting or denial of a license for the export
of arms, munitions and implements of war. Under the Embargo Act

all of the material and equipment proclaimed by the President is

not supposed to be granted a license for export unless in the
discretion of the President or someone delegated to act on his
behalf the proposed exportation would not be detrimental to the

interests of the national defense.

II.
Once a person has registered properly under the Neutrality

Act and the exportation would not violate the Neutrality Act or other

law of the United States or a treaty to which the United States is a
party, then the license must be issued.

The relevant provision of the Neutrality Act (Public-No. 54--76th Congress) provides as follows in Section 12(f):

42

-2"Licenses shall be issued by the Secretary
of State to persons who have registered as
herein provided for, except in cases of export
or import licenses there the export of arms,
amminition, or implements of war would be in

violation of this joint resolution or any other

law of the United States, or of a treaty to which
the United States is a party, in which cases such
licenses shalt not be issued; but a valid license
issued under the authority of section 2 of the
joint resolution of August 31, 1935, or section 5
of the joint resolution of August 31, 1935, as
amended, shall be considered to be a valid license
issued under this subsection, and shall remain valid
for the same period as if this joint resolution had
not been enacted."

III.
The purpose of the discretionary powers given to the

President to prohibit or curtail exports of military equipment,
etc., under Public-No. 703--76th Congress H.R. 98507 is to
protect the national defense.

The relevant section of Public-No. 703 provides as
follows:

"Sec. 6. Whenever the President determines

that it is necessary in the interest of national
defense to prohibit or curtail the exportation of
any military equipment or mmitions, or component

parts thereof, or machinery, tools, or material,

or supplies necessary for the manufacture, servicing,
or operation thereof, he may by proclamation prohibit
or curtail such exportation, except under such rules
and regulations as he shall prescribe. Any such
proclamation shall describe the articles or materials
included in the prohibition or curtailment contained

therein. In case of the violation of any provision
of any proclamation, or of any rule or regulation,

issued hereunder, such violator or violators, upon
conviction, shall be punished by a fine of not more

than $10,000, or by imprisonment for not more than
two years, or by both such fine and imprisonment.

43

- -3The authority granted in this section shall

terminate June 30, 1942, unless the Congress

shall otherwise provide."

Orderly and effective administration would seem to
require that the issuance of a license under the Embargo Act be

required prior to the issuance of a license under the Neutrality

Act. If in the interests of the national defense a license is
denied no license need be or could legally be issued under the

Neutrality Act. The Neutrality Act provides that a license cannot
be issued where it would be in violation of a law of the United
States. Exportation prohibited under the Embargo Act would thus

prevent the issuance of a license under the Neutrality Act.

E....th

44

TREASURY DEPARTMENT
INTER-OFFICE COMMUNICATION
DATE

TO

Secretary Morgenthau

FROM

Mr. Foley

July 11, 1940.

A long step toward solving the problem of amortizing the cost of acquiring
new facilities by private manufacturers who participate in the national defense
program is taken by a ruling about to be made by the Commissioner of Internal
Revenue in the case of the Wright Aeronautical Corporation based upon the following facts:

1. The RFC by letter dated June 20, 1940, addressed to Wright
has agreed to lend to a subsidiary of Wright the sum of $33,500,000
to be repaid within eight years at 4 percent from the proceeds of
the sale of aircraft engines to the Government on the basis of $800.00
per engine.

2. The Wright subsidiary will receive $33,350,000 for the pur-

pose of constructing and equipping a new plant. The remaining $150,000

will be expended to acquire the site for the new plant, the title to
which will be either in the RFC, or in a subsidiary of the RFC, which

will lease the site to the Wright subsidiary for the eight year period
of the loan at an annual rental of $6,000. The Wright subsidiary will

have the option to renew the lease of the ground for eight years.

3. The loan by the RFC to the Wright subsidiary will be secured
by a first mortgage on the leasehold (i.e. the buildings and the machinery)
but, like railroad equipment trusts and bonds of public authorities like
the Triborough Bridge Authority, will not be secured by the general credit
of the Wright Aeronautical Corporation itself.
4. Since Wright Aeronuatical Corporation has more than doubled its
productive capacity in recent years and contemplates this further expansion only because of the existing national defense program, it can not

be said that there is any reasonable certainty that the lease of the
ground will be newed at the end of the eight year period. Consequently,
the Wright subsidiary is entitled to spread the cost of the buildings
and the machinery (i.e. $33,350,000) over the eight year period, without taking into account the right of renewal, under existing Treasury
regulations and court decisions. This deduction under the regulations
(Regulations 103, $19.23(a)-10) is in lieu of depreciation and is entirely satisfactory to Wright Aeronautical Corporation, as stated in a letter
dated July 3, 1940.

45

July 11, 1940.

MEMORANDUM FOR THE SECRETARY'S DIARY.

At 5 o'clock this afternoon there was a conference in Secretary
Morgenthau's office. Those present were Secretary Morgenthau, William
Knudsen and Ed Foley.

Mr. Knudsen said that Assistant Secretary of War Louis Johnson
refused to sign contracts embodying suggestions agreed upon at the White

House yesterday in regard to legislation to be introduced in the near
future to afford special amortization treatment for additional plant

facilities upon certification that such facilities were necessary for

national defense purposes. Secretary Morgenthau advised Mr. Knudsen

to take the matter up with Secretary Stimson. Mr. Foley confirmed

Secretary Morgenthau's statement that everything Assistant Secretary
of War Johnson was empowered to do, the Secretary of War also could do.
Mr. Foley pointed out that an erroneous impression had grown up in
Washington that the Assistant Secretary of War had certain statutory
powers independent of the Secretary of War. Mr. Foley stated that we
had examined the law and the Assistant Secretary of War acted under

the supervision and direction of the Secretary of War.
Mr. Foley told Mr. Knudsen that Mr. Johnson of course could not
incorporate provisions in the contract which were not authorized by
law. However, there seemed to be no reason why Mr. Johnson could not

write a letter to the other contracting party stating that if legisla-

tion were enacted to afford special amortization treatment for additional

plant facilities, such legislation would be taken into consideration in

connection with the contract entered into by the Army prior to the enactment of the legislation. Mr. Knudsen said that this seemed to be a
practical solution since he in turn could advise the other party to the
contract to proceed on this basis.
Secretary Morgenthau said that he would be willing to go with
Mr. Knudsen to Secretary Stimson's office but Mr. Knudsen did not think
this was necessary. Secretary Morgenthau said that he would hold himself
in readiness to do everything in his power to assist Mr. Knudsen in
getting contracts executed without further delay.

111th

46

July 11, 1940.

MEMORANDUM FOR THE SECRETARY'S DIANY.

At 5 o'clock this afternoon there was & conference in Secretary
Morgenthau's office. Those present were Secretary Morgentham, William
Knudsen and Ad Foley.

Mr. Knudsen said that Assistant Secretary of For Louis Johnson
refused to sign contracts embodying suggestions agreed upon at the White

House yesterday in regard to legislation to be introduced in the near
future to afford special amortization treatment for additional plant

facilities upon certification that such facilities were necessary for

national defense purposes. Secretary Morgenthau advised Mr. Knudsen

to take the matter up with Secretary Stimson. Mr. Foley confirmed
Secretary Morgenthau's statement that everything Assistant Secretary
of Far Joseson was empowered to do, the Secretary of Far also could do.
Mr. Felay pointed out that an erroneous impression had grown up in
Washington that the Assistant Secretary of Bar bad certain statutory
powers independent of the Secretary of Bar. Mr. Foley stated that we
had examined the law and the Assistant Secretary of Bar acted under
the supervision and direction of the Secretary of War.
Mr. Folay told Mr. Knudsen that Mr. Johnson of course could not
incorporate provisions 10 the contract which were not authorised by
law. However, there seened to be so reason why Mr. Johnson could not

write a letter to the other contrecting party stating that if legisla-

tion were enacted to afford special amortization treatment for additional
plant facilities, such legislation would be taken into consideration in
connection with the contract entered into by the Army prior to the enactment of the Legislation. Mr. Knudsen said that this seemed to be a
Factical solution since he in turn could advise the other party to the
contract to proceed on this basis.
Secretary #orgenthau said that he would be willing to go with
Mr. Knudsen to Secretary Stimson's office but Mr. Knudsen did not think
this was necessary. Secretary Morgenthau said that he would hol himself
in readiness to do everything in his power to assist Mr. Knudsen is
getting contracts executed without further delay.

(Initialed) E. F., Jr.

7-11-40

47

TREASURY DEPARTMENT

Washington
FOR RELEASE, MORNING NEWSPAPERS

Thursday, July 11, 1940.

Press Service
No. 21-55

7/10/40

Secretary of the Treasury Morgenthau today offered for cash
subscription, through the Federal Reserve Banks, at par and accrued
interest, an issue of 2-1/4 percent Treasury Bonds of 1954-56. The
amount of the public offering is $600,000,000, or thereabouts, and
in addition $50,000,000, or thereabouts, of these bonds may be sold
to Government investment accounts during the next month. For the

benefit of small investors, preferential allotment will be given
to subscriptions for $5,000 and under, where delivery in registered
bonds 90 days after the issue date is specified. Those who enter
such a subscription for preferential allotment may not enter any
other subscription.

The bonds now offered will be dated July 22, 1940, and will
bear interest from that date at the rate of 2-1/4 percent per annum,
payable semiannually on June 15 and December 15, with the first

coupon covering the fractional period from July 22 to December 15,
1940. The bonds will mature June 15, 1956, but may be redeemed

at the option of the United States on and after June 15, 1954. They
will be issued in two forms: bearer bonds, with interest coupons
attached, and bonds registered both as to principal and interest;
both forms will be issued in denominations of $50, $100, $500,
$1,000, $5,000, $10,000 and $100,000.

-2-

48

The bonds will be accorded the same exemptions from taxation
as are accorded other issues of Treasury bonds now outstanding.

These provisions are specifically set forth in the official circular
issued today.

Subscriptions will be received at the Federal Reserve Banks
and Branches, and at the Treasury Department, Washington. Banking

institutions generally may submit subscriptions for account of
customers, but only the Federal Reserve Banks and the Treasury

Department are authorized to act as official agencies. Subscriptions
from banks and trust companies for their own account will be
received without deposit but will be restricted in each case to an
amount not exceeding one-half of the combined capital and surplus

of the subscribing bank or trust company. Subscriptions from all
thers must be accompanied by payment of 10 percent of the amount

of bonds applied for.

The right is reserved to close the books as to any or all
subscriptions or classes of subscriptions at any time without
notice. The basis of allotment will be publicly announced. Paynent for any bonds allotted must be made or completed on or before

July 22, 1940, or on later allotment.

The text of the official circular follows:

49
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

2-1/4 PERCENT TREASURY BONDS OF 1954-56

Dated and bearing interest from July 22, 1940

Due June 15, 1956

REDEEMABLE AT THE OPTION OF THE UNITED STATES AT PAR AND ACCRUED

INTEREST ON AND AFTER JUNE 15, 1954

Interest payable June 15 and December 15
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,

1940

Department Circular No. 637

Office of the Secretary,

Washington, July 11, 1940.

Fiscal Service
Bureau of the Public Debt
I. OFFERING OF BONDS

1. The Secretary of the Treasury, pursuant to the authority
of the Second Liberty Bond Act, approved September 24, 1917, as

amended, invites subscriptions, at par and accrued interest, from
the people of the United States for 2-1/4 percent bonds of the
United States, designated Treasury Bonds of 1954-56. The amount

of the public offering is $600,000,000, or thereabouts. In addition
to the amount offered for public subscription, $50,000,000, or
thereabouts, of these bonds may be allotted to Government investment accounts.

II. DESCRIPTION OF BONDS

1. The bonds will be dated July 22, 1940, and will bear
interest from that date at the rate of 2-1/4 percent per annum,
payable on a semiannual basis on December 15, 1940, and thereafter

on June 15 and December 15 in each year until the principal amount
becomes payable. They will mature June 15, 1956, but may be re-

deemed at the option of the United States on and after June 15, 1954,

-2-

50

in whole or in part; at par and accrued interest, on any interest
day or days, on 4 months' notice of redemption given in such manner

as the Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe. In case of
partial redemption the bonds to be redeemed will be determined by
such method as may be prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury.
From the date of redemption designated in any such notice, interest
on the bonds called for redemption shall cease.

2. The bonds shall be exempt, both as to principal and
interest, from all taxation now or hereafter imposed by the United
States, any State, or any of the possessions of the United States,

or by any local taxing authority, except (a) estate or inheritance
taxes, or gift taxes, and (b) graduated additional income taxes,
commonly known as surtaxes, and excess-profits and war-profits taxes,
now or hereafter imposed by the United States, upon the income or

profits of individuals, partnerships, associations, or corporations.
The interest on an amount of bonds authorized by the Second Liberty
Bond Act, approved September 24, 1917, as amended, the principal

of which does not exceed in the aggregate $5,000, owned by any

individual, partnership, association, or corporation, shall be
exempt from the taxes provided for in clause (b) above.

3. The bonds will be acceptable to secure deposits of public
moneys, but will not bear the circulation privilege and will not
be entitled to any privilege of conversion.
4. Bearer bonds with interest coupons attached, and bonds
registered as to principal and interest, will be issued in denominations of $50, $100, $500, $1,000, $5,000, $10,000 and $100,000.

51

-3Provision will be made for the interchange of bonds of different
denominations and of coupon and registered bonds, and for the transfer of registered bonds, under rules and regulations prescribed by
the Secretary of the Treasury.
5. The bonds will be subject to the general regulations of
the Treasury Department, now or hereafter prescribed, governing
United States bonds.
III. SUBSCRIPTION AND ALLOTMENT

1. Subscriptions will be received at the Federal Reserve Banks
and Branches and at the Treasury Department, Washington. Banking

institutions generally may submit subscriptions for account of
customers, but only the Federal Reserve Banks and the Treasury

Department are authorized to act as official agencies. Others than

banking institutions will not be permitted to enter subscriptions
except for their own account. Subscriptions from banks and trust
companies for their own account will be received without deposit
but will be restricted in each case to an amount not exceeding onehalf of the combined capital and surplus of the subscribing bank
or trust company. Subscriptions from all others must be accompanied
by payment of 10 percent of the amount of bonds applied for.

2. The Secretary of the Treasury reserves the right to reject
any subscription, in whole or in part, to allot less than the amount
of bonds applied for, and to close the books as to any or all subscriptions at any time without notice; and any action he may take
in these respects shall be final. Subscriptions for amounts up
to and including $5,000 where the subscribers specify that delivery

52

-4be made in registered bonds 90 days after the issue date will be
given preferred allotment. In each such case a subscriber may
not enter any other subscription, and payment must be made as pro-

vided in Section IV of this circular. Allotment notices will be
sent out promptly upon allotment, and the basis of the allotment
will be publicly announced.
IV. PAYMENT

1. Payment at par and accrued interest, if any, for bonds
allotted hereunder must be made or completed on or before July 22,

1940, or on later allotment. In every case where payment is not
so completed, the payment with application up to 10 percent of the
amount of bonds applied for shall, upon declaration made by the

Secretary of the Treasury in his discretion, be forfeited to the
United States. Any qualified depositary will be permitted to make
payment by credit for bonds allotted to it for itself and its
customers up to any amount for which it shall be qualified in excess
of existing deposits, when so notified by the Federal Reserve Bank

of its district.
V. GENERAL PROVISIONS

As fiscal agents of the United States, Federal Reserve
Banks are authorized and requested to receive subscriptions, to
1.

make allotments on the basis and up to the amounts indicated by

the Secretary of the Treasury to the Federal Reserve Banks of the

respective districts, to issue allotment notices, to receive payment for bonds allotted, to make delivery of bonds on full-paid
subscriptions allotted, and they may issue interim receipts pending
delivery of the definitive bonds.

53

-52. The Secretary of the Treasury may at any time, or from
time to time, prescribe supplemental or amendatory rules and
regulations governing the offering, which will be communicated
promptly to the Federal Reserve Banks.

HENRY MORGENTHAU, JR.,

Secretary of the Treasury.

54

July 11. 1940
Mr. Bell
Mr. Cochras

STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL
At our meeting yesterday on control of foreign funds, I was asked to find out
from the State Department what I could in regard to the standing of Mr. Edmund H. Stimmes
is whose behalf Kidder, Peobody and Company have filed sa application for the transfer
of certain securities from an account with a Netherlands concern.

This evening I have spoken with Mr. James Dann. Advisor on Policital Relations
in the Department of State, who was one of the four State Department officers listed
as references by Mr. Stimmes in the application.

Mr. Dunn told me that it was an importinence for Mr. Stinnee to list his as a
reference. It was true that Mr. Stinnes had visited the Department on various
occasions and had been received by Mr. Dann as well as by Nessre. Messeremith and

Goist. who were likevise listed is the application, and had made a display of his
anti-Nasi feelings. Mr. Dunn had never considered Mr. Stinnes' remarks of sufficient
value to form the basis of a nemorandus. Dunn had listened to his as he is obliged
. listen to many callers. He said he would "not touch him with a ten-feet pole"
and even suspected him, as he did his father, of possibly being a Nasi agent.
Mr. Dunn suggested that I let the other nea in the State Department know that Stinnee

bad eited then as references.

July 12. 1940

I asked Mr. Pinsent this morning about Stinnes. He stated that Stinnes had
a reputation for reliability and for being pro-British. Pinsent thought it would
be safe to release any funds necessary to him for living expenses. If he, however,
vented any large amount, Pinsent would be a little suspicious. It should be taken
into consideration. Pinsent said, that Stinnee may have relatives in Germany upon

whom considerable pressure sight be brought.

I asked Mr. Geist of the State Department what be knew about Mr. Stinnes. Goist
stated that he had known Stinnes for many years in Germany: had granted him an immi-

gration vise to come to this country: and that Stinnee was at his home for dianer
last night. To Mr. Neederwith and other State Department efficials Mr. Geist said
that Mr. Stinnes had in recent years given much information which was helpful to us.
and which was certainly not to the interest of the Nest Government. Geist pointed

out that Stinnes was seeing a number of our Government people. and had conferred with

Mr. Stettinius recently. Geist does not believe that he is a Nasi agent. AS the
same time he insisted that he listens to Stinnes and gives no information is return.
He sees no objection to our releasing funds to Stinnes. He advises against taking
his into our confidences.
C.

55

TREASURY DEPARTMENT

Washington
FOR RELEASE, MORNING NEWSPAPERS

Thursday, July 11, 1940.

Press Service
No. 21-55

7/10/40

Secretary of the Treasury Morgenthau today offered for cash
subscription, through the Federal Reserve Banks, at par and accrued
The
interest, an issue of 2-1/4 percent Treasury Bonds of 1954-56.
amount of the public offering is $600,000,000, or thereabouts and
in addition $50,000,000, or thereabouts, of these bonds may be sold
to Government investment accounts during the next month. For the

benefit of small investors, preferential allotment will be given
to subscriptions for $5,000 and under, where delivery in registered
bonds 90 days after the issue date is specified. Those who enter
such a subscription for preferential allotment may not enter any
other subscription.
The bonds now offered will be dated July 22, 1940, and will

bear interest from that date at the rate of 2-1/4 percent per annum,
payable semiannually on June 15 and December 15, with the first

coupon covering the fractional period from July 22 to December 15,
1940. The bonds will mature June 15, 1956, but may be redeemed

at the option of the United States on and after June 15, 1954. They
will be issued in two forms: bearer bonds, with interest coupons
attached, and bonds registered both as to principal and interest;
both forms will be issued in denominations of $50, $100, $500,
$1,000, $5,000, $10,000 and $100,000.

56

-2The bonds will be accorded the same exemptions from taxation
as are accorded other issues of Treasury bonds now outstanding.

These provisions are specifically set forth in the official circular
issued today.

Subscriptions will be received at the Federal Reserve Banks
and Branches, and at the Treasury Department, Washington. Banking

institutions generally may submit subscriptions for account of
customers, but only the Federal Reserve Banks and the Treasury

Department are authorized to act as official agencies. Subscriptions
from banks and trust companies for their own account will be
received without deposit but will be restricted in each case to an
amount not exceeding one-half of the combined capital and surplus

of the subscribing bank or trust company. Subscriptions from all
others must be accompanied by payment of 10 percent of the amount

of bonds applied for.

The right is reserved to close the books as to any or all
subscriptions or classes of subscriptions at any time without
notice. The basis of allotment will be publicly announced. Pay.

ment for any bonds allotted must be made or completed on or before

July 22, 1940, or on later allotment.

The text of the official circular follows:

57
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

2-1/4 PERCENT TREASURY BONDS OF 1954-56

Dated and bearing interest from July 22, 1940

Due June 15, 1956

REDEEMABLE AT THE OPTION OF THE UNITED STATES AT PAR AND ACCRUED

INTEREST ON AND AFTER JUNE 15, 1954

Interest payable June 15 and December 15
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,

1940

Department Circular No. 637

Office of the Secretary,

Washington, July 11, 1940.

Fiscal Service
Bureau of the Public Debt
I. OFFERING OF BONDS

1. The Secretary of the Treasury, pursuant to the authority
of the Second Liberty Bond Act, approved September 24, 1917, as

amended, invites subscriptions, at par and accrued interest, from
the people of the United States for 2-1/4 percent bonds of the
United States, designated Treasury Bonds of 1954-56. The amount

of the public offering is $600,000,000, or thereabouts. In addition
to the amount offered for public subscription, $50,000,000, or
thereabouts, of these bonds may be allotted to Government investment accounts.
II. DESCRIPTION OF BONDS

1. The bonds will be dated July 22, 1940, and will bear
interest from that date at the rate of 2-1/4 percent per annum,
payable on a semiannual basis on December 15, 1940, and thereafter

on June 15 and December 15 in each year until the principal amount
becomes payable. They will mature June 15, 1956, but may be re-

deemed at the option of the United States on and after June 15, 1954,

-2-

58

in whole or in part, at par and accrued interest, on any interest
day or days, on 4 months' notice of redemption given in such manner

as the Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe. In case of
partial redemption the bonds to be redeemed will be determined by
such method as may be prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury.
From the date of redemption designated in any such notice, interest
on the bonds called for redemption shall cease.
2. The bonds shall be exempt, both as to principal and

interest, from all taxation now or hereafter imposed by the United
States, any State, or any of the possessions of the United States,

or by any local taxing authority, except (a) estate or inheritance
taxes, or gift taxes, and (b) graduated additional income taxes,
commonly known as surtaxes, and excess-profits and war-profits taxes,
now or hereafter imposed by the United States, upon the income or

profits of individuals, partnerships, associations, or corporations.
The interest on an amount of bonds authorized by the Second Liberty
Bond Act, approved September 24, 1917, as amended, the principal

of which does not exceed in the aggregate $5,000, owned by any

individual, partnership, association, or corporation, shall be
exempt from the taxes provided for in clause (b) above.

3. The bonds will be acceptable to secure deposits of public
moneys, but will not bear the circulation privilege and will not
be entitled to any privilege of conversion.
4. Bearer bonds with interest coupons attached, and bonds
registered as to principal and interest, will be issued in denominations of $50, $100, $500, $1,000, $5,000, $10,000 and $100,000.

59

-3Provision will be made for the interchange of bonds of different
denominations and of coupon and registered bonds, and for the transfer of registered bonds, under rules and regulations prescribed by
the Secretary of the Treasury.

5. The bonds will be subject to the general regulations of
the Treasury Department, now or hereafter prescribed, governing
United States bonds.
III. SUBSCRIPTION AND ALLOTMENT

1. Subscriptions will be received at the Federal Reserve Banks
and Branches and at the Treasury Department, Washington. Banking

institutions generally may submit subscriptions for account of
customers, but only the Federal Reserve Banks and the Treasury

Department are authorized to act as official agencies. Others than

banking institutions will not be permitted to enter subscriptions
except for their own account. Subscriptions from banks and trust
companies for their own account will be received without deposit
but will be restricted in each case to an amount not exceeding one-

half of the combined capital and surplus of the subscribing bank
or trust company. Subscriptions from all others must be accompanied
by payment of 10 percent of the amount of bonds applied for.

2. The Secretary of the Treasury reserves the right to reject
any subscription, in whole or in part, to allot less than the amount
of bonds applied for, and to close the books as to any or all subscriptions at any time without notice; and any action he may take
in these respects shall be final. Subscriptions for amounts up
to and including $5,000 where the subscribers specify that delivery

-4-

SO

be made in registered bonds 90 days after the issue date will be
given preferred allotment. In each such case a subscriber may
not enter any other subscription, and payment must be made as pro-

vided in Section IV of this circular. Allotment notices will be
sent out promptly upon allotment, and the basis of the allotment
will be publicly announced.
IV. PAYMENT

1. Payment at par and accrued interest, if any, for bonds
allotted hereunder must be made or completed on or before July 22,

1940, or on later allotment. In every case where payment is not
so completed, the payment with application up to 10 percent of the
amount of bonds applied for shall, upon declaration made by the

Secretary of the Treasury in his discretion, be forfeited to the
United States. Any qualified depositary will be permitted to make
payment by credit for bonds allotted to it for itself and its
customers up to any amount for which it shall be qualified in excess
of existing deposits, when so notified by the Federal Reserve Bank

of its district.
V. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1. As fiscal agents of the United States, Federal Reserve
Banks are authorized and requested to receive subscriptions, to
make allotments on the basis and up to the amounts indicated by

the Secretary of the Treasury to the Federal Reserve Banks of the

respective districts, to issue allotment notices, to receive payment for bonds allotted, to make delivery of bonds on full-paid
subscriptions allotted, and they may issue interim receipts pending
delivery of the definitive bonds.

61

-52. The Secretary of the Treasury may at any time, or from
time to time, prescribe supplemental or amendatory rules and
regulations governing the offering, which will be communicated
promptly to the Federal Reserve Banks.

HENRY M.ORGENTHAU, JR., ,

Secretary of the Treasury.

In
AS

Tientsin via N. R.
Dated July 11, 1940
Rec'd 9:27 a.m.

Secretary of State,
Washington.

122, July 11, 10 a.m.

Disposal of Tientsin silver in British Concession
for relief purposes.
A communique from the Japanese Consulate General

dated yesterday is printed in todays NORTH CHINA STAR as

follows: "Arrangements in connection with the disposal
of the silver holdings in the British Concession as provided in the Anglo-Japanese agreement have been completed

between the Japanese and British consuls general.

Accordingly, actual work to set aside pounds sterling
one hundred thousand worth of silver was started on
July nineth", .

Yesterday's statement made by the British Consul

General reads: "The Tientsin agreement provides for the
setting aside of pounds sterling one hundred thousand for
purposes of relief. Arrangements have not been completed

and the silver will be transferred to the Chartered Bank
in

62

63

AS-2- #122, July 11, 10 a.m., from Tientsin via N. R.

in the near future pending final arrangements for its
shipment abroad for purposes of sale".
Yesterday's Domei reports states that the French
Consul and Japanese Consul General will meet "in a day

or so" to affirm the draft agreement on the policing
question in the French Concession in Tientsin, discussions of which were concluded yesterday, immediately
after approval by the Gaimussy and the French Embassy
in Tokyo.

Sent to Department.

Repeated to Chungking, Peiping, Shanghai. Air mail
to Tokyo.
FLETCHER
DDM

64

PARAPHRASE OF TELEGRAM SENT

TO: American Embassy, R1o de Janeiro
NO.: 211

DATE: July 11, 1940, 5 p.m.

Reference is made to your despatch no. 3197 of
June 24, 1940.

The Department has been informed by the Treasury
Department that they have been advised by the Chase

Bank that the two checks referred to in the abovementioned despatch have neither been advised, presented,

nor paid. It 18 also stated by the Treasury that they
have, moreover, issued to the Chase Bank a license allow-

ing up to 25 percent of the Banco Francez e Italiano's
balances to be paid.
HULL (FL)
EA:FL:EB

EA:EB

July 11, 1940
CONFIDENTIAL

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS

PRELIMINARY DATA FOR JUNE show that consumption advanced sharply in

that month, allowing for usual seasonal adjustments. Our index
of the dollar value of all retail sales passed the December 1939
peak and the physical volume index equaled last year's high, also
made in December. The June gain over May in these indexes resulted largely from substantial increases recorded in department
store and automobile sales.

EXAMPLES:

Total Retail Trade - Seasonally Adjusted
(1929=100)

Dollar
Value

Physical
Quantity

87.5
95.3

100.5
108.0

95.3
95.7
92.2
94.1
94.1
96.0

107.8
107.8
103.9
105.8
105.7
108.0

1939
June
December

19/0
January
February
March

April
May

June

As compared with a year ago-bafore the war boosted production and

income-dollar volume of retail trade has risen approximately 10
percent. Extent of the increases in the various areas of trade
were as follows:

Percent increase in retail sales
June 1939 to June 1940
Automobiles

Department stores
Variety
Grocery

34
8

5

8

Bural General

8

Gasoline

3

SIGNIFICANCE: Consumption, which is characteristically more
sluggish than production, dropped only moderately during the

first quarter of this year. Under the impact of the defense

program, largely psychological so far, consumption has reached

last year's high although production is still below the December

1939 peak.

65

66

-2-

It is interesting to note that, at its June level, consumption
in quantity terms was 8 percent above the 1929 average. As
population also increased 8 percent during the decade, per
capita consumption in June was equivalent to that of 1929. In
the expansion that is now under way per capita consumption should
top the 1929 figure to reach new record levels.
SUSTAINED RISE IN RETAIL SALES of automobiles during the latter two-

thirds of June, after the unfavorable late May and early June
showing, lifted sales for the month above the May total. This
contrasessonal gain is an indication of the firm tone prevailing
in consumer's markets. Coupled with the slackening in assemblies,

the high rate of retail deliveries effected a substantial (90,000)
reduction in dealer's stocks of new care. Continued ourtailment
of production is, of course, in prospect as the model year approaches
its close but the 1st-up will not be considerably more than the usual
seasonal. The industry's position is now quite satisfactory-such
more so than seemed likely a few months ago. Several independent
producers have already stopped production on the current nodel,
and indications are that the production year will be substantially
over by the end of August rather than September.
EXAMPLES:

Automobile Production, Sales, and Inventories
(1940 Model Year to Date)

United States Domestic Sales New Car
Inventories*
Plus Exports
Production
(In thousand units)
October

312

301

November
December

352
452
448
394

327

January
February
March

April
May

June (preliminary)
*Calculated

417
432
391
336

339
314
309
429
427
403

425

155
180
273

407
492
480
485
473
384

67

-3Automobile Production, Sales, and Exports
(First 9 months of model year)
(In thousand units)
Model-year

Production

1929

1932
1935
1937
1938
1939
1940

Domestic Sales

4,641
1,192
2,941
3,907
2,220
2,932
3,553

3,714
1,081
2,544
3,332
1,866
2,389
3,067

Exports
454
116
202

287
272
242
178

SIGNIFICANCE: June's pick-up in sales assures the industry of
one of the best automotive years on records production for the
year will pass the 4 million mark and may reach 4.2 million

units. The first 9 months of the 1940 nodal year were the third
best in the history of the industry, surpassed only by the production and sales records of 1929 and 1937. The gain in domestic
sales this year over 1939 is close to 30 percent. Both production
and sales are over 90 percent of the comparable 1937 figures, with
a sisable portion of the difference between the 2 years accounted
for by the low level of exports.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE FACTORS THAT STIMULATED last fall's rise in

industrial production and that currently under way is brought out
by the following figures. All the estimates for June are preliminary. They are, however, essentially correct in the picture
they give of the underlying situation.
Income Producing Expenditures That Offset Saving

(Seasonally Adjusted - Million of Dollars)
Average

Sept.-Oct. 1939

June 1940

Industrial Plant

Industrial Equipment & Machinery

380
160

460

200

Housing

190

200

70

90

TO

Consumer's Credit
Foreign Balance
Government Net Contribution

260

120
260

Inventory Increase

280

50

1,410

1,380

116

115

Total

Index of Industrial Production

68

-4- -

SIGNIFICANCE: With the production index 115 in June as against
116 average last September-October, almost all the basic factors

which determine the level of activity are now higher. The inportant exception is net investment in inventories. It is the
lessened influence of the volatile inventory factor which gives

us more confidence in the soundness of the present recovery movement. We do not believe inventory accumulation is an important
item in any major area other than steel consuming industries.

Horeover, three of the most significant factors, equipment,
plant, and government contribution, will undoubtedly move upsard during the months ahead. Note that the government contribution in June was no higher than the September-October average.

This item had risen to 350 in January but fell off toward the and
of the fiscal year; it is expected to exceed the January level
before the end of the year.

69
FOREIGN TRADE NOTES

Fialands A trade and payment agreement with the Seviet Union has been
announced, which provides for a trade turnover of $15,000,000 for

the first year on a barter basis, Finland to supply chiefly tug
boats, lighters, electrical equipment, copper wire, leather, butter,
and meat, and the Seviet Union to supply chiefly wheat, rye, petreI products, manganese are, setter, and tobacco.

The announced trade agreement with Germany provides for an increase
of 75 percent in the trade between the two countries on a componen-

tion basis. Finnish exports will consist chiefly of wood products,

paper, orea and other minerals, and some agricultural preducts,

against coal, aske, and various manufactured products from Germany.

Swedens According to confidential information, the recently concluded
agreement with Germany provides for the expert of prescribed quanti-

ties of chargcal, pig iron, steel bars, forre-silicate, timber, wood

paly, and iron are. Germany paying about 15 parent below the current
market price for Swedish paper. Sweden has been guaranteed 5,700,000

tens of German coal and soke and increased amounts of chemicals, ufactured goods, and special mehinery. Sweden has practically abelished the restrictions on importations of non-essential goods from
Germany. An interesting part of the agreement is permission granted
presumably by Germany to Demark to sell sugar and butter to Sweden.

There is a heavy credit balance in favor of Sweden in its trade with
Demark, including considerable amounts representing interest on loans.

Both Demark and Sweden desire release in England and in the United
States of blocked Danish funds in amounts adequate to meet the interest
payments, Sweden to guarantee that such exchange would not leave the
country. Since in terms of marks Demark is a heavy creditor of Germany,
and in terms of crowne a heavy debtor to Sweden, Schaeht favors a triangular arrangement which, however, is not favorably considered in
Sweden because of the political implications of such an arrangement.

Germany: It appears that Germany preper will have adequate supplies of

food throughout the easing year and that it is in a better position
to nobilise for its OUR disposition the surplus supplies of centinental countries.

The food policy of Germany is described as follows (a) the German

population shall exist - standard rations, (b) alien and prisemer
labor in Germany to receive smaller rations of essential foodstuffs
which, however, are considered as sufficients (e) the occupied territories to provide as far as possible their own food supply: and (d)
occupied territories to feed the occupying forces of Germany.

70

Japans Plane for infestrial expension will be delayed w the - -

patien of the Netherissic. It appears that industrial equipment entered
from German fisms was hold at Dates parts posting negotiations with the

British for the transfer of the earge to Signature veneols. there is
also the prograt that bolligerent countries will tighten the restrice

time - the vital - materials which are required in Japan for is

destrial expension as well as military emplies.

The Government has recently ordered the discolation of a - labor
party which was about to be forest. It is apparently the Government's
plan to interporate the Japan Labor Union and the All Japan Industrial

Delice Federation into - of the - spiritual many the

"serving to the Nation through Industry Association." Although spiritual mobilisation movement is regarded as a failure from the stamp
point of impressing the general public with the gravity of the situation,
the Government evidently feels that is is - important work and three
Maistrice have appropriations in the current buiget to subsidise and
support the spiritual leaders.

Sureas of Foreign and Denoetie Commerce
July 10, 1940.

71

WEEKLY WHOLESALE PRICE INDEXES

(1926 = 100)

1939

64.1
68.1

74.8
61.1
66.7

79.3
69.7
75.5

77.1
65.7
69.7

77.5
66.7
70.4

2.5
4.1
3.4

3.6
9.2

80.3
92.8
67.0
73.2
93.3

80.4
92.6
67.4
73.2
93.5

82.4
96.3
71.4
74.1
96.9

82.3
99.9
72.0
71.9
94.8

82.4
100.3
71.9
72.0
94.9

2.6
8.1
7.3
1.6
1.7
3.5

2.5
8.3
6.7

,

6

,

,

,

,

89.5 , 89.7 90.7 92.4 , 92.6
(1)

(1)

.

,

(1)

76.0

.

Metals and netal products
Building materials.
Chemicals & allied products'
House-furnishing goods.

.

Fuel and lighting saterials'

1939

77.1

87.0 87.0 87.1 89.9 90.0

3.4

73.3

73.1

76.1

76.9

77.0

5.0

materials
Benimanufactured articles

68.4
74.2

79.6

73.0
82.0
82.3

70.2
77.8
80.6

70.7
78.0
80.9

3.4

Finished products

66.2
74.4
79.3

,

.
.

,

,

Miscellaneous

Aug.26,

29

.

1

All commodities other than
farm products and foods
Hides and leather products
Textile products.

July 8,

June

16

75.6

Foods

July

Sept.

8

a commodities
Farm products

July 6. 1910 from

Aug.
25

July

.

Group

Persentage increase,

1940

,

Comparable data not available.

area: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U. 8. Department of Labor.

5.1

1.6

1939

5.5

-1.6

1.5
3.2

3.4
5.3
6.8
4.8
2.0

72

SELECTED COMMODITY PRICE SERIES

1940

1939
Cusmodity

electrolytic,
York

d, prompt shipment,
ev York
New York

straits, New York
ber, plantation,
les York

les, light native
ows, Chicago.

Unit

August 30

10 1/4

10 1/2

do

4.85
4.84

5.05
5.14

48 1/2

49 3/4

75

52

51 1/2

do

16 9/16

16 13/26

22 1/2

21

21

do

11

11

15

12 1/2

12 1/2

do

per 1b.
do

1k, 13-15 denier,

8% seriplane, N.Y. is per 1b.
ton, middling, ever-

age, 10 markets.

futures, New York.

2.66

2.72

3.21

2.57

2.56

10.43

10.25

9.51

8.53

9.01

per

yd.

4 5/8

4 5/8

5 3/8

per 1b. 12/82.2

free, New York.

de

coa, Accra, New York

do

fee, Santos, No. 4,

5.00
6.66

5.00
6.64

5.50
6.66

1b.

gar, raw, 960, duty

11 1/2

11

12

per

Int cloth, 60 x 64,
1/2 inches, N.Y.
tops, Oct. 1940

July 10

July 3

Sept. 13

July 12

13/81.5

4 3/4

4 3/4

89.0

91.0

3/111.9

2.85
4.30

2.92
4.38

3.70
6.45

2.73
4.90

2.68
4.85

7 3/4

7 1/8

7 1/8

New York

do

7 1/4

75/8
5.65

7.75

5.87

rd, cash, Shicago.
Stonaced all, Sept.

5.50

6.02

do

do

5.99

y

5.61

7.30

6.27

6.15

1940 futures, N.P.
eat, Sept. 1940
futures, Chicago
go, good and choice,

per

.00 was

.67

220-240 lbs.
teers, beef, medium,
750-1,100 1bc

in.

percest.
do

2/4'1

.85

3/8

.78

3/4

.75

7.00

6.88

6.13

6.23

6.53

8.63

8.38

8.88

9.38

9.13

3/8

Nominal. 2/ October 1939 futures. y December 1939 futures. September 1939 futures.
curcess All cormodities, with the exception of wool tops, cottonsood cil, hoge, and
tears, are taken from the Journal of Commerce) wool tops and cottonsoed oil are taken
from the Fall Street Journal, and hogs and steers are from the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Bureen of Agricultural Economics.

73

RE DEPARTURE PERMITS

July 11, 1940

4:45 p.m.

Present:

Mr. Purvis

H.M.Jr:

This is going to put you on your mettle the
way you have never been put before. All
the cards are on the table.

Purvis:

Fine.

H.M.Jr:

Here is the situation. I have in my office

Purvis:

Quite.

H.M.Jr:

And I am holding now - let me say first,
there is this tremendous flow of American
oil to Spain and the Canary Islands where
they have a small refinery. We don't know
how big it is. Now, we are, and have for
the last couple of days, stopping all American flagships, which means two at the moment,
loaded with oil for Spain. We haven't given
them permits. We have also held up a Swedish
tanker with oil for Spain. She is not going
to sail. The President has asked that the

Mr. Young

what they call administration of ship movements. No ship can sail from the United
States unless they get a permit from me.

five American companies doing business - he

is going to have Mr. Hull ask the American
companies in Venezuela and Colombia who

have largely English ships, English flagships, but they are American owned subsidiaries,
not to send any oil to Spain or to the Canary
Islands until we can sort this thing out and because this flow of oil is just unbelievable,
which makes us believe that this is their
only source of supply.
Purvis:

Quite.

H.M.Jr:

Now, in doing this thing, we want a hundred

Purvis:

Correct.

H.M.Jr:

And we don't want to find out that we stopped
this thing and the good old English business

percent cooperation.

74

-2men continue to do the same thing.
Purvis:

Excuse my snickers.

H.M.Jr:

I think that day is past.
I think so.
This is tremendously important. And further-

Purvis:
H.M.Jr:

more, through your own connections, Embassy

connections and diplomatic connections, see

what you can find out, what is happening to
that oil picture in Spain. Now, we are doing
it. Also see what you can find out about what
is going on in the Canary Islands. We are
also doing that. As of tonight, no American
flagship is going to sail for Spain or the
Canary Islands. We are going to ask the
American companies to stop shipping oil out
of Central and South America to Spain and
we are even holding a Swedish ship. We have

gone that far. This is as good a chance as
I know - the English ought to jump at it
and kiss us on both cheeks.

Purvis:

Yes, and what you want is really a specific
assurance that no British ship is going to

carry oil --

H.M.Jr:

In substance --

Purvis:

....to Spain or the Canary Islands until we
have had plenty of time to sort out between
us what is the proper course to take.
And I don't know whether you issue navicerts
for Colombia or whether that is done from

H.M.Jr:

here.

Purvis:

The navicerts come from the Embassy, that

is right, but the navicert applications are

sorted out by the Consul General in New York
where the real work is done.

H.M.Jr:

But is it done for this Continent, North
and South America?

75

-3Purvis:

No, I would think not. I think that is

confined here. But that is something we
can control.

H.M.Jr:

Well, let's see --

Purvis:

I get you.

H.M.Jr:

Well, I mean, if they don't do it, it is
just the height of stupidity.

Purvis:

Let me really do a job of work. You see,
this is where the advantage of having a
policy center to go to, as distinguished
from just cabling into the air to the
Ministry of Supplies. This is our business,
to knock that right out like that, with such
help as I need from the Ambassador, which

H.M.Jr:

Purvis:

I will get I am sure.
Frankly, I don't think you and I have ever
discussed anything any more important than
this, because this may be their life blood

for the next two or three months and when
you cable, get them - where else can they
get the oil from, other than Rumania?
That seems to be the only other place. You
would like any information or surmise on
that?

H.M.Jr:

I want --

Purvis:

Any picture they can give you that is intelligent and accurate.
Yes. And then what will happen most likely,
it is getting down to rationing Spain as to
what they would call their normal needs.
Is that aviation gasoline or gasoline?

H.M.Jr:

Purvis:
H.M.Jr:

I haven't been able to find out. It is
just oil. Don't let's do what Mr. Anthony

Eden did. He was chairman of the committee

on oil for the League of Nations when Italy

76

-4went to war with Ethiopia. Twice that

committee was called and they never met.
They never put sanctions on oil when she

Purvis:

was fighting Ethiopia.
That was about the only thing.

H.M.Jr:

We made a study and the Government stopped

them just like that. If the League of Nations
committee on oil, of which Anthony Eden was

chairman, had put on oil sanctions against

Italy at that time, it would have just shut
the thing off.
Purvis:

This has an importance in the United States

H.M.Jr:

administration as a whole. It is a subject
of discussion for the administration, in
addition to your particular interest in it.
It is a major point.
Well, I cleared it at Cabinet.

Purvis:

Quite.

H.M.Jr:

I did it and then I got a clearance at Cabinet.

Purvis:

Yes.

H.M.Jr:

I am not exaggerating, am IT

Young:

No.

H.M.Jr:

All these ships are held.
It is very conservative.
We did it and then I got a clearance at Cabinet.
Now, the only thing that hasn't been done yet,
Mr. Hull was directed to send for the five

Young:

H.M.Jr:

oil companies in Central and South America,

by the President, and tell them to stop shipping. Now, he hasn't done that yet. I have
done my part. I want to make that plain.
Purvis:

Yes.

H.M.Jr:

But he was directed by the President to do
this.

77

-5Purvis:

I see. These being companies with headquarters in New York but with properties

in South and Central America?
H.M.Jr:

That is right. I think Shell is one of

them, and immediately the question came up,
"Well, all right, we would do it but would
England go ahead and grab the business?"
Purvis:
H.M.Jr:

Let me have that, will you? That is meat.
Well, I don't know anything more important.

Purvis:

I really don't.
I will do a job of work on that.

H.M.Jr:

Because this may be the jugular vein.

Purvis:

Yes. Well, by heavens, it is worth an effort,
even if we were wrong. Any chance is good
enough.

78
PLAIN
JT

STOCKHOLM

Dated July 11, 1940
Rec'd 10:20 p.m.

Secretary of State,
Washington.

720, eleventh.

In million crowns Rikebank July 6 metallic reserve
719 point 4, foreign exchange 547 point 9, note cover 2115

point 8, note circulation 1402 point 3, noninterest bearing
deposit ts compared to January 1940 Government 94 point 2

compared 266 point 9. commercial banks 75 point 9 compared

152 point 9. others 6 point 6 compared 4 point 6. Increasing foreign exchange due principally gold sales. Cost
of living index second quarter up five points to 124
involves laborwage agreement increases 3 million crowns
monthly. Private telephone communication between Sweden

and Norway via Oslo resumed restricted to business calls
in German, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish. Foreign office
announces conclusion Swedish-German negotiation resulting

in prospects substantial extension mutual trade. Swedish
owned shale refineries at Tallinn expropriated by
Estonian Government and protests being lodgedbut apparent-

ly little hope Sweden procuring supplies that source.
INFORM COMMERCE.

STERLING
NPL

79

July 11, 1940

the Preudentlines
apprord of the Veli- the Ragnar word holding

according to received

by Mr young from Maj Smith
DEM

80

TREASURY DEPARTMENT
INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION

DATE July 11, 1940
Secretary Morgenthau

TO

Mr. Cochran

FROM

STRICTLY

CONFIDENTIAL

At 2:20 p.m. on July 9 the Secretary referred to me a telephone call from
Mr. Robert Loree of the Guaranty Trust in New York. I reported back to the
Secretary Mr. Loree's inquiry. Mr. Loree had noted that the American Export
Line S.S. Exochordia was, according to the Press, scheduled to sail from New
York on July 11 and would take mail, via Portugal, for European countries, including those occupied by Germany. Mr. Loree stated that his bank was worried
over sending out debit and credit statements to their clients in such cities
as Amsterdam, for example, lest the authorities ascertain therefrom information
which might be used to the prejudice of such clients. Mr. Loree mentioned that
the account of Mees and Sohne of Rotterdam showed, for an example, a debit entry
involved by a payment of $50,000 to two Dutch citizens, a man and wife, who

have opened a personal account.

Mr. Loree stated that the Post Office officials had to send their mail
when facilities were available, and thought that the banks were likewise legally
bound. The bank's lawyers likewise advised that the bank must send out its
statements.

Mr. Loree inquired, therefore, whether, with the view to protecting the
interests of the bank's clients residing in occupied territory, the Secretary of
the Treasury might ask the postal officials of the United States to refuse to
accept mail for the occupied countries, returning it to the senders.
The Secretary of the Treasury had me repeat the above conversation in the
presence of Governor Harrison of the Federal Reserve Bank later in the afternoon.
The Secretary discussed the matter with a group consisting of Messrs. Harrison,
Bell, Chamberlain, Foley, Bernstein and myself, and thereafter asked Governor
Harrison to telephone Mr. Loree on the subject. Mr. Harrison then went into Mr.

Bell's office and spoke by telephone with Mr. Loree. He told him that the

Secretary, as one human being to another, could say to Mr. Loree that he hoped
the banks might find some way to delay transmitting statements to clients in

occupied areas. He could not, however, ask this officially. Nor could he request the Post Office Department to change its customary procedure.

Mr. Loree asked whether the desired end could be reached through some appli-

cation of our freezing control. Mr. Harrison told him this had been discussed,
had I, but that we had not found any way to make the control applicable to
ank statements. It was arranged that Governor Harrison and Mr. Loree would disJuss this matter further upon Mr. Harrison's return to New York the following
orning.

81

-2Yesterday afternoon Governor Harrison told me by telephone that he had talked

with Loree that morning, but that the bank's lawyers insisted that the bank is
responsible for sending out statements to their correspondents, and that the
holding up of these statements would involve a risk to the bank. Furthermore,
sending these statements to the Legations in the United States of the countries
involved instead of to the clients of the bank, would not release the latter
from their responsibility. The statements will, therefore, be mailed, but to correspondent banks rather than individual private customers. Mr. Loree thought that
the Post Office people were a little foolish in accepting mail which they were not
certain they could deliver. But if the Post Office continues to accept mail, and
if the Secretary of the Treasury does not feel that he can seek a change in this
policy, the Guaranty will follow the lawyers' advice and mail their usual statements. I told Governor Harrison that I would let him know if we had any further
observations to make, but that I thought the matter was closed as far as the
Treasury is concerned. I reported this conversation to the Secretary shortly after
it took place.

TMR

82

JUL 11 1940
My dear Mr. MoReynolds:

I have your letter of July 10, 1940 stating that the Advisory

Commission desires to have postponed the presulgation of regulations
relating to costs in connection with recent changes in the Tobay
amendment to the Vinson-Trassell Act [48 Stat. 505, $3 as amended by
49 Stat. 1926 and 53 stat. 560].

Pursuant to 14 of the Act of June 28, 1940 (Public 672, 76th
Cong., 3d a Executive Order No. 8465 dated June 29, 1940 is F.R.
2453 (No. 129 of July 3, 1940)] was drafted by the Treasury Department
for the purpose of prescribing a procedure to govern certifications
by the Secretary of War and the Secretary of the Navy in respect of
special additional equipment and facilities to be charged against contracts for naval vessels and aray and navy aircraft.
It is now contexplated that the Secretary of War and the Secretary
of the Navy and the Commissioner of Internal Revenue will issue joint
rules for the administration or this Executive Order. These rules set
forth the details of the procedure outlined in the Executive Order and
have been drafted in cooperation with officials of the Ear and Havy
Departments. Since they de not contain any substantive provisions -

lating to the determination of easte, I de not believe that they are
of the character which would come within the scope of your letter.

Other than the Executive Order and the rules mentioned above,
the Treasury Department has no further regulations in mind except the

purely formal changes which will be required by the reduction in allow
able profit by 52(b) of the Act of June 28, 1940 referred to above and

which may become necessary if Senate 2464 is enacted into law. These
regulations would not change the present method of determining costs

or the elements which go into cost as fixed by existing regulations
(T.D. 4906, 4 F.R. 2492, T.D. 4909, 4 F.R. 2733). These regulations

have been considered by congressional committees and embody an admin-

istrative practice which has been in effect since the enactment of the

profit limitation law. The regulations relative to excess profits on
Navy contracts were issued by the Commissioner of Internal Revenue

with the joint approval of the Secretary of the Treasury and the
Secretary of the Nevy, and the regulations relative to excess profits
on Army contracts for aircraft were issued by the Commissioner of
Internal Revenue with the joint approval of the Secretary of the
Treasury and the Secretary of Wars

83

In view of the fact - the elements included is the - of -

. contract centers to standard care accounting - and that

the suring Gongress has not I as after subure consideration to alter the

emissing anthod of determining - wellte - to the extens - with compressional Satura to - - Segariant adifitations. -

video w u of the in of Jame 22, 1000, I deside as so would be ometes

over,
as the Character
- hasmspecific
- I suggest
that its - of
- with
Timothy

to a - Been 1002 I of Internal - who has been designated
as of a mitter - the administration of the writte limitation

providing. IS is hardly - to add that if the Advisory Commission
desires to discuss - paint with - I shall be glad to assenge a Surease for this

Sincerely years,
(Signed) 11. Morgenthau, Jr.

Secretary of the Treasury.

Name William N.

Secretary, Minisury Commission to the
Council of Instional Defense
Federal Reserve Building
Weekington, a C.

CLKIS

7-23-40

84

THE ADVISORY COMMISSION TO THE COUNCIL OF NATIONAL DEFENSE
FEDERAL RESERVE BUILDING
WASHINGTON, D.C.

NO.

PPEAR

July 10, 1940.

INK

ON

SLIP

13261
GENERAL
SHOWING

My dear Mr. Secretary:

The Advisory Commission understands that the Treasury

intends to promulgate today regulations relating to costs

in connection with the recent Vinson-Trammell Act changes.

On the assumption that the Treasury is interested in
the views of this Commission concerning a matter of this
kind, I am directed by the Commission to suggest the
desirability of postponing the promulgation of such
regulations until a committee of Commission members can
consult with representatives from your Department.
The Aeronautical Chamber of Commerce has presented

its views to one of the members of our Commission on the
question of what items and elements of cost should be
considered in prospective contracts for aircraft manufacture. and the Commission will presently be prepared, if
you desire. to discuss these proposals.
Sincerely,

Wm. H. McReynolds

Secretary

The Honorable,

The Secretary of the Treasury

NO.

COUNS

"ACTION

85
BRITISH EMBASSY,
WASHINGTON, D.C.

July 11th, 1940
Personal and Secret.

Dear Mr. Secretary,

I enclose herein for your
personal and secret information a copy
of the latest report received from London
on the military situation.
Believe me,

Dear Mr. Secretary,

Very sincerely yours,

L thin

The Honourable

Henry Morgenthau, Jr.,

United States Treasury,
Washington, D. c.

86
Telegram despatched from London

late in the evening of July 10th

on July 9th one of our aircraft
attacked U-boat east of Cape Spartivento and

claims to have sunk it.
It is reported that the French
have now agreed to reduce crows of warships at

Alexendria to a quarter in respect of combatant

ratings and to an overall reduction to one third
of the full complement. Seven French submarines

reported to have left Casablanca during the

night of July 5th to 6th.
During the night of July 8th to 9th
hostile aircraft activity increased. Attacks
directed chiefly against East and South coasts
where small number of bombs were dropped at

various places widely dispersed. Very little
damage was done. At Llanelly bombs dropped on

steel works but production not affected.

Mine-laying activities proceeded. Early on
July 9th abnormal activity noted off Dutch coast
which developed into attacks on shipping in the
Themes Estuary and English Channel. At Cardiff
docks damage estimated repairable in 48 to 60

hours, is reported. At Norwich two factories
were hit, at one of which production will be
affected/

87

affected to some extent. Reconnaisences of

aerodromes carried out in area of Portland, Bristol,
Oxford and Shorehem. During the night of July
9th to 10th enemy air activity less than usual.
Some bombs dropped in Yorkshire, East Kent and

at Bournemouth and Edinburgh: damage slight and

casualties few. This morning some casualties
caused and mains damaged at Plymouth and three

aerodromes in East Anglis were bombed. Further

details not at present available. Total oasualties
of all above operations reported as seventeen
killed and sixty-one wounded.

Results of R.A.F. night raids
mentioned in paragraph four of yesterday's
telegram indicate that bombs burst in dockyards
at Kiel and Wilhelmshaven, and very large explosions

followed the attack on synthetic oil plant at
Homburg. Hite observed on marshalling yards at
Hemm and on six aerodromes and 30 bases in north-

west Germany and Holland. successful mine-laying

also carried out. Yesterday, Blenheime attacked
Sola aerodrome near Starangeo. Large numbers of

enemy aircraft in the aerodrome and more than

20 fighters encountered. We lost 7. As result
of enemy attacks, 9 enemy aircraft destroyed and

further probable casualties; in addition, an
enemy bomber was shot down off east coast of

Scotland and another off Yarmouth. Six fighter

aircraft lost. Last night, heavy bombers
attacked oil refineries at Monheim, railway targets
at/

88

at Hema and Soest, dookyard at Wilhelmshavn

and canels in northwest Germany; all aircraft

returned, reports not yet available. Successful
mine laying operations also carried out; all our
aircraft returned.
Mercantile shipping casualties
reported yesterday amount to three British shipe
sunk in home waters by U-boats or M.T.B.B and

two others attacked; one other ship hit by bomb had
to be beached. A French sloop in our hands

and also a British anti-submarine vessel were
damaged by bombs but can be salvaged.

Mediterranean, At Malta yesterday,
an many bomber escorted by seven fighters
was attacked and shot down by Hurricanes after
which the enemy fighters were engaged without

conclusive result. One of our aircraft slightly
damaged.

In the Sudan, enemy has been dropping

leaflets printed in Arabic, proclaiming Italy's
love for Mohammedane and Mussolini as "The

Protector of Islam" also that their attacks are
directed against Englishmen and not Sudenese.
At six hours on July 9th Commander-

in-Chief Mediterrenean was about 150 miles west

of Orate - heading northwest, At ten fifteen
hours/

hours flying boat reported two Italian battleships
and five destroyers about 130 miles to the northnorthwest. Further air reports received later
were very mixed but it appears that Italian force,
which had two battleships, six cruisers and
eleven destroyers, had by July 9th been joined
by several more cruisers and destroyers from

Augusta. As a result Italian naval force heavily
outnumbered the British force in cruisers. At
fifteen forty-two hours Commander in Chief
reported that he was engaging enemy and wireless

silence then came into force. It appears that a
short and confused action followed during which

the British battleship obtained one hit on the
enemy battleship at very long range. Enemy soon
turned away under cover of smoke and made for
Messina pursued by Commander in Chief of Mediterra-

nean, at utmost speed. At sixteen thirty-one
hours all available British torpedo-carrying

aircraft flew off to attack enemy. Result of this
attack not yet known but damaged enemy cruiser

reported in tow about 70 miles from Messina at

nineteen hours. Report also received of bombing
attack by aircraft on our Naval forces in Western
Mediterraneen yesterday. Two of these aircraft
shot down by gun fire, two by fighters and seven
others damaged, three seriously.

90

JUL 11 1940

my dear Deagreements Schefers

I have year letter of July 9, 1940 asking - "under
what provision of law the Treasury Department is placing

orders for the joint purchase of Belle-Hayee airplane

more by the United States and Great Britain."
I do not know of any provision of law authorising
the Treasury Department to place orders for airplane moters

either - behalf of the United States or - behalf of Great
Britain, or bothy and the Treasury Department has not
placed any ordere of any character for the purchase of
Balle-Hayee return.

Apparently yes have been stated.

Sincerely years,
'Signed) H. Morgenthan, Jr.

Secretary of the Treasury.
Benerable John c. Schafer

Resea of Ingresentatives.

cc to Mr. Thompson

K
10

CIKst
7-10-40

11th

By Messenger 1110

91

JUL 11 1940

n - - Selections
I - your letter of July 9, 1960 adding - -

- provide of 1 the Reportment to placing

- - the Joint of

where w the United states and and Britain"

I w not - of - provision of - authorising
the treasury Department to place orders - more

-

either - while of the lighted States w - behalf of Great

- both - the - Separtment - planed - onders of - demeter for the / of
Apparently you have been

sincerely yours,
Signed) H. Morgenthau, Jr.

I of -

Secretary of the -

I Jales a. Selector

GLKst

7-20-00
By Messenger

92
HH c. SCHAFER
DIST. WISCONSIN

IRAN NO.

13259
MUST

Congress of the United Statesicar ON GENERAL COUNSE!
PINK SLIP SHOWING "ACTIC
House of Representatives
Washington, D.C.

July 9, 1940
The Honorable

The Secretary of the Treasury
Washington, D. C.

My dear Mr. Secretary:

Will you please let me know under what pro-

vision of law the Treasury Department is placing
orders for the joint purchase of Rolls-Royce airplane motors by the United States and Great Britain.
Sincerely yours,

Jolan

ann 10 by M vs

93

July 11, 1940

General Watson telephoned me at 10 o'clock -

he evidently had Colonel Maxwell at his side - to say
that the President approved of the policy of not
letting ammunition go to Sweden. I gathered from
the conversation that he approved not letting the
ammunition go on the Veli-Ragnar, but Watson said

that Colonel Maxwell would go over to see Mr. Hull,
and unless Mr. Hull approved we should let the
steamer sail. General Watson said that I would
hear from him later in the day.
This does not check with the memorandum that
McKay gave me from Philip Young.

94

July 12, 1940
9:55 a.m.

H.M.Jr:

Secretary

Hello.

Stimson:

Yes.

H.M.Jr:

Morgenthau speaking.

S:

Yes, this is Stimson.

H.M.Jr:

Good morning.

S:

Good morning.

H.M.Jr:

Mr. Stimson, I wondered if sometime this
morning you could see Philip Young on these
requests that we have now for Canada.

S:

To do what?

H.M.Jr:

See Philip Young? Could you see him any
time this morning?

S:

Yes.

H.M.Jr:

What time would be good for you?

S:

Well, I have only -- I have a White House
appointment hanging over my head -- I can't

tell just when it's going to ripen, but he

can come over right off and say get him here

H.M.Jr:
S:

H.M.Jr:
S:

in about fifteen minutes.
In fifteen minutes.

Fifteen or twenty minutes.
Have him there at quarter past ten?
Well, make it twenty minutes past ten.

H.M.Jr:

Twenty past ten.

S:

Now what's the subject? Hello.

95

2-

H.M.Jr:
S:

H.M.Jr:

It this request for these surplus munitions

for Canada. Hello?
Yes, I'm on.

And on this Committee which the President
set up is Colonel Burns, 80 could he be

there at that time, too?

S:

H.M.Jr:
S:

I'11 see whether he's here. I think so,

but I'm not sure.

Well, he'e familiar with the subject and
there's a Committee of

Well, I'11 -- (talks aside -- is Colonel Burns
available? Find out -- just open that door)

You just want the conference to be personal
to me and Young and Burns.

H.M.Jr:
S:

H.M.Jr:

If it could be.
Yes. (Aside -- try and get -- no, I want him
in twenty minutes) I think it'11 be all right.
If I find that I can't get him for any reason,
I'll have word sent to you.
Well, you needn't bother. I'll have Philip
Young there and I just want to, well, frankly,
put it in your lap, if I may because I think
if we could do something for Canada now it

would
S;

H.M.Jr:

Well, what is he asking for?
He's asking for those 80,000 Enfields and

General Marshall told us that, I think
48,000 were available. Well, if there'
48,000 and they say they desperately need
80,000, they should have at least a quarter
of a million of them.

S:

Yeah. Well, Marshall himself is up at the
Hill just at present. I shall want to talk to
him about it and I'll see Burns too.

96

-3H.M.Jr:

But if as I say, I can frankly lay it in your
lap and then maybe Monday you could give me

an answer why I'd appreciate it.
S:

Hull -- this gentleman's name is Hull -- the
one I saw yesterday.

H.M.Jr:

Yes. C. D. Hull.

S:

C. D. Hull.

H.M.Jr:

Minister -- I guess, well he's Minister of
National Defense for Canada.

S:

H.M.Jr:
S:

H.M.Jr:

Yes. All right.
I'11 have Phil over there -- Philip Young
over there at quarter past.

Yes. All right.
Thank you so much.

Copy for Mr. Cochran

97

CO P Y OF
INCOMING CABLEGRAM

Batavia, July 11, 1940
Federal Reserve Bank of New York
New York

No. 30
ONE

New exchange regulations for Dutch East Indies will come in
force next week. Unless special exemption granted all Dutch

East Indies residents are to sell their dollars U.S. Currency
balances (deposits cash balance at cetera) to local Dutch East
Indies banks who in their turn transfer their excess funds to
Exchange Control Fund which will concentrate its dollars U.S.
Currency balance with you. The Exchange Control Fund is a
Government fund under management of Javasche Bank.
TWO

Stocks and bonds in United States of America of Dutch East

Indies residents are to be brought under custody of the American banking correspondents of the Javasche Bank, Nederlandsche
Handel Maatschappij, Nederlandsche Indische Handelsbank, Neder-

landsche Indische Escompte Maatschappij and the securities are

to be hold* in the name of last mentioned Dutch East Indies
bank who in this respect acting as agent for Exchange Control.

There is no intention to liquidate these securities which are
kept as a centralized exchange reserve.
THREE

In view of license system for transfers from Netherlands and
Dutch East Indies accounts now in force in United States of

98

COPY OF
INCOMING CABLEGRAM

-2-

America we request your help to have the transfers referred

to above be effected with as little delay as possible. Dutch
East Indies Government will cable to this same effect to the
Netherlands Minister Washington, D.C.

De Javasche Bank

probably means held

040

Jul

8

33

Treasury Department
TELEGRAPH OFFICE

28w

1940 JUL 11 PM 3 55

WY152 FO TWS PAID 3 MINS

BOSTON MASS JUDY 11 327p 1940
HENRY MORGENTHAU JR

SECY OF THE TREASURY WASHNDC

GLAD TO COOPERATE IN MATTER YOU SPOKE OF OUR OFFHAND BELIEF
BEST METHOD THROUGH OUR PRESENT EMPLOYEES. SUGGEST HOOVER CALL

POLLAN BOSTON AND ARRANGE A MEETING TO DISCUSS MOST SATISFACTORY
PROCEDURE

JEFF COOLIDGE
354p

VV

100

July 11, 1940

10:14 a.m.
J. Edgar

Hoover:

Good morning.

H.M.Jr:

Good morning. Mr. Hoover, there's a concern

called the Credit Suisse, S-u-1-s-s-e, Zurich,

who in New York do business under the name

H:

of Swiss American Corporation, 24 Pine Street.
Yes. 24 Pine.

H.M.Jr:

Now, we have reason to believe the Germans

are going to use that as their principal
office to sell and liquidate seized securities.

H:

Yes.

H.M.Jr:

And I'd like you to sort of put your mind on it,
you see?

H:

Fine. Well, I think we of course can do that
and I think we ought to be checking into their
bank accounts up there.

H.M.Jr:
H:

H.M.Jr:

H:

H.M.Jr:
H:

H.M.Jr:
H:

Well, yes -- well, that I think we have.
You have them. All right, then.
I think we have that, but I was -- yes,
because -- yes, I think we have that. They
have to report to us.
I see.

But I was thinking more of their personnel
and who's in the place.
Right.

That we haven't done, but their bank accounts
I'm quite sure we cover.

Well, we'll skip that and then we'll concentrate
upon the personnel and it might be well to put
a technical check over their conversations for
awhile.

H.M.Jr:

I had that in mind.

101

-2H:

H.M.Jr:

To see what could be done along that line.
This information came to us from the British
Embassy.

H:

Yes.

H.M.Jr:

And we've been suspecting it ourselves.

H:

Yes.

H.M.Jr:
H:

H.M.Jr:
H:

So if you'd -I'11 get after that right away.
It may -- they've got to use somebody and

this is as likely a person as any one.
Right. They have to have some front for it.

H.M.Jr:

Right.

H:

And we'11 get after that right away and I'11
let you know what the developments are.

H.M.Jr:

Thank you.

H:

Fine. Good-bye.

H.M.Jr:

Good-bye.

102

July 11, 1940
10:25 a.m.

Senator
Townsend:

Henry?

H.M.Jr:

How are you?

H.M.Jr:

I'm pretty good. How are you?
Well, I had a bad strawberry season.

T:

Oh, pshaw. Well, I had a pretty good one.

H.M.Jr:

Did you?

T:

Yeah. I thought you had a good one up

H.M.Jr:

No. We had a small crop and the prices were

T:

there.

poor.
T:

Yeah. Well, can I sell you any silver this
morning?

H.M.Jr:
T:

In exchange for -- I've got some raspberries.
(Laughs). Can I trade you silver for raspberries?

H.M.Jr:

Sure.

T:

All right.

H.M.Jr:

What's worrying you?

T:

What I called you up for yesterday, Henry,
was to know what you' re going to do with

these bonds but since it's public now -so I have it.

H.M.Jr:

Oh.

T:

You're going to make them fourteen, seventeen
years, are you?

H.M.Jr:

Fourteen, sixteen.

T:

Two and a quarter.

103

-2H.M.Jr:

Yeah. Can I sell you a couple?

T:

Huh?

H.M.Jr:

Can I sell you a couple?

T:

Yeah, we'll buy some.

H.M.Jr:

What?

T:

Yeah, we'll buy some.

H.M.Jr:

I see. You want a little advance

T:

Trade this darn silver, can we, at 35 an

H.M.Jr:

What did you want?? Yes, you say you want

ounce for bonds.

a little advance information?

H.M.Jr:

No, I wasn't trying to get advance information,
I was just trying to ask you what's going to
be done so I can tell my bank.
(Laughs). Oh, you've got a bank.

T:

Yeah.

H.M.Jr:

Well, today is the day.

T:

Today is the day.

H.M.Jr:

You can get up to 5,000 if you keep them for

T:

ninety days.

T:

(Laughs). All right. All right, Henry, I'm

much obliged and much obliged for calling me.
Anything I can do for you?
H.M.Jr:

Sure.

T:

What is it?

H.M.Jr:

Keep your sense of humor the way you've got it.

T:

What?

H.M.Jr:

Just keep your sense of humor. Keep that good
sense of humor.

104

-3T:

Oh, well.

(Laughs).

much.

H.M.Jr:

Good-bye.

T:

Come up to see me.

H.M.Jr:
T:

I'll do that.
All right.

Thank you ever to

105

July 11, 1940
5:11 p.m.

H.M.Jr:

Hello.

Operator:

Mr. Foley. Go ahead.

Ed Foley:

Hello.

H.M.Jr:

Ed.

F:

H.M.Jr:

Yes, Mr. Secretary.
What I told Knudsen there about that contract

and what he told us about Johnson is terribly
important and I want you to write that down
for me.

F:

H.M.Jr:
F:

All right.
I haven't got time to dictate it, but that's
terribly important.

All right. O. K., I'll dictate a little
memorandum for the diary.

H.M.Jr:

Right.

F:

Right.

AIR MAIL
AMERICAN CONSULATE

106
Rangoon, Burma, July 11, 1940.
CONFIDENTIAL

Subject: Exports of Wood Oil from China to the
United States Shipped Through Burma.

The Honorable

The Secretary of State,
Washington.

Sir:

I have the honor to report that 436 tons of Chinese wood oil (tung Qil) were shipped from Burma to
the United States on the S.S. Exbrook on April 24,
1940 and that 568 tons were shipped on the M.V.
Excelsior on July 9, 1940.
These shipments were handled, as previous shipments have been, by the Foo Shing Trading Corporation
and consigned to the Universal Trading Corporation of
New York in accordance with an agreement with the
Export-Import Bank for commercial credits to China to

be repaid from the proceeds of sales of wood oil.

With the interruption of shipments to Haiphong,
the Burma route has increased its importance as an
outlet for China's shipments of wood oil. The Foo
Shing Trading Corporation has been trying to ship
500 to 600 tons a month through Rangoon in order to

reach a total of 5,000 tons by the end of the year.

There were no shipments in May and June, but if regular shipments are made from now on, the desired total
should be reached.

All the wood oil so far shipped from Rangoon has
been carried by the American Export Lines and it is
understood that this line has practically guaranteed

to take all the wood oil given them, in spite of a

general shortage of freight space now being felt in

Rangoon.

The amount that can be brought in over the BurmaYunnan road depends on the condition of the road and

the expense of hauling. It was originally thought

that trucks returning empty from Kunming could carry

wood oil to Burma at no extra cost. It was found,
however, that the amount of gasoline required to haul
a full load as compared to the amount required to haul
an empty truck was considerable. It was, in fact,
enough to add largely to freight costs. Later it was
found that if the trucks carried no more than three
drums (about 1,275 pounds) the amount of gasoline con-

sumed was very little more than for an empty truck.

Accordingly shipments have been coming into Burma

loaded

107

-2 loaded about two or three drums to a truck.
Since each drum averages about 425 pounds of wood

oil, it would take about 33 trucks arriving each day

carrying three drums apiece to make 600 tons a month.
The average number of trucks coming into Burma each day

appears to be above the 33 required to make this total.
There were 544 tons shipped in March, 436 in April,

and 568 in July. This gives a total of 1,548 tons shipped.
To make 5,000 tons by the end of the year it will be necessary to ship 3,450 tons in the next six months (counting
the present month of July as a whole month) or 575 tons

per month. It seems that this total might be reached
barring unforeseen contingencies.

Respectfully yours,
W. LEONARD PARKER

American Vice Consul

Distribution:
1. In quintuplicate to Department.
2. Copy to Embassy, London.
3. Copy to Embassy, Chungking.

4. Copy to Consulate, Yunnanfu.

800

108
CONFIDENTIAL

OFFICE OF FOREIGN AGRICULTURAL RELATIONS

July 11, 1940
FOR CABINET MEETING
SUMMARY OF CABLES ON FOREIGN DEVELOPMENTS

(Received from July 5 to 10, 1940)

BRAZIL: German firms are soliciting orders in Sao Paulo for
delivery of German products in September and October. Contracts provide

for penalties of 10 to 40 percent for failure in the fulfillment of

contracts.

FINLAND: The Prime Minister announced the conclusion of 8 trade
agreement with Germany signed in Berlin on June 29. The details have
not been announced but the press states that Finnish exports to Germany

will be increased possibly by seventy-five percent above the 1936 to
1939 level. Trade will be conducted strictly on a compensation basis and
not in free exchange. Exports will comprise chiefly wood products,
paper, minerals, and a substantial quota of agricultural products against
imports of coking coal and undescribed manufacturies.

FRANCE: According to a DNB report from Paris dated July 6 the

German military authorities in French occupied territory have set up
distribution bureaus which have ordered the sequestration of all agricultural produce, food supplies and semi-manufactured materials. It
is stated that these supplies are not being exported but are being

requisitioned with a view to providing for orderly distribution, and
that individual shops are free to sell to their customers for their
daily needs without any extraordinary control on the part of the military
authorities. Shops, the owner of which are absent, are to be managed
by provisional administrators. The report continues that workers and

employees are forbidden to leave their jobs, or to strike, and that
unauthorized raising of prices will be punished.

NORWAY: New rationing measures have been placed in effect in

Norway. The maximum daily ration of butter is placed at 45 grams, or
margarine at 35 grams, against individual rationing cards. The consumption of fats and fatty acids by soap factories was reduced to 65 percent

of normal. Strict rationing of clothing, shoes, and leather is anticipated shortly.

Negotiations involving the sale of practically the entire

Norwegian surplus of canned fish to Germany were concluded. Dried fish
sales are now being discussed. Trade with Sweden and Denmark has in-

creased somewhat although it is still unimportant. Strenuous efforts

109
-

are being made to increase the sales of various German products to
replace 'simflar items formerly imported from other sources.
RUMANIA: The economic loss to Rumania involved in the cession
of Bessarabia and Northern Bukowina is indicated roughly by the follow-

ing percentage figures based on 1936 production statistics. In total
area the loss is about 5,000,000 hectares, or 17 percent, and in arable
land about 3,250,000 hectares, or 23 percent. In cereal production the
ceded area contributed 9,085,000 tons of wheat and 1,050,000 tons of
corn in 1938, 20 percent of the total crop in both cases. The proportionate loss in this year's crop is much greater since heavy rains have
damaged crops in the old Kingdom while benefiting those in usually arid
Bessarabia.

Based on normal crops, her serious production losses are:
potatoes 29 percent, sunflower seed 74 percent, sugar beet 32 percent,
soybeans 80 percent, vineyards 22 percent, cattle 17 percent, horses
28 percent, sheep and hogs 20 percent each. Important industrial losses
occurred only in the food processing industry which contributed 20 per-

cent of total production value, principally in sugar refineries and in
the lumber industry with 15 percent of total production.

The oil seed crops were produced almost entirely for export to

Germany and it is understood that German buyers had already contracted

for most of this year's crop and paid in advance for much of it. German
circles appear far from certain as to Russia's intention to complete

delivery.

of interest to the American import trade is the loss of almost
100 percent of caracul sheep. Exports of caracul skins to the United
States totalled $600,000 in 1939. Rumania's chronic difficulty in

effecting merchandise and payments to the United States will be greatly
increased by the disappearance of this export item.

As regards American investments the greatest potential loss is
that of the international telephone and telegraph subsidiary which as
previously reported has 7 percent of its equipment in the area valued
at 200,000,000 gold lei. Romania Americana has no direct investments

but through its interest in Distributia, a domestic retailing subsidiary,
may incur an indirect loss of $80,000 in stocks and installations.
Other American firms may incur moderate losses in uncollected accounts

in the area. Due to the comparative poverty of the area the loss in
future market potentialities for American goods will not be proportionate
to transfer of population involved.
STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL. Reliable information has been received

that fifteen hundred carloads of sugar had been bought by the Germans,
who were preparing them for shipment out of Bessarabia. The Russian

authorities attitude is indicated by their refusal up to now to allow to
the head of the economic section of the German Legation, Neubacher,
enter Bessarabia to look after the interests of the Germans.

110

SWEDEN: A Norwegian delegation is in Stockholm discussing a

clearing agreement. Sugar rations for the period July 1 to August 4
were increased to 40 kilos per person, including 1-1/2 kilo for canning.
The Swedish Government acting on powers recently granted by the
Riksdag has decreed a suspension until October 15th of provisions of
law on working hours in agriculture.
UNITED KINGDOM: The British Board of Trade advises that the

question of flax supplies for the United States is under active con-

sideration and promises a decision as soon as possible.

The British Food Minister announced on July 8 that the time had
come when he must ask the nation to go on to hard living, eliminate all
luxuries, use fresh foods now seasonally available, and conserve canned
goods. Effective July 15 hotels and restaurants may serve only one
course of meat, game, poultry or fish. Tea was rationed to two ounces per

capita weekly effective July 9. Margarine and cooking fats will be
rationed on July 22 but amounts are as yet unspecified. Other similar

measures seem likely in the near future. The foregoing measures are

largely precautionary in order to keep stocks on hand for the difficult
period ahead, though they imply a reduction in food supplies.
The following comments by the American Agricultural Attache in
London on developments in the Liverpool cotton market during the week

ending July 5 are of interest.

(1) Liverpool Futures Market: The market has been very narrow
due to the absence of outside speculative interest. July liquidation
and light hedging have about balanced moderate trade offtake. Greatly
restricted importing and heavy mill forward ings are causing a steady

tightening in the local supply situation. All indications point to a
very strong contract situation in the late summer. A scarcity of cotton
around 7/8 to 15/16 staple is already pronounced. Distant months are
lagging owing to the lack of speculative and straddle support. Buying
of those deliveries is restrained by the great uncertainty surrounding
the Control's future import policy and by the confused war situation.
It cannot be said that the market is functioning successfully at the
present time. The whole situation is dominated by the Government import

policy which is still indeterminate. Increasing importation difficulties

threaten to create an unworkable contract position in the autumn. The
establishment of a breader futures contract will soon become an imperative
necessity.

(2) Spot Market: Spinner demand during the past week has been

much quieter, sales totalling around 35,000 bales. A fair spinner

inquiry continues for desirable cotton on hand but forward business the is

greatly restricted by the uncertain future arrival of steamers and

difficulty in obtaining freight space and import licenses. Virtually
no forward business in American cotton has been done to freight date merchants quota

being unwilling to risk new crop sales ahead until the in South American

for onwards is announced. Forward business licenses.
cottons September is almost impossible owing to the severe cut in import

111

-

Merchants who have sold Brazilian and Peruvian cotton ahead are in the
invidious position of being unable to obtain more than 20 percent of
the quantities contracted for, and many contracts will have to be cancelled. A good business has been done in West African cottons, there

being no restrictions on the import of Empire growths. The basis is
still tending to harden despite easier prices in most producing countries.
Import buying of all growths has remained very slow. All indications
point to a steady reduction in local stocks over the coming three months.

Negotiations are reported to be proceeding with the Egyptian Government
for the purchase of the balance the 1939 crop and the whole of the 1940

crop. If an agreement is reached the cotton will be stored in the United

Kingdom as an emergency reserve.

URUGUAY: The Bank of the Republic on July 3 announced quotas

of $396,000 in controlled exchange and $704,000 in free exchange for
imports from the Uni ted States covering parmaceuticals, chemicals,
industrial and agricultural machinery, construction steel, galvanized
wire, yarns, white cement, lubricants, lumber, automobile and truck parts,
and tools, tobacco and other materials of prime necessity.
CONFIDENTIAL: LATEST REPORTS ON EUROPEAN CROP PROSPECTS

The following information received since July 5 supplement the
reports on European crop conditions presented in this report for June 28
and July 5.

SWEDEN: Exceptionally dry weather in many sections has seriously

retarded crop developments, especially hay crops. It is still too early
to make a reliable prediction as to final results.
UNITED KINGDOM: Reports indicate that the British crop of early
apples will be only 50 percent of normal, of Bramley's Seedling apples
one-third of normal, and of pears 60 percent of normal. On the other
hand, a plum crop of record proportions, apparently over 100,000 tons,
is expected. No estimates are available as to grain crops, potatoes and
sugar beets. However, good rains are needed generally.
ITALY: Non-Italian observers further consulted by the American
Embassy in Rome express the opinion that the wheat crop will be "mediocre."

The unofficial concensus of opinion at the International Institute of
Agriculture is that it will be below that of last year although no estmate can be obtained as to the probable extent of the shortage. Current
continued rains in the north constitute an unfavorable factor. Much still
depends on the weather for the next few weeks. The Legation of one
Balkan country, which exports wheat to Italy, thinks that production may
be 6 million quintals below that of last year when the crop was generally

understood to be about 80 million quintals although the latter figure

has been considered by some observers as exaggerated. Another Balkan

Legation thinks that the crop may be 10 million quintals below last year's
adding, however, that this is merely an impression.

112
5-

DANUBE BASIN; Weether throughout the Danube Basin was reported

as uncertain during the past week as 'far as crop developments are concarned. Rainy, overcast and cool periods were interupted by intervals
of sunshine and higher temperatures, such intervals lengthening towards

the weekend. In several districts, however, frequent local showers
with some hail contributed to the already unfavorable crop situation.
Cereals have completed the milky stage of development in sotheastern

districts of the Basin where harvesting will probably start by July 10.
The corn crop is growing vigorously. However, despite remarkably
improved appearance crop prospects are still uncertain.

HUNGARY: According to the International Institute of Agriculture

in Rome the 1940 small gra in acreage and production in Hungary (present
frontiers including Sub-Carpathian Russia) compared with 1939 are
estimated as follows:
:
:

Crop

1940

1939

Bushels

Acres

Bushels

Acres

:

4,312,000
1,624,000
1,300,000

:

793,000

:

:

:

:
:

:

636,000

:

Oats

:

Barley

112,767,000
35,310,000
35,847,000

:

Rye

4,669,000
1,728,000
1,344,000

24,576,000 :

:

Wheat

82,305,000
29,447,000
32,610,000
26,800,000

FRANCE: VERY CONFIDENTIAL - The American Embassy in Paris cables

that the food situation in that city is already difficult and that there
is every reason to believe that it will become acute shortly. An

organization is being developed to centralize for the Embassy staff the
discovery and purchase of certain essentials which have become almost

unobtainable in the ordinary way, notably, milk, butter, eggs, potatoes,

fresh vegetables and meats. The complete breakdown of normal transporta-

tion facilities is largely responsible for the existing situation.

Study is being given to means of procuring regular supplies of tinned
and other foods from the United States. Coal supplies are low, and

deliveries almost impossible. It seems certain that no fuel oil will
be available in Paris during the coming winter.

113

July 11, 1940
5:35 p.m.

H.M.Jr:

Hello.

Operator:

Congressman Doughton. Go ahead.

H.M.Jr:

Hello.

Cong. Bob
Doughton:

All right, Mr. Secretary, how are you?

H.M.Jr:

Fine. When did you get back?

D:

I came in here about 3:30.

H.M.Jr:

I see.

D:

I just thought I'd kind of check up. I

wasn't able to locate Jere and see if there's
been anything doing here this week that I'd
be interested in. I saw you'd had a meeting

at the White House.
H.M.Jr:

Yeah. Well, we tried to get hold of you
each day and

D:

H.M.Jr:

How's that?

I spoke to your office and told them to let

you know what we were doing.
D:

Well, I never got word. I got word day before
yesterday that I was wanted at nine o'clock,
I believe, the next morning and I got it
eight o'clock the night before. I was not
at home that day -- out on some official
matters -- and I couldn't make it then. I
don't know when you let my office know, but

I didn't get the word until the night before
the meeting was to be at nine o'clock.

H.M.Jr:

Yeah. Well

D:

She sent a wire sometime

114

-2H.M.Jr:

Well, we tried our best to get hold of you.

D:

Well, how much time did you give ahead,

H.M.Jr:

D:

H.M.Jr:

that's what I want to find out.
Well, the second time -- you're the first
man I called. I can't remember, Bob. I mean,
so much has happened since then, but I called
you first and
Well, it's all over and there's nothing we
can do now, 18 there?

No, just what you saw in the paper and I
tell you what I'd like to do. Couldn't
Sullivan drop up and call on you tomorrow?

D:

Yes.

H.M.Jr:

What time

D:

I just want to say -- I just want to get
my position very plain, because it's a little
embarrassing to me. I'm not criticising --

not a blaming you. When I came up here before
I called and we had the meeting down there and
I thought they were ready to do something and
I stayed here until Wednesday and tried to get
in touch with Sullivan and they said he was

gone for the entire week. I couldn't get in
touch with him and was no use to stay here,
SO I had some very pressing matters at home

so I went home. I'd have been here at his

disposal all last week. I saw in the paper
that you said you were ready to go on any

time the Ways and Means Committee was and I

tried to get in touch with him. He'd already
told us he'd need sixty days before that and
I tried to get in touch with him and they said

he was gone for the entire week on Tuesday
evening.

H.M.Jr:

Yeah.

D:

So I couldn't do anything without getting
in touch with him, you know. And then the
next thing I knew the other meeting was

115

-3called so short that I didn't get down to

that and the folks down home wonder whether

or not I'm neglecting my business or whether

H.M.Jr:

or not ignored up here. It's embarrassing.
Well, I can't do anything more than try to
get hold of you and of course the pressure
is on me to do something and I've just got
to go ahead and -- I don't know any other
way to get hold of you except through your
own office.

D:

Well, there's no other way, but I just was
wondering if usually these things are so
urgent that we couldn't get more than one
day's notice.

H.M.Jr:
D:

Well, I don't even get that.
(Laughs). Well, I'm not complaining, but I

know we wouldn't hold a meeting -- I wouldn't
hold one if you were away for a week, or
perhaps two or three days, without giving

H.M.Jr:
D:

you more of a notice -- a day's notice.
Well, I'm sorry, Bob. I had no notice
and I just had to go to town and
I don't know why Sullivan ran off. I was
here last week and if this thing was urgent
why we couldn't have had this conference last
week. I came here a purpose.

H.M.Jr:

Well, he didn't know. We thought there
wasn't going to be any hurry and then they
wanted to clean this thing up before the
Convention next week. Now that's what the

hurry was.
D:

Well, if he wants to see me, of course, I'll
always be glad to see him or you either one.
But there's some matters that I want to talk
over with you about it one of these days 80
we can get these things straight so either
one of us won't be embarrassed.

H.M.Jr:

Right. Well, when would you like to talk
things over.

116

4D:

Whenever it suits you. I'll be here --

H.M.Jr:

I'm not going.

D:

You' re not going.

H.M.Jr:

No.

D:

Well, anytime tomorrow. I don't think I'11
go until Saturday afternoon. I've got an

when're you going to the Convention?

awful lot of accumulated mail and departmental
work to do here tomorrow and next day. I
don't think I can get away before Saturday
afternoon, so I'11 run down at your convenience.

H.M.Jr:

Yeah. Well, let's just see. What're you

D:

I'll be right at your office, if you say so.

H.M.Jr:
D:

doing around eleven o'clock?

That'11 be wonderful. I'd love to see you.
In the meantime, if Sullivan wants to see me
either before or after that, I'11 be glad to
see him.

H.M.Jr:

Well, supposing I tell Sullivan to be up at

D:

Fine.

H.M.Jr:

How's that?

D:

Thank you. I'll be here at ten and I'll be

your office at ten tomorrow morning.

down at your office at eleven.

H.M.Jr:

O. K.

D:

Thank you very much. Good-bye.

117
FOR THE PRESS

IMMEDIATE RELEASE

JULY 12, 1940

Referted to by Present
at his press adference 7/12/40. July11, 1940
The President
The White House
Washing ton, D. C.

Mr. President:

The question whether in the light of the national defense
emergency it will be necessary to raise the ceiling for hours, above
which time and one half must be paid, has given me much concern.

As a soldier, the nation's defense is my primary interest.
My assignment to the administration of a labor law has in no way
lessened that interest.

Were there any defense need in certain industries for
abrogation of the time and one half rule, nothing could keep me from

so reporting. In my contacts with industry no such need has yet been

demonstrated to me.

attention:

Two documents from the last war should be called to public

One is the wartime report of the British Munitions Commission.
The report stated that from experiments spread over thirteen and a half
months, a reduction of working hours of munitions workers was associated

with an increase of production. For example, in one factory hours of

work were changed, first from a 66-hour week to a 55-hour week, and then
to a 451-hour week. Considering the weekly output of the 66-hour week

as 100, it was found that the 55-hour week yielded a relative output of
111. The 45-hour week yielded a relative output of 109. Thus the
45g-hour week yielded more in products then the 66-hour week and
practically as much as the 55-hour week. The same results were obtained

during the 13-month period in various other munitions factories.

The other do cument is General Order No. 13 issued by the
Chief of Ordnance, United States Army, on November 15, 1917, seven
months after the declaration of war when the United States was at the

height of its procurement effort. The Order stated:
"In view of the urgent necessity for a prompt increase in
the volume of production of practically every article required
for the conduct of the war, vigilance is domanded of all those
in any way associated with industry lest the safeguards with
which the people of this country have sought to protect labor
should be unwisely and unnocessarily broken down. It is a

fair assumption that for the most part these safeguards are
the mechanisms of efficiency. Industrial history proves that
reasonable hours, fair working conditions, and a proper wage

scale are essential to high production. During the war every

attempt should be made to conserve in every way possible all

of our achievements in the way of social betterment. But the
pressing argument for maintaining industrial safeguards in the
present emergency is that they actually contribute to efficiency.
To waive them would be a shortsighted policy, leading gradually
but inevitably toward lowered production,"

These documents wore drafted almost a generation ago. The
production line techniques of industry have been greatly developed since
then. Today maximum production calls for maximum efficiency of the
machine. Maximum efficiency of the machine is usually obtained by

using relays of workers in shifts short enough to make constantly
intense effort possible.

118

-2-

I think it also should be called to the public's attention

that the French 40-hour week in effect from 1936 to 1938 had little
resemblance to our "ceiling for hours." The French 40-hour week
generally was a rigid limitation.
Germany was on an 8-hour day, 48-hour week basis from

July 26, 1934, to January 1, 1939. A survey ontitled "Labor Policy

in Germany" appearing in the June 1940 issue of the Monthly Labor
Review reports that a 10-hour dey, 60-hour week began in non-defense

industries after January 1, 1939, due to a labor shortage. In the
more vital industries, hours up to 16 per day might be permitted by
the factory inspector. But this lengthening of working hours WELS

not successful. The article states: "Production began to fall off

rapidly, accompanied by such an alarming increase of industrial
accidents and S toppages as to attract the serious attention of the
Government authorities
The government applied the strictest measures
against suspected saboteurs but also began to lighten somewhat the
hard labor conditions.
Any complaints from the key defense industries that the payment

of time and a half for overtime is making difficult their operation will

be promptly brought to your attention. To date the Wage and Hour Division
has received but three such complaints, all from small establishments.
Respectfully,

Philip B. Fleming
Administrator

119

U. S. COAST GUARD
COMMANDANT'S OFFICE

Memorandum for

12 12JJaly to

min Chauncey
the auached for

you information, a
per phone request

from min Frazie,
this date.

-

(COPI)

0G-F-010 (7/11/40) 120

THE Director,

Bureau of the Budget,
Washington, D. C.
Sir:

Under date of April 24, 1939, I recommended to you, in response

to Bureau of the Budget circular letter of April 14, 1939, a reorganisation plan abolishing the Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation, of

the Department of Dommerce, and dividing its duties among the Maritime
Commission, the Bureau of Customs (Treasury Department), and the Coast
Guard (Treasury Department). On January 18, 1940, I again recommended

this reorganization plan to you, stating that the enforcement of neutral-

ity relating to merchant shipping has created a greater demand for such
a reorganization than existed when I made my first recommendation. Now
that national defense measures are more urgent than at any previous time

in the history of our country, the need for this proposed reorganisation

plan becomes imperative.

Before resubmitting this reorganization plan to you I took up the

matter with Rear Admiral Land, Chairman of the Maritime Commission, and
Admiral Stark, Chief of Naval Operations. Both Admiral Stark and Admiral

Land have given their unqualified approval to this reorganization plan,
and there are inclosed herewith photostatic copies of letters from the
Chief of Naval Operations and the Chkirman of the Maritime Commission

expressing their complete approval of this plan.

A copy of the proposed reorganization plan, together with a proposed

letter of transmittal from the President to the Congress, with all supporting data and details as to the merits and advantages of the plan,
are in the hands of the Bureau of the Budget. It is my understanding

thatplan.
the Bureau of the Budget has already made a comprehensive study of
the

If, after a review of the plan and corollary data previously sub-

mitted, the plan meets with your approval and you agree with me that the
present national emergency makes most desirable its adoption at the

02-7-010 (7/11/40)

121

earliest practicable date, my I suggest that you lay the matter before
the President. The urgency of immediate action results from the need
to increase materially the national defense value of the marshant marine
and to carry out more efficiently the neutrality and national defense
polisies of this country through the elimination of the duplication and
overlapping of the functions recemended for distribution to the Maritim
Commission, the Bureau of Customs, and the Coast Guard.

The adoption of this plan will be a further step to improve national
defense with no increase in cost and with the probability of a saving.
Very truly yours,

Secretary of the Treasury.

Inclosures - 2.

122
11 July, 1940.

the Secretary of the Treasury:

In the attached letter to the Director of the Bureau

of the Budget, prepared for your signature, you request
the Director to again review the reorganization plan
which you last submitted on January 18, 1940. I have
recently gone over the entire plan personally with both
Admiral Stark, Onion of Neval Operations, and Bear
Admiral Land, Chairman of the Maritime Commission. You

will note that in the letters of the Chief of Neval

Operations and the Chairman of the Maritime Commission

they not only approve the plan as being sound in prin-

ciple, logical in its set-up, increasing as it does the

efficiency of the Government in handling maritine
affairs, but that they both stress the decided adventages of the plan in connection with the national defense. I night add that during my conferences with
them, in addition to approving the plan, both Admiral
Stark and Admiral Land evinsed a lively interest in the
reorganization plan and in its early adoption.
May I suggest that if you approve and forward the

attached letter to the Director of the Budget, it would
greatly facilitate its early consideration by him if
you would phone Mr. Smith a personal message regarding

your desire for immediate consideration. Action in the
premises is required at the earliest prasticable date,
since if the President approves of the plan it must be
forwarded to the Congress while the letter is in session,
and the reorganizing authority of the President expires
in January, 1941.

R. R. WARSCHE.

123
00-F-010 (7/11/40)

JUL 11 1940

f

The Director,
Bureau of the Budget,
Washington, D. C.
Sir:

Under date of April 24, 1939, I recommended to you, in response

to Bureau of the Budget circular letter of April 14, 1939, a reorganisation plan abolishing the Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigations, of

the Department of Commerce, and dividing its duties among the Maritime
Commission, the Bureau of Custome (Treasury Department), and the Coast
Guard (Treasury Department). On January 18, 1940, I again recomended

this reorganisation plan to you, stating that the enforcement of neutrality relating to merchant shipping has created a greater decand for such

a reorganization than existed when I made my first recommendation. New
that National defense measures are more urgent than at any previous time

in the history of our country, the need for this proposed reorganisation

plan becomes imperative.

Before resubmitting this reorganization plan to you I took up the
matter with Rear Admiral Land, Chairman of the Maritime Commission, and

Admiral Stark, Chief of Naval Operations. Both Admiral Stark and Admiral
Land have given their unqualified approval to this reorganization plan,
and there are inclosed herewith photostatic copies of letters from the

Chief of Naval Operations and the Chairman of the Maritime Commission

expressing their complete approval of this plan.

A copy of the proposed reorganization plan, together with a proposed

letter of transmittal from the President to the Congress, with all supporting data and details as to the morits and advantages of the plan,
are in the hands of the Bureau of the Budget. It is my understanding

that the Bureau of the Budget has already made a comprehensive study of

the plan.

If, after a review of the plan and ecrollary data previously submitted, the plan meets with your approval and you agree with - that the
present national emergency makes most desirable its adoption at the

124
00-F-010 (7/12/40)

earliest presticable date, my I suggest that you Lay the matter before
the President. The urgany of innotiate action results free the mood
to increase materially the national defense value of the marahant marine
and to carry out more officiently the antrality and national defense
policies of this country through the elimination of the duplication and
overlapping of the functions recommended for distribution to the Maritime
Condision, the Sureau of Outseen, and the Guast Guard.

The adoption of this plan will be a further step to improve national
defense with no increase in cost and with the probability of a serving.
Very truly yours,
(Signed) H. Morgoathea, Jr.

Secretary of the Treasury.

Inclosures - 2.

-2File to Mr. Thempson

not mailed an Secups office

125
order to Initials
and No.

NAVY DEPARTMENT
OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF NAVAL OPERATIONS

WASHINGTON

9 July 1940
My dear Mr. Morgenthau:

I am in receipt of your letter of 9 July

regarding the reorganization plan which in effect
abolishes the Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navi-

gation of the Department of Commerce and divides its
duties among the Maritime Commission, Bureau of
Customs (Treasury Department), and the Coast Guard
(Treasury Department).

I went over the detailed plan of this some

time ago as set forth by the Commandant of the Coast

Guard in his memorandum of 23 May 1940.

I believe the reorganization plan proposed
interest of national defense.

is sound in principle and that it is distinctly in the
Yours sincerely,

HR Drank
Honorable Henry Morgenthau, Jr.,

Secretary of the Treasury,
Washington, D.C.

126

UNITED STATES MARITIME COMMISSION
WASHINGTON

July 10, 1940
THE CHAIRMAN

The Honorable

The Secretary of Treasury

Washington, D. C.

My dear Mr. Secretary:

Receipt is acknowledged of your letter of recent
date, proposing the abolition of the Bureau of Marine
Inspection and Navigation and the redistribution of that

Bureau's duties among the Bureau of Customs and Coast
Guard of the Treasury Department, and the Maritime Commission.

Some consideration and study have been made of the

subject during the past two years and from time to time
informal discussions have occurred with those interested
in improving the administration of the Government agencies
involved, as well as endeavoring to either avoid dupli-

cation of effort or reduce it to a minimum.
If the general principles are accepted as sound
and the proposed reorganization put into effect, there

are some minor readjustments that could readily be made
in the proposed reassignment of duties which, in my
judgment, would increase the effectiveness of the re-

organization. Specifically, it would be more effective

if the Shipping Commissioners who handle personnel matters
were put under the Coast Guard instead of under the Customs
Bureau.

These adjustments and division of duties can readily
worked out satisfactorily by the Coast Guard, the Customs
Bureau and the staff of the Maritime Commission.

be

It is my belief that the reorganization plan as proposed is, on the whole, sound in principle, logical in its
setup, follows correct administrative lines and will in-

crease the efficiency of the Government in handling maritime

affairs, which in turn will be for the interest of national
defense.

Sincerely yours,

is hand.

127

GRAY

RDS

Buenos Aires

Dated July 12, 1940
Rec'd 5:10 p.m.

Secretary of State,
Washington.

291, July 12, 11 a.m.
Embassy's telegram 281, July 8. 3 p.m.

According to confidential figures obtained from the
Central Bank, Argentina had an unfavorable balance of

international payments in free exchange in the official
market during the first 5 months of 1940 amounting to
47,000,000 pesos. Regular exports produced 365,000,000
pesos, while imports consumed 363,000,000, service of the

debt and official expenditures 45,000,000 and financial
services 5,000,000.

The estimate for the last 7 months of 1940 is an
unfavorable balance of 387,000,000 pesos. Exports are
expected to produce 145,000,000. while imports are expected

to consume 482,000,000, service of the debt and official
expenditures 47,000,000 and financial services 3,000,000.
The unfavorable balance of payments in free exchange

through the official market in the whole year 1940 is
thus expected to be 434,000,000 pesos.
ARMOUR

JRL

COPY

128
JUL 12 1940

3

Dear Dr. I should 1ike to thank you for your letter of
June 26, 1940 calling to my attention - item in the
Geographical Journal for Jesse 1960 - "The Terms-June
head".

I have read the quotation in your letter carefully
and found the commants contained therein way interest
ing.

Sincerely,
(Signed) H. Morgenthau, Jr.

Dr. Instal
of the

office President,

The Johns Hopidas University,

Baltimore, Maryins

ISS
HRA 6/29/40

HDWFILE
RAH
to cets Mr. Thompson
COPY

*

41.

129

THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
BALTIMORE, MARYLAND
OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT

June 26, 1940

Dear Mr. Secretary,

You will recall earlier correspondence about the
Yunnan-Burma Road. In the latest issue of the Geographical Journal
for June, 1940, is an item, the whole of which I quote as follows:
"THE YUNNAN-BURMA ROAD

We are indebted to Professor C. G. Beasley, of Rangoon, for
the following information:
The discussion following Mr. Patrick Fitzgerald's interesting

paper, "The Yunnan-Burma road," published in the March number of

the Journal, revealed a quite inadequate appreciation of the
success of this highway and of the volume of trade which is already
passing over it. The trade now goes from the rail-head at Lashio,
and in the eleven months from the first of April to the end of
February 1940, commodities to the value of two million pounds
sterling passed over the road from Burma to China in addition to
a large volume of munitions and war supplies, the figures for
which are not disclosed by the Government of Burma. A great
variety of items is included in this trade, the most impostant
single branch of which consists of motor omnibuses, vans, and
lorries, with spare parts and pneumatic covers and tubes, which

account for nearly half of the total trade. Other important

items include petroleum, cotton piecegoods and blankets, machinery
of all kinds, hardware, steel bars, drugs and medecines, and
chemicals.

The success of the road has in fact exceeded all expectations,
and the existing volume of commercial traffic would have been

breatly increased were it not for the vital necessity of giving
precedence to the passage of war supplies. No doubt the nature

of this traffic is fundamentally artificial and no sound inferences

can yet be drawn as to its chances of survival in normal circumstances. It is desirable however that wider publicity should be
given in England to the great achievements of the Chinese in the
rapid development of manufacturing activities in the western
provinces, and the large part that is being played therein by
the maintenance of this new link with Burma."
Sincerely yours,

Isaiah Bowman
The Honorable Henry Morgenthau, Jr.
U. S. Treasury Department,
Washington, D. C.

130

TREASURY DEPARTMENT
INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION

DATE July 12, 1940
TO

Secretary Morgenthau

FROM

Mr. Coohran

STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL

Mr. C. Lyon Chandler, Assistant Cashier of the Corn Exchange Bank at
Philadelphia, telephoned me at 10:45 this morning from New York. He desired to
ascertain the present status of the Paris branch of Barclay's Bank, of which the
Corn Exchange is an American correspondent. I told him that I had no information
and referred him to Mr. Leroy-Beaulieu, giving the latter's telephone number.
Mr. Chandler called back at 11:10, stating that Mr. Leroy-Beaulieu was in
Washington and that his office knew nothing about banks in Paris.

When I talked with Leroy-Beaulieu in Washington this afternoon, I found that
he had no information in the premises. I discussed with 1 Mr. Livesey the propriety
of the State Department sending a cable to our Embassy in France, requesting, at
Mr. Chandler's expense, information as to the present status of Barclay's Paris
branch bank. Livesey solicited the opinion of Mr. Clark, with which both Livesey
and I agreed, namely, that the State Department should not request its diplomatic
office in unoccupied French territory to seek information with respect to a British
Dank in territory occupied by Germany.

I telephoned the above information to Mr. Chandler in Philadelphia this afternoon. I added that I had had occasion to speak with an international banker
(Dr. Somary) who is of the opinion that Barclay's branch now has its French headquarters at Vichy. I told Mr. Chandler that my informant had suggested that
Mr. Frank Altschul of Lasard Freres in New York could confirm this.

AMR.

131

TREASURY DEPARTMENT
INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION

DATE July 12, 1940
Secretary Morgenthau

TO

Mr. Cochran

FROM

STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL

In the absence of Mr. Knoke, Mr. Cameron of the Federal Reserve Bank has
given me the following data with respect to Italian and Russian balances in
New York.

On June 13 the National City Bank paid $108,000 to the United States Steel
Export Company to the debit of the account of the Italian Fiat Company.
On June 14 the National City Bank debited the Bank of Naples Trust Company
account for $200,000 for a currency shipment.
On June 19 the Chase Bank debited the Banco Commerciale Italiano $499,000
on a check drawn in favor of the New York Discount Corporation.
On June 21 the Chase Bank debited the Banco Commerciale Italiano $291,000
in favor of the Standard 011 Company of New York.

On June 25 the National City debited Fiat $86,000 for payment to the United
States Steel Export Company.

On July 1, the Chase debited the Banco Commerciale Italiano a check drawn
for $599,000 in favor of the Discount Corporation.

On July 3 there was a check drawn on Chase by the Credito Italiano for

$350,000 in favor of Post and Flagg.

On July 9 there was a similar transaction for $100,000. It is our under-

standing that these payments, and probably those to the Discount Corporation,

have
been for the purchase of securities, principally of the United States Government.
On July 10 the Chase Bank reported that a cash transfer had been ordered by
the Riunione Adriatica di Sicurta, Trieste, to the German Gold Discount Bank,
Berlin, for account of the Internationale Unfall Schaden Versicherung Gesellschaft,
Vienna, in the sum of $100,000.
Italy.On July 5 the Federal paid $50,000 to the B.I.S. by order of the Bank of

On July 5 the Federal received $700,000 for account of the Bank of Italy
from the National Bank of Rumania. The Bank of Italy instructed the Federal
to pay the funds to the Bank of Naples Trust in New York for the account of the
Italian Exchange Institute.

132
-2RUSSIA

On June 11 Russian balances with the Chase Bank in New York were as follows:

State Bank of Russia, dollar account, $6,900,000; State Bank of Russia,
letter of credit account, $4,686,000; Amtorg, dollar account, $783,000; Amtorg,
letter of credit account, $1,453,000. During the preceding week the Union Bank
of Switzerland at Zurich paid $250,000 into the State Bank's account.
$63,800 came from the Skandinaviska Bank, Stockholm. The Federal credited the
account with $200,000 by order of the B.I.S. The principal debit from the State
Bank account was for $500,000 in favor of Amtorg.
On June 18 the balances were:

State Bank of Russia, dollar account, $6,265,000; State Bank of Russia,
letter of credit account, $4,723,000; Amtorg, dollar account, $389,000; Amtorg,
letter of credit account, $1,556,000. There was an in-payment to the State Bank
account by the Manufacturers Trust acting in behalf of the Anglo Prague Credit
Bank, Bratislava, for $134,000. There was a transfer from the Slovenake Bank,
Bratislava, for $100,000. $300,000 was credited from the Union Bank of
Switzerland. Out-payments included one to the Mesta Machine Company, Pittsburgh,
for $216,000.

On June 25 the balances were:

State Bank of Russia, dollar account, $5,235,000; State Bank of Russia,
letter of credit account, $4,385,000; Amtorg, dollar account, $1,266,000; Amtorg,
letter of credit account, $1,566,000. There was a transfer to the State Bank
account of $101,000 from the National Bank of Estonia. There was a similar
transfer from the Central Bank of Latvia for $107,000. There was a credit from
the Bethlehen Steel Company of $124,000. There was a payment to the Bank of

Rome for $50,000.

On July 3 the balances were:

State Bank of Russia, dollar account, $4,783,000; State Bank of Russia,
letter of credit account, $4,007,000; Amtorg, dollar account, $770,000; Amtorg,
letter of credit account, $1,519,000. There were credits from the Bethlehen
Steel and certain rubber companies for $119,000. There was a payment to the
Union Bank of Switzerland for $500,000. There was a payment to the Bank for
Foreign Trade, Moscow, for $50,000. There was a credit from the Bank of Chosen
for $400,000. There was a debit of $278,000 involving payment on a note
domiciled at the Chase in favor of the American Society for Jewish Farm
Settlement
for $150,000. in the U.S.S.R. There was a payment to the Russian Bank of Iran
On July 10 the balances were:

State Bank of Russia, dollar account, $5,164,000; State Bank of Russia,
letter of credit account, $3,444,000; Amtorg, dollar account, $657,000; Amtorg,

133

letter of credit account, $1,517,000. There was a transfer from the State Bank
of Russia to the Netherlands branch account of Amtorg for $600,000, and a
second payment of this sort for $59,000. Credits to the State account included
one from the Federal Reserve Bank, by order of the B.I.S., for $250,000; and

one from Skandinaviska Bank for $200,000. There was a transfer from the Russian
State account to the Bank for Foreign Trade at Moscow for $50,000. There was an
in-payment from the Bethlehen Steel Corporation and subsidiary companies for
$93,000. There was a payment from the Public National Bank & Trust Company of

New York for $400,000.

134

JULY 12, 1940.

MEMORANDUM FOR THE SECRETARY:

Re Shipping Situation.

The records of the Association of American Railroads

reflect a sharp downward turn from the record figures of June.

On July 8th the number of cars of export freight lightered
amounted to 840; on July 11th this had dropped to 634:

On

July 1st cars of export freight on hand to be lightered numbered
5125; on July 11th this had fallen to 4050.

The number of cars of export freight in railroad storage
facilities is also declining, indicating a drawing on the back-log.
A further indication of the decreased volume moving into
export is the fact that there were only 49 lighters on demurrage
at noon July 11th.

Grain available for export at New York is unchanged from

weeks past, with a little over a million bushels in railroad cars,
elevators and boats.

Carloadings for the week ending July 6th, while approximately
107% of the ten year average, showed a decline of over 115,000 cars

from the preceding week, due to the Fourth of July holiday and the

slowing up of activity in the day and a half following the holiday.
The poor export cargo market, particularly to the United
Kingdom, has been aggravated by the requirement that export licenses

must be obtained on a long list of commodities. Further confusion
and delay will follow inability of exporters to obtain the forms on
which to make application for licenses.
Underwriters have advanced the war risk rates on cargo
moving to west coast United Kingdom, Irish and United Kingdom channel

ports, not east of Southampton, from 7 to 10%

135

July 12, 1940.
The Far East trade has become weaker while there is an
improvement in the Australian trade.

The surplus of ships presently available for loading
to United Kingdom ports has brought about a decision on the part
of the British governmental authorities not to approve proposed
increases in ocean freight rates from the United States and Canada,
which, it had been hoped, would become effective August 1st. The
only nourishment the steamship lines have obtained is an increase

in the rate on bulk grain from 5/8 per quarter to 10/- and on
flour from 40 to 60$ per 100 lbs.

In spite of the fact that the regular lines are having
difficulty in obtaining sufficient cargo at reminerative rates
under prevailing conditions, the speculators, such as Bernstein and
his former associates the General Atlantic Steamship Company, are

putting vessels on the United Kingdom berth, which ships they have

chartered on net form at 3230 per cubic foot. On this basis,
and without taking into consideration possible demurrage, it requires
an average rate of 50 per cubie foot on the cargo loaded to break
even. To attain this average is extremely difficult, even with
the exercise of the utmost selection in the choice of cargo because
of the comparatively low level of Conference rates and there would
seem to be absolutely no opportunity to obtain premium rates in

the face of all the lines scrambling for cargo. One explanation
offered is that there are substantial quantities of steel offering
to Dublin and other Irish ports and that the General Atlantic are
trying to hold the shippers of this steel up for $25. per ton versus
the Conference rate of $10.

The chances of getting any such rate

have been greatly diminished by the reported action of their former

136
July 12, 1940.

associate, Mr. Bernstein, in quoting $15. on the same business.
Efforts to overcome the blockade of the Mediterranean

by going through the back door continue. In addition to the
transhipping setup utilizing the regular lines to the Persian
Gulf via the Cape of Good Hope, promoted by the Barr Shipping
Company, the Isthmian Steamship Company is placing on berth from
New York direct to Port Sudan and Suez, via the Cape of Good Hope,
the Egyptian-flag steamer "STAR OF ALEXANDRIA". Mr. Isbrandtsen
climbs on the band wagon advertising the Swedish Motor Vessel
"VASALAND" from Philadelphia and New York to Bombay, Karachi and

Basra, the latter port to be the base for transhipment to Turkey
and other eastern Mediterranean countries. Incidentally,
Isbrandtsen paid $4.50 per deadweight ton per month for the charter
of the "VASALAND".

Full cargo rates all over the world are still going down.
Linseed from the Argentine to Canada can be done at $7.00. Coal
from Hampton Roads to Rio de Janeiro was traded at $5.40 per ton.
The American steamer "JOSEPHINE LAWRENCE" took $3.00 for a round

trip West Indies.
The American Export Line chartered their SS "EXAMINER"

for a round trip east coast South America, July; rate not disclosed
but presumed to be $3.00 or $3.25.

Band barris

137
TREASURY DEPARTMENT

Washington
FOR RELEASE, MORNING NEWSPAPERS,

Friday, July 12, 1940.

Press Service

No.21-58

7/11/40

Secretary of the Treasury Morgenthau announced last night

that the subscription books for the current offering of
$600,000,000, or thereabouts, of 2-1/4 percent Treasury Bonds of
1954-56 closed at the close of business Thursday, July 11, except

for the receipt of subscriptions for amounts up to and including
$5,000 where the subscribers specify that delivery be made in

registered bonds 90 days after the issue date. The subscription

books will be closed for the receipt of subscriptions of that
class at the close of business Saturday, July 13.
Subscriptions of either class addressed to a Federal
Reserve Bank or Branch or to the Treasury Department and placed

in the mail before 12 o'clock midnight of the respective closing
days will be considered as having been entered before the close
of the subscription books.
Announcement of the amount of subscriptions and the basis
of allotment will probably be made on Wednesday, July 17.
-000-

138

July 12, 1940

My dear Mr. Hoover:

Thank you for your letter of
July 9th containing the report of
instructions to German propagenda

agents. I also take this opportuni-

ty to acknowledge receipt of your

letter of July 10th referring to

statements made by the German Consul
in New York.

I have read both of these canmunications with a great deal of
interest.
Sincerely yours,
(Signed) a

Mr. J. Edger Hoover, Director,
Federal Bureau of Investigation,

Washington, D.C.

Jr.

139

July 12, 1940

My dear Mr. Hoover:

Thank you for your letter of
July 9th containing the report of
instructions to German propeganda

agents. I also take this opportunity to acknowledge receipt of your

letter of July 10th referring to

statements made by the German Consul
in New York.

I have read both of these communications with a great deal of
interest.

Sincerely yours,
(Signed) H. Morgenthau,Jr

Mr. J. Edgar Hoover, Director,
Federal Burean of Investigation,

Washington, D.C.

100

July 12, 1940

My dear Mr. Hoover:

Thank you for your letter of
July 9th containing the report of
instructions to German propaganda

agents. I also take this opportunity to acknowledge receipt of your

letter of July 10th referring to

statements made by the German Consul
in New York.

I have read both of these communications with a great deal of
interest.

Sincerely yours,
(Signed) H Morgenthau, Jr.

Mr. J. Edgar Hoover, Director,
Federal Bureau of Investigation,
Washington, D.C.

141

JOHN EOGARD HOOVER
DIRECTOR

Federal Surran of Investigation
Entira States Department of Justice
Washington, D. c.

July 9, 1940

ack-

STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL

The Honorable

The Secretary of the Treasury
Washington, D. C.

My dear Mr. Secretary:

The following information has been received from an

unusually reliable source. Within a few days it is ex-

pected that a photographic copy of the instructions as set
forth below will be made available to me, and upon its
receipt a copy will be furnished to you.
The report states:

"Source of proved reliability in close touch
wi th responsible German officials in an occupied
territory reported on June 15th that a considential instruction, in substance as below, had

been addressed by the Fuehrer to chiefs of propaganda sections in all regions:
'The German Armies are winning against democ-

racies and plutocracies. It is not going to
be long before this war ends victoriously and
Reich dominates Europe. It is obvious that
conquered territories will continue to be under
protection of mighty Germany. But this victory

is not going to terminate the war because the
guardian of democracies and plutocracies will
remain undestroyed. The war will continue
against U.S.A., on British and French ships,
and with our brave Navy in order that America
shall pay for crimes she committed against Germany
during and after World War, as well as at present
time. The punishment given will be as successful
as everything else undertaken by German Nation
and victorious Army.

142

-2-

'My Party Comrades, I command you emphatically

to be reserved in territories so far con-

quered and to preserve a correct attitude
toward the minorities and the conquered nations.

This correct attitude is to be maintained until
day I myself fix. This day will come and will
be the day of reckoning. IN

The foregoing quotation is a memorized version. A photo-

graph of the actual instructions, barring accidents, should
be available in due course.

with expressions of my very best regards, I am
Sincerely yours,

J edgan Allower
BY MESSENGER

143

EDGAR HOOVER
DIRECTOR

Federal Euroun of Investigation
United States Department of Justice
Washington, B. C.

July 10, 1940
PERSONAL AND
CONFIDENTIAL

The Honorable

The Secretary of the Treasury
Washington, D. C.

My dear Mr. Secretary:

Information has been received from a confi-

dential source that about July 1, 1940, an official in
the office of the German Consul in New York, New York,

while conferring with an individual who inquired whether
shipments from Marseilles, France, were controlled by
the French or Germans, replied that they were controlled
the French but that " we will be able to do much
by

more about such things in approximately two weeks."

Further, the Consulate official reportedly also
stated that the invesion of England would " probably
start next week" and that they " expected peace within
a month."

Sincerely yours,

J. Ea. tover
BY SPECIAL MESSENGER

144

JUL 12 1940

PERSONAL AND CONFIDENTIAL

My dear Mr. Hoover:

In your letter of July 1, you advised me that Otto H.
Loverbeck is reported to have taken a pro-Nasi and antiAmerican position.

Mr. Loverbeck formerly was in the Treasury Department
but he was transferred to the Federal Works Agency when the

Public Buildings Branch of the Procurement Division of the
Treasury was transferred to the Federal Works Agency under

Reorganization Plan No. 1, effective July 1, 1939. You will
no doubt wish to furnish advice to Mr. Carmody of your report on this man.

Sincerely yours,
(Signed) H Morgenthan, Jr.

Secretary of the Treasury.

Honorable J. Edgar Hoover,
Director,

Federal Bureau of Investigation,

Department of Justice,
Washington, D. C.

INTERNAL

By Message 1015

145

JUL 12 1940

PERSONAL AND CONFIDENTIAL

My dear Mr. Hoover:

In your letter of July 1, you advised me that Otto H.

Loverbeck is reported to have taken a pro-Nazi and antiAmerican position.

Mr. Loverbeck fornerly was in the Treasury Department
but he was transferred to the Federal Works Agency when the
Public Buildings Breach of the Procurement Division of the
Treasury was transferred to the Federal Works Agency under

Reorganization Plan No. 1, effective July 1, 1939. You will

no doubt wish to furnish advice to Mr. Carmody of your report on this man.

Sincerely yours,
(Signed) H. Morgenthau, Jr.

Secretary of the Treasury.

Honorable J. Edgar Hoover,
Director,

Federal Bureau of Investigation,

Department of Justice,
Washington, D. c.

NNTIRES

By Messenger

146

11 PERSONAL AND COMPIDENTIAL

n dear Mr. Hoovers

In your letter of July 1, you advised me that otto H.

Leverbeck is reported to have taken . pro-Mast and entiAmerican position.

Mr. Leverbeek formerly was in the Treasury Department
but he was transferred to the Federal Works Agency when the

Public Buildings Brefish of the Precurement Division of the
Sreasury was trensferred to the Federal Works Agency under

Reorganization Plan No. 1, effective July 1, 1939. You will
no doubt wish to furnish advice to Mr. Carnody of your port on this mm.

Sincerely yours,

Secretary of the Treasury.

Menorable J. Biger Hoover,
Director,

Federal Bureau of Investigation,

Department of Justice,
Washington, D. 0.

By Messenger

147
EDGAR HOOVER

nithonyson

DIRECTOR

Federal Surrau of Investigation
Mutted States Department of Justice
Washington, B. C.

July 1, 1940

PERSONAL AND CONFIDENTIAL
BY SPECIAL MESSENGER

The Honorable

The Secretary of the Treasury
Washington, D. C.

My dear Mr. Secretary:

Information has been received by this
Bureau from a confidential source with reference
to one Otto H. Loverbeck, who is employed as an
architect by the Treasury Department. This man
is reported to have taken a pro-Nazi and anti-

American position. His wife is reported to be
in Germany.

The above is being forwarded to you
for your information.
With expressions of my highest esteem
and best regards,

Sincerely yours,

J

the Moover

148

TREASURY DEPARTMENT
INTER-OFFICE COMMUNICATION

DATE July 12, 1940.
TO

Mr. White

FROM

Mr. Gass

Subject:

The German Food Situation.

1. There is no convincing evidence that the food situation
in Germany will be substantially worse this winter than last.

Stocks of cereals (and consequently bread rations) may be
somewhat smaller this year, but supplies of butter, eggs and
meat will be larger.

2. The weight of opinion is that German rations, as established last winter and maintained since then with only minor
changes, are sufficient to maintain health and efficiency. 1/
They provide only a very dull diet, and when the supply of

fresh vegetables is interrupted - as last winter -, these

rations no doubt create. serious dissatisfaction. But adequate
provisions are made for the special needs of heavy laborers
and soldiers; so long as these special provisions can be

maintained, there will be little loss of physical efficiency
in essential war industries or at the front.

3. The general adequacy of the German food supply finds no
parallel in the areas occupied by the German armies. Poland
is starving, while the cream of her able-bodied population
has been drafted for work on German farms. There is a serious
shortage of food in Belgium. The Netherlands and Denmark will

no doubt be short of breadstuffs by winter. France will also
get a taste of hunger this winter if - as apparently provided
by the armistice - she must support the German army of ocou-

pation.

1

The Department of Agriculture dissents, partially, from
this judgement: see Foreign Agriculture, April 1940,
especially page 195.

of

THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, JUNE 30,
149

APPEAL
ASE

SEND

TARVING

To

FOOD

EUROPE AND
WICKED
HELP
BRITISH

TO

BLOCKADE

CHILDREN

BEAT

THE

con
"I GAVE YOU A NICE PLACARD IN EXCHANGE, DIDN'T I?"
A

cartoon by Low which appeared in London Friday Times Wide World Radiophoto passed by British censor
Low c all countries

150

TREASURY DEPARTMENT
INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION

DATE July 12, 1940
TO

FROM

Secretary Morgenthau
Mr. Cochran

At 10:15 this forenoon I talked by telephone with Mr. Cameron of the Federal
Reserve Bank at New York. I referred to the three cablegrams, of which copies of
two had been provided us, which the Federal had received from the Netherlands Bank
in recent days, and which have not yet been answered. Cameron had told me that
yesterday a further message had been received from the Netherlands Bank, inquiring
as to the receipt of the three messages in question.

I told Mr. Cameron that I had submitted to the Secretary of the Treasury a
memorandum reporting the question which confronted the Federal Reserve Bank in

regard to these telegrams, considering the instruction which the Bank had received
on May 14 from the Netherlands Bank to the effect that thereafter the Federal should
no longer execute instructions sent to it on behalf of the Netherlands Bank when
such instructions were despatched from the Netherlands. The Secretary had not commented upon this subject, and I did not feel that I should press him for an expresion of opinion on a matter which was primarily for the Federal Reserve Bank to
decide.
I told Mr. Cameron that two days ago Governor Harrison had talked with me on

this subject during a conversation by telephone primarily on another matter. It had
been understood that I should inquire of the Netherlands Legation in this city as to
whether there was any objection to published documents in regard to our control of
funds being sent to the Netherlands Bank. I told Cameron that I had this morning
spoken with Mr. Molekamp, Commercial Counselor of the Netherlands Legation, on this

subject without mentioning any inquiry that had been received by the Federal. I
had told Mr. Molekamp that, following my long service in Europe and my contacts with
the various Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors, I had assumed the task of
keeping them provided currently with such published Treasury documents as could
properly be forwarded to them. The question now came to my mind as to whether I
should endeavor to supply the Netherlands Bank at Amsterdam with copies of our Con-

trol proclamations, regulations, licenses et cetera.

Mr. Molekamp confirmed that his Embassy had no direct contact with the Netherlands
Bank. At the same time he saw no reason why this Treasury of a neutral country
should refrain from making documents of the type under reference available to the
Netherlands Bank. He was positive that the German Embassy had already provided Berlin

with full information and documentation on this subject, so that the question of our
getting information into the hands of enemies of the Netherlands which the latter
otherwise would not receive, did not arise.

151
2-

In my conversation with Mr. Cameron I gave the foregoing information. I told
him that while I could not speak for the group which handles our freezing system,
I felt that the majority thereof would see no reason for the Federal Reserve
replying to the cablegrams under reference. If he wanted my personal opinion, I
did not hesitate to recommend that all of the messages so far received be answered.
I saw, of course, the objection to carrying out anything which might be considered
an instruction, in view of the "stop order" from the Netherlands, which has not yet
been rescinded. I observed, however, that it should be perfectly proper to let the
Netherlands Bank know whether an actual credit transaction in its favor had been
consummated, and furthermore, to let the Bank have published information concerning

policies directly affecting it. I did not consider that answering these messages
would put the Federal under any obligation to carry out instructions with respect
specific transactions. Decisions on these could be taken, if the question should
arise. In the meantime, I personally thought that messages of the type under

to

reference could be acknowledged without any harm to anyone, and should be acknow1-

edged. Mr. Cameron understood the spirit in which I was offering this personal
opinion. He said he would discuss the matter with his colleagues, and would let no
know what they decide to do. In the meantime, I said I would do nothing toward
forwarding documents to the Netherlands Bank.

July 13. 1940

Mr. Cameron told me by telephone at 11:30 this morning that the Federal
Reserve Bank had decided yesterday not to respond to any of the cablegrams so far
received from the Netherlands Bank, Amsterdam. I informed Mr. Malekamp of this

decision and the latter indicated his approval of this decision.

PM.

STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL

152

(PTIDCA)

Extra copies sent by ordinary mail
AMERICAN CONSULATE

AIR MAIL

Rangoon, Burma, July 12, 1940
STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL

Subject: Deliveries for Shipment Through Rangoon of

Petroleum Products Ordered by Chinese
Government Under Export-Import Bank Credits.

The Honorable

The Secretary of State,
Washington.
Sir:

I have the honor to report that a total quantity

of 120, 445 drums, or 6,393,183 American gallons, of
petroleum products of American origin, chiefly motor

gasoline but including some lubricating and diesel oil,

has been imported into Rangoon between July 26, 1939, and
June 19. 1940, by the Standard-Vacuum 011 Company and the
Texas 011 Company for delivery to the Chinese Government,

which is understood to have financed the purchase of the
entire quantity upon the basis of credite extended by the
Export-Import Bank. Details relating to the combined
importations by these two companies appear in an enclosure
submitted herewith. The share of each company was approximately
one half the total.
Shipments arriving in Rangoon are stored temporarily
by the American companies, and delivery of the Chinase
Government is effected by placing stocks aboard railway cars
in accordance with the requirements of the Fooshing Trading
Company, which arranges for their shipment by rail to Lashio
and thence into China by motor truck over the Burma-Yunnan

highway. Of the total quantity imported, delivery has been
made of all but about 10,000 drums (530,000 gallons), which
remain in storage at Rangoon. Approximately 10,000 drums
which have been delivered are understood to be stored at
Leshio awaiting transportation by truck into China. The
balance, therefore, of approximately 100,445 drums (5.333,183
gallons) may be regarded as the minimum quantity which has
already been shipped to China.

Within the past few weeks deliveries and shipments from
Rangoon have been accelerated considerably. Since the latter
part of June, 1940, shipments from Rangoon have been made at

the average rate of 1,200 drums a day. It is expected,
therefore, that stocks remaining in Rangoon will be cleared in
the near future.

Respectfully yours,
W. LEONARD PARKER

Distributions

American Vice Consul

1. Original & four copies to Department; 2. Copy to London;
3. Copy to Chungking; 4. Copy to Yunnanfu.
800

Minor

Germa

Utaire

Proteus

Prominent
Sandviken

**Steel Age

Lyder Sagen

**Steel Age

Hannah Moller

**Noley City

**Steel Ranger
**West Cusseta

**Steel Worker

Name of Steamer

**Steel Inventor

May 4. 1940

Rangoon

April 9, 1940

June 19, 1940

March 7, 1940

July 26, 1939

March 5, 1940

March 29, 1940

December 8, 1939

February 7. 1940

February 21, 1940

October 18, 1939

October 27, 1939

December 20, 1939

December 28, 1939

September 26, 1939

Date of Arrival at

the other vessels carried oargoes of American origin transshipped at Hong Kong.

Totals

GRAND TOTALS

14,000

18,563

-

17,540
115,646

-

120,44 drums 6,393,183 U.S.Gallons*Druns of motor gasoline contain 53 U.S. gallons, and drums of lubricating and diesel oil

983,839

7,690

-

contain 55 U. 8. gallons.

18,563

8,530

5,883

3,607

-

**These are American vessels which brought their cargoes directly from the United States,

5,270

5,000

3,000

8,000

Druns*

COPY

67,109,238

407,570

-

742,000

983,839

452,090

311,799

191,171

-

929,620

279,310

265,000

159,000

Motor Gasoline

424,000

U. S. Gallons

-

-

986

-

474

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1,115

2,575

Drunso

Lubricating 011

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

141,625

Combined Statistics Relating to Arrivals of Petroleum Imported into Rangoon by the

61,325
26,070

54,230

Standard-Vaouum 011 Company and the Texas Company for Delivery to the Chinese Government

U. S. Gallons

-

-

-

126

-

-

996

-

-

-

-

-

-

1,102

-

-

-

-

-

-

2,224

-

60,610

-

-

122,320

54,780

Diesel Oil

6,930

Drums* U.S.Gallons

154
TREASURY DEPARTMENT

Washington
FOR RELEASE, MORNING NEWSPAPERS,

Friday, July 12, 1940.

Press Service

No.21-58

7/11/40

Secretary of the Treasury Morgenthau announced last night

that the subscription books for the current offering of
$600,000,000, or thereabouts, of 2-1/4 percent Treasury Bonds of
1954-56 closed at. the close of business Thursday, July 11, except

for the receipt of subscriptions for amounts up to and including
$5,000 where the subscribers specify that delivery be made in
registered bonds 90 days after the issue date. The subscription
books will be closed for the receipt of subscriptions of that
class at the close of business Saturday, July 13.
Subscriptions of either class addressed to a Federal
Reserve Bank or Branch or to the Treasury Department and placed

in the mail before 12 o'clock midnight of the respective closing
days will be considered as having been entered before the close
of the subscription books.
Announcement of the amount of subscriptions and the basis
of allotment will probably be made on Wednesday, July 17.
-000-

155
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON

July 12, 1940.

My dear Mr. Secretary:

There are pending in the present Congress a number of
bills proposing to amend the unemployment compensation provisions of the Social Security Act and the Railroad Unemployment Insurance Act, as well as a proposal to create a
Federal unemployment insurance system for Maritime employees.

In view of the fact that these proposals are necessarily
interrelated, and involve, in some instances, far reaching
precedents, it appears desirable to have a comprehensive
study made and a report and recommendation submitted by the
several agencies concerned covering the entire subject of the
Government's participation in unemployment compensation.

It is, therefore, requested that you designate a repre-

sentative to serve on an interdepartmental committee, composed of representatives of the Treasury Department, the Department of Labor, the Maritime Commission, the Railroad Retirement Board and the Federal Security Agency, the representative of the latter agency to serve as chairman, to make such
a study and submit a report and recommendation to me before
the convening of the next regular session of Congress.
Sincerely yours,

The Honorable,

The Secretary of the Treasury.

156

July 12, 1940

9:30 a.m.

GROUP MEETING

Present:

Mr. Bell

Mr. Haas

Mr. Foley

Mr. Thompson
Mr. Young

Mr. Sullivan

Mr. Cochran
Mr. Schwarz
Mr. White
H.M.Jr:

Chick, I just saw this on the ticker.
"Friendly recommendation on excess profits

will not be ready until late this month
or early in August. If

Schwarz:

That is in the Wall Street Journal this
morning.

H.M.Jr:

Well, that is incorrect. You can get the

Sullivan:

Five minutes of nine, July 22nd.

Schwarz:

I put in a call for Tom Wilson on it.

H.M.Jr:

How are you going to remember?

Schwarz:

I will remember it.

H.M.Jr:

Well, this is interesting, because this is
the result of Knudsen's visit here, I think.

date from Mr. Sullivan.

"The War Department moved today to stop

threatened delay of at least two months in
getting aircraft procurement program under

way."

That isn't what we spoke about, is it?
Foley:

H.M.Jr:

No, but it is along those lines.
I tried to get Knudsen this morning. He is

up in New York.

What have you got, Ed?

157

-2I haven't anything. That thing you wanted

Foley:

us to remind you about, FDIC --

H.M.Jr:

Oh, yes.

Cochran:

H.M.Jr:
Co chran:

H.M.Jr:
Cochran:

I have nothing important. Last night I
talked with Mr. Leroy-Beaulieu quite a
while. He was talking about that Martinique
situation and he told me all those planes
were unloaded. I don't know whether you
knew it or not.
No, I did not.
Yes, they have been taken ashore and the
gold also.
The State Department sent an observer down
there.

They have had a Consul there for many years.
They withdrew the Consul about three or four
years ago but they had one there for many
years.

H.M.Jr:
Cochran:

They have got all the planes?
That is what he told me and he said he thought
the natives there were the most loyal of any

in the Colonies, that being France's oldest

Colony. He was sure they would destroy them
before they would let any one else get them.

H.M.Jr:

Loyal to whom?

Cochran:

To France.

White:

The French Government.

Cochran:

Yes. And that is that shipment of gold that

had come into Halifax.
H.M.Jr:

Do you know how much?

Cochran:

Twelve billion francs.

158

-3H.M.Jr:

What was that?

Cochran:

245 million dollars.

H.M.Jr:

245 million?

White:

It is in Martinique?

Co chran:

Yes.

White:

It must be the natives are loyal.

H.M.Jr:

How much does that make for each native?

Cochran:

That is what Harry was thinking.

White:

That is a quarter million dollars per native.

H.M.Jr:

No wonder Edward is going to be Governor

General of the Bahamas. If he takes that
and they should capture Martinique, it
would be worth while. It would keep Wally
going for years.
What other news have you got?

Cochran:

H.M.Jr:

If you just have time for gossip, I will
give you a little more.
(Discussion off the record)
If I had known Leroy-Beaulieu had all that,
I would have seen him myself. Is that what

you talked about in your room?
White:

Unfortunately, no.

H.M.Jr:

When do you think this gentleman is going to
get here, Sir Frederick?

Cochran:

It is uncertain. There is one ship, I have

told Basil Harris, gets into New York today
and another one gets into Halifax today or
tomorrow and we don't know wh ich one he is

on and Pinsent was not going up himself. He

159

-4hadn't had any instructions. I just asked

him if he was going.
H.M.Jr:

Phil, you have got one appointment, haven't
you?

Young:

H.M.Jr:

Yes, sir, with the Navy.
I haven't heard from this Mr. Stimson. The
Vel-Ragnar hasn't yet started to take her
ammunition out, but she is supposed to at
1:00 o'clock today, probably due to the heavy
rains in New York.

(To Lieutenant McKay) Mac, ask Coast Guard

to get off a message. I want to know, on
these two American tankers that we are holding, plus the Swedish tanker, I want a
description - detailed description of their
cargo, what is in that cargo.
McKay:

Two American tankers?

H.M.Jr:

Two American tankers and one Swedish tanker.

I think they are all in Texas. And then this
sugar cargo that we are holding on a Greek
vessel for Casa Blanca, I want a detail on
that cargo also.

McKay:

Commander Derby down here knows that.

H.M.Jr:

If he doesn't, get it and tell him to rush.

McKay:

All right, sir.

H.M.Jr:

Anything else?

Young:

No.

H.M.Jr:

Chick?

Schwarz:

I have nothing.

H.M.Jr:

George?

Haas:

I have nothing.

160

-5H.M.Jr:

Harry?

White:

Nothing.

H.M.Jr:

Dan?

Bell:

I have a number of letters to sign.

H.M.Jr:

All right.

Bell:

This is an approval of the return of 40
million dollars of capital funds.

H.M.Jr:

Did you take care of St. James' Church?

Bell:

Yes, sir.

H.M.Jr:

Did you? It must have been pitiful, wasn't

Bell:

It was. I just had to write a memorandum,

it?

that is all.

You remember some time ago the President

asked you to confer with McNutt regarding
an amendment to the Social Security Act.

Schwarz:

I don't remember. Maybe that is what they
were referring to.
That is not what they said.

Bell:

That is a letter to the President reporting

H.M.Jr:

that you have conferred and you have agreed
on the amendment and that you will follow
it up.
H.M.Jr:

Tell them what the publicity man told. Listen
to Chick. This is a good story.

Schwarz;

Mr. McNutt's public relations man called me
and said that Mr. McNutt had asked him if
he a complete andofverbatim
check
the Treasury
yesterday
on say what would at his conference
the get press Secretary
would about

the McNutt income tax case. He said Mr. McNutt

161

-6had been to the White House and said he
was going out to Chicago as a condemned
man and he thought he had played ball and
he deserved a break and that Pa Watson

was going to call the Secretary and arrange
for a statement, which is all right up to
the point that it never happened, the

latter part.

H.M.Jr:
Schwarz:

What did you tell him as an answer?

I just told him that there was no statement

made and we had had no request made.

H.M.Jr:

And that I talked to Pa Watson every hour

Schwarz:

Bell:

Yes. Yesterday afternoon after he was
supposed to have talked with Mr. McNutt -Those are the Library of Congress letters.

H.M.Jr:

Did he say anything more?

Schwarz:

The public relations man said, "Maybe they

H.M.Jr:

on the hour.

didn't give me the right story."
That was funny. All I can hope is that

Mr. McNutt is Undersecretary of the Treasury
when I am back on the farm.

Bell:

I want to talk to you about this 50 million

dollar account.

H.M.Jr:

You stay with me.

Schwarz:

Mr. McNutt expects to leave the Government,
according to his man.

H.M.Jr:

Where is he going?

Schwarz:

Back to Indiana. Fowler Harper has already
gone out there.

H.M.Jr:

On the shores of the Wabash?

162

-7Foley:

Has Harper quit?

H.M.Jr:

Yes.

Thompson:

I helped Mr. Nelson prepare a resignation.
He signed it but he said he wanted to give
it to you in person. I am wondering if you
received it.

H.M.Jr:

Is he in the building?

Thompson:

No. He has gone to the Federal Reserve Build-

H.M.Jr:

Is his room empty now?

Thompson:

Yes. Mr. Alexander was in yesterday to thank
you for having placed him in Boston as Alcohol

ing.

Tax Supervisor.

H.M.Jr:

Did he see Sullivan when he was in here?

Thompson: I don't know.
You know where I live, don't you, down the
Sullivan:
alley here?
Thompson:

Well, he came into my office.

Sullivan:

Well, it is quite a long walk from your office

Thompson:

He was very cordial.

to mine.

Yesterday the National Defense Council asked
for 12 stenographers from Internal Revenue,
but I turned them down because we can't start

wrecking our regular organization. I have
helped them out by putting them in touch with
people.

H.M.Jr:

Who have been discharged?

Thompson: Yes.
H.M.Jr:

Yes, that is fine.

163

-8Thompson:

So we nearly met their call by people of
that type. We have too much to do in
Internal Revenue.

H.M.Jr:

It is the craziest thing I ever heard.

Sullivan:

We don't want to let experienced people

Bell:

We are going to do their accounting work
over there on a reimbursement basis.

go over there.

164

TREASURY DEPARTMENT
INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION

DATE July 12, 1940

CONFIDENTIAL

Secretary Morgenthau

to

Mr. Cochran

In light trading, the downward movement in sterling was reversed today.
From an opening of 3.66-1/4, the pound advanced by stages to a high of 3.71 at the
close.

Sales of spot sterling by the six reporting banks totaled 157,000, from the

following sources:

L 38,000
1119,000

By commercial concerns.

By foreign banks (Europe, South America and Far East)

Total

157,000

Purchases of spot sterling amounted to 1113,000, as indicated below:
By commercial concerns

By foreign banks (Far East, South America and Europe)

L 76,000
L 37,000
Total

113,000

The following reporting banks sold cotton bills totaling 19,000 to the British
Control on the basis of the official rate of 4.02-1/2:
L 8,000 by the Bank of Manhattan
1,000 by the Bankers Trust Company
L 9,000 Total

Sterling in the amount of 120,000 was purchased from the British Control at
the official rate of 4.03-1/2 by the following banks:
118,000 by the Bank of Manhattan (for whisky)
2,000 by the Irving Trust Company (for various commodities)

120,000 Total

The Canadian dollar again improved, closing at 13% discount, as against yesterday's final quotation of 14-1/4%.
The other currencies closed as follows:
Swiss franc
Lira
Reichsmark
Cuban peso
Mexican peso

.2268
.0505
.4004

9-7/8% discount

.1990 bid, .2020 offered

165

-2We purchased $1,000,000 in gold from the earmarked account of the Central
Bank of the Uruguayan Republic.

The Federal Reserve Bank of New York reported that the Bank of Canada made

two shipments of gold totaling $12,360,000 from Canada to the Federal for its own
account, for sale to the U.S. Assay Office at New York.

Gold in Bombay was priced at the equivalent of $33.77, off 12.

The Bombay spot silver quotation was equivalent to 43.57 off 3/16/
In London, spot silver was fixed at 21-3/44, off 1/16d. The forward price
was 21-1/2d, off 1/8d. The U.S. equivalents were 39.544 and 39.09 respectively.
Handy and Harman's settlement price for foreign silver was unchanged at 34-3/44.
The Treasury's purchase price for foreign silver was also unchanged at 35+.
We made one purchase of silver amounting to 100,000 ounces under the Silver

Purchase Act. This consisted of now production from foreign countries, for forward
delivery.

t.m.g.

CONFIDENTIAL

166

TREASURY DEPARTMENT
INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION

DATE July 13, 1940
TO Secretary Morgenthau

CONFIDENTIAL

FROM Mr. Cochran

In a lifeless foreign exchange market, sterling opened at 3.70-1/2, moved
within a narrow range, and closed at 3.71, unchanged from yesterday's final rate.

Sales of spot sterling by the six reporting banks totaled 143,000, from the

following sources:

& 8,000

By commercial concerns.

By foreign banks (Far East and Europe)

Total

1135,000
$143,000

Purchases of spot sterling amounted to 455,000, as indicated below:
By commercial concerns

By foreign banks (South America and Europe)

33,000

Total

L 22,000
& 55,000

According to a Dow-Jones news item from Berlin, an official news agency despatch
from Geneva reported that the French Government intended to tie the franc to the
American dollar at a rate to be determined later, and that the franc was to be
separated completely from the British pound. Prior to the German invasion of France,

the Bank of France's official franc-dollar rates were 43.70 to 43.90 (equivalent
to .0228-7/8 and .0227-3/4 per francerespectively). In a cable received by us from
France a few days ago, it was mentioned that "for the present the Bank of France
would maintain the official quotations given above.
The other currencies closed as follows:
Swiss franc
Canadian dollar

Lira

Reichamark
Cuban peso
Mexican peso

.2267

12-7/8% discount
.0505
.4004

9-7/8% discount

.1990 bid, .2020 offered

The purchased
the Argentine
Republic.$7,000,000 in gold from the earmarked account of the Central Bank of
The Federal Reserve Bank of New York reported that the Bank of England shipped
the following amounts of gold from England to the Federal:

24,816,000 representing two shipments to be earmarked for account of the Bank of England.
1,078,000 for account of the Bank of Finland, disposition unknown.

25,894,000 Total

167
-2

The State Department forwarded to us a cable stating that the following shipments of gold would be made from England, for sale to the U. S. Assay Office at
New York:

$541,000 shipped by Sharps and Wilkins, London, to J. P. Morgan, New York.
59,000 shipped by the Societe Generale de Credit Industriel et Commercial, London,
to the Central Hanover Bank and Trust Company, New York.
shipped by The Chase National Bank, London, to its head office at New York.
18,000
$618,000 Total

Gold in Bombay was priced at the equivalent of $33.81, up 4.

The Bombay spot silver quotation advanced the equivalent of 3/16 to 43.77

MMS

CONFIDENTIAL

168

July 12, 1940

10:08 a.m.

H.M.Jr:

Hello.

Jesse
Jones:

Hello, Henry.

H.M.Jr:

How are you?

J:

Pretty good. How are you?

H.M.Jr:

All right. I didn't like the way you

looked the other day. I thought you looked

kind of
J:

H.M.Jr:

I was tired. My God! I've been going on this
treadmill here.

Yeah. Jesse, I thought you'd like to know
this. Ed Foley has been working with the
lawyers for Curtiss Wright -- we gave them
a ruling and when he gave it to them he said,
you know, we haven't heard a thing from the
R.F.C., and we're just sitting here waiting
to hear from them.

J:

Yeah.

H.M.Jr:

Now, I don't know what -- I just thought I'd
pass it along to you.

J:

Well, we hadn't heard from them. I didn't
know he was waiting to hear from us.

H.M.Jr:

Well, I'm talking in connection with this
new plant.

J:

H.M.Jr:
J:

Yeah.

Well, they evidently are waiting to hear from

you -- I'm just passing it along.
Yeah. Well, we hadn't heard from Ed. We
didn't know that we were expected to send

anything.
H.M.Jr:

Well, he told me this last night.

169

-2-

J:

H.M.Jr:
J:

Yeah.

Well,
don't you think you could send for
them.
What?

J:

Don't you think you could send for them?
Why, certainly.

H.M.Jr:

Yeah.

J:

Why, sure. It's -- this thing that we were

H.M.Jr:

talking about over at the White House, that's
got everybody up in the air and we've got to.
get it straightened out before the boys can

H.M.Jr:

Well, will you send for Curtiss Wright?

J:

For Curtiss Wright?

H.M.Jr:

Yes. It's Curtiss Wright I'm talking about.

J:

Oh, I see.

H.M.Jr:

No, it's they that said that they're ready
but they're waiting to hear from you.

J:

And you've given them what?

H.M.Jr:

A ruling on how they can depreciate this
plan.

J:

H.M.Jr:
J:

Uh-huh. Can we have a copy of that?

Sure.
And would you like to have Ed explain
it?

Yeah. I think if you'll send it over here -have him send it over here and let us study

it and then call Ed if there's any question
in our minds about it and then we'll get hold
of the other fellows.

H.M.Jr:

O. K.

170

- -3 -

J:

How did your bonds go?

H.M.Jr:

Oh, beautifully. Beautifully.

J:

When did you make the allotments?

H.M.Jr:

Well

J:

You haven't made them yet, huh?

H.M.Jr:
J:

No. We won't make them before Monday.
Have you closed it?

H.M.Jr:

We closed it last night but you can still

J:

Can, huh?

H.M.Jr:

Yeah. Individual subscription if you keep

J:

If you'll hold them for ninety days.

H.M.Jr:

Yeah. You can get $5,000 and Mrs. Jones can

get $5,000 worth.

them for ninety days.

get $5,000.

J:

All right. I'll send the word now.

H.M.Jr:

And we can take that up until Saturday
afternoon.

J:

H.M.Jr:

O. K. Well, I'11 attend to that.
Right. What else can I sell you? --

One other thing, Jesse, I mean, do you think
that that Packard thing on Rolls Royce will be
able to go through?

J:

Well, I don't know. I want to talk to you

about that today if I can have some time with

you or somebody, because we're pretty doubtful

about the British part of it. We don't think
that our law permits us to build except in our
own defense program.

171

H.M.Jr:

J:

Well Knudsen asked -- he was over here yesterday
and he asked Foley and me about that and Foley

told him it was legal.
Well, we doubt it. Knudsen explained it to
me last night and I talked to him as late as
ten o'clock because we had -- he called me
yesterday afternoon and said that it had been
straightened out. Well, when we got to
digging into it and I called him last night
and he said he'd be in New York today. But
I do want to talk to you or Ed or somebody
about that.

H.M.Jr:

J:

H.M.Jr:
J:

Ed's the fellow. If you'll tell me now when
you want him I'11 have him over there. He
can bring over the Curtiss Wright ruling, too.
Tell him to come over here then about eleven-

thirty.

Eleven-thirty.
And I'11 be all set.

H.M.Jr:

I'11 have him at your office at eleven-thirty.

J:

Thank you.

H.M.Jr:

Thank you.

J:

Good-bye.

172

July 12, 1940

10:12 a.m.

H.M.Jr:

Ed.

Ed Foley:

Yes, Mr. Secretary.

H.M.Jr:

I just got through talking with Jesse Jones
and I told him that we'd sent a ruling --

given them a ruling on the Curtiss Wright,
and they were sitting around waiting to hear from

him.
F:

Right.

H.M.Jr:

Well, that seemed to surprise him.

F:

I see.

H.M.Jr:

So he said if we'd send the ruling over, he'd

study it. So I said, how are you getting

along with Packard?
F:

Yeah.

H.M.Jr:

Well, he said, as late as ten o'clock last
night he talked with Knudsen and he, Jones,
doesn't think it's legal as far as the English
are concerned. So I made an appointment for
you to see Jesse at eleven-thirty this morning
at which time you can discuss the legality of
this Packard thing and also the Curtiss Wright
ruling.

F:

Right.

H.M.Jr:

But there's where the neck of the bottle is

and when I was tipped off that Jones had given

this story to Krock to throw it on me, you see,
I think that that tip was much better than

F:

H.M.Jr:
F:

Than Bob's?

Than Bob Kintner's saying it was Biggers.
Yeah.

173

-2H.M.Jr:

Because the neck of the bottle -- well, here's

F:

Right. O. K. I'11 go over at half past

H.M.Jr:

O. K.

F:

All right.

H.M.Jr:

Thank you.

two instences -- Curtiss Wright and Jones and
they're both being held up by Jones.

eleven and then I'll give you a report.

174

July 12, 1940

10:53 a.m.

H.M.Jr:

Hello.

Operator:

Mr. Knudeen.

H.M.Jr:

Hello.

Wm. S.

Knudsen:

Yes.

H.M.Jr:

Morgenthau.

K:

Yes, sir.

H.M.Jr:

How are you?

K:

Fine, sir.

H.N.Jr:

Mr. Knudsen, the reason I called you was
this. I was kind of worried about the
Curtiss Wright contract because Foley told
me last night that we gave them a ruling
and they've been sitting around and hadn't
heard from Jesse Jones, so I called him up
this morning and he seemed to be surprised
to hear that Curtiss Wright were waiting to
hear from him. Hello?

K:

Yes.

H.M.Jr:

So Mr. Foley is on his way over now to see
Mr. Jones. See?

K:

Yes.

H.M.Jr:

To kind of stir him up a little bit, and

then while I had him on the phone I said
well, what about Packard. So he said he'd

talked to you late last night and he'e still
worried that what you're trying to do is
illegal. See?
K:

H.M.Jr:

Yeah.

So Foley
also.

is going to talk to him about that

175.

-2K:

But you see, Mr. Morgenthau, we can't really
give Curtiss Wright that order until they get
this bill passed. We can only give them a
letter. But I think that enough work has been
done 80 that there won't be much delay in

the plant itself. The surveys are started,
we've
got the options and all the preliminary
work has been done.

H.M.Jr:

Well, their lawyers told Foley yesterday that

they re just sitting there waiting to hear

from Jesse Jones.
K:

H.M.Jr:

Well, then, he must have had some dealings
with Jesse Jones that I don't know about.

Well, what I'm trying to do is to be helpful
so I called him up, you see, to kind of stick

K:

a pin in him.
Is that Hotchkiss?
Yeah.

H.M.Jr:

What?

K:

Is that Hotchkiss?

H.M.Jr:

Is that hard?

K:

No. Is his name Hotchkiss?

H.M.Jr:

The lawyer, yes.

K:

Well, I'11 get him on the telephone down

here today. What I'm down here for, I'm

trying to settle with Purvis the last part

of the Packard deal.
H.M.Jr:
K:

H.M.Jr:

Oh. That's what you're doing now.

Yes. Packard is all set and now I'm trying
to get Purvis to agree to the financial arrangements
that were made.
Well, is Jesse Jones eet on the Packard deal?

K:

What's that?

H.M.Jr:

Is Jesse all set?

176

3K:

Why Jesse is worried about the point that

we spoke about yesterday and when he called

me last night, I said, you haven't anything
to worry about. I've been talking with the
Secretary and Mr. Foley and they all feel
that in getting this separate corporation
with a lease that the British Government is

doing no business with the holding company -it's doing business with the Packard Motor

Company who leases from the other company.
H.M.Jr:

Well, he's still worried 80 I sent Foley
over there -- he's going over there now.

K:

Uh-huh.

H.M.Jr:

But he's still worried about that

K:

Well, I was worried myself until I talked to
Foley and afterwards to you.

H.M.Jr:

Yeah.

K:

But I can't see that there are any legal
complications now if we go that route, and
Packard is willing to go that route.
I see. Well, I wanted to let you know what

H.M.Jr:

I did and I thought I'd been a little bit

helpful.
K:

H.M.Jr:

Thank you very much, sir.
Thank you.

177

PLAIN

BJS

LONDON

Dated July 12, 1940

Reo'd 11:25 a. m.
Secretary of State,
Washington

2116, July 12
FOR TREASURY FROM BUTTERWORTH:

The London press this morning carries the British
Treasury's announcement of Phillips' visit, most commentators suggesting that problems arising out of France's

fall will be the chief topics discussed, while several
point out that financing of British purchases in the
United States will be another subject of consultation.
The MANCHESTER GUARDIAN City Editor suggests that the

recent break in Wall Street prices has made liquidation
of British dollar assets wasteful and says "it remains
to be BEEN whether a provisional alternative can be de-

vised." This writer notes, however, that the French
collapse has resulted in many new problems and that there

is "no lack of urgent and weighty questions calling for
discussion. The invitation should not, in other words,
arouse any hopes of pending American credits to this

country." THE TIMES City Editor notes that "one of the
original

178

-3- 2116, July 12, from London

original signatories of the Tripartite Agreement is
(5)

now occupied by Germany and the present meeting has no

definite objective beyond a discussion of technical and
other questions between the American and British Treasuries,

The field of possible topics is obviously very wide; it
may include, among other things, BOME consideration of

the possibilities of coordinating British purchases in
the United States with the United States own arms programme.
THE EVENING STAR also mentions the disposal of French

orders for war materials and concludes that the "disposal
of French gold and other convertible holdings in the
United States including L450,000,000 belonging to the

Bank of France" is pertinent in this connection.
KENNEDY

TFV

179

TREASURY DEPARTMENT
INTER OFFICE COMMUNICATION

DATE July 12, 1940
Secretary Morgenthau

TO

Mr. Cochran

FROM

STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL

Mr. Leroy-Beaulieu, Financial Counselor of the French Embassy, telephoned me

this forenoon from New York in regard to the article appearing in today's Herald
Tribune concerning the visit of Sir Frederick Phillips. Leroy-Beaulieu was concerned with the suggested agenda, as specifically set forth in the article.
I reminded Leroy-Beaulieu that when he was with me yesterday evening I had
told him that Sir Frederick Phillips was coming over, and he said he was aware of
this. I told Leroy-Beaulieu this morning that we had issued a communique at noon,

and the British simultaneously in London, and I read the text thereof to him. I

told him that there had been no agenda discussed in advance, and that there had

been no exchange of views with London on any agenda. Only this morning had we made

& few notes ourselves as to topics to be brought up.

Leroy-Beaulieu was especially concerned over the report that the Tripartite
greement would be under discussion, as well as French gold. I reminded LeroySeaulieu that Phillips had visited the Treasury in 1937. a year after the Tripartite
Agreement, and that we have constantly had contact directly with him. Furthermore,
I explained, the invitation had been extended Sir Frederick weeks ago, long before
the French capitulation.

Leroy-Beaulieu asked me if we have received anything directly from Matthews on
the subject of German demands with respect to gold, securities, valuables et cetera,

in occupied French territory. I told him that we know nothing of this aside from
the press story. Leroy-Beaulieu took pains to point out that this was a British

story. At the same time he was anxious to obtain any information which we might re-

ceive.

Referring to the designation of Ambassador Leon to act as liaison officer be-

tween the French and German Governments, Leroy-Beaulieu vclunteered that the two
financial experts who were accompanying him were entirely dependable, and not Nasis

by any stretch of imagination. One of these I knew slightly, Mr. Barnaud, of the
banking firm of Worms and Company. The other is a career man in the French Ministry

of Finance.

KMR

180
BRITISH EMBASSY,
WASHINGTON, D.C.

July 12th, 1940.
iret and Personal.

Dear Mr. Secretary,

I enclose herein for your
personal and secret information a copy

of the latest report received from
London on the military situation.
Believe me,

Dear Mr. Secretary.

Very sincerely yours,

Loturn
The Honourable

Henry Morgenthau, Jr.,

United States Treasury,
Washington, D. C.

181

Telegrant despatched from London early

on the morning of July 12th.

British aircraft carrier and armed
merchant cruiser in collision July 9th in
dense tropical storm in the South Atlantic.
No casualties but the armed merchant cruiser
British cruiser bombed and
badly damaged.

hit in the Mediterranean July 9th. several
casualties and captain killed. Confirmed
that the Mediterranean Fiect suffered no

casualties either in material or personnel in
the fleet action July 9th, but force was bombed
at intervals this day without result. Four
enemy aircraft shot down, 7 others damaged.

2. Casualties at Norwich July 9th were
16 killed 17 wounded. Enemy bombing activity
yesterday occurred South Wales, southwest
England and on convoys in Themes estuary and
Casualties in second locality
east Channel.

alight. In Wales bombs were dropped on docks
at Pembroke, Cardiff and Swanses, and on a Royal
Ordnance

factory. Twelve persons killed;

extent of damage not yet known. Operational
training in Baltic maintained same level; mine
laying carried out off the east coast. Numerous

flights of transport aircraft from Cologne.
area to aerodromes in the Low Countries, leading
to/

182

-2-

to Le Bourget and Lisieux.
3. Royal A1P Force day bombing yesterday
much hindered by lack of cloud cover. Omer,
however, was bombed. In enemy attack on convoy in
Themes estuary by 1 bomber, essorted by 10

Messerschnidts, enemy lost 1 fighter (confirmed)

probably 4 more, and was driven off. Large force
of about 120 enemy sircraft approached a convey
between Dover and Dungeness from the direction of
Calais.

Interception by 5 squadrons of British

fighters resulted in 7 enemy fighters, 2 bombers
destroyed (confirmed), 7 fighters, 4 bombers

probably destroyed. Total result of fighter
operations July 10th 12 enemy aircraft destroyed

certain, 17 probable. Our essualties 2 Hurricanes
lost, 2 badly damaged.

Royal Air Force night

bombing operations 10th/11th July abandoned through

unfavourable weather. Fleet Air Arm attacked
port Augusta during night and sank 1 destroyer.

4. Yesterday enemy aircraft active against
convoys in Irish Sea, off Fortland and in the
Thomes, but very little damage. British shipping
losses reported; 1 ship by air action. Neutrals,
2 Dutch ships by aircraft, 1 by U-Boat, 1 from
unknown cause; 1 Latvian ship sunk by air action.

5. Hediterraneen. Air attacks on Catania
Maeaaca recently have not drawn any fighter defence,

although attacks pressed home with the intention

of indusing fighters to take to the air. Further
movements of fighter equadrons from the North to

the South of Italy reported indicating probability
that/

-3-

183
that Italians consider further attacks in the
North unlikely.

6. Sudan. Police garrison of the
frontier post at Kurmuk about seventy strong,
forced to retire before enemy attack of 300

Colonial troops supported by light artillery
Garrison inflicted 50
and machine guns.
casualties in a stout fight and sustained one
killed six missing. Italians thought to have
withdrawn from Kurmuk same day, our police

patrols now reconnoitring with the intention of
re-occupying the town.

East Africa. British Moyale was
being heavily attacked 1000 hours on the 10th

by Italian regular troops considerable artillery,
mortar and light machine gun fire,and post now

partially surrounded. Reinforcements and
aircraft are being sent to assist the defence.
Units of French fleet still capable
7.
of service:
(A) Under British control. At
Portsmouth: Battleship "Courbet". One
light cruiser and five torpedo boats being
commissioned under White Ensign. Two

submarines. Plymouth, battleship "Peris".
One light cruiser two destroyers and one
torpedo boat being commissioned under White

Ensign. Two defective submarines.
Swanses: One submarine (just off the stocks).
Dundee: one submarine. Alexandria (partly
demiliterised and with reduced crews):
Battleship/

184.
Battleship "Lorraine". Suffren, Duqueane,
Tourville and Inquay Trouin eight-inch

eruisers. Lynx light cruiser. Three
destroyers. one submarine.

(B) Not under British control. At
Le Verdon, one large destroyer (possibly
incompleted).

Breat; One obsolete bittleship.
Vendres: Three destroyers.

Cette: Three light ornisers.
Toulon: Battle cruiser "Strasbourg"
(possibly damaged). Five light cruisers.
Six 6-inch cruisers, one destroyer.
Daker: Battleship "Ejuhelieu" (disabled).
Two light cruisers. One destroyer. Seven
armed merchant cruisers. two submarines.
Casablanos: Battleship "Jean Bart" (not

yet completed). One six-inch cruiser. 10
destroyers, 13 submarines (7 at sea).

Oran. 5 light cruisers, 2 destroyers, 2
of these vessels sunk.

Six submarines.

Biserta: 1 destroyer, 7 submarines.
Sousse: 2 submarines.

8fax: 4 8-inch cruisers, 8 light cruisers,
2 torpedo boats 3 submarines, some OF all

of these ships may be at
arrived at Toulon.

or may have

Beirut: 5 submarines.

Martinique: 6-inch oruleer "Rail Bertin".
Aircraft carrier "Bearn".
Guadeloupe; Training eruiser "Jeanne
d'Are"./

185

d'are".
Arabas 1 armed merchant eruiser.

Saigon: 6-inch eruisor "La Notte
Piequet". . 1 armed merchant eruiser.

There are two light cruisers and possibly
7 destroyers and 22 submite unaccounted
for.
Later.

Damage sustained by British cruiser

referred to in third sentence was slight and
did not prevent her from taking part in engage-

ment with Italian fleet.

186
BRITISH EMBASSY,
WASHINGTON, D.C.

July 12th, 1940
Personal and
Secret

Dear Mr. Secretary,

I enclose herein for your personal
and secret information a copy of the
latest report received from London on

the military situation.
Believe me,

Dear Mr. Secretary,

Very sincerely yours,

Lolizan
The Honourable

Henry Morgenthau, Jr.,

United States Treasury,
Washington, D. C.

Telegram despatched from London on the

evening of July 12th, 1940.

18

British fleet at see in Sestern
Kediterranean was bombed and constantly shadowed

during July 11th. No further details available.
At midday on the same day His Majesty's destroyer

Escept returning with naval force in Western
Mediterrenean was torpedoed by enemy submarine and

sunk. Number of casualties not yet known. As a

result of enery air activity off Portland July 11th
His Majesty's yacht warrier II wee sunk. Promising
attack on U-boat by H.M.S. Deptford July 10th followed
up attacks in the same vieinity by His Majesty's
destroyers Havelock and Farvester; this attack
probably successful. Two British transports have
arrived at Iceland with troops.
2.

Royal Air Force bombing operations

yesterday carried out by 36 Blenheims on aerodromes

in north-east France and Holland, barges on Furnes

canal and oil targets and eluminium works in northwest Germany. Large concentration of barges between
Furnas and Dunkirk was bombed also Boulogne aerodrame

where 5 aircraft on the ground believed damaged. All
Blenheime except one returned. Last night 55 sirereft
attacked industrial plants and railway targete in
north-west Germany. Three bomber missing.
3.

Enemy air activity yesterday directed
I

against east coast between Great Yarmouth and

Flasborough Head, Portland and Portamouth. At
Bridlington station an am unition dump was blown up
and

and goodsyard set on fire. About fifty fighters 188
and bembers attacked shipping in Fortland area. No
damage on land; two ships slightly damaged in
addition to essualty mentioned in paragraph 1.

Similar number of aircraft attacked Portanouth 16.00
hours. Little neval damage done but two barges half
loaded with ammunition were Bunk. Several fires
caused many buildings damaged. Total essualties

from these raids 27 killed, 32 injured. Enemy
aircraft lost 13 bombers, 10 Messerschmidt 110s

(confirmed) 12 bonbers, 3 fighters (unconfirmed).
One seaplane also destroyed. of the above two
confirmed and one probable claimed by enti-sirereft

at Portland. Our casualties 5 aircraft. During
night of July 11th/12th ineffective hostile paids
mostly by single aircraft on the constal districts
of east and south west. Few bonbs dropped except in

Dartmouth district where 29 H.Ke. fell. Present
reports give no serious damage or casualties.
4.
Shipping losses reported yestering as
follows:- 1 Finnish ship torpedoed and sunk, 1
unknown ship torgedoed reported by aircraft.
5.

Malta raided on July 10th by 20 aircraft.

Bombs dropped on dockyard Misida and Manoel Islands

area. slight military damage few casualties. Two
enemy aircraft shot down for certain and another
probable. Aden. Aircraft from Aden dropped two tons
of bombs on railway workshops at Diredaws July 8th
and on Maesaca aerodrome on July 9th and July 10th.

Direct hite scored on hanger and two or three fighters
on the ground. Egypt. Enemy aircraft bombed Sidi
Barrani July 10th. One Lysander aircraft destroyed
otherwise/

189

-3
otherwise as damage or casualties. Seat Africa.
Counter attack on British Noyale by our troops
from south regained assarpment but touch with our

carrison not yet established. Our essualties 10
killed 16 wounded. Those of enemy not known but
believed heavy.
6.

Further reports on effects of our

boabing raids on Hamburg and elsewhere have been

received. They mention destruction of administrative
buildings, severe damage to largest drydook and to
bridge connecting Hamburg and Barburg. Reported

air raids have sade working conditions so difficult
that several factories have closed and fuel will
no longer be stored at Hemburg. Reports from

neutral countries state that our constant air
attacks make it difficult for the Germans to
assemble troops and stores for operations against
the United Kingdom and that former extrene
optimism of quick and successful invesion of
England is now changed is certain high quarters
in Germany to one of hesitation.

190

July 12, 1940
12:30 p.m.

Present:

Mr. Bell

Mr. Foley

Mr. Young

Mr. Cairns
Mrs. Klotz

HM,Jr: We will do one (Bell), two (Foley) and.

three
(Young.) Start on oil. What's the situation
the three tankers?

on

Mr. Bell: Three tankers. Two of them are
chartered by the Texas Company and the other is chartered
by the Spanish 011 Monopoly, as I understand it. It 18

costing the Texas Company $3,000 a day and, of course,

they are rather anxious to get these ships released. We
have
statistics
what the cargo is, but Cairns has
it. I have
not as
gotto it.
They have made applications to the British Em-

bassy for navicerts -- sometime ago - late in June, but
they have not been granted. That might be one out for
delaying, but you can't use it as an excuse to these people.

HM,Jr: You can tell them this -- think about it

and we can talk it with Berle -- "Of course we don't want

to embarrass you" and 80 forth and so on, "we are prepared

to buy the cargo. The President just told me so. I wonder
Knox has
that he can count on. Well, that's that.
Let'swho
go around
the table.

Mr. Bell: Well, you buy it. All right. But

they won't be satisfied with that. They may be satisfied

80 far as these two cargoes are concerned, but they are go-

ing to raise other questions. First, they will lose the

contract which is very valuable to them, and, second, they

will probably go into some other country to get their oil.

191

-2-

No, they will not.
Mr. Bell: Roumania is cut off at the present
HM,Jr:

time.

HM,Jr:

"We are studying the law".

Mr. Bell: I think you can delay it.
(Mr. Cairns came in at this point. )
Mr. Bell: Cairns has a memorandum on his conference.

Very short.

(Mr. Cairns gave the attached memorandum to the

Secretary which the Secretary read. When about half way
through, HM,Jr spoke on the phone to Secretary Knox and

a copy of his conversation follows this page.

192

July 12, 1940

12:45 p.m.

H.M.Jr:

Hello.

Operator:

Secretary Knox.

H.M.Jr:

Hello.

Frank
Knox:

Hello, Mr. Secretary.

H.M.Jr:

Yeah. Here is a good hot one for you.

K:

Yeah.

H.M.Jr:

You heard me at Cabinet yesterday -- that
I reported I was holding these shipments of
oil to Spain.

K:

Yeah.

H.M.Jr:

Well, we're still holding them and it's all
oil going to Spanish Monoply under contract

from the Texas Company.
K:

Texas?

H.M.Jr:

Yeah. Texas oil.
Yeah.

H.M.Jr:

Now we're still holding them and the President
just called me -- evidently somebody had been

talking to him or else -- at least, he said
he had this idea over the night, that if we
ran into difficulty, he thought under the new
law the Navy could buy the cargo and store it
in the Virgin Islands or Puerto Rico or some
place
where they needed it for strategic
purposes.
K:

H.M.Jr:

You mean the cargoes.
The cargoes.
Yeah.

-2H.M.Jr:

193

Now Mr. Berle is coming over here at 2:15

to confer with us and this is costing the

Texas Company $3,000 a day per ship, demurrage,

you see.
K:

H.M.Jr:

K:

I didn't get that last sentence.
Well, it's going to cost the Texas Company --

you see, they're paying demurrage on each
ship $3,000 a day.
I see.

H.M.Jr:

So I may have to move fast.

K:

Yes.

H.M.Jr:
K:

H.M.Jr:
K:

H.M.Jr:
K:

What help can I get from you?

Well, as to our using this oil?
Yeah. Buying it.
Well, if the President says buy it, I
suppose we'll buy it.
Right. Now who could come over at 2:15 and

sit with me in case we decide to buy it

Do
youthat?
want a technical man or can Compton
cover
H.M.Jr:
K:

H.M.Jr:

Compton would be fine.

All right. I'll have Compton there.
But he'd better have a blank check in his
pocket.

K:

(Laughs). Well, I don't think we can move

as fast as that. Besides you'll have to give
them the check. (Laughs) Well, you aren't
serious about that, are you?

H.M.Jr:
K:

What, about moving today?

No. About the check.

194

-3-

K:

H.M.Jr:

No,
I'm not. No, but, I mean, just so that
he's
I

H.M.Jr:

Well, I'11 start right in and have a talk
with him.

Well, I mean, they might be thinking where
they want it because I mean we may have to

move on it today. That's all.

K:

Yeah. And you may have to buy it.

H.M.Jr:

And we may have to buy it. Hello? Hello?

Operator:

Navy.

H.M.Jr:

I was cut off from Mr. Knox.

Operator:

You're connected, sir.

H.M.Jr:

Hello.

Operator:

I mean I have my connection

Hello?

Treasury

Operator:

Operator, ring him back, please.

Operator:

Well, I don't know how I can ring him back.

H.M.Jr:

Hello.

Operator:

Just a moment. Go ahead.

H.M.Jr:

Hello.

K's. sec'y: Mr. Morgenthau.
H.M.Jr:
We were cut off.
K's. sec'y:

Just a second, sir.

K:

Hello, Mr. Secretary.

H.M.Jr:
K:

I'm afraid we were cut off.
Cut off, yes.

-4H.M.Jr:

195

Well, if Compton will come over here
Do you want him to come to your office.

H.M.Jr:

My office.

K:

All right. At 2:30?

H.M.Jr:

2:15.

K:

2:15.

H.M.Jr:

K:

And Berle will be here representing the
State Department.

All right,

fine. I'll have a talk with

Stark and talk to Compton before he comes.

H.M.Jr:

K:

H.K.Jr:

Thank you.
God, I'm glad you're here. It's
a breath of fresh air.

(Laughs). Thank you very much.

I would have had to argue for six months
recently and then I wouldn't have got anything.

K:

Really?

H.M.Jr:

Sure.

K:

Well,
perhaps a newspaperman's training helps
to make the decisions.

H.M.Jr:

Well, you know, a newspaperman and a farmer

get together -- we make hay.

K:

H.M.Jr:
K:

H.M.Jr:

(Laughs). That's right.
All right.
All right.
Thank you.

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-3-

tion.

Mr. Cairns: We will need a Presidential ProclamaHM,Jr: What do you mean, a Presidential Proclama-

tion? God! You always -- gee whiz! Can't we get along

without a Presidential Proclamation?

Are you serious?

Mr. Cairns: I am serious. The President listed

the commodities that would be held.
material.

Mr. Foley: He did not say oil was a strategic

HM,Jr: What if the Navy buys it? Texas don't
want to sell it, let the ships wait, if the ladies will
excuse me, until Hell freezes. If they want to sell,
buy it today.
I

Mr. Cairns: I thought this was Colonel Maxwell's.
HM,Jr: You still want a Presidential Proclamation?
Mr. Cairns: No.

HM,Jr:
All right. Be good then. That's a swell
idea of the
President's.
Mr. Bell: Where do we go fromthere?

HM,Jr: Did I tell you the moral of this thing?

Harold Ickes sat on helium for three to six months and the
State Department did everything possible -- and the President

is back of me and I am going to sit on this oil.

HM,Jr: This "hot" oil.
HM,Jr: Did I tell you what Berle said yeaterday?
I said, "If I go to Atlanta I want to go for a good reason."
So
he said,
"Well, I would rather go to Atlanta than a concentration
camp."
Mr.Young: Hear the joke about Hitler calling up

Ford, thanking him for not manufacturing the Rolls Royce?
He thanked him and said he would like to have him manufacture

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-4-

some tanks for Hitler. Henry said, I would manufacture
them, but I don't know whether I could deliver them be-

cause of the British blockade. Hitler said, I'11 take
care of that. He said, Ship them f.o.b. Detroit and I

will pick them up there.

(At this point, HM,Jr concluded reading Mr.

Cairns' memorandum.)

HM,Jr: Well, I think what we will do, we will
have a little talk at 2:15 with one Compton, one Berle.
Tell them the President said to sit tight. If they don't
like this thing, we will buy the cargo.
Mr. Cairns: They will ask whether you are prepared to buy 72,000 tons per month.

basis.

HM,Jr: . You tell them the Treasury is on a 24-hour

Were they nasty?

Mr. Cairns: Oh, no! No.
Mr. Bell: Cairns said they were very nice and
very cooperative.
HM,Jr: What do you gents think?
take one.

Mr. Foley: I think we have two jumps. We will
HM,Jr: Which one?

Mr. Foley: This one about these three ships.

Buy these cargoes and then see what we can do.

Mr. Cairns: I think we should tell them we will
not grant any departure permits. If they want to dispose
of this cargo, we will take it, but any future cargoes we
will not make any commitments.

HM,Jr: After all, let's do a little mathematics.

To date,
how much for the first six months? They have had
72,000
tons.

198

-5-

Mr. Foley: Average.

HM,Jr: Average. A month. Which is double

what they had in '35

Mr. Foley: 37
HM,Jr:

so on that basis they ought not to

get any more for the rest of the year.
Mr. Cairns: That wasn't only Franco.
HM,Jr: Well, 52,000.

Mr. Bell: You haven't got the picture here. We
don't know the normal requirements of Spain. This is just
what the Texas Company supplies.

Mr. Cairns: They supply all of it, they say.
HM,Jr: That's wonderful!

Mr. Bell: Puleston is trying to get some statis-

tics before the 2:15 conference.

HM,Jr: I don't want Puleston at the 2:15 meeting.

He is not to attend the meeting.

All right? All set?
Want to take five minutes now?

Mr. Foley: I went over there
HM,Jr: Excuse me. Miss Chauncey, make a note
thatFoley
pursuant
mytophone
call to Jesse Jones, this morning,
Mr.
wentto
over
see him.

Mr. Foley: I went over there and he had Hamilton
and Schram in the office. I gave him a copy of the request
for Commissioner's ruling from Curtiss-Wright and gave him
copy of our regulation. Explained the legal background for
it and gave him copy of the proposed closing agreement and he
was terribly
interested and said they had not talked to him
about
this method.

199

-6-

HM,Jr: Who had not?

Mr. Foley: Curtiss-Wright. I said that prob-

ably was true, but this was merely a minor adaptation of
the proposal he had submitted to them in writing and this
was entirely satisfactory insofar as they were concerned
and we are concerned as to the tax problem. This would
enable them, without any change in the law at all, to
amortize the leasehold interest over a period of eight
years. And he asked some questions about some of the
properties in New York that he was familiar with and he
asked if he could keep a copy of the law. He had over-

looked it. He said, "Like a lot of things, it came to

him too late."

HM,Jr: This is his own real estate?

Mr. Foley: Yes. I told him his trouble was

he did not have a good lawyer.

HM,Jr: Did you?
them. N

Mr. Foley: Sure! He said, "I need a lot of

So, basis
on theofPackard
thing he does not want to
put it on the
law

HM,Jr: Before you leave Crutiss-Wright, is he

going to send for those babies?

Mr. Foley: Yes. He said the trouble is we
have not worked closely enough. I said, That's right.
After all, these fellows are not too anxious to duplicate
their facilities. We have to keep the heat on them and
we have to be the moving factors.

HM,Jr: After I talked to Jones, I called up

Knudsen in New York and told him you were on the way over
itthere.
wasn't.
He thought everything was lovely and I told him

Mr. Foley: That's right. So he is going wants
to

send for Curtiss-Wright and get them down here. He

200

-7-

to have a preliminary discussion with his own people
based on the information we furnished and he will have
them in tomorrow or Monday and he will get in touch
with us.

HM,Jr: That's a good job.

Mr. Foley: I brought in the Arthur Krock thing
too.

HM,Jr: Did you?

Mr. Foley: Sure. The meeting was a little
hostile at first, but when the meeting was all over Jesse
had a different attitude than I have seen in a long time.
He was friendly and happy about it.

So far as Packard is concerned, he does not want

to put it on the basis of law. He admits that under 5-D
they might have power to finance a plant. He raises a
question as to the criticism that Congress might make if,
under their National Defense powers, they constructed
facilities for British needs as well as for our own needs.
HM,Jr: Whoever thought that idea up anyway?
Do you know? I wonder.

Mr. Foley: I made the broader argument about
National Defense,as including defense for Great Britain,
where we had absolute control under Section 120 of the

productive capacity of the plant. At any time we could
take contract priority. Take over the whole thing. What
we are interested in and needed for National Defense was
additional capacity to turn out airplane engines and the
fact that some might be sold as an incident of this transaction to the British did not take away from the legal

power. He said, well, he put it up to the Board. They
felt a little differently about it. I said, "Let's talk
about the law. Would you be willing to put it up to the
Attorney General because I think I am right." He said no
because even if the Attorney General approved, he would
not want to do it that way. I said, "All right, Mr. Jones.
If you are willing, and we have help, we have enough ingenuity in the crowd to work out another way to do the same

201
-8-

thing.

On such a nucleus, that's what he wanted to do.
Then he told me about some troubles he is having

with Packard. Packard wants to locate it inside their own

fence and they don't want to give them a mortgage on the

plant so Packard is not entirely cooperative. So he has
problem there. And I suggested to him that we get together ourselves with Mr. Knudsen and work out something
and then callin Mr. Purvis and see what they are willing
a

to do with that $25,000,000 that they are going to put up
and then when we have something that is satisfactory to
Purvis, Knudsen, R.F.C. and ourselves, then call in Packard

and give it to them.
HM,Jr: What surprised me, when I spoke to Knudsen

he said, "I came up to New York just to see Purvis to close
the Packard deal." Can you make that one out?

Mr. Foley: As Jones said, "You have the tax end

of it, Knudsen has the orders end, and I have the money
end, and we have not worked closely enough together."

HM,Jr: It is not our fault. Why does Knudsen
go up to New York to see Purvis. I suppose he had to attend a General Motors meeting.

Mr. Young: A long weekend. It's Friday.
HM,Jr: Fish day.
That sounds very good, Ed.

Mr. Foley: I thought it was good.
Stimson?

HM,Jr: Now, what luck did you have with Mr.

Mr. Young: We had a nice chat. Read over the
Had Colonel Burns there. Read over the list which
is the old one revised, minus tanks plus additional items.

list.

Stimson was shocked they asked for more than the 80,000

rifles they mentioned yesterday at lunch, but I explained
that it was the minimum training requirement for Canada.

He asked Burns to give him complete lists of their existing

202

-9-

stocks of everything, not just stuff that was on the
list, but everything including ammunition for the vari-

ous types, plus production schedule and dates of delivery...
HM,Jr: Good.
Mr. Young:

so he could look at it himself.

HM,Jr: What did they do? Up the thing above
80,000?

Mr. Young: Yes. Kept it where it was before.

At the 200,000 figure.

HM,Jr: Are you writing up today what happened
this morning for Mrs. Klotz?

Mr. Young: Delighted.
Knox.

HM,Jr: And this afternoon you will be seeing

I think that's all to the good.

We have done a lot of Treasury business. (Laughter)
There is not a single thing we have talked here which has
to do with the Treasury!

Mr. Bell: No wonder we are busy!
HM,Jr: Somebody has to spark, believe me.
000-000