Full text of Employment and Payrolls : November 1938
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Serial No. R. 863
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Frances Perkins, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Isador Lubin, Commissioner
EMPLOYMENT
AND PAY ROLLS
Prepared by
DIVISION OF EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS
Lewis E. Talbert, Chief
and
DIVISION OF CONSTRUCTION AND
PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT
Herman B. Byer, Chief
NOVEMBER 1938
################»####################»###################»############
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE • WASHINGTON * 1939
CONTENTS
Summary of employment reports for November 1938:
Total nonagricultural employment
Industrial and business employment
Public employment
Detailed tables for November 1938:
Industrial and business employment
Public employment
page
1
1
4
7
24
Tables
SUMMARY
TABLE 1.—All manufacturing industries combined and nonmanufacturing
industries—employment, pay rolls, and weekly earnings,
November 1938
TABLE 2.—Federal employment and pay rolls—summary, November
1938
4
6
INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT
TABLE 3.—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—employment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings, November 1938
TABLE 4.—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—employment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings, September through
November 1938
TABLE 5.—Selected manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—
indexes of employment and pay rolls, November 1937 to
November 1938
TABLE 6.—Geographic divisions and States—comparison of employment
and pay rolls in identical establishments in October and
November 1938
TABLE 7.—Principal metropolitan areas—comparison of employment
and pay rolls in identical establishments in October and
November 1938
9
14
20
21
23
PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT
TABLE 8.—Executive service of the Federal Government—employment
and pay rolls in October and November 1938
TABLE 9.—Construction projects financed by Public Works Administration funds—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked,
November 1938, by type of project
TABLE 10.—Projects financed by The Works Program—employment, pay
rolls, and man-hours worked, November 1938, by type of
project
(m)
24
25
28
IV
Page
11.—National Youth Administration work projects and Student
Aid financed by The Works Program—employment, pay
rolls, and man-hours worked from the beginning of the
programs
TABLE 12.—Civilian Conservation Corps—employment and pay rolls.
October and November 1938
TABLE 13.—Construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance
Corporation—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours
worked, November 1938; by type of project
TABLE 14.—Construction projects financed from regular Federal appropriations—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked,
November 1938, by type of project
TABLE 15.—Construction and maintenance of State roads—employment
and pay-roll disbursements, November 1938, October 1938,
and November 1937
_
TABLE
29
30
30
31
32
Employment and Pay Rolls
SUMMARY OF REPORTS FOR NOVEMBER 1938
Total Nonagricultural
Employment
EMPLOYMENT in nonagricultural industries continued to rise in
November, contrary to the usual seasonal trend. Although the November gain amounted to only 10,000 workers, it was noteworthy
because there have been declines in November in each year since 1928.
The typical November seasonal decline is about 225,000. Since June
nearly 1,000,000 workers have been returned to nonagricultural jobs
exclusive of projects of the Works Progress Administration and other
Federal emergency agencies and exclusive also of certain types of
temporary workers who are not considered part of the normal labor
supply, but are drawn into some industries during peaks of activity.
Approximately 140,000 workers found employment in November
in retail and wholesale trade, factories, bituminous-coal and metal
mines, and brokerage offices.
Thefce gains were partially offset by declines, largely seasonal, on
the railroads, in water transportation, in private building construction, in service and other nonmanufacturing industries, and in casual
work.
In November employment increased on all work programs financed
from Federal funds with the exception of projects financed from regular Federal appropriations, projects operated by the Works Progress
Administration, and projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance
Corporation. In the regular services of the Federal Government an
increase occurred in the military service and decreases in the executive, legislative, and judicial services.
Industrial and Business Employment
Employment gains were reported by 57 of the 87 manufacturing
industries surveyed monthly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics and
by 6 of the 16 nonmanufacturing industries covered. Pay-roll increases were shown by 44 of the manufacturing and 7 of the nonmanufacturing industries.
For all manufacturing industries combined, the increase in the
number of wage earners between mid-October and mid-November
was 1.1 percent or 80,000. The rise was particularly significant as an
(1)
indication of recovery in industrial activity, as the expected seasonal
decline in factory employment in November is about 1.5 percent.
Factory pay rolls rose 0.4 percent in the same period indicating an
increase of $550,000 in weekly wage disbursements. The usual change
in factory pay rolls is a decrease of 3.2 percent. The pay-roll gain
is significant, not only because it is contraseasonal, but also because
the national observance of Armistice Day for the first time would be
expected to cause a relatively greater decline than in previous years.
The uninterrupted succession of increases since June has raised the
Bureau's employment index for November to 90.5 percent of the 192325 average, the highest level since December 1937. The November
factory pay-roll index (84.1) likewise stands above the level of any
month since December of last year. Employment in manufacturing
industries was still 10.5 percent lower in November than in the same
month a year ago, while pay rolls were 9.5 percent lower.
The durable-goods group of manufacturing industries showed an
employment gain of 4.1 percent between October and November,
while the nondurable-goods group showed a decline of 1.1 percent,
largely because of seasonal recessions in canning, in the clothing and
shoe industries, and in confectionery. The more important manufacturing industries showing substantial employment gains were
automobiles (62,900 workers), steel (15,100), cotton goods (10,600),
woolen and worsted goods (11,600), electrical machinery (£,500),
foundries and machine shops (5,500), meat packing (4,200), wirework (3,200), and radios (3,100). Among the industries reporting
large declines in employment, for the most part seasonal, were canning
(36,700 workers), women's clothing (16,500), shoes (14,000), men's
clothing (11,700), millinery (6,100), sawmills (3,800), stoves (2,000),
and confectionery (1,500).
Among the nonmanufacturing industries, employment in retail
stores, which showed the largest increase (1.0 percent), accounted for
35,200 additional employees. Department stores, variety and general
merchandise stores, and mail-order houses taken as a group, showed a
seasonal employment gain of 4.7 percent. Jewelry and furniture
stores and automobile and accessory firms also employed more people.
Retail food stores showed a gain of 0.3 percent in employment.
Among the lines of retail trade in which employment declined were
apparel; wood, coal, and ice; and building materials. Wholesale trade
establishments expanded employment in November, the gain of 0.8 percent indicating 11,200 additional workers. With the exception of a
sharp seasonal increase in employment by wholesalers of farm products,
the changes in wholesale lines were not large. Chemical and drug firms
reported 2.5 percent more workers in November and gains ranging
from 1.0 to 1.8 percent were reported by dealers in paper and paper
products, food products, hardware, furniture and house-furnishings,
leather and leather goods, and iron and steel scrap. Wholesalers
dealing in automotive products and plumbing and heating supplies
reported employment losses of 2.9 and 2.0 percent, respectively,
and decreases of less than 1 percent were reported by wholesale
grocery, petroleum products, and dry goods and apparel firms.
Anthracite mines had 2,000 fewer men employed in mid-November
than in the preceding month and paid $318,000 less in weekly wage
disbursements. The pay roll decline was accentuated by the observance of three holidays (All Saints Day, Election Day, and Armistice
Day). Bituminous coal mines increased their forces by 1.6 percent,
or 6,400 workers. Metal mines continued to expand their forces,
increased activity resulting in a gain of 6.0 percent or 3,800 workers.
Employment in the public utilities showed a slight decrease (4,200),
dyeing and cleaning firms reported a seasonal recession of 3.9 percent
or 2,500 workers, and year-round hotels and laundries reported smaller
seasonal declines, less than 1 percent.
Employment in private building construction decreased less than
seasonally (4.2 percent) and pay rolls declined 8.4 percent, according
to reports received from approximately 14,500 contractors employing
nearly 125,000 workers. All parts of the country reported declines
with the exception of a small increase in the East South Central
States. These figures do not cover projects financed by the Public
Works Administration, the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, or
regular appropriations of the Federal, State, and local Governments.
A preliminary report of the Interstate Commerce Commission indicated a decrease between October and November of 1.5 percent, or
15,598, in the number of employees on class I railroads. The total
number employed in November was 960,776. Corresponding pay-roll
figures for November were not available when this report was prepared.
For October they amounted to $155,270,047 as against $148,511,507
for September, a gain of 4.6 percent.
Hours and earnings.—The average hours worked per week by wage
earners in manufacturing industries were 36.5 in November, a decrease
of 2.5 percent since October. The corresponding average hourly
earnings were 64.5 cents, an increase of 1.4 percent as compared with
the preceding month. Average weekly earnings fell 0.7 percent to
$23.82.
Of the 14 nonmanufacturing industries for which man-hour data are
available, 5 showed gains in average hours worked per week and 8
showed increases in average hourly earnings. Average weekly earnings were higher for 7 of the 16 nonmanufacturing industries surveyed.
Employment and pay-roll indexes and average weekly earnings in
November 1938 for all manufacturing industries combined, for selected
nonmanufacturing industries, and for class I railroads, with percentage
changes over the month and year intervals except in the few industries
for which data are not available, are presented in table 1.
TABLE 1.—Employment, Pay Rolls, and Earnings in All Manufacturing Industries
Combined and in Nonmanufacturing Industries, November 1938
Employment
Percentage
Percentage,
Percentage
change from— Aver- change from—
change from—
Index.
Index,
age in
NoNoNoNoNovember Octo- November Octovember Octovemvemvem1938
1938
ber
ber
ber
ber
ber
ber
Industry
1938
All manufacturing
combined i
Average weekly earnings
Pay roll
industries
Class I steam railroads 3_
(192825=
100)
90.5
53.8
Coal mining: 5
100)
Anthracite
51.0
Bituminous s
88.6
Metalliferous mining
61.4
Quarrying and nonmetallic
mining
44.4
Crude-petroleum producing
68.1
Public utilities:
Telephone and telegraph... 74.4
Electric light and power
and manufactured gas_.. 92.0
Electric-railroad and motorbus operation and
maintenance
Trade:
Wholesale
Retail
_
87.0
General merchandising
105.4
Other than general
82.2
merchandising
8
92.4
Hotels (year-round)*
93.7
Laundries 5
_
Dyeing and cleaning »
102.
6
Brokerage. _
___
(4)
Insurance
_
0)
Building construction
+1.1
-10.5
-1.5
-9.4
-2.6
-16.3
-12.7
-18.5
+1.6
+6.0
+.2
(192325 =
100)
84.1
+0.4
-9.5
(1929 =
100)
36.2 -16.5
+4.0
81.4
+4.8
51.6
-26.1
-10.7
-27.9
23.14 -14.3
24. 56 +2.3
25.96 -1.1
-10.9
-10.7
21.15
33.50
-2.0
-10.9
-11.8
37.2
62.8
-5.1
-1.5
-.5
-5.7
93.0
-2.5
-.6
-5.4
-.6
-5.0
68.8
+.8
+ 1.0
+4.7
-4.0
-5.1
75.3
71.6
-4.0
93.1
-5.3
-4.3
-4.2
-.9
-11.4
67.2
81.1
79.3
73.8
()
-.5
-.8
-3.9
+.8
-.2
-4.2
+2.3
-25. 0
1938
1937
1937
-0.7
-5.3
+.6
+1.7
-5.1
7
30.98
7
33. 71
-.3
-4.3
7
32. 36
+.3
+.3
+.8
+3.7
-3.8
-4.9
7
7
29. 22
21. 26
-.4
2
-4.2
7
18. 00
-5.0
-3.8
-2.2
7
7
-1.3
()
2 $23.82
+.1
+.4
-.3
-5.4
+1.6
+1.3
-8.4
+.2
-15.6
-2.4
-27.1
-2.0
-.7
-1.0
23. 97 +.1
14.96
+.9
17.30
+.5
19.63
1.5
7
36.36
+.8
7
36. 02 +1.6
28.95 -4.4
1937
+1.1
-11.7
+2.3
-11.5
()
+1.3
+7.9
+.4
+.8
+.2
+.1
-.2
+.3
+.5
+2.0
+1.1
-4.8
-4.6
i Revised indexes—adjusted to 1935 Census of Manufactures. Indexes for earlier months and years given
in August issue of this pamphlet,
i Does not include railroad repair shops,
a4 Preliminary—Source: Interstate Commerce Commission.
Not available.
6
Indexes adjusted to 1935 census. Comparable series back to January 1929 presented in January 1938 issue
of this pamphlet.
•7 Less than Mo of 1 percent.
Average weekly earnings not strictly comparable with figures published in issues of this pamphlet dated
earlier than January 1938 as they now exclude corporation officers, executives, and other employees whose
duties
are mainly supervisory.
8
Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
Public Employment
The upward movement of employment and pay rolls on projects
of the Public Works Administration continued. The gain of 25,000
workers and the increase in pay rolls of $2,771,000 were attributed to
the new projects financed from funds provided by the Public Works
Administration Appropriation Act of 1938. For the month ending
November 15, 173,000 men were working and pay rolls amounted to
$14,861,000. Of the total number at work in November, 15,000
were working on Federal and non-Federal projects financed from
National Industrial Recovery Act funds, 57,000 on non-Federal
projects financed from funds provided by the Emergency Relief
Appropriation Acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937, and 101,000 on Federal
and non-Federal projects financed with funds provided by the Public
Works Administration Appropriation Act of 1938.
During the month ending November 15, 1,200 men were working
on new construction and demolition projects of the United States
Housing Authority; pay rolls amounted to $150,000. These figures
pertain only to new projects under the United States Housing Authority and not to those formerly under the Public Works Administration.
On construction projects financed from regular Federal appropriations during the month ending November 15, a decrease of 20,000
employees was reported. Seasonal reductions in the number working
on roads under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Public Roads and
the transfer of some workers on reclamation projects to the pay rolls
of the Public Works Administration accounted for the greater part
of this decline. In addition decreases were reported for the following
types of projects: Building construction, forestry, heavy engineering,
locks and dams, naval vessels, and miscellaneous projects. The
pay rolls for the 240,000 workers on construction projects financed
from regular Federal appropriations in November were $23,015,000.
During the month ending November 15, the maximum number of
workers employed and the man-hours worked on projects financed
by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation decreased; pay-roll disbursements, on the other hand, increased. The 3,000 men working
in November were paid $390,000.
On projects operated by the Works Progress Administration, a small
reduction occurred in working forces during November. There wTere
3,213,000 persons at work, a decrease of 32,000 from October, but an
increase of 1,646,000 from November 1937. Pay rolls amounting to
$172,373,000 were $2,026,000 greater than in October due to a marked
increase in the number of man-hours worked during the pay period.
On Federal projects under The Works Program, employment for the
month ending November 15 showed a gain of 2,000, primarily on
projects on which work was starting, while pay rolls dropped $130,000
because of the transfer of some workers with high wage rates on
reclamation projects to the pay rolls of the Public Works Administration. There were 225,000 persons employed on work projects of the
National Youth Administration. Data on employment and pay rolls
for Student Aid in November will not be available until next month.
In the regular services of the Federal Government an increase in
the number working was reported for the military service; decreases
occurred in the executive, legislative, and judicial services. Of the
865,000 employees in the executive service in November, 119,000 were
working in the District of Columbia and 746,000 outside the District.
Force-account employees (employees who are on the Federal pay roll
120778—39
2
and are engaged on construction projects) were 11 percent of the total
number of employees in the executive service. Increases in employment occurred in the Navy Department, and in the administrative
offices of the Public Works Administration and of the Works Progress
Administration. Among the departments reporting decreases were
War, Agriculture, Interior, and Commerce.
The total number in camps of the Civilian Conservation Corps was
335,000, a gain of 11,000 from October. Of the total number in
camps during November 298,000 were enrollees, 5,000 reserve officers,
300 nurses, 1,600 educational advisers, and 30,000 supervisory and
technical employees. Monthly pay-roll disbursements for all groups
of workers totaled $14,718,000.
On State-financed road projects the number of men engaged in
maintenance work increased sufficiently to offset the decrease in the
workers on new construction. For the month ending November 15T
232,000 were at work, or 11,000 more than during the preceding period.
Of the total number working 29,000 were engaged on new road construction and 203,000 on maintanance. Pay rolls for both types of
work were $14,960,000.
A summary of Federal employment and pay-roll data for October
and November is given in table 2.
TABLE 2.—Summary of Federal Employment and Pay Rolls, November 1938 ]
[Preliminary figures]
Employment
Class
November
Federal services:
Executive *
Judicial
Legislative
_-_
__
Military
•_
Construction projects:
Financed by P. W. A.«
U. S. 31. A. low-cost housing...
Financed by R. F. C.«
Financed by regular Federal
appropriations
Federal projects under The Works
Program
__
Projects operated by W. P. A
_
National Youth Administration:
Work projects
Student Aid
Civilian Conservation Corps
October
PerPay rolls
centage
change November
October
865,058
2, 204
5,163
339,938
3 873, 548
2, 265
5,244
337, 408
173, 310
1,199
3,243
147, 973
727
3,305
+ 17.1
+64.9
-1.9
239,511
259, 402
123,119
3, 213,115
225,088
(7)
335, 479
- 1 . 0 $131, 267,145
544, 630
-1.5
1, 205, 224
26, 795,878
Percentage
change
$131, 591,185
548, 093
1, 217, 374
26, 791,118
-0.2
-.6
-1.0
14,861,489
149,530
390, 238
12,090,092
102, 658
388,027
+45.7
+.6
-7.7
23,014,693
24, 649, 559
-6.6
120, 754
3, 245, 271
+2.0
5, 925, 239
172,373,413
6, 055, 209
170, 347, 326
220, 066
316,536
324, 747
+2.3
4,110,810
(7)
14, 718, 482
4,012,209
1,951,914
14, 602. 688
-2.1
+1.2'
+2.5
+.7
-1.0
+3.3
+22.9
1 Includes data on projects financed wholly or partially from Federal funds.
J
Includes force-account and supervisory and technical employees shown under other classifications to the
extent of 124,314 employees and pay-roll disbursements of $14,712,421 for November a n d 125,667 employees
and pay-roll disbursements of $15,182,697 for October.
1
Revised.
* Less than Ho of 1 percent.
5
Data covering P. W. A. projects financed from Emergency Relief Appropriation Acts of 1935, 1936, and
1937 funds and Public Works Administration Appropriation Act of 1938 funds are included. These d a t a
are not shown under The Works Program. Includes 57,000 wage earners and $5,191,123 pay roll for November; 67,733 wage earners and $5,866,208 for October, covering Public Works Administration projects financed
from Emergency Relief Appropriation Acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937 funds. Includes 101,590 wage earners
and $8,085,341 pay roll for November; 62,550 wage earners and $4,471,342 pay roll for October covering Public
Works Administration projects financed from funds provided by the Public Works Administration Appropriation Act of 1938.
• Includes 347 employees and pay-roll disbursements of $35,177 for November; 283 employees and pay-roll
disbursements of $30,771 for October on projects financed by the R F C Mortgage Co.
7
November data not available.
DETAILED TABLES FOR NOVEMBER 1938
Industrial and Business Employment
MONTHLY reports on employment and pay rolls are available for the
following groups: 87 manufacturing industries; 16 nonmanufacturing
industries, including private building construction; and class I steam
railroads. The reports for the first two of these groups—manufacturing and nonmanufacturing—are based on sample surveys by the
Bureau of Labor Statistics, and in virtually all industries the samples
are large enough to be entirely representative. The figures on class
I steam railroads are compiled by the Interstate Commerce Commission and are presented in the foregoing summary.
EMPLOYMENT, PAY ROLLS, HOURS, AND EARNINGS
The indexes of employment and pay rolls as well as average hours
worked per week, average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings in manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries in November
1938 are shown in table 3. Percentage changes from October 1938
and November 1937 are also given.
The indexes for the manufacturing industries have been adjusted
to the 1935 Census of Manufactures and are not comparable to those
published in the July 1938 and earlier issues of this pamphlet. Comparable indexes for earlier months and years are available on request.
Electric- and steam-railroad repair shops have been excluded from the
new series in keeping with the reclassification for the 1937 Census
of Manufactures.
The average hours worked per week, average hourly earnings, and
average weekly earnings for all manufacturing industries combined
now relate to 87 industries, instead of 89 as heretofore, because of the
exclusion of electric- and steam-railroad repair shops. This exclusion
also affects the averages for the durable-goods group because these
industries were classified in that group. The average hours and
hourly earnings for the 87 manufacturing industries combined, and
for the manufacturing groups, are weighted on the basis of estimated
employment for the separate industries. As these estimates have
been affected by the revision of the indexes, it follows that the weighted
averages for October and November differ from the averages that
would result if the former estimates of employment were used as
weights. Revised averages for earlier months will be computed and
made available in the near future.
The indexes and averages for the iron and steel group and the nonferrous metal products group have been affected by the transfer of the
stamped and enameled ware industry from the latter group to the
former. The indexes, hours, and hourly earnings for the knit-goods
8
industry are now weighted on the basis of four subdivisions (hosiery,,
knitted outerwear, knitted underwear, and knitted cloth) for which
separate figures are now given. Tractor manufacturing establishments have been transferred from the engine, turbine, water wheel,
and windmill industry to the agricultural implement industry,
thereby affecting the figures for both industries.
The revised series of employment and pay-roll indexes, as well as
average hours worked per week, average hourly earnings, and average
weekly earnings for September, October, and November 1938, where
available, are presented in table 4. The September and October
figures, where given, may differ in some instances from those previously
published, not only because of the foregoing, but also because of revisions necessitated by the inclusion of late reports and other causes.
The weekly average earnings shown in tables 3 and 4 are computed
by dividing the total weekly pay rolls in the reporting establishments
by the total number of full- and part-time employees reported. As
all reporting establishments do not supply man-hour data, average
hours worked per week and average hourly earnings are necessarily
based on data supplied by a smaller number of reporting firms. The
size and composition of the reporting sample varies slightly from
month to month and therefore the average hours per week, average
hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings shown in tables 4 and 5
are not strictly comparable from 1 month to another. The sample,
however, is believed to be sufficiently adequate in virtually all instances to indicate the general movements of earnings and hours over
the period shown. The changes from the preceding month, expressed
as percentages, are based on identical lists of firms for the 2 months,
but the changes from November 1937 are computed from chain
indexes based on the month-to-month percentage changes.
TABLE 3.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, November 1938
MANUFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 3-year average, 1923-25=100, and are adjusted to 1935 Census of Manufactures. Not comparable to indexes published in pamphlets prior to August 1938. Comparable series available upon request]
Employment
Industry
All manufacturing
Index,
November
1938
90.5
Durable goods
Nondurable goods.
9 9
Pay rolls
Percentage
change from—
October
1938
November
1937
+1.1
-10.5
Index,
November
1938
34.1
78.3
90.5
±1:1
Average weekly earnings *
Average hours worked
per week *
Percentage
change-from—
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
November
1938
November
1938
November
1937
Average hourly earnings *
Percentage
change from—
November
1938
October
1938
November
1937
-0.7
+1.1
38.5
-2.5
Cents
64.5
27.14
20.84
-Vo
+ 1.4
+2.9
36.5
36.4
-2.1
72.4
58.0
+1.8
+.2
+.8
+5.2
+6.0
75.7
84.1
69.5
58.0
+.6
+.3
October
1938
November
1937
+0.4
+4.1
-9.5
$23.82
-3.1
-17.4
-.3
October
1938
October
1938
November
1937
+1.4
Durable goods
Iron and steel and their products, not including
machinery
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills—.
Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets
..
Cast-iron pipe
Cutlery (not including silver and plated cutlery) and edge tools
_
Forcings, iron and steel
Hardware
.
_
Plumbers' supplies.
Stamped and enameled ware.
Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and
steam
fittings
~.
Stoves
.-Structural and ornamental metalwork
Tin cans and other tinware...
_
Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools,
files, and saws)
Wirework
See footnotes at end of table.
86.8
90.3
90.0
65.7
82.6
47.9
84.4
73.0
133.4
+3.2
+4.3
+6.1
+.4
+3.0
+5.0
+6.2
-.1
+3.7
-17.3
-20.4
-15.0
+2.4
79.1
81.8
90.6
54.5
+5.7
+10 8
+11.9
+1.2
-10.8
-10.7
-1.5
+3.0
26.72
28.64
25.69
19.71
+2.5
+6.2
+5.5
+.8
+7.8
+12.0
+15.8
+.7
35.1
33.8
37.1
33.9
-12.2
-24.9
-13.2
-9.5
-17.4
75.5
44.6
93.2
54.9
133.5
+2.6
+6 4
+8.1
-11.5
23.11
26.8*2
26.79
21.34
24.08
-.5
+14
+1.8
-11.4
-3.4
+.9
+3.4
+8.8
+.2
-11.6
-22.3
-5.5
-13.9
-17.2
39.0
36.0
39.0
32.0
38.0
-11.4
-3.9
-8.7
-4.7
+7
-.9
+.6
+.5
()
+8.7
+15.2
+.9
+.9
+1.9
+9.0
+5.1
-5.1
74.6
68.9
66.6
63.2
69.1
78.9
60.7
84.6
-3.1
-5.1
-.7
-8.6
-9.6
-22.0
-12.9
53.3
62.7
50.1
87.5
-9.7
-17.2
-.9
-1.9
-27.4
-11.2
+1.6
23.27
23 55
26.07
22.50
-6.8
-12.8
-.2
0
-.2
+12.3
-7.2
+.6
33.9
35.5
36.0
37.3
-6.7
-13.4
-.9
-.1
+1.5
+9.1
-8.6
+.8
68.9
fA 7
72.5
60.7
80.9
164.6
+5.0
+12.4
-11.6
-17.8
75.8
180.2
+5.5
+15.4
-10.1
-4.6
23.24
26.39
+.4
+2.7
+1.8
+147
38.0
38.8
+2.5
+3.5
+17.2
61.2
68.1
()
-.4
+2.2
+.8
+.8
+.9
+1.4
+1.0
+1.8
—.4
-.2
-.2
+.2
-4.4
+()
+.8
+.7
+.2
+.7
+.2
-1.4
+2 8
+1.4
+1.9
-2.4
-.8
TABLE 3.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, November 1938—Continued
MANUFACTURING—Continued
Employment
Industry
Index,
November
1938
Percentage
change from—
October
1938
November
1937
Average weekly earnings
Pay rolls
Index,
November
1938
Percentage
change from—
October
1938
November
1937
Average hours worked
per week
1938
October
1938
November
19.17
November
1938
October
1938
November
1937
Durable goods—Continued
Machinery, not including transportation equipment.
Agricultural implements (including tractors)._
Cash registers, adding machines, and calculating machines
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies.
Engines, turbines, water wheels, and windmills.
Foundry and machine-shop products.
Machine tools
Radios and phonographs
Textile machinery and parts. _
Typewriters and parts
Transportation equipment
Aircraft
___
Automobiles
Cars, electric- and steam-railroad
Locomotives
Shipbuilding
Nonferrous metals and their products
Aluminum manufactures
Brass, bronze, and copper products
Clocks and watches and time-recording devices
Jewelry
Lighting equipment
_
Silverware and plated ware
Smelting and refining—copper, lead, and zinc-
89.5
96.6
+2.6
+3.1
-26.1
-45.0
83.9
95.0
+2.4
+2.9
135.4
83.2
-.5
+3.1
-11.0
-26.4
119.7
80.4
-.1
+3.1
83.5
78.9
117.6
118.8
64.2
128.9
91.6
814.9
101.9
26.3
16.9
96.6
95.5
143.2
100.5
+.1
+1.8
+1.5
+10.0
+4.7
+2.9
+ 15.4
+3.7
+18.1
+3.9
+4.9
+4.8
+3.6
+.6
+4.3
-15.1
-26.3
-28.2
-14.4
-14.6
-9.5
-24.6
-11.1
-23.7
-54.8
-66.5
-13.7
-10.6
-12.7
-8.8
91.6
70.6
110.8
106.9
61.3
130.9
95.9
799.0
107.6
23.1
12.8
94.2
90.3
148.0
85.0
101.0
91.6
66.5
71.1
+1.7
-22.2
-1.4
-11.1
-2.7
-14.4
87.6
82.7
83.4
66.1
65.8
+.8
+7.3
+3.9
+7.0
-80.1
-52.0
-18.6
-29.0
26.07
27.08
28.57
26.69
-.2
-.1
-5.5
—12.8
36.2
34.3
+.5
(3)
-3.4
35.0
36.7
+1.4
+1.7
+.2
+9.2
+8.6
+2.2
+14.4
+2.3
+17.8
-1.8
+15.1
-1.0
+2.0
-.3
+3.7
-18.1
-30.6
-38.9
-8.8
-13.7
+11.7
-19.0
-5.3
-15.3
-63.1
-75.0
-19.1
-8.8
-10.1
28.35
25.58
26.78
22.40
24.83
24.39
33.64
29.81
34.89
24.21
24.30
29.05
25.62
26.44
27.14
+1.3
-(3)
-1.3
-.8
+2.2
-9.9
+6.7
+6.0
-24.5
-6.2
-13.9
+.3
+6.3
+5.8 -20.8
21.57
22.81
25.43
27.39
26.03
+3.7
-.8
-1.3
-.3
-5.5
+9.8
-5.6
-1.5
-.9
-.5
+.5
-10.6
-.5
+2.0
-1.2
-3.7
-6.9
—15.0
+6.4
+1.2
+16.3
+7.5
+5.0
+10.2
-18.2
-25.2
-5.1
+2.0
+3.0
+10.3
-3.9
-5.3
-2.7
+9.3
-7.5
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
November
Average hourly earnings
36.2
35.8
36.3
38.5
36.6
37.9
37.1
40.2
37.5
32.7
31.7
34.5
38.7
40.4
38.3
37.2
39.2
37.6
42.4
37.9
November
1938
1938
-.2
-2.5
(*)
-12.5
Cents
72.0
79.4
-.2
-10.7
-2.0
82.3
73.0
-5.0
-6.4
-14.8
+14. 5
-1.0
+21.4
CO
78.6
71.3
73.8
58.2
67.9
64.4
90.6
75.1
93.2
74.0
76.5
83.8
66.2
65.5
71.0
+.4
+1.2
-.3
-1.2
-1.4
+.5
-3.2
-.1
-3.0
-5.6
+8.9
-6.5
-2.3
>.7
-.5
+1.0
-12.6
-2.8
+1.9
-1.0
+9^5
-14.9
-23.3
-7.4
n
-13.7
-1.7
-1.4
—4.2
+8.0
-6.5
October
57.9
57.6
67.7
64.9
68.8
+.3
+2.0
+.2
-.2
+.2
+.4
-.1
' +.7
+3.1
—.2
+2.7
+1.3
+2.8
+.2
+.8
+.7
+.4
-1.5
-.5
+2.0
+2.5
+.5
November
1937
+2.7
-1.1
+1.7
+.5
—.4
-6.7
+2.1
+1.8
(2)
+7.9
+1.4
-3.9
-2.5
+.4
(2)
-2.8
-3.2
-1.3
-2.8
+.9
+1.5
-1.1
Lumber and allied products
Furniture
Lumber:
Millwork
_
,
Sawmills
.
.__
Stone, clay, and glass products
Brick, tile, and terra cotta
Cement
Glass
Marble, granite, slate, and other products
Pottery
_
65.8
79.9
_.
54.9
52.3
71.6
52.4
67.8
92.1
42.9
80.0
-.6
-8.0
-8.4
56.2
65.0
-2.7
-8.9
-8.4
-5.0
-5.2
-13.5
-13.0
-2.5
44.5
46.4
63.9
39.4
63.7
98.6
30.7
74.5
-.6
-.3
+2.8
+3.9
+2.9
+3.9
+3.3
-7.0
+.1
+1.1
-6.2
+1.0
-.9
+.7
+9.0
+1.1
78.5
77.4
67.2
73.8
77.3
92.7
70.1
118.5
165.0
68.6
61.4
119.4
48.6
63.7
78.1
63.1
101.7
99.8
151.4
40.4
104.1
62.4
54.4
84.7
122.4
139.7
264.7
82.4
86.0
84.9
73.8
60.7
110.0
274.2
75.4
+.2
+1.6
-1.6
+2.1
+.7
-3.3
+5.3
+1.3
+3.0
-6.3
-5.1
-3.9
-6.3
19.91
19.74
-5.7
-5.3
-3.4
-7.9
+1.3
21.40
19.57
23.87
19.67
26.15
25.68
24.12
23.12
-4.9
-6.4
16.34
16.34
22.23
13.93
17.81
20.47
21.77
18.13
19.64
16.81
14.58
17.65
15.15
18.78
16.35
16.73
17.10
16.96
15.77
18.99
13.70
17.22
15.41
24.30
24.22
25.21
32.11
22.27
15.14
17.40
24.67
28.89
27.54
25.76
23.46
+6.7
+8.3
+57.3
-.9
+5.6
- 3 . 8 +12.1
-2.4
+3.6
-3.4
+7.1
-2.7
+9.1
-2.2
+1.5
-5.0
+2.6
- 3 . 1 +10.0
-8.0
+4.7
-3.8
+5.8
+.6 +14.1
-10.4
+3.9
-10.2
+3.3
-14.5
+3.4
- 4 . 5 +10.0
+8.2 +16.2
-13.2
+5.9
+6.2 +1.3
- 5 . 3 +10.5
-9.1
+9.9
+.2
+8.5
+.7
+.2
_(3)
+.5
-1.0
+.1
-1.2
+2.7
+1.4
-2.9
-2.6
+6.2
+1.9
+1.8
-3.7
-8.6
-2.1
-4.5
-12.5
-16.0
-5.9
-.8
-3.5
+.7
+.9
+.7
-1.2
+4.5
+1.7
+4.3
+5.8
-.2
+3.1
+ (3)
+2.0
-2.1
-3.3
37.6
37.9
—7 7
—6. 3
39. /
37.0
36.3
36.5
38.0
35.7
34.9
36.8
-6.1
-8.9
-2.0
-5.8
+1.1
3
+(
)
-1.1
—1.4
+1.2
+5.3
- 12 . 2
()
+2. 2
-1.3
-1.0
-6.3
-3.5
53.3
52.4
54.0
53.7
64.5
53.1
68.8
72.2
68.8
62.4
+2.2
+1.1
+1.6
+2.9
+1.0
+1.0
-.4
+1.1
+2.5
+.1
+6:5
+2.1
+2.5
+1,5
+1.0
Nondurable goods
Textiles and their products
Fabrics
Carpets and rugs
Cotton goods
Cotton small waies
Dyeing and finishing textiles
Hats, fur-felt
Knit goods
Hosiery
Knitted outerwear
Knitted underwear
Knitted cloth
Silk and rayon goods
Woolen and worsted goods
Wearing apparel
Clothing, men's
Clothing, women's
Corsets and allied garments
Men's furnishings
Millinery
Shirts and collars
Leather and itr manufactures
Boots and shoes
Leather
Food and kindred products
Baking
Beverages
Butter
Canning and preserving
Confectionery..
Flour
Icecream
„
Slaughtering and meat packing
Sugar, beet
Sugar refining, cane__.
_
_
See footnotes a t end of table.
___
_.
_._
96.9
89.6
79.8
86.1
83.0
109.3
82.8
114.6
145.5
78.2
70.9
154.8
61.7
78.4
112.0
98.1
158.5
98.5
149.2
55.1
117.7
84.8
83.3
84.0
123.3
144.6
229.2
96.8
103.3
90.6
78.2
70.5
100.7
264.9
86.6
-6.4
-6.1
-7.5
—.4
0
-25.8
-1.3
-5.4
-7.3
+3.5
-4.2
+.2
-5.9
-.9
+.5
+.3
-9.7
-1.7
-.6
-.3
-6.5
-5.9
-8.8
+25.3
-2.8
-.2
-5.8
-1.3
+3.9
-10.0
-1.5
+1.1
+.6
+3.7
-3.3
-1.9
-.8
-1.9
-2.6
-29.8
-2.5
-4.6
-15.5
-4.4
+.8
-4.4
+3.5
+1.6
+1.0
-2.7
-.6
-1.6
-7.8
+3.2
-5.5
+1.2
+1.7
+2.0
— 1
+'.8
-10.2
-2.9
-1.2
-10.9
-2.1
-8.8
-3.1
+9.6
-16.1
-15. 7
-21.0
-4.9
+8.1
-35.6
+4.9
+6.4
+9.5
+52.3
+5.2
+12. S
+4.1
-2.9
+1.3
+1.0
+2.3
+2.8
-1.3
-3.6
+42.6
+1.0
+3.2
-2.3
+9.5
+18.9
-4.9
-.8
-10.3
-15.7
+11.6
+11.2
+3.7 +12.6
-3.1
-3.5
-1.5
+.2
-2.9
-3.7
-34.0
-7.3
-7.4
-4.6
-.1
+21.3
-4.9
-.8
-2.3
-17.9
-6.4
-5.3
-1.2
— 1.9
-2.0
-.6
-4.9
-1.5
-2.1
-6.0
-4.9
-8.1
-3.0
-2.2
-4.8
-3.4
-2.8
+19.4
+7.3
-.2
-2.3
+.5
-3.1
34.6
36.3
35.5
36.2
38.0
38.2
31.5
36.8
37.2
36.6
35.0
37.2
35.6
35.8
31.4
28.9
31.1
36.8
38.3
28.6
35.3
32.8
31.3
38.6
40.1
41.6
37.8
45.8
33. 5
37.8
41.6
44.9
40.5
51.2
37.7
-2.8
-1.8
-1.6
-1.5
-4.6
-3.0
00
(2)
+67.7
+14.8
+13.2
+ 10.7
+.8 +11.8
-2.4
+7.f
-.9
+6.1
-6.6
+1.7
- 3 2 +17. t
-8.5
+2.C
- 4 . 0 +10.2
C
+.5 +28.
2
-5.4
-8.8
-6.2
-5.2
()
-7.2
+3.9
+11.4
+4.1 +26.1
-13.0
+9.0
+1.3 +3.7
-7.0
(2)
-9.3
+5.7
—.1
+9.3
-2.2
(»)
-1.2
-1.9
-1.7
-10.9
-6.0
-7.6
-.3
—3.1
+21.5
-1.9
-.4
-2.7
+1.3
-2.5
-3.0
-5.5
-3.7
-1.7
+5.9
-10. 2
47.8
46.0
62.7
38.4
47.4
53.0
69.7
50.5
53.8
45. 9
41.5
46.9
42.1
52.6
51.0
57.2
50.5
46.0
38.0
66.3
38.9
53.3
50.8
62.9
61.2
61.1
85.7
48. 7
47.0
46.7
59.5
63.5
68.5
50.6
62.2
-1.6
+ .2
-.4
+;5-:
+1.3
+.5
+i.
7:
-.3
-.9
+2.3
+.1
+.6
3
+- .(1)
-3.6
-2.3
-7.6
+.4
+6. 2
+5,6
+4.9
tl
0
+2.4
+.8
+.6
+.8
+5.6
+.7
+1.1
+.6
~(3)
-1.7
-.3
-3.1
-7.9
-3.1
-7.1
-3.S
-3.3
-3.0
+1.4
-3.8
-1.7
-5.7
-11,0
(2)
-5.9
+.1
+.4
+2.9
+3,4
-4.1
C2)
-5. 5
-.3
+2.6
+2.6
+.6
+.4
+1.6
+2.9
-. 3
+1.1
+0.0
TABLE 3.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, November 1938—Continued
MANUFACTURING—Continued
Employment
Industry
Index,
November
1938
Pay rolls
Percentage
change from—
October
1938
November
Index,
November
1938
1937
Average weekly earnings
Average hours worked
per week
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
October
1938
November
November
1938
1937
October
1938
November
1937
November
1938
October
1938
November
1937
Nondurable goods—Continued
Tobacco manufactures
Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff
Cigars and cigarettes
...
Paper and printing
Boxes, paper
Paper and pulp
Printing and publishing:
Book and job
_.
Newspapers and periodicals
Chemicals and allied products, and petroleum
refining
Petroleum refining
__
Other than petroleum refining
Chemicals..
...
Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal
Druggists' preparations
__
Explosives
Fertilizers
_._
Paints and varnishes
_Rayon and allied products
Soap
Rubber products..
Rubber boots and shoes
Rubber tires and inner tubes
Rubber goods other
66.9
61.9
67.5
107.0
105.2
105.9
101.4
107.1
113.0
118.9
1H.6
117.2
116.3
109.7
82.8
78.5
112.4
312.8
88.9
82.4
63.4
66.1
133.6
-1.0
-4.2
-2.3
-4.5
59.8
69.1
58.5
103.3
110.0
103.0
-1.5
+9.2
-3.0
-2.4
-3.3
+1.7
-6.2
-2.4
89.1
109.4
-9.2
-6.8
-9.8
-11.3
-19.7
-6.0
-8.1
-6.2
-9.2
-10.4
-4.0
-9.0
-12.7
-15.1
119.1
133.6
114.6
128.1
100.1
119.6
91.7
65.2
113.8
302.7
88.3
85.2
60.6
75.3
130.7
+.9
-.9
-.5
+.1
+1.4
+2.3
+1.1
+1.8
+1.0
-.4
+7.3
-.5
-.3
+2.1
-4.8
-.5
-1.5
-1.3
-.5
-.5
-4.5
+6.0
+5.4
+4.0
+8.3
+.7
-3.2
-2.4
-2.4
+1.8
-3.1
-1.8
-4.6
-4.3
+5.6
-.8
16.55
17.47
16.33
27.48
21.34
23.81
+1.2
+4.1
+3.8
+1.4
+.6
-8.5
-1.5
29.22
36.84
—.4
-2.5
-.8
+6.9
+3.6
28.26
34.86
25.41
30.22
13.11
24. 54
30.45
15.38
27.34
23.74
28.29
27.58
21.88
32.77
23.09
-
3
+(
)
-6.8
-8.3
-5.6
-9.3
-10.3
-20.2
-4.7
-11. 7
-14.8
-6.8
-10.4
-5.4
-.4
+.6
-1.4
_(3)
-3.8
-3.5
-5.0
-7.0
-2.2
-1.8
+9.1
+6.6
+4.8
-4.4
-3.1
-11.6
+5.7
+6.5
-3.3
4
+1.0
5
+ 1.1
+1.3
+.6
+1.1
-.6
+2.4
-3.2
+L2
— 1.1
-2.1
+1.1
-3.0
-3.5
-5.8
-1.7
-8.9
+2.9
+.6
3
+(
)
-1.5
+.8
+13.9
+1.3
+217
+5.8
—2.4
-6.8
+4.9
-1.6
Average hourly earnings
November
1938
-3.8
-2.3
-4.0
-2.2
-4.0
-4.2
+3.0
+6.5
Cents
46.2
51.3
45.6
76.2
53.3
61.3
37.1
36.4
-.9
-.6
-4.8
-1.2
79.8
98.5
(2)
_(3)
74.4
97.9
65.7
77.6
28.8
59.2
80.2
45.4
69.5
64.1
74.6
75.6
59.7
95.2
59.5
37.8
35.8
38.6
38.9
44.7
38.7
38.0
33.9
39.4
37.0
38.0
36.7
36.6
34.5
39.2
-2.3
+1.0
-3.4
-2.2
-13.0
-3.8
-3.3
-7.4
-1.7
(*)
- 5a . 4
()
2
( )
+.5
-16.8
-.6
-4.2
-11.2
+.1
+1.6
+.3
+.2
()
-3.5
-5.3
+4.2
-1.9
- 22 . 7
+2.6
+26.9
+8.5
October
1938
35.8
34.2
35.9
37.9
40.4
38.9
+2.9
Percentage
change from—*
+.9
+4.3
+.5
+.2
-.7
-.1
+.3
+.6
+.8
+.1
+1.2
+.1
+15.2
+.4
-.2
+1.5
+.1
+.4
+1.2
3
()
-1.6
+.8
+.4
November
1937
(a)
+2.7
+1.9
(8)
+.8
-2.4
+2.3
+2.5
(')
+1.0
(*)
+.5
+18.6
+1.1
+.4
+3.2
+1.2
-.2
+1.1
(*)
-1.4
-1.5
-2.3
NONMANUFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 12-month average, 1929=100]
o
^
00
|
g
1
Coal mining: 4
Anthracite
Bituminous 4
Metalliferrous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining
Crude-petroleum producing
Public utilities:
I
Telephone and telegraph s
00
Electric
light and power and manufactured
gas 5
--Electric-railroad5 and motorbus operation and
maintenance
Trade:
Wholesale^
Retails
General merchandising»
Other than general
merchandising «
456
Hotels (year-round)
Laundries 4 -.Dyeing and cleaning 4
Brokerage s_
Insurance 5
Building construction
51.0
88.6
61.4
44.4
68.1
36.2
81.4
51.6
37.2
62.8
$23.14
24.56
25.96
21.15
33.50
-11.7
+2.3
+2.3
-5.1
-1.5
-26.1
-10.7
-27.9
-10.9
-10.7
-14.3
+4.0
+4.8
-2.0
-16.3
-12.7
-18.5
-10.9
-11.8
-16.5
+1.6
+6.0
+.2
74.4
-.5
-5.7
93.0
-2.5
+1.7
30.98
-2.0
-2.6
+.6
92.0
-.6
-5.4
98.6
-1.3
-5.1
33. 71
T
69.5
-.6
-5.0
68.8
-.3
-4.3
32.36
+.3
89.8
87.0
105.4
82.2
92.4
93.7
102.6
7
+.8
+1.0
+4.7
_(3)
-4.0
-5.1
-4.0
-5.3
-4.3
-4.2
75.3
71.6
93.1
67.2
81.1
79.3
73.8
+.3
+.8
+3.7
+.1
+.4
-3.8
-4.9
—4.2
-5.0
-3.8
-2.2
29.22
21.26
18.00
23.97
14.96
17. 30
19.63
36.36
36.02
28.95
-.4
-.2
-.5
D
-3^9
-.9
+.8
-11.4
-4.2
-25.0
-.3
-5.4
+1.3
87 +1.6
-8.4
(0
(
)
1 Average weekly earnings are computed from figures furnished by all reporting estab()
(7)
-.2
+.2
-15.6
-2.4
-27.1
+2.3
lishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data supplied
by a smaller number of establishments, as all reporting firms do not furnish man-hours.
Thefiguresare not strictly comparable from month to month because of changes in the
size and composition of the reporting sample. Hours and earnings for all manufacturing
industries now relate to 87 industries instead of 89 which were covered in the July and
prior issues of the pamphlet. The 2 industries excluded are electric- and steam-railroad
repair shops. The averages for the durable goods group have also been affected by this
exclusion.
See text in section headed, "Employment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings."
2
Not yet computed.
-1.1
-5.3
3
4
-1.0
+.1
+.9
+.5
-1.5
+.8
+1.6
-4.4
-11.5
_(3)
+1.3
+7.9
+.4
+.8
+.2
+.1
-.2
+.3
+.5
+2.0
+1.1
-4.8
-4.6
-3.3
Cents
91.7
87.9
68.2
55.7
85.6
-0.8
+1.6
+1.4
+2.8
+2.3
+2.8
+3.3
+3.8
82.5
-.1
-1.9
85.0
-.4
24.9
28.0
38.3
38.2
39.2
-13.5
-13.2
+3.2
+3.6
39.1
-1.8
39.8
+.3
45.0
+.7
-2.5
71.1
-.3
42.0
42.4
39.0
43.5
47.1
41.7
41.3
7
-1.1
- 1 . 9<-T
- 17 . 2
69.4
53.9
47.5
56.1
31.6
41.6
48.6
7
31.9
-5.7
+.2
+.1
+^5
+.1
0
+.6
7
(7)
()
+1.4
()
(7)
-2.4
-7,1
-1.8
o
-.2
+.8
+.4
()
(7)
-9.1
-2.6
-2.2
+L2
-1.1
-1.5
-.2
+.6
(77)
()
-4.8
()
(7)
90.7
-.5
IJ
-.4
-2.4
+3.3
+2.3
+3.3
+.9
+1.8
-1.6
+2.7
+1.8
+2.6
+.1
(7)
()
+1.7
Less than Mo of 1 percent.
Indexes adjusted to 1935 census. Comparable series back to January 1929 presented
in January 1938 issue of this pamphlet.
s Average weekly earnings, hourly earnings, and hours not strictly comparable with
figures published in pamphlets prior to January 1938 as they now exclude corporation
officers,
executives, and other employees whose duties are mainly supervisory.
6
Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
7
Not available.
CO
TABLE 4.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonrnanufacturing Industries
MANUFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 3-year average, 1Q23-25*1OO, and are adjusted to 1935 Census of Manufactures. Not comparable to indexes published in pamphlets prior to August 1938
Comparable series available upon request!
Employment index
Industry
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Durable goods
Iron and steel and their products, not including
machinery
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills..
Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets
Cast-iron pipe
Cutlery (not including silver and plated cutlery) and edge tools
Forgings, iron and steel
_._...
. ...
Hardware
. .
Plumbers' supplies
Stamped and enameled ware
Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and
steam fittings
Stoves
Structural and ornamental metal work
Tin cans and other tinware
Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools,
files, and saws)
W irework
Machinery, not including transportation equipment
Agricultural implements (including tractors)..
Cash registers, adding machines, and calculating machines
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies.
Engines, turbines, water wheels, and windmills
Average hours worked
per week *
Average hourly
earnings i
Sep- Novem- October Sep- NovemNovem- October Sep- Novem
Sep- NovemSepber
ber October tember
ber
ber October tember
ber October tember
1938 tember
1938 tember
1938
1938
All manufacturing
Average weekly
earnings i
Pay-roll index
1938
1938
1938
1938
1938
$23. 98 $23. 32
36.5
37.4
36.9
Cents
64.5
Cents
63.7
Cents
63.2
27.01
21.36
25.80
21.33
36.5
66.4
37.4
37.4
36.0
37.5
72.4
58.0
71.0
57.9
70.8
57.7
26.72
28. 64
25.69
19.71
26.13
27.11
24.42
19.54
24.59
25.25
22.82
19.77
35.1
33.8
37.1
33.9
34.9
32.2
35.0
34.1
33.0
30.0
32.5
34.2
75.7
84.1
69.5
58.0
75.3
84.0
69.9
56.9
75.3
83.9
70.5
57.4
67.5
37.7
65.7
59.6
119.9
23.11
26.82
26.79
21. 34
24.08
23.22
26.94
26.32
24.14
24.88
21.88
25.45
23.86
23.21
23.67
39.0
36.0
39.0
32.0
38.0
39.3
36.3
38.8
36.1
40.0
36.9
34.5
36.3
35.0
37.9
60.2
74.6
68.9
66.6
63.2
59.7
74.3
68.0
66.7
62.1
60.1
73.9
65.8
66.3
62.6
59.0
75.7
50.5
89.2
53.3
69.2
49.7
103.0
23.27
23.55
26.07
22.50
24.98
26.98
26.12
22.50
23.00
25.71
25.93
22.85
33.9
35.5
36.0
37.3
36.3
41.0
36. 3
37.3
33.3
39.4
35.8
38.2
68.9
66.7
72.5
60.7
69.0
66.2
72.0
60.6
69.1
65.9
72.6
59.9
75.8
180.2
71.9
156.1
67.4
134.2
23.24
26.39
23.11
25.65
22.28
25.31
38.0
38.8
38.2
37.9
36.4
36.9
61.2
68.1
60.8
68.0
61.5
68.7
85.5
90.3
83.9
95.0
81.9
92.4
25.57
26.55
36.2
34.3
72.0
79.4
119.7
80.4
28.43
26.71
28.62
26.07
35.0
36.7
35.3
35.3
82.3
73.0
71.7
77.7
82.2
73.2
72.1
77.1
81.8
73.7
83.4
83.1
91.6
119.7
78.0
90.4
36.3
35.2
34.9
36.5
35.4
34.6
136.4
77.4
26.07
27.08
28.57
26.69
26.07
27.11
136.1
80.7
78.6
87.1
120.8
73.0
90.0
28.35
28.01
28.00
36.2
35.8
35.6
78.6
78.5
78.8
90.5
89.5
88.8
84.1
83.8
81.0
$23.82
82.2
98.3
79.0
99.4
75.3
101.6
78.3
90.5
75.2
93.4
68.7
94.9
27.14
20.84
86.8
90.3
90.0
65.7
84.1
86.6
84.9
65.4
81.7
85.1
81.9
64.6
79.1
81.8
90.6
54.5
74.8
73.8
81.0
53.8
68.6
67.6
73.1
53.8
82.6
47.9
84.4
73.0
133.4
80.2
45.6
79.5
73.1
128.7
77.7
43.5
66.9
73.2
121.6
75.5
44.6
93.2
54. 9
133.5
73.6
41.9
86.3
62.0
133.3
69.1
78.9
60.7
84.6
71.3
83.1
61.1
86.2
69.8
79.7
60.5
97.6
53.3
62.7
50.1
87.5
80.9
164.6
77.0
146.5
74.8
127.9
89.5
96.6
135.4
83.2
87.2
93.7
83.5
Foundry and machine-shop products..
Machine tools
Radios and phonographs
Textile machinery and parts
Typewriters and parts
Transportation equipment
._
..
Aircraft
Automobiles
Cars, electric- and steam-railroad
Locomotives
Shipbuilding
Nonferrous metals and their products
Aluminum manufactures
Brass, bronze, and copper products
Clocks and watches and time-recording devices
Jewelry
...
Lighting equipment
Silverware and plated ware
Smelting and refining—copper, lead, and zinc.
Lumbcr and allied products
Furniture
Lumber:
Millwork
Sawmills
.
Stone, clay, and glass products
Brick, tile, and terra cotta..
Cement
Glass
..
Marble, granite, slate, and other products
Pottery...
26.66
27.28
21.66
25.89
25.53
26.77
26.34
21.09
20.77
25. 02
26.87
22.21
23.56
22. 85
32.64
29.87
33.81
25.48
22.13
30.60
25.14
26.04
26.32
20.66
23.87
25.31
25.56
25.95
21.31
21.50
35.8
36.3
38.5
36.6
37.9
37,1
40.2
37.5
32.7
31i7
34.5
38.7
40.4
38.3
37.2
39.2
37.6
42.4
37.9
37.6
37.9
36.0
36.8
39.1
36.6
38.0
38.6
40.4
38.7
34.7
29.2
36.9
39.7
40.1
38.5
37.7
45.2
38.7
41.5
38.2
41.0
40.5
35.2
36.3
37.5
35.5
35.4
36.4
40. 1
36.3
34.9
29.0
36.5
37.8
38.8
36.9
36.3
41.0
38.1
39.5
37.7
40.3
39.9
71.3
73.8
58.2
67.9
64.4
90.6
75.1
93.2
74.0
76.5
83.8
66.2
65.5
71.0
57.9
57.6
67.7
64.9
68.8
53.3
52.4
70.9
73.8
57.7
66.0
64.6
87.8
75.5
90.6
73.9
75.9
83.2
65.9
66.5
70.9
57.5
56.3
65.9
64.5
68.9
52.0
51.8
71.0
74.1
59.4
66.6
64.6
89.7
75.1
93.3
73.0
76.4
83.7
66.1
67.2
71.3
56.9
57.4
66.5
64.6
68.8
52.6
52.4.
21.40
19.57
23.87
19.67
26.15
25.68
24.12
23.12
22.40
20.94
23.97
20.37
26.02
25.47
23.99
23.41
22.17
20.88
23.00
19.77
25.96
24.13
24.31
21.40
39.7
37.0
36.3
36.5
38.0
35.7
34.9
36.8
42.4
40.9
37.1
38.8
37.8
35.6
35.1
37.2
41.6
40.3
36.2
38.0
37.4
34.3
35.7
35.7
54.0
53.7
64.5
53.1
68.8
72.2
68.8
62.4
52.8
52.0
64.0
52.6
69.2
71.6
67.5
62.6
53.4
52.5
63.2
51.6
69.4
70.7
67.1
62.4
16.34
16. 34
22.23
13.93
17.81
20.47
21.77
18.13
19.64
16.81
14.58
17.65
15.15
18.78
16.35
16.73
17.10
16.96
17.00
16.65
22. 78
14.04
18.56
20.99
22.13
18.68
20.13
17.91
15.06
18.99
15.83
18.75
18.01
18.68
19.94
17.75
17.03
16.43
22.15
13.83
17.89
20.85
26. 85
18.11
19.60
17.27
14.39
19.06
15.99
18.39
18.68
19.33
20.69
16.54
34.6
36.3
35.5
36.2
38.0
38.2
31.5
36.8
37.2
36.6
35.0
37.2
35.6
35.8
31.4
28.9
31.1
36.8
35.5
37.0
36.0
36.8
39.9
39.2
31.2
37.7
37.5
39.2
36.1
40.8
37.2
35.6
33.1
31.4
33.0
38.8
35.4
36.3
35.0
36.2
38.8
38.6
36.4
36.4
36.2
38.2
34.6
40.8
35.7
35.0
33.9
32.3
34.0
36.2
47.8
46.0
62.7
38.4
47.4
53.0
69.7
50.5
53.8
45.9
41.5
46.9
42.1
52.6
51.0
57.2
50.5
46.0
48.6
45.9
63.2
38.2
46.9
53.0
67.2
50.9
54.4
45.4
42.2
46.0
42.2
52.7
53.1
59.1
54.8
45.8
49.2
46.2
63.3
38.3
46.4
53.4
71.1
51.1
54.9
44.8
41.6
47. 6
44.5
52.7
53.9
59.4
55.4
45.7
78.9
117.6
118.8
64.2
128.9
91.6
814.9
101.9
26.3
16.9
96.6
95.5
143.2
100.5
85.0
101.0
91.6
66.5
71.1
65.3
79.9
77.5
115.8
108. 0
61.3
125.3
79.4
785.8
86.3
25.3
16.1
92.1
92.2
142.4
96.4
83.6
100.3
85.4
64.0
66.4
65.7
79.7
77.7
114.2
93.5
59.9
121.6
63.7
755.5
64.9
27.4
16.1
89.9
87.9
136.3
92.7
79.9
96.0
76.2
59.8
65.4
65.8
79.0
70.6
110.8
106.9
61.3
130.9
95.9
799.0
107.6
23.1
12.8
94.2
90.3
148.0
99.8
87.6
82.7
83.4
66.1
65.8
56.2
65.0
69.4
110.5
97.9
56.5
128. 1
83.8
780.8
91.3
23.5
11.1
95.1
88.5
148. 4
96.2
85.6
91.8
78.1
62.4
62.2
60.0
68.4
68.1
107.8
83.5
54. 1
115.7
64.7
727.2
66.3
25.3
11.1
92.3
81.4
138.8
89. 1
78.1
81.4
69.2
55.6
60.3
60.0
68. 1
25.58
26.78
22.40
24.83
24.39
33.64
29.81
34.89
24.21
24.30
29.05
25.62
26.44
27.14
21.57
22.81
25.43
27.39
26.03
19.91
19.74
25.54
27. 12
22.53
24.09
24.55
33.88
30.79
34.98
25.62
22.14
30.75
54.9
52.3
71.6
52.4
67.8
92.1
42.9
80.0
54.0
53.1
70.1
52.0
70.1
87.5
42.3
77.7
54.0
53.5
67.8
51.2
68.0
82.1
43.0
74.8
44.5
46.4
63.9
39.4
63.7
98.6
30.7
74.5
46.0
50.4
63.0
40.6
65.4
92.9
30.1
73.2
45.5
50.6
58.3
38.6
63.4
82.6
31.3
63.9
96.9
89.6
79.8
86.1
83.0
109.3
82.8
114.6
145.5
78.2
70.9
154.8
61.7
78.4
112.0
98.1
158.5
98.5
97.5
87.2
76.7
83.7
79.9
105.8
89.1
114.5
143.9
83.3
70.2
156.3
61.2
71.9
119.6
104.5
171.4
98.9
97.9
86.6
72.7
83.2
76.4
104.1
90.0
111.8
140.7
80.1
69.1
150.3
63.2
72. 7
122.1
107.5
177.1
97.3
78.5
77.4
67.2
73.8
77.3
92.7
70.1
AS. 5
165.0
68.6
61.4
119.4
48.6
63.7
78.1
63.1
101.7
99.8
83.1
76.5
66.0
72.4
77.4
92.0
78.0
122.1
167.0
77.0
62.7
131.0
50.2
58.1
93.0
74.9
128.8
104.8
84.0
74.7
60.8
71.0
71.1
89.5
95.0
116.0
159.1
71.6
59.3
128.1
50.6
57.5
99.5
80.1
137.6
96.1
26. 06
Nondurable goods
Textiles and their products
Fabrics
Carpets and rugs
. ..
Cotton goods
Cotton small wares
Dyeing andfinishingtextiles..
Hats, fur-felt
Knit goods
Hosiery
Knitted outerwear
Knitted underwear.
Knitted cloth
Silk and rayonr goods
Woolen and w orsted goods
Wearing apparel
Clothing, men's
Clothing, women's
Corsets and allied garments.
See footnotes at end of table.
TABLE 4.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries—Continued
MANUFACTURING-Continued
Employment index
Industry
Average weekly
earnings
Pay-roll index
Average hours worked
per week
Average hourly
earnings
Sep- Novem- October SepNovem- October Sep- Novem- October Sep- Novem- October Sep- November
ber October tember
ber
bei
tember
ber
1938 tember
1938 tember
1938 tember
1938
1938
151.4
40.4
104.1
62.4
54.4
84.7
122.4
139.7
264.7
82.4
86.0
84.9
73.8
60.7
110.0
274.2
75.4
59.8
69.1
58.5
103.3
110.0
103.0
140.1
62.7
99.3
69.6
64.5
81.7
126.9
139.5
272.6
85.6
130.3
91.6
79.7
63.7
110.0
226.1
79.3
60.7
63.3
60.3
103.7
112.7
106.5
124.9
91.6
97.4
74.0
70.9
78.9
136.7
143.5
297.6
90.0
238.1
90.9
81.2
70.1
108.7
1938
1938
1938'
1938
1938
1938
Nondurable goods—Continued
Textiles and their products—Continued.
Wearing apparel—Continued.
Men's furnishings
Millinery
Shirts and collars
Leather and its manufactures
Boots and shoes
_
Leather
_.. __.
Food and kindred products
Baking
Beverages
Butter
Canning and preserving
_
Confectionery
Flour
Ice cream
SI aughtering and meat packing
Sugar, beet
Sugar refining, cane
.
Tobacco manufactures
Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff
Cigars and cigarettes
Paper and printing
Boxes, paper
Paper and pulp
Printing and publishing:
Book and job
Newspapers and period icals
Chemicals and allied products, and petroleum
refining
Petroleum refining
Other than petroleum refining
Chemicals
Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal
Druggists' preparations
149.2
74.2
119.2
89.6
89.9
81.2
128.7
144.3
233.6
99.4
147.3
93.0
77.5
73.8
97.4
260.7
89.0
57.7
67.4
105.5
102.8
104.8
138.1
79.3
117.9
92.3
93.8
78.6
142.7
145.6
250.3
103.7
272.0
87.9
77.2
83.4
95.5
100.2
92.7
66.3
62.6
66.8
104.3
98.8
104.0
101.4
107.1
99.6
106.0
98.9
105.1
89.1
109.4
87.9
108.7
88.2
106.4
29.22
36.84
113.0
118.9
111.6
117.2
116.3
109.7
113.4
119.5
111.9
114.8
122.1
110.3
113.0
121.0
111.1
112.5
113.5
109.6
119.1
133.6
114.6
128.1
100.1
119.6
120.1
132.8
116.2
128.1
104.0
123.9
118.9
134.6
114.1
121.4
95.1
118.6
28.26
34.86
25.41
30.22
13.11
24.54
68.3
97.3
84.8
61.0
71.8
59.6
101.1
105.4
101.5
Cents
38.0
66.3
38.9
53.3
50.8
62.9
81.2
61.1
85.7
48.7
47.0
46.7
59.5
63.5
68.5
50.6
62.2
46.2
51.3
45.6
76.2
53.3
61.3
Cents
36.4
62.3
37.0
53.0
50.6
63.0
59.8
60.9
85.5
48.3
44.9
45.9
58.7
63.5
68.5
51.4
62.3
45.6
49.3
45.2
76.4
53.2
61.3
Cents
35.7
69.0
36.5
52.4
50.1
62.9
57.6
61.0
85.4
48.3
42.5
46.2
59.9
60.7
68.6
61.7
61.0
45.8
50.7
45.3
76.5
53.8
61.3
37.5
36.2
79.8
98.5
79.9
99.1
80.0
98.8
38.3
35.3
39.5
38.3
50.8
39.4
74.4
97.9
65.7
77.6
28.8
59.2
73.8
97.6
64.8
77.5
25.2
58.9
74.4
98.4
65.3
78.1
25.3
58.7
$14.17
28.29
12.69
18.98
17.87
24.24
23.43
25.86
33.12
22.76
15.83
19.22
27.72
28.19
28.66
25.00
24.59
16.96
17.97
16.72
27.91
21.74
23.92
38.3
28.6
35.3
32.8
31.3
38.6
40.1
41.6
37.8
45.8
33.5
37.8
41.6
44.9
40.5
51.2
37.7
35.8
34.2
35.9
37.9
40.4
38.9
36.7
33.9
34.7
35.3
34.6
38.5
41.0
42.0
38.5
46.6
37.3
40.2
45.2
45.1
41.8
43.7
38.5
37.1
35.0
37.4
38.6
42.2
40.6
34.9
40.1
34.9
36.8
36.3
38.7
41.3
42.8
39.2
46.9
38.3
42.1
46.1
46.0
41.9
41.3
40.3
37.1
35.5
37.2
38.0
40.8
39.1
29.35
37.25
29.68
37.26
37.1
36.4
37.3
36.5
28.41
34.45
25.79
30.88
13.04
25.31
28.36
34.58
25.70
29.90
12.93
24.40
37.8
35.8
38.6
38.9
44.7
38.7
38.7
35.5
39.9
39.8
51.3
40.3
$15. 77 $14.85
21.92
18.99
12.84
13.70
18.32
17.22
16.97
15.41
24.23
24.30
24.15
24.22
25.30
25.21
32.50
32.11
22.52
22.27
16.07
15.14
18.23
17.40
26.88
24.67
28.89 29.33
27.54 28.51
22.22
25.76
23.96
23.46
16.84
16.55
17.17
17.47
16.77
16.33
28.14
27.48
22.29
21.34
24.85
23.81
149.2
55.1
117.7
84.8
83.3
84.0
123.3
144.6
229.2
96.8
103.3
90.6
78.2
70.5
100.7
264.9
86.6
68.9
61.9
67.5
107.0
105.2
105.9
Explosives
Fertilizers
Paints and varnishes
Rayon and allied products
Soap
Rubber products
Rubber boots and shoes
Rubber tires and inner tubes.,
Rubber goods, other
82.8
78.5
112.4
312.8
88.9
82.4
63.4
66.1
133.6
84.1
79.5
112.9
314.4
93.2
77.7
60.1
63.5
123.3
84.9
82.1
112.5
315.2
92.6
75.9
58.0
61.9
121.0
91.7
65.2
113.8
302.7
88.3
85.2
60.6
75.3
130.7
96.5
70.1
116.3
302.6
94.8
79.7
61.6
69.1
122.6
93.1
77.4
114.5
308.2
94.6
76.7
57.7
67.3
116.6
30.45
15.38
27.34
23.74
28.29
27.58
21.88
32.77
23.09
30.16
17 58
27.70
24.02
29.10
26.91
22.79
31.27
22.73
38.0
33.9
39.4
37.0
38.0
36.7
36.6
34.5
39.2
39.4
36.7
40.1
37.0
39.4
38.6
38.7
33.1
40.0
37.7
38.3
39.7
37.7
39.7
35.9
37.7
33.0
38.5
80.2
45.4
69.5
64.1
74.6
75.6
59.7
95.2
59.5
80.3
44.8
69.4
63.9
73.7
75.6
60.7
94.4
59.2
80.1
45.9
69.9
63.8
73.5
76.8
60.5
94.6
59.4
$26.99 $20. 64
23.84
22.86
26. 52 26.04
22.37
21.68
33.81
34.38
24.9
28.0
38.3
38.2
39.2
28.8
26.8
39.5
40.9
39.7
22.1
26.0
39.0
40.6
40.2
Cents
91.7
87.9
68.2
55.7
85.6
Centp
92 5
88.7
67 5
54.4
83.9
Cents
91 1
88.2
67 0
53.5
83.8
31.62
16.41
27.83
23.63
28.98
27.27
23.48
31. 25
23.43
NONMANUFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 12-rronth average, 1929=100]
Coal mining: 2
Anthracite
Bituminous2
_ Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining.
_.
Crude-petroleum producing
Public utilities:
Telephone and telegraph '
__ _
Electric light and power and manufactured
Electric-railroad and"
motorbus operation
and maintenance 3
Trade:
3
Wholesale
_..
3
Retail
General merchandising 3
Other than general
merchandising 3
23
Hotels (year-round)
* .
_. _
2
Laundries
Dyeing and3 5cleaning 2
_ _ _
Brokerage
Insurance3 5_ _
_ _ _ _
Building construction 5
51.0
88.6
61.4
44.4
68.1
52.4
87.2
57.9
44.4
69.5
74.4
74.7
92.0
92.5
69.5
69.9
89.8
87.0
105.4
82.2
92.4
93.7
102.6
89.1
86.1
100.7
82.3
92.9
94.4
106.8
-.2
-4.2
+3.2
+.8
-.9
-.5
46.4
83.4
55.2
44.6
71.5
74.9
92.5
69.3
88.5
85.0
98.2
81.5
91.8
96.5
107.8
—1.4
+.6
-.4
36.2
81.4
51.6
37.2
62.8
43.4
78.3
49.2
39.2
63.7
29.4
71.9
46.1
38.4
66.5
$23.14
24.56
25.96
21.15
33.50
93.0
95.3
92.6
30.98
31.57
30.72
39.1
39.8
39.1
82.5
82.7
81.6
98.6
99. G
98.4
33.71
33.72
33.19
39.8
39.8
39.8
85.0
84 5
83 4
68.8
68.9
68.4
32.36
32.23
32.27
45.0
44.7
44.8
71.1
71 2
71 3
75.3
71.6
93.1
67.2
81.1
79.3
73.8
75.1
71.1
89.7
67.2
80.8
79.5
78.0
-f 1. 2
74.3
69.7
86.8
66.1
78.9
81.4
81.7
— 1.2
-.8
-.5
29.22
21 26
18.00
23.97
14.96
17 30
19.63
36.36
36.02
28.95
29.70
21 04
17.62
24.04
15.01
17 24
19.91
35.76
35.56
30.19
29.35
20 81
17. 58
23.71
14.81
17 05
20.85
34 82
35.18
29.66
42.0
42.4
39.0
43.5
47.1
41.7
41.3
42.3
42.4
39.0
43.5
46.7
41.4
42.1
42.1
42.2
38.6
43.4
46.4
41 9
43.5
69.4
53 9
47.5
56.1
31 6
41 6
48 6
70 6
53 8
48.1
55.7
31 9
41 8
47 9
70 3
53 3
48.2
54.9
31 6
41 3
48 3
31.9
33.8
32.9
90.7
89.4
(*)
90.3
+1.6
+1.3
-8.4
+.2
+5.0
1 Average weekly earnings are computed fromfiguresfurnished by all reporting establishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data supplied
by a smaller number of establishments, as all reporting firms do not furnish man-hours.
Thefiguresare not strictly comparable from month to month because of changes in the
size and composition of the reporting sample. Hours and earnings for all manufacturing
industries now relate to 87 industries instead of 89 which were covered in the July and
prior issues of the pamphlet. The 2 industries excluded are electric- and steam-railroad
repair shops. The averages for the durable goods group have also been affected by this
exclusion. See text in section headed, "Employment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings."
2
Indexes adjusted to 1935 census. Comparable series back to January 1929 presented
in3January 1938 issue of this publication.
Average weekly earnings, hourly earnings, and hours not strictly comparable with
figures published in pamphlets prior to January 1938 as they now exclude corporation
officers,
executives, and other employees whose duties are mainly supervisory.
4
Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
6
Indexes of employment and pay rolls are not available; percentage changes from preceding
month substituted.
6
fcNot_available.
18
INDEXES OF EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS
Indexes of employment and pay rolls are given in table 5 for all
manufacturing industries combined, for the durable- and nondurablegoods groups of manufacturing industries, and for 13 nonmanufacturing industries, including 2 subgroups under retail trade, by months,
from November 1937 to November 1938, inclusive. The accompanying chart indicates the trend of factory employment and pay rolls
from January 1919 to November 1938.
The indexes of factory employment and pay rolls are computed from
returns supplied by representative manufacturing establishments in
87 manufacturing industries and relate to wage earners only. Formerly 89 manufacturing industries were covered in the Bureau's
monthly survey, but two of these—electric- and steam-railroad repair
shops—are now excluded. The base used in computing the indexes
is the 3-year average 1923-25 as 100. In November 1938 reports
were received from 25,422 manufacturing establishments employing
4,237,795 workers, whose weekly earnings were $100,963,723. The
employment reports received from these establishments cover more
than 55 percent of the total wage earners in all manufacturing industries of the country and more than 65 percent of the wage earners
in the 87 industries included in the monthly survey of the Bureau of
Labor Statistics.
The indexes for the nonmanufacturing industries are based on the
12-month average for 1929 as 100. Figures for mining, laundries,
dyeing and cleaning, and building construction cover wage earners
only, but the figures for public utilities, trade, hotels, brokerage, and
insurance relate to all employees, except corporation officers, executives, and other employees whose duties are mainly supervisory. For
crude-petroleum producing they cover wage earners and clerical
field force.
Data for both manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries are
based on reports of the number of employees and amount of pay rolls
for the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month.
EMPLOYMENT & PAY ROLLS
ALL MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
//H/er A'umiers
/20
100
80
/A/1
K
4 I4 V
t
j
\
i
60
40
A/
120
fa
y
ploy ment
p 'ay!lolls
-A
\V
A.
/
Vf
V
k
J
/OO
80
60
40
20
20
u
h</erA/ f</m6ers
1923-25=100
/40
19/9 1920 192/ /922 1923 1924 /9251926 /927/928 1929 1930 193/ 1932 /933 /934 19351936 1937 1938 1939 1940
UNITED STATES BUREAU OF LABOR
STATISTICS
20
TABLE 5.—Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in Selected Manufacturing l and Non~
manufacturing 2 Industries, November 1937 to November 1938, Inclusive
Employment
1938
1937
Industry
Avg. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug.
Sept. Oct. Nov.
1937
Manufacturing
All industries
Durable goods 3
Nondurable goods 4
Nonma nufacturing
105.8 101.1 94.5 87.8 88.2 87.7 85.7 83.4 81.6 81.9 85.7 88.8 89.5 90.5
104.0 100.8 91.7 81.7 80.1 79.3 77.0 75.0 72.4 70.3 71.7 75.3 79.0 82.2"
107.6 101.4 97.2 93.7 95.9 95.8 94.0 91.5 90.3 92.9 99.0 101.6 99.4 98.3
60.2 60.9 61.4
Anthracite mining
Bituminous-coal mining. __ 99.3 101.4 99.4
Metalliferous mining
76.8 75.4 70.4
Quarrying and nonmetallic
51.4 49.9 43. <?
mining
Crude-petroleum produc76.5 77.2 76.5
ing...
Telephone and telegraph.. 77.8 78.9 78.0
Electric light and power,
and manufactured gas... 95.6 97.3 96.1
Electric-railroad and motorbus operation ard
maintenance«
._ 73.1 73.2 72.8
Wholesale trade.. _
- 92.0 93.5 93.3
89.8 91.7 100.4
Retail trade..
General merchandising
. 104.3 109.8 145. S
Other than general
85.9 86.9 88.5
merchandising
94.9 96.6 94.9
Year-round hotels
100.6 97.8 97.0
Laundries
107.5 103.5 99.2
Dyeing and cleaning
59.6 60.0 59.3 57.0 52.8 56.0 44.6 37.6 46.4 52.4 51. 0»
96.9 95.5 93.2 85.8 82.2 80.2 78.5 80.1 83.4 87.2 88.6
67.4 63.6 62.3 61.6 58.8 56.0 49.7 51.4 55.2 57.9 61.4
38.2 37.8 38.9 41.7 43.7 43.6 44.1 44.6 44.6 44.4 44.4
75.3 74.2 73.6 73.8 73.2 72.8 72.3 72.4 71.5 69.5 68.1
77.8 75.7 74.9 74.8 75.0 74.8 74.9 74.8 74.9 74.7 74.4
93.8 92.6 92.0 91.8 91.7 92.2 92.3 92.7 92.5 92.5 92. 0'
72.3 71.2 70.8 71.1 70.6 70.4 70.1 69.5 69.3 69.9 69.5
91.0 90.4 ?9.1 88.5 87.3 87.2 86.8 87.6 88.5 89.1 89.8
82.4 83 0 88.2 83.8 83.6 81.1 80.0 85.0 86.1 87.0*
91.5 88.8 90.5 101.0 92.4 91.9 87.9 86.4 98.2 100.7 105.4
82.1
94.3
96.8
96.8
80.7
94.5
95.7
95.6
81.0
93.4
94.8
98.5
84.9
93.5
95.4
111.8
81.5
93.7
96.2
109.9
81.4
92.2
96.6
110.8
79.3
90.7
97.8
108.6
78.3
90.4
97.5
105.0
81.5
91.8
96.5
107.8
82.3
92.9
94.4
106.8
82.2'
92.4
93.7
102. 6-
P a y rolls
Manufacturing
All industries
Durable goods 3
Nondurable goods 4 —
Nonmanufacturing
Anthracite mining
Bituminous-coal mining...
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining
Crude-petroleum producing
Telephone and telegraph..
Electric light and power,
and manufactured gas...
Electric-railroad and motorbus operation and
maintenance 5
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
General merchandising
Other than general
merchandising
Year-round hotels
Laundries
Dyeing and cleaning
102.0 92.9 84.2 75.0 76.9 77.1 74.6 72.9 70.8 70.6 76.9 81.0 83.8 84.1
t—J
T03.5 94.8 81.0 67.1 67.2 67.4 65.6 64.2 61.7 58.6 63.7 68.7 75.2 78.3
100.4 90.8 87.7 84.0 87.8 87.9 84.7 82.6 80.9 84.1 91.7 94.9 93.4 90.5
46.9 49.0 51.3 46.5 46.1 47.3 39.0 38.3 49.7 20.2 20.0 29.4 43.4 36. 2"
88.5 91.1 95.1 70.4 74.0 68.4 56.3 55.3 57.0 56.8 64.2 71.9 78.3 81.4
74.0 71.6 65. 1 59.1 55.8 56.3 53.3 51.2 46.1 38.0 43.7 46.1 49.2 51.6
45.4 41.7 33.4 27.7 28.6 30.2 33.9 38.3 37.3 37.0 39.2 38.4 39.2 37.2
68.2 70.2 69.8 68.2 69.6 68.0 68.0 66.7 67.6 66.7 66.8 66.5 63.7 62.8
89.6 91.4 94.7 93.7 89.9 92.6 91.6 91.3 90.9 90.9 91.3 92.6 95.3 93.0
99.6 103.8 102.4 98.9 98.5 98.6 97.6 97.4 98.6 98.3 98.9 98.4 99.9 98.6
70.6 71.8 71.? 70.6 70.2 69.9 70.0 71.2 69.7 69.0 69.5 68.4 68.9 68.8
76.6 78.3 77.8 75.4 75.3 74.7 74.6 75.1 73.8 73.6 73.7 74.3 75.1 75.3
73.1 75.3 80.fi 70.1 68.4 68.6 72.2 70.0 69.5 68.1 66.8 69.7 71.1 71.6
92.5 97.1 123.3 84.6 81.5 82.2 89.4 84.4 84.3 80.4 78.8 86.8 89.7 93.1
69.1
80.6
83.0
77,6
70.8
84.3
81.1
73,7
71.8
82.6
81.1
68.6
67.1
81.6
80.1
65.5
65.7
83.fi
79.1
65.2
65. 8
80.9
78.fi
6S.2
68.6
80.5
80.6
87.2
67.0
80.5
80.9
80.7
66.4
79.6
81.8
83.3
65.6
77.4
83.0
77.5
64.3
77.4
83.1
74.3
66.1
78.9
81.4
81.7
67.2
80.8
79.5
78.0
67.2
81.1
79.3
73.8
i 3-year average, 1923-25=100—adjusted to 1935 Census of Manufactures. Comparable indexes for earlier
months aid in August issue of pamphlet and November issue of Monthly Labor Review.
> 12-month average for 1929=100. Comparable indexes are in November 1934 and subsequent issues of
Employment and Pay Rolls, or in February 1935 and subsequent issues of Monthly Labor Review, except
for anthracite and bituminous-coal mining, year-round hotels, laundries, and dyeing and cleaning. Indexes
for these industries from January 1929 forward have been adjusted to the 1935 census and are presented in
the January 1938 and subsequent issues of Employment and Pay Rolls.
' Includes: Iron and steel, machinery, transportation equipment, railroad repair shops, nonferrous
metals, lumber and allied products, and stone, clay, and glass products.
* Include?: Textiles and their products, leather and its man features, food and kindred products, tobacca
manufactures, paper and printing, chemicals and allied products, product* of petroleum and coal, rubber
products, and a number of miscellaneous industries not included in other groups.
« Not including electric-railroad car building and repairing.
21
TREND OF INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT, BY STATES
A comparison of employment and pay rolls, by States and geographic divisions, in October and November 1938 is shown in table
6 for all groups combined and for all manufacturing industries combined based on data supplied by reporting establishments. The percentage changes shown, unless otherwise noted, are unweighted—that
is, the industries included in the manufacturing group and in the grand
total have not been weighted according to their relative importance.
The totals for all manufacturing industries combined include
figures for miscellaneous manufacturing industries in addition to the
87 manufacturing industries presented in table 3. The totals for all
groups combined include all manufacturing industries, each of the
nonmanufacturing industries presented in table 3 (except building
construction), and seasonal hotels.
Similar comparisons showing only percentage changes are available
in mimeographed form for "all groups combined," for "all manufacturing, " for anthracite mining, bituminous-coal mining, metalliferous
mining, quarrying and nonmetallic mining, crude-petroleum producing, public utilities, wholesale trade, retail trade, hotels, laundries,
dyeing and cleaning, and brokerage and insurance.
TABLE 6.—Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments in
October and November 1938, by Geographic Divisions and by States
[Figures in italics are not compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued by
cooperating State organizations]
Manufacturing
Tot*il—all groups
•Geographic division and State
JSTew England
Num- Number
ber
on
of
payroll.
establish- Novemments ber 1938
13, 326
775
Maine
._ .
New Hamp591
shire
Vermont . _ _ 444
Massachusetts. i 7,925
Rhode Island.. 1,197
2,394
Connecticut
Percentage
change
from
October
1938
PerAmount cent- Num- Number
ber
of
age
of
on
pay roll change
(1 week) from estab- pay ron,
Novem- Octo- lish- November
ber 1938
ments Der lvob
1938
854,393
51,729
Dollars
+0.9 19, 099,417
-.9
951,127
-2.5
-4.8
3,628
587,307
43* 216
38,157
15,381
459,615
92,093
197, 418
707,451
-3.7
313,181
+.8
~-4 10,564,555
1,822,341
+5.3
+3.3 4,740,762
-9.8
-3.9
-S.I
-2.5
+.5
212
154
33,455
9,979
265,083
76,405
159,169
290
1,781
449
742
+.6 51,839,292 - . 5 6,464 1,162, 548
32,040 2,018, 735
Middle Atlantic
- . 1 24,724,152 - 1 . 4 2 2,553 422,189
20,462 914,791
New York
1,613 274,867
3,846 332, 409 +1.9 8,298,299 + 3
New Jersey
771,535
7,732
Pennsylvania..
+1.0 18,816,841
+.5 2,298 465,492
East North Central- 25,167 2,088,087 +3.7 56,698, 768 +4.6 8,553 1, 522,391
Ohio
._
7,138 523,099 +2.4 13,819,518 +3.7 2,435 387,535
2 993 251,332 +2.7 6,283,943 +3.2 1,083 197,803
Indiana
s e\ 847 583,511 +1.1 15,017,708
Illinois
+.5 2,465 374,157
Michigan
3,816 500,445 +10.7 15,854,537 +11.7 1,054 407,177
Wisconsin
e 4,873 229,700
+.6 5,723,062
+.9 71,516 155,719
J3ee footnotes at end of table.
Percentage
change
from
October
1938
PerAmount centage
of
pay roll change
(1 week) from
Novem- October 1938
ber
1938
Dollars
+1.3 12,444, 581
-1.1
761,849
-1.6
-5.4
-3.8
612,070 —10.5
197,811 - 1 . 3
+3.0
+.2 5,702,126 -1.9
-1.0
1,449,101
+6.0
+2.6 3, 721,624 +1.1
+.9 28,875,375 - . 4
- . 7 11,092,476 - 2 . 9
+2.5 6,775,952
+3
*+l.l 11,006,947 *+1.6
+4.5 42,354,087 +5.2
+3.2 10,454,249 +5.2
+3.2 5,090,464 +3.8
+1.2 9,562,184
+•?
+11.2 IS, 530,053 +10.5
*+.2 S, 917,137 4 +.9
22
TABLE 6.—Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments in
October and November 1938, by Geographic Divisions and by States—Continued
Total—all groups
PercentGeographic division Number Number
age
on
and State
of
roll, change
estab- pay
from
lish- Novem- Octoments ber 1938 ber
1938
Manufacturing
PerPerAmount cent- Num- Number centage
ber
of
age
on
of
pay roll change
change
(1 week) from estab- payroll,
from
Novem- Octo- lish- NovemOctober 1938
ber ments ber 1938 ber
1938
1938
Dollars
Dollars
West North Central 11,833
Minnesota
8 2,709
2,032
Iowa
Missouri
2,751
North Dakota568
South Dakota..
459
Nebraska
1,065
Kansas
»V ~
South Atlantic
11,056
Delaware
250
Maryland
D i s t r i c t of
1,059
Columbia
2,066
Virginia
West Virginia.. 1,167
North Carolina. 1,588
South Carolina.
802
1,472
Georgia.
1,011
Florida
1 10,440,855
438,992
128,890 -.2 8,228,416 —.5
62,324 —1.6 1,419,406 -2.9
157,643
+.4 3,628,814 -.2
116,443 -1.2
4,967
-.2
148,687 -1.1
6,596
639, 592 +3.7
28,412
1,259,497 *ir
55,160
East South Central.
Kentucky
Tennessee
Alabama
Mississippi
West South Central
Arkansas
Louisiana
Oklahoma
Texas
290,871
4,129
1,263
1,288
1,078
500
6,124
"1,135
991
1,310
2,688
9,152
93,466
17,560
+ 1.8
+3.2
+2l5
5,311,209
1,663,327
1,737,748
1,661,974
-2.1
248,160
230,092
- . 5 5, 037,898
35,386
595,982
53,994 - 2 . 1 1,042,284
39,067 - 1 . 5
960,017
101, "~ +.9 2,489,665
-.2
82
651
—.2
-2.9
40
446
217
680
253
401
198
+1.4
-.3
+1.9
+1.1
+7.4
+.3
-1.0
— 1.
+4.5
-3.8
-.6
-2.8
-2.8
-1.7
+5.2
+6.5
10,447
2,614
1,273
445, 572 -1.9 12,551,590
85, 724 -3.3
" " 2,220,655
43, 798 -3.2 1,109,384
816,050 -L8 " 1,551
-2.4
12
6,560
1,043
281
370
304
811
238
135
+1.8
125,404 +1.1 8,192,075
18,707 +8.1
509,676
11,812 - 1 . 5
287,815
9,130
270,478
+.1
43, 973
1,095,212
6,586
141,759
13,985 +5.2
362,490
18,753
450,962
2,458 +2.7
73,683
MontanaIdaho....
Wyoming
Colorado
_
New Mexico..
Arizona
Utah..
_
Nevada..
2,484
641
385
817
29
33
136
+.5
4,102
642
496
325
1,273
292
420
495
159
Mountain
Pacific
Washington...
Oregon.
California
867,962 +1.3 16,468,429
332.352
+.3
14,582
181,191 +.7 8,071,958
39,098
1,033,931
113,456 — 1 .
2,069,872
135,933 +2.2 3,388,651
178,677 +1.5 2,672,910
91,364 +1.4 1,290,317
+.8 1,823,499
118,471
784. 939
45,190 +9.1
PerAmount centage
of
pay roll change(1 week) from
Novem- October 1938
ber
1938
-.4
+4.6
+7.3
+4.0
+2.2
+6.5
+1.7
-5.1
-6.2
—1.
551
72
61
39
197
31
41
96
14
210, 754 - . 5 5,038,645 - l . f r
49,626
1,803,003
+.S
34,424 - 2 ! 5
801,607 —5.4
88,798
- . 6 1,966,413 - 1 . 5
458 - 6 . 5
11, 436 -13.4
2,754 +2.1
66,480
-.5
10,374
- . 5 256,166 +6.0
24,320
633, 540
0
593,859
10,033
88,842
77,338
50,897
162,897
83,942
93,904
22,570
181,015
32,572
72,944
63,378
12,121
+.*
+1. 6 10,1,226,262
+1.0
229,102
3
2,064,074
H-( >
-2. a
+4.6
+2.0
+1.4
+1.1
+8.9
113,861
1,350,480
1,237,956
2,411,927
1,157, 960
1,315, 915
344,987
+2.5
+7.6
+1.1
+2.7
-2.
8,070,845
636,995
1,241,206
1,033,251
159,393
4
-L4
111, 163 -1.3 2, 369,470
861,408
22,057 -L4
30,474 -4.4
550,766
10,590 -4.0
248,821
48,042 +1.8 1,208,480
40,115
t-x
-2.0
+4.S
-6.0
1.4
zil
129,321
112,019
58,184
406,819
15, 512
65,380
195,175
6,679
-4.6
+1.9
+7.S
-1.3
+5.7
+.5
+13.1
-11.4
+2.0
+10.8
-1.9
- 5 . 0 6,207,416
- 5 . 3 1,272,899
661,135
-4.
-5.0 4,273,382
-5.7
-7.5
-9.7
-4.5
-1.5
+5.4
-5.1
-1.7
5,204
4,622
1,937
+.2
16,151
925 - 1 1 . 2
2,776 +4.2
8,262 -7.1
238 +4.4
2,662 229,499
557
49,913
310
26, 534
1,795 153,052
-3.3
+5.0
-.3
+2.2
+1.4
+4.8.
1 Includes banks and trust companies; construction, municipal, agricultural, and office employmentr
amusement and recreation; professional services; and trucking and handling.
2 Includes laundering and cleaning; and water, light, and power.
3 Less than Ho of 1 percent.
* Weighted percentage change.
«Includes automobile and miscellaneous services; restaurants; and building and contracting.
•Includes
construction but not public works.
7
Does not include logging.
«Includes banks; real estate; pipe-line transportation; trucking and transfer; railroads (other than repair
shops); motor transportation (other than operation and maintenance); water transportation; hospitals and
clinics; personal, business, mechanical repair, and miscellaneous services; and building construction.
•Includes financial institutions, miscellaneous services, and restaurants.
10 Weighted percentage change including hired farm labor.
" Includes automobile dealers and garages; and sand, gravel, and building stone.
w Includes banks, insurance, and office employment.
INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT IN PRINCIPAL
METROPOLITAN AREAS
A comparison of employment and pay rolls in October and November 1938 is made in table 7 for 13 metropolitan areas which had a
population of 500,000 or over in 1930. Cities within these areas, but
having a population of 100,000 or over, are not included. Data concerning them are presented in a supplementary tabulation which is
available on request.
Footnotes to the table indicate which cities are excluded. The
figures represent reports from cooperating establishments and cover
both full- and part-time workers in the manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries presented in table 4, with the exception of
building construction, and include also miscellaneous industries.
Kevisions made in the figures after they have gone to press, chiefly
because of late reports by cooperating firms, are incorporated in the
supplementary tabulation mentioned above. This supplementary
tabulation covers these 13 metropolitan areas as well as other metropolitan areas and cities having a population of 100,000 or more according to the 1930 Census of Population.
T A B L E 7.—Comparison of Employment
and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
in
October and November, 1938 by Principal Metropolitan Areas
Metropolitan area
Number of
establishments
Number
on pay
rollNovember
Percentage
change
from
October
Amount of
pay roll
(1 week)
November
14,665
4,564
626,738
417, 985
194,682
321,504
155, 944
+0.6
+1.4
+1.7
+11.6
+1.7
$16,482,056
11,317,155
5,170,351
10,920,392
4,498,434
Cleveland, Ohio..
St. Louis, Mo
Baltimore, M d . . .
Boston, Mass.s...
Pittsburgh, P a . . .
1,712
1,470
1,193
1,551
1,092
119,442
118,412
99,052
107,917
162,338
3,200,713
2,803,238
2,346,787
2,868,016
4,249, 585
San Francisco, Calif.6..
Buffalo, N . Y
,
Milwaukee, Wis
1,721
829
1,145
81, 595
65,400
94, 288
+1.8
+.7
+.9
+1.1
+1.4
+3.4
+2.3
+1.7
New York, N . Y.L..
Chicago, 111.2
Philadelphia, Pa. 3 ._.
Detroit, Mich__
Los Angeles, Calif.*..
2,418, 282
1, 792, 265
2, 576, 546
1 Does not include Elizabeth, Jersey City, Newark, or Paterson, N. J., nor Yonkers, N. Y.
2 Does not include Gary, Ind.
* Does not include Camden, N. J.
* Does not include Long Beach, Calif.
« Figures relate to city of Boston only.
6
Does not include Oakland, Calif.
' Less than Ho of 1 percent.
Percentage
change
from
October
-1.0
+.7
+-T
+12.5
+1.1
+1.4
7
()
+.4
-1.3
+4.3
+3.2
+1,6
+3.7
24
Public Employment
Employment created by the Federal Government includes employment in the regular agencies of the Government, employment on
the various construction programs wholly or partially financed by
Federal funds, and employment on relief-work projects.
EXECUTIVE SERVICE OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
Statistics of employment and pay rolls for the executive service of
the Federal Government in October and November 1938 are given
in table 8.
TABLE 8.—Employment and Pay Rolls for the Executive Service of the U. S. Govern'
u October and November 1938 1
[Subject to revision]
Employment
Item
Entire service:
Total
Regular appropriation
Emergency appropriation
Force-account (regular and emergency)
Inside the District of Columbia:
Total
.-
Regular appropriation
Emergency appropriation
Force-account (regular and emergency)
•Outside the District of Columbia:
Total
Regular appropriation
Emergency appropriation
Force-account (regular and emergency)
.1
1
November
Octobers
Pay rolls
Percentage
change
November
October
2
Percentage
change
865,0.58
873, 548
-1.0
$131,267,145
$131,591,185
-0.2
703,022
70,052
713, 224
67,431
-1.4
+3.9
111, 423,894
9,406,192
111,744,681
9, 019,631
-.3
+4.3
91,984
92,893
-1.0
10,437,059
10,826,873
-3.6
119,034
118,334
+.6
21,180,393
20,936.447
+1.2
101, 595
12,549
101, 029
12, 296
+.6
+2.1
18,479, 798
1,957,613
18.211,088
1,925,372
+1.5
+1.7
4,890
5,009
-2.4
742,982
799,987
-7.1
110,654,738
-.5
746,024
755, 214
-1.2
110,086,752
601,427
57, 503
612,195
55,135
-1.8
+4.3
92,944.096
7,448, 579
93 533. 593
7,094,259
+5.0
87,094
87,884
-.9
9,694,077
10,026,886
-3.3
-.6
Data include number of employees receiving pay during the last pay period of the month.
Revised.
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS FINANCED BY THE PUBLIC WORKS
ADMINISTRATION
Details concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
•during November on construction projects financed by Public Works
Administration funds are given in table 9, by type of project.
25
TABLE 9.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed From Public Works
Administration Funds, November 1938 l
[Subject to revision]
Wage earners
Type of project
Maximum
number
employed 2
Weekly
average
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Number of
man-hours Average
worked
earnings
during
per hour
month
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
Federal projects financed from National Industrial Recovery Act fundsAll projects
Building construction.
Naval vessels4
Public roads
Reclamation
River, harbor, and flood control.__
Water and sewerage._
Miscellaneous
__
..-
3 6, 359
6,118
1,725
757,082
$0,686
$368,474
327
250
264
236
3,990
1,021
535
71
1
31, 777
34,617
271,478
131, 704
38, 277
11, 722
150
26, 563
37,353
459, 261
154,637
69,017
10,011
240
1.196
.927
.591
.852
.555
1.171
.625
41,866
26, 551
225,000
19,74a
48, 554
6,760'
0
(5)
1,097
622
72
1
Federal projects financed from Public Works Administration
Appropriation Act 1938 funds
All projects
35,070
30, 537 $3, 585,499
$0. 856
$7, 732, 577
Building construction
Electrification. _
Reclamation.
River, harbor, and flood control. _
Ship construction
Streets and roads
_
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
Professional, technical, and cleri-
17,281
536
12, 023
280
193
271
188
3,273
14, 294
517
11, 234
247
171
233
172
2,878
1,473,994
56, 228
1, 667,301
34,243
20, 572
12, 085
15, 763
199, 046
1, 776,933
68, 210
L, 764,452
39,336
25,671
19,849
21, 667
321,342
.830
.824
.945
.871
.801
.609
.728
.619
2,726,951
2,937,196
1,552,333
69, 799
17,823
70,316
43,323
290,234
1,025
791
106, 267
152, 647
.696
24,602
4,190,107
Non-Federal projects financed from NationaMndustrial Recovery Act
funds
All projects 6
8,361
7,154
$1, 065, 300
768, 721
$1 386
$1,118, 384
Building construction
Railroad construction.
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage..
Miscellaneous
4,385
12
811
1,842
1,311
3,829
7
627
1,556
1,135
690,833
52
17, 570
220, 374
136, 471
367, 772
112
30,414
185,120
185, 303
1 878
464
578
1 190
736
0
95,839
347,426
176, 423
Projects financed from Emergency Relief Appropriation Act 1935, 1936,
and 1937 funds *
All projects 8
_
Building construction 8
Electrification
Heavy engineering
Reclamation
River, harbor, and flood control.__
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage.
Miscellaneous
57, 000
47, 632 $5,191,123
5,897,958
$0.880
$9,094,245
36, 077
1,249
5,110
1,267
241
4,387
8,648
21
29,992
1,053
4,361
1,167
220
3,367
7,455
17
3,610, 581
131,439
612, 622
182,423
37,227
314, 503
1, 006, 233
2,930
.934
.713
.860
.723
.601
.673
.825
5,849,095
634, 799
617,783
103, 735
27,901
519,057
1,069,957
271,918
3, 372,807
93, 663
526, 735
131, 807
22, 382
211, 649
830,047
2,033
i Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
* Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency
doing force-account work.
3
Includes weekly average for public roads.
4
Under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Public Roads.
6 Not available; weekly average included in total for all projects.
6
Includes data for workers engaged in construction of underground tunnel, who, because of the additional
risk involved, were paid at rates higher than those usually paid for building construction.
7 These data are also included in separate tables covering projects financed by The Works Program.
8
Includes a maximum of 428 and an average of 278 employees working on low-cost housing projects
financed from E. R. A. A. 1935 funds who were paid $24,977 for 28,890 man-hours of labor. Material orders
in the amount of $21,087 were placed for these projects. These data are also included in separate tables covering projects financed from The Works Program.
26
TABLE 9.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed From Public Works
Administration Funds, November 1938 —Continued
Wage earners
Type of project
Maximum
number
employed
Weekly
average
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Number of
man-hours Average
worked
earnings
per hour
during
month
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
Non-Federal projects financed from Public Works Administration
Appropriation Act 1938 funds
All projects
66, 520
r
2,107
$4,499,842
5, 721, 236
Building construction
Electrification
Heavy engineering
_.
Reclamation
River, harbor, and flood control...
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
39,990
75
1,325
235
371
14, 071
9,922
531
31,389
51
1,137
188
301
10, 752
7,923
366
2,801,145
3,218
159, 500
19, 557
34, 425
794, 497
654,139
33, 361
3,324, 591
5,829
147,098
21, 780
34,983
1, 203, 429
931, 742
51, 784
$0. 787 $11,190,939
.843
.552
1.084
.898
.984
.660
.702
.644
6,870,644
63,807
316, 559
68, 535
171,519
1, 604, 333
1,930, 014
165, 528
Construction projects financed by the Public Works Administration
are those projects authorized by title II of the National Industrial
Recovery Act of June 16, 1933. This program of public works was
extended to June 30, 1937, by the Emergency Relief Appropriation
Act of 1935 and title II of the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of
1936. The First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, cited as the
Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1936, reappropriated unobligated funds originally made available under the Emergency Relief
Appropriation Act of 1935 and authorized the use of $300,000,000
from funds on hand or received from the sale of securities. The
Public Works Administration was continued until July 1, 1939, by
the Public Works Administration Extension Act of 1937 and the
Public Works Administration Appropriation Act of 1938 further
continued the program to June 30, 1941.
Federal construction projects for which data are included in table 9
are financed by allotments made by the Public Works Administration
to the various agencies and departments of the Federal Government
from funds provided under the National Industrial Recovery Act.
The major portion of the low-cost housing program now under way,
however, is financed by funds provided under the Emergency Relief
Appropriation Act of 1935. Federal construction projects are also
financed by allotments from funds provided under the Public Works
Administration Appropriation Act of 1938. The work is performed
either by commercial firms which have been awarded contracts, or by
day labor hired directly by the Federal agencies.
Non-Federal projects are financed by allotments made by the
Public Works Administration from funds available under either the
National Industrial Recovery Act, the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935, the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, the
Public Works Administration Extension Act of 1937, or the Public
27
Works Administration Appropriation Act of 1938. Most of the allotments have been made to the States and their political subdivisions,
but occasionally allotments have been made to commercial firms.
In financing projects for the States or their political subdivisions from
funds appropriated under the National Industrial Recovery Act, the
Public Works Administration makes a direct grant of not more than
30 percent of the total labor and material cost. When funds provided under the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935, the
First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, the Public Works Administration Extension Act of 1937, or the Public Works Administration
Appropriation Act of 1938 are used to finance a non-Federal project,
us much as 45 percent of the total cost may be furnished in the form
of a grant. The remaining 55 percent or more of the cost is financed
by the recipient. When circumstances justify such action, the Public
Works Administration may provide the grantee with the additional
funds by means of a loan. Allotments to commercial enterprises are
made only as loans. All loans made by the Public Works Administration carry interest charges and have a definite date of maturity.
Collateral posted with the Public Works Administration to secure
loans may be offered for sale to the public. In this way a revolving
fund is provided which enlarges the scope of the activities of the Public
Works Administration.
Commercial loans have been made, for the most part, to railroads.
Railroad work financed by loans made by the Public Works Administration falls under three headings: First, construction work in the
form of electrification, the laying of rails and ties, repairs to buildings,
bridges, etc.; second, the building and repairing of locomotives and
passenger and freight cars in shops operated by the railroads; and
third, locomotives and passenger- and freight-car building in commercial shops.
THE WORKS PROGRAM
By authority of Public Resolution No. 11, Seventy-fourth Congress,
approved April 8, 1935, the President, in a series of Executive orders,
inaugurated a broad program of work to be carried out by 61 units of
the Federal Government. The Works Program was continued by
title II of the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, cited as the
Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1936, and was further continued by the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1937. The
Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1938 extended this program to
June 30, 1939. Employment created by this program includes employment on Federal projects and employment on projects operated
by the Works Progress Administration. Federal projects are those
conducted by Federal agencies which have received allotments from
The Works Program fund. Projects operated by the Works Progress
28
Administration are those projects conducted under the supervision of
the Works Progress Administration with the cooperation of States,
cities, or counties.
A record of employment, payrolls, and man-hours worked on projects
financed by The Works Program in November is shown in table 10, by
type of project.
TABLE 10.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by The Works Program*.
November 1938
1
[Subject to revision]
Number of Average
Monthly man-hours earndis- worked
Maximum Weekly pay-roll
ings
during
number
aver- bursements
per
month
employed age
hour
Wage earners
Type of project
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
Federal projects
All projects
_
Building construction
_
Electrification
Forestry 3
_.
Grade-crossing elimination *
Hydroelectric power plants «
Plant, 3rop, and livestock conservation a
Professional, technical, and clerical
Public roads«
_
Reclamation
_.
River, harbor, andfloodcontrol
Streets and roads
_
_
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
2123,119 114,215
$5,925, 239
46, 038 42, 717
334
290
10, 725 9,352
2,661
2,130
1,840
1,743
2,373, 344
16,396
445,731
130,672
60,463
4,301,890
41, 642
1,021,365
227, 575
264, 791
.552
.394
.436
.574
.229
372, 640 -i
2,211
46,471
114, 760'
21,171
11,882
3,811
1,477
28,866
1,799
3,029
1,099
9,558
579,437
279,864
70, 529
1, 414, 419
113,839
87,449
39, 748
313,348
1,459, 514
418,327
140,424
3, 286,154
195,127
314,434
120,131
1,073,910
.397
.669
.502
.430
.583
.278
.331
.292
66, 752'
11,954
58, 938
388,11086, 311
42, 684
23, 369'
27, 552'
10,893
3,641
1,215
27,900
1,435
2,665
1,044
9,190
12, 865, 284 $0. 461 $1, 262,923"
P . W. A. projects financed from Emergency Relief Appropriation
Act funds of 1935, 1936, and 1937 6
All projects
Building construction
Electrification
Heavy engineering
Reclamation
River, harbor, andfloodcontrol
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
2 57,000 47, 632
$5,191,123
36,077 29,992
1,249
1,053
5,110
4,361
1,267
1,167
241
220
4,387 3,367
8,648 7,455
21
17
3, 372,807
93, 663
526, 735
131,807
22, 382
211,649
830, 047
2,033
5,897,958
3, 610, 581
131,439
612, 622
182,423
37, 227
314, 503
1,006, 233
2,930
$0. 880 $9,094,245.934
.713
.860
.723
.601
.673
.825
.694
5,849,095
634, 799
617,783103, 735
27, 901
519, 057
1,069,957
271,918 •
Projects operated by Works Progress Administration
Allprojects
1
1
.83,213,115
..$172,373,413 347,184,071
7
$0,496
Unless otherwise noted data are for the month ending on the 15th.
Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency
doing force-account work.
3
The data for the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, under plant, crop, and livestock conservation, and the Bureau of Forest Service, under forestry, are for the calendar month.
* These data are for projects under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Public Roads.
« These data are for projects under construction in Puerto Rico.
6
Includes data for 56,572 employees working on non-Federal projects and 428 employees working on!
low-cost housing projects. These data are included in separate tables covering projects under the jurisdiction
of the Public Works Administration.
7
Data are for the calendar month. Not available by type of project.
8
Represents number of names on pay roll for week ending Nov. 26, 1938.
9
Data on a monthly basis are not available.
29
Table 11 shows the employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
on work projects of the National Youth Administration from the
beginning of the program in January 1936 to November 1938, inclusive. Similar data for Student Aid are shown from September 1935,
the starting date, to October 1938, inclusive.
TABLE 11.—Employment and Pay Rolls on National Youth Administration Projects
Financed by The Works Program, January 1936 Through November 1938 1
[Subject to revision]
Year and month
Number
of persons employed
Pay-roll
disbursements
Number of
man-hours
worked
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
Work projects
January 1936 to November 1938, inclusive..
January to December 1936..
January to December 1937..
January 1938.
February 1938
March 1938..
April 1938..
May 1938
.June 1938
July 1938
August 1938
September 1938..
-October 1938
November 1938..
8,243,150
266, 733,028
75,827,799
87, 092,351
144, 797
151, 406
154, 567
158,082
28,883, 589
32, 601, 360
2, 549, 914
2, 667, 226
2, 751, 797
2, 760, 533
$0. 368 2 $9, 017,670
7, 288,377
7,610,360
7, 673, 809
.381
.374
.370
.366
.362
.360
172,134
202,184
213,972
221, 307
220, 756
220, 066
225, 088
2,967,134
3,437,299
3,685,148
3,888, 640
3,927,491
4,012, 209
4,110,810
8,286,913
9, 519,163
10,332,962
11,125, 311
11,421,877
11, 628,976
12,028,462
.358
.361
.357
.350
.344
.345
.342
Student Aid
September 1935 to October 1938, inclusive..
September to December 1935.
January to December 1936
January to December 1937
January 1938...
February 1938
March 1938_.
April 1938.
May 1938
J u n e 1938
July 1938 *
August 1938
September 1938..
October 1938
$71,165,789
239, 495, 303
$0.297
307, 544
319, 707
328,037
6,363, 503
25, 888, 559
24,188,039
2,001, 786
2,162, 506
2, 217, 742
19, 612,976
85,424, 616
83,028,847
6,980, 595
7, 584, 382
7, 781,022
.324
.303
.291
.287
.285
.285
333,902
326, 644
217,447
2,256, 566
2,393, 532
1, 538,947
7,920,942
8,355, 521
5,123,792
.285
.286
.300
1,780
44,865
316,536
5,696
196,999
1,951,914
31,871
817,901
6,832,838
.179
.241
1
2
Data are for a calendar month.
Data on a monthly basis are not available. This total represents expenditures through June 30, 1938,
and
includes rentals and services and some sponsors' contributions.
3
No expenditures for materials on this type of project.
4
Student Aid program was not active.
CIVILIAN CONSERVATION CORPS
The Civilian Conservation Corps was created by an act of Congress
approved June 28, 1937, and succeeded the Emergency Conservation
Work which had been set up in April 1933.
Employment and pay-roll data for the Civilian Conservation Corps
are collected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics from the War Depart-
30
ment, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Commerce,
and the Department of the Interior. The monthly pay of the enrolled
personnel is $30 per month. Assistant leaders, not to exceed 10 percent of the total number of enrollees, may receive up to $36 per month,
and leaders, not to exceed 6 percent, may receive up to $45 per month.
Employment and pay rolls in the Civilian Conservation Corps in
October and November 1938 are presented in table 12.
TABLE 12.—Employment and Pay Rolls in the Civilian Conservation Corps, October
and November 1938 l
[Subject to revision]
Number of employees
Amount of pay rolls
Group
November
October
November
October
All groups
335, 479
324, 747
$14,718, 482
$14,602, 688
Enrolled personnel 2
Reserve3 officers
Nurses
Educational advisers 3
Supervisory and technical 3
298,065
5,084
287
1,576
30,467
286,908
5,065
282
1,566
30, 926
9, 303, 256
1,139, 864
29, 926
263, 249
3,982,187
8, 934, 249
1, 312, 615
29, 773
265, 807
4, 060, 244
1 Data on number of employees refer to employment on last day of month. Amount of pay rolls are for
the entire month.
2 November data include 3,760 enrollees and pay roll of $87,680 outside continental United States; in
October
the corresponding figures were 3,902 enrollees and $87,646.
3
Included in executive service, table 8.
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS FINANCED BY RECONSTRUCTION
FINANCE CORPORATION
Statistics of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours work'ed on
construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation in November are presented in table 13, by type of project.
TABLE 13.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by the Reconstruction
Finance Corporation, by Type of Project, November 1938 1
[Subject to revision]
Type of project
Maximum
number of
wage earners2
Monthly Number of Average
pay-roll man-hours earnings
disburse- worked dur- per
hour
ing month
ments
Value of
material
orders
placed during month
All projects.
3,243
$390,238
490,030
$0.796
$624,851
Building construction s.
Water and sewerage
1,525
1,718
108,214
282, 024
174,839
315,191
.619
.895
130,779
494,072
* Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
» Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor.
* Includes 347 employees; pay-roll disbursements of $35,177; 35,281 man-hours worked; and material orders
placed of $52,849 on projects financed by RFC Mortgage Co.
31
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS FINANCED FROM REGULAR FEDERAL
APPROPRIATIONS
When a construction contract is awarded or force-account work is
started by a department or agency of the Federal Government, the
Bureau of Labor Statistics is immediately notified, on forms supplied
by the Bureau, of the name and address of the contractor, the amount
of the contract, and the type of work to be performed. Blanks are
then mailed by the Bureau to the contractor or Government agency
doing the work. These reports are returned to the Bureau and show
the number of men on pay rolls, and the amounts disbursed for pay,
the number of man-hours worked on the project, and the value of the
different types of materials for which orders were placed during the
month.
Data concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
construction projects financed from regular Federal appropriations
during November are given in table 14, by type of project.
TABLE 14.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Construction Projects Financed From Regular
Federal Appropriations, by Type of Project, November 1938 l
[Subject to revision]
Number of wage
earners
Type of project
All projects
_
Building construction
_
Electrification:
Rural Electrification
Administration projects 4
Other than Rural Electrification Administration projectsForestry
Heavy engineering...
__
Public roads «
Reclamation
River, harbor, and flood control:
Dredging, dikes, revetments,
etc
Locks and dams
Ship cons.ruction:
Naval vessels
Other than naval vessels
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
Maximum
number
employed 2
3 239, 511
Weekly
average
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements-
Number of
Value of
man-hours Average material
worked
earnings
orders
during
per hour placed durmonth
ing month
227, 269 $23,014, 693
32, 752,152
$0. 703
$30, 239, 221
13, 624
1, 618, 712
1,651, 207
.980
2, 787,447
6,651
5,429
396, 520
736,451
.538
1, 702,873
151
113
131
(6)
15,928
104
105
98
95,107
15, 323
5,193
7,456
12,148
7, 386,940
1,881,808
7,002
12, 971
14, 047
12,403,018
2,425, 678
.742
.575
.865
.596
.776
305
5,717
3,391
12,311,566
993, 260
43,367
9,768
38, 567
8,682
4, 017, 773
1,109,476
6,426, 287
1,423,345
.625
.779
3,388, 799
1,150,293
42,101
4,584
3,994
307
851
41, 292
4,198
3,749
252
739
5, 794, 081
466, 603
233, 588
24, 261
60,134
6, 507, 006
561, 229
460,718
33, 719
89, 474
.890
.831
.507
.720
.672
5, 731, 335
1,619,375
418,928
53, 266
72, 666
16,458
1
Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
'Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor, and Government
agency
doing force-account work.
3
Includes weekly average for public-roads projects.
*8 Financed by Rural Electrification Administration loans.
Under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Public Roads.
• Not available, weekly average included in total for all projects.
32
STATE-ROADS PROJECTS
A record of employment and pay-roll disbursements in the construction and maintenance of roads financed wholly from State or
local furids in November 1938, compared with October 1938, and
November 1937, is presented in table 15.
T A B L E IS.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Construction and Maintenance
Roads, November 1938, October 1938, and November 1937 l
of State
[Subject to revision]
Number of employees 2
Item
November
1938
October
1938
November
1937
Pay-roll disbursements
November
1938
October
1938
November
1937
Total
231,759
220, 820
192, 673 $14,959,749 $14,496,340
$12,776,701
New roads
Maintenance
28,439
203,320
35, 426
185, 394
29,491
163,182
2, 204, 290
12, 292,050
2,498,137
10, 278, 564
1
1
1,899,410
13,060, 339
Data are for the month ending on the 15th and are for projects financed wholly from State or local funds.
Average number working during month.
O
@FedFRASER