Full text of Employment and Payrolls : June 1934
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Serial No. R. 129 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR FRANCES PEBKINS. Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS ISADOR LUBIN, Commissioner TREND OF EMPLOYMENT JUNE 1934 By Industries: Manufacturing Industries......................................... 1-14 Nonmanufacturing Industries.................................... 14-18 Anthracite and Bituminous Coal Mining Metalliferous Mining Quarrying and Nonmetallic Mining Crude-Petroleum Producing Public Utilities: Telephone and Telegraph Electric Light and Power and Manufactured Gas Electric Railroads Wholesale and Retail Trade Hotels Laundries Dyeing and Cleaning Banks, Brokerage, Insurance, and Real Estate Building C o n stru ctio n ............................................. 19-22 Federal S ervice...........................................................32-34 Class I Steam Railroads . .........................................31-32 Public Works P r o je c t s .................................... .... . 34-41 Public R oads................................................................41-42 Construction Projects Financed by the R.F.C. • . . 42-44 By States................................................................... .... . 23-33 By C ities............................................................................ 21 Average Hours and Average Hourly Earnings . . . . 5-8 Wage-Rate Changes..........................................................45-49 Prepared by Division of Employment Statistics LE W IS E. T A L B E R T , Chief UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE W ASH IN G TO N : 1934 TREND OF EMPLOYMENT June 1934 HE Bureau of Labor Statistics of the United States Department of Labor presents herewith data compiled from pay-roll reports supplied by representative establishments in 90 of the principal man ufacturing industries of the country and 15 nonmanufacturing indus tries, covering the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month* Additional information is presented concerning employment on publicworks projects, public roads, the Federal service, and class I steam railroads. Manufacturing Industries T ACTO RY employment and pay rolls decreased 1.6 percent and 3.3 percent, respectively, from May to June. These declines are in accord with the May-June trend shown in 8 of the preceding 15 years, 1919 to 1933, inclusive, for which data are available. However, they were accentuated by the longshoremen’s strike on the Pacific coast, by sporadic labor disturbances in other localities, and the Cotton Code Authority’s order curtailing plant operations under their jurisdiction. The general index of factory employment for June is 81.1, this being lower than the April and May indexes but higher than the indexes of any other month since December 1930. The June pay-roll index (64.9) is lower than the March, April, or May indexes but higher than those of any other month since August 1931. A comparison of the June 1934 indexes with those of June 1933 shows gains of 21.2 percent in employment and 37.5 percent in pay rolls. A similar comparison with the March 1933 indexes shows gains in June 1934 of 37.9 percent in employment and 74.9 percent in pay rolls. The Bureau recently revised its indexes of factory employment and pay rolls. The base now used in computing these index numbers is the average for the 3-year period, 1923-25, taken as 100. This new series of indexes has been adjusted to conform to census trends over the period 1919-31. Prior to March 1934, the indexes of factory employment and pay rolls published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics were based on the 12-month average of 1926 and were not adjusted to conform to biennial census trends. A short discussion of this revision F 1 2 appeared in the March 1934 Trend of Employment and a more com plete bulletin on this subject is being prepared for publication. The June 1934 group and general indexes of factory employment and pay rolls on the 1926 base are shown in this pamphlet under the heading “ Index numbers of employment and pay-roll totals in manufacturing industries.” The indexes of factory employment and pay rolls are computed from reports made by representative establishments in 90 important manu facturing industries of the country. In June, reports were received from 23,347 establishments employing 3,750,605 wage earners, whose weekly earnings during the pay period ending nearest June 15 totaled $73,166,887. More than 50 percent of the wage earners in all the manufacturing industries of the country were covered in these reports. Increases in employment in June were shown in 35 of the 90 manu facturing industries surveyed, while gains in pay rolls were registered in 36 industries. The most pronounced increase in employment was a seasonal rise of 33.5 percent in canning and preserving. The plumb ers’ supplies industry registered a gain of 18.9 percent, due mainly to greater activity in several large plants. The car building and loco motives industries showed gains in employment of 11.1 and 11 percent, respectively, largely because of orders placed through Public Works Administration allotments. The aircraft industry registered a gain of 12.6 percent due primarily to the settlement of a strike. Seasonal gains of 9 percent, 8.7 percent, and 8.2 percent were reported in ice cream, beet sugar, and beverages, respectively, while tin cans, engines, and butter had increases of 6 percent, 5.4 percent, and 5.2 percent, respectively. In 14 of the remaining 24 industries which showed increases in employment, the gains ranged from 2 to 4.9 percent. Industries of major importance included in this group are shipbuilding; slaughtering, brick; silk and rayon goods; steam fittings; blast furnaces, steel works, rolling mills; cigars and cigarettes; and structural and ornamental metal work. The most pronounced decline in employment from May to June was a seasonal falling off of 33.4 percent in the fertilizer industry. There was a further decrease of 18.2 percent in typewriters and seasonal declines of 17.2 percent in millinery and 11.7 percent in agricultural implements. Strikes in the fur-felt hats industry were responsible for a shrinkage in employment in this industry of 11.6 percent. The hardware industry showed a decrease of 11 percent in employment, due largely to recessions in factories manufacturing automobile hardware. The women’s clothing and the cottonseed oil, cake, and meal industries showed seasonal declines of 10.4 percent and 10.3 percent, respectively. Strikes caused a decline in employ ment of 9 percent in the cash register industry. The rubber goods 3 industry (other than boots, shoes, tires, and inner tubes) fell off 8.1 percent in employment and corsets, 7.7 percent. Decreases ranging from 7.2 to 7.5 percent were reported in woolen and worsted goods, pottery, cotton small wares, and men’s furnishings. The curtailment of cotton-mill operations in compliance with orders of the code authority, together with strikes, resulted in a decrease of 7.1 percent in employment in that industry. Eleven industries showed decreases ranging from 3.6 to 6.7 percent, among them being automobiles, millwork, boots and shoes, and dyeing and finishing textiles, the latter also being affected by the Cotton Code Authority’s curtailment order. In the remaining 28 industries, the decreases ranged from 0.3 percent to 2.9 percent. A comparison of employment and pay rolls for inidvidual industries in June 1934 and June 1933 shows more workers in 81 of the 90 industries in June of this year and larger pay rolls in 85 industries. The machine tool, car building, and locomotive industries show gains of over 100 percent in both employment and pay rolls. Dividing the manufacturing industries into “ durable” and “ non durable” goods groups, the former group shows decreases in employ ment and pay rolls of 1.1 percent and 2.8 percent, respectively. The latter group shows a falling-off of 1.8 percent in employment and 3.8 percent in pay rolls. The “ durable” goods group is composed of the following subgroups: iron and steel, machinery, transportation EQUIPMENT, RAILROAD REPAIR SHOPS, NONFERROUS METALS, LUMBER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS, and STONE-CLAY-GLASS. Per capita weekly earnings for all manufacturing industries com bined decreased 1.6 percent from May to June, and increased 13.5 percent from June 1933 to June 1934. Gains from May to June were shown in 41 of the 90 individual manufacturing industries sur veyed and ranged from 0.1 percent to 8.5 percent. The per capita earnings shown in the following table must not be confused with full-time weekly rates of wages. They are per capita weekly earnings, computed by dividing the total amount of pay roll for the week by the total number of employees (part-time as well as full-time workers). Man-hour data supplied by identical establishments in May and June 1934 showed a decrease for all manufacturing industries com bined of 2.2 percent in average hours worked per week over the month interval and an increase in average hourly earnings of 0.5 percent. Thirty-seven of the industries covered showed increases in average hours worked and 54 reported increased hourly earnings. As all re porting establishments do not furnish man-hour information, the Bureau’s figures on average hours worked per week and average hourly earnings are necessarily computed from data furnished by a smaller number of establishments than are covered in the monthly survey of 4 manufacturing industries. Average hours worked per week and average hourly earnings are presented for only those manufacturing industries in which information covering at least 20 percent of the total employees in the industry are available. In table 1, which follows, are shown indexes of employment and pay rolls in June 1934 for each of the 90 manufacturing industries surveyed, for the 14 major groups and 2 subgroups into which these industries are classified, and for manufacturing as a whole, together with percentages of change from May 1934 and June 1933. Per capita weekly earnings in June 1934, together with percentages of change from the previous month and from June of the previous year for each of the 90 manufacturing industries and for manufacturing as a whole, are also presented in this table. Average hours worked per week in June 1934 and average hourly earnings, together with percentages of change from May 1934 and June 1933, are likewise presented for manufacturing as a whole and for those industries in which man-hour data covering at least 20 percent of the total em ployees in the industry were received. T able 1 . —E M P L O Y M E N T , W E E K L Y P A Y R O LLS , P E R C A P IT A W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S , A V E R A G E HOURS W O R K E D P E R W E E K , A N D A V E R A G E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S IN M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S IN JU N E 1934 A N D C O M P A R IS O N W IT H M A Y 1934 A N D JU N E 1933 Employment Industry All industries........ . . ........................................ Iron and steel and their products, n o t includ ing m achinery............................... ...................... Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills__ Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets................... Cast-iron p ip e.............................. ...................... Cutlery (not including silver and plated cut lery), and edge tools......................................... Forgings, iron and steel.......... .......... ...... ........... Hardware...... ............................................... ...... Plumbers’ supplies......................................... . Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and steam fittings............. .................................. . Stoves.................. .............................................. Structural and ornamental metal w o r k ............ Tin cans and other tinware............. . .................. Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools, files, and saws).................................................. Wirework____ _________________ __________ M achinery, n o t including transportation equipm ent.................. ......................................... Agricultural implements........ ............................. Cash registers, adding machines, and calculat ing machines__________ _______ ___________ Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies.. Engines, turbines, tractors, and water wheels __ Foundry and machine-shop products................... Machine tools............... ................... ................... . Radios and phonographs............... .................... . Textile machinery and parts________ ____ _____ Typewriters and parts____________ ________ ___ F o o tn o te s a t end o f table. Per capita weekly earnings1 Pay roll Index Index Percentage Percentage June change from— June change from— 1934 1934 (3-year (3-year average May June average June 1923-26 1934 1923-25 May 1933 1934 1933 -100) =100) Aver age in June 1934 Percentage change from— May 1934 June 1933 Average hours worked per week1 Aver age in June 1934 Percentage change from— May 1934 June 1933 Average hourly earnings1 Aver age in June 1934 Percentage change from— May 1934 June 1933 2 55.0 +0.5 +31.2 Cents 81.1 -1 .6 +21.2 64.9 -3 .3 +37.5 $19.51 -1 .6 +13.5 234.9 -2 .2 -15.8 76.4 79.1 84.8 53.6 +1.6 +3.0 -2 .6 +4.9 +37.2 +44.9 +22.5 +35.4 62.6 68.9 64.5 28.9 +2.1 +4.2 -5 .3 -3 .6 +72.9 +98.0 +47.3 +46.7 23.86 19.61 14.41 +1.2 -2 .8 -8 .2 +36.9 +20.0 +8.1 37.2 35.4 28.8 +1.6 -4 .1 -9 .1 -2 .7 -10.6 -2 .7 64.4 55.3 50.2 -.3 +1.3 + .2 +42.2 +29.5 +18.7 79.7 69.0 73.0 64.3 -2 .0 -2 .8 -11.0 +18.9 +32.4 +51.7 +32.0 -2 .0 56.5 42.9 52.5 38.3 -4 .8 -6 .1 -15.1 +25.9 +35.8 +71.6 +39.6 -8 .2 19.11 21.45 16.97 17. 52 -2 .9 -3 .3 -4 .6 +5.9 +2.5 +13.6 +5.5 -5 .9 35.9 35.7 31.5 33.5 -3 .8 -1 .9 -3 .4 +4.0 -11.7 -10.9 -18.4 -22.7 53.3 60.4 53.7 51.7 + .8 -.7 -1 .3 +2.2 +16.6 +26.6 +25.3 +22.3 49.2 94.2 69.7 96.7 +3.2 -1 .4 +2.0 +6.0 -.8 +51.7 +42.1 +24.0 31.8 66.2 42.7 94.1 +4.1 -3 .3 +2.7 +8.3 +15.2 +60.7 +87.3 +27.3 21.06 19. 33 20.23 19.96 + .9 -1 .9 +. 6 +2.1 +15.7 +6.5 +31.5 +2.6 35.1 35.7 34.7 38.0 +1.4 -4 .0 -.6 +2.4 -12.1 -10.7 -.5 -15.2 59.7 53.7 58.4 51.8 -.5 +1.7 +1.0 -.8 +24.8 +21.3 +27.5 +15.4 61.1 131.4 -1 .1 -2 .5 +37.0 +30.6 52.7 119.3 -2 .4 -3 .1 +58.3 +48.0 19. 76 19.90 -1 .3 -.6 +15.5 +12.9 39.4 37.5 +5.3 -2 .6 -3 .2 -3 .7 49.7 52.9 -6 .4 +1.7 +19.0 +40.0 80.8 73.3 -.6 -11.7 +49.1 +90.4 61.6 76.1 -1 .0 +73.0 -12.8 +129.9 19.88 -1 .3 +20.5 36.1 (3) -.4 55.5 -.2 +22.4 -9 .0 +23.7 +1.3 +37.9 +5.4 +77.5 - . 7 +49.5 -1 .3 +102.0 +2.4 +52.6 75.6 51.8 49.6 55.5 57.0 117.4 -8 .1 +38. 7 +3.9 +59.9 +9.7 +105.0 -2 .4 +77.9 -3 .9 +135. 5 +4.5 +57.4 26.10 21.61 23.96 20.94 23.59 18.31 +1.0 +2.6 +4.1 -1 .6 -2 .6 +2.0 +12.4 +15.4 +15.4 +19.3 +17.3 +2.9 38.7 35.0 38.2 35.6 38.8 32.6 -.8 +2.3 +1.6 -2 .7 -2 .5 -6 .3 -3 .8 +1.4 +• 9 +3.8 68.6 60.5 62.7 58.9 61.0 +2.4 +• 8 +2.6 + .9 +20.9 +19.0 +15.9 +21.8 +13.7 20.90 20.66 - 1 .9 + 4.8 - 1 .2 +37.2 35.6 37.4 + .3 - 2 .5 + 3 .6 -2 1 .5 -1 9 .9 + 6 .6 55.4 59.8 55.3 94.5 66.2 72.6 73.1 70.9 206.0 73.2 64.5 - 3 .6 -1 8 .2 +35.6 +25.0 59.5 53.4 - 5 .4 -1 4 .3 +34. 3 +71.2 (3) + 3 .7 + .8 + 1 .3 +50.1 +22.4 +28.4 T able 1 . —E M P L O Y M E N T , W E E K L Y P A Y R O LLS, P E R C A P IT A W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S, A V E R A G E H O U R S W O R K E D P E R W E E K , A N D AVERAGE H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S IN M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S IN JU NE 1934 A N D C O M P A R IS O N W IT H M A Y 1934 A N D JU NE 1933—Continued Industry Transportation equipm ent Aircraft___________ __________________________ Automobiles__________________ ________ ____ Cars, electric- and steam-railroad______________ Locomotives__________________________________ Shipbuilding_____ ____________________________ Railroad repair shops ______ _______________ ___ Electric railroad_______________ •_______________ Steam railroad_____________ __________________ Nonferrous metals and their products. _______ Aluminum manufactures. ____________________ Brass, bronze, and copper products____________ Clocks and watches and time-recording devices. Jewelry_______________ _______________________ Lighting equipment___ _____________________ Silverware and plated ware____________________ Smelting and refining—copper, lead and, zinc__ Stamped and enameled ware__________________ Lumber and allied products..________ _________ Furniture_____________________________________ Lumber: M illwork__________ _____ _________________ Sawmills____________________________ _____ Turpentine and rosin______ _ _______________ Stone, clay, and glass products________________ Brick, tile, and terra cotta...................................... C em en t._____ ________________________________ Glass_______________________________ ____ _____ Marble granite, slate, and other products______ Pottery............. ...................................... ... .............. Per capita weekly earnings1 Employment Pay roll Percentage Index change from— June 1934 (3-year average M ay June 1923-25 1934 1933 =100) Percentage Index change from— June 1934 (3-year average M ay June 1923-25 1934 1933 =100) Aver age in June 1934 Percentage change from— M ay 1934 June 1933 $24.92 22.54 20.64 22.09 22. 71 + 3 .2 - 8 .4 +1.1 + 3.6 - 4 .4 - 2 .3 + 2 .0 +35.5 +19.9 +16.2 26.66 25.04 + .3 -.4 18.74. 20.74 17.24 18.18 18.79 19.80 20.74 18.07 - 4 .4 - 2 .3 - 6 .4 + .4 +• 1 - 1 .8 + .3 - 1 .6 Average hours worked per week 1 Aver age in June 1934 Percentage change from— M ay 1934 June 1933 41.6 32.3 36.1 35.5 31.3 + 4 .3 - 7 .7 + 1 .7 + .9 - 1 .9 - 9 .6 -2 0 .9 +27.6 -1 2 .4 + 2 .5 + 8 .4 +14.9 44.7 40.3 -.9 -.2 + 4.7 + 8.4 +30.4 + 9 .5 + 1 .6 +11.9 + 6.6 +25.4 37.1 36.7 35.9 33.8 37.0 36.4 38.0 36.0 Average hourly earnings1 Aver age in June 1934 Percentage change from— M ay 1934 June 1933 59.5 69.9 57.4 62.2 72.2 -2 .0 -.6 -.5 + 2 .6 —i. 2 + 3 .0 +28.2 + 7 .4 +20.6 +27.4 +1. 2 +13.2 59.3 61.9 + 1 .2 + .2 + 7.8 + 1.9 -.5 - 2 .4 - 8 .4 - 3 .2 + 1 .4 -2 .2 + .5 - 1 .9 -1 4 .8 -1 0 .3 - 9 .1 - 9 .4 - 7 .3 - 6 .4 -1 2 .2 + 3.3 54.2 56.4 48.0 53.4 51.7 54.1 54.3 50.1 + 3 .2 (3) + 2 .1 + 5.3 - 1 .7 +35.0 +22.8 +27.8 +26.1 + 7 .7 +29.0 +20.6 +24.4 Cents 95.1 418.1 106.8 53.9 32.5 76.6 59.8 66.7 59.3 75.9 76.0 78.2 69.4 64.6 61.9 69.3 67.4 93.0 50.0 62.4 37.9 35.1 98.6 57.1 34.4 59.1 93.6 33.8 69.4 - 4 .3 +83.9 +12.6 +28.5 - 6 .7 +83. 5 +11.1 +172. 2 +11.0 +177.8 + 4 .8 +59.6 + .3 +23.6 + 1.7 + .1 + .3 +25.9 - 2 .4 +30.0 - 2 .7 +12.3 - 3 .7 +26. 5 - 3 .8 +43.1 - 1 .9 +23.3 - 5 .5 +30.6 -2 .5 +31.3 + 3.2 +60.1 - 2 .7 +23.5 - 3 .0 +17.1 +1.9 + 5.1 - 6 .2 - 2 .6 - 3 .7 - 1 .0 + 3 .8 + 2 .6 - 1 .6 - 2 .4 - 7 ,4 + 8.6 +28.6 +21.6 +24.4 +23.3 +27.1 +31.6 + 1 .5 +20.5 78.1 366.3 85.8 53.1 14.6 60.2 53.8 59.6 53.5 57.9 59.1 58.4 52.9 48.3 49.8 49.8 43.5 80.1 33.9 41.2 24.1 23.2 51.0 38.8 19.3 39.9 73.4 22.8 43.7 -1 1 .2 +92.4 +16.3 +25.7 -1 4 .5 +86.9 +12.3 +266. 2 +15.0 +231.8 +• 2 +85.2 (3) +41.2 + .4 +10.2 -.1 +45.0 —4.5 +44.8 - 7 .0 +17.3 - 6 .0 +37.1 - 9 .9 +86.9 - 1 .4 +34.5 - 5 .5 +32.4 - 4 .3 +46.9 + 3.5 +70.6 - 4 .2 +55.2 - 2 .0 +36.7 +1.8 +21.2 - 4 .9 - 4 .3 - .9 - 1 .8 + 6 .2 +11.4 - 3 .2 - 8 .3 -1 2 ,8 +19.9 +61.1 +53. 6 +35.7 +54.4 +57.7 +30.6 +10.1 +33.6 00 -.2 + .2 15.43 - .1 +15.0 34.6 + .9 -1 4 .1 44.8 -.9 +35.5 15.19 14.62 12.28 + 1.3 - 1 .7 + 2.9 +10.1 +24.4 +26.4 34.2 34.1 + .3 - 1 .4 -1 7 .5 -2 0 .1 44.3 43.5 + .7 (3) +32.0 +55.1 14.70 20.33 18.42 21.39 15.97 + 2 .2 + 8.5 - 1 .6 - 6 .1 - 5 .8 +24.2 +23.9 -.8 + 8 .6 +10.9 33.1 35.6 33.5 32.1 31.4 + 1 .2 + 8 .9 - 1 .2 - 3 .3 -9 .2 -1 0 .3 - 8 .0 -1 7 .0 + 1 .9 - 7 .8 44.2 56.4 55.0 66.1 49.7 + 1 .8 -.9 - 1 .4 - 2 .8 + 1 .8 +38.1 +39.1 +19.6 +24.3 +24.9 76177- textiles a n d th eir p ro d u c ts __________ ________ _ Fabrics................................................. ................... Carpets and rugs............... ............................. Cotton goods...................... ............................. Cotton small wares.................. ....................... Dyeing and finishing textiles. ...................... Hats, fur-felt ..................................................... Knit goods............. ............ ............................. Silk and rayon goods........................ ............ . W oolen and worsted goods........................... Wearing apparel....................... ............................ . Clothing, men’s . . ........................................... Clothing, women’s............................ .............. Corsets and allied garments........................... M en’s furnishings................. .................... ...... M illinery.............. ............................................. Shirts and collars_____ ______ _____ _______ Leath er a n d its m a n u fa c t u r e s _________________ Boots and shoes...................................... ............... Leather....... .............................. ............. ............. .. F o o d a n d k in d red p r o d u c ts ____________________ Baking________ _____ __________ ____ ________ Beverages................. ................................................ Butter______________ ______ _____ ___ ______ _ Canning and preserving______ ______ _______ _ C onfectionery....................... ................................ F lo u r...__________ ______ _____________________ Ice cream___ ____ ____________ ________ _______ Slaughtering and meat packing. _____ _______ Sugar, beet........... ................................................... Sugar refining, cane___________________________ T o b a cco m a n u fa c t u r e s ___ ____ ________________ Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff.......... Cigars and cigarettes............ ...................... .......... Paper a n d p rin tin g _____________________________ Boxes, paper--------------------------------------------------Paper and pulp______________________ _______ Printing and publishing: Book and job _____________________________ Newspapers and periodicals_______________ C hem icals a n d allied p ro d u c ts , a n d p e tro le u m refin in g________________________________________ Other than petroleum refining________________ Chemicals_________ _____ ______ _____ ____ Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal___________ Druggists’ preparations______ _____________ Explosives________________ _______________ Fertilizers____________ ____ ________ ______ Paints and varnishes____ _______ ______ ... F ootn otes a t end o f table. 91.0 90.0 68.5 94.2 80.5 105.6 74.8 110.6 75.4 81.6 113.4 87.5 96.2 64.6 104.6 87.7 86.8 91.5 105.1 114.6 183.0 88.8 90.7 68.9 74.8 86.7 101.4 47.6 89.5 63.4 73.2 61.0 94.7 83.9 106.0 84.8 - 5 .3 - 5 .2 + .7 - 7 .1 - 7 .5 6.6 - 11.6 - - 2 .9 + 3 .5 - 7 .2 - 5 .7 + .1 -1 0 .4 - 7 .7 - 7 .5 -1 7 .2 - 1 .9 - 4 .0 - 4 .9 -.6 + 5 .5 - 1 .3 1.6 - 1 .5 - 2 .3 +. 4 -1 0 .3 -.9 2.6 -3 3 .4 - 6 .1 + 11.6 + 1.8 - 4 .8 +2.8 - - 2.1 + -.3 104.5 102.9 111.7 50.7 96.9 95.7 74.4 106.1 2 .2 1.2 + 5 .2 +33.5 - 3 .7 1.1 + 9 .0 + 4 .9 + 8 .7 + 3 .6 - - - 1 5 .7 + 3 .9 + 5 .2 + 3.3 +12.8 +17.3 +16.8 +14.1 +12.5 +29.8 - 3 .6 +16.5 +25.5 +22.3 + 7 .4 +17.6 + 3 .0 - 2 .3 + 2 .7 +15.1 +15.1 +24.9 + 1.2 +8.2 - + 1 .4 + 1 .8 +21.2 + 4 .6 + 2 .8 +12.7 + .3 + 4 .9 + 3 .9 -1 7 .7 + .3 +2. 5 +. 5 1.2 + 9 .2 66.5 67.0 56.6 65.3 63.3 72.9 84.2 58.0 62.7 68.9 87.2 38.9 77.3 47.5 66.6 45.1 78.9 73.8 78.5 -1 7 .8 -1 0 .7 -1 7 .0 -1 3 .1 - 6 .0 + 4 .9 - 8 .2 - 9 .4 + 2 .3 -1 8 .1 -1 0 .4 - 7 .3 -2 4 .1 (0 - 7 .6 - 9 .1 - 2 .7 +5 .4 + 1 .3 + 9 .3 + 5.1 +22.7 - 4 .3 + 2.4 8.2 + 8 .0 + 7.5 + 9 .6 + 3.6 + 2 .0 + 2.9 - 3 .1 - 3 .1 - 1 .6 +13.1 + 7 .2 +35.1 + 7 .0 + 4 .8 -4 .1 + 7 .7 +25.6 +23.4 -1 9 .2 +24.6 +30.6 +28.3 + 5 .5 + 7 .8 - 9 .6 +34.8 +13.5 +11.7 +14.8 +35.0 21.2 +16.5 +13.7 +50.6 +18.9 +26.2 +28.3 +34.4 +14.4 + 9.5 + 8 .7 + 5 .0 + 9.5 +18.8 20.8 +24.2 71.0 87.5 - 3 .2 - 1 .0 +19.7 +14.2 - .3 -.5 +33.6 +27.0 68.8 100.0 59.0 49.7 61.7 54.6 72.6 76.4 66.7 51.5 94.1 73.9 70.5 79.8 91.9 96.5 182.5 68.0 +18.9 88.1 +38.8 - 1 5 .5 +16.9 +45.2 +33.1 +18.7 96.1 48.0 90.3 73.5 57.5 86.3 +20.2 -1 0 .3 -1 0 .5 86.6 +6.2 + + + + 1.8 +40.9 - 5 .1 -1 2 .9 +2.0 +20.6 - 2 .3 -3 1 .6 - 1.8 +61.2 +44.8 +19.4 19.35 11.17 15.31 15. 62 20.33 15.29 14.60 16.26 + 5 .4 -1 1 .5 - 3 .5 -1 1 .1 - 1 .7 - 3 .2 + 1 .2 - 1 .0 +11.2 + 2 .2 + 1.7 -1 4 .6 +7.1 +19.4 +18.4 - 1 .8 34.5 28.8 33.6 29.6 33.2 33.6 32.9 32.2 15. 73 16.24 14.84 13. 65 17. 76 12. 76 + 2.2 - 8 .6 - 2 .9 + .2 - 8 .4 + 1.9 +27.6 +28.0 + 8.4 +14.6 + 7 .2 +29.8 29.3 - 1 .3 33.1 32.6 - 2 .9 - 2 .1 32.5 (3) 17.20 20.16 - 4 .4 - 2 .2 + 7.7 + 2.0 35.8 37.6 - 3 .0 -.3 21.89 29.68 20.95 11.90 14.95 21.12 25.04 21.82 22.07 22. 67 + .1 + .9 -.1 - 8 .0 -.6 +1.3 - .8 + 3.0 - 1 .0 + 5.8 + 4.0 + 2.1 +1. 2 +34.6 +23.3 +8. 4 + 2.7 + 9.8 +6.3 - 7 .1 41.7 40.0 13.70 13.30 +7.1 + .1 18.08 18.38 + 5 .2 -1 4 .0 - 5 .1 -1 1 .9 + 7 .8 - 4 .5 + 1 .2 - 2 .4 -2 0 .3 - 4 0 .9 - 2 4 .7 -4 1 .6 + .5 -2 4 .9 -2 2 .9 - 3 1 .7 55.9 38.1 46.3 52.2 66.3 45.8 44.2 50.5 + 1.1 + 1 .9 + 1.8 +• 2 - 3 .9 + 1 .6 + .5 + 1 .4 -2 3 .0 53.5 + 4 .7 + 56.7 -1 2 .8 - 1 7 .4 47.4 39.2 -.2 + 1 .8 +29.4 +71.1 -2 0 .8 38.5 + 2 .1 +60.1 -3 2 .3 -1 8 .5 50.5 52.6 -1 .0 -.9 +49.7 + 29.2 + .5 + 1 .5 -1 0 .0 - 2 2 .2 52.0 73.8 -.2 -.8 +16.4 + 31.7 30.8 36.3 38.8 46.0 40.3 38.9 39.2 - 7 .8 +• 6 + 1 .0 + 1 .5 + 2 .0 + 3 .5 + 4 .0 -1 4 .3 + 5.9 -1 7 .5 -1 4 .3 -1 5 .7 -1 4 .8 -1 9 .9 38.7 41.0 53.6 55.3 53.1 59.5 56.1 + 1 .6 +• 2 (3) - 2 .5 -.2 - 6 .4 + 2.7 +31.8 + 21.2 +29.2 +15.3 +28.1 +24.3 + 17.8 +7. 6 + 6.6 34.1 35.3 + 4 .0 - 1 .7 -1 6 .4 -1 5 .0 38.7 37.5 + 2.9 + 1.4 +27.5 5 +24.0 - 1 .5 -.4 +5. 2 -.4 36.2 35.9 - 1 .4 - 1 .4 -1 8 .0 -2 1 .6 49.6 51.1 +. 6 + 1 .2 +28.6 +27.9 26.06 32.49 - 1 .2 -.8 +7.3 + 4.6 35.6 37.0 - 1 .9 - 1 .9 - 2 .7 - 5 .5 72.5 85.8 +• 1 + .2 +8. 5 +11.4 24.18 10.59 20. 56 21.91 12.89 22.13 + 1.5 + 5.8 + 2.9 +• 4 + 2.6 -.6 + 2.4 + 3.3 + 3.3 +11.3 + 8.4 + .5 38.6 40.9 38.2 33.6 31.8 39.4 + .8 +4.1 + 2 .7 - 1 .8 - 2 .8 - 1 .3 —II. 6 -3 3 .5 - 2 .2 - 8 .2 -3 2 .0 -1 6 .9 62.3 26.3 52.2 59.0 40.8 54.7 + .8 + 3 .5 + 1 .8 + .7 + 6 .3 + .6 +14.7 +53.6 + 9 .9 +12.9 +58.5 +21.2 + 40.4 +69.3 +39.6 + 43.0 + 41.4 +55.5 + 48.5 + 14.7 T able 1.—E M P L O Y M E N T , W E E K L Y P A Y R O LLS , P E R C A P IT A W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S, A V E R A G E H O U R S W O R K E D P E R W E E K , A N D A V E R A G E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S IN M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S IN JUNE 1934 A N D C O M PA R IS O N W IT H M A Y 1934 A N D JU NE 1933—Continued Employment Industry Chemical and allied products, and petroleum refl ning—C ontinued. Other than petroleum refining—Continued. Rayon and allied products....... ....................... Soap____________ ____________________ ____ Petroleum refining____________________ _______ Rubber products______ _____ _________________ Rubber boots and shoes_______________________ Rubber goods, other than boots, shoes, tires, and inner tubes____________________ . Rubber tires and inner tubes_____________ ____ Per capita weekly earnings 1 Pay roll Percentage Index Index change from— June June 1934 1934 (3-year (3-year average M ay June average 1923-25 1934 1933 1923-25 =100) = 100) Percentage change from— M ay 1934 June 1933 Aver age in June 1934 Average hours worked per week 1 Percentage change from— M ay 1934 June 1933 + 2.2 + 1.2 - 1 .2 +15.3 + 2 .3 -.6 Aver age in June 1934 Percentage change from— M ay 1934 June 1933 + .3 -.3 - 1 .4 - 9 .6 -1 7 .0 -1 2 .4 Average hourly earnings 1 Aver age in June 1934 Percentage change from— M ay 1934 June 1933 Cents 51.5 55.0 74.0 + 1 .8 + 1 .3 + .3 +31.2 +20.9 +19.5 273.8 99.9 111.4 85.6 46.6 + 2 .3 - 2 .3 + 1 .7 - 3 .9 - 2 .5 + 5.3 +15.2 +15.0 +23.5 +18.6 200.0 86.0 93.1 66.5 41.1 + 4 .6 - 1 .2 + .5 - 5 .4 - 4 .0 +21.4 +18.1 +14.2 +24.8 +20.2 $19.26 21.23 26.43 17.98 - 1 .5 + 4 .4 35.6 - 2 .7 -1 2 .4 46.4 - 1 .3 +34.3 124.2 81.7 - 8 .1 -1 .2 +22.1 +25.7 99.4 61.1 - 6 .1 - 5 .2 +29.9 +22.9 18.64 23.48 + 2.2 - 4 .0 + 6 .5 | 36.4 30.3 + 2 .5 - 5 .9 -1 5 .4 -2 9 .0 50.6 77.4 - .2 + .9 +22.0 +34.9 ~ 2' 1 37.4 37.9 34.7 1 1 Per capita weekly earnings are computed from figures furnished b y all reporting establishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data furnished b y a smaller number of establishments as some firms do not report man-hour information. Figures for groups not computed. Percentage changes over year on per capita weekly earnings, average hours worked per week, and average hourly earnings computed from indexes. Percentage change over month on per capita weekly earnings in “ all industries” also computed from indexes. 2 Weighted. 3 N o change. * Less than Ho of 1 percent. * Percentage change from M ay 1933 to M ay 1934, which was published in the M ay 1934 Trend of Employment, should have been +23.5 instead of +12.3. 9 Estim ated Total N um ber of W age Earners and W eekly P ay Rolls in M a n u facturing Industries I n the following table are presented the estimated number of wage earners and weekly pay rolls in all manufacturing industries combined and in the 14 groups into which these manufacturing industries have been classified, for the years from 1919 to 1933, inclusive, and for the first 6 months of 1934. These estimates have been computed by multiplying the weighting factor of the several groups of industries (number employed or weekly pay roll in the index base period 1923-25.) by the Bureau’s index numbers of employment or pay rolls (which have been adjusted to conform with census trends over the period 1919-31) and dividing by 100. Data are not available for all groups over the entire period shown. The totals for all manufacturing industries combined, however, have been adjusted to include all groups. The estimated total employment and weekly pay roll for all manufacturing industries combined do not include the manufactured gas industry (which is included in the Bureau’s electric light and power and manufactured gas industry) or the motion-picture industry. T 2 .—E S T IM A T E D N U M B E R OF W A G E E A R N E R S A N D W E E K L Y W A G E S IN A L L M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S C O M B IN E D A N D IN I N D U S T R Y G R O U P S —Y E A R L Y A V E R A G E S 1919 TO 1933, IN C L U S IV E , A N D M O N T H S , J A N U A R Y T O JU NE 1934 able Year and month Total manu facturing Iron and steel and their products Machinery, not includ Transpor tation ing trans portation equipment equipment Railroad repair shops Nonferrous metals and their prod ucts E m p lo y m e n t 1919 a vera ge----------------------1920______ _________________ 1921_____ _________ ________ 1922____________ ____ ______ 1923________________________ 1924________ ____ __________ 1925___________________ ____ 1926________________________ 1927___________________ ____ 1928________________________ 1929___________________ ____ 1930________________________ 1931____ ___________________ 1932________________________ 1933________________________ 1934: January______________ February_____________ M arch_______________ A p ril._____ __________ M a y ___________ ____ _ Ju n e............... ............... 8,983,900 9,065,600 6,899,700 7, 592, 700 8, 724,900 8,083, 700 8,328,200 8,484,400 8, 288,400 8,285,800 8, 785,600 7,668,400 6,484,300 5,374,200 5, 778,400 6,146,000 6, 514,200 6,770,100 6,897,800 6,904,300 6, 799,900 858,600 926,300 572,400 722, 500 892,400 833,700 851,200 880,200 834,900 829,800 881,000 766, 200 598,400 458,100 503,400 545,500 572, 200 601,400 623,700 646,000 656,400 1,026,800 1,131,700 680,700 717,400 928,600 835,400 870, 500 946, 700 897,800 922, 500 1,105,700 918, 700 687,000 494,600 517,100 614,700 640,100 674,400 705,100 713,900 709,500 0) 0) 0) 0) 606,200 524,500 559,600 558,600 495,100 541,900 583,200 451,800 373,800 315,700 305,600 401,200 477,300 526,300 558,400 560,100 535,900 0) 0) (0 (0 523,700 464,900 458,100 460,700 428,900 404,000 398,200 353,800 309,000 257,400 250,600 254, 500 257,400 267,600 278, 700 287,300 288,300 0) 0) 0) (0 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 209,000 164,200 175,200 190, 200 200,400 212, 200 217,300 219,900 214, 500 W eekly p a y rolls 1919 average.............. ............. $198,145,000 $23,937,000 $24,534,000 0) 0) 1920_________________ ______ 238,300,000 30, 531,000 31,982,000 0) 0) 1921_________ _____ ________ 155,008,000 14,049,000 16,450,000 0) <0 165,406,000 17,400,000 16,982,000 1922________________________ 0) 0) 210,065,000 25,442,000 24,618,000 $18,532,000 $14,856,000 1923________________________ 1924____ _____ _____________ 195,376,000 23,834,000 22,531,000 15,636,000 12,972,000 204,665,000 24,680,000 23,843,000 17,478,000 12,847,000 1925__________ _____ _______ 211,061,000 25,875,000 26,310,000 17,126,000 13,025,000 1926_____ ___________ ______ 1927________________________ ; 206,980,000 24,289,000 25,095,000 15,450,000 12,475,000 i Comparable data not available. 0) (l) 0) 0) 0) (1) (1) 0) 0) 10 T 2 . — E S T IM A T E D N U M B E R OF W A G E E A R N E R S A N D W E E K L Y W A G E S IN A L L M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S C O M B IN E D A N D IN IN D U S T R Y G R O U P S —Y E A R L Y A V E R A G E S 1919 T O 1933, IN C L U S IV E , A N D M O N T H S , J A N U A R Y T O JU N E 1934— Continued able Total manu facturing Year and month Iron and steel and their products Machinery not includ Transpor ing trans tation portation equipment equipment Railroad repair shops Nonferrous metals and their prod ucts W eekly pay rolls—Continued 192 8 192 9 1930— ............. . 193 1 193 2 1933.................. 1934: January.. February. M a rch .... A pril____ M a y ........ June........ Year and month $208,334,000 $24,740,000 $26,334,000 $17,494,000 $11,817,000 221.937.000 26.568.000 31.761.000 18.136.000 12,255,000 180.507.000 21.126.000 24.197.000 12.076.000 10, 316,000 137.256.000 13.562.000 15.135.000 9.008.000 8, 3 6 6 , 000 93.757.000 7.164.000 8.546.000 7.012.000 5, 793,000 98.623.000 8.925.000 8.975.000 6, 799,000 5.652.000 109.806.000 10.134.000 11.260.000 5, 710,000 9.072.000 123.395.000 11.269.000 12.253.000 12.394.000 6.185.000 131.852.000 12.650.000 13.199.000 14.546.000 6, 577,000 136.962.000 14.006.000 14.311.000 15.871.000 7.188.000 136, 575,000 15.115.000 14, 713,000 15.148.000 7.297.000 132.040.000 15.436.000 14.571.000 13.444.000 7.297.000 Lumber and allied products Stone, clay, and glass products Textiles and their products Fabrics Wearing apparel Total 0) $4,622,000 2.865.000 3.039.000 3.452.000 3.826.000 4.163.000 4.317.000 4.441.000 4.243.000 Leather and its manu factures E m p lo y m e n t 863.800 1919 average___ 1920 . . 821,200 703,000 1921 . . 894.300 1922 . . 192 3 ____ _ 932.100 192 4 ______ 901.300 192 5 921,600 192 6 922.300 864.100 1927— ............... 848.100 1928___________ 1929— ............. 876, 500 1930.................... 699.400 1931. — 516,900 1932........... ..................... .....................377.800 406.100 1933_____ _____ 1934: January.. 418.800 432, 600 February. M a rch .... 445.400 453, 700 April........ M a y ........ 468.400 459,200 June......... 302.700 314.500 253.000 299,600 351.400 346.400 352.700 363.500 349.800 334,900 328.500 280.800 222,800 156.000 157.500 165, 700 174.400 182.500 193.700 202,100 200.000 1,052,600 1,045,300 994,300 1.054.900 1.164.400 1.041.900 1,109, 500 1,095, 700 1,119, 200 1.062.400 1.095.900 950.400 886, 700 794,100 952, 600 988.400 1,065,800 1.087.900 1,070, 200 1,049,200 995,000 507.800 519.400 473.900 487.800 499.300 455.800 466,500 472.800 501.400 513.100 536, 700 497, 700 472.000 401.800 418.100 385.900 442.800 471.300 474.100 440.000 423.400 1.609.400 1.612.400 1.509.400 1,585,500 1, 714,300 1,545, 500 1.627.400 1,628,000 1.694.400 1, 651,300 1, 706,900 1, 513,000 1,421,000 1,250,300 1,432, 700 1,437,100 1, 577,300 1.629.400 1,614, 700 1, 565,900 1,482,800 349.600 318.600 280,100 314.600 344.800 311.700 314.200 312, 700 316,000 309.400 318.600 295.100 272.800 255, 500 269.400 268.200 292.100 299,900 298.600 295.700 283.700 $6,397,000 $17,494,000 $10,121,000 $28,440,000 8.239.000 21.005.000 12.124.000 34.115.000 5.907.000 17.235.000 10.266.000 28.284.000 6.442.000 17.747.000 10.438.000 28.962.000 8, 726,000 21.590.000 10.919.000 33.511.000 8.926.000 19.014.000 9.804.000 29.712.000 8.985.000 20.497.000 10.284.000 31, 795,000 9, 257,000 20.241.000 10.297.000 31.731.000 8.929.000 21.135.000 11.123.000 33.817.000 8.541.000 19, 510,000 11.114.000 32.199.000 8.323.000 20.251.000 11.476.000 33.321.000 6.828.000 16.167.000 9.680.000 27.115.000 4.786.000 14.308.000 8.338.000 23, 799,000 2.588.000 10.367.000 5, 733,000 16.947.000 2.455.000 12.664.000 5.757.000 19.394.000 2.655.000 13.647.000 5.850.000 20, 526,000 7.473.000 24.676.000 2.956.000 15.948.000 3.081.000 16.457.000 8.414.000 26.164.000 3.445.000 16.152.000 7.866.000 25.277.000 3.507.000 15.256.000 7.039.000 23.472.000 3.445.000 13.647.000 6.377.000 21.065.000 $6,978,000 7.437.000 6.040.000 6.711.000 7.472.000 6.654.000 6.831.000 6, 909,000 7.009.000 6.696.000 6.915.000 5, 748,000 5.035.000 4.060.000 4,394, 000 4, 716,000 5, 708,000 5.896.000 5.736.000 5.512.000 5.093.000 W eekly p a y rolls 1919 average___ 1920................... 1921. . 1922 . 1923 . 192 4 192 5 ............ 1926. . 192 7 192 8 1929— . ............. 1930 . . 1931 . . 193 2 ........ 193 3 ......... 1934: January.. February. M arch__ A pril....... M a y ........ June........ $16, 549,000 20.358.000 13.161.000 15.234.000 18.526.000 18.228.000 18.824.000 18.997.000 17.916.000 17.454.000 18.062.000 13,464,000 8.641.000 4.656.000 4.900.000 5.075.000 5.650.000 5.909.000 6.168.000 6.409.000 6.279.000 11 T 2 .—E S T IM A T E D N U M B E R OF W A G E E A R N E R S A N D W E E K L Y W A G E S IN A L L M A N U F A C T U R I N G IN D U S T R IE S C O M B IN E D A N D I N D U S T R Y G R O U P S —Y E A R L Y A V E R A G E S 1919 T O 1933,I N C L U S IV E , A N D M O N T H S , J A N U A R Y T O JU N E 1934—Continued able Year and month Foods and kindred products Tobacco manufac tures Paper and printing Chemicals and allied products Rubber products E m p lo y m e n t 1919 average....................................... 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924. 1925 1926 1927 W fi 1929. 1930. 1931. 1932 1933. 1934: January................... .......... February................................. M arch________ ____________ A pril------- --------------------------M a y_______ _______________ June............. ...........................- 733,600 713,000 626,400 651,400 681,900 657,800 664,400 664,400 679,400 707,100 753, 500 731,100 650, 500 577,100 631,000 628,700 627,800 643,100 649,500 665,400 702,600 157,000 154,000 149,900 146,400 146,300 136,700 132,100 125,700 129,300 125,600 116,100 108,300 99,700 88,600 82,700 75,400 85,900 89,100 89,500 84,800 86,400 510,100 549,100 467,100 489,400 527,400 529,200 537,100 553,600 553,500 558,300 591,500 574,100 511,800 451,000 458,400 490, 700 494, 500 497,600 505,100 509,300 503,000 (*) (0 0) (0 342,700 322,200 334,200 355,100 346,700 342,500 384,800 364,700 316,800 279,700 315,400 359,200 368,300 375*600 377,400 353, 500 348,100 h 0) 0) 137,800 123,200 141,800 141,200 142,000 149,200' 149,100* 115, 500 : 99,200^ 87,80099,300 110,1003 113,600' 117,000 120,900 119,700 115,000 W eekly p a y rolls 1919:average....................................... 1920. 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925. 1926.. 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934: January_______________ ___ February........ ........................ M arch...................................... A pril........................................ M a y ........................................ June...................................... $14,879,000 16,698,000 14,333,000 14,142, 000 15,296,000 15,155,000 15,268,000 15,503,000 15,838,000 16,388,000 17, 344,000 16, 593,000 14,173,000 11,308,000 11,604,000 12,301,000 12,352,000 12,522,000 12,663,000 13,296,000 14,008,000 $2,386,000 2,772,000 2,325,000 2,206,000 2,317,000 2, 213,000 2,147,000 2,049,000 2,025,000 1,916,000 1,819,000 1,617,000 1,336,000 1,052,000 944,000 886,000 1,012,000 1,019,000 1,028,000 1,030,000 1, 057,000 $10,873,000 14, 729,000 12, 259,000 12, 762,000 14, 304,000 14, 797,000 15,506,000 16,478,000 16, 501,000 16,691,000 17, 771,000 17,036,000 14,461,000 11,126,000 10,299,000 11,045,000 11, 297,000 11, 550,000 11,847,000 11,981,000 11, 728,000 0) 0) C1) 0) $8,499,000 8,013,000 8,444,000 9,055,000 8,978,000 8,997,000 10,068,000 9, 334,000 7,643,000 5,861,000 6,179,000 7,035,000 7, 257,000 7,417,000 7,683,000 7,352,000 7,333,000 0) 0) 0) 0) $3,500,000 3,223,000 3,676,000 3, 707,000 3,810,000 4,069,000 3,986,000 2,934,000 2,165,000 1,555,000 1, 740,000 2,036,000 2, 261,000 2,445,000 2, 546,000 2,438,000 2,306,000 1 Comparable data not available. Index Numbers of Employment and Pay-Roll Totals in Manufacturing Industries G e n e r a l index numbers of factory employment and pay rolls by months, from January 1919 to June 1934, inclusive, together with average indexes for each of the years from 1919 to 1933, inclusive, and for the 6-month period, January to June 1934, inclusive, based on the 3-year average, 1923-25, as 100, are shown in the following table. A chart of these indexes also follows. 12 3 . —G E N E R A L IN D E X E S OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y -R O L L T O T A L S IN M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S B Y M O N T H S —J A N U A R Y 1919 TO JU N E 1934, IN C L U S IV E T a b le [3-year average, 1923-25=100] Employment M onth January_____ February____ M arch........ . A pril________ M a y ........ . June________ J u ly........ ....... August______ S eptem b er... October_____ N ovem ber. . . December___ 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 105.3 102.0 102.4 102.5 103.1 104.3 106.9 109.7 111.7 111.3 112.6 114.4 114.9 113.7 116.0 114.5 112.0 111.1 108.5 108.8 107.5 103.7 97.4 89.7 81.0 82.6 83.2 82.1 81.9 81.0 79.8 81.2 83.4 84.1 84.2 83.3 82.5 84.6 85.9 85.8 87.9 89.8 88.2 91.4 94.5 97.0 99.0 100.5 100.7 100.2 96.3 102.5 101.5 98.1 104.6 101.7 98.8 105.0 99.9 98.7 105.3 96.8 98.1 106.0 93.8 98.0 104.9 91.0 97.8 105.2 92.1 99.5 105.7 94.4 101.5 104.5 95.3 102.2 103.2 94.8 101.8 101.4 96.1 101.5 100.5 98.2 95.0 100.8 101.5 99.7 96.5 102.9 102.1 100.2 97.6 104.1 101.4 99.6 97.1 105.3 100.4 99.1 97.0 105.3 100.3 99.1 97.8 105.6 99.4 98.1 97.7 106.1 101.4 99.3 100.1 107.9 103.4 100.5 102.2 109.0 103.1 99. 6 102. 6 107.7 101.4 97.4 101.7 103.6 100.0 96.1 101.2 99.8 97.3 97.4 96.9 96.3 94.8 92.9 89.5 88.8 89. 6 87.7 84.6 82.3 79.6 80.3 80.7 80.7 80.1 78.4 77.0 77.1 77.4 74.4 71.8 71.0 68.7 69.5 68.4 66.1 63.4 61.2 58.9 60.1 63.3 64.4 63.4 62.1 60.2 61.1 58.8 59.9 62.6 66.9 71. 5 76.4 80.0 79.6 76.2 74.4 73.3 77.7 80.8 82.3 82.4 81.1 Average... 107.2 108.2 82.3 90.6 104.1 96.5 99.4 101.2 98.9 98.9 104.8 91.5 77.4 64.1 69.0 179.6 Pay rolls January_____ February____ M arch______ A pril-----------M a y ________ June________ July_________ August______ Septem ber.. . October.......... N ovem ber__ December___ A verage... 95.3 89.6 90.0 89.2 90.0 92.0 94.8 99.9 104.7 102.2 106.7 114.0 117.2 115.5 123.7 120.9 122.4 124.2 119.3 121. 6 119.8 115.8 107.0 98.0 82.8 81.3 81.7 79.0 77.3 75.4 71.7 73.9 73.4 72.6 71.7 73.3 69.6 72.4 74.9 73.8 77.2 80.5 78.5 83.0 87.0 89.5 93.4 95.7 94.6 98.8 95.4 97.9 104.1 100.8 102.5 104.1 102.4 103.8 101.8 100.0 107.3 97.5 100.7 107.5 92.4 98.7 103.3 85. 7 96.8 103.8 89.3 99.3 104.3 92.5 98.8 106.6 95.1 104.6 104.5 93.7 104.6 102.9 97.6 105.2 100.9 98.4 96.0 102.3 105.0 104.4 101.2 109.3 106.5 105.7 102.5 111.6 104.4 104.5 100.5 112.6 103.1 104.0 101.3 112.9 103.3 102.4 101.7 111.2 99.0 98.5 99.0 107.2 103.4 101.9 103. 3 112.0 104.4 101.4 104.7 112.9 107. 6 102.1 108.2 112.4 104.1 98.5 105.0 104.1 103.5 99.5 105. 6 100.7 95.9 98.8 98.8 97. 7 95.4 92.3 84. 3 83.3 84.1 82.2 76.8 75. 2 70.0 74.3 75.6 74.4 73.4 69.7 66.2 65.9 63.4 61.3 58.1 57.6 53.5 54.6 53.1 49.5 46.8 43.4 39.8 40. 6 42.9 44.7 42.9 41.5 39.5 40.2 37.1 38.8 42.7 47.2 50.8 56.8 59.1 59.4 55.5 54.5 54.0 60.6 64.8 67.3 67.1 64.9 ------- 97.4 117.1 76.2 81.3 103.3 96.1 100.6 103.8 101.8 102.4 109.1 88.7 67.5 46.1 48.5 163.1 i Average for 6 months. For comparative purposes the Bureau has computed the group and general index numbers of employment and pay rolls for June 1934 based on the 12-month average for 1926 as 100. These are a con tinuation of the former series of indexes covering 89 industries and show some slight differences in percentage changes from the previous month when compared with those shown by the revised series. These differences are due to changes in method of construction and weighting factors and to the inclusion of the canning and preserving industry in the revised series of indexes. These indexes on the 1926 base are presented in table 4, which follows: E m p lo y m e n t & P a y r o ll s n„. M a n u fa c tu r in g In d u str ie s 3 year average 1^23~l^Zf=100 U .S.D epartm en t of L ab or BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS W ashington Index Numbers 140- Index Numbers 140 -130 130VVv 120110100- 90- J 80 - -120 A\\ \\ \ ] -110 \ -100 - 90 - f V 70) JL ° a y k 60- 80 \ “Y : 70 roll r r - - 60 7 -5 0 5 °: m - - 40 30 - 20- - 20 - 10 10IIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIII 0 - iLHLUm 30 1919 1920 1921 iii i i ii i ii i i ii iiii iii i 1922 1923 1LIJ1LLLLLL i i i i i i i i i i i 1924 1925 i ii i iii iii i i ii i iii iii i 1926 1927 IIIIIIIIIII nun ... IIIIIIIIIII lllllllllll IIIIIIIIIII mmiiiM 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 iii i i ii i ii i 1934 1111111u.il 1935 - 0 14 T 4 . —IN D E X E S OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S (B A S E D ON T H E 12-M ON TH A V E R A G E F O R 1926=100) IN 14 M A J O R M A N U F A C T U R IN G G R O U P S , 2 SU B G R O U P S , A N D A L L M A N U F A C T U R IN G C O M B IN E D , F O R JU N E 1934 able Group A ll manufacturing_________ ____ ________ ____ ______________ ___________ Iron and steel and their products, not including machinery_____ ____ ___________ Machinery, not including transportation equipment___________________________ Transportation equipment___________________________ ____ ____________________ Railroad repair shops__________________________________________________________ Nonferrous metals and their products_______________________ _ _______________ Lum ber and allied products— _____ _________________ ____ ____________________ Stone, clay, and glass products-________ _______________________________________ Textiles and their products_____________________________________________________ F abrics..__________ ________________________________________________________ Wearing apparel_________ _______ _________________________________________ Leather and its manufactures_______________________________ _ _______________ Food and kindred products______________________________ ____ ________________ T obacco manufactures_________ ____ __________________________________________ Paper and printing____________________________________________________________ Chemicals and allied products and petroleum refining__________________________ Rubber products_______________________________________________________________ E m ploy ment in dex Pay-roll index 76.4 59.5 80.2 71.4 90.9 55.6 73.4 47.7 57.0 81.5 86.8 68.9 82.9 100.0 69.8 90.7 95.9 87.1 62.4 53.9 73.6 49.1 55.8 30.5 37.5 57.8 63.5 46.6 62. 5 86.5 54.8 73.3 80.6 67.6 Employment in Nonmanufacturing Industries in June 1934 LEVEN of the fourteen nonmanufacturing industries surveyed monthly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported gains in employment from May to June and nine reported larger pay rolls in June than in May. Data for the building-construction industry are not presented here, but are shown in detail under the section “ Build ing construction.” The most pronounced gains in employment and pay rolls (4.4 per cent and 5.5 percent, respectively), were in quarrying and nonmetallic mining, this being the fourth successive month in which gains have been registered in this industry. Employment in the crude-petro leum-producing industry rose 4.3 percent and pay rolls increased 1 percent. Laundries reported gains of 2.3 percent and 2 percent in employment and pay rolls, respectively. The electric light and power and manufactured gas industry showed a gain of 1.1 percent in em ployment, and the electric-railroad and motor-bus operations indus try reported a gain of 0.9 percent. Employment in the dyeing and cleaning industry increased 0.7 percent from May to June and the hotels and metalliferous mining industries reported gains in employ ment of 0.6 percent each. The telephone and telegraph industry showed a gain of 0.3 percent and the banks-brokerage-insurancereal-estate group reported a gain of 0.2 percent. Employment in the bituminous-coal mining industry showed practically no change, the gain being less than one-tenth of 1 percent. Of the three industries showing decreases in employment, the only pronounced change was in the anthracite-mining industry, in which employment declined 9.8 percent from May to June. The correspond ing loss in pay rolls was 16.8 percent. Employment in wholesale- E 15 trade establishments fell off 0.6 percent over the month interval and pay rolls increased 0.2 percent. Reports received from 36,851 retail trade establishments showed decreases of 0.7 percent in employment and 0.3 percent in pay rolls. The group of department stores, general-merchandise and limited-price stores, and mail-order houses showed a decrease of 1.4 percent in employment and 0. 7 percent in pay rolls. The combined totals of the remaining 34,407 retail-trade establishments reporting, showed practically no changes in employ ment and pay rolls from May to June. In table 1, which follows, are shown indexes of employment and pay rolls, per capita weekly earnings, average hours worked per week, and average hourly earnings in June 1934 for 13 of the 14 nonmanufactur ing industries surveyed monthly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, together with percentages of change from M ay 1934 and June 1933. Similar percentages of change in employment, pay rolls, and per capita weekly earnings, as well as average per capita weekly earnings, are likewise presented for the banks-brokerage-insurance-real-estate group. Indexes of employment and pay rolls for this group have been temporarily discontinued. 7 6 1 7 7 — 3 4 --------- H T 1 . — E M P L O Y M E N T , W E E K L Y P A Y R O LLS, P E R C A P IT A W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S, A V E R A G E H O U R S W O R K E D P E R W E E K , A N D A V E R A G E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S IN N O N M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S IN JUNE 1934 A N D C O M P A R IS O N W IT H M A Y 1934 A N D JU NE 1933 able Employment Industry Coal mining: Anthracite—.................. ................. Bituminous____________________ Metalliferous mining_______________ Quarrying and nonmetallic m in in g.. Crude-petroleum producing................ Public utilities: Telephone and telegraph.......... Electric light and power and manufactured gas_____________ Electric-railroad and motor-bus operation and maintenance___ Trade: Wholesale_______ _____ ________ Retail_________ ________________ Hotels (cash payments only) 6______ Laundries_______________ __________ Dyeing and cleaning________________ Banks, brokerage, insurance, and real estate................................... ........ Index June 1934 (average 1929= 100) 57.5 76.7 41.0 56.6 80.0 Percentage change from— M ay 1934 - 9 .8 + 3 + .6 + 4 .4 + 4.3 Per capita weekly earnings 1 Pay roll June 1933 +45.6 +25.1 +30.2 +19.7 +37.9 Index June 1934 (average 1929= 100) 53.3 55.1 26.7 37.0 56.9 Percentage change from— Average in June 1934 M ay 1934 June 1933 -1 6 .8 + 1 .3 + 4 .2 +5. 5 + 1 .0 +55.4 +88.7 +45.9 +34.5 +40.1 $26.98 18.54 20.99 16.96 26.87 Percentage change from— M ay 1934 - 7 .8 + 1.3 + 3.6 +1.1 - 3 .2 June 1933 Average hours worked per week 1 Average in June 1934 + 6.8 +50.8 +12.0 +12.6 +1.6 2 31.7 26.2 37. 4 35.8 34.0 Percentage change from— Average hourly earnings 1 Average in June 1934 M ay 1934 June 1933 2 - 8 .6 - 1 .1 + 3.6 + 1 .4 - 2 .6 2 + 1.6 - 4 .3 - 5 .8 -1 1 .9 -2 2 .4 Cents 2 82.3 71.3 55.5 48.0 79.2 Percentage change from— M av 1934 June 1933 2 - 0 .2 + 1 .4 0) + 8 + .6 2 + 2 .2 +52.4 +18.7 +30.1 +24.3 70.4 + .3 + 1 .7 71.3 -.2 +7.1 26.80 -.4 + 5.3 38.3 + .5 + 2 .4 71.2 -.7 + 2 .9 84.0 + 1.1 + 8 .7 77.8 + 3 +11.3 29.35 -.7 + 2.4 38.8 - 1 .3 - 8 .1 75.7 + .4 +12.1 73.2 + 9 + 5 .6 63.2 + 4 + 9 .0 27. 61 -.5 + 3.1 45.8 -.2 - 1 .7 59.8 -.3 +10.1 84.1 88.2 86.2 6 84. 0 6 84.9 -.6 -.7 +. 6 + 2 .3 + .7 +11.1 +12.6 +17.1 + 6.1 + 7.3 66.5 71.6 66.2 6 68.3 6 64.1 + .2 -.3 + .5 + 2 .0 - 1 .5 +16.1 +18.3 +26.6 +15.0 +19.4 26.38 20.03 13. 22 15.30 18.39 + .8 + 4 -.1 - .3 - 2 .2 + 4.5 + 5 .0 + 8 .0 + 8.4 +11.2 41.2 39.7 47.1 39.9 41.0 + .2 - 1 .0 -.8 (4) -.7 -1 0 .7 -1 3 .3 - 6 .1 - 4 .8 -1 4 .7 63.8 50.8 27.4 37.8 44.5 (4) + 2 .0 (4) -.3 - 1 .8 +17.6 +19.8 +16.6 +14.2 +27.4 8+2 8 + 3 .1 8 - 1 .1 8+ 4 .3 31.94 (7) (7) 0) (7) (7) 8 - 1 .3 8 + 1 .2 (7) (7) (7) 1 Per capita weekly earnings are computed from figures furnished by all reporting establishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data furnished b y a smaller number of establishments, as some firms do not report man-hour information. Percentage changes over year computed from indexes. 2 M ay data revised—Average hours in M a y 1934 are 34.6, percentages of change from April 1934 and M ay 1933 are +3.9 and +37.8, respectively. Average hourly earnings in M a y 1934 are 83.2 cents, percentages of change from April 1934 and M ay 1933 are +2.6 and +2.9, respectively. 3 Less than Ho of 1 percent. 4 N o change. 8 The additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed. Revised to conform with average shown b y 1931 Census of Manufactures. 7 Not available. 8 Weighted. 17 Indexes of Employment and Pay-Roll Totals for Nonmanufacturing Industries I n d e x numbers of employment and pay-roll totals for 13 nonmanu facturing industries are presented in table 2. These index numbers show the variation in employment and pay rolls in these industries, by months, from January 1931 through June 1934. A revision of the indexes, similar to that made for the manufacturing industries, was made for the laundry and the dyeing and cleaning industries in March 1934. The indexes of employment and pay rolls in these industries were adjusted to conform with the trends shown by the 1929 and 1931 census reports and this new series will be continued until further adjustments, if necessary, are made when 1933 census data become available. T able 2 .—I N D E X E S OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S F O R N O N M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S , J A N U A R Y 1931 T O JU N E 1934 [12-month average, 1929=100] Bituminous-coal mining Anthracite mining M onth Employment Pay rolls E mployment Pay rolls 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 January_________ February_______ M arch_____ ____ April....... ............. M a y ______ _____ June____________ July ___ August--------------September______ O ctober................ N ovem ber............ December............. Average----- 90.6 89.5 82.0 85.2 80.3 76.1 65.1 67.3 80.0 86.8 83.5 79.8 80.5 76.2 71.2 73.7 70.1 66.9 53.0 44.5 49.2 55.8 63.9 62.7 62.3 62.5 89.3 101.9 71.3 75.2 76.1 66.7 53.7 56.4 ____ 64.9 ____ 91.1 ____ 79.5 78.4 51.7 ‘ 62.4 75.4 52.5 58.7 54.6 51.6 43.2 39.5 43.8 47.7 56.8 56.9 61.0 54.5 64.1 63.2 67.5 58.2 63.8 57.5 61.5 57.3 61.2 72.0 58.0 37.4 34.5 41.4 47.0 66.7 51.0 56.2 53.7 43.2 56.8 48.8 37.4 30.0 34.3 38.2 46.6 60.7 61.6 47.8 44.3 73.2 65.8 82.4 51.7 64.0 53.3 68.3 49.3 65.3 46.9 63. 51 45.0 63.9 43.3 62.4 38.3 60.0| 32.2 56.2 29.5 55.8 28.6 55.5 29.3 53.8 30.5 52.8 31.9 51.2 33.3 59.1 1 36.5 32.4 39.6 31.5 40.3 30.0 39.8 29.4 41.7 30.0 40.8 31.5 41.0 33.0 ____ 36.8 ____ 38.9 ____ 40.7 ____ 40.6 ____ 40.6 ------34.6 140.5 55.0 54.6 52.8 51.4 49.3 46.1 41.3 40.2 40.0 37.4 35.1 34.3 44.8 29.7 27.8 26.5 25.0 23.8 20.1 16.9 16.5 17.0 18.0 18.7 18.7 21.6 January................. February.............. M arch................... April...................... M a y _____ ______ June....................... July....................... August.................. September............ October................. N ovem ber............ December........... . Average___ 46.5 46.9 43.2 44.5 47.1 44.8 44.6 42.9 41.9 42.5 42.4 41.7 65.7 55.3 62.2 174.9 61.7 44.1 74.8 73.2 72.2 69.8 67.8 65.0 65.3 62.4 61.2 60.4 57.6 58.2 54.9 54.4 51.4 54.9 54.5 54.2 55.4 57.4 56.2 56.8 50.5 57.2 i Average for 6 m onths. 71.5 70.0 73.2 66.3 64.7 62.7 59.2 56.3 55.2 54.4 52.0 54.9 69.8 69.3 67.6 63.7 61.2 61.3 63.2 68.6 71.8 68.0 74.8 75.4 75.8 76.1 77.8 72.2 76.7 76.7 47.0 47.0 46.8 33.9 30.7 27.3 24.4 26.4 30.2 37.8 38.0 37.7 35.6 36.1 51.3 37.2 54.6 30.7 58.9 26.6 51.4 26.9 54.4 29.2 55.1 33.6 43.3 44.1 ____ 44.1 ____ 50.7 50.8 ........ 37.8 154.3 Quarrying and nonmetallic mining 18.1 25.4 17.8 26.0 17.4 25.9 16.4 27.2 17.0 25.6 18.3 26.7 19.0 ____ 21.9 ____ 23.9 ____ 25.9 ____ 25.6 ____ 26.2 ------- 64.4 66.6 70.0 76.1 75.0 72.3 71.0 68.9 66.6 64.5 59.3 53.9 20.6 126.1 67.4 Crude-petroleum producing 57.2 73.2 57.0 72.4 56.5 72.8 56.8 74.0 56.9 76.7 58.0 80.0 59.5 60.8 66.2 70.6 72.2 75. C ____ 80.8 77.4 75.2 65.5 62.6 60.5 58.6 59.4 62.4 67.0 69.4 70.0 73.3 68.3 65.2 58.6 54.4 52.4 50.4 ____ 50.6 ..I I . ____ ____ 53.6 ____ ____ 56.2 ____ ____ 54.6 -----........ 52.3 45.8 165.1 83.2 67.4 67.9 175.9 57.5 Metalliferous mining January................. February-........... M arch................... A pril...................... M a y ...................... June....................... July....................... August.................. September............ October. ............... N ovem ber............ December............. Average___ 93.9 91.5 88.8 85.9 82.4 78.4 76.4 77.0 80.4 81.3 81.1 81.2 39.9 41.7 42.5 40.1 41.6 40.6 42.2 42.5 44.4 50.1 50.3 53.2 44.1 48.9 47.4 46.0 48.6 50.6 49.5 49.5 51.1 52.4 52.4 49.4 42.3 49.0 35.1 39.7 34.8 38.8 35.1 42.0 39.3 48.7 43.4 54.3 47.3 56.6 49.5 ____ 51.6 ____ 52.6 ____ 53.2 51.1 45.3 ........ 44.9 146.7 50.4 54.4 58.2 62.6 62.3 60.1 57.3 55.1 51.2 48.7 43.3 36.9 53.4 30.2 29.6 28.7 30.0 32.3 30.0 29.1 29.7 30.5 30.1 27.1 22.1 18.1 17.4 17.8 20.2 23.8 27.5 28.4 29.9 29.3 31.2 28.3 24.4 21.3 21.0 24.1 29.9 35.0 37.0 ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ........ 29.1 24.7 128.1 Telephone and telegraph 53.0 50.5 52.5 53.4 56.4 56.9 90.5 89.2 88.6 88.1 87.4 86.9 86. 6 85.9 85.0 84.1 83.5 83.1 153.8 86.6 83.0 82.0 81.7 81.2 80.6 79.9 79.1 78.1 77.4 76.2 75.5 74.8 79.1 74.6 73.9 73.2 72.3 70.1 69.2 68.5 68.1 68.3 68.7 68.9 69.4 70.4 70.2 69.8 70.0 70.2 70.2 70.4 96.3 94.8 97.9 95.0 94.1 95.0 93.3 92.3 92.1 91.6 ____ 89.7 92.7 170.1 93.7’ 89.1 89.6 88.2 83.4 82.8 82.1 79.6 79.1 75.9 75.7 74.3 73.5 81.1 71.7 69.0 71.9 67.9 71.6 70.4 67.8 68.8 68. 5 71.4 66.6 71.3 66.7 66.1 64.6 67.0 ____ 67.7 67.7 68.2! 169.8 18 T able 3 . — IN D E X E S OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y B O L L S F O B N O N M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T B IE S , J A N U A B Y 1931 T O JU N E 1934—Continued [12-month average, 1929=100] Electric light and power and manufac tured gas M onth Employment Pay rolls Electric-railroad and motor-bus operation and m aintenance2 Em ploym ent P ay rolls 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 January-------------February.............. M arch................. . A pril___________ M a y ____________ June....................... July.................. ... August--------------September...... . October_________ N ovem ber........ December----------Average— 99.2 97.8 96.7 97.] 97. ( 97.2 m 7 95.9 94.7 92.7 91. S 90.3 89.3 87.2 85.5 84. * 84. ( 83.2 8? ? 81.5 81.0 79.9 79.1 78.4 77.7 77A 76. y 76. U 76.9 77. i 77 fi 78.1 80.i 82.2 82.6 81.8 82.2 98.6 81.2 99.7 81.7 102. * 82.4 97.fi 83.1 98.7 84. C 98.3 97 4 96.2 94.3 93.2 93.3 91.2 95.6 83.0 78.8 182. 8S.4 86.0 85.4 82.4 84.2 80.5 78.7 76.7 74.7 74.4 73.2 73.2 73.0 71.6 71.9 69.4 69.9 69.9 70.0 70.9 71.8 76.2 74.5 74.4 73.8 74.4 75.6 76.8 77.6 77.8 ____ 86.8 86.fi 86.4 86.8 85.9 85.3 85.6 84.8 84.0 82.7 81.5 79.9 79.11 70.6 70.1> 85.fi\ 75.4I 60. 8►59.2 78.8 70.4 71. C1 87.1 74.81 60.fii 60.1 77.fi 69.8 71.7r 88.1 73.fii 59.4: 62.2 78.fi 69.5 72.2i 86.fii 71.8 58.1 62.9 76.9 69.1 72.fi 85.1 72.2 58.2 63.0 76.5 69.3 73.2 84.8 70.2 58. C 63.2 75.6 69.4 83.3 66.4 57.4 74.1 69.5 81.9 63.8 58.2 73.5 69.7 81.2 62.5 57.8 72.3 70.6 79.0 61.5 59.8 71.8 71.0 79.7 61.7 59.4 71.4 70.8 ------- 77.8 61.9 59.6 96.7 79.8 72.0 »75.8 84 7 75.5 70.0 171.9 83.4 68.0 58.9 161.8 Wholesale trade January-------------February.......... M arch__________ A pril....... ........ . M a y _____ ______ June___ _______ July-------------------August....... .......... September............ O ctober_________ N ovem ber______ December............. 89.5 88.2 87.4 87.4 87.1 87.1 86.8 86.5 86.1 85.2 84.1 83.7 81.8 80.9 79.8 78.9 77. £ 77.0 76.6 76.4 77.1 77.8 77.6 77.0 75.3 82A 74.1 83. t 73.1 83. f 73. S 83.9 74. C 84.6 75.7 84.1 76.9 ____ 79.7 ____ 82.1 ____ 83.5 83.4 ____ 83.3 87.5 88.4 89.1 85.2 84.7 84.1 83.3 82.1 81.4 79.9 79.7 77.8 74.1 72.5 71.3 68.9 69.7 66.2 64.7 63. 2 63. 1 63.9 63.3 62.6 Betail trade 61.7 63.9 90.0 58.6 64.6 87.1 57.1 65.7 87.8 56.0 66.8 90.1 57.4 66.3 89.9 57.3 66.5 89.1 59.1 ____ 83.9 60.8 ____ 81.8 62.3 ____ 86.6 66. C ____ 89.8 64.1 ____ 90.9 64. 6 ------- 106.2 84.3 76.9 84.6 80.5 73.4 83.8 81.4 71.4 87.2 81.6 78.6 88.2 80.9 77.0 88.8 79.4 78.3 88.2 74.6 74.6 ____ 72.6 78.1 ____ 77.8 86.0 ____ 81.3 89.6 ___ 81.7 91.6 ____ 95.2 105.4 89.4 86.7 87.5 88.3 88.0 87.6 83.3 80.3 83.5 84.6 85.4 94.1 78.0 73.7 73.4 72.7 71.1 68.2 63.3 60.7 64.6 67.1 66.9 73.6 62.7 68.8 58.4 67.7 55.1 69.5 60.4 71.5 59.5 71.8 60.5 71.6 58.1 ____ 62.7 ____ 69.2 ____ 72.3 ____ 72.6 ____ 80.3 Average___ 86.6 78.2 77.9 >83.6 83.6 67. C 60.4 165.6 89.4 80.9 81.7 186.8 86.6 69.4 64.3 170.2 Laundries 3 January-------------February.......... M arch__________ A pril_____ ______ M a y ____________ June____________ July-------- ----- -----August__________ September______ October_________ N ovem ber.......... . December_______ Average___ 94.3 93.7 93.2 94.3 94.1 94.8 95.6 94.0 93.0 91.8 89.8 88.8 88.2 78.6 78.5 86.3 77.5 78.4 85. 4 76.1 79.2 85.4 76.5 80.5 84.8 76.6 82.1 84.4 79.2 84. C 83.6 79.5 82.2 81.1 ____ 81.9 82.6 ____ 80.7 81.3 ____ 79.4 78.4 ____ 79.1 .78.4 ------- 90.7 89.6 89.6 90.9 90.5 91.2 91.5 88.6 88.0 85.6 82.6 81.0 Dyeing and cleaning 3 80. C 76.7 75.0 74.7 73.9 71.8 69.4 66.9 65.8 64.1 61.9 61.4 60.7 61.7 58.1 61.7 55.4 62.7 56.6 64.4 57.1 66.9 59.4 68.3 58.7 60.3 63.5 ____ 62.5 ____ 60.7 ____ 61.1 82.1 80.7 81.3 88.4 89.3 91.4 91.1 86.4 88.0 87.0 83.2 78.4 75.8 74.4 74.4 76.9 78.0 78.6 76.1 73,4 76.9 76.0 72.0 69.5 67.4 68.1 65.6 68.1 65.8 72.4 74.9 79.9 75.7 84.3 79.1 84.9 76.6 76.8 ____ 81.9 ____ 81.6 ____ 76.1 ____ 70.5 ------- 73.7 71.2 71.7 81.9 82.1 84.5 81.8 75.9 78.3 77.2 70.8 64.4 62.4 59. C 58.5 62.5 63.8 62.4 56.9 53.4 57.9 55.8 49.6 45.9 44.2 46.8 40.2 46.3 38.9 51.7 51.7 60.8 51.0 65.1 53.7 64.1 50.0 ____ 50.0 ____ 57.1 ____ 57.4 ____ 52.5 ____ 47.3 . . . 93.1 83.5 78.8 180.5 88.3 70.1 59.5 164.3 85.6 75.2 74.3 176.3 76.3 57.3 49.5 155.8 Hotels J anuary February March April M ay June July August September October Novem ber December 95.0 96.8 96.8 95.9 92.5 91. 6 93.3 92.8 90.6 87.4 84.9 83. 1 83.2 84.3 84. C 82.7 80.1 78.0 78.4 77.6 77.0 75.4 74.3 73.2 73.8 73.8 72. 4 71.9 71.9 73.6 75.6 77.1 78.7 77.0 75.8 77.6 81.5 84.8 86.4 86.6 85.7 86.2 91. C 93.7 93.4 89.9 87.7 85.4 85.2 83.8 81.9 79.7 77.1 75.4 73.9 73.9 72.4 69.6 67.0 63.8 61.8 59.6 59.1 58.6 57.5 56.6 55.7 55.9 53.5 51.7 51.8 52.3 53.3 54.0 55.6 56.2 55.2 57.6 60.8 65.2 66.6 66.5 65.9 66.2 Average___ 91.7 79.0 74.9 185. 2 85.4 64.5 54.4 ‘ 65.2 1 Average for 6 months. 2 Not including electric-railroad car building and repairing; see transportation equipment and railroad repair-shop groups, manufacturing industries, table 1. 3 Revised to conform with average shown by 1931 Census of Manufactures. 19 Employment in Building Construction in June 1934 HE percentages of change in employment, pay rolls, and manhours in building construction in June, as compared with May, were as follows: T Percent Total employment Total pay rolls___________ Total man-hours worked Average weekly earnings_________ Average hours per week per man Average hourly earnings_________ -0 . 3 -1 . 2 + 1.2 - . 9 + 1 .4 -1 . 3 The following table is based on returns made by 11,346 firms engaged in public and private building-construction projects not aided by public-works funds. These reports include all trades, from excavation through painting and interior decoration, which are engaged in erect ing, altering, or repairing buildings. Work on roads, bridges, docks, etc., is omitted. The reports cover building operations in various localities in 34 States and the District of Columbia. For purposes of comparison in this study, all reports were reduced to a 1-week basis if not originally so reported. In June the weekly pay roll for 80,546 workers amounted to $1,856,143 as compared with $1,878,986 earned by 80,802 workers employed by the identical firms in May. In June the average weekly earnings were $23.04 as compared with $23.25 for May. These are per capita weekly earnings, computed by dividing the total amount of the weekly pay roll by the total number of employees— part time as well as full time. Reports from 10,727 firms— 94.5 percent of the 11,346 cooperating firms gave the man-hours worked by the employees, namely, 2,156,873 in June as compared with 2,131,466 in May. The average hours per week per man— 29.9 in June and 29.5 in M ay— were computed by dividing the number of man-hours by the number of workers employed by those firms which reported manhours. The average hourly earnings— 77.2 cents in June and 78.2 cents in M ay— were computed by dividing the pay roll of those firms which reported man-hours, by the number of man-hours. 20 E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A V E R A G E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S , A V E R A G E H O U R S P E R W E E K P E R M A N , A N D A V E R A G E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S IN T H E B U IL D IN G -C O N S T R U C T IO N IN D U S T R Y IN JU N E 1934, A N D P E R C E N T A G E S OF C H A N G E F R O M M A Y 1934 E m ploy ment Locality Pay rolls Average weekly earnings Average hours per week per man 1 N um ber of Per Per firms N um Per ber cent Amount cent cent N um re age of of pay age of age of ber port on June roll (1 ing pay change week) change 1934 change June from 1934 from roll from June M ay M ay June M ay 1934 1934 1934 1934 1934 Average hourly earnings1 Per Per cent cent age of June age of change 1934 change from from M ay M ay 1934 1934 Ct. A ll localities________ 11,346 80,546 - 0 .3 $1,856,143 - 1 .2 $23. 04 - 0 .9 29.9 + 1 .4 77.2 - 1 .3 + 3 .2 Alabama: Birmingham___ 88 320 -2 7 .6 4,840 -3 2 .0 15.13 - 6 .1 24.8 - 9 . 2 60.9 California: Los Angeles 2_____ _____ San Francisco Oakland*.. Other localities 2________ 23 1,088 +51.5 700 + 1 .0 26 459 +14.8 23 23,859 + 57.6 21.93 16,088 + 1 .9 22.98 10,279 +11.9 22.39 + 4 .0 + .9 - 2 .5 («) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) 72 2, 247 +24.1 50, 226 + 25.2 22. 35 + .9 (*) (3) (3) - 1 . 4 21. 34 + 1.1 26.4 - 2 .6 81.8 + 3 .9 + 2 .0 + 2 .4 + .1 The State 8................. 651 - 2 .5 (3) Colorado: D enver________ 227 Connecticut: Bridgeport_____________ Hartford....... ..................... New H aven____________ 573 +16.9 119 269 1,084 + 6 .4 984 -1 0 .2 180 12,650 +22.3 22.08 24,027 +13.8 22.17 23,677 - 5 .5 24.06 + 4 .6 + 7 .0 + 5 .2 31.7 32.4 33.5 + 2 .9 70.3 + 4 .2 68.1 + 5 .0 71.9 568 2,641 60,354 The State__________ Delaware: W ilm ington___ District of Colum bia.......... Florida: Jacksonville____________ _________________ 13,891 (3) (3) (3) (3) + 6 .8 22.85 + 5 .3 32.7 + 4.1 70.0 + 1 .2 930 + 3 .0 106 427 3,974 -1 0 .7 19,121 + 3 .9 20. 56 102,013 -1 4 .9 25. 67 + .9 -4 .8 32.9 31.2 - 2 .1 62.5 - . 6 81.5 + 3 .0 - 4 .1 210 -.9 mi 986M ia +21.9 3,430 + 1.1 16,33 19,139 +24.7 19.41 + 2.1 + 2 .3 26.1 29.4 - 4 . 0 62.6 + 8 .5 66.0 + 6 .6 - 5 .7 53 79 + 1 .4 132 1,196 +17.1 22, 569 +20.5 18.87 + 2 .8 28.8 + 6 .3 65.5 - 3 .1 Georgia: Atlanta_________ 153 15,305 16. 76 + 8 .1 27.6 + 3 .8 60.5 + 4 .0 Illinois: Chicago 2_________ _____ Other localities 2________ 131 1,680 -3 0 .4 96 1,709 + 3 .8 49,803 -3 7 .8 29.64 -1 0 .6 38, 731 + 9 .1 22.66 + 5.1 (3) (3) (3) (3) C3) (3) (3) The State 2............... . 227 3,389 -1 6 .5 88, 534 -2 3 .4 26.12 -8 .2 (3) (3) (3) (3) Indiana: Evansville______________ Fort W ayne____________ Indianapolis.____ _______ South B end____________ 64 279 -1 0 .6 93 259 + 2 .8 173 1,019 + 2 .9 41 285 -.7 5,179 -1 6 .7 5,267 + 2 .3 20,032 -.4 6,470 + 8 .6 18. 56 20. 34 19. 66 22.70 -6 .8 -.4 - 3 .3 + 9 .3 27.1 26.7 27.5 29.3 - 9 .1 - 3 .3 - 2 .8 - 2 .0 68.7 + 2 .4 76.1 + 3 .0 71.6 +. 1 77.6 + 11.3 371 1,842 36,948 20.06 - 1 .4 27.6 - 3 .8 The State__________ The State_________ 913 -1 1 .7 0) Iowa: Des M oines________ Kansas: W itchita_________ K entucky: Louisville_____ Louisiana: N ew Orleans... Maine: Portland...... .......... M aryland: Baltimore 2___ Massachusetts: All locali ties 2______________ _____ 688 4,903 Michigan: D etroit_________________ F lint................................ Grand R a p id s ................. 467 3, 536 + 4 .6 62 358 +32.1 106 359 + 1 .7 The State................. . Footnotes at end of table. 103 574 + 7.3 73 309 + 4 .0 145 858 -1 3 .3 734 +12.4 118 472 +17.7 97 120 1,404 - 4 .9 635 4,253 + .1 + 6 .2 12,562 5, 309 15,866 13,066 10,348 29,575 124,089 -4 .5 - 1 .3 + 1.1 +18.0 -1 5 .3 +23.4 +16.0 - 5 .9 21.89 - 5 .8 17.18 +13.4 18.49 - 2 .3 17.80 + 9 .8 21.92 - 1 .4 21.06 - 1 .1 + 2 .3 25.31 + 2 .2 83,991 +• 6 23. 75 - 3 .8 8,291 +52.3 23.16 +15.3 18. 52 - 1 .7 6, 647 (») 98,929 + 3 .5 23.26 - 2 .5 (3) 72.8 + 3 .0 27.6 - 8 .0 80.6 27.6 +10.8 62.5 31.0 + 2 .3 60.8 29.3 + 9 .3 60.8 32.1 + 1 .3 68.4 35.1 + 2.6 63.3 + 3 .6 + 2 .1 -1 .8 + .8 -2 .6 -4 .5 + 1 .6 77.8 + .4 31.2 - 3 .1 76.3 33.9 +20.2 68.1 29.8 - 4 .5 62.0 -.4 - 2 .9 + 2 .6 32.5 31.3 - 1 .9 74.4 -.5 21 E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A V E R A G E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S , A V E R A G E H O U R S P E R W E E K P E R M A N , A N D A V E R A G E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S IN T H E B U I L D I N G -C O N S T R U C T IO N I N D U S T R Y IN JU N E 1934, A N D P E R C E N T A G E S OF C H A N G E F R O M M A Y 1934—Continued Locality Average weekly earnings Average hours per week per man 1 Average hourly earnings 1 N um ber of firms N um Per Amount Per Per Per Per ber re cent of pay cent cent N um cent cent age of roll port on age of age of age of age of (1 June ber June ing pay change week) change 1934 change June change 1934 change from roll from from from from 1934 June June M a y M ay M ay M ay M ay 1934 1934 1934 1934 1934 1934 1934 E m ploy ment Minnesota: D uluth______ Minneapolis.. St. Paul_____ The State _ Missouri: Kansas C ity 6_ St. Louis........ . Pay rolls + 4 .1 + 2 .6 - 3 .6 25.4 32.3 30.4 Ct. - 2 .3 75.3 + 4 .5 73.3 - 1 .3 77.7 + 5 .5 -2 .3 -2 .4 + 2 .5 23.36 + .6 31.3 + 2 .6 74.6 - 2 .2 - 6 .1 - 2 .3 25. 58 27. 35 + 5 .7 + 1 .4 29.6 26.9 + 3 .9 87.8 + .4 101.4 + 2 .0 + 1 .0 -3 .6 53 206 + 8 .4 226 1,691 + 9 .9 170 669 -1 5 .0 4,004 +12.8 19.44 40,114 +12.7 23. 72 15,814 -1 8 .1 23.64 449 2,566 + 2 .0 59,932 304 1,433 -1 1 .2 600 2,675 - 3 . 6 36,663 73,163 904 4,108 - 6 .4 109,826 26.73 + 3 .0 27.8 + 1 .5 96.5 + 1 .5 Nebraska: Omaha.. 161 1,117 +10.0 23,583 + 2 .7 21.11 - 6 .7 30.8 - 2 .2 68.3 -4 .9 N ew York: N ew York C ity 2. Other localities 2- 438 6,642 320 7,336 - 6 .5 + 8 .0 205,632 163, 860 - 7 .2 30.96 + 8 .9 22.34 -.7 + .9 28.7 29.5 + .7 107.9 + .7 75.7 -1 .3 + .3 758 13,978 + .6 369,492 The State___ The S tate2___ North Carolina: Charlotte. 55 -.7 26.43 - 1 .3 29.1 + .7 90.8 -1 .9 371 +15.2 6,482 +26.1 17.47 + 9 .5 31.1 + 1 .3 56.4 + 9.1 -8 .7 -4 .4 -.5 +. 5 + 8 .2 -.9 8,137 40,572 - 9 .3 72, 503 -.9 12, 786 +15. 6 9,498 + 4.1 22.11 + 8 .6 23.37 - 5 .2 -.4 27.97 21.74 +15.0 24.11 - 3 .9 36.5 + 4 .9 60.6 28.0 - 6 .7 83.7 27.6 - 1 .8 101.4 30.6 +12.9 71. 2 26.9 - 6 .9 89.4 + 3 .6 + 1 .7 + .2 + 2 .2 + 3 .0 25. 27 -.3 28.6 - 1 .7 88.2 + 1 .1 9,965 +13.2 18.87 4,592 -1 0 .5 18.29 -4 .8 - 3 .4 25.9 28.0 - 7 .2 73.2 + 2 .6 66.5 + 2 .7 - 4 .7 Ohio: A kron_______ Cincinnati 7_ _ Cleveland___ D ayton........... Youngstown.. 91 368 440 1,736 648 2,592 149 588 394 85 The State. 1,413 5,678 Oklahoma: Oklahoma C ity.. Tulsa........... ........ 97 52 528 +18.9 251 - 7 . 4 - 1 .9 + 9 .0 14, 557 + 4 .5 18.69 - 4 .1 26.5 - 4 .3 71.1 + .6 209 1,037 +10.8 20,249 + 3 .7 19.53 -6 .4 25.3 - 9 .3 77.4 + 3 .5 P ennsylvania:8 Erie area 2........................ Philadelphia area2......... Pittsburgh area2............ Reading-Lebanon area 2 Scranton area 2........ ....... Other areas 2___________ 314 -3 1 .9 20 398 3,673 - 3 .3 230 1,638 - 5 . 0 44 292 - .7 32 186 -3 5 .9 290 2,447 -.1 3,449 -1 4 .6 10. 98 +25.3 76,370 + 1.3 20.79 + 4 .8 45,068 - 6 . 2 27.51 - 1 .3 6,147 + . 6 21.05 + 1 .3 4,445 -3 5 .2 23.90 + 1.1 47,013 + 8 .6 19. 21 + 8 .7 The State__________ R hode Island: Providence Tennessee: Chattanooga.. Knoxville___ M em phis....... Nashville....... The State_____ Footnotes at end of table. 779 143,496 Oregon: Portland.. The S tate... 149 - 1 .6 1,014 8,580 - 4 .8 251 1,884 +15. 5 39 46 78 81 204 - 5 .6 358 + 3 .2 623 +19.8 718 -1 1 .5 244 1,903 + .5 13.6 + 20.4 70.3 + 8 .2 30.3 + 4 .5 70.1 + .3 29.7 - 2 . 0 95.1 - .9 32.8 - 1 .5 64.1 + 2 .1 40.6 + 30.5 59.8 -2 1 .6 31.0 + 9 .9 60.9 - 2 . 6 21.27 + 4 .4 30.2 + 6 .0 71.5 -1 .9 41,353 +13.8 21.95 - 1 .5 33.0 + 3 .4 66.7 -4 .7 34.1 +18.8 55.2 25.1 - 1 1 .3 62.2 26.8 -1 3 . 3 60.6 29.3 - 4 .6 52.1 - 1 .4 + 8 .0 -3 .2 - 4 .6 28.1 -1 .0 182,492 -.7 3,913 +10.6 19.18 +17.1 5,584 - 1 .2 15.60 - 4 . 2 10,144 + .5 16.28 - 1 6 .2 11,235 -1 7 .5 15. 65 - 6 .8 30,876 - 6 .2 16. 22 - 6 .7 - 6 .6 57.0 22 E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A V E R A G E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S , A V E R A G E H O U R S P E R W E E K P E R M A N , A N D A V E R A G E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S IN T H E B U IL D IN G -C O N S T R U C T IO N I N D U S T R Y IN JU N E 1934, A N D P E R C E N T A G E S OF C H A N G E F R O M M A Y 1934—Continued E m ploy ment Locality The State___________ Utah: Salt Lake C ity____ 1934 1934 1934 1934 1934 Ct. + 6 .1 + 6 .7 -5 .8 -4 .1 15. 75 -8 .5 18. 33 + 2 1 . 6 17. 06 -9 .7 13.28 -3 .8 26.3 30 .4 25.3 23 .8 -5 . 7 + 3 0 .5 -1 1 .8 -5 .9 60 .9 60.3 65 .5 54.9 -2 .1 -6 .8 542 2,316 + 6 .7 37, 209 -1 .2 16. 07 -7 .4 25.6 -6 .9 61 .9 -1 .0 214 -3 7 .4 240 - 3 4 . 1 19.81 +5. 3 24 .0 + 1 .7 81 .9 + 3 .1 + . 4 IS. 61 9, 975 18,190 + 1 4 . 6 20. 28 -3 .5 + 1 .8 29 .5 31.1 + 2 .3 -1 .9 63 .0 65 .9 -1 .1 + 3 .6 30 .4 -2 .3 64 .7 + 1 .7 23.6 + 6 . 7 90.0 27.0 + 4 .7 85 .6 22.4 -1 1 .5 89.8 + 7 .3 + 3 .8 + 7 .7 24.0 + 6 .7 90 4, (s) + .4 .11 The State___________ 213 1,433 + 9 .2 W ashington: Seattle__________________ Spokane ...................... T a co m a .____ ___________ 184 56 94 785 190 174 + 4 .5 -2 2 .4 + 9 .4 334 1,149 -.5 + 4 .1 536 897 + 1 2 . 5 180 +19.2 49 161 1,643 +11.2 19.65 -. 1 16, 622 + 4 .2 21.17 4, 398 - 1 5 . 8 23.15 3, 507 + 4 . 6 20. 16 -.4 + 8 .6 - 4 .4 28,165 24, 527 3,692 32, 427 + 9 .1 21. 35 H-.5 +25.9 20. 51 +11.4 19. 74 + 5 .6 + .3 (5) 1 Averages computed from reports furnished b y 10,727 firms. 2 Data supplied b y cooperating State bureaus. 5 Data not available. 4 Less than Ho of 1 percent increase. 1 Less than Ho of 1 percent decrease. 6 Includes both Kansas City, M o., and Kansas C ity, Kans. ; Includes Covington and Newport, K y. 8 Each separate area includes from 2 to 8 counties. 8 N o change. Average hourly earnings 1 13,022 1, 576 17,977 4, 634 80 133 The State................. Average hours per week per man i 827 + 1 6 . 0 199 86 - 1 2 . 2 30 + 4 .4 198 1,054 -.3 349 115 Virginia: Norfolk-Portsmouth___ _ R ichm ond_______ _____ West Virginia: Wheeling— Wisconsin: All localities 2_. Average weekly earnings N um ber of Per Per Per firms N um Per Am ount Per ber re cent cent cent cent N um cent age of age of June age of ber age of age of port on June S B ing pay change week) change 1934 change June change 1934 change roll from from from 1934 from from June M ay June M ay M ay M ay M ay 1934 1934 Texas: Dallas__________________ El Paso_________________ H ouston_______ _______ San Antonio_________ __ Pay rolls - 5 .5 89.1 29.0 + 8 .2 71.5 - 1 . 8 37.1 +22.8 52.7 +15.3 23 Trend of Em ploym ent in June 1934, by States LUCTUATIONS in employment and pay-roll totals, in June 1934, as compared with May 1934, in certain industrial groups are shown by States in the table following. These tabulations have been prepared from data secured directly from reporting establish ments and from information supplied by cooperating State agencies. The combined total of all groups does not include building-construction data, which are shown by city and State totals in the section “ Building construction.” In addition to the combined total of all groups, the trend of employment and pay rolls in the manufacturing, public utility, hotel, wholesale trade, retail trade, bituminous-coal mining, crude-petroleum producing, quarrying and nonmetallic min ing, metalliferous mining, laundry, dyeing and cleaning, and banksbrokerage-insurance-real-estate groups is presented. In this State compilation, the totals of the telephone and telegraph, power and light, and electric-railroad operation groups have been combined and are presented as one group— public utilities. The percentages of change shown in the accompanying table, unless otherwise noted, are unweighted— that is, the industries included in the groups, and the groups comprising the total of all groups, have not been weighted according to their relative importance in the com bined totals. The anthracite-mining industry, which is confined entirely to the State of Pennsylvania, showed decreases from May to June of 9.8 percent in employment and 16.8 percent in pay rolls. These per centages are based on reports received from 160 mines which employed in June 79,914 workers whose earnings in 1 week ending nearest the 15th were $2,155,932. When the identity of any reporting company would be disclosed by the publication of a State total for any industrial group, figures for the group do not appear in the separate industrial-group tabulation, but are included in the State totals for “ all groups.” Data are not presented for any industrial group when the representation in the State covers less than three establishments. F 7 6 1 7 7 — 3 4 --------- 4 24 C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O LLS IN ID E N T IC A L M E N T S IN M A Y A N D JU NE 1934, B Y S T A T E S E S T A B L IS H [Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y cooperating State organizations] Total—all groups State Per N um N um cent ber ber on age Amount of of pay change pay roll (1 week) estab roll from lish June M ay June 1934 1934 ments 1934 Alabama_________ 914 75, 780 Arizona__________ 517 12,362 Arkansas ________ » 649 21,153 California...... ......... 21,835 265. 790 Colorado_________ 1,192 40, 653 Manufacturing Per um cent Nber age of change estab from lish M ay ments 1934 N um ber on Pay roll June 1934 Per Per cent cent Amount age age of pay roll change (1 week) change from June 1934 from M ay M ay 1934 1934 - 7 .0 + 4 .6 - 2 .0 - 1 .3 + 1 .7 263 51,845 2, 656 58 253 13,003 1,054 149,118 189 15, 785 - 4 .5 $678,686 47, 740 + 6 .8 -1 6 .8 149,863 + 1 .2 3,337,548 322,455 + 6 .8 - 9 .2 + 7 .2 - 1.7 - 1 .2 + 2 .8 Connecticut______ 2,197 176, 564 - 2 .0 Delaware________ 214 13, 274 + 4 .9 -(3 ) Dist. of Columbia. 902 34, 746 Florida___________ 1,089 35,965 - 9 .7 Georgia__________ 1, 261 97, 594 - 4 .3 3, 546,457 - 2 .4 270,048 + 6 .7 815,667 +• 7 585,616 -1 0 .2 1, 294,235 - 9 .1 740 145, 382 71 9,240 54 3,718 237 20,039 387 75, 535 - 2 .5 2, 779, 314 172,482 + 7 .5 + 1 .4 118,084 - 2 .3 275, 268 - 6 .1 865, 671 - 3 .5 + 9 .9 + 2 .0 -8 .0 -1 3 .2 Idaho____________ 456 11, 229 Illin o is __________ * 4,233 U6, 757 Indiana__________ 2,481 171,807 Iowa_____________ 1,810 57. 655 Kansas___________ 52,117 59,191 + 3 .6 + .3 + 2 .9 -.4 + 2.0 228,553 +15.1 9,793,284 +• 6 3,467,929 + 5 .3 1,120,756 -.4 1,224,955 + 2 .6 65 5. 400 2,029 274, 951 710 128,911 461 31, 429 471 32,531 + 6 .1 111, 268 + .9 5, 780,147 + 3 .4 2,573,019 601,024 +• 7 + 3 .6 692,117 +24.7 + 1 .7 + 7 .2 + .5 + 2 .8 K entucky________ Louisiana............. . M aine _________ M aryland............ Massachusetts___ + .8 - 1 .3 - 2 .9 -.5 -3 .0 1,452,340 689,051 812,818 2,238,155 8,900,288 - 1 .8 - 3 .0 - 6 .4 +2.1 - 3 .4 318 32,154 233 24,080 274 39, 751 656 74, 041 1,552 229, 717 566,404 -1 .0 - 2 .4 329, 017 - 3 .8 623.937 6 - 2 .1 1, 480,472 - 5 .8 4,312,874 -.7 -4 .9 - 8 .1 6 + 1.1 - 7.6 Michigan_________ 3, 268 459,119 Minnesota_______ 1,931 85, 727 M ississippi______ 588 16,181 Missouri_________ 3, 695 153,431 M ontana_________ 653 10, 540 - 5 .8 10,339,739 -1 2 ,2 +• 7 1,840,64.8 + 2 .4 219,698 -.9 + 1.3 + 1 3, 202,319 + 1 .4 257,056 +2.1 + 1 .6 1,122 U7,644 408 39,761 119 10, 55S 869 77, 709 95 3,626 - 7 .8 9,644,558 + 1 .9 813,099 + 2 .3 127, 518 + 1 .0 1, 529,919 + 3 .0 80,318 - 9.4 + 4 .5 + 1 .0 + 4 .1 + 4 .6 Nebraska________ 1,586 31,946 N evada__________ 187 2,942 N ew Hampshire.. 742 43,191 New Jersey______ 2,493 244,789 New M exico.......... 333 6,064 + 3. 4 + 2 .6 - 3 .8 +. 8 + 2 .3 + 2 .3 + 3 .6 -.1 -.2 + .3 176 13, 486 33 886 211 36, 560 7 727 212,264 29 573 + 8 .2 280, 748 + 1 .6 22,430 - 5 .3 589,038 + .7 4,542,083 + 2 9,701 + 6 .5 + 2 .3 -.8 + .4 -.2 New Y ork .............. North Carolina___ North Dakota____ Ohio____ ________ Oklahoma_______ 11, 570 659, 276 1,025 138,690 396 4,431 8,083 541, 265 1,510 36,823 - . 9 16, 593,451 - 1 .5 1,670,090 -1 1 .8 - 4 .7 92,293 + 4.3 + 2.1 - . 8 11,808,397 - 1 . 2 + .4 731,150 + .2 8 1, 894 373,020 609 129,826 57 1,032 2, 601 393,837 175 11,708 - 1 . 5 8,667,799 - 4 . 7 1,523,162 + 4.1 23,375 - 1 .1 8, 588, 065 -.2 219, 225 - 2.1 -1 2 .6 + 9 .5 - 1 .9 + 1 .0 Oregon___________ 1,149 43,805 Pennsylvania____ 8,294 746, 747 Rhode Island........ 1,172 73, 644 South Carolina___ 605 65, 374 South Dakota____ 455 7,839 857,095 - 2 . 0 + 4 .0 -.8 (3) 16,218,736 —3.9 1, 389,648 - 5 .3 735,716 -1 5 .7 —3.6 176,100 + 1 .4 + 3 .5 294 27,069 1,960 415,800 381 56, 394 229 59, 370 55 2,401 464,141 + 6 .8 + .7 8,200,600 - 5 .1 976, 760 - 3 .9 631,391 + 4 .2 47,896 —3. 5 -.9 -7 .6 -1 7 .8 + 4 .2 Tennessee_____ ... 1,314 Texas______ _____ 1,731 Utah_____________ 541 Verm ont...... .......... 537 Virginia__________ 1,786 84,011 90, 668 15,975 13, 023 96,126 - 3 .6 + 1.1 + 4 .5 - 7 .0 -.8 1,332,664 1,977,189 322,907 257, 627 1,602, 585 - 2 .6 + 2.1 +• 9 - 7 .9 -4 .0 338 651 111 146 490 58,978 49,386 6,009 5,960 67,490 - 4 .5 882,068 +• 1 1,020, 423 +17.4 111,572 -1 5 .6 116,311 - 1 .9 1,056, 873 - 3 .3 + 2 .2 + 7 .8 -1 7 .8 -5 .6 W a s h in g ton ..___ 3,184 73,951 West Virginia____ 1,203 147, 553 Wisconsin.............. 91,047 161,128 W yom ing________ 6, 621 327 -1 .2 + 1 .5 -.2 + ( 3) 1, 540, 222 3,062,142 3,166,003 148,634 - 4 .1 + 2 .8 +• 8 - 3 .8 515 40, 302 263 59,082 772 128,415 46 1,674 -3 .0 760, 358 - . 6 1,207,440 6+ . 1 2,501, Lit 37,176 + 3 .0 -7 .7 - .2 6 + .9 -1 2 .3 1,384 83 932 1,000 42,577 8. 47 48, 588 1,487 107,470 58.938 m , o 74 - 3 .4 $1.045,351 + 3 .4 248,965 - 3.0 344,663 6,337,187 +• 4 855,905 + 2 .8 668,753 70,957 739,117 5,466,030 106,913 1 Includes automobile dealers and garages, and sand, gravel, and building stone. 2 Includes banks, insurance, and office employment. 8 Less than Mo of 1 percent. 4 Includes building and contracting. 5 Includes construction, municipal, agricultural, and office em ploym ent, amusement and recreation, professional, and transportation services. 6 Weighted percent of change. 7 Includes laundries. s Includes laundering and cleaning, but does not include food, canning, and preserving. 0 Includes construction but does not include hotels and restaurants, and public works. 25 C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN ID E N T IC A L M E N T S IN M A Y A N D JU N E 1934, B Y S T A T E S — Continued E S T A B L IS H [Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y cooperating State organizations] Retail trade Wholesale trade State Per N um N um cent ber ber on age Amount of of pay change pay roll (1 week) estab roll from lish June M ay June 1934 1934 ments 1934 N um ber on pay roll June 1934 Per Per cent cent Amount age of pay roll age change (1 week) change from from June 1934 M ay M ay 1934 1934 + 4 .3 + 4 .0 + 1 .0 - 1 .2 + 2 .0 303 253 212 112 448 4,751 2,734 2,600 25,404 7,096 - 1 .9 - 2 .7 -2 .5 -4 .5 + 2 .2 $79,673 51, 702 48,837 522,190 136,327 - 0 .1 -.7 + .1 -4 .5 - 1 .4 88,219 - 1 .2 12, 213 + 3 .2 34,385 + 5 .6 59, 791 -3 1 .7 24, 255 + 1 .4 958 73 669 334 432 12,349 1,243 11,861 4,586 6,637 + 1 .2 -4 .2 + .3 - 7 .1 -.3 251,346 25,835 236,521 85,746 113,634 + 1 .8 - 2 .5 + .4 - 6 .5 -1 .0 6, 619 329,421 123, 363 73, 695 61,894 -.1 + .1 + 1.1 + 2 .3 +• 4 219 1,112 962 613 1,020 1,817 56,038 15, 301 6, 692 8,504 + 2 .0 34,055 - 2 . 4 1,143,130 282,355 + 3 .0 -.4 124,330 159,410 -.9 + 3 .8 + 1 .6 + 1 .8 - 1 .1 + .1 +. 5 + 2 .4 + 1 .9 + .2 + 1.1 37, 099 60,479 32,417 74,356 490,075 + 1 .3 - 2 .9 + 1 .5 + 2 .2 + .5 358 365 235 459 4,594 6,940 5,934 2,479 13,236 72,367 122,374 +. 3 97, 510 + (3) 46,135 + 1 .3 255, 588 + 4 .8 + .1 1,432,863 - 1 .1 -.9 +• 4 + 2 .4 + 1 .0 + 1 .6 -.4 + 2.1 + .2 + 1 .2 130,772 185, 694 17,470 323,272 18,085 -.5 +• 3 + 2 .4 -.4 + 1 .6 1, 260 813 157 1, 579 261 25, 633 13, 248 1,500 23, 255 1,770 - 2 .7 - 3 .1 -2 .7 - 4 .4 + .3 536,555 244, 641 22,976 478,174 39, 566 -2 .0 - 3 .1 -.3 -1 .4 + .6 3,006 + 1 .2 158 + 4 .6 - .3 397 3,685 +. 2 220 +11.7 76, 338 4,737 10,377 107, 314 5, 657 + 1 .3 + 7 .6 -.7 +• 1 + 4 .3 592 57 270 819 158 5,777 456 2,458 16,035 979 - 1 .7 + 4 .8 + 3 .3 -.5 + 2 .0 110,235 10,943 49,664 351,668 19, 732 - 1 .3 + 4 .8 + 3 .1 -.4 + 2 .1 1,359, 605 17,311 7, 231 375,810 48, 634 + .5 - 3 .4 + 2 .3 + 1 .1 + .4 5,235 161 38 3,211 724 90,908 2,769 499 55, 570 6,023 -.8 -2 .6 - 3 .3 + (3) -1 .4 2,010,829 45,070 8,669 1,059,188 111, 291 - 1 .7 -1 .0 -2 .8 + .4 -.5 - 1 .5 +• 6 + 2 .4 +. 1 + 1 .1 65,087 472,716 41,693 19,361 6,879 -1 .4 + 1. 0 + 3 .3 - 1 .1 + 2 .3 383 2,620 545 190 166 5,931 51,245 7,069 2,494 1,024 122,153 +• 6 + 1 .8 1,045,807 -3 .0 132,438 - 1 .5 34,895 -3 .0 18,338 +. 9 + 2 .7 -.6 - .4 - 1 .5 2, 802 6,000 846 341 3, 234 + 1 .6 + .6 +• 1 + 2 .4 + 2 .1 58,878 146,989 22,808 7,191 67, 640 -1 .6 + 1 .9 -.2 + 1 .3 —3 395 574 194 140 708 8,149 14,955 1,772 1, 395 7, 363 - 7 .6 + .7 -.2 + .3 -.1 141,685 291,329 37, 564 25,978 134, 792 - 3 .6 -8 .3 -.7 + 1 .6 -.7 6,170 1, 572 ,772 180 + 7 .2 + 2 .4 +2.1 + 2 .3 159,844 40,660 39,880 5,122 + 2 .9 + 2 .9 +8.1 + 2.1 1,847 222 53 136 10, 588 2, 516 10,690 800 - 1 .4 + 1 .6 + (3) + 1 .4 214,058 46,288 148,000 18,199 -.7 + 2 .0 + 1 .2 + 3 .1 Alabama_________ Arizona__________ Arkansas________ California________ Colorado-------------- 101 55 52 99 120 1,923 877 1,037 5,744 3,042 Connecticut______ Delaware________ Dist. of Columbia. Florida----------------Georgia---------------- 186 16 52 194 87 3,621 - 2 . 0 535 - 2 .4 1,083 + .8 2, 962 -4 7 .3 950 + 1 .2 Idaho____________ Illinois----------------Indiana............... Iow a_________ ___ Kansas___________ 50 362 342 136 m 259 12,298 5, 261 2,951 2,722 + 2 .4 -.2 -.7 + 2 .8 +2.1 Kentucky________ Louisiana________ M aine----- -----------M aryland-----------Massachusetts----- 124 184 84 190 865 1,785 2, 778 1, 368 3,028 18,514 M ichigan________ M innesota-______ Mississippi....... Missouri_________ M ontana-------------- 248 235 61 608 68 5, 326 7,086 873 12,777 666 Nebraska........ ....... N evada__________ N ew Ham pshire-. N ew Jersey---------N ew M exico.......... 411 17 36 200 23 N ew Y ork .......... . North Carolina— North Dakota-----Ohio_____________ Oklahoma-------- . . 2,447 51 53 970 140 44,190 697 322 14, 552 2,070 + .1 - 5 .4 + .3 + .2 -1 .8 Oregon______ ____ Pennsylvania----Rhode Island------South Carolina— South Dakota____ 175 1,071 82 65 32 2,442 17,285 1,621 852 287 Tennessee............... Texas------------------U tah_____________ Verm ont_________ Virginia_________ 189 287 65 17 182 Washington_____ West Virginia.. __ Wisconsin....... ....... W y o m in g ___ ____ 422 92 45 19 3 Less than Ho of 1 percent. Per um cent Nber age of change from estab lish M ay 1934 ments - 1 .7 + 6 .7 - .7 + .7 + 1 .7 $42,871 16,288 26,602 156,984 76,452 26 C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN I D E N T IC A L M E N T S IN M A Y A N D JU NE 1934, B Y S T A T E S —Continued E S T A B L IS H [Figures in italics are not compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued by cooperating State organizations] Quarrying and nonmetallic mining State Alabama________ Arizona_________ Arkansas________ C alifornia.______ Colorado________ C o n n e c tic u t...__ Delaware ______ D ist. of Columbia. Florida__________ Georgia_____ ____ Idaho___________ Illinois. _______ Indiana. _______ Iowa____________ Kansas_____ ____ N um N um Per ber ber on cent age Amount of of pay change pay roll (1 week) estab roll from lish June M ay June 1934 1934 ments 1934 Per Per Per um N um cent cent Nber cent ber on age age ofAmount age of pay roll pay change estab roll change (1 week) change from from June 1934 from June lish M ay M ay ments M ay 1934 1934 1934 1934 16 764 +19.4 $10,118 +31.1 9 37 5 236 + 2 .2 1,192 + 7 .5 28 -3 1 .7 3,464 24,987 486 + 6 .0 +10.9 +30.3 23 278 -1 3 .1 5, 744 + 2 .4 17 28 858 1, 464 + .6 - 5 .4 10,149 14, 747 -3 . 6 —6. 6 19 61 27 738 +14.4 1,817 + 9 .5 549 - 5 . 0 14,448 31,194 9,350 +19.6 + 7 .4 + 1 .3 S3 1,264 + 3 .4 27,105 +12.9 40 7 11 13,927 9,284 10,922 —.4 + 6 .2 —21. 5 6,691 +12.8 21 —.2 1,158 722 + 4 .9 492 —20.0 408 + 5 .8 481 - 5 .1 10, 714 - 5 .8 M ichigan________ M innesota___ _ Mississippi______ Missouri________ Montana___ ____ 44 20 8 57 8 1,842 - 1 . 2 361 +16.8 150 -3 0 .6 1,425 - 1 . 5 67 + 8 .1 35,072 5, 520 1,543 19,309 1,047 —.9 + 9 .9 —56.9 - 3 .1 —3.4 Nebraska________ N evada_________ N ew Hampshire. . N ew Jersey.. ___ ___ _ 11 425 +106. 3 5, 203 +77.0 10 34 9,194 356 +67.1 —. 2 570 11, 508 New M exico +71.1 + 8 .5 Kentucky____ _ Louisiana_____ . Maine ________ Maryland_______ M assachusetts___ N ew York____ _ North Carolina__ North Dakota___ Ohio _____ ____ Oklahoma_______ Oregon__________ Pennsylvania____ Rhode Island____ South Carolina___ South D akota... Tennessee_______ Texas___ _____ _ U tah__________ V e rm o n t_______ Virginia_____ _ Washington____ West V irg in ia ___ W isconsin._______ W3^oming___ ____ n 79 13 Metalliferous mining 9 23 3 684 3,454 408 -5 1 .7 +12.5 + 3 .0 $3,632 80, 353 5, 614 —67.0 +12.1 —3. 2 33 3,129 + 3 .8 80, 931 + 6.1 14 1,100 -.9 28,818 - 3 .5 9 2,088 + .3 47,903 +12.8 18 1,536 + 3 .8 26,303 + 7 .7 38 32 4, 877 2,001 +. 1 + 9 .6 82, 775 44, 677 + 3 .8 +18.3 13 17 1,843 455 + 4 .9 —. 2 20,423 23, 967 - 3 .1 +17.8 15 658 + 1.1 15, 314 + 1 .7 3 3 17 887 (10) + 4 .0 339 16,825 + 7 .6 + 2.1 2,836 + 4 .6 339 -1 1 .7 61,947 4, 637 +10. 4 -1 4 .1 139 14 4,095 176 + 3 .0 - 8 .3 70, 718 1,795 + 4.1 + 4 .2 32 1, 379 +10.2 21, 692 +23. 0 5 186 114 15, 057 - 1 .7 - 8 .7 2,083 404,318 - 9 .2 -1 5 .2 6 90 (i°) 1,668 -1 3 .5 4 6 120 82 + 2 .6 + 1 .2 1,378 1,275 + 1 .0 +10.8 839 - 1 .3 4 312 - 1 .0 6, 597 - 2 .6 12 2,158 + .8 44,155 - 1 .8 22 -8 1 .2 408 -8 3 .7 647 + 7 .8 13,924 + 5 .2 22 21 1,600 +12.8 8 38 30 113 -3 1 .1 2,157 —2.1 1, 230 + 7 .8 15 23 577 +22.8 1,113 +14.0 U 10 No change. 11 N ot available. 386 + .6 9,382 28,197 2, 034 41, 641 15, 559 - 3 .5 +4- 4 -7 .4 - 4 .8 + 4 .0 9,609 16, 686 +9. 6 + 9 .5 5,924 —17.4 3 (“) 27 C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN ID E N T IC A L M E N T S IN M A Y A N D JU NE 1934, B Y S T A T E S —Continued E S T A B L IS H [Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statictics, but are taken from reports issued b y cooperating State organizations] Crude-petroleum producing Bituminous coal mining State Per Per N um N um N um N um cent ber ber ber on ber on of cent age Amount age of of pay change pay roll change pay (1 week) estab roll estab roll from from lish lish June June 1934 M ay June M ay 1934 1934 ments ments 1934 1934 + 5 .4 $153,424 -3 .2 48 2,885 -1 3 .4 48,482 - 4 .9 31 51 21 10 5,478 -1 0 .9 +. 6 5,163 1,288 -2 6 .3 531 +10.9 88,514 93,060 16, 597 10,545 -1 9 .1 - 5 .8 -3 9 .0 +15.9 - 3 .7 Alabama 55 Arkansas.-. __ C aliforn ia ___ Colorado 11,099 Per Per cent cent age ofAmount age pay roll change (1 week) change from from M ay June 1934 M ay 1934 1934 9 43 562 9, 767 + 4 .5 + 4 .8 $12,620 289,988 - 3 .7 + 2 .7 8 4 206 23 + 1 .0 + 4 .5 4,244 340 -1 .0 (10) 29 1,701 - 2 .9 39, 714 - 2 .1 6 8 267 273 + 1 .5 + 1 .1 3,624 7,423 - 2 .0 - 5 .0 4 42 -1 0 . 6 1,102 (10) Dist. of Columbia. Florida Idaho. __ Illinois __ _______ Indiana__________ Iowa Kansas__ __ __ K entucky. ___ Louisiana__ _____ Maine Maryland Massachusetts - . 149 30,192 + 4 .1 484, 493 17 1,480 - 7 .8 16,320 - 1 .7 Michigan Minnesota _ Mississippi Missouri M o n t a n a ..._____ 3 367 -5 0 .1 6,161 -3 1 .5 19 11 616 529 - 4 .5 + 3 .5 10,830 11,924 +26.4 -1 6 .4 Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New M exico_____ 14 1, 755 + 2 .0 27,617 - 5 .4 N ew York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio_____________ Oklahoma________ Oregon Pennsylvania____ Rhode Island____ South C arolin a _ South D a k o t a ___ 8 76 18 456 110 +23.6 2,632 +32.5 87 + 4 .8 2,154 -.3 8,546 250,557 6,214 + 4.4 -.1 + 7 .0 6 58 56 5,938 - 8 .2 + 3 .0 689 137,050 - 4 .7 - 2 .1 - 1 .9 1,417,476 + 3 .9 18 824 + 3 .5 19,495 - 1 .7 + 4.3 + 7 .8 -1 3 .5 5 7,116 + 6 .8 288, 918 + 8 .9 453 + 3 .2 14,101 - 4 .0 362 +26.6 76,212 5 3 Tennessee Texas____________ U tah.. . Vermont _ _ Virginia 17 5 20 2, 775 +11.8 349 + 1 .7 1,396 -1 1 .5 47,209 6,284 27,953 25 4,748 + 3 .8 81,139 - 4 .8 Washington _ West Virginia........ Wisconsin _ ____ W y o m in g _____ _ 13 360 1,001 73,570 - 5 .6 + 3 .0 22,590 1,532,081 - 9 .4 + 6 .0 8 475 + 5 .8 8,563 - 5 .4 32 2,828 - 5 .3 62,230 - 5 .1 5 207 +53.3 5,691 +40.4 ]0 N o change. 28 C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN ID E N T IC A L E S T A B L IS H M E N T S IN M A Y A N D JU N E 1934, B Y S T A T E S —Continued [Figures in italic are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y cooperating State organizations] Public utilities State Hotels Per N um N um N um Per N um ber ber on cent Amount of cent ber ber on age age of pay change pay roll of pay estab (1 week) change roll estab roll from from lish June 1934 June lish June M ay M ay 1934 ments 1934 1934 1934 ments Per Per cent Amount cent age age of pay roll change (1 week) change from from June 1934 M ay M ay 1934 1934 Alabama........... . Arizona. Arkansas_____ California. _ Colorado________ 89 61 28 46 202 1,717 1,317 1,996 45,4U 5,922 - 2 .1 -5 .4 + .2 + .6 + 5 .1 $37,427 30,610 40,929 1,254,095 148,363 - 5 .6 -.9 -2 .6 -1 .8 + 5 .8 22 21 80 173 58 1,265 562 897 9,070 1, 295 -3 .1 -1 .7 -8 .0 +• 4 + 3 .4 $10,954 7,678 7,756 141,807 16,396 - 4 .8 -3 .0 - 7 .7 +. 8 + 6 .0 Connecticut______ Delaware________ Dist. of Columbia. Florida_________ Georgia__________ 131 28 21 163 184 9,735 1,133 9,356 4, 259 6,925 + 2 .0 + 1 .7 + 1 .0 + 2 .0 301,892 31,635 262,003 103,911 181,205 + 2 .3 + 3 .7 + 1 .0 - 3 .3 - 1 .9 33 4 44 81 39 1,345 267 4,626 1,222 1,548 + 1 .7 + 2 .7 - 5 .9 -2 4 .4 - 1 .0 17, 258 3,590 70,439 12,424 12,745 + 1 .3 + .6 - 5 .1 -2 4 .1 + 1 .5 Idaho___ Illinois___ Indiana__ Iowa___________ Kansas___________ 56 86 135 424 13185 791 78,186 9,862 9,438 7,338 + 5 .9 + .4 + .7 + 1 .6 + .5 15,486 2,017,482 244,640 215, 209 173,924 + 7 .3 - 1 .1 + 1 .6 + 2 .8 + 3.1 22 66 59 33 412 16,187 3,243 2,626 801 -3 .5 + 8 .4 -.8 -5 .2 + .8 4,834 242,256 33,476 24,961 8,347 + 2 .5 + 6 .6 - 5 .1 -6 .6 -.5 K entucky_____ 278 Louisiana........ ....... 150 M aine______ 169 M aryland___ _____ 95 Massachusetts___ 13128 6,322 5,722 2, 758 12,447 47,212 + 1 .3 -.3 + 2 .2 + 1.1 + .9 144,881 139,865 72,271 862,118 1,337,740 -.5 -1 .6 +. 8 + 5.8 + .7 37 20 23 20 66 2,118 2,011 746 706 5,349 -1 4 .6 -2 .5 +20.3 -3 .4 + .8 21,115 23,124 8,957 8,799 74,075 -1 6 .6 -.3 +16.9 - 1 .1 + .1 M ichigan. . . ____ M innesota______ Mississippi_______ M issouri______ . M ontana_____ . . . 414 226 190 207 105 28,977 12,517 1,761 20,818 2,112 + .8 +• 1 + 3 .5 + .9 + .6 880,724 325, 708 35,101 547,638 58,192 -.9 + 1 .0 - 4 .8 - 1 .5 -.8 100 79 21 97 35 5,714 3,429 702 5,307 566 + 3 .9 + .9 -.6 -.7 + 1 .6 71,218 41,502 5, 660 63,848 8, 211 + .8 + 6 .1 + .5 -2 .4 + 3 .3 Nebraska___ ____ N evada__________ N ew Hampshire . . New Jersey........ . New M exico.......... 301 37 140 265 53 5,765 416 2,258 21, 568 606 + .2 - 2 .1 + 1 .8 +. 8 (10) 142,684 11,624 60,117 627,875 12,345 -.5 + 2 .1 + 1 .7 +• 3 + 2 .8 44 20 12 94 23 1,680 289 256 4,508 636 - 2 .9 +15.1 + 9 .4 + 8 .3 + .3 17,335 4,062 2,839 55,467 6, 582 -2 .5 +18.9 -4 .0 + 6 .4 + .5 N ew Y ork _______ North C a rolin a ... North Dakota Ohio______ __ __ Oklahoma________ 874 123,055 94 1,770 170 1,306 481 34,967 230 5, 772 + .3 -.3 + 4 .1 +• 4 (3) 3,910,889 37,424 30,892 949,801 131,464 ^+. 8 - 2 .5 + 4 .1 + 1 .3 -2 .0 207 43 18 138 53 27,647 1,760 293 9,049 1,571 + .4 -1 3 .3 + .7 + .7 -6 .7 443,681 16,453 3,010 121, 234 16,533 + (3) -9 .9 + .9 + 2 .7 -3 .4 Oregon___________ Pennsylvania____ Rhode Island____ South Carolina___ South Dakota 181 761 45 72 129 5,524 55,958 4,838 1,746 1,144 —. 9 +• 4 + 1 .5 + 1 .2 + 9 .5 149,930 1,579,758 139,141 35,877 25,828 -.7 + 1 .7 + 1 .1 + .6 + .8 71 154 17 15 23 1,466 9,469 457 446 364 + 1 .2 + 2 .8 +20.3 -4 .7 -1 .4 18,498 126,345 6,140 3,935 4,126 + 1 .5 + 2. 5 +18.1 - 6 .3 - 2 .9 Tennessee________ Texas_______ ____ Utah_____________ Verm ont_________ Virginia__________ 235 145 70 126 179 4,701 8,287 1,865 1,499 6,138 -.5 + 2 .4 + 2 .6 + 3 .6 + 1 .6 107, 278 214,768 38,951 36,054 144,605 -2 .7 + 2 .9 + 2 .7 + 4 .6 -.8 41 48 13 23 41 2,475 3,374 405 523 2,407 -.8 -.6 -4 .0 +16.2 + .1 21,685 41,565 5,173 5,287 25,274 - 1 .1 -1 .3 - 2 .8 +21.6 + 1 .9 196 I 9,821 120 6,240 14 41 10,887 48 471 +• 6 + 1 .0 + .2 + 1 .5 271,976 162,303 816,807 11,195 -.2 - 2 .5 94 40 48 15 2,875 1,311 1,509 145 +. 9 (10) + 3 .6 + 5 .8 34,146 13,829 (n) 1,888 + .2 -.8 Washington_____ W est Virginia. . . Wisconsin W yom ing________ 3 Less than Ho of 1 percent. 10 N o change. 11 N ot available. 12 Includes restaurants. 13 Includes steam railways. 14 Includes railways and express. -.1 + 1 .9 12 232 + 2 .7 29 C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN ID E N T IC A L M E N T S IN M A Y A N D JU N E 1934, B Y S T A T E S —Continued E S T A B L IS H [Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y cooperating State organizations] Laundries State Dyeing and cleaning Per N um N um Per N um N um ber on ber ber ber on cent Amount of cent age age of of pay change pay roll change (1 week) estab estab S& roll from June 1934 from June lish lish June M ay M ay ments 1934 ments 1934 1934 1934 A la b a m a ._______ Arizona............. . Arkansas________ California________ Colorado_________ 19 11 26 64 36 1,043 379 696 5,002 1, 558 + 2 .6 -4 .3 + 1.6 —.1 + 3 .5 $10,436 5,314 6,854 91,016 21,362 + 3 .9 - 6 .8 + 3 .2 —1.1 + 3 .6 Connecticut______ Delaware________ Dist. of Columbia. F lorida........... ....... Georgia__________ 41 3 19 23 27 1, 535 + 4 .6 246 + 5 .1 2,638 + 1 .2 1,052 - 3 . 0 2,749 +15.1 25,967 4,377 41,595 10,236 33,089 + 5 .5 + 7.1 + 2 .3 - 8 .3 +25.3 Idaho____________ Illinois. ................... Indiana__________ Iow a...... .................. Kansas................ . 14 15r/ 48 38 « 47 290 3,326 2,167 1,511 1,143 + 1 .8 + 1.2 + 1 .8 +• 9 + 2 .3 4, 309 55,267 30,090 21,312 15,525 K entucky________ Louisiana............... M aine___________ M aryland________ Massachusetts___ 40 8 26 24 132 1,786 545 588 1,890 5,467 + 1.1 + 4 .2 + 1 .4 + 2 .6 + 1 .0 M ichigan________ Minnesota_______ Mississippi_______ M issouri................ M ontana........... ___ 69 41 8 55 18 3,286 1,799 341 3,359 408 Nebraska________ N evada__________ N ew Ham pshire. _ N ew Jersey............ N ew M exico_____ 16 3 21 42 4 N ew Y ork _______ North Carolina__ North Dakota____ Ohio_____________ Oklahoma............ 7 3 6 120 30 63 Per Per cent cent Amount age age roll change of(1pay week) change from June 1934 from M ay M ay 1934 1934 + 6 .2 (10) -1 0 .0 $1,596 535 866 -1 .4 - 7 .4 - 2 .3 19 281 -2 .4 5,247 - 4 .3 15 317 + 3 .9 6,790 + 4 .3 4 16 11 109 161 223 + 4 .8 -1 .8 +14.4 2,281 2,238 2,925 + 5 .0 - 6 .6 + 8 .0 + 2 .5 + ( 3) - 2 .6 - 1 .8 + 2 .7 44 12 656 181 -.8 - 5 .7 10,938 3,036 - 4 .4 -1 1 .6 22,130 6,019 8, 503 29,887 91,423 + 2 .4 + 7 .2 + 2 .5 + 3 .2 + 1 .4 9 7 6 12 78 302 123 166 234 2,261 -1 .9 + 6 .0 -.6 —7 .9 + 5 .0 4, 528 1,831 3,218 4,229 43,672 - 3 .7 +12.1 + 2 .8 - 7 .7 + 5 .7 + 3 .7 + 1 .0 + .9 + 4 .1 + 2 .3 47,343 28,477 3,811 45,520 6,648 + .4 - 4 .3 + 3 .5 + 1 .7 + 1 .6 28 20 8 31 7 1,100 564 95 782 50 + 1 .2 -1 .6 -1 .0 + 2 .2 + 2 .0 23,161 10,142 1,355 13,756 965 - 4 .7 -3 .2 -4 .0 -.7 - 7 .0 944 36 363 4,812 153 - 6 .2 - 2 .7 + 7 .1 + 3 .8 - 1 .3 13,179 664 5,208 92,017 2,238 -1 0 .3 + 1 .8 + 3 .0 + 5 .0 + 1 .5 15 318 -6 .5 5,312 -1 3 .6 4 13 3 68 286 13 + 3 .0 -1 .0 -2 7 .8 1,179 7,463 215 + 4.9 + 2 .7 -1 2 .2 75 12 10 75 19 7,287 733 215 4,050 924 + .9 + 3.1 + .9 + 1 .0 + 3 .1 128,949 8,183 3,325 65, 565 12, 929 + 1 .7 + 5 .8 + 5.1 + 1 .0 + 9.5 13 14 457 227 + 2 .9 + 9 .7 8,914 2,924 - 4 .4 + 7 .3 86 14 2,655 211 - 3 .9 + 3 .4 50, 250 3,134 - 6 .2 + 4 .5 Oregon___________ Pennsylvania____ Rhode Island........ South Carolina___ South Dakota____ 11 44 20 7 9 312 3,042 1,001 390 233 + 2 .6 + 3 .0 + 2 .0 + 1 .6 + 8 .9 4,877 47,115 17, 582 3,867 3,051 + 6.6 + 1.8 + 4.1 + .9 + .1 5 45 6 12 3 62 1,938 421 141 42 - 4 .6 +. 5 (10) -1 .4 + 5 .0 1,215 37,659 7,813 1,603 742 + .9 -3 .6 + 7 .0 + .3 + 1 .2 Tennessee________ Texas_________ . . . U tah_____________ Verm ont_________ Virginia.................. 17 20 11 10 25 1,570 1,010 639 205 1,331 + .4 + 1 .5 - 1 .7 + 2 .0 + 2 .5 15,728 13,136 9, 235 2, 671 16,489 + 1.9 + 4 .0 - 2 .7 + 4.1 + 6 .0 13 17 12 6 41 218 404 150 90 610 + 2 .8 + 3 .1 - 1 .3 + 4 .7 + 6 .6 2, 705 6,880 2,670 1,326 9,734 + .3 + 1 .5 - 2 .0 + 6 .4 + 5 .1 W ashington______ W est Virginia____ W isconsin........... . W yom ing________ 15 18 H28 7 706 714 1,011 122 + 4 .6 + 3 .8 -.6 + 3 .4 12,352 10,256 13,988 2,062 + 3 .3 + 5 .0 - 2 .1 - 1 .1 13 11 230 285 - 1 .7 + 1 .4 4,451 4,357 - 3 .1 -.6 4 26 - 7 .1 504 - 7 .5 3 Less than Ho of 1 percent. 10 N o change. u Includes dyeing and cleaning. 30 C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN ID E N T IC A L E S T A B L IS H M E N T S IN M A Y A N D JU N E 1934, B Y S T A T E S —Continued [Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y cooperating State organizations] Banks, brokerage, insurance, and real estate State Percent Amount of Percent age change pay roll age change (1 week) from from Mayl934 M ay 1934 June 1934 Number of establish ments Number on pay roll June 1934 Alabam a____ - _____________ ___________ . Arizona_____________________ _____________ Arkansas.._ _____ ___________ _ __________ California________________________________ Colorado............ .................................. ............ 30 30 17 1,198 52 569 319 235 22,947 1,649 + 1 .4 - 5 .3 + 1. 3 + (3) + .2 $16,534 8,218 5,658 756,139 51, 086 + 2 .7 - 1 .8 + 3 .0 + .3 + .5 Connecticut. ____________________________ Delaware. _ _________ _________________ . District of Columbia_____________________ Florida___________________________________ Georgia_______________ ___________________ 70 15 39 24 66 2,002 504 1,355 826 1,563 + .3 + .6 + .1 +• 5 + 1 .0 69,927 17,692 50,359 25,853 45,964 -.4 + 1 .4 + 1 .2 -.4 ■(3) Idaho__________________ _________________ Illinois____________________________ ______ Indiana___________________________________ Iowa______ _______________________________ Kansas. _____________________ _________ 19 93 58 19 16 38 153 11,052 1,403 990 811 - 1 .9 + .6 + .4 + .1 + .1 3, 754 384,470 45,454 31, 242 24,795 —1. 3 —1. 2 -.5 + .1 + .5 K en tu cky________________________________ Louisiana_________________________________ M aine____ _______________________________ M aryland________________________________ Massachusetts____________________________ 25 18 19 33 is m 908 389 240 1,120 7,670 +. 9 (10) + .8 +• 9 + ( 3) 31, 765 14,499 6,458 39,821 223, 947 + 5 .8 + 1 .2 -.2 + .4 -.7 M ichigan--------------------------------------------------Minnesota________________________________ Mississippi_______________________________ Missouri_______________ __________ ______ M ontana_______________ ______________ . 142 57 16 159 24 5,182 4,961 201 5,528 249 + 1 .4 + 1 .0 + 1 .0 + 2 .3 (10) 161,828 141,188 4,264 149,450 7,031 + 1 .6 + 2 .5 + 1 .2 + .5 + .4 Nebraska__________ _____ ________________ Nevada__________________________________ N ew Hampshire___ ____________________ N ew Jersey______ ___________ _________ . N ew M exico___ ___________________________ 20 3 38 131 17 545 39 475 13,030 124 +• 4 + 2 .6 + 1 .5 +■ 4 (10) 17,719 1,101 11,501 379,336 3,352 - 2 .8 + 3 .6 -1 7 .2 + 2.4 -2 .9 N ew Y ork________________________________ North Carolina___________________________ North Dakota____ _______________________ O h io ...._____ ____________________________ Oklahoma________________________________ 1,050 28 39 300 33 66, 790 569 281 8,333 689 -1 .3 (10) -.4 + .2 + .4 2,170,768 14,926 6, 714 276, 520 21,189 -3 .6 +. 6 + 2 .2 + .5 + .5 Oregon_____ _____________________________ Pennsylvania_____ ________________________ Rhode Island_____________________________ South Carolina___________________________ South Dakota____________________________ 18 16 735 74 11 31 795 21, 430 1,809 115 237 + .6 -.5 (10) (i°) + 1 .3 27, 443 672,046 67,505 3,409 5,996 + .3 -.3 -1 .0 + .8 -.5 Tennessee______ _________________________ Texas________ _____________________________ U ta h ...._________________________________ Vermont_________________________________ Virginia.............................................................. 43 30 25 29 65 1,192 1,409 622 219 1,575 + .1 + .2 +. 5 (10) + .7 39, 449 39,479 20,792 6, 270 50,480 + 4 .7 + 1 .6 -.4 + .1 + .1 Washington............................................. ......... West Virginia____ ________________________ W isconsin___ ________________ ___________ W yom ing..... .......... ........................ .................. 51 46 37 13 1,659 675 1,145 117 +• 9 + 1 .0 -.3 + 4 .5 50,430 19,679 38,025 3,422 -1 .5 + .5 - 1 .5 + 3 .8 3 Less than Ho of 1 percent. 10 N o change. 16 Does not include brokerage and real estate. 31 Employment and Pay Rolls in June 1934 in Cities of Over 500,000 Population LUCTUATIONS in employment and pay-roll totals in June 1934 as compared with May 1934 in 13 cities of the United States having a population of 500,000 or over are presented in the following table. These changes are computed from reports received from identical establishments in each of the months considered. In addition to reports received from establishments in the several industrial groups regularly covered in the survey of the Bureau, excluding building construction, reports have also been secured from other establishments in these cities for inclusion in these totals. Information concerning employment in building construction is not available for all cities at this time and therefore has not been included. F F L U C T U A T IO N S IN E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN JU NE 1934 AS C O M P A R E D W IT H M A Y 1934 Cities New Y ork C ity ................. Chicago, 111______________ Philadelphia, P a________ Detroit, M ich ................... Los Angeles, Calif. _____ Cleveland, Ohio_________ St. Louis, M o ___________ Baltimore, M d __________ Boston, M ass____________ Pittsburgh, P a__________ San Francisco, Calif.......... Buffalo, N .Y ............ .......... M ilwaukee, W is_________ Number of establish ments re porting in both months M a y 1934 8,623 2,123 2,322 1,431 1,632 1,853 1,985 1,050 3, 360 1,210 1,221 665 639 499,079 280,827 185, 757 323,857 97,118 132, 865 110,698 83,946 128,879 120, 596 70, 799 60, 667 55,461 June 1934 A mount of pay roll Per (1 week) centage change from M ay M a y 1934 June 1934 1934 Per centage change from M ay 1934 490,824 286,909 187,165 300,349 95,482 129,630 111,081 83, 546 127, 577 122, 372 70,410 60, 260 55, 775 - 1 .7 $13,231,131 $12,887, 737 7,030, 286 + 2 .2 6,867,801 4, 251,444 4, 299, 563 + 0 .8 8,390, 716 7,020, 531 - 7 .3 2,298,733 2, 239, 598 -1 .7 -2 .4 3,047,197 2,970,479 2, 395, 729 2,328,743 + 0 .3 1, 772,568 - 0 .5 1, 769, 283 2,960,104 -1 .0 3,007,088 2, 683,936 2,734,800 + 1 .5 1, 738,684 1,708, 243 -0 .5 1,412,225 - 0 .7 1,347, 556 1,224,300 1,194, 358 + 0 .6 - 2 .6 + 2 .4 + 1.1 -1 6 .3 -2 .6 - 2 .5 + 2 .9 + 0 .2 - 1 .6 + 1 .9 - 1 .8 - 4 .6 + 2.5 Number on pay roll Employment on Class I Steam Railroads in the United States EPORTS of the Interstate Commerce Commission for class I railroads show that the number of employees, exclusive of executives and officials, increased from 1,032,042 on May 15, 1934, to 1,042,034 (preliminary) on June 15, 1934, or 1 percent. Data are not yet available concerning total compensation of employees for June 1934. The latest pay-roll information available shows an increase from $118,345,337 in April 1934 to $124,953,597 in May 1934, or 5.6 percent. The monthly trend of employment from January 1923 to June 1934 on class I railroads— that is, all roads having operating revenues of $1,000,000 or over— is shown by index numbers published in the following table. These index numbers, constructed by the Interstate Commerce Commission, are based on the 3-year average, 1923-25 as 100. R 32 IN D E X E S OF E M P L O Y M E N T ON C L A S S I S T E A M R A IL R O A D S IN T H E S T A T E S , J A N U A R Y 1923 T O JU N E 1934 U N IT E D [3-year average, 1923-25=100] M onth 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 January______________ February....................... M arch................. .......... A pril_________________ M a y ______ ___________ June_________________ July................................. August--------------- ------September..................... October.......................... N ovem ber___________ December...................... 98.4 98.6 100.4 101.9 104.8 107.1 108.2 109.2 107.7 107.1 105.0 99.1 96.7 96.9 97.3 98.8 99.1 97.9 98.0 98.9 99.6 100.7 98.9 96.0 95.5 95.3 95.1 96.5 97.7 98.5 99.3 99.5 99.7 100.4 98.9 96.9 95.6 95.8 96.5 98.6 100.0 101.3 102.6 102.4 102.5 103.1 101.0 98.0 95.2 95.0 95.6 97.1 99.1 100.7 100.7 99.2 98.8 98.5 95.5 91.7 89.1 88.7 89.7 91.5 94.4 95.8 95.4 95.5 95.1 95.2 92.7 89.5 88.0 88.6 89.8 91.9 94.6 95.8 96.3 97.1 96.5 96.6 92.8 88.5 86.1 85.2 85.3 86.7 88.3 86.3 84.5 83.5 82.0 80.2 76.9 74.8 73.5 72.6 72.7 73.4 73.8 72.7 72.3 71.0 69.2 67.6 64.4 62.5 61.1 60.2 60.5 59.9 59.6 57.7 56.3 54.9 55.7 56.9 55.8 54.7 54.1 53.0 52.7 54.6 55.9 51.5 56.9 51.8 52.5 58.5 53.6 i 59.0 55.4 56.8 57.7 57.4 _____ 55.8 _____ 54.0 Average............... 104.0 98.2 97.8 99.8 97.3 92.7 93.1 83.3 70.6 57.8 54.4 1934 *56.5 1 Preliminary. 2 Average for 6 months. Source: Interstate Commerce Commission. Employment and Pay Rolls in the Federal Service, June 1934 HERE was an increase of 2,008 employees in the executive departments of the United States Government comparing June with May 1934. Comparing June 1934 with the same month of the previous year, employment increased 95,315 or 16.8 percent. Data concerning employment in the executive departments is collected by the United States Civil Service Commission from the various departments and offices of the United States Government. The figures are tabulated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Employ ment data for the legislative, judicial, and military services are collected and compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Table 1 shows the number of employees in the executive depart ments of the Federal Government. Data for the District of Columbia is shown separately. Approximately 13 percent of the employees in the executive branches of the United States Government work in the city of Washington. T T able 1 .—E M P L O Y E E S IN T H E E X E C U T IV E S E R V IC E OF T H E U N IT E D S T A T E S , JU N E 1933, A N D M A Y A N D JU NE 1934 District of Columbia Item Perma Tem pora nent ry! Total Outside the District Perma nent Tem pora ry! Total Entire service Perma nent Tem pora ry! Number of employees: June 1933................ ............ 63,279 2,495 65,774 466,443 33,562 500,005 529,722 36,057 85,939 492,659 80,488 573,147 570,142 88,944 77,483 M8,456 ...... ............ .......... a y 1934 June 1934_-------- --------------- 78,302 8,894 87,196 495,686 78, 212 573,898 573,988 87,106 Gain or loss: +15, 023 +6,399 +21,422 +29,243 +44,650 +73,893 +44,266 +51,049 June 1933-June 1934___ +819 +438 + 1, 257 +3,027 - 2 , 276 +751 +3,846 -1 ,8 3 8 M a y 1934-June 1934_........ Percent of change: + 8 .4 +141.6 + 6 .3 +133. 0 +14.8 June 1933-June 1934--------- +23.7 +256.5 +32.6 + 1.5 - .1 - 2 .1 + .6 - 2 .8 + .7 M a y 1934-June 1934--------+ 1.1 + 5 .2 Labor turnover-June 1934: 2,466 1,717 4,183 8,888 26, 590 35,478 11,354 28,307 Additions 2........ ................. 2,758 1,578 1,180 6,018 28,845 34,863 7,596 30,025 Separations2—..................... 2.02 13.60 3.19 1.22 33. 51 6.08 1. 33 32.16 Turnover rate per 100------ Total 565,779 659,086 661,094 +95,315 +2,008 + 16.8 + .3 39,661 37,621 5.70 i N ot including field employees of the Post Office Department. * N ot including employees transferred within the Government service as such transfers should not be regarded as labor turn-over, or loss of 32 due to recount, but not actual separations. 33 Comparing June 1934 with the previous month, there was an in crease of 819 or 1.1 percent in the number of employees in the District of Columbia. The number of temporary employees increased 5.2 percent. Federal employment in the city of Washington increased 1,257 or 1.5 percent comparing June with May 1934. Comparing June 1934 with the corresponding month of the previous year, there was an increase of 23.7 percent in the number of permanent employees. The number of temporary employees was 3.5 times as great in June 1934 as in June 1933. The total of Federal employment in the Dis trict of Columbia increased nearly one-third comparing these 2 months. The turn-over rate for permanent employees in the District of Columbia was 2.02, for temporary employees, 13.60, and for the execu tive departments as a whole, 3.19. Employment in the executive departments outside of the Capital City increased 0.1 percent comparing June with May. Comparing June 1934 with the same month of last year there was an increase of 14.8 percent in total employment outside the District of Columbia. Table 2 shows employment in the executive departments of the United States Government by months, January to June 1934, inclusive. 2 .—E M P L O Y M E N T IN T H E E X E C U T IV E D E P A R T M E N T S OF T H E U N IT E D S T A T E S B Y M O N T H S , 1934, F O R D IS T R IC T OF C O L U M B IA , O U T S ID E D IS T R IC T OF C O L U M B IA , A N D T O T A L S T able Outside District District of of Columbia Columbia M onth January...................... February............ ....... M arch...... .................. 78,045 79,913 81,569 530,094 531,839 541,990 Total 608,139 611,752 623,559 Outside District District of of Columbia Columbia M onth April........................... M a y ................. .......... June............................ 83,850 85,939 87,196 560,258 573,147 573,898 Total 644,108 659,086 661,094 There were over 9,000 more employees in the city of Washington in June than in January 1934. The number of employees outside of the District increased 43,804 over this period. Table 3 shows the number of employees and amounts of pay roll in the various branches of the United States Government during May and June 1934. 3 .—N U M B E R OF E M P L O Y E E S A N D A M O U N T S OF P A Y R O L L S IN T H E V A R IO U S B R A N C H E S OF T H E U N IT E D S T A T E S G O V E R N M E N T , M A Y A N D JU N E 1934 T able Number of employees Amount of pay roll Branch of service M ay Executive service...................................................... M ilitary service..........- ........................................... Judicial service.......................................................... Legislative service.................................................... T otal___________________________________ June M ay June 659,086 266,864 1,913 3,862 661,094 267,038 1,881 3,878 $89,577,479 19,216,150 442,896 940,666 $91,540,229 19,539,020 439,170 944,758 931,725 933,891 110,177,191 112,463,177 34 Increases in employment were registered in the executive, military, and legislative services comparing June with May. A slight decrease was shown in judicial service. Table 4 shows the number of employees and amounts of pay roll for all branches of the United States Government for the months, December 1933 to June 1934, inclusive. 4 . — N U M B E R OF E M P L O Y E E S A N D A M O U N T S OF P A Y R O L L S F O R A L L B R A N C H E S OF T H E U N IT E D S T A T E S G O V E R N M E N T B Y M O N T H S , D E C E M B E R 1933 T H R O U G H JU N E 1934 T a b le Executive service M onth M ilitary Service Judicial service Legislative service N um N um Number Number ber of Amount ber of Am ount of em Amount of of em Am ount of of pay of pay em em pay roll pay roll roll ployees roll ployees ployees ployees 1933 Decem ber_______________ 608,670 i$82,011,601 1934 January-------------------------February---------- ------------M a r c h ---------------------A pril____________________ M a y ____________________ June------------- ------------------ 608,139 611, 752 623,559 644,108 659, 086 661, 094 i i i i 77, 450,498 83,524,296 84,837,493 85,090, 283 89, 577,479 91,540,229 263,622 $17,656,909 1,872 $432, 435 3,864 $886, 781 262,942 263,464 266, 285 266,923 266,864 267, 038 1,780 417, 000 1,742 i 430,843 1, 854 i 443, 505 1,904 432,401 1,913 442,896 1,881 439,170 3,845 3, 852 3,867 3,865 3,862 3,878 18, 499, 516 19, 532,832 19,050,158 18,816, 636 19,216,150 19, 539,020 871, 753 926, 363 928, 368 926, 484 940, 666 944, 758 i Revised. E m ploym ent Created by the Public Works Fund, June 1934 U RIN G the month ending June 15 there were nearly 583,000 workers engaged on construction projects financed either wholly or partially from the Public Works fund. This is an increase of nearly 100,000 as compared with May. The workers earned nearly $32,000,000 during the month ending June 15. D E m ploym ent on Construction Projects, by T y p e of P roject T able 1 shows, by type of project, employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked during the month of June 1 1934 on Federal projects financed from the Public Works fund. 1.—E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D ON F E D E R A L P R O JE C T S F IN A N C E D F R O M P U B L IC W O R K S F U N D S , D U R IN G JU N E 1934, B Y T Y P E OF P R O J E C T [Subject to revision] T able T yp e of project Number Am ount of N um ber of Average of wage earnings pay rolls man-hours earners worked per hour Building construction________________________ Public roads__________________________________ River, harbor, and flood control______________ Streets and roads ®.................................... ............. Naval v e s s e ls -______ ____________ _______ Reclamation__________________________________ F o re s try _________________________ __________ Water and sewerage__________________________ Miscellaneous________________________________ 37,850 322,368 41,127 11, 731 13, 426 13,916 21,814 1,689 13, 657 $2, 295,118 15, 375, 274 2, 599, 712 471, 528 1, 459,884 1, 502,881 1, 337, 331 95, 850 1,105,814 3,149, 729 30, 519,058 4, 219, 262 978, 533 1, 791, 433 3, 337,971 2, 346,141 138,166 1,894,674 T otal___________________________________ 477, 578 26, 243, 392 48, 374,967 Value of material orders placed $0.729 $3, 611, 508 .504 27, 000,000 .616 5, 528, 278 .482 549, 523 .815 1, 633, 063 .450 4, 704,637 .570 407, 423 .694 130,119 .584 . 2,883, 467 .542 46,448, 018 ° Other than those reported b y the Bureau of Public Roads. i Whenever the month of June is spoken of in this study, it is assumed to mean the month ending June 15. 35 Federal projects are financed from allotments made by the Public Works Administration to various Federal agencies. The construc tion work is performed either by commercial firms to whom contracts are awarded or by day labor hired directly by the Federal departments. During the month ending June 15, over 477,000 workers were engaged on Federal construction projects financed from the Public Works fund. Over 67 percent of these workers were engaged in road building. Over 40,000 were working on river, harbor, and fioodcontrol work and over 30,000 on building construction. Monthly pay rolls for workers on all types of projects amounted to over $26,000,000. Road work accounted for over $15,000,000 of this total. The workers on Federal projects earned over 54 cents per hour. The highest earnings, 81.5 cents per hour, were earned by workers on naval vessels. Workers on reclamation projects averaged only 45 cents per hour. Material orders valued at over $46,000,000 were placed during the month ending June 15 by contractors and Government agencies doing force account work. Table 2 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours of work during June on non-Federal projects financed from Public Works funds, by type of project. T 2 .—E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D ON N O N F E D E R A L P R O J E C T S F IN A N C E D F R O M P U B L IC W O R K S F U N D S D U R IN G JU N E 1934, B Y T Y P E OF P R O J E C T [Subject to revision] able T ype of project Number Amount of Number of Average of wage earnings pay rolls man-hours worked per hour earners Value of material orders placed Building construction________________________ Streets and roads__________ _____ ____________ Water and s e w e r a g e ________ _____________ Railroad construction_____________________ ___ Miscellaneous________ _______________________ 18, 784 15, 276 17,024 33, 258 699 $1,150,808 757, 526 924, 265 1, 303,166 43,108 1,431,128 1, 228,192 1, 367, 215 2,911,052 65,834 $0.804 .617 .676 .448 .655 $2,632,087 818,977 1,710,014 1, 575, 389 111, 847 Total___________________________________ 85, 041 4,178,873 7,003,421 .597 6,848, 314 Non-Federal projects are financed by allotments made from the Public Works fund to a State or political subdivision thereof or, in some cases, to commercial firms. In the case of allotments to States, the Public Works Administration makes a direct grant of 30 percent of the total cost of the construction project, and the public agency to whom the loan is made finances the other 70 percent. In some cases this 70 percent is obtained as a loan from the Public Works Admin istration. This loan bears interest and must be repaid within a given period. Funds allotted to commercial firms are wholly loans. Practically all of the commercial allotments to date have been to railroads. Railroad work falls under the following headings: First, construction 36 such as electrification, laying of rails and ties, repairs to railroad build ings, etc.; second, the building or repairing of locomotives and pas senger and freight cars in railroad shops. Data concerning railroad construction employment is shown in table 2. Employment in railroad shops is shown in table 5, page 37. During the month ending June 15 there were over 85,000 employees working on non-Federal projects. These workers were paid over $4,000,000 for their month’s work. They worked over 7,000,000 hours and their hourly earnings averaged nearly 60 cents. The hourly earnings ranged from less than 45 cents in the case of railroad construction workers to over 80 cents for building workers. Orders were placed for materials valued at over $6,800,000. , Employment on Construction Projects by Geographic Divisions Table 3 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked during June 1934 on Federal projects financed from Public Works funds, by geographic divisions. T a b l e 3 .—E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O LLS , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D ON F E D E R A L P R O JE C T S F IN A N C E D F R O M P U B L IC W O R K S F U N D S D U R IN G JU N E 1934, B Y G E O G R A P H IC D IV IS IO N [Subject to revision] Wage earners Geographic division Number W eekly em ployed average Average Amount of Number of earnings pay rolls man-hours worked per hour Value of material orders placed 23,339 53,820 68, 527 74, 560 62,945 40, 518 59, 311 54,683 32, 695 22,564 52,141 67, 295 72, 699 60,175 39,498 56,975 53,792 31, 679 $1, 565, 566 3,113,714 3, 796, 533 3, 415, 553 3,115,051 2, 053,197 2, 293, 264 4, 215, 775 2, 387, 635 2, 637,479 5, 714, 525 6,198, 237 6, 577,117 5,947, 240 4, 551, 212 5,074, 391 7, 606,178 3, 388,202 $0.594 .545 .613 .519 .524 .451 .452 .554 .705 $780,338 1,337, 355 2,995, 765 1,961, 634 2, 518, 354 997,986 1, 305,777 5, 715,094 1,431,868 Total continental United States. 470,398 Outside continental United States____ 7,180 456,818 6,557 25,956, 288 287,104 47, 694, 581 680, 386 .544 .422 i 46,044,171 403,847 463, 375 26, 243, 392 48,374,967 .542 46,448,018 N ew England...... .................................... M iddle Atlantic______________________ East North C entral--______ _________ W est North Central_______ __________ South Atlantic......................................... East South Central__________________ W est South Central______ _____ _____ Mountain______ _____________________ Pacific____________ ___________ ______ Grand total___ _______ ________ 477, 578 1 Includes $27,000,000 estimated value of material orders placed for public-road projects which canno^ be charged to any specific geographic division. Nearly 75,000 people were working on Federal construction projects in the West North Central States during June, and over 60,000 in both the East North Central States and the South Atlantic States. In the Pacific States the average earnings were over 70 cents per hour. In the East South Central States and the West South Central States the hourly earnings averaged only slightly in excess of 45 cents. These were the only two geographic divisions in which the average earnings per hour totaled less than 50 cents. 37 Table 4 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked during June 1934 on non-Federal projects financed from Public Works funds, by geographic divisions. T able 4 .— E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D ON N O N F E D E R A L P R O JE C T S F IN A N C E D F R O M P U B L IC W O R K S FU N D S D U R IN G JU NE 1934, B Y G E O G R A P H IC D IV IS IO N [Subject to revision] Wage earners Geographic division Number W eekly em ployed average Amount of Number of Average earnings pay rolls man-hours worked per hour Value of material orders placed N ew England________________________ M iddle Atlantic_________ ___________ East N orth Central._____ ___________ West North Central_________________ South Atlantic______ ________________ East South Central__________________ West South Central—.................... ........ M ountain----------------- ------- -----------------Pacific....... .................................................. 8,835 11,476 16,750 14,314 13,450 3,157 2,766 6,514 7,223 7,006 9,839 14, 276 12,121 11,716 2, 689 2, 395 5,425 6,480 $457,997 598, 521 988,616 585,993 767,427 145, 233 118,713 216,266 268, 636 792,308 949, 203 1,432,648 992, 356 1,324, 361 277,278 226,920 467,102 483,632 $0.578 .631 .690 .591 .579 .524 .523 .463 .555 $450,644 1,692, 559 1,035,874 970,019 1, 749,459 161,453 310,185 156,691 258,820 Total continental United States. Outside continental United States....... 84,485 556 71,947 474 4,147,402 31,471 6,945,808 57, 613 .597 .546 6, 785, 704 62,610 85,041 72,421 4,178,873 7,003,421 .597 6,848,314 Grand total................................. . More than 10,000 employees were working on non-Federal projects in each of the following geographic divisions: Middle Atlantic, East North Central, West North Central, and South Atlantic. Average hourly earnings ranged from 46 cents in the Mountain States to 69 cents in the East North Central States. Table 5 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked in railroad shops on jobs financed from the Public Works fund during June 1934, by geographic divisions. T able 5 .—E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O LLS , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D IN R A IL R O A D SHOPS ON W O R K F IN A N C E D F R O M P U B L IC W O R K S F U N D S D U R IN G JU N E 1934, B Y G E O G R A P H IC D IV IS IO N [Subject to revision] Geographic division Number Amount of Number of Average earnings of wage pay rolls man-hours earners worked per hour Value of material orders placed N ew England________________________________ M iddle Atlantic_____________________ ________ East N orth Central__________________ _______ West North Central__________________________ South Atlantic_______________________________ East South Central....... ........................................ W est South Central---------------------------------------M ountain______ ____ _____ __________________ Pacific____ __________________________________ 985 5,883 2,899 966 93 2,363 2,423 829 3,612 $103,752 466,381 237,190 47,873 6, 769 242,933 153,351 40,012 226,697 162,431 727,980 366,690 74,243 13,427 401,370 262,083 65,358 373, 244 $0.639 .641 .647 .645 .504 .605 .585 .612 .607 $67,533 515,134 1,201,917 230, 396 29,030 1,009,430 277,339 132,586 384,398 Total____ __________ __________ ____ ___ 20,053 1,524,958 2, 446,826 .623 3,847,763 Of the 20,000 railroad shop workers, nearly 6,000 were employed in the Middle Atlantic States, over 3,600 in the Pacific States, and over 2,000 in each of the following geographic divisions: East North 38 Central, East South Central, and West South Central. There was a variance of over 14 cents in the average earnings per hour, com paring the geographic divisions. In the South Atlantic States wage earners in railroad shops earned slightly more than 50 cents per hour and in the East North Central States 64.7 cents per hour. Table 6 shows expenditures for materials purchased during the month ending June 15, 1934, by type of material. T able 6 .— M A T E R IA L S P U R C H A S E D D U R IN G M O N T H E N D IN G JU N E 15, 1934, F O R P U B L IC W O R K S PR O JE C T S , B Y T Y P E OF M A T E R I A L [Subject to revision] T yp e of material Aircraft (new )_____ _________ ____ _____ Airplane part s----------- ---------------------------Am m unition and related products______ Boat building, steel and wooden (small) . Bolts, nuts, washers,, e tc.- - ............. .......... Cast-iron pipe and fittings........- ................ C em ent. Chemicals_-_____ ______________ Clay p r o d u c ts ................. .............. Coal......... .......... ................... .......... Compressed and liquefied gases.. Concrete products________ _____ Copper products------------ -----------Cordage and tw ine................. ....... Cork products--------------------------Cotton goods.................- ________ C reosoteCrushed stone___________________________________________________________ Doors, shutters, and window sash and frames, molding and trim (m etal). Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies............ ..................................... Engines, turbines, tractors, water wheels, and windmills....... ............ .......... Explosives--------- ---------- --------------------------------------------- ------- -------------- ------Felt g Forgings, iron and steel.------ --------------------------------------------------Foundry and machine shop products, not elsewhere classifiedFuel oil.. Furniture, including store and office fixtures.. Gasoline----------------- ---------- ---------------------------Glass____________________ _______ ___________ Hardware, miscellaneous____________________ Instruments, professional and scientific........... Lighting equipm ent-------------------------------------Lim e. Lubricating oils and greases____________________ _______ _________________________ ________ Lumber and tim ber products___ ______ __________ _____ ___________ ____________ ____ ____ M achine tools_________________________________ ___________ ________________________________ Marble, granite, slate, and other stone products------- -----------------------------------------------------------M otor vehicles, trucks___________________________________________ _________________________ Nails and spikes------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------- ----------------Nonferrous-metal alloys, nonferrous-metal products, except aluminum, not elsewhere classified. Paints and varnishes.-------- -------------------- ---------------- -------------------------------Paving materials and mixtures__________________ _____ __________________ Planing-mill products_____________ ____ ________ ______ ______ ____ _____ Plumbing supplies_______________________________________________________ Pumps and pumping equipment_________________________________________ Radio apparatus and supplies____________________________________________ Rail fastenings________________________________ ____ _____________________ Railway cars, freight____ ________________________________________________ Railway cars, passenger________ ____ ____________________________________ Refrigerators and refrigerator cabinets, including mechanical refrigerators. Roofing, built-up and roll; asphalt shingles; roof coatings, other than paint. Rubber £ i Subject to revision. Value of material orders placed 1 1,552,834 18, 702 175,062 260,925 866,277 4, 601,543 10,456 567,847 85,240 16, 677 637,880 39, 241 11, 773 12, 858 19, 421 261, 709 94,896 145,890 2,047,887 170,551 68,926 33,814 113, 798 2, 793, 680 304,855 246,473 303, 664 28, 658 226, 777 25,408 146,082 14, 716 90,326 2, 765,444 189,672 650, 572 49,035 15, 420 45, 690 178, 409 241,727 206, 675 644,781 143, 728 98, 655 18, 592 232,000 213,800 136, 204 121,928 23,811 39 T a bl e 6 .—M A T E R I A L S P U R C H A S E D D U R IN G M O N T H E N D IN G JU N E 15, 1934, F O R P U B L IC W O R K S P R O J E C T S , B Y T Y P E OF M A T E R I A L —Continued [Subject to revision] Value of material orders placed T yp e of material Sand and gravel............. .............................................................- ................................ - ......................... Sheet-metal work___________ _______ _____ ________ _ ._______ ______ __________ __________ Springs, steel__________ ______ ________ ___________________ ___________ ____ - ............ ............ Steam and hot-water heating apparatus--------------------------------------- --------------------------------------Steam and other packing, pipe and boiler covering, and gaskets--------------------------------- -------Steel-works and rolling-mill products, other than steel rails, including structural and orna mental metal work__________________________________ ____ ________________ ____ ________ Stoves and ranges (other than electric) and warm air furnaces.........- ....................... ................... Tools, other than machine tools_____________________________ ______________________ - .......... Upholstering materials, not elsewhere classified...... ...................... .......... ...............- ................... Wall plaster, wall board, insulating board, and floor com position__________________________ Wire, drawn from purchased rods__________ ________________ ______ __________ ___________ Wirework, not elsewhere classified_________________________ ____________ ________ _________ Wrought pipe, welded and heavy riveted-------------------------- ------------- -------- ---------------- — -----Other___________________________ ____ _____________________ __________ ___________ _____ Public road projects 2-------------------------------------------------------..------------------------ ------------------------Total— ______ ____________ ______ ________________________ _______ _________________ $792,526 121,249 35,874 258,257 70,127 3,991,133 37,850 87,418 16,469 143,355 129,897 79,791 93,467 2,492,454 27,000,000 57,589,895 2 N ot available b y type of material. Orders were placed for materials during the month of May valued at over $57,500,000. It is estimated that the fabrication of this material will create approximately 180,000 man-months of labor. Table 7 shows data concerning employment, pay rolls, and manhours worked during each of the 9 months elapsing since work started on construction projects financed by Public Works funds. T able 7 . — E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D D U R IN G O C T O B E R 1933 TO JU NE 1934, ON P R O JE C T S F IN A N C E D F R O M P U B L IC W O R K S F U N D S , B Y M ONTH [Subject to revision] Value of Average earnings material per hour orders placed1 Number of wage earners Am ount of pay rolls Number of man-hours worked 1933 October................................................... N ovem ber._______ _______ _________ Decem ber____ _______ _____________ 114,098 254,784 270,808 $7,006,680 14,458,364 15,724,700 14,077,752 28,168,280 29,866, 297 $0. 498 .513 .527 $22,005,920 24,^605; 055 24,839,098 1934 January____________________________ February............. ....................... ............ M arch_____ ___________________ ____ A pril_________________________ _____ M a y _____________ _____ ___________ _ June_____________ __________ _______ 273,583 295,722 292, 696 369, 234 486,166 582,672 14,574,960 15, 245,381 15,636,545 17,732, 234 24,637,889 31,947,223 27,658, 591 28,938,177 29,171, 634 31,247, 248 44,130,618 57,825,214 .527 .527 .536 .567 .558 .553 23,522,929 24,562,311 69,334,754 66,639,862 49,720,378 57,589,895 156,963,976 291,083,811 M onth T otal_________________________ 1 Includes new equipment purchased b y railroads. 362,820, 202 40 The total earnings fdr the 9 months amounted to over $156,000,000. The men employed have worked nearly 300,000,000 hours. Orders have been placed during this 9-month period for materials valued at over $362,000,000. It is estimated that the manufacture of this material will create over 900,000 man-months of labor. Emergency Work Program At the present time there are nearly 1,000,000 employees on the pay roll of the emergency work program of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration. Table 8 shows the number of employees and the amounts of pay rolls for the workers on the emergency work program for the weeks ending May 31 and June 28. T able 8 .— N U M B E R OF E M P L O Y E E S A N D A M O U N T S OF P A Y R O L L S F O R W O R K E R S ON E M E R G E N C Y W O R K P R O G R A M , M A Y 31 A N D JU NE 28, 1934 Number of employees, week ending Amount of pay roll, week ending Geographic division M a y 31 New England____ ________ ___________________ M iddle A tlantic.............. .................................... . East North Central...... ............................ .............. West North Central------ ---------------------------------South Atlantic-------- ------- ------------------------- ------East South Central------- ---------------- ------- ---------West South Central............. ................................... M ountain_____________________________________ _______________________ ______ Pacific ______ _ June 28 M a y 31 June 28 92,021 281,083 145, 518 108, 704 97,151 35, 236 57,760 34, 791 14,095 92,287 243, 564 162,933 127,171 126,928 62,200 69,375 53, 368 33,358 $1,186,844 3, 865, 641 1,347,586 857,897 677,456 215, 015 453, 210 393, 364 182,449 $1,129, 025 3,954, 740 1, 589, 340 976,466 867,841 351,061 522,629 586,031 423,429 Total_____________ ________ ____ _______ 866, 359 _____ _______________________ Percent of change 971,184 +12.1 9,179,462 10,400,562 + 13.3 There was an increase of 12.1 percent in the number of employees comparing the last week in June with the last week in May. Pay rolls for the same period increased 13.3 percent. Emergency Conservation Work D u e to June being the end of the enlistment period, there was a decrease of 45,000 workers in the civilian conservation camps. The 280,000 workers engaged in emergency conservation work during the month ending June 30 drew over $12,600,000 for their month’s pay. In addition to pay, these workers are given board, clothing, and medical attention. Table 9 shows the employment and pay rolls for emergency con servation work during the months of May and June 1934, by type of work. 41 T able 9 — E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN T H E E M E R G E N C Y C O N S E R V A T IO N W O R K , M A Y A N D JU NE 1934 Number of employees Amount of pay rolls Group M ay Enrolled personnels----------- ------------- ------- . ------Reserve officers.............................. .......................... Educational advisors.................................. .......... Supervisory and technical2.................................... T otal___________________________________ June M ay June i 299, 508 5, 591 1,081 1 3 29, 691 246,498 5, 640 1,104 4 27, 029 i $9,353,631 1,302,417 164,343 3, 227,121 $7,698,133 1,411,132 167,760 3,364,376 335,871 280, 271 14,047, 512 12,641,401 1 Revised. 2 Includes carpenters, electricians, and laborers. 3 23,900 included in the executive service table. * 24,432 included in the executive service table. Data concerning employment and pay rolls for emergency conserva tion work is collected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics from the War Department, the Department of Agriculture, the Treasury Depart ment, and the Interior Department. The pay of the enlisted personnel is figured as follows: 5 percent are paid $45 per month, 8 percent $36 per month, and the remaining 87 percent $30 per month. Table 10 shows monthly totals of employees and pay rolls in emergency conservation work from the inception of the work in May 1933 to June 1934, inclusive. T able 1 0 .—M O N T H L Y T O T A L S OF E M P L O Y E E S A N D P A Y R O L L S IN T H E E M E R G E N C Y C O N S E R V A T IO N W O R K F R O M M A Y 1933 T O JU N E 1934 M onth 1933 ______ M a y ___ June______________________ J uly______ ________________ August_____ ______ September_________________ O c to b e r__ ______ N ovem ber_________________ Decem ber_________________ Number of em ployees 191,380 283,481 316,109 307,100 242, 968 294, 861 344, 273 321, 701 Amount of pay roll $6, 388, 760 9,876, 780 11,482, 262 11, 604, 401 9, 759, 628 12, 311, 033 14, 554, 695 12, 951,042 M onth 1934 January...... .......... ........... . February__________________ M arch________ _ ________ April______________________ M a y_____________________ _ June _ _ ________________ Number of em ployees Amount of pay roll i 331,594 i $13,581,506 i 321,829 i 13,081,393 i 247, 591 i 10,792,319 i 314, 664 i 13, 214,018 i 335,871 i 14,047,512 12, 641,401 280, 271 1 Revised. E m ploym ent on Public Roads Other Than Public Works HERE was a gain of over 18 percent in the number of road em ployees paid from Federal carry-over appropriations and a gain of over 7 percent in the number of State road workers, comparing June with May. Most of the road building, is now being financed from the public-works fund. Data concerning road workers who are paid from this fund are shown in table 1, page 34. Table 1 shows the number of employees, exclusive of those paid from the public-works fund, engaged in the building and maintaining of Federal and State public roads during the months of May and June 1934. T 42 T able 1.— N U M B E R OF E M P L O Y E E S E N G A G E D IN T H E C O N S T R U C T IO N A N D M A IN - T E N A N C E OF P U B L IC R O A D S , S T A T E A N D F E D E R A L , D U R IN G M A Y A N D JU N E 1934, B Y G E O G R A P H IC D IV ISIO N S i Federal Geographic division Number of employees M ay June State Amount of pay rolls M ay Amount of pay rolls Num ber of employees June M ay June 14,969 62, 648 35, 717 16,692 37,305 11, 087 13,963 5,811 10, 329 N ew England______________ M iddle Atlantic___________ East North Central________ West North Central.............. South Atlantic...... .............. . East South Central________ West South Central________ M ountain__________________ P a cific..______ ____________ 0 421 727 247 342 67 964 597 576 13 1,098 455 184 155 59 808 1,066 840 0 $21,046 44,251 11,012 9,247 2,834 28, 701 32, 927 35,321 $738 66, 566 39, 683 7,142 5,950 2,187 30, 319 64,161 60, 430 11,970 63, 397 25,409 15, 585 39,705 9, 828 12, 219 5, 503 10,819 T otal_________________ Percent of change__________ 3,941 4,678 +18.7 185,339 277,176 +49.6 194,435 M ay June $849,494 $1,025,807 3, 341,437 3,079,118 1,378, 771 1,783,164 892,335 836, 310 1,373,297 1,487,812 462, 734 686, 554 939,616 789, 587 449,954 506, 360 793, 555 820, 533 208,521 10,275,139 11,221, 299 + 9 .2 + 7 .2 1 Excluding employment furnished b y projects financed from public-works fund. Over 200,000 road workers were employed by the various State governments during the month of June. Of these workers 82 percent were employed in maintaining existing roads and 18 percent in build ing new roads. Over 30 percent of the State workers were employed in the Middle Atlantic States, while less than 3 percent were working in the Moun tain States. Table 2 shows the number of employees engaged in the construc tion and maintenance of State public roads by months, January to June 1934. T able 2 .—N U M B E R OF E M P L O Y E E S E N G A G E D IN C O N S T R U C T IO N A N D M A I N T E N A N C E OF P U B L IC R O A D S , S T A T E A N D F E D E R A L , J A N U A R Y T O JU N E 1934 i Num ber of employees working on— State roads M onth Federal roads New January__________ __________ ___ ____________ February______ ________________________ _____ M arch........................ .......................................... ..... April.................... ........... .......... ............ .......... ........ M a y _________ . .......... .... ... ........ June*___________________ __________ __________ 7,633 2,382 1,396 1,932 3,941 4,678 Mainte nance 25,345 22,311 19,985 21,510 27,161 37, 642 136,440 126,904 132,144 136,038 167,274 170,879 Total 161,785 149t 215 152,129 157,548 194,435 208,521 i Excluding employment furnished b y projects financed from public-works fund. Employment on Construction Projects Financed by the Recon struction Finance Corporation URIN G the month ending June 15 there were approximately 20,000 people working on construction projects financed by the Self-Liquidating Division of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation. D 43 Over $207,000,000 was loaned by the Reconstruction Finance Cor poration for construction projects. These loans were all of the selfliquidating type. Table 1 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on construction projects financed by the Self-Liquidating Division of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, by type of project. T able 1 .— E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D ON P R O JE C T S F IN A N C E D B Y T H E S E L F -L IQ U ID A T IN G D IV IS IO N OF T H E R E C O N S T R U C T IO N F IN A N C E C O R P O R A T IO N D U R IN G JU N E 1934, B Y T Y P E OF P R O J E C T T yp e of project Building construction_____________________ Bridges______________________ ____________ Reclamation__________________________ Water and sewerage.......... ................... .......... Miscellaneous____________________________ Total________________________ ______ Number of wage earners 1 Amount of pay roll i Number of man-hours worked 1 Value of Average material earnings per hour 1 purchased 1 2,787 6,507 2, 310 5, 340 2,274 $277,444 461,497 136,598 629,088 238,691 248,998 588, 794 276,823 932,860 364,867 $1.110 .784 .493 .674 .654 $314,949 733,240 56,619 601,733 482,997 19, 218 1, 743,318 2,412,342 .723 2,189,538 1 Subject to revision. The 19,218 employees working at the site of Reconstruction Finance Corporation construction projects drew over $1,700,000 for their month’s pay. The men worked over 2,400,000 hours. The average earnings per hour for all types of projects amounted to 72 cents, ranging from slightly more than 49 cents for reclamation projects to $1.11 for building construction. Contractors placed purchase orders for material to cost over $2,000,000 during the month ending June 15. Table 2 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on projects financed by the Self-Liquidating Division of the Recon struction Finance Corporation, by geographic divisions. T able 2 .— E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D ON P R O J E C T S F IN A N C E D B Y T H E S E L F -L IQ U ID A T IN G D IV IS IO N OF T H E R E C O N S T R U C T IO N F IN A N C E C O R P O R A T IO N D U R IN G JU N E 1934, B Y G E O G R A P H IC D IV ISIO N S Geographic division Number of Am ount of Num ber of wage pay r o l l 1 man-hours earners 1 worked 1 Average Value of earnings materials per hour 1 purchased N ew England____________________________ M iddle Atlantic__________________________ East North Central________________ _____ West North Central______________ _______ South Atlantic_______________ ___________ East South Central___________ ____ West South C entral............ ............... .......... M ountain_________ ____ ______ ____ _____ Pacific____________________________________ 0 4,065 231 155 1,098 144 1,439 2,460 9, 626 0 $413,240 21,956 9,199 44, 378 6,176 112, 548 148,311 987, 510 0 422,828 21, 791 19,199 103,992 21, 759 164,887 289, 251 1,368,635 0 $0.977 1,010 .479 .427 .284 .683 .513 .722 0 $572,549 46,328 12,928 40,935 6,242 76,031 71,381 1,363,144 Total_______ __________ _______ ____ 19, 218 1, 743, 318 2,412,342 .723 2,189,538 1 Subject to revision. Over 50 percent of the workers engaged in Reconstruction Finance Corporation construction projects were working in the Pacific States. The two large bridges in the San Francisco harbor accounted for a 44 large part of this employment. Average earnings per hour varied greatly in the different geographic divisions. In the East South Central States the men earned only slightly more than 28 cents per hour. In the East North Central States the average earnings exceeded $1.01 cents per hour. Table 3 shows data concerning employment, pay rolls, and manhours worked during April, May, and June on construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation. T able 3 —E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D D U R IN G A P R IL , M A Y , A N D JU N E 1934, ON P R O J E C T S F IN A N C E D B Y T H E S E L F -L IQ U ID A T IN G D I V I SIO N OF T H E R E C O N S T R U C T IO N F IN A N C E C O R P O R A T IO N Number of Am ount of N um ber of wage man-hours pay roll worked earners M onth A p ril______________ _ __________________ M a y___ ____ __ _ _ _ June_____________ ____ ____________________ i 18,638 i $1,518,479 i 2,302, 739 1 19, 274 1 1, 636, 503 1 2, 334, 060 2 19, 218 2 1, 743, 318 2 2, 412,342 Value of materials purchased Average earnings per hour i $0. 659 1.701 2 0. 723 i $2, 297,479 1 2,120,498 2 2,189, 538 2 Subject to revision. 1 Revised. Table 4 shows, by types, the material purchased by contractors working on construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation. It is estimated that 5,600 man-months of labor were created in fabricating this material. T A B L E 4 .—M A T E R IA L S P U R C H A S E D D U R IN G M O N T H E N D IN G JU N E 15, 1934, F O R P R O J E C T S F IN A N C E D B Y T H E S E L F -L IQ U ID A T IN G D IV IS IO N OF T H E R E C O N S T R U C T IO N F IN A N C E C O R P O R A T IO N B Y T Y P E OF M A T E R I A L T ype of material Cast-iron pipe and fittings---- ------ --------------------------- -------------------- -------. ------------Cement____________________ ____ _________________________________ _____________ Clay products------ ----------------------- ---------------. --------- -----------------------------------------Coal_________________________________ ________ ______ _______ ___________________ Compressed and liquefied gas ----------------------------. ------------------------------ ------ --------Concrete products---------- ------------------------ ------ . . . ---------------------------------------------Copper products____________________________ ____ ________________________ _____ Crushed stone, - _________ ____ _____________________________ ______ ____ ____ ____ Electrical machinery and supplies.................................................... . . ........................ Explosives_________________ _______________ ______________ - ---------------- --------- ... Felt goods,.................................................. ........................ ....................... ............ ....... Foundry and machine-shop products, not elsewhere classified--------------------------------Fuel oil________ _______ _______ _______________ ____ _____________ _____________ Gasoline_______ ____________ __________________ ___________________ _____ _______ Glass-------------- ------------- ---------------------- ------------------ ------------------------------------ Hardware, miscellaneous_____ _______ ___________ ____________ ________ _________ Lime____________________ ______ _______ ____ _____ _________ ___________________ Lubricating oils and greases ______ __________________ ___ _____ _____ _____ - ........... Lumber and timber products______________________ - ------------------- ----------------------Marble, granite, slate, and other stone products............................... . . . ........... .............. Nails and spikes__________ ______ ______________________________________________ Paints and varnishes___________ _____________________ . . . ____ ______ ____ _______ Plumbing supplies____ ____________________________________________________ ____ Pumps and pumping equipment------------------------ --------------------------- -------------------Rubber goods...... ......... ..................... ..................................... ........... ............................. . Sand and gravel.......................................................- ............................ .....................— Sheet-metal work____________________ __________________________________________ Steel-works and rolling-mill products, including structural and ornamental metal work Tools, other than machine tools-------- ----------------------------------------- ------------------- — Wall plaster, wall board, insulating board, and floor composition................ ................ Wire, drawn from purchased rods................ .................................................................... Wirework, not elsewhere classified________________________________ ______ _______ _ Other...... ...................................................... .................................................. ............... . Total.......... ............... .................................... .......................................... .............. 1 Subject to revision. Value of ma terials pur chased 1 $60, 683 174, 727 81, 753 3, 319 3, 377 159, 957 74,676 16,823 136,059 133,431 1,082 197, 560 13,947 32,563 2,151 64, 071 1,973 7,440 124,924 2,818 1, 527 2,906 18,150 1,576 4,831 56,427 8,745 694,609 12, 546 2,475 26,686 3, 467 62, 259 45 Wage-Rate Changes in American Industries Manufacturing Industries HE following table presents information concerning wage-rate adjustments occurring between May 15 and June 15, 1934, as shown by reports received from 23,347 manufacturing establishments employing 3,750,605 workers in June. Three hundred and fifty-nine establishments in 58 industries reported wage-rate increases averaging 9.8 percent and affecting 53,366 employees. Six establishments reported decreases which averaged 12.8 percent and affected 193 workers. Forty-nine establishments in the canning and preserving industry reported increases which averaged 14.8 percent and affected 6,616 wage earners. Twenty-eight establishments in the automobile industry gave an average increase of 8.5 percent to 5,640 workers. In the paper and pulp industry, 16 establishments reported an average increase of 8 percent to 4,450 employees. An average increase of 10.1 percent was received by 3,326 workers in 4 ship-building establish ments, while one of 12.3 percent was given to 2,846 employees in 2 establishments in the shirt and collar industry. Twenty-four foun dries and machine shops reported wage-rate boosts averaging 10.4 percent and affecting 2,664 workers, while 2 cane-sugar refineries gave an average increase of 6.3 percent to 2,474 wage earners. Two thousand four hundred and thirty-three employees in the rayon industry, 2,200 in the cement industry, and 2,032 in the electrical machinery industry received average wage-rate boosts of 2 percent, 10.1 percent, and 5.8 percent, respectively. Five industries (loco motives; newspapers and periodicals; brass, bronze, and copper products; rubber tires and inner tubes; and leather) showed average wage-rate increases ranging from 10 percent to 5.8 percent and affect ing a total of 6,908 wage earners. The increases reported in the remaining industries affected less than 1,000 each. 46 T able 1.—W A G E -R A T E C H A N G E S IN M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S D U R IN G M O N T H E N D IN G JU N E 15, 1934 Industry Estab lish ments report ing All manufacturing industries-----Percent of total..................... 23,347 100.0 Iron and steel and their products, not including machinery: Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling m ills................... Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets____ ________________ Cast-iron pipe_______________ Cutlery (not including silver and plated cutlery) and edge tools_________________ Forgings, iron and steel.......... Hardware_______ ____ ______ Plumbers’ supplies........... ...... Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and steam fit tings. ...................................... Stoves.......... ................... .......... Structural and ornamental m etalwork............. ................ Tin cans and other tinw are... Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools, files, and saw s)._______ ________ Wire work______ ______ _____ Machinery, not including trans portation equipment: Agricultural implements____ Cash registers, adding ma chines, and calculating machines__________________ Electrical machinery, appara tus, and supplies............ . Engines, turbines, tractors, and water wheels__________ Foundry and machine-shop products__________ _______ Machine tools_______________ Radios and phonographs____ Textile machinery and parts.. Typewriters and parts......... . Transportation equipment: Aircraft............... ................... Automobiles. _______________ Cars, electric- and steamrailroad______________ ____ Locom otives________________ Shipbuilding________________ Railroad repair shops: Electric railroad____ ____ ___ Steam railroad______________ Nonferrous metals and their products: Aluminum manufactures____ Brass, bronze, and copper products__________________ Clocks and watches and timerecording devices__________ Jewelry______________ ______ Lighting equipment_________ Silverware and plated w a re .. Smelting and refining—cop per, lead, and zinc_________ Stamped and enameled ware. Lumber and allied products: Furniture___________________ Lumber: M ill w ork__________ ____ S aw m ills........................... Turpentine and rosin_______ N umber of establish ments reporting— Total number of em ployees No Wage- Wage- N o wage- Wage- Wagewage- rate rate in rate derate in- rate derate changes creases changes 3,697,046 22,982 98.4 291,784 Number of employees having— (0 53,366 1.4 291,653 217 9, 301 7, 612 9,440 8,112 139 500 157 91 114 85 11,905 9,901 33,896 9,820 154 91 112 84 11,761 9,901 33,831 9,778 227 20,410 27,756 222 20, 224 27, 328 186 428 272 21,614 12,467 269 67 20,990 11, 725 624 742 140 105 10,147 9,508 137 105 10,104 9,508 78 12,202 78 12, 202 30 15,120 30 15,120 401 122,728 395 120, 696 114 30,279 111 30,225 54 1,565 207 52 94 13 163,316 22*262 35, 648 15,402 9, 562 1, 541 200 52 94 12 160,652 22,209 35, 648 15, 402 9, 259 2,664 53 355,187 11,100 32 305 57 11 120 18,908 4,127 34, 527 57 9 116 18,908 2, 306 31, 201 375 576 20,612 83, 342 370 576 20,434 83,342 32 2,032 11,100 28 349,547 1,821 3,326 178 32 7,122 32 7,122 260 41,373 249 40,070 1,303 27 188 27 185 68 65 10,302 9,729 3,847 9,001 ’ " ’ 167 65 10,302 9,896 3,847 9,001 42 196 15,369 25,049 42 192 15,369 24,803 246 54,689 574 53,698 991 30,606 95,364 2,779 681 817 37 30,559 94,740 2,779 47 624 685 820 37 193 0) 47 T able 1. -W A G E -R A T E C H A N G E S IN M A N U F A C T U B IN G IN D U S T R IE S D U R IN G M O N T H E N D IN G JU N E 15, 1934—Continued Industry Stone, clay, and glass products: Brick, tile, and terra cotta___ C em en t..................................... Glass_______________________ Marble, granite, slate, and other products____________ Pottery................. .................... Textiles and their products: Fabrics: Carpets and rugs— ........ Cotton goods......... ............ Cotton small wares______ Dyeing and finishing textiles............................. Hats, fur-felt.................... . Knit goods---------------------Silk and rayon goods____ W oolen and worsted goods______ ____ _____ Wearing apparel: Clothing, men’s-------------Clothing, women’s______ Corsets and allied gar ments_________________ M en’s furnishings............. M illinery............ ................ Shirts and collars_______ Leather and its manufactures: Boots and shoes.. _____ _____ Leather_____________________ Food and kindred products: Baking____ _________________ Beverages___________________ Butter..................................... . Canning and preserving_____ Confectionery_______________ Flour______________ ____ ____ Ice cream__________ ________ Slaughtering and meat pack ing-------------- ---------- ----------Sugar, beet__________________ Sugar refining, c. ne................. Tobacco manufactures: Chewing and smoking tobac co and snuff_______________ Cigars and cigarettes________ Paper and printing: Boxes, paper________________ Paper and pulp_____________ Printing and publishing: Book and jo b ___________ Newspapers and periodi cals...... ............................ Chemicals and allied products, and petroleum refining: Other than petroleum refin ing: Chemicals______________ Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal______________ Druggists’ preparations ._ Explosives.......... ............... Fertilizers_______________ Paints and varnishes____ Rayon and allied prod ucts____ ______________ Soap____________________ Petroleum refining__________ Rubber products: Rubber boots and shoes_____ Rubber goods, other than boots, shoes, tires, and inner tubes________________ Rubber tires and inner tubes. Number of establish ments reporting— Number of employees having— Estab lish ments report ing Total number of em ployees 637 131 184 24,111 19,459 53,633 267 138 5,929 19,384 34 723 17,357 306,319 10,982 34 723 120 17.357 306,319 10,782 174 45 43,321 7,426 124,475 49,429 173 42 496 296 43,171 7,329 124,366 49.357 66, 638 77 500 604 69,744 33,073 495 601 68,780 33,026 964 28 83 136 160 4,899 7,868 6,897 24,684 28 81 136 158 4,899 7,850 6,897 21,838 18 330 171 104,705 34,386 330 167 104,705 33,385 ,190 538 351 778 342 447 371 77,792 32,409 6,460 59,292 31,455 16,958 14,377 1,172 533 351 729 340 444 77,201 32,049 6,460 52, 676 31,389 16,897 14,363 311 57 15 115,677 4,349 9,849 302 57 13 115,102 4,349 7,375 2,474 39 248 10,025 50,019 244 9, 278 49,907 747 32 405 452 29, 306 111, 641 404 436 29,285 107,191 21 4,450 1,536 61,803 1, 503 61,089 714 602 61,178 585 59, 695 121 No Wage- Wage- N o wage- Wage- Wagerate in- rate derate in rate de rate rate creases changes creases changes 630 119 184 23,811 17,259 53,633 5,929 18,688 66,715 49 28,919 123 28, 771 110 78 33 188 377 2, 796 9,372 4,762 8,142 18,846 110 76 33 188 375 2,796 9,270 4,762 8,142 18,830 31 118 172 41, 205 15,905 58, 760 30 116 172 38, 772 15,899 58,760 10,002 133 38 27,797 60, 234 300 2,200 150 97 109 72 1,001 591 6, 616 66 575 148 102 2,433 6 10,002 133 37 27,797 58,934 1,300 80 48 Nonmanufacturing Industries D a t a concerning wage-rate changes occuring between May 15 and June 15, 1934, reported by cooperating establishments in 14 nonmanufacturing industries, are presented in table 2. Anthracite mining, bituminous-coal mining, and crude-petroleum producing were the only industries in which no wage-rate changes were reported. Increases were reported by 472 establishments in the telephone and telegraph industry, which averaged 3 percent and affected 3,000 employees. Eight establishments in the electric-railroad and motor-bus operation and maintenance industry showed an average wage-rate advance of 10 percent to 2,670 workers. An average increase of 5.3 percent, which affected 2,482 employees, was reported by 9 establishments in the electric light and power and manufactured gas industry, while one of 2.8 percent was given to 1,940 wage earners in 13 metalliferous mines. Forty-two wholesale-trade establishments reported an average increase of 10.5 percent in wage rates to 913 employees, 25 establishments in the banks-brokerageinsurance-real-estate group reported one of 10.3 percent to 643 employees, 83 retail trade establishments reported one of 9.1 percent to 528 employees, and 10 quarries and nonmetallic mines showed one of 8.1 percent to 412 workers. The increases in the remaining in dustries affected 114 or less employees each. Among the 4 industries which reported wage-rate decreases was the banks-brokerage-insurance-real-estate group with an average cut of 14.2 percent affecting 722 employees. The decreases reported in the remaining industries affected only 84 workers. 49 T able 2.— W A G E -R A T E C H A N G E S IN N O N M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S D U R IN G M O N T H E N D IN G JU N E 15, 1934 Industrial group Estab Total num lish ments ber of em report ployees ing Num ber of establish ments reporting— No No Wage- Wage- wage- Wage- Wagewage- rate in rate de rate rate in rate de rate creases creases changes changes creases creases 160 79,914 160 Anthracite m ining____ _____________ Percent of total_________________ 100.0 100.0 100.0 Bitnminniis-fioal mining T 1,474 239, 337 1,474 100. 0 100.0 100.0 Percent of total_________________ 274 Metalliferous m ining—. _________ __ 287 27,827 100.0 100.0 95.5 Percent of total_________________ 1,149 38, 250 1,139 Quarrying and nonmetallic m ining-. . Percent of total_________________ 100. 0 100.0 99.1 262 Crude-petroleum producing_________ 262 30,799 100.0 100. 0 Percent of total____ _________ _ 100. 0 7,773 Telephone and telegraph____________ 8,245 263,315 Percent of total_________________ 100.0 100.0 94.3 Electric light and power and manu 2,523 factured gas_____________ __________ 2,532 243, 516 100.0 100.0 99. 6 Percent of total_________________ Electric-railroad and motor-bus opera 537 545 138,141 tion and maintenance_____________ 98.5 _______ 100.0 100.0 Percent of total_______ Wholesale trade____ ________________ 12,493 226,108 12, 450 100.0 100.0 99.7 Percent of total_________________ Retail trade____________________ ____ 36,851 590, 791 36, 757 Percent of total_________________ 100.0 100. 0 99. 7 ___________________ ___________ H otels 146, 286 2,709 2,712 100.0 100.0 99.9 Percent of total___________ _____ Laundries_____ ____ _____________ _ 1,371 75, 587 1,366 100.0 100.0 99.6 Percent of total_________________ 703 Dyeing and cleaning________________ 706 17,949 Percent of total____ _ . _ 100.0 100.0 99.6 Banks, brokerage, insurance and real 5,245 estate___________________________ _ 5, 305 196, 604 100.0 100.0 98.9 Percent of total_________________ 1 Less than Ho of 1 percent. O Number of employees having— 79,914 100.0 100.0 239,337 25,887 93.0 37,838 98.9 30, 799 1,940 7.0 412 472 5.7 260,315 98.9 3,000 9 .4 241,034 99.0 2,482 13 4.5 10 .9 8 1.5 42 .3 83 .2 2 .1 5 .4 3 .4 0) 25 100.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 135, 471 98.1 1 225,177 99.6 (9 11 590,201 0) 1 99.9 146, 228 100.0 0) 75,473 99.8 17,909 99.8 2,670 1.9 913 .4 528 35 195, 239 99.3 643 .3 1.0 .1 54 (1114 ), 0) 0) 0) 18 62 4 .2 .2 40 722 .4
@FedFRASER