Full text of Employment and Payrolls : July 1939
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Serial No. R. 990
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Frances Perkins, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Isador Lubin, Commissioner
*++++###+»»+?
EMPLOYMENT
AND PAY ROLLS
Prepared by
DIVISION OF EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS
Lewis E. Talbert, Chief
-and
DIVISION OF CONSTRUCTION AND
PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT
Herman B. Byer, Chief
JULY 1939
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE • WASHINGTON • 1939
CONTENTS
Page
Summary of employment reports for July 1939:
Total nonagricultural employment
Industrial and business employment
Public employment
Detailed tables for July 1939:
Industrial and business employment
Public employment
1
1
5
7
22.
Tables
SUMMARY
TABLE
1.—All manufacturing industries combined and nonmanufacturing
industries—employment, pay rolls, and weekly earnings,
July 1939
"_
TABLE 2.—Federal employment and pay rolls—summary, July 1939
4
6
INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT
TABLE 3.—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—employment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings, July 1939
TABLE 4.—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—employment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings, May through July
1939
*_
TABLE 5.—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—indexes of
employment and pay rolls, July 1938 through July 1939
TABLE 6.—Geographic divisions and States—comparison of employment
and pay rolls in identical establishments in June and July
1939
TABLE 7.—Principal metropolitan areas—comparison of employment and
pay rolls in identical establishments in June and July 1939_ _
8
12
17
19
21
PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT
TABLE 8.—Executive service of the Federal Government—employment
and pay rolls in June and July 1939
TABLE 9.—Construction projects financed by Public Works Administration funds—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked,
July 1939, by type of project
TABLE 10.—Housing projects of the U. S. Housing Authority—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked, July 1939, by
geographic division
TABLE 11.—Projects financed by the Work Projects Administration—
employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked, July 1939,
by t.ype of project
(in)
22
23
26
27
IV
TABLE 12.—Employment and pay rolls on projects operated by the Works
Progress Administration, by type of project, for the second
quarter of 1939
TABLE 13.—National Youth Administration work projects and Student
Aid—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked from
beginning of the program
TABLE 14.—Civilian Conservation Corps—employment and pay rolls,
June and July 1939
TABLE 15.—Construction projectsfinancedby the Reconstruction Finance
Corporation—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours
worked, July 1939, by type of project
TABLE 16.—Construction projects financed from regular Federal appropriations—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked,
July 1939, by type of project
TABLE 17.—Construction and maintenance of State roads—emploj^ment
and pay-roll disbursements, July 1939, June 1939, and July
1938—
28
28
29
29
30
31
Employment and Pay Rolls
SUMMARY OF REPORTS FOR JULY 1939
Total Nonagricultural Employment
AGGREGATE employment in nonagricultural industries in Julyshowed virtually no change from the preceding month's level although
the experience of individual industries differed widely. The net decrease of 30,000 workers was due largely to the seasonal decline in
retail trade, which was less than the average July decrease reported
for the past 10 years. Several of the service industries also showed
seasonal employment recessions and anthracite and metal mines
reported decreased employment. These losses wTere offset to a large
extent by employment gains in construction, transportation, and
public utilities. The declines in manufacturing and wholesale trade
were negligible. Comparisons of total nonagricultural employment
in July 1939 with July 1938 showed an increase of approximately
1,200,000 workers over the year interval.
These figures do not include emergency employment which decreased 280,300 in July. Decreases of 294,700 on projects operated
by the Work Projects Administration and 5,300 on work projects of
the National Youth Administration were partly offset by an increase
of 19,700 in the Civilian Conservation Corps.
Industrial and Business
Employment
Employment gains from June to July were reported for 50 of the 87
manufacturing industries surveyed monthly by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics and for 8 of the 16 nonmanufacturing industries covered.
Pay rolls were larger for 34 of the manufacturing and 5 of the nonmanu fa cturing in du stries.
The over-all declines of 0.1 percent or 8,000 wage earners in manufacturing employment and 2.3 percent or $3,800,000 in weekly factory
wage disbursements were smaller than the usual decreases for this
month of 0.2 percent and 3.7 percent, respectively. Factory employment in July 1939 was 10.5 percent above the level of a year ago and
corresponding pay rolls were 18.8 percent higher than a year ago.
(1)
Most of the employment gains over the month interval in the manufacturing industries were contraseasonal or larger than .seasonal.
Among the industries showing such increases were men's clothing
(8,500 workers), cotton goods (7,000 workers), book and job printing
(3,600 workers), woolen and worsted goods (2,900 workers), aircraft
(2,700 workers), radios and phonographs (2,600 workers), dyeing and
finishing textiles (2,300 workers), furniture (2,200 workers), meat
packing (1,700 workers), cane sugar refining (900 workers), petroleum
refining (800 workers), structural metalwork (800 workers), and
machine tools (700 workers).
Gains of about seasonal proportions were shown in the following
manufacturing industries: canning (40,000 workers), shoes (13,C00
workers), rayon and allied products (1,700 workers), silk and rayon
goods (1,600 workers), and flour (1,000 workers).
Seasonal employment losses were reported by firms manufacturing
women's clothing (17,3C0 workers), millinery (3,300 workers), glass
(1,700 workers), steel (1,600 workers), pottery (1,300 workers),
confectionery (1,100 workers), and stamped and enameled ware
(1,100 workers).
Firms manufacturing rubber footwear reported a contraseasonal
decline (2,800 workers), while larger than seasonal recessions were
reported by establishments manufacturing automobiles, bodies, and
parts (65,300 workers), agricultural implements (2,500 workers),
wirework (2,200 workers), and electric- and steam-railroad cars (1,800
workers). The decline in the automobile industry was due in part to
strikes in certain key plants.
The employment gain of 7.4 percent in aircraft factories continued
the unbroken series of monthly increases, which began in October of
last year, and brought the employment level to nearly 2){ times the
1929 figure. Employment in shipbuilding showed a slight decline in
July following the uninterrupted succession of monthly increases
which began in September of last year. The employment level in
July for this industry was still above the level of every month since
April 1923 except June 1939. The employment index for the machine
tool industry was higher in July than in any month since February
1938.
The employment decline of 3.2 percent or 108,500 workers in retail
trade was slightly less than the average mid-summer loss shown in the
last 10 years. The more important lines or groups under retail trade
showing decreases were general merchandising, apparel, furniture,
lumber and building materials, farmers'*supplies, and jewelry. Retail
lines showing increases were coal-wood-ice, with an employment
gain of 4.2 percent, and hardware, automobiles and automobile supplies, and food, with gains of 0.6 percent or less each.
Wholesale trade establishments as a whole reported a slight loss in
number of workers in July as compared with the preceding month.
Decreases were reported by wholesalers of lumber and building
materials, farm products, and automobiles and automobile supplies.
Gains w^ere registered by dealers in groceries and food products;
petroleum products; machinery, equipment, and supplies; and dry
goods and apparel.
A contraseasonal employment increase of 1.8 percent in bituminouscoal mining was coupled with a pay-roll decrease of 2.8 percent because
of generally decreased production and shut-downs for the July 4 holiday. Quarries and oil wells increased their forces slightly, while
anthracite operators reduced the number of their workers somewhat
more than seasonally (12.1 percent). Employment in metal mines
fell off 2.0 percent. On the other hand, public utilities increased the
number of workers on their rolls slightly, while the seasonal gain of
1.3 percent in laundries brought the employment level for this industry
to the highest point since September 1937. Insurance firms reported
an increase of 0.8 percent in employment, but brokerage houses decreased their personnel by 1.6 percent. Employment in hotels and
dyeing and cleaning plants fell 2.8 percent and 3.2 percent, respectively.
Employment in private building construction showed an increase of
4.5 percent from June to July, according to reports from 14,218
builders and contractors employing 140,434 wage earners in July.
Corresponding pay rolls increased 4.6 percent. Building employment in the East North Central States increased 10.7 percent and in
the South Atlantic area 10.1 percent. All of the States in these two
regions shared in the increased employment except Delaware, which
showed virtually no change. An increase in Connecticut of 7.6 percent offset slight decreases in the remaining five New England States
and resulted in a gain of 0.6 percent for the New England group as a
whole. The West North Central and Pacific divisions showed increases of 4.2 percent and 2.3 percent respectively, while the Middle
Atlantic area showed a gain of 1.7 percent, and the East South Central
States an increase of 0.4 percent. Two geographic divisions, the
West South Central and the Mountain, registered decreases of 1.1
percent and 1.0 percent, respectively. The reports on which these
figures are based do not cover construction projects financed by the
Works Progress Administration, the Public Works Administration,
and the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, or by regular appropriations of the Federal, State, or local governments.
A preliminary report of the Interstate Commerce Commission
showed a gain since June of 1.0 percent persons in the number
employed by class I railroads. The total number working in July
was 1,002,135. Corresponding pay-roll figures were not available
when this report was prepared. For June they were $154,436,650,
an increase of 2.4 percent over the $150,858,242 figure for May.
Hours and earnings.—The average hours worked per week by wage
earners in manufacturing industries were 36.6 in July, a decrease of
1.5 percent since June. The average hourly earnings of these workers
were 64.3 cents, a decrease of 0.7 percent as compared with the preceding month. Average weekly earnings of factory workers fell 2.2
percent to $23.70.
Of the 14 nonmanufacturing industries for which man-hour data
are available, 3 showed increases in average hours worked per week,
and 9 showed gains in average hourly earnings. Four of the sixteen
nonmanufacturing industries surveyed reported higher average weekly
earnings.
Employment and pay-roll indexes, and average weekly earnings in
July 1939 for all manufacturing industries combined, for selected nonmanufacturing industries, and for class I railroads, with percentage*
changes over the month and year intervals are presented in table 1.
TABLE 1.—Employment, Pay Rolls, and Earnings in All Manufacturing Industries
Combined and in Nonmanufacturing Industries, July 1939
Pay roll
Employment
Industry
Index
July
1939
All manufacturing industries
combined *_
.Class I steam railroads
2
Coal mining: 4
Anthracite __
Bituminous 4
Metalliferous mining _
Quarrying and nonmetallic
mining. _
Crude-petroleum producing
Public utilities:
Telephone and telegraph. _.
Electric light and power
and manufactured gas
Electric-railroad and motor-bus operation and
maintenance
_
Trade:
Wholesale
Retail
General merchandising
Other than general
merchandising
Hotels (year-round) 7___
Laundries 4
Dyeing and cleaning 4
Brokerage
Insurance
Building construction.
I Percentage
change f r o m June
1939
(1928-25
= 100)
90.5
-0.1
56.1
+1.0
(1929=
100)
45.0 - 1 2 . 1
+1.8
79.7
60.4
-2.0
47.5
67.5
75.4
93.2
9.7
+.3
+.7
+.1
+1.0
-.3 I
87.9
83.6
91.7
-.2
-3.2
-5.8
81.5
SO. 2
100.0
100.6
(3)
(3)
(3)
-2.4
-2.8
July
1938
Percentage
Percentage
change from— Average change from—
in July
1939
July
June
June
July
1939
1939
1938
1938
(1923-25
•100)
+10.5
+7.8
+.9
+1.5
+21.6
+7.7
-6.7
-2.3
+18.8
$23. 70
-2.2
(1929=
100)
25.3 - 3 0 . 0
-2.8
64.6
47.8 - 1 1 . 2
+25.1
+13.8
+25.7
18.65
22.11
25.11
-20.4
-4.5
-9.4
40.8
62.4
-2.1
-.1
+10.4
-6.5
21.66
33.29
-2.5
+23.9
+12.1
+3.3
+2.5
+•9
+3.4
83.9
+.2-
+0.7
+1.1
94.6
+1.1
4.2
«31.06
100.1
-.1
+1.8
«33.64
-.6
70.8
+2.6
5 33.15
-.3
+3.1
+1.3
+3.1
+4.4
+2.7
75.9
70.9
83.8
+3.1
+4.1
+4.2
+3.9
+2.3
+6.0
-.6
-6.4
+1.5
+14.3
«29.97
5 21.58
s 18.25
+.3
+1.0
+.9
+.8
+1.8
+1.0'
-.5
+1.3
+2.2
+.8
+4.5
+1.2
+8.9
-3.2
-1.6
Index
July
1939
Average weekly earnings-
-1.9
-7.2
68.2
79. 2
87.9
77.1
+()
-2.3
-4.9
-1.6
-3.5
+1.1
-8.4
-2.2
+.2
+4.6
s 24.16
5 15. 05
17.92
19.92
8
35. 52
5 34.38
30.85
-1.2
-.7
-.2
-5.4
—.6
-.6
-K6)
+.8-
-.2
+1.2
+2.8
+3.7
+1.3
+.9'
+.3
+4.4
i Revised indexes—Adjusted to 1935 Census of Manufactures.
» Preliminary—Source: Interstate Commerce Commission.
*4 Not available.
Indexes adjusted to 1935 census. Comparable series back to January 1929 presented in January 1938
issue of this pamphlet.
* Average weekly earnings not strictly comparable with figures published in issues of this pamphlet
dated earlier than April 1938, as they now exclude corporation officers, executives, and other employees
whose
duties are mainly supervisory.
6
Less than Ho of 1 percent.
' Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
Public Employment
Because many construction projects financed from funds provided
by the Public Works Administration have passed the peak of employment, the number of men at work on these projects decreased from
293,100 in June to 273,800 for the month ending July 15, a decrease of
19,300. As compared with the same month in 1938, employment
showed a gain of 155,100. Pay-roll disbursements of $23,077,000
were $2,879,000 less than in June.
Employment on projects of the United States Housing Authority
increased from 8,700 in June to 13,000 in the month ending July 15.
Pay rolls for July were $1,426,000, an increase of $308,000 over June.
These figures cover new construction and demolition and pertain
only to those projects started under the United States Housing
Authority; those formerly under the Public Works Administration
are shown under the Public Works Administration building construction projects in this report.
For the fourth consecutive month, more men were working on
projects financed from regular Federal appropriations than in the
preceding month. During the month ending July 15, 265,200 men
were employed on these projects, a gain of 16,600 over June. Increases
were reported in ship construction; water and sewerage; construction
of locks and dams; forestry; and rural electrification projects; while
decreases occurred in building construction; heavy engineering;
dredging, dike, and revetment; and street and road projects. Pay
rolls for the month were $25,776,000.
Approximately 2,500 men were working on projects financed by
the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, a slight decrease from the
preceding month. Pay rolls for the month ending July 15 were
$266,000.
The release of workers employed continuously for a period of 18
months or more on work-relief projects operated by the Work Projects
Administration (formerly the Works Progress Administration) caused
employment to drop from 2,438,300 in June to 2,143,600 in July, a
decrease of 294,700. Pay-roll disbursements of $119,637,000 for July
were $13,604,000 less than in June. Employment also decreased on
Federal projects financed by the Work Projects Administration and
on work projects of the National Youth Administration. The Student
Aid program was not in operation during July.
During July, the number of workers in camps of the Civilian Conservation Corps was 19,700 greater than in June and 5,800 greater
than in July 1938. Of the 322,100 in camps during the month, 284,700
were enrollees, 4,400 Reserve officers, 300 nurses, 1,600 educational
advisers, and 31,100 supervisory and technical employees.
176258-39
2
In the regular services of the Federal Government, employment
increases were reported in the executive, legislative, and military
services, and a decrease in the judicial service. Of the 928,000 employees in the executive service, 124,000 were working in the District
of Columbia, and 804,000 outside the District. Force-account employees (employees who are on the Federal pay roll and are engaged
on construction projects) were 9.5 percent of the total number of
employees in the executive service. The Post Office Department and
the War and Navy Departments reported increased employment in
JulyEmployment on roads financed wholly from State or local funds
increased 4,500 in July. Of the 146,200 at work, approximately
20,000 were engaged in the construction of new roads and 126,200
on maintenance work. Pay-roll disbursements for both types of road
work were $10,522,000.
A summary of Federal employment and pay-roll data for July
1939 is given in table 2.
TABLE 2.—Summary of Federal Employment and Pay Rolls, July and June 1939
[Preliminary figures]
Pay rolls
Employment
Class
July
June
Percentage
change
July
June
Federal Services:
Executive 2
+0.2 $138, 953, 657 3$14O,217,974
927, 887 3 925, 982
Judicial
561,879
2.292
-4.4
549, 952
2,192
Legislative
+1.5
1, 232, 150
1, 218, 290
5, 353
5,432
Military
+3.5 29, 273, 973 28, 488, 256
363, 734
376, 326
Construction projects:
25, 956, 205
Financed by P. W. A.*
23,077, 354
273,801 293,103
U. S. II. A. low-rent housing
8, 679 +50.0
1, 426, 123
1,118,077
13, 020
Financed by R. F. O.s
2,503
266, 391
290,517
2,470
-1.3
Financed by regular federal appro25,
776,
242
26,437,806
priations
248, 525
265,168
+6.7
Federal projects financed by the "Work
Projects Administration
6,058, 225
8,590,116
183, 749
169, 851
Projects operated by Works Projects
119,637,011 133,241,302
Administration
2,143,593 »2,438,255 - 1 2 . 1
National Youth Administration:
3, 962. 582
212,607
2, 570,078
207, 357
-2.5
Work projects
281,316
Student Aid
...
(6)
(6)
1,944,272
302, 339
322,058
Civilian Conservation Corps
14, 459,934
14,132,205
1
2
Percentage
change
-0.9
-2.1
+1.1
+2.8
-11.1
+27. 6
-8.3
-2.5
-29.5
-10.2
-35.1
Includes data on projects financed wholly or partially from Federal funds.
Includes force-account and supervisory and technical employees shown under other classifications to
the extent of 121,189 employees and pay-roll disbursements of $14,597,828 for July 1939, and 119,314 employees
and pay-roll disbursements of $15,634,335 for June 1939.
3
Revised.
* Data covering P. W. A. projects financed from National Industrial Recovery Act funds, Emergency
Relief Appropriation Acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937 funds, and Public Works Administration Appropriations
Act of 1938 funds arc included. These data are not shown under projects financed by the Work Projects
Administration. Includes 16,396 wage earners and $1,509,437 pay roll for July 1939; 19,146 wage earners
and $1,936,132 pay roll for June 1939, covering Public Works Administration projects financed from Emergency Relief Appropriation Acts of 1935,1936, and 1937 funds. Includes 251,735 wage earners and $20,914,518
pay roll for July 1939: 267,626 wage earners and $23,272,006 pay roll for June 1939, covering Public Works
Administration projects financed from funds provided by the Public Works Administration Appropriation Act of 1938.
«Includes 639 employees and pay-roll disbursements of $59,636 for July 1939; 6S9 employees and pay-roll
disbursements
of $64,41.4 for June 1939 on projects financed by the R F C Mortgage Co.
6
Student Aid program not in operation during July.
DETAILED TABLES FOR JULY 1939
Industrial and Business
Employment
MONTHLY reports on employment and pay rolls are available for the
following groups: 87 manufacturing industries; 16 nonmanufacturing
industries, including private building construction; and class I steam
railroads. The reports for the first two of these groups—manufacturing and nonmanufacturing—are based on sample surveys by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The figures on class I steam railroads are
compiled by the Interstate Commerce Commission and are presented
in the foregoing summary.
EMPLOYMENT, PAY ROLLS, HOURS, AND EARNINGS
The indexes of employment and pay rolls as well as average hours
worked per week, average hourly earnings, and average weekly
earnings in manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries in July
1939 are shown in table 3. Percentage changes from June 1939 and
July 1938 are also given.
Employment and pay-roll indexes, as well as average hours worked
per week, average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings for
May, June, and July 1939, where available, are presented in table 4.
The May and June figures, where given, may differ in some instances
from those previously published, because of revisions necessitated
primarily by the inclusion of late reports.
The average weekly earnings shown in tables 3 and 4 are computed
by dividing the total weekly pay rolls in the reporting establishments
by the total number of full- and part-time employees reported. As
not all reporting establishments supply man-hours, averge hours
worked per week and average hourly earnings are necessarily based on
data furnished by a smaller number of reporting firms. The size and
composition of the reporting sample varies slightly from month to
month. Therefore the average hours per week, average hourly
earnings, and average weekly earnings shown are not strictly comparable from month to month. The sample, however, is believed to
be sufficiently adequate in virtually all instances to indicate the
general movement of earnings and hours over the period shown.
The changes from the preceding month, expressed as percentages,
are based on identical lists of firms for the 2 months, but the changes
from July 1938 are computed from chain indexes based on the monthto-month percentage changes.
TABLE 3.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing
Industries
MANUFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 3-year average, 1923-25=100, and are adjusted to 1935 Census of Manufacturers. Not comparable to indexes published in pamphlets prior to August 1938.
Comparable series available upon request]
Employment
Industry-
Index
July
1939
Percentage
change from—
June
1939
All manufacturing
_ _
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Durable goods
Iron and steel and their products, not including
machinery
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills. _
Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets
Cast-iron pipe
Cutlery (not including silver and plated cutlery) and edge tools
Forcings, iron and steel
Hardware
Plumbers' supplies
Stamped and enameled ware
Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and
steam fittings
Stoves
Structural and ornamental metal work
Tin cans and other tinware...
Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools,
files, and saws)
__ _
Wirework _ _ _.
_
Machinery, not includingtranspartation equipment.
Agricultural implements (including tractors)..
Cash registers, adding machines, and calculating machines
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies.
Engines, turbines, water wheels, and windmills
90.5
82.1
98.5
-0.1
-2.1
+1.5
Average weekly
earnings l
Pay rolls
July
1938
+10.5
+18.8
+6.0
Index
July
1939
83.9
76.6
92.1
Percentage
change from—
Juno
1939
July
1938
-2.3
-5.9
+18.8
+30.7
+9.5
+1.2
July
1939
Percentage
change from—
June
1939
July
1938
-2.2
-3.8
-.3
+7.5
+11.9
+3.3
25.80
27.12
21. 79
21.28
21. 59
27.43
23.38
24.70
22.68
-8.0
-1.8
-7.4
-4.2
-3.7
$23. 70
26.40
21.27
Average hours worked
per week *
July
1939
Percentage
change from—
June
1939
July
1938
36.6
36.1
37.0
-1.5
-3.0
-.3
+5.2
+9.2
+2.6
- 4 . 0 +18. 2
—4. 1 +25. 4
- 7 . 7 +12. 9
-2.1
+5.9
34.2
32.1
31.8
36.6
-4.1
-4.8
-6.4
-1.7
37.6
36.2
37.4
36.8
36.4
36.8
36.2
38.0
37.4
Average hourly
earningsl
Percentage
change from—
July
1939
Cents
64.3
71.8
58.1
June
1939
July
1938
-0.7
-.8
-.1
+1.5
+2.0
+.6
+1.2
+1.3
+1.3
-. 1
GO
86 7
91.9
87.9
69.3
+33.6
+40.3
+28.7
+( ) +19.0
68.4 -12.0 +31.3
- 1 . 7 +55.2
44.9
63.3 -11.4 +31.2
65.5
- 3 . 2 + 18.5
123.4
- 6 . 1 +34.1
+8.9
56.1
-4.7
66.3
- 5 . 7 +27.5
60.8
+.3 +24.5
+7.3
101.3
-.3
74.0
- 9 . 1 +28.5
136.5 - 1 0 . 3 +49. 0
- 1 . 6 +3D. 5
94.9
- 3 . 6 +16.3
114.6
24.23
24. 26
27.56
23.12
-5.6
-3.3
-2.0
-2.8
22.88
24.72
27.55
29.20
-4.5
-2.3
-1.6
+1.3
+5.2
+24.6
+13.0
+13.8
+7.3
+4.7
+7.7
+5. 9
+2.9
+12.2
+23.5
+13.1
+8.4
+.3 +18.0
122.0
87.4
-1.2
-.7
+36.3
30.52
28.05
-.4
-1.0
+5.3
+15.5
+17.9
113.3
-3.6
+31.9
30.36
-.8
+11.8
— 9
-.4
-.4
+2.2
-4.8
+24.9
+24.6
+16.1
+4.2
+25.0
+4.0
+18.3
+17.6
+4.2
+14.6
+20.7
+15.4
+7.4
-.8
-5.9
79 8
48.0
65.6
75.6
131.4
-4.3
+ (2)
-4.3
69.8
80.7
69.5
95.3
+.9
79.9
132.3
95.7
108.1
129.3
86.1
06.8
+13 2
+11.8
+13. 9
+12.4
+1.1
-2.5
-2.4
+2.4
+2.5
-4.8
-8.2
+.1
-2.8
76 7
79.0
75.3
61.8
-5.0
-4.5
- 82. 0
-.8
76.0
84.9
68.5
57.8
37.5
37.8
+15.5
+23.5
+ 17.4
+6.7
—3.1 +11.4
-.8
+22.7
- 3 . 1 +17.9
- 4 . 0 +11.2
—3.0
+8.3
-4.9
+5.2
-2.4
+7.5
+5.4
-3.0
-3.3
-( 2 )
- 5 . 2 +11.4
- 3 . 6 +18.3
- 1 . 5 +12.7
+.7 +7.7
+4.8
-.3
- 1 . 1 +15.2
81.8
74.3
+.1
+.3
+2.7
+.7
+4.6
+.1
+.7
+.1
+.6
39.2
+13.1
77.9
-.5
-1.0
35.1
37. 1
37.9
38.1
61.2
75.8
62.5
67.3
62.8
69.1
65.6
72.8
60.5
62.3
68.4
72.4
78.5
-1.4
A
+.2
-3.6
-.7
-1.2
-1.0
-4.5
+1.4
-.2
+2.4
+.6
+.4
-.8
-.9
+1.0
+.3
+.6
+1.4
+.'o
-.3
-4.1
-.2
-(2)
F o u n d r y and machine-shop products, _
Machine tools
Radios and phonographs
Textile machinery and parts
Typewriters and parts
Transportation equipment
Aircraft
Automobiles
Cars, electric- and steam-railroad
Locomotives
Shipbuilding
Nonferrous metals and their products
Aluminum manufactures
Brass, bronze, and copper products
Clocks and watches and time-recording devices
Jewelry
Lighting equipment
Silverware and plated ware
Smelting and refining—copper, lead, and zinc.
Lumber and allied products...
Furniture
Lumber:
Millwork
Sawmills
Stone, clay, and glass products
Brick, tile, and terra cotta
Cement
Glass
Marble, granite, slate, and other products
Pottery
Nondurable goods
Textiles and their products
Fabrics
Cnrpcts and rugs
Cotton goods
Cotton small wares
Dyeing and finishing textiles
Hats, fur-felt
Knit goods
Hosiery
Knitted outerwear
K n i t t e d underwear
Knitted cloth
Silk and rayon goods
Woolen and worsted goods
"Wearing apparel
Clothing, men's
Clothing, women's
Corsets and allied garments
For footnotes see end of table.
85.2
139.4
117.3
74.9
119.7
78.2
, 377.8
75.4
29.4
29.8
120.3
91.9
160. 2
98.5
79.8
91.1
75.4
60.5
70.5
67.2
80.0
57.3
54.5
73.9
57. 3
72.0
90.5
48.0
76.1
95.0
89.2
79.3
85.7
81.5
109.1
83.7
113.1
141.9
77.3
73.5
153.1
57.7
81.4
100. 4
102. 6
138. 4
105.8
+.1
+1.8
+8.1
+2.5
-3.5
-13.0
+7.4
-17.7
-8.9
+10.4
-1.0
+.3
+3.6
-.2
-.1
+4.0
-1.0
-7.6
-.6
+.6
+1.7
+.2
+.2
-.8
+.3
+1.2
-2.6
+4.6
-4.4
+.1
+ 1.6
+.6
+ 1.9
+3.2
+2. 5
+4.9
+.1
+.2
+2.3
-1.6
+.5
+2.3
+2.1
-2.7
+4.7
-8.9
-.8
80.2
+12.5
153.3
+26.1
103.5
+43.7
76.8
+39.0
114.9
+3.6
75.9
+40.9
+73.4 1,347.2
72.0
+42.0
26.2
+29.2
26.3
+47.0
127.8
+25.6
83.1
+16.2
152. 2
+31.3
102.6
+14.3
+8.4
+15.1
+20.0
+19.3
+11.2
+10.7
+-12. 3
79.8
72.4
64.3
51.7
65.2
58.8
64.9
+12. 6
+9. 5
+14.4
+17.3
+2.4
+21.2
+8.9
+ 9.4
46.4
46. 8
62.5
42.8
69.5
87.4
36.4
62.1
+9.7
+10.9
+26. 3
+9. 6
+20. 4
+12. 5
+4.9
+8.1
+6.7
+11.7
+10.4
+11.6
+4.8
+19.0
+7.6
+14.2
+2.9
+13.5
77.4
75.5
64.6
72.4
75. 9
89.3
82.8
107.6
140.7
69.6
65. 6
126.9
46.0
68.3
78.6
76.1
94.2
108.5
-2.7
+.1
+8.7
+1.8
+.5
-14.9
+2.8
+25.9
+62.7
+43.0
+69.5
+25. 6
+43.8
+82.9
- 1 8 . 7 +51.8
- 1 7 . 7 +29.5
+8.0 +70.4
-3.4
+28.0
-.7
+23.5
-5.6
+36. 5
+3.6 +31.6
2
+(- . )8 +33. 9
+ 18.4
-4.0
+29.8
-11.7
+35. 8
-1.8
+ 14.8
-6.0
+16.6
-(9
+26.6
-4.0
+11. 5
-9.8
+ 12.6
-6.6
+17.7
-7.4
+20. 9
-.4
+5. 2
-9.0
+26.3
-.3
+8.7
-10.2
+ 17.0
+16.2
+ 14.9
+ 14. 6
+13.7
+28.9
+14. 0
+10.5
-1.6
+9. 6
-2.3
+4.9
+1.5 +22. 6
-3.7
+21.0
+3.1 +13.8
+1.0 +8.S
+2.4 +23.0
-2.8
+19.1
+6.1 2+32.7
-8.7
+9. 5
-.5
+31.5
-.3
+1.3
-.2
+2.2
+ 3.9
+.8
+10. 8
26.95
31.23
21.71
26.63
23.05
SO. 95
29.45
31.42
24.36
28.38
31.71
25. 41
24.20
28.31
-2.8
-1.7
21.34
22.31
24.66
23.44
26. 05
19.81
19. 30
+11.8
+29.0
+.6
—.6 +22! 0
+4.2 +21.2
-2.1
+5.7
-4.2
+5.5
-1.2
+6.8
-9.7
+.3
-2.2
+15. 8
-2.5
+1.9
-1.1
+10.8
-8.9
+4.0
+3.9 +15.1
+.2 +23.7
-4.5
+3.0
-3.0
+8.1
-4.5
+13. 9
-1.1
+3.3
-6.5
+5.4
-1.7
+12.7
21.41
19. 26
22. 61
19. 58
26. 8t
23.27
25.83
20.30
-4.8
-10.0
-5.8
-7.6
-1.6
-6.5
-4.7
-6.0
16.47
16. 23
21.61
13. 83
17.78
19.78
24.53
16.90
17. 63
16.76
14.90
18.34
15.15
19.42
17.16
19.11
17.71
16.70
37.6
41.8
37.7
40. 5
36.0
35.1
40.6
34. 0
32.8
37.2
37.6
S7.8
36.0
39.7
36. 3
37.6
35.8
37.0
37.5
36.8
37.2
-2.9
—1.4
+11.4
+25.7
+1.6 +3.7
-.2
+23.0
+4.2 +22.9
-1.0
+8.6
-3.1
+3.4
-.7
+7.1
-10.0
+.2
-1.3
+ 16.0
-2.3
+1.4
-.9
+9.9
-7.6
+0.2
+2.8 +15.1
-.2
+20.5
-2.6
+4.6
-1.3
+7.4
-3.7
+16.1
-1.7
+.7
-5.9
+.7
71.6
74.8
57.6
65.8
61.0
83.4
72,4
92.6
74.2
76.3
83. 2
67.1
67.0
71.7
-1.7
+8.3
-.3
-3.1
-.2
— 1.3
+.5
+1.4
-2.1
+10.4
51.0
54. 3
64.6
53.1
70.6
71.5
72.9
61.7
+7.1
+5.5
+13. 6
+5.5
+6.5
+3.7
+2.8
+6.8
+5.2
+4.1
+15.2
+4.2
+5.0
+4.0
+11.0
+15.0
+9.9
+18.2
47.1
45.8
63.7
3S.3
47.1
52.4
72.3
49.5
52.8
45.3
40.2
46.1
42.5
53.0
49.5
55.5
48.6
44.8
+2.8
+2.9
+3.1
+2.7
+4.2
+6.9
39.7
35.9
35.3
36.6
38.0
32. 5
35. 7
35.8
—1.1
-8.4
-5.6
-7.1
-3.0
-7.0
-5. 6
-2.8
+6.0
+3. 5
+14.4
+.3 +3.6
+.6 +7.0
-1.6
+1.2
+5.6 +5. 4
-1.8
+1.3
-2.4
-1.7
-.8
+9.7
-2.1
+9.6
+2.6 +2.4
-1.2
+3.8
+.3 +3.4
-.1
+10.8
+1.3 +16.1
+.2 +6.4
+.2 +16.0
35.2
35. 9
33. 9
36.1
38.5
37.6
34. 4
34.9
33.7
36. 9
37.1
39. 2
35.3
36.8
33.7
33.5
34.1
37.1
-.9
-.1
-.9
-.4
-.4
-.7
-1.1
+.3
+ 1.5
+.3
+3.3
-1.2
— 1.9
+.6
-1.1
+2.2
-.2
+.1
-2.7
-1.5
—4.1
-.2
58. 7
58.3
68.9
64.0
69.5
53.7
52.4
+(- J. )2
-.9
-.5
-(2)
-1.1
-.1
—.6
+.3
-.9
+(- 2. )2
-1.5
+1.1
+.3
-2.3
-1.8
—.4
+.5
+.4
-1.2
-.8
-2.1
+00
-1.3
+1.5
+.4
+.9
-.4
+.7
+2.8
-4.1
-1.0
-1.4
-.2
+.9
-.3
+.1
-.2
-.3
+.2
-2.2
+.1
+2.7
-1.5
+.7
-1.5
+2.7
+4.2
+1.1
-.5
+7.5
+2.8
+10
+2.2
+2.6
+2.7
+1.1
+.4
+.2
+.2
+.4
-1.0
-1.1
+.7
+.5
+1.0
+1.8
-.2
-1.4
-.9
-1.4
+.9
+.5
4-1.0
-.5
+3.7
+.2
-1.2
+.7
+.3
-1.7
-1.9
-2.8
-3.6
+5.4
-3.6
-2.5
-1.3
—. 5
-.6
-3.1
-3.9
-1.6
TABLE 3.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing
Industries—Continued
MANUFACTURING—Continued
[Indexes are based on 3-year average, 1923-25= 100, and are adjusted to 1935 Census of Manufactures. Not comparable to indexes published in pamphlets prior to August 193S.
Comparable series available upon request]
Industry
Index
July
1939
Percentage
change from—
June
1939
Average weekly
earnings
Pay rolls
Employment
July
1938
Index
July
1939
Percentage
change from—
June
1939
July
1938
Percentage
change from—
July
1939
June
1939
July
1938
Average hours worked
per week
July
1939
Percentage
change from—
Juno
1939
Average hourly
earnings
Percentage
change from—
Julv
1939
June
1939
July
1938
Julv
1938
Nondurable goods—Continued
Textiles and their products—Continued.
Wearing apparel—Continued.
M e n ' s furnishings
Millinery
Shirts and collars
Leather a n d its manufactures
125.7
47.7
114. C
93.6
94.0
Boots and shoes
Leather
__
_
84. 3
129.6
Food a n d kindred products
147.1
Baking
2(37. 8
Beverages
_ __
108. 0
Butter
Canning and preserving
_ _ _ _
108. 9
67.0
Confectionery
81. 6
Flour
94. 9
Ice cream
_
______
99.1
Slaughtering and meat packing
Sugar, beet
53. 6
90. 5
Sugar refining, cane
_ _____
64.0
Tobacco manufactures _
_ _ _ _ _ _
Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff. _ _ _ _ 57. 0
04.8
Cigars and cigarettes
_ .
Paper and printing
_.
_
105.2
Boxes, paper
101. 0
105.8
Paper and pulp
Printing and publishing:
Book and job
Newspapers and periodicals
Chemicals and allied products, and petroleum refining
_
Petroleum refining. __
-1.8
-18.0
—.9
+4.3
-4.3
+6.6
+5.9
+4.8
+7.1
+2.8
+ . 9 +14.1
+5.5
+.8
+.2
+ 1.4
+.1. 0 +3.2
+.7 - 2 . 6
+39. 5
-2,5
+4. 1
+.5
+1. 3
+5. 0
+7. 0
+.3
-2.7
+.0
+.5
+ 1.4
-.3
100.2
103.7
+2.7
109.4
120.6
+.6
+1.1
-1.9
-5.4
-.7
+4.7
+.2
+4. 6
+.7
+2.8
+4.1
-3.7
+5.1
+3.6
+9.2
+4.2
+2. 5
+1.5
+4.7
-1.0
109.9
33.0
94.0
77.8
74.3
84.1
130.4
14(5.2
331. 2
94. 3
142.2
63. 6
83. 5
81. 9
112. 4
49.0
77.8
59.7
07. 9
58. 0
100.8
104. 5
101.1
-3.1
-18.8
—6.9
+16.9
-9.4
+20. 8
+11.5 +12.1
+16.3 +10.9
-.6
+16.7
+3.8 +1.5
+.7 +2.3
+1.0 +3. 5
+1.8 - 1 . 6
+39. 3 - 9 . 5
-7.2
+8.2
+2.4
+2. 3
-11.0
+4. 3
+1.4
+3.4
+1.0
-1.4
-.9
-3.1
90.7
103.4
+2.3
118.7
131.4
-.7
-2.1
-3.3
+.8
+5.1
+L6
+4.2
—7. 7
-4.4
+4.6
-1.4
+5.4
+5.1
+12.3
+4.4
+6.6
+2.3
+6.8
-2.9
13.22
18.06
12.38
19.70
18.74
23.87
24.61
26.05
34.93
22.96
15.49
17. 66
26. 28
29.03
28. 54
23. 56
23.15
17.43
18.52
17. 20
27.57
21.19
23.40
-1.3
-1.0
-6.1
+12.2
-5.4
+13.4
+5.2 +6.9
+8.6 +7.8
-1.5
+2.3
-1.7
+•7
+1.0
+.5
2
~( )
+.3
+1.0 +1.0
—.1
-4.3
-4.7
+4.0 +1.4
+.3
+1. 9 +1.3
-.4
+ 1.0
-15.7
-3.0
+1.1
+6.3
+.4
-1.8
-2.3
-2.9
30.16
36.78
-1.5
28.99
33.91
-1.8
-3.2
—.5
-8.3
-6.9
+.5
+ 2
+ 1
+1.4
+2.8
+.2
+4.0
+.7
+2.6
-1.9
34.4
0
30.4
+3.7
-5.0
32.5
37.5
+7.2
37.7 +10.1
37.8
-1.7
-.9
40.1
-.3
42.1
40.7
48.0
+.3
34. 6 +1. 2
-7.9
31.0
43. 3 +3. 2
47.5
+.8
41.6
+1.7
31.9 - 2 2 . 4
-2.5
36.1
37.0
+1.1
+1.4
35.3
+.8
37.2
-1.2
37.5
3S. 9 - 2 . 1
-2.6
38.0
+.6
+9.0
-2.5
+5.4
+2.6
+4.7
+1.8
-2.7
-.2
-1.4
+ 1.2
-11.4
-1.9
-4.8
-2. 3
—. 5
-12.8
-13.4
-1.5
-.8
-2.1
+1.5
+4.2
+.4
+3.9
38.3
35.5
-1.4
-1.2
37.9
34.7
-1.7
-4.1
+2.4
-1.8
Cents
37.4
59.8
38.3
52.1
48.8
63.0
61.5
62.4
86.8
48.0
41.5
51. 9
60. 4
00.4
68. 7
75.7
64.1
47.6
52.4
47.0
77.0
54.8
61.6
80.2
100.1
77.0
98.5
-0.3
-4.0
-1.3
-1.3
-1.4
-.2
-1.4
+1.1
+( 2 )
+1,2
-3.7
+2.8
+.1
+.2
-.6
+7.7
-.5
+.3
+1.8
-.5
+.1
-.3
-.2
A
+ .1
+1.0
+1.1
+5.7
+.4
+5.1
+1.9
+1.7
+.5
+2.9
+2.1
+1.7
+.7
+1.8
+5.2
+3. 2
+• 1
+5. 3
+7.0
+2.8
+3.0
+3. 2
+.3
-1.2
-.2
+.3
+2.2
-.2
-.1
J t h e r than petroleum refining
Chemicals
Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal
Druggists' preparations
Explosives
Fertilizers
Paints and varnishes
Rayon and allied products
Soap
Rubber products
Rubber boots and shoes
Rubber tires and inner tubes
Rubber goods, other
106.6
115.1
42.9
101. 6
87.4
05.5
117.2
309. 8
92. 0
78.8
40.7
67.2
128.9
+.4
+.5
-9.1
-2.2
+1.7
-7. 0
-1.7
+3.8
+2.9
-1.7
-19.4
+.7
+1.1
+5. 5
+0.7
-27.7
-2.4
+8.5
+2.4
+5.8
+14. 5
+5.0
+14.7
+10.3
+10 7
+20.9
114.8
128.4
37.5
118.2
98.1
(53. 2
121.7
309.4
95.2
83.3
44.1
79.1
123.1
-.2
-.5
+10.7
+12.2
-26. 7
+0.1
+9.8
+.2
+9.7
+24.0
+9.3
+30.0
+20.1
+31.8
+29.6
-8.2
-.7
+1.8
-2.3
-3.7
+4.2
+1.8
-1.1
-23. 3
+3.0
-1.0
26.71
30. 74
13. 55
23. 92
30. 97
17.65
28.14
24. 27
29. 42
28.22
21.61
33.84
22.47
-.6
-1.0
+1.0
+1.6
+.2
+5.0
-2.1
+.4
-1.1
+.7
-4.8
+2.4
-2.1
+7.1
39.1
39. 3
41.1
40.5
38.4
36.4
40.0
38. 3
39.6
36.4
35.7
35. 6
37.6
+4.9
+5.1
+1.5
+8.8
+ 1.2
-2.1
+3.7
+8.3
+4.0
+ 13.3
+8.8
+19.1
-.8
+3.9
+4.9
+8.0
+4.5
-1.8
—2.7
-13.4
-.9
-.5
-3.0
+4.1
+9.0
+2.6
+15.9
+7.3
+18.7
+5.7
+1.9
+.1
+2.4
-2.5
+.9
-4.2
+2.1
-2.2
68.5
78.3
31.3
59. 5
80.7
48.5
70. 4
63. 9
74.4
77.3
60. 5
95.6
60.4
+.8
+.8
+ 1.9
+.7
2
+( )
+2.4
+.5
-.5
-.3
+1.2
-.5
+1.0
+.2
+.7
+.2
+14.6
-.8
-3.2
+.5
2
-.'6
+1. 5
-1.7
+1.4
+1.4
+1.4
NONMANUFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 12-month average, 1929=100]
Coal mining: 3
Anthracite
Bituminous 3
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining
Crude-petroleum producing.
Public utilities:
Telephone and telegraph 4
.
Electric
light and power and manufactured
gas 4
.
.
.
Electric-railroad and motorbus operation and
maintenance *
Trade:
Wholesale *
RetaiH
General merchandising *
Other than general merchandising *
Hotels (year-round)'a *s
Laundries 3.. __
Dyeing and cleaning 3
Brokerage *
Insurance *...
Building construction
45.0
79.7
60.4
47.5
67.5
75.4
93. 2
-12.1
+ 1.8
-2.0
+. 3
+.7
+.1
+1. 0
69.7
-.3
87.9
83.6
91.7
81.5
90. 2
100.0
100. 6
-.2
-3.2
-5.8
-2.4
-2.8
+1.3
-3.2
-1.0
+.8
+4. 5
+0.9
+ 1.5
+21.0
+7.7
-G.7
+.7
+1.1
-.6
+1.3
+3.1
+4.4
+2.7
-.5
+2.2
-1.9
-7.2
+.1.2
+ 8.9
+1
+.8
+2.3
81.5
+
1
-3.9
-1.8
86.9
+2
5
-.9
+3.1
71.4
+
5
-1.8
-.1
-1.7
-1.1
—. 5
-.8
—.4
72.5
55.7
49. 9
+1
9
-(')
-3.2
+ L2
-.1
41.9
4S.5
-30.0
-2.8
-11.2
-2.1
-. 1
+25.1
+13. 8
+25. 7
+10.4
-6. 5
$1.8. 65
22.11
25.11
21.00
33. 29
-20.4
-4.5
-9.4
-2.5
+23. 9
+12.1
+3.3
+2.5
+.2
20.1
24.3
30. 4
39. 2
38.0
-20.9
-4.7
-8. 9
-3.2
-2.2
+30. 5
+12. 0
94.6
+1.1
+4.2
31.06
+.9
+3.4
39.4
100.1
-.1
+1.8
33.64
— 1.2
+.8
70.8
-.6
+2.6
33.15
-.3
+3.1
45.9
75.9
70. 9
83.8
08. 2
79. 2
87.9
77.1
(*)
+ ()
+3.1
+4.1
+4.2
+3. 9
+2.3
+0. 0
-.0
-0.4
+ 1.5
+ 14.3
29.97
21.58
18.25
21.16
15. 05
17.92
19. 92
35. 52
31. 38
30. 85
+.3
+1.0
+.9
+.8
+1.8
+1.0
-.2
+1.2
+2.8
+3.7
+1.3
+.9
+.3
+4.4
41.4
42.6
38. 5
43. 9
40.8
43. 3
42.1
r
e)
-2.3
-4.9
-1.6
-3. 5
+1.1
-8.4
-2.2
+.2
+4. 0
* Average weekly earnings are computed from figures furnished by all reporting establishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data supplied
by a smaller number of establishments, as not all reporting firms furnivsh man-hours.
The figures are not strictly comparable from month to month because of changes in tlie
size and composition of the reporting sample. Hours and earnings for manufacturing
industries now relate to S7 industries instead of 89 which were covered in the July and
prior issues of the pamphlet. The two industries excluded are electric- and steam-rail*
road repair shops. The averages for the durable-goods group have also been affected by
this exclusion.
-2il
-4.4
Cents
93.1
90. 3
69.4
55. 2
88.3
25. 3
64.0
47.8
40. 8
62.4
1
3
-.7
-.2
-5. 4
-.6
-.6
(
33.0
+.2
+.4
G
((°)+.6
)
+0
1
+ 57
—5
6
+1.0
+2 4
+.6
-1 5
— 1
-I. 0
(
+.4
('••>)
92.0
(«)
6
+1.5
+4^2
+5.0
+4.2
+.4
+2.6
+.2
+3.7
+1.1
+.1
+ 1.4
+1.7
+ 1.9
+.2
(6)
(6)
+4.4
Less than Mo of 1 percent.
Indexes adjusted to 1935 census. Comparable series back to January 1929 presented
in January 1938 issue of this pamphlet.
* Averago weekly earnings, hourly earnings, and hours not strictly comparable with
fiiniros published in pamphlets prior ro January H'38 as they now exclude ec rporaticn
officers,
executives, and other employees whose duties are nainly supervisory.
s
Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
• Not available.
TABLE 4.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries
MANUFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 3-year average, 1923-25=100, and are adjusted to 1935 Census of Manufactures. Not comparable to indexes published in pamphlets prior to August 1938.
Comparable series available upon request]
Employment index
Average weekly
earningsi
Pay-roll index
Average hours worked
per week i
Average hourly
earnings l
Industry
July
1939
All manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
June
1939
May
1939
July
1939
June
1939
May
1939
July
1939
June
1939
May
1939
July
1939
June
1939
May
3939
July
1939
June
1939
May
1939
Cents
Cents
90.5
82.1
98.5
90.6
83.9
97.0
90.1
83.3
96.7
76.6
92.1
85.9
81.4
91.0
84.4
79.5
83.9
$23. 70
28.40
21.27
$24.25
27.38
21.34
$23. 90
26.92
21.11
36.6
36.1
37.0
37.2
37.4
37.1
36.7
36.7
36.7
61.3
71.8
53.1
64.8
72.4
58.2
Cents
64.9
72.4
58.4
86.7
91.9
87.9
69.3
87.5
92.3
83.2
67.8
87.3
91.3
89.0
67.9
76.7
79.6
75.3
61.8
80.7
83.4
81.9
61.8
78.4
79.9
81.8
63.6
25.81
27.12
21.79
21.28
23.30
23. 59
21.73
26.17
27.40
23. 46
22.32
34.2
32.1
31.8
36.6
35.6
33.6
34.0
37.2
34.9
32.8
33.7
3S.2
76.0
84.9
63. 5
57. 8
75.7
84.2
69.5
58.0
75.3
83.5
69. 6
53.1
79.8
48.0
65.6
75.6
131.4
83.4
48.0
68.5
74.8
134.7
80.2
48.4
76.1
73.9
132. 8
68.4
44.9
63.3
65.5
123.4
77.7
45.7
71.4
67.7
131.4
72.0
46.5
75.1
67.2
128.2
21.59
27. 43
23. 38
24.70
22.68
23. 56
27.95
25.21
25. 56
23. 44
22. 65
23.17
23.87
25. 81
23.19
37.6
38. 2
37.4
36. 8
36.4
38.8
36.5
33. 5
33.1
37.3
38.1
36. 7
36.7
38.2
37.1
61.2
75.8
62.5
67.3
62.8
61.4
76. 6
65. 5
67.1
62.5
60.4
77.0
65.1
67.6
62.4
80.7
69.5
95.3
69.1
82.7
67.8
93.0
82.4
67.2
89.1
56.1
66.3
60.8
101.3
58.9
70.3
60.6
101.6
56.7
68.9
59.1
95.8
24.23
24. 26
27.56
23.12
25. 66
25. 20
23.13
23.82
24.92
24.77
27.71
23.66
35.1
37.1
37.9
38.1
36.9
37.9
39.1
39.4
35.7
37.3
33.2
38.9
69.1
65.6
72.8
60.5
69.6
63.6
72.1
60.4
66.5
72.7
60.9
79.9
132.3
95.7
108.1
84.0
144.2
95.6
113.6
84.1
154. 7
91.9
117.5
74.0
136.5
94.9
114.6
81.4
152.2
98.4
118.9
80.9
153.3
94.9
126.0
22.88
24. 72
27.55
29.20
24.05
25.23
27.97
28. 85
23. 83
23. 91
27.86
29. 53
36.8
36.2
38.0
37.4
39.0
37.6
33.6
37.1
33.8
35.9
33.3
37.7
62.3
63.4
72.4
73.5
61.8
67.3
72.5
73.0
61.5
66.8
72.5
129. 3
86.1
130.4
85.8
129.5
85.9
123.5
S8.0
121.4
87.0
30. 52
28.05
30. 62
28.42
30.29
28.11
37.5
?7.8
37.6
38.3
82.1
74.4
82.0
74. 4
85.1
137. 0
108.5
98.0
84.6
133. 6
95.4
117.5
82.4
153.2
95.2
117.2
SO. 4
149.3
84.1
30.36
26.95
31.23
21.71
30. 57
27.71
31.78
21.63
30.95
27. 23
31.70
21.73
39.2
37.6
41.8
37.7
37.3
37.8
39.5
33.3
42.4
81.8
74. 3
85.2
139.4
117.3
122.0
87.4
113.3
80.2
153.3
103.5
77.9
71.6
74. 8
57. G
78.2
71.6
75.0
53-3
78.7
71.0
74.9
53.9
Durable goods
Iron and steel and their products, not including
machinery
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills..
Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets
Cast-iron pipe
Cutlery (not including silver and plated cutlery) and edge tools
Forgings, iron and steel
_
Hardware
Plumbers' supplies
Stamped and enameled ware
Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and
steam fittings
Stoves
Structural and ornamental metahvork
Tin cans and other tinware
Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools,
files, and saws)
_.
Wirework
Machinery, not including transjmtation equipment.
Agricultural implements (including tractors)..
Cash registers, adding machines, and calculating machines
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies.
Engines, turbines, water wheels, and windmills
Foundry and machine-shop products
Machine tools
Radios and phonographs
_
!
39.2
38.7
42.4
37.2
Textile machinery and parts
74.9
Typewriters and parts
119.7
Transportation equipment
78.2
Aircraft
1. 377. 8
Automobiles. __
75.4
Cars, electric- and steam-railroad
29.4
29.8
Locomotives
120.3
Shipbuilding
91.9
Nonferrous metals and their products.
160.2
Aluminum manufactures
Brass, bronze, and copper products
Clocks and watches and time-recording
devices
79.8
Jewelry
91.1
Lighting equipment
75.4
CO. 5
Silverware and plated ware
70.5
Smelting and refining—copper, lead, and zinc.
67.2
lumber and allied products
80.0
Furniture
Lumber:
Millwork
57.3
Sawmills
54. 5
73.9
Stone, clay, and glass products
57.3
Brick, tile, and terra cotta
72.0
Cement
.
90. 5
Glass
48.0
Marble, granite, slate, and other products
70.1
Pottery
73.1
72.7
76.8
75.5
71.8
124.0
126.0
114.9
111 3 128.5
90.3
89.9
75.9
83.2
87.6
1. 283. 4 1,183. 9 1, 347. 2 1, 310. 6 1,165. 2
93.3
91.6
72.0
88.6
88.0
32.3
33.7
26.2
31.8
33.5
27.0
22.4
26.3
24.4
19.6
121. r>
118.0
127.8
132.4
127.6
91.6
92,4
86.1
86.7
86.8
152. 2
154.7
152.2
161.2
156.8
98.7
99.1
102.6
99.0
99.4
26.63
23.05
30.95
29.45
31.42
24. 36
28. 38
31.71
25. 41
24.20
28.31
26.70
22.13
31.73
31.17
31.94
26. 94
29.01
32. 53
25.52
20. 65
27.32
25. 65
24.49
31.04
30.04
31.18
27. 21
28.15
32.29
25. 38
26.31
27.18
40.5
36.0
35.1
40.6
34.0
32.8
37.2
37.6
37.8
36.0
39. 7
40.5
34.5
36.3
42.0
34.3
36. 5
37.7
38.5
38.2
39.1
38. S
38.7
37.1
34.9
41.2
33.5
36.7
36.6
38.9
37.7
38.7
38.5
65.8 1
64.0
88.4
72.4
92.6
74.2
76.3 !
83.2
67.1
66.1
64.0
89.3
73.6
93.3
73.8
77.0
83.2
87.0
68.0
70.7
GO. 4
66.0
89. 5
73.7
93.1
74.0
77.0
82.1
67.2
68.1
70.8
21. 34
22.31
24.66
23. 41
26.05
19.61
19. 30
21.30
23.12
24.79
24. 53
20. 34
20.96
19. 91
21.03
22. 46
24. 63
24. 80
26.29
20.73
19. 86
36.3
37.6
35.8
37.0
37.5
33.8
37.2
36.4
38.8
35.6
3*. 5
38.1
39.1
38.0
35.6
37.3
35.1
39.3
3?.O
38.6
37.5
58.7
58. 3
68.9
64.0
69. 5
53.7
52.4
58.5
59.1
69.7
59.1
59.9
70.1
63.7
69.2
513
53.0
67.0
71.7
79.9
87.7
70.2
65.5
71.0
66.8
78.7
82 2
80.1
81.2
66.2
71.3
65.3
77.0
79.8
72.4
64.3
51.7
65. 2
58.8
64.9
79.8
73.0
07.0
58.'5
66.4
60.4
64.9
81.8
69.3
70. 9
59. 8
66.6
58.2
63.1
57.2
54. 4
74.5
57.1
71.2
93.0
45.9
79. 6
53.9
53.7
72.7
53. 6
07.4
91.5
47. 5
80.7
46.4
46. 8
62.5
42.8
69. 5
87.4
30. 4
G2.1
48.6
51.9
66.9
46.2
69. 7
96.0
36. f>
69.2
45.0
50. 3
64.1
40.4
64.0
91.7
40.4
73.1
21.41
19. 26
22.61
19. 58
26. 84
23.27
25. 83
20. 30
22. 45
21.26
23. 94
21. 25
27.31
24. 86
26. 76
21. 59
21.99
21.00
23.47
19. 91
26. 50
24.15
28. 63
22. 46
39.7
35.9
35.3
36. 6
38. 0
32. 5
35.7
35.8
41.4
39. 2
37.2
39. 5
39. 0
35. 0
37.5
36.2
41.0
38.6
36.4
37. 4
38.0
3-1. 2
39.5
36. 6
54.0
54. 3
51 3
55.2
53.1
70.6
71.5
72. 9
61.7
53. 8
70.0
71. 1
71.8
63.1
94.9
S7.8
78.9
8-1.1
79.0
100. 4
79.8
J13. 0
141.7
75. 5
74.8
152. 3
5G. 4
79.8
109.3
97.9
.151.9
100. 6
128.1
58.2
115.0
96.1
77.4
77.6
75. 5
74.5
64.6
64.7
72.4
70.8
75. 9
73.0
89.3
88. 6
82.8
74.7
107. 6 109.4
140. 7 144.0
69. 6
68. 6
65. 6
68.1
126. 9 123.0
46.0
45.5
68.3
66. 7
78.6
80.9
70.1
71.7
94.2
103.1.
108. 5 190.1
109.1 i 113.4
33.0
40.0
94.0
100.9
77.8
74.2
64.8
72.2
74.8
91. 3
6k 3
109. 3
146. 6
66. 7
65. 6
110.8
46. 5
60.9
82.1
06. 6
110.4
111.8
104.9
52.5
102.2
16.47
16. 23
21. 61
13. 83
17.78
19.78
24. 53
16. 90
17. 63
16. 76
14.90
18.34
15.15
19.42
17.16
19.11
17.71
16. 70
13.22
18.06
12.38
16.49
16.18
21.77
13. 69
17.75
20.29
23. 24
17. 17
17.95
16. 96
15.13
17.87
15. 38
19. 32
17.46
19.04
18.06
17. 09
13.83
18.43
13.33
16.35
16.01
21. 53
13. 78
17. 31
20. 29
21.33
16. 93
17.75
16.98
14. 74
17.07
15.19
18.77
17. 43
18.04
19.03
17. 57
12.88
19.99
13. 40
35.2
35. 9
33. 9
30.1
38.5
37. 6
34. 4
34. 9
33.7
36.9
37. 1
39.2
35. 3
36.8
33.7
33.5
34.1
37.1
34.4
30.4
32. 5 i
35.4
34.8
35. 5
33.8
35. 7
37.6
37. 6
30.9
34. 9
34.1
37.0
36.2
36.0
35.1
35. 7
33.6
31.9
34.7
38.9
33.8
31.1
34.3
47.1
47.2
45.8
63. 6
38.3
47.4
53. 7
70.9
49.1
52.0
46.1
40. 5
45.8
43.0
52. 6
49.8
56.8
47.8
45.1
37.7
03. 0
39. 4
616
610
69.1
513
52.7
617
53.8
55. 2
64.6
53. 4
69.8
70.6
72.7
62.3
Nondurable goods
Textiles and their products
Fabrics
Carpets and rugs
Cotton goods...
Cotton small wares
Dyeing and finishing textiles .
Hats, fur-felt
...
Knit goods
Hosiery
Knitted outerwear..
Knitted underwear
Knitted cloth
Silk and rayon goods
Woolen and worsted goods
Wearing apparel
Clothing, men's
Clothing, women's
Corsets and allied garments...
Men's furnishings
Millinery
Shirts and collars
For footnotes see end of table.
95.0
89.2
79.3
So. 7
81.5
109.1
113.1
141.9
77.3
73.5
153.1
57. 7
81.4
10(5.4
102.6
138.4
105.8
125.7
47.7
114.0
1
88.3
79.9
85. 2
82.3
112.7
76. 6
114.1
145. 4
73.0
74.3
144.1
58.7
75.0
11.2.2
96. 7
159. 7
100.8
127.3
70.2
118. 0
35. 9
31.3
35. 8
37.9
37. 4
33. 4
35. 3
34. 3
36.7
37. 5
38. 3
35.4
36.7
34.6
33.8
35. 6
38.0
35. 7
28.8
34.2 •
45.8
03. 7
38. 3
47.1
52. 4
72.3
49. 5
52.8
45. 3
40.2
46.1
42.5
53.0
49.5
55.5
48.6
44.8
37.4
59.8
38.3
47.7
45. 9
63.7
38. 6
46.7
53. 5
70.0
49.4
52. 4
46.1
40.7
46.1
42.9
52.6
51.0
57.4
50.1
45.3
36.7
64.0
39. 5
CO
TABLE 4.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufactwing Industries—Continued
MANUFACTURING-Continued
[Indexes are based on 3-ycar average, 1923-25=100, and are adjusted to 1935 Census of Manufactures. Not comparable to indexes published in pamphlets prior to August 1938.
Comparable series available upon request]
Employment index
Pay-roll index
Average weekly
Average hours worked
per week i
Average hourly
earnings J
Industry
July
1939
Nondurable
May
1939
July
1939
June
1939
May
1939
July
1939
June
May
1939
July
1939
June
1939
64.2
57.9
81.0
120. 9
143.4
301.3
87.0
85.6
69.6
75.0
75.2
107.7
52.2
70.2
55.8
65.6
54.5
103. 9
104.2
105.5
19.70
18.74
23.87
24.61
26.05
34.93
22.96
15.49
17.66
26. 28
29.03
28.54
23. 56
23. 15
17. 4.8
18.52
17.26
27.57
21.19
23.40
18.65
17. 28
24.30
25.13
25.96
31 78
22.63
15.54
18.52
25.40
28.42
28.25
27.89
23.87
17.19
17.25
17.17
28.10
21.75
24.13
17.43
15.93
23.78
25.48
25.91
33.92
22.53
17.01
18.33
25.29
29.0?
28.39
27.71
23.36
18.60
17.26
16.45
28.22
21.28
24. 25
37.5
3.77
37.8
40.1
42.1
40.7
48.0
34.6
34.0
43.3
47.5
41.6
31.9
36.1
37.0
35.3
37.2
37.5
38.9
38.0
35.1
34.5
38.7
40.5
42.2
40.8
47.7
34.2
36. 6
42.0
47.1
40.9
41.1
37.0
36.6
33.8
36.9
38.1
39.8
39.0
32.8
31.8
37.9
43. 7
42.2
40.0
46.7
34.9
36.7
42.0
47.1
41.2
40.5
36.6
35.3
33.8
35.5
38.2
39.1
39.4
Cents
Cents
Cents
52. 1
52.7
52.0
4.. 8
50.5
50.4
63.0
63.0
62.9
61.5
82.2
63.2
62.4
61.8
61.7
86.8
85.5
85. 8
4S.0
47.3
48.3
44.5
46.4
50.0
51.9
50.5
50.0
60.4
60.3
60.0
61.5
60.4 | 59. 9
68.7 ; 69. 1 ! i 68.9
70.9
75.7 I 70.0
63.8
64.1
64.5 i!
47.2
47.6
47.4
51.1
52.4
51. 0
46.7
47.0
47.0
77.2
77.0
77.0
55.0
54.8
55.1
61.6
61. 6
61.8
80.2
100.1
May
1939
July
1939
June
1939
May
1939
I
goods—Continued
Leather and its manufactures
Boots and shoes
Leather
Food and kindred products
Baking
Beverages
Butter
Canning and preserving
Confectionery
Flour...
.
Icecream
Slaughtering and meat packing
Sugar, beet
Sugar refining, cane
Tobacco manufactures
Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff
Cigars and cigarettes.
Paper and printing.
Boxes, paper...
Paper and pulp.
Printing and publishing:
Book and job
Newspapers and periodicals
Chemicals and allied products, and petroleum
refining
Petroleum refining
Other than petroleum rofinin^...
Chemicals
Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal___
Druggists' preparations
Explosives
_
Fertilizers
June
1939
9.40
84.3
129.6
147.1
207. 8
108.0
168.9
67.0
81.6
94.9
99.1
53.6
90.5
64.0
57.6
64.8
105. 2
101.0
105. 8
100. 2
103.7
109.4
120.6
106.6
115.1
42.9
104.6
87.4
65.5
83.4
8.77
83.5
122.8
146.7
265.1
107.2
121.1
68.8
78.4
94.4
97.8
50.8
84.2
63.8
59.2
64.4
104.7
99.5
106.1
87.0
86.4
82.0
116.8
145.4
246.4
101.4
92.9
70.6
77.0
87.1
95.4
48.3
81.0
62.8
59. 5
63.2
106.0
100.1
106.7
59.7
67.9
58.6
100.8
104. 5
101.1
69.8
63.9
84.6
125.6
145.1
330.8
92.7
102.0
68.4
77.2
80.0
109. 8
55.0
74.5
5S.9
65.7
58.0
102.2
105.5
104.4
97.5
105. 6
102.7
119.3
106. 2
111. 5
47.2
107.0
85.9
70. 4
99.8
106. 8
90.7
103.4
88.7
107.0
90.9
109.2
30.16
30. 78
30. 28
37. 28
30.31
37.62
38.3
35.5
38.1
36.0
38.5
36.3
111. 5
117.0
110.1
114. 5
G4.9
100.8
82.0
110.4
118.7
131.4
114.8 ,
128.4 |
37. 5 I
118.2 !
98 1 j
63.2 i
119.5
134.3
115. 0
129.1
10.9
119.0
96 3 i
64.7 i
120. 4
132.1
11G.8
128.9
52.0
118.5
91.2
105.2
28.99
33. 91
26.71
30. 74
13. 55
23.92
30.97
17.65
29. 37
34.99
26. 79
31.07
13. 37
24.95
30.92
16.79
28.81
35.10
2s>. 11
31.00
12. 39
24. 85
30.68
17.61
37.9
34.7
39.1
39.3
41.1
40.5
38.4
36.4
38.5
36.1
39.5
40.0
42.2
39.8
38.4
35.4
38.4
36. 3
39.1
39.0
40.5
39. 3
38.3
38.5
77.8
74.3
84.1
130.4
146.2
334. 2
91. 3
142.2
63.6
83.5
81.9 j
112.4
49.0
77.8
77.0
98. 5
68.5 j
78.3
31.3 |
59.5 !
80.7 !
48.5 |
80.9
99.9
80.2
100.1
76.2
97.2 i
08. 0
77. 7 |
30. 5 i
59. 2 |
80.6 I
47.5 i
74.9
97.0
00. 8
77.6
30.0
59.7
80.0
45.8
Paints and varnishes
Rayon and allied products
Soap
Rubber products
Rubber boots and shoes
Rubber tires and inner tubes
Rubber goods, other
117.2
309-8
92.0
78.8
46.7
67. 2
128.0
119.3
298.5
89.4
80.2
5«.O
66.7
127. 5
118.4
308. 5
87.7
81.4
61.0
67.2
128.7
121.7
309.4
95.2
83.3
44.1
79.1
123.1
126.4
297.0
93. 5
84.2
57. 5
76.8
121. 3
127. 3
298.3
90.3
82.1
56.8
73.5
124.2
28.14
24.47
29.42
28.22
21.61
33.84
22.47
29.12
23.70
29 23
26.78
21.35
31.40
22. 65
40.0
38.3
39.6
36.4
35.7
35. 0
37.6
41.1
37.9
40.0
36.5
37.3
34.9
38.1
41.5
36.6
39.0
36.7
35.8
33.2
38.1
70.4
63.9
74.4
77.3
60.5
95.0
60.4
69.7
64.3
74.0
76.5
60.8
94.7
60.3
70.1
04.7
75.1
74.2
59. 7
94.4
00.1
$23. 30 $35. 84
22. 75 11.32
27. 20 27.50
22.15
21.74
34. 38 34.04
20.1
24. 3
36.4
39.2
38.0
25.4
25.2
39.4
40.1
38.8
38 8
14! 1
40.0
40.0
38.8
Cents
93 1
90^3
09.4
55. 2
88.3
Cents
92. 8
88.6
69.5
54.9
80.7
Cents
91.8
86.0
69.1
54.5
86.1
28.62
24.38
29.74
27.88
22. 69
33.06
22.77
NONMANUFACTURING
llndcxes are based on 12-month average, 1929 = 100]
Coal mining: 2
Anthracite 2
Bituminous _.
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining
Crude-petroleum producing
Public utilities:
Telephone and telegraph 3
.
Electric
light and power and manufactured
gas 3
Electric-railroad3 and motorbus operation and
maintenance
Trade:
Wholesale 3
Retain
..
General merchandising 3
3
Other than general
merchandising
Hotels (year-round)
23 *
Laundries 2
Dyeing and cleaning 2
Brokerage 3 5
Insurance 3 5
Building construction *
45.0
79.7
00. 4
47. 5
07. 5
51.2
78.3
01.0
47.3
67.0
52.0
47.9
01.9
45.6
06.1
25.3
64.6
47.8
40.8
62.4
30. 1
00. 5
53.8
41.7
02. 5
57.0
20.4
54.1
39.7
01.2
$18.65
22.11
25.11
21.00
33. 29
75.4
75. 3
74.7
94.0
93.7
93.7
31.00
30.79
31.05
39.4
39.1
39.2
81.5
81.4
81.8
93.2
92.3
91.0
100.1
100. 2
98.8
33.64
33.89
33.82
38.0
40.2
40.1
86.9
84.4
84.6
09.7
09.9
69.0
70.8
71.2
70.1
33.15
33.21
32.89
45.9
46.2
45.6
71.4
71.1
71.2
87.9
83.6
91.7
81.5
90.2
100.0
106. 6
—1. 0
88.1
80.4
97.4
83.5
92.8
98.7
110.1
—2. 0
87.2
85.7
96.8
82.8
93.9
95.5
107.0
— 1.4
75.9
70.9
83.8
08.2
79.2
87.9
77.1
—2.2
75.8
72.5
88.1
09. 3
82.0
80. 9
84. 2
—2. 4
74. 9
71. 5
80. 7
08.3
82.4
83.9
83.0
— 1.1
+11.9
+.0
29.97
21.58
18.25
24.16
15.05
17.92
19.92
35. 52
34.38
30.85
29.90
21.36
18.05
24.00
15.30
17.95
21.00
35. 71
36.75
30.87
29. 72
21.19
17.90
23.86
15.22
18.07
21.12
36.08
36.82
31.40
41.4
42.6
38.5
43.9
46.8
43.3
42.1
42.0
42.7
39.2
43.8
46.8
43.2
43.4
42.1
42.4
38.9
43.5
46.6
43.0
43.9
72.5
55. 7
49.9
57.5
31.9
41.9
48.5
71.5
55.1
48.7
57.1
32.6
41. 9
49.1
71.1
55.0
48.8
56.9
32.4
42.4
49.1
33.4
33.5
(6)
(°)
.0
+.8
+.4
+1.4
+.3
+6.7
+.2
+4.6
1
Average weekly earnings are corr. puted from figures furnished by all reporting establishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are coir puted from data supplied
by a smaller number of establishments, as not all reporting firms furnish man-hours.
The figures are not strictly comparable from n:onth to month because of changes in the
size and composition of the reporting sample. Houis and earnings for all manufacturing
industries now relate to 87 industries instead of 89 which were covered in the July and
prior issues of the pamphlet. The 2 industries excluded are electric- and steam-railroad
repair shops. The averages for the durable-goods group have also been affected by this
exclusion.
2
Indexes adjusted to 1935 census. Comparable series back to January 1929 presented
in January 1938 issue of this publication.
+.5
(6)
33.6
92.0
92.8
94.1
3
Average weekly earnings, hourly earnings, and hours not strictly comparable with
figures published in pamphlets prior to January 1938 as they now exclude corporation
officers, executives, and other employees whose duties are mainly supervisory.
* Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
8
Indexes of employment and pay rolls are not available, percentage changes from preceding
month substituted.
6
Not available.
16
INDEXES OF EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS, JULY 1938
THROUGH JULY 1939
Indexes of employment and pay rolls are given in table 5 for all
manufacturing industries combined, for the durable- and nondurablegoods groups of manufacturing industries, and for each of 13 nonmanufacturing industries, including 2 subgroups under retail trade, by
months, from July 1938 to July 1939, inclusive. The accompanying
chart indicates the trend of factory employment and pay rolls from
January 1919 to July 1939.
The indexes of factory employment and pay rolls are based on the
3-year average 1923-25 as 100. They relate to wage earners onry and
are computed from reports supplied by representative manufacturing
establishments in 87 manufacturing industries. These reports cover
more than 55 percent of the total wage earners in all manufacturing
industries of the country and more than 65 percent of the wage earners
in the 87 industries included in the monthly survey of the Bureau of
Labor Statistics.
The indexes for the nonmanufacturing industries are based on the
12-month average for 1929 as 100. Figures for mining, laundries, and
dyeing and cleaning cover wage earners only, but the figures for public
utilities, trade, and hotels relate to all employees except corporation
officers, executives, and other employees whose duties are mainly
supervisory. For crude-petroleum production they cover wage earners and the clerical field force. The coverage of the reporting samples
for the various nonmanufacturing industries ranges from approximately 25 percent for wholesale trade and dyeing and cleaning to approximately 80 percent for quarrying and nonmetallic mining, anthracite mining, and public utilities.
Data for both manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries are
based on reports of the number of employees and amount of pay rolls
for the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month*
17
TABLE 5.—Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in Selected Manufacturing
2
manufacturing
1
and Non-
Industries, July 1938 to July 1939, Inclusive
Employment
Industry
1938
Av.
1938 I
i J u l y Aug. Sept J Oct. :Nov. Dec.
i
:
Manufacturing
All industries.
Durable goods 3
Nondurable goods i
i
i
1939
1
Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May; June July
I !
1
. 80. 8 i 81.9 85.7 88.8' 80.5 90.5 91.2 89.511 90. 7j 91.4 91.1 90.1 90. 0: 90.5
77.3; 70.3 71.7! 75.3: 79.0! 82.1! 83.1 81. O, 82.6 83.5 84.11 83.3, 83.9, 82.1
96.0| 92.9 99.0 101. 71 99. 4i 98.41 93.8 97. 1 98. 4 98. 9 97.8- 90.71 97.0 9S.5
Nonmanufacturing
Anthracite mining
Bituminous-coal mining._
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic
mining^
Crude-petroleum produciug
Telephone and telegraph..
Electric light and power,
and manufactured gas.__
Electric-railroad and motorbus operation and
maintenance.
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
General merchandising
Other than general
merchandising
Year-round hotels. 1
Laundries
Dyeing and cleaning-
i
I
52.3 44.0 37.0- 40.4 52.4 51.0 51.3 50. 0 52.2' 51. 7 i 53.0! 52. 01' 51.2 45.0
86.7, 78. o1 80.1 1 83.4 ! 87. 2 88.6 89.388.7 88.0 87.4 : 25.9 47.9 1 78.3 79.7
59.0 49.71 51.11 55.2- 57.9: 61.91 02.3 62.6 60.9 01.0! 01. 5| 61.9' 61. Gj 60.4
i .I . I- i-
!
J
38.3 37. 9" 40.11 43.0; 45.6, 47.3' 47.5
i
I
I
72.11 72. 3 72.4 71.5 G0.5.! 68. 3 ! 07.8 67.0 P6.4 60.2' 05.8 f>6.11 67.0! 67.5
75.11 74. 9j 74. S[ 74.0; 74.7, 74.4- 74.3
74. li 73.3 73.4. 74. lj 74.7] 75. 3j 75.4
92.3| 92.3; 92.7; 92.5; 92. 0! 91. o! 91.4 90.0 89.6! 89.5 90.3| 91.0' 92. 3i 93.2
'
i
i
70.31 70.1 69.5 09.3] 09.9 69.5' 09.4 69.2, 09.'V 69.5 60.1 1 09. 6 69.9! 69.7
88.8, 86.8: 87.0, 88.5 89. li 89.8, 90.0 88.?I 87. 9." 87.4; 87. 3j 87.2' 88. l! 87.9
85.2,1 81.1! 80.0; 84.7- 85.9 80.9.' 98.1 82.2, 81.5, 83. S 85.5 85.7, «6.4, 83.6
98.0 1 87.9! 80. i
I
!
97.0 99.4 104.5 144.1 90.71 88.8 93.2j 96. 9J 96.8. 97.4 91.7
I
'
i
81.8 79.3: 78.3j 81.5 82.3
92.7 90.7 : 90.4 91.8 92.9
95.7, 97. S' 97.5i 96.5 94.4
104. 3 108.6 105.0 107.8 106. >>
:
i
I
,
!
!
1
«2. 3 80.0 80.0
92.5 92.091.8:
93.3
93.7 93.4
102. 5, 97. 9 91. 2,
79.0
92.0.
92.8
92. 1
81.3: 82. 51 82.8' 83. 51 81.5
92.7 93.2 93.9 92.8 90.2
92.9 93.5 95.5 98.7 100.0
95. 4 102. 2 107.0110.1 106. 6
I
P a y rolls
Manufacturing
All industries
_Durable goods'__ —
Nondurable, goods 4 ..-.
77.5 70.6 76.9 81.0 83.8 84.1 86.583.4' 85.5 80.9! 84.9! 84.4 ! 85.9, 83.9
08.2 58.6 63.7: 08.7 75.2 78.3 : 80.4 76.6 78. 51 80.1 80. 2 : 79. 5! 81. 4 70.6
88.0' 84.1; 91.7: 94.9 9 3 . 1 90.6 93.491.0, 93.3 94 0 90.2 89,9' 91.0 92.1
No n manufacturing
Anthracite mining
Bituminous-coal mining...
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and noi.metallic mining
Crude-petroleum producing
Telephone ind telegraph...
Electric light ftnd power,
and manufactured gas.Electric-railroad and motorbus operation and
maintenance. _
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
General merchandising
Other than general
merchandising
Year-round hotels
Laundries
Dyeing and cleaning
i
I
38. 2: 20.2 20. 0' 29.4' 43.4 30.2. 42.5 38.0, 45.2, 34.2, 43.4; 57.0 30.11 25.3
67.9 56.3 64.2 71.9, 78.3 81.1 80.978.2 81.2 77.8 17.0' 20.4 06.51 64.6
50.4 38. 0: 43. 7 i 46.1' 49.2 52. 3 ; 5 J . 1 5 r ;.3; 53. 4j 53. 6j 52. C 54. l | 53. 8 : 47.8
35.1 1 37. o' 39.2 38. 4 : 39. 2 37.2, 33.7 30.2: 29.7; 33. lj 35.9, 39.7! 41. 71 40.8
I
,
|
I
I
i
!
66.5 66.7 60.8! 60. 5 63.7. 63. 3 : 62.5 60.9 62.7. 61.3 60.8. 61.2 62. 5;i 02.4
92.1' 90.9" 91.3 92. 6' 95. n, 93.0, 92.5 92.0. 91.7 ( 91.9, 92.1! 93.7 i3.7, 94.0
I
•8.5"
(8.9, 93.4 99.9 98.6 98.2 95. 9' 9G. 4' 90. 7 ! 90.9 98. 8 100. 2,100.1
!
|
I
|
09.7; 69.0 69.5 08. 41 OS. 9 e8.8 : 69.7 71.1 09. 91 70.5" 09. 6' 70. l! 71.2 70.8
74. T 73.6 73. 71 74.3 75. V 75.4 75.7 75.5 74.0' 74.7 i 74.8 74.9, 75.8 75.9
70.4' 68.1 1 66. 8 69. 4i 70.8 71.5! 79.2 69.7,, 6S.4, 69.6, 71.3, 71.5 72.5: 70.9
!
!
i
i
i
87.8 80.4 • 78.8 85.3 88.3: 91.8 122.9 84.0, 81.0 83.4 1 86.6, 86. 71 88.1. S3. 8
!
i
j
i
I
60.8 65. G1 64.3 06.11 67.2 67.3 70.1 00.7 65.8 s 06.8, 08.1 68.3" 69.3' 63.2
80.3 77.4 77.4. 78.9! 80.8 81.3 81.1 80.2 82.8 81.1 81.9 - 82.4. 82.0 79.2
80.6 83.0 83 1 81.41 79.5 79.3 80.0 79.6 78.6; 79.3 79.9 83.9 86.9 87.9
75.3 77.5 74.3 81.7, 78.0 73.9 68.365.8, 6?. 2 67.7. 73.3 83.0, 81.2 77.1
j
I
I
i
I
i
ii
!
'
>r earlier
.„_
_omparable indexes are in November 1934 and subsequent issues of
Employment and Pay Rolls, or in February 1035 and subsequent issues of Monthly Labor Review, except
for anthracite and bituminous-coal mining, year-round hotels, laundries, and dyeing and cleaning. Indexes
for these industries from January 1929 foiward have been adjusted to the 1935 census and are presented in
the
January 1938 and subsequent issues of Employment and Pay Rolls.
3
Includes: Iron and steel, machinery, transportation equipment, nonferrous metals, lumber and allied
products,
and stone, clay, and glass product?.
4
Includes: Textiles and their products, leather and its manufactures, food and kindred products, tobacco
manufactures, paper and printing, chemicals and allied products, products of petroleum and coal, rubber
products, and a number of miscellineous industries not included ia other groups.
E M P L O Y M E N T A N D PAY ROLLS
ALL MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
1923-25=100
INDEX
120
100
80
120
4
E MPL OYMENT
f
PAY ROLLS
60
\
\
40
u
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
UNITED STATES BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
f]
i
vv
*
INDEX
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
V
f
Vf
1932
1933
100
1
ffcf
80
60
1
Af\
40
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
fcV
oo
19
TREND OF INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT, BY STATES
A comparison of employment and pay rolls, by States and geographic
divisions, in June and July 1939 is shown in table 6 for all groups
combined and for all manufacturing industries combined based on
data supplied by reporting establishments. The percentage changes
shown, unless otherwise noted, are unweighted—that is, the industries
included in the manufacturing group and in the grand total have
not been weighted according to their relative importance.
The totals for all manufacturing industries combined included
figures for miscellaneous manufacturing industries in addition to the
87 manufacturing industries presented in table 3. The totals for all
groups combined include all manufacturing industries, each of the
nonmanufacturing industries presented in table 3 (except building
construction), and seasonal hotels.
Similar comparisons showing only percentage changes are available
in mimeographed form for "All groups combined/7 for "All manufacturing/J for anthracite mining, bituminous-coal mining, metalliferous mining, quarrying and nonmetallic mining, crude-petroleum
producing, public utilities, wholesale trade, retail trade, hotels,
laundries, dyeing and cleaning, and brokerage and insurance.
TABLE 6.—Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments in
July 1939, by Geographic Divisions and by States
Figures in italics arc not compiled by the Bureau of Labnr Statistics, but are taken from reports issued by
cooperating State organizations]
Manufacturing
Total—all groups
PerNumcent- Xumage ber of ber on
change estab- pay roll chang
lishJuly
from
from
1939
June
June ments
Geographic division and State
1939
852, 705
57,047
39,734
New Hampshire.
620
17,356
Vermont
453
Massachusetts.. _ i 7, 810 464,800
Rhode Island
.849
88, 660
Connecticut
2,343 185, 608
New England
Maine.
Middle Atlantic
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Dollars
+0. 2 19, 779,042
+ 2 . 0 1,134,09;-)
+2.4
+1.9
+1.0 11,100,179
+•2 1,873,309
- 3 . 1 4, 455, 833
L, 993, 662 - 1 . 2 51,741,!
30, 377 1,
18,»39 873, 937 - 1 . 6 24,181,536
3,878 349,206 - 1 . l! 9,017,579
- . 7 18, 542, 874
7, 660 770, 519
East North Central. _ 24,782 1, 983, 224
Ohio
6,841 500,159
Indiana
2, 870 250,850
Illinois....
592,225
Michigan
3,823 401,780
Wisconsin
' 4,899 238, 210
For footnotes see end of table.
+0.8
+5.0
+5. 0
+2.0
+1.9
+.3
-2.9
Per-
Amount centof pay
age
roll (1 change
week)
from
July 1939 June
1939
1939
Dollars
,C3*,208
932, 243
091,769
243, 638
5,980, 819
1, 524,859
3, 664,880
+.130,579,604
-2.4
6, 669 1., 204, 632
-1.4
- 1 . 3 2 2,671 426,031
- . 8 11,543,293
-.2
-1.6
1, 638 286,912 - 1 . 3 7,300,784 - 1 . 9
491,689 3 +1. 5lll, 735, 527 1-2.6
-4.3
- 2 . 6 52,679,152 - 4 . 6
8, 394 1,
., 389, 205 -2.5139,300,603 - 8 . 5
- 1 . 1 13,006,079 - 3 . 8 2,393 386, 732
- . 8 10, 239, 432 - 4 . 1
1,078 199,879 3 -l.l\
-1.8
6,231, 486\ -4.3
5,078,615 *-4.6
-.l\15,626,610\
2,421 391,701
-.5
+.2\W,259,634
-1.0
- 9 . 8111, 894, 5581 - 1 0 . 9 l,0!{2 247,972 -11. 4\ 9,706,857 -15.2
+. { 5,920, 419\ -3.1 »1,460 162,921 ] z+2.3\ 4,016,065 3-3.3
20
TABLE 6.—Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
July 1939, by Geographic Divisions and by States—Continued
Total—all groups
Manufacturing
1
Geographic divi- Num- Number of ber on
sion and State
estab- pay roll
lishJuly
ments 1939
PerI PerPercent- Amount I cent- Num- Num- cent- Amount
age
of pay
age ber of ber on ,age , orpay
change roll
o ((1 change estab- pay roll change I roll (1
from
from lishJuly
week)
from
week)
June July 1939 June ments
1939 June Julv 1939
1939
1939
Percentage
change
from
June
1939
Dollars
+1.7! 5,186,737
-0.6
Dollars
West North Central.
Minnesota
Iowa
Missouri
North Dakota.-.
South Dakota
Nebraska
Kansas..
_.
11,751 429,49G
7 2, 802 130,311
59, 290
1,924
2,610 147,957
4,442
482
434
7,771
25, 682
1,060
8 2,439
5/h 037
South Atlantic
Delaware
Maryland
District of Columbia
Virginia
West Virginia....
North Carolina..
South Carolina-..
Georgia
Florida
East South Central..
Kentucky. _
Tennessee
Alabama..
Mississippi
West South Central.
Arkansas
Louisiana
Oklahoma
Texas
_„.
Mountain
Montana
Idaho
Wyoming
Colorado
New Mexico
Arizona
Utah
Nevada
_.
Pacific
Washington
Oregon...
California
10,413
240
1,690
816, 920
15,142
188,448
i, 465, 417 - 0 . 6
+0. 6 10,
3,453, 415
-.2
+1.9 1, 383, 379 - 4 . 2
3,451,729
"+'8 109,149 - -2 .. 38
-2.1
211,564
+.9 585, 901 +3.7
+.2
-.1
/, 270,280
30
+.1 15, 736, 405
-.2
364, 022
3,454,671
1,008
1,922
995
1,546
777
1,380
955
35, 566 -2.6
109,942
+.7
119,654
-.2
155,731 +1.5
90,576
-.2
112,838 - ( 1 0 )
39, 023 -4.6
4,240
1,242
1,163
1,373
462
277,138
75,130
97, 292
86, 761
17, 955
5,725
"860
948
1,287
216, 783
27, C'
51,616
36, 630
101, 443
3,789
554
480
299
1,111
279
362
543
161
113,668
14, 81.4
10, 531
7,834
36,620
5,864
13, 370
22,118
2,517
10, 381 481,511
2,461
88,340;
1,209
45,978;
2 6, 711 347,193'
in
959,434
2, 052, 474
2,822,916
2. 324, 337
1, 278,897
1,770,180
709, 474
+1.2 4, 985, 887
+1.2 1, 568, 390
+.4 1,679, 583
+1.8 1, 482, 780
+3.0 255,134
- . 4 4, 765, 764
+1.6 446,445
—. 7 1.010,69z
+.7 904, 732
-1.1 2,397, 895
+2.9 2.711,618
-.1
+4.9
+.3
+2.8
-2.7
-3.6
+12.3
-.4
381, 604
251, 288
204,518
877, 879
119,337
342, 206
463, 382
71, 404
-.9
-3.4
+.8
+
-2.7
()
-4.9
+2.0
-.4
-.4
-2.0
+.1
-1.
—. 6
+2.4
+2.5
-1.3
+3.6
-1.4
-.3
-2.5
-2.8
-4.3
-1.6
-5.0
-1.
+1.3
-9.0
+1.5
-3.2
+2.8 13,236,832|1 -2.0
— 1.2j 2.305.062 -6.7
—.9 1,121,604 -6.3
o
+4.4 9,810,166
2,440
643
365
784
27
32
137
452
215,198
54, 967
35, 651
88, 375
463
2, 539
9. 000
24,203
2,916
80
647
569. 502
10, 640
98,295
39
454
213
654
24'
390
192
3,092
76, 787
44, 997
142, 465
83,1.58
89, 439
20, 629
1,02'
288
362
286
91
184,290
35, 734
73, 227
62, 695
12, 634
1,293
264
231
137
661
107, 542
18,440
28,116
10. 374
60, 612
556
72
62
37
192
31
38
108|
16
+4.2\
1,397, ~
840,999
+2.0 2,013,519
11, 622
0
68,869
+2.8
+ 1.4 228.635
+.9 625, 755
-2.0j
+.6
+.5
3
+••"
-4.6
3 -./
104, 798
1, 377,496
-2.2
+1.6 3,148, 591
+.9
0
+1.6
+.9
-2.5
994,980 -10.7
+1.81 2,090,519 +2.2
- . 2 ! 1,138,941
-.5
+ . 1| 1,268,728
-.5
-3. 2
332,995 - 1 . 3
+1.4
+1.8
+3.3
+.1
724, 617
1, 238, 059
1,020, 640
164,675
2, 266,187
297,185
518,161
255, 678
-.5 /, 195,163
+3.4
+3.'9
3
37, 224 +9.9
4,790 +2.7
3,727 +16.5
1, 350 -2.6
14, 898 +4.8
870 - 1 6 . 1
2, 746 j - 2 . 1
8,503 +36. 2i
340l +5.3
2,670 255,427
527j
51, 824!
292! 29, 407
1,851\ 174,196.
9,991,648
245,922
2,437,269
+.1
-6.7
+.5
-.5
+2.7
+.9
+2.3
+5.3
-.6.
-2.4l
+8.7\
874,085
122,018
88, 268
40, 481
369,884
15,570
62, 706
166. 343
8,815
-.6
-.2
+3.0
+3.0
-1.8
+5.8
-2.5
+2.0
42
+.2
-.7
+7.0
-8.4
-2.8
-15.7
-6.3
+13.1
-7.0
6,575,762 -4.2
1,298,239 -11.0
682,115 -10.4
4,595,4081-1.1
1 Includes banks and trust companies; construction, municipal, agricultural, and office employment;
amusement and recreation; professional services; and trucking and handling.
»Includes laundering and cleaning; and water, light, and power.
* Weighted percentage change.
* Includes automobile and miscellaneous services; restaurants; and building and contracting.
«Includes construction but not public works.
«r Does not include logging.
Includes banks; real estate; pipe-line transportation; motor transportation (other than operation and
maintenance); water transportation; hospitals and clinics; and personal, business, mechanical repair, and
miscellaneous services.
«Includesfinancialinstitutions, miscellaneous services, and restaurants.
* Weighted percentage change, including hired farm labor.
10
Less than Ho of 1 percent.
« Includes automobile dealers and garages; and sand, gravel, and building stone.
»Includes banks, insurance, and office employment.
21
INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT IN PRINCIPAL METROPOLITAN AREAS
A comparison of employment and pay rolls in June and July 1939
is made in table 7 for 13 metropolitan areas each of which had a
population of 500,000 or over in 1930. Cities within these areas,
but having a population of 100,000 or over, are not included. Footnotes to the table specify which cities are excluded. Data concerning them have been prepared in a supplementary tabulation which
is available on request. The figures represent reports from cooperating establishments and cover both full- and part-time workers in
the manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries presented in
table 3, with the exception of building construction, and include also
miscellaneous industries.
Revisions made in the figures after they have gone to press, chiefly
because of late reports by cooperating firms, are incorporated in the
supplementary tabulation mentioned above. This supplementary
tabulation covers these 13 metropolitan areas as well as other metropolitan areas and cities having a population of 100,000 or more,
according to the 1930 Census of Population.
TABLE 7.—Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments in
June and July 1939, by Principal Cities—Metropolitan Areas
Metropolitan area
New York
i
Chicago 2
Philadelphia 3.
Detroit.. 4
Los Angeles _.
Number of Number on Percentage
establishchange
pay roll,
ments,
June
July 1939 from
July 1939
1939
13, 595
4, 294
2. 009
1,573
2, 863
575,035
413,758
195. 385
253, 407
149, 414
Cleveland..
St. Louis.._
Baltimore..
Boston fi
Pittsburgh.
1,004
1, 3(50
3,141
2,875
1, 055
104,892
110,41.0
104, 948
105, 532
101, 377
San Francisco 6_.
Buffalo
Milwaukee
1,513
745
1,004
76, 548
61, 521
93, 001
-2.5
-.5
Amount of
pay roll
(1 week),
July 1939
$15,591,816
11,577,134
5,279,218
8,100,333
4, 331, 283
-2.4
-.1
-.1
-9.3
-1.4
+.7
+1.7
+1.4
-1.8
2,759,212
2. 833, 300
2, 035, 251
4,115,973
4, 220, 700
-5.9
-.9
+1.3
+1.3
+.0
-1.4
-2.2
2,193,197
1,000,410
2, 535, 970
-3.7
-1.2
-4.0
,i
-io!o
—. 7
-2.6
12 Do3s not include Elizabeth, Jersey City, Newark, or Paterson, N. J., or Yonkers, N. Y.
Does not include Gary, Ind.
3 Does not include Camden, N. J.
*8 Does not include Long Beach, Calif.
Does not include Cambridge, Lynn, or Somerville, Mass.
6 Does not include Oakland, Calif.
170258—39
4
Percentage
change
from J une
1939
-6.3
22
Public Employment
Employment created by the Federal Government includes employment in the regular agencies of the Government, employment on the
various construction programs wholly or partially financed by Federal
funds, and employment on relief-work projects.
EXECUTIVE SERVICE OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
Statistics of employment and pay rolls for the executive service
of the Federal Government in June and July 1939 are given in table 8.
TABLE 8.—Employment and Pay Rolls for the Executive Service of the United States
Government, July and June 1939 l
[Subject to revision]
Pay rolls
Employment
Class
Entire service:
Total.
Regular appropriation . _._ .
P^mergency appropriation
Force-account (regular and
emergency)
July
June *
Percentage
change
927,887
925,982
+0.2
779,039
60,643
772,979
66,717
+.8
-9.1
120, 703, 575
8,073,910
120, 620, 380
8, 703, 644
+. 1
-7.2.
88,205
86, 286
+2.2
10.176,172
10,893.950
-6.6
-.9'
+.6
-12. a
-12.8
Inside the District of Columbia:
Total
Regular appropriation
Emergency appropriation
Force-account (regular and
emergency)
Outside the District of Columbia:
Total
Regular appropriation
...
Emergency a p p r o p r i a t i o n . . . .
Force-account (regular and
emergency)
'_.
July
June 2
$138, 953, 657 $140,217,974
Percentage
change
-o.a
123, 876
123,541
+.3
21,982, 813
22,179,112
108. 9,r)1
9,120
107, 736
10, 131
19, 729, 297
1,407,079
19,610.280
1, 598, 296
5,805
5,674
+1.1
-10.0
+2.3
846, 437
970,536
804, 011
802, 441
116,970,844
118,038,862
-.9
670,088
51, 523
665, 243
56, 586
100, 974. 278
6, 666, 831
101,010.100
7,105; 348
82, 400
80, 612
9, 329, 735
9, 923,414
(3)
-6.2
-6.0
+.2
+.7
-8.9
+2.2
* Data include number of employees receiving pay during the last pay period of the month.
i Revised.
' Less than Ho of 1 percent.
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS FINANCED BY THE PUBLIC WORKS
ADMINISTRATION
Details concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
during July on construction projects financed by Public Works
Administration funds are given in table 9, by type of project.
23
TABLE 9.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed From Public Works
Administration Funds, July 1939 1
[Subject to revision]
Wage earners
Type of project
Maximum
number
employed 2
Weekly
average
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Xumber of
man-hours Average
earnings
worked
per hour
during
month
Value of
material
oiders
placed
during
month
Federal projects financed from National Industrial Recovery Act funds
All projects
_
Building construction
Naval vessels4
Public roads
Reclamation
River, harbor, and flood control...
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
3 1, 254
1,148
$84, 247
145,187
$0. 580
$211,571
83
29
70
29
368
298
182
200
1
9. 485
3. 622
25, 201
32, 798
7, 758
5, 233
150
6, 977
3.912
44. 960
41,883
14, 431
32, 784
240
1. 359
.926
. 561
.783
. 538
.160
. 625
2,928
2,042
31,300
92, 329
28,818
54,154
0
(5)
337
227
209
1
Federal projects financed from Public Worl< s Administration
Appropriation \ c t 1938 funds
All projects
33,152
28,843
$3, 007, 595
3,373,315
$0.892
$3, 410,441
Airport construction (exclusive of
buildings)
Building construction
Electrification
Reclamation
River, harbor, and flood control .
Ship construction
Streets and roads
Wat er and sewerage
Miscellaneous
Professional, technical, and clerical
642
24, 662
844
2, 209
807
1, 255
433
476
915
607
21, 283
792
2, 012
664
1,082
371
429
867
49,014
2, 295, 954
66, 582
186, 993
85. 768
94,675
34,178
25.099
66, 714
86, 930
2, 428, 393
84,311
256, 009
94, 304
111,762
43, 579
35,158
94, 721
.564
.945
.790
.730
. 909
. S4.7
.784
.714
.704
108, 382
2, 704, 029
108, 329
130,184
127, 567
55, 776
67. 206
40. 506
59, 040
909
736
102,618
138,148
.743
9, 422
Non-Federal projects financed from National Industrial Recovery Act
funds
All projects 6 ...
4, 416
3383
$569,152
400, 289
$1,422
$673,973
Building construction •.
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
3,084
218
556
558
2.278
162
447
496
475, 367
7,618
56, 407
29, 760
281,930
13,339
41,2f;6
63,764
1. 686
.571
1.367
. 467
373, 963
30.080
53, 453
216, 477
Projects financed from Emergency Relief Appropriation Act 1935,
1936, and 1937 funds -
All projects
Building construction
Electrification
Heavy engineering
Reclamation
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage..
Miscellaneous
For footnotes see end of table.
16, 396
13, 864
$1, 509, 437
1,722,930
$0.876
$5,912,846
6,377
645
3 802
1, 538
612
3,422
0
5,189
542
3, 274
1, 444
514
2, 901
0
555,872
43. 542
382, 965
138.100
24.922
304, 036
0
568, 226
58.828
475.210
207.844
36, 346
376, 476
0
.978
.740
. 806
. 664
. 686
. 967
0
932,399
502, 360
2. 694, 357
62, 923
65, 504
476, 474
1,178,829
24
TABLE 9.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed From Public Works
Administration Funds, July 1939—Continued
Wage earners
Type of project
Maximum
number
employed
Weekly
average
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Number of
rnan-hours Average
earnings
worked
per hour
during;
month
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
Non-Federal projects financed from Public Works Administration
Appropriation Act 1938 funds
All projects. __
_
Building construction
Electrification
Heavy engineering
Reclamation
JUver, harbor, and flood control...
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
218, 583
182, 022 $17, 900, 923 20,090,127
$0.805
134, 580
2,337
10, 545
490
708
39, 274
30, 093
550
111,572 11,045,473 11, 804. 090
1,922
105,772
210. 098
9,187
1,381,410
1,241,307
392
35, 988
55, 504
012
00, 427
84, 009
32, 221 2,035,835
3, 801, 354
25, 050 2,540,130
3, 321, 979
400
35, 888
51,120
.931
.705
1.113
.048
.791
.083
.705
.702
$34,433. 798
1
1
Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency
doing force-account work.
1
Includes weekly average for public roads.
* Under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Public Roads.
3 Not available: weekly average included in total for all projects.
«Includes data for workers engaged in construction of a tunnel who, because of the additional risk
involved,
were paid at rates higher than those usually paid for building construction.
T
These data are also included in separate tables covering projects fmancedby The Works Program.
Construction projects financed by the Public Works Administration
are those projects authorized by title II of the National Industrial
Recovery Act of June 16, 1933. This program of public works was
extended to June 30, 1937, by the Emergency Relief Appropriation
Act of 1935 and title II of the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of
1936. The First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, cited as the
Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1936, reappropriated unobligated funds originally made available under the Emergency Relief
Appropriation Act of 1935 and authorized the use of $300,000,00)
from funds on hand or received from the sale of securities. The
Public Works Administration was continued until July 1, 1939, by
the Public Works Administration Extension Act of 1937 and the
Public Works Administration Appropriation Act of 1938 further continued the program to June 30, 1941. On July 1, 1939, pursuant to
the provisions of Reorganization Plan No. 1, the Public Works
Administration was transferred to the Federal Works Agency.
Federal construction projects for which data are included in table 9
are financed by allotments made by the Public Works Administration to the various agencies and departments of the Federal Government from funds provided under the National Industrial Recovery
Act. The major portion of the low-rent housing program of the
Public Works Administration, however, was financed by funds provided under the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935. Federal construction projects are also financed by allotments from funds
provided under the Public Works Administration Appropriation Act
25
of 1938. The work is performed either by commercial firms which
have been awarded contracts, or by day labor hired directly by the
Federal agencies.
Non-Federal projects are financed by allotments made by the
Public Works Administration from funds available under either the
National Industrial Recovery Act, the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935, the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936,
the Public Works Administration Extension Act of 1937, or the
Public Works Administration Appropriation Act of 1938. Most of
the allotments have been made to the States and their political
subdivisions, but occasionally allotments have been made to commercial firms. In financing projects for the States or their political
subdivisions from funds appropriated under the National Industrial
Recovery Act, the Public Works Administration makes a direct
grant of not more than 30 percent of the total labor and material
cost. When funds provided under the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935, the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936,
the Public Works Administration Extension Act of 1937, or the
Public Works Administration Appropriation Act of 1938 are used to
finance a non-Federal project, as much as 45 percent of the total
cost may be furnished in the form of a grant. The remaining 55 percent or more of the cost is financed by the recipient. When circumstances justify such action, the Public Works Administration may
provide the grantee with the additional funds by means of a loan.
Allotments to commercial enterprises are made only as loans. All
loans made by the Public Works Administration carry interest
charges and have a definite date of maturity. Collateral posted with
the Public Works Administration to secure loans may be offered for
sale to the public. In this way a revolving fund is provided which
enlarges the scope of the activities of the Public Works Administration.
Commercial loans have been made, for the most part, to railroads.
Railroad work financed by loans made by the Public Works Administration falls under three headings: First, construction work in the
form of electrification, the laying of rails and ties, repairs to buildings, bridges, etc.; second, the building and repairing of locomotives
and passenger and freight cars in shops operated by the railroads;
and third, locomotive and passenger- and freight-car building in
commercial shops.
UNITED STATES HOUSING AUTHORITY
The United States Housing Authority was created by Public, No.
412, Seventy-fifth Congress, approved September 1, 1937 as a corporate body of the Department of the Interior for the purpose of assisting the States and their political subdivisions in remedying the unsafe
26
and insanitary housing conditions and the acute shortage of decent,
safe, and sanitary dwellings for families of low income, and in alleviating present and recurring unemployment.
Executive Order No. 7732, dated October 27, 1937, transferred to
the Authority all the housing and slum-clearance projects of the
Federal Emergency Administration of Public Works and all assets,
contracts, records, applications, libraries, research materials, and
other property held in connection with such projects or with the
housing or slum-clearance activities of the Public Works Administration, together with the unexpended balance of funds allocated to the
Public Works Administration for the construction of any housing or
slum-clearance projects. This executive order was modified by
Executive Order No. 7839, dated March 12, 1938, under which the
two Puerto Rico projects were transferred to the Puerto Rico Reconstruction Administration. The President's Reorganization Plan
No. 1, effective July 1, 1939, transferred the U. S. Housing Authority
from the Department of the Interior to the Federal Works Agency.
Table 10 shows data for July 1939 on projects of the U. S. Housing
Authority. These figures pertain only to new projects under the
U. S. Housing Authority and not to those formerly under the Public
Works Administration.
TABLE 10.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Low-Rent Housing Projects Operated by
the United States Housing Authority, July 1939
[Subject to revision]
Employment
Geographic division
Maximum
number
employed l
Six divisions
Middle Atlantic
East North Central
West North Central
South Atlantic
East South Central
West South Central
1
_.
Weekly
average
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Number of
man-hours
worked
during
month
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
13,020
10,837
$1,426,123
1,310,345
$1,088
$2,726,126
7,262
1, 730
269
1, 539
1,337
883
6,252
1,440
159
1,244
1,084
658
981,768
177,835
16. 387
99,027
102,345
48,761
771,659
169,496
19, 268
151,362
128, 268
70, 292
1.272
1.049
.850
. 654
.798
.694
1,666,932
325, 360
22,706
306,148
186,736
218,244
Maximum employed during any 1 week of the month.
THE WORKS PROGRAM
By authority of Public Resolution No. 11, Seventy-fourth Congress,
approved April 8, 1935, the President, in a series of Executive orders,
inaugurated a broad program of work to be carried out by 61 units
of the Federal Government. The Works Program was continued by
title II of the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, cited as the
Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1936, and was further continued by the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1937. The
program was extended to June 30, 1939, by the Emergency Relief
Appropriation Act of 1938 and to June 30, 1940, by the Emergency
27
Relief Appropriation Act of 1939. Employment created by this
program includes employment on Federal projects and employment
on projects operated by the Work Projects Administration. In
accordance with the provisions of Reorganization Plan No. 1, effective
July 1, 1939, the name of this agency was changed from Works
Progress Administration to Work Projects Administration and it
became a part of the Federal Works Agency. Federal projects are
those conducted by Federal agencies which have received allotments
from the Work Projects Administration. Projects operated by the
Work Projects Administration are those projects conducted under the
supervision of that agency with the cooperation of States, cities, or
counties.
A record of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
projects financed by the Work Projects Administration in July is
shown in table 11, by type of project.
TABLE 11.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by the Work Projects
Administration9 July 1939 l
[Subject to revision]
Wage earners
Maximum
Weekly
number average
employed
Type of project
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Number of
man-hours
worked
during
month
Average
earnings
per
hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
Federal projects
All projects
_
Airport construction (exclusive of
buildings)
Build ing construction
Electrification
Forestry 3
•Grade-crossing elimination 45
Hydroelectric power plants
Plant, 3 crop, and livestock conservation
Professional, 4technical, and clerical
Public roads
Reclamation
River, harbor, and flood control
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
M09,851
155,623
$6,058, 225
14, 553,049
$0.416
$849, 768
204
65, 3G0
95
17,376
1,043
137
204
61,220
89
15,842
863
127
12,097
2,113,505
5, 597
730, 290
58,783
5,099
26,312
4,484,061
14,175
1,818,442
108, 274
14,924
.460
.471
. 395
.402
.543
.342
1,811
306, 637
174
130,633
65,704
11,138
17,682
16,766
5, 944
580
36, 603
1,212
8, 669
1,475
6,029
882, 232
378, 945
43, 488
1,347, 596
52,048
212,799
14,613
201,133
2,172,112
616, 171
70, 603
3, 594, 330
88,848
904, 383
51.304
589,110
.406
.615
.616
.375
.586
. 235
. 285
.341
14,158
13,836
87,968
105, 677
22, 382
23,066
2, 973
63,611
C, 1.53
690
37,103
2,030
12,073
2,104 '
7, 771
Projects operated by Work Projects Administration
All projects.
7
2,143, 593
$119,637,011
260,219,185
6
$0. 460
1
2
Unless otherwise noted data are for the month ending on the loth.
Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency
doing force-account work.
3
The data for the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, under plant, crop, and livestock conservation,
and the Bureau o! Forest Service, under forestry, are for the calendar month.
4
These data are for projects under the jurisdiction of the Public Roads Administration.
5
These
data
are for projects under construction in Puerto Rico.
c
Data are for the calendar month. Not available by type of project.
7
Represents
number
of names on pay roll for week ending July 29, 1939.
8
Data on a monthly basis are not available.
Table 12 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked for
the second quarter of 1939 on projects operated by the Works Progress
Administration, by type of project.
28
TABLE 12.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Operated by the Works Progress
Administration, by Type of Project for the Second Quarter of 1939
[Subject to revision]
Type of project
All projects
_ _ .
Conservation
. . .
Highway, road, and street
Professional, technical,
and clerical
2
Public buildings
Publicly owned or operated utilities
Recreational facilities 3
Sanitation and health
Sewing, canning, and gardening, etc.
Transportation
Not elsewhere classified
_._
..._
employed1
Number
Pay-roll
disbursements
Number of
man-hours
worked
2,438,255
$420,483,653
833,704, 793
$0.504
103,379
1,040,496
315,448
224,885
228.017
172,868
47,355
211,277
47,270
47, 260
18.014,239
160,910.419
66,634.363
40,871,147
42,662,317
32,415,538
7,528,180
31,966, 535
10,190, 760
9,290,155
35,139.526
356,766,317
115.851.271
65,211,248
77,052. 621
55,133,389
18,890,996
79,266,134
13, 585,398
16,807,893
.513
. 451
.575
.627
.554
.588
.399
.403
.750
.553
Average
earnings
per hour
1
Data arc for the week ending June 24, 1939.
> Separate data for housing projects are not available.
Exclusive of buildings.
1
Employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on work projects
of the National Youth Administration from the beginning of the
program in January 1936 to July 1939, inclusive, are shown in table
13. Similar data for Student Aid are shown from September 1935y
the starting date, to July 1939, inclusive.
TABLE 13.—Employment and Pay Rolls on National Youth Administration Projects,
From the Beginning of Program Through July 1939 *
[Subject to revision]
Year and month
Number
of persons employed
Pay-roll
disbursements
Number of
man-hours
worked
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
Work projects
January 1936 to July 1939, inclusive..
January to December 1936..
January to December 1937..
January to December 1938..
January 1939
February 1939
March 1939...
._.
April 1939
May 1939
June 1939
July 1939
237,468
241,623
234,918
227.113
223.892
212,607
207,357
$131,482,604
363,577,715
28,883,589
32,663,342
41, 558,174
4,346,711
4,456,772
4, 437. 479
4,332, 530
4,271,347
3,962. 582
2,570,078
75,827, 799
874.242,108
117,910,943
12,637.013
13,061,419
12,918,481
12, 455,047
12, 267,080
11,224,825
8,033,000
$0.362 »$16,636,992'
.381
.374
.352
.344
.341
.343
.348
.348
.353
.320
SIndent Aid
September 1935 to July 1939, inclusive.
September to December 1935.
January to December 1936
January to December 1937
January to December 1938
January 1939
February 1939
March 1939
April 1939
May 1939
June 1939
July 1939*
370,183
376.209
378,692
383.344
372,885
281,116
$90,387,400
306,993,490
$0. 294
6,363,503
25,914,836
24,368, 503
19,681,126
2, 252,755
2,424,409
2,443,022
2,495,400
2,499,574
1,941,272
19,612.976
85,517,290
83,874,409
68,750,836
7,952,452
8. 577,299
8,621637
8, 813,497
8, 737,676
6,532,418
.324
.303
.291
.2H6
.283
.283
. 283
.283
. 286
.298
i Data arc for a calendar month.
* Data on a monthly basis are not available. This total represents expenditures through March 31, 1939,
and includes rentals and services and some sponsors' contributions.
» No expenditures for materials on this type of project.
4
Student Aid program not in operation.
29
CIVILIAN CONSERVATION CORPS
The Civilian Conservation Corps was created by an act of Congress
approved June 28, 1937, and succeeded the Emergency Conservation
Work which had been set up in April 1933. On July 1, 1939, the Civilian Conservation Corps lost its status as an independent agency and
was transferred to the Federal Security Agency.
Employment and pay-roll data for the Civilian Conservation Corps
are collected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics from the War Department, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Commerce,
and the Department of the Interior. The monthly pay of the enrolled
personnel is $30 per month. Assistant leaders, not to exceed 10
percent of the total number of enrollees, may receive up to $36 per
month, and leaders, not to exceed 6 percent, may receive up to $45
per month.
Employment and pay rolls in the Civilian Conservation Corps in
June and July 1939 are presented in table 14.
TABLE 14.—Employment and Pay Rolls in the Civilian Conservation Corps, June and
July 1939 1
[Subject to revision]
Number of employees
Group
All groups
Enrolled personnel 2
Reserve officers
._
_
Educational advisers 3
Supervisory and technical 3
_
_
_ _
Amount of pay rolls
June
July
322.058
281,661
4,413
207
1,593
31,094
July
302,339
264, 532
4,779
312
1,576
31,140
$14,459,934
8,854,417
1,183,861
35 199
266,419
4,120,038
June
$14,132,205
8, 276,996
1,114,824
32 662
267,694
4, 440,029
1 Data on number of employees refer to employment on last day of month. Amount of payrolls are for
the entire month.
2 July data include 4,002 enrollees and pay roll of $87,004 outside continental United States; in June the
corresponding figures wore 3,898 enrollees and pay roll of $88,189.
»Included in executive service, table 2.
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS FINANCED BY RECONSTRUCTION FINANCE
CORPORATION
Statistics of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation in July are presented in table 15, by type of project.
TABLE 15.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by the Reconstruction
Finance Corporation, by Type of Project, July 1939 *
[Subject to revision]
Maximum
number of
wage
earners 2
Type of project
All projects.—
_Building construction 3 _.
Water and sewerage
_ ._
_ _.
2,470
1,854
616
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
$266,391
102, 350
104, 041
Number of
man-hours
worked
during
month
324,111
212,322
111,789
Average
earnings
per hour
$0.822
. 765
.931
Value of
material
orders
placed during month
$391,766
345,242
46,524
i Data arc for the month ending on the 15th.
1
Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor.
* Includes 639 employees; pay-roll disbursements of $59,636; 72,176 man-hours worked, and material orderi
placed of $47,530 on projects financed by the 1\YC Mortgage Co.
30
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS FINANCED FROM REGULAR FEDERAL
APPROPRIATIONS
When a construction contract is awarded or force-account work is
started by a department or agency of the Federal Government, the
Bureau of Labor Statistics is immediately notified, on forms supplied
by the Bureau, of the name and address of the contractor, the amount
of the contract, and the type of work to be performed. Blanks are
then mailed by the Bureau to the contractor or Government agency
doing the work. These reports are returned to the Bureau and show
the number of men on pay rolls, the amounts disbursed for pay, the
number of man-hours worked on the project, and the value of the
different types of materials for which orders were placed during the
month.
Data concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
construction projects financed from regular Federal appropriations
during July are given in table 16, by type of project.
TABLE 16.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Construction Projects Financed From
Regular Federal Appropriations, by Type of Project, July 1939 1
[Subject to revision]
Number of wage
earners
Type of project
All projects
Building construction.
Electrification:
Rural Electrification
Administration projects A
Other than It. E. A. projectsForestry
Heavy engineering._
Public roads 5
Reclamation
River, harbor, and ilood control:
Dredging, dikes, revetments,
etc
Locks and dams
Ship construction:
Naval vessels. _
Other than naval vessels
Streets and roads
Water and se werage
Miscellaneous
3 265,168
Value of
of Average material
Monthly Number
man-hours earnings
orders
pay-roll dis- worked
bursements ing m o ndurt h per hour placed during month
$25,776, 242
35, 208, 444
;0. 732
$36,801,737
16, 224
12, 952
1,315,010
1, 431,085
.919
2, 331,980
14,008
54
206
227
(6)
19,701
11, 640
44
141
210
97, 403
18, 932
751,083
3, 605
5,489
33,927
7, 623,086
2, 780, 399
1,555,918
4,073
111,111
25,033
12, 543, 858
3,050,169
.483
.885
.494
1.355
.608
.912
3, 262, 505
6,512
411
79,129
12, 661,180
3, 157, 430
30,967
10, 368
26, 697
9,361
2,864, 357
1,219,227
4,375,311
1, 620, 515
.655
.752
2, 825, 788
1, 710, 462
55,991
15, 081
2,920
418
1,000
54,665
14, 341
2, 693
347
881
7, 272, 451
1,636,670
185,209
26, 338
59, 391
8,180,738
1,945, 758
340,155
37, 692
87,028
.841
.544
6,352,412
4,098,096
231, 230
32, 513
52, 089
250,
307
* Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
i Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor, and Government
agency
doing force-account work.
8
Includes weekly average for public-road projects.
* Financed by Rural Electrification Administration loans.
* Under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Public Roads.
•Not available, weekly average included in the total for all projects.
31
STATE-ROADS PROJECTS
A record of employment and pay-roll disbursements in the construction and maintenance of roads financed wholly from State or
local funds in July 1939, compared with June 1939 and July 1938, is
presented in table 17.
T A B L E 17.—Employment
and Pay
Roils on Construction and
Maintenance
of State
Roads, July 1939, June 1939, and July 1938 *
[Subject to revision]
Number of employees 2
Item
1
July 1939,! June 1939 July 1938
1
Pay-roll disbursements
July 1939 j June 1939
Total
140,202 j 141,750
199,470 $10,521,530 $10,743,330
New roads
Maintenance
20,045 | 20,17V
120,157 j 121,573
30,504
108,900
1,310,890 | 1,417,300
9,210,040 ! 9,320,030
July 1938
$12,982,940
1,940,490
11,042, 450
1 Data are for the month ending on the 15th and are for projects financed wholly from State or localfunds
* Average number working during month.
O
@FedFRASER