Full text of Employment and Payrolls : July 1936
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Serial N o. R . 434
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Frances Perkins, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Isador Lubin, Commissioner
Employment and Pay Rolls
+
July 1936
+
Prepared by
Division of Employment Statistics
Lew is E. T a l b e r t , Chief
and
Division of Construction and Public Employment
H e r m a n B. B yer, Chief
UNITED STATES
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON : 1936
CONTENTS
Summary of employment reports for July 1936:
Industrial and business employment_________________________________
Public employment___________________________________________________
Detailed reports for July 1936:
Industrial and business employment_____________________ ___________
Public employment___________________________________________________
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1.— Employment, pay rolls, and weekly earnings in all manufac
turing industries combined and in nonmanufacturing indus
tries, July 1936______________________________ ______________
2.— Summary of Federal employment and pay rolls, June and
July 1936 - __________ — _______- ____ - _____ - ________ _
3.— Employment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings in manufacturing
and nonmanufacturing industries, July 1936______ ________
4.— Revised indexes of employment and pay rolls in manufactur
ing industries______________________________________________
5.— Revised average weekly earnings, average hours worked per
week, and average hourly earnings in automobiles, electricand steam-railroad cars, and locomotives________________ _
6.— Indexes of employment and pay rolls in all manufacturing
industries combined and in the durable- and nondurablegoods groups, January 1935 to July 1936__________________
7.— Indexes of employment and pay rolls in selected nonmanu
facturing industries, January 1935 to July 1936----------------8.— Comparison of employment and pay rolls in identical estab
lishments in June and July 1936, by geographic divisions
and by States______________________________________________
9.— Comparison of employment and pay rolls in identical estab
lishments in June and July 1936, by principal cities_______
10.— Employment in the executive branches of the Federal Gov
ernment, July 1935 and June and July 1936---------------------11.— Monthly record of employment in the executive departments
of the Federal Government from July 1935 to July 1936,
inclusive_____________________________________________ _____
12.— Employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on construc
tion projects financed by Public Works Administration
funds, July 1936, by type of project----------------------------------13.— Summary of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
on construction projects financed by Public Works Admin
istration funds from July 1933 to July 1936, inclusive_____
14.— Employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on projects
financed by The Works Program, July 1936, by type of
project____ _________________________________________________
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4
7
8
14
15
16
18
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
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15.— Employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on projects
financed by The Works Program from the beginning of
the program in July 1935 to July 1936, inclusive__________
16.— Employment and pay rolls in emergency conservation work,
June and July 1936_________________________________________
17.— Employment and pay rolls on the emergency conservation
program from July 1935 to July 1936, inclusive___________
18.— Employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on construc
tion projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Cor
poration, July 1936, by type of project____________________
19.— Summary of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
on construction projects financed by the Reconstruction
Finance Corporation from July 1935 to July 1936,
inclusive____________________________________________________
20.— Employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on construc
tion projects financed from regular governmental appro
priations, July 1936, by type of project____________________
21.— Employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on construc
tion projects financed from regular governmental appro
priations from July 1935 to July 1936, inclusive___________
22.— Employment and pay-roll disbursements in the construction
and maintenance of State roads from July 1935 to July
1936, inclusive------ ---------- -----------------------------------------------------
27
28
28
29
29
30
31
31
EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS
Summary of Reports for July 1936
M PLO YM EN T gains from June to July in 52 of the 90 manu
facturing industries surveyed and 9 of the 16 nonmanufacturing
industries offset the declines in the remaining industries sufficiently
to result in a net contraseasonal gain of 2,500 workers.
Pay-roll gains in 40 manufacturing industries and 6 nonmanufac
turing industries were not sufficient, however, to prevent a decline of
approximately $2,200,000 in weekly wage disbursements. The net
pay-roll decline was due largely to inventory taking, repairs, and vaca
tions, but was less than the usual sharp recessions in July.
Class I railroads also had more employees on their pay rolls in
July than in June according to preliminary reports of the Interstate
Commerce Commission.
Public-employment reports for July showed substantial gains in
employment on construction projects financed from regular govern
mental appropriations and by the Reconstruction Finance Corpora
tion. A moderate increase in the number of workers employed in
July compared with the previous month occurred on the emergency
conservation program.
E
Industrial and Business Employment
A slight increase in employment from June to July was shown in the
combined manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries surveyed,
but weekly pay rolls showed a decline of approximately $2,200,000,
due largely to inventory taking, repairs, vacations, and the Fourth
of July holiday.
Although the employment gain amounted to only 2,500 workers, it
was significant because it was a continuation of the expansion that
had been shown each month since March and was in contrast to the
sharp recessions usually shown in July. The pay-roll decline w^as also
significant in that it was much smaller than the decreases usually
reported at this season of the year. A comparison with July 1935
shows nearly 1,000,000 more workers on the pay rolls of these indus
tries in the current month and approximately $42,000,000 more in
weekly wage disbursements.
Factory employment showed a contraseasonal increase of 0.9 per
cent from June to July, continuing the succession of gains which had
been shown each month since January. The July employment index
(1 )
2
(86.8) is higher than that for any month since October 1930. Factory
pay rolls fell 1.1 percent. During the preceding 17 years for which
information is available, 1919 to 1935, decreases in employment and
pay rolls from June to July have predominated, gains in employment
having been shown in only 3 years (1919, 1929, and 1933), and in
pay rolls in only 2 years (1919 and 1933). It may be added that the
pay-roll decrease this year was smaller than the decline in July of any
of these preceding years, due in part to the spread in the practice of
granting vacations with pay. With the exception of the 2 months
immediately preceding, the index of factory pay rolls for July (77.8)
is higher than that of any month since October 1930.
Employment in the nondurable-goods group of manufacturing in
dustries advanced 1.9 percent to 94.4 percent of the 1923-25 level,
but the durable-goods group showed a decline of 0.3 percent, the
employment index standing at 79.7 compared with 100 for the 3-year
period 1923-25. With the exception of June 1936, the durable-goods
employment index was higher than that of any month since Septem
ber 1930.
Fifty-two of the ninety manufacturing industries surveyed showed
gains in employment and 40 showed increased pay rolls. The in
creases in employment in July in several of the industries raised the
employment levels to the highest points recorded in any month since
1930. Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills reported more
workers in July than in any month since July 1930 and employment
in foundries and machine shops exceeded all levels since August 1930.
Employment in the machine-tool industry was above the level of any
month since December 1930. In the petroleum refining industry,
employment was higher in July than in any month since October 1930
and in the electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies industry above
the level of any month since June 1931. The cast-iron pipe, steam
fittings, structural metalwork, brick, and aluminum industries em
ployed the largest number of workers since the latter months of 1931.
The most pronounced employment gains between June and July
were seasonal in character. Canning and preserving firms reported
an increase of 37.7 percent over the month interval. The beverage
industry showed a gain of 10.5 percent and beet-sugar establishments
an increase of 9.2 percent. Employment in the cottonseed oil-cakemeal industry showed a gain of 8.7 percent and the flour industry
increased the number of its workers by 7.4 percent. The type
writer industry showed a gain of 14.7 percent in employment and the
slaughtering and meat-packing and the locomotive industries reported
gains of 5.9 percent. A gain of 4.7 percent was shown by reports
received from establishments in the ice-cream industry and an increase
of 4.6 percent was reported by rubber boot and shoe firms.
3
Other increases in employment in industries of major importance
were 6.7 percent in boots and shoes; 4.4 percent in furniture; 4.0
percent in silk and rayon; 3.7 percent in structural metalwork; 3.1
percent in petroleum refining; 3.3 percent in chemicals; 3.1 percent in
blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills; 3.0 percent in cotton
goods; 2.4 percent in men's clothing; 2.3 percent in electrical machin
ery; 1.2 percent in woolen and worsted goods; 1.3 percent in book and
job printing; and 1.3 percent in foundries and machine shops. The
gain of 2.0 percent in the machine-tool industry continued the succes
sion of increases which had been shown each month since October
1934.
Seasonal influences caused sharp recessions in employment between
June and July in a number of industries. The millinery industry
reported a decrease in employment of 12.6 percent; agricultural im
plements, 10.7 percent; women's clothing, 8.3 percent; confectionery,
2.5 percent; and stoves, 3.5 percent. The automobile industry
showed a decline of 4.1 percent in employment coupled with a decrease
of 7.1 percent in pay rolls. Other industries in which substantial
declines were reported were silverware and plated ware, 14.2 percent;
engines-tractors-turbines, 5.4 percent; electric- and steam-car build
ing, 5.2 percent; lighting equipment, 4.0 percent; and cutlery and
edge tools, 3.8 percent.
Nine of the sixteen nonmanufacturing industries had more em
ployees on their pay rolls in July than in June and six showed larger
pay rolls. The gain of 1 percent in employment in wholesale trade
represented the return to work of approximately 13,000 persons; and
increases of 1.4 percent in telephones and telegraphs, 1.5 percent in
light and power, and 0.9 percent in electric-railroad and motorbus
operation and maintenance were equivalent to an estimated gain of
11,000 workers. The 3.7-percent advance in laundry employment
indicated the addition of over 7,500 workers to laundry pay rolls,
and the remaining 4 nonmanufacturing industries which showed gains
in employment (quarrying, crude-petroleum producing, insurance,
and private building construction) added approximately 7,000 workers
to their rolls. These gains, however, were not sufficient to offset the
declines in the remaining industries. The 2.7-percent shrinkage in
number of workers in retail trade was seasonal and indicated 90,000
less employees in retail stores. Anthracite mining showed a decline
in employment of 5.6 percent or 4,000 workers, and the remaining 5
nonmanufacturing industries accounted for an additional decrease of
4,500 in number of workers.
Preliminary reports of the Interstate Commerce Commission showed
1,072,780 workers (exclusive of executives and officials) employed by
class I railroads in July as compared with 1,065,548 in June. This
indicated a gain of 0.7 percent. Corresponding pay-roll data for
July were not available at the time this report was prepared. The
4
total compensation of all employees except executives and officials
was $145,726,645 in June and $144,819,909 in May, the gain over the
month interval being 0.6 percent. The Commission's preliminary
indexes of employment based on the 3-year average 1923-25 as 100,
were 60.7 for July and 60.3 for June. The final May index was 59.8.
Hours and earnings.— Average hours worked per week in the
manufacturing industries surveyed were 1.7 percent lower in July
than in June, the July figure standing at 38.5. Average hourly
earnings fell 0.4 percent to 57.2 cents, and average weekly earnings
dropped 2.1 percent to $22.40.
Table 1.— Employment, Pay Rolls, and Weekly Earnings in All Manufacturing
Industries Combined and in Nonmanufacturing Industries, July 1936
Employment
Industry
A ll manufacturing indus
tries com bined........ ..........
Class I steam railroads 1___
Coal mining:
Anthracite____________
B itum inous, _ ________
Metalliferous mining______
Quarrying and nonmetallic
m ining. _ __________ . . .
Crude-petroleum produc
ing 3-------------------------------Public utilities:
Telephone and tele
graph----- ------- ---------Electric light and power
and manufactured gas.
Electric-railroad and
motorbus operation
and maintenance____
Trade:
W holesale_______ ____
Retail-------------------------General merchan
dising.....................
Other than general
merchandising.. .
Hotels (year-round) *______
L a u n d ries............. ................
Dyeing and cleaning______
B rokerage.................. ..........
Insurance_________________
Building construction_____
Index
July
1936
Percentage
change from—
Index
July
1936
Aver
age in
July
1936
Percentage
change from—
July
1935
- 1 .1
+20.1
$22.39
-2 .1
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
-1 1 .4
+ 1 .9
-4 .5
-.9
+74.4
+48.0
22.37
21.02
23.38
-6 .1
+ 2 .2
-3 .4
+ 1 .3
+ 6 1 .8
+ 9 .3
43.9
-.4
+27.5
20.24
- 2 .1
+ 19 .2
60.7
+ 3 .0
+ 1 .2
29.26
+•6
+ 3 .9
July
1935
+ 0 .9
+ 8 .9
+ .7
+ 6 .5
-5 .6
-.4
- 1 .1
- 2 .1
+ 7 .8
+35.5
(2)
(1929=
100)
37.2
62.6
46.1
54.4
+ 1 .8
+ 6 .9
75.4
+ 2 .4
- 2 .5
60.7
(1929=
100)
48.4
75.5
61.3
Percentage
change from—
June
1936
June
1936
(1923-25
=100)
86.8
Average weekly earnings
Pay roll
(1923-25
= 100)
77.8
June
1936
July
1935
+ 10 .2
(2)
73.1
+ 1 .4
+ 4 .0
79.9
+ 3 .3
+ 5 .6
29.18
+ 1 .8
+ 1 .5
91.7
+ 1 .5
+ 8 .2
89.8
+ 1 .8
+10.1
31.74
+ .4
+ 1 .9
72.4
+ .9
+ 1 .4
66.5
-.5
+ 4 .8
29.88
- 1 .4
+ 3 .5
85.4
83.2
+ 1 .0
-2 .7
+ 4 .0
+ 4 .9
69.0
65.1
+ .8
- 1 .9
+ 6 .8
+ 7 .6
28.74
21.43
-.1
+ .8
+ 2 .7
+ 2 .6
90.7
-5 .9
+ 6 .1
77.3
- 4 .9
+ 7 .4
18.48
+ .9
+ 1 .1
81.2
83.3
90.5
85.5
(2)
(2)
(2)
-1 .7
-.8
+ 3 .7
- 2 .3
(5)
+ .3
+ .8
+ 4 .6
+ 3 .7
+ 7 .2
+ 4 .6
+21.1
+. 4
+20.7
62.6
66.0
79.0
64.8
(2)
(2)
(2)
-1 .2
- .9
+ 4 .2
- 6 .4
-.4
-.2
-.2
+ 7 .7
+ 6 .3
+11.5
+ 5 .4
+ 28.9
+ 1 .2
+34.8
23.57
13. 96
'16. 26
18.62
37. 45
37. 99
27.04
+ .5
-.1
+ .5
- 4 .2
-.4
-.4
-1 .0
+ 3 .0
+ 2 .6
+ 3 .9
+. 8
+ 6 .4
+. 8
+ 12 .0
1 Preliminary—Source: Interstate Commerce Commission.
2 N ot available.
3 Data for March, April, M ay, and June 1936, revised as follows:
M arch employment index, 70.9; percentage change from February, +0.1; from Miarch 1935, —4.2; pay-roll
index, 56.0; percentage change from February, +0.5; from March 1935, —0.1; average weekly earnings, $29.79;
percentage change from February, +0.4; from March 1935, +4.4.
April employment index. 71.3; percentage change from March, +0.6; from April 1935, —4.7; pay-roll
index, 57.1; percentage change from March, +1.9; from April 1935, +0.7; average weekly earnings, $29.98;
percentage change from March, +1.3; from April 1935, +5.7.
M a y employment index, 72.7; percentage change from April, + 2.0; from M a y 1935, —4.4; pay-roll index,
58.0; percentage change from April, +1.6; from M ay 1935, +0.3; average weekly earnings, $29.53; percentage
change from April, —0.4; from M ay 1935, +4.7.
June employment index, 73.7; percentage change from M ay, +1.3; from June 1935, —3.9; pay-roll index,
58.9; percentage change from M ay, +1.6; from June 1935, —0.4; average weekly earnings, $29.65; percentage
change from M ay, +0.3; from June 1935, +3.5.
4 Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be com puted.
6 Less than 1/10 of 1 percent.
5
Only 3 of the 14 nonmanufacturing industries for which man-hour
data are compiled showed gains in average hours worked per week
and 7 showed increased hourly rates. Six of the sixteen nonmanufac
turing industries covered showed increased average weekly earnings.
Table 1 presents a summary of employment and pay-roll indexes and
average weekly earnings in July 1936 for all manufacturing industries
combined, for selected nonmanufacturing industries, and for class I
railroads, with percentage changes over the month and year intervals
except in the few industries for which certain items cannot be com
puted. The indexes of employment and pay rolls for the manufactur
ing industries are based on the 3-year average 1923-25 as 100 and for
the nonmanufacturing industries, on the 12-month average for 1929 as
100.
Public Employment
More than 347,000 workers were employed on construction projects
financed from Public Works Administration funds in July, a decrease
of 0.6 percent compared with the 350,000 employed in June. The
gain of over 11,000 in the number of employees working on nonFederal construction projects financed from funds provided by the
Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935 was offset by losses in
employment on Federal and non-Federal projects financed from funds
provided by the National Industrial Recovery Act. Total pay-roll
disbursements for July, however, amounted to $25,969,000, an increase
of 0.5 percent over June.
Employment on projects financed from regular governmental ap
propriations registered a substantial gain in July as compared with
the previous month. The 126,000 employees in July represented an
increase of 23.2 percent over June. The most marked gains occurred
in the construction of naval vessels, public roads, and river, harbor,
and flood control. Pay-roll disbursements for the month amounted
to $12,425,000, an increase of 44.0 percent over June.
Construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance
Corporation employed 9,843 workers in July, an increase of 16.0
percent over the 8,501 employed in June. All types of projects
showed gains in the number of persons employed. Total pay-roll
disbursements of $1,064,000 were 13.0 percent greater than in June.
In July employment on projects financed by The Works Program
was somewhat below the level of the previous month. The number
of workers engaged on this program in July was 150,000 less than in
June. On Federal projects employment totaled 452,000, a decrease
of 0.3 percent compared with June. Employment on projects
operated by the Works Progress Administration decreased from
2,561,000 in June to 2,412,000 in July. Total pay-roll disbursements
of $145,474,000 were $5,406,000 less than in June.
92003s— 36--------2
6
Increases were reported in the number of persons employed in the
executive, legislative, and military branches of the Federal Govern
ment, but a decrease occurred in the judicial service. In the Execu
tive service employment increased less than 1 percent in July com
pared with the previous month. The level of employment, however,
was 12.9 percent higher in July 1936 than in July 1935. Of the
831.000 employees in the executive service in July, 116,000 were
employed in the District of Columbia and 715,000, outside the
District. The most pronounced increase in employment in the
executive branch of the Federal Government in July occurred in the
War Department. Substantial gains were also reported in the Post
Office Department, the Treasury Department, the Interior Depart
ment, and the Tennessee Valley Authority. On the other hand, there
were appreciable decreases in the number of employees in the Re
settlement Administration, the Veterans’ Administration, and the
Department of Commerce.
Employment in emergency conservation work (Civilian Conserva
tion Corps) in July totaled over 404,000, an increase of 21,000 com
pared with June. Employment gains were shown for all groups of
employees with the exception of supervisory and technical workers.
Pay-roll disbursements for the month increased $449,000 compared
with June pay-roll disbursements.
During the month 186 700 workers, the highest level of employment
recorded since October 1935, were employed on the construction and
maintenance of State roads. Of the 186,700 workers employed in
July, 12.0 percent were working on the construction of new roads and
88.0 percent on maintenance work. Total pay-roll disbursements
amounted to $11,839,000 in July compared with $11,488,000 in the
previous month.
A summary of Federal employment and pay-roll statistics for July
is presented in table 2.
7
Table 2 •— Summary of Federal Employment and Pay Rolls, July 1936
[Preliminary figures]
Employment
Class
July
Federal service:
Executive K____ _________________
Judicial............. ...............................
Legislative........................................
M ilitary........ ................................. .
Construction projects:
Financed b y P. W . A .....................
Financed b y R . F. C ......................
Financed b y regular govern
mental appropriations.................
The W orks Program: «
Federal projects...............................
Projects operated b y W . P . A ___
Relief work: Emergency conservation
work.......................................................
June
P ay roll
Per
centage
change
July
June
Per
centage
change
+ 0 .8 $128,218,707 3 $129,467,175
469,743
494,414
- 4 .1
1,187,815
1,202,281
+ 1 .9
22,041,326
23,464, 766
+ .6
-1 .0
+ 5 .3
+ 1 .2
+ 6 .5
* 25,840,926
7 941,680
+ .5
+13.0
2 830,861
1,867
5,137
299,314
824, 626
1,947
5,043
297,433
* 347,346
6 9,843
« 349,572
7 8,501
-.6
+15.8
* 25,968,991
6 1,063, 728
126,176
102,376
+23.2
12,424, 667
8,631,104
+44.0
451, 570
2,412,462
453,012
2, 561,307
-.3
- 5 .8
22, 699, 760
122, 774,427
22, 657, 507
128,222,740
+ .2
-4 .2
9 404,422
383,279
+ 5 .5
918,417,986 3 io 17,969,256
+ 2 .5
1 Data concerning number of wage earners refer to employment on last day of month specified. Includes
employees of Columbia Institution for the Deaf and Howard University.
2 Includes 919 employees b y transfer previously reported as separations b y transfer not actual additions
fo r July.
3 Revised.
* Includes 188,076 wage earners and $12,277,476 payroll covering P. W . A . projects financed from E /R .
A . A . 1935 funds.
6 Includes 176,184 wage earners and $11,435,825 pay roll covering P. W . A . projects financed from E. R.
A. A . 1935 funds.
6 Includes 280 employees and pay roll of $19,663 on projects financed b y R . F. C. Mortgage Co.
7 Includes 157 employees and pay roll of $13,265 on projects financed b y R . F. C. Mortgage Co.
8 Data covering P. W . A. projects financed from E. R. A . A . 1935 funds are not included in The Works
Program and are shown only under P. W . A.
6 41,507 employees and pay roll of $5,676,556 included in executive service.
42,035 employees and pay roll of $5,877,050 included in executive service.
Detailed Reports for July 1936
Industrial and Business Employment
O N THLY reports on employment and pay rolls in industrial and
business industries are now available for the following groups:
90 manufacturing industries; 16 nonmanufacturing industries, in
cluding building construction; and class I steam railroads. The
reports for the first two of these groups— manufacturing and non
manufacturing— are based on sample surveys by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics, and in virtually all industries the samples are sufficiently
large to be entirely representative. The figures on class I steam rail
roads are compiled by the Interstate Commerce Commission and are
presented in the foregoing summary.
M
Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in July 1936
T h e indexes of employment and pay rolls, average hours worked
per week, average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings in
manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries in July 1936 are
shown in table 3. Percentage changes from June 1936 and July 1935
are also given.
Table 3.— Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, July 1936
Industry
Index
July
1936
Percentage
change from—
June
1936
Average weekly
earnings1
Pay rolls
Employment
Index
July
1936
July
1936
July
1936
June
1936
July
1935
Average hourly
earnings 1
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
June
1936
July
1935
Average hours worked
per week 1
July
1935
July
1936
June
July
1936 1 1935
June
1936
July
1935
Manufacturing (-indexes are based on 8-year average 1928-25— 100)
All m a n u fa c t u r in g in d u stries 2........ ...............
86.8
+ 0 .9
+8.9
77.8
D u ra b le g o o d s 2___________________________
N o n d u r a b le g o o d s 2------------------------- ------- ..
79.7
94.4
-.3
+ 1.9
+14.8
+ 4 .0
72.1
85.2
83.8
85.8
88.9
61.5
+ 1 .7
+ 3.1
+1. 4
2.2
+17.5
+19.7
+17.8
+19.2
75.8
82.1
78.5
42.2
74.0
68.9
54.6
95.4
- 3 .8
-.2
-.1
+ .1
+ 3 .9
+21.0
+10.3
+ 5 .6
60.0
51.9
49.0
58.1
63.1
106.9
75.3
104.3
+ .9
- 3 .5
+ 3 .7
+27.6
4-8,8
+32. 3
+ 4 .2
46.6
82. 3
66! 1
102.4
74.4
142.4
+ .8
- 1 .3
+19.5
+22.2
100.5
118.4
+ .2
-1 0 .7
115.9
+ 2 .3
-
1.1 +20.1
$22.39
-
2.1 +10.2
38.5
- 1 .7
+ 9 .3
Cents
57.2
-0 .4
+ 0 .4
39.7
37.3
- 3 .5
+ .4
+12.9
+ 5 .1
61.6
53.0
- .2
+ 1.2
- 1 .0
-.1
+ .2
+ .1
-.2
+ 1.4
+ 2 .0
-.9
-1 .4
- 4 .0
+ 2 .3
+32.1
+ 9 .5
24.84
19.88
- 3 .7
+ .3
+15.0
+ 5 .4
- 3 .4
+44.1
+56.6
+45.0
+49.1
24.75
26.40
22. 75
18.97
- 5 .0
-5 .2
22.6
+30.8
+ 23.0
+24.8
39.3
39.2
39.7
39.1
-6 .0
- 2.8
+19.4
+28.7
+23.8
+ 26.4
61.8
66.9
56.9
48.4
20.37
23.98
21.04
20.24
-5 .2
- 5 .1
- 7 .7
-1 1 .3
+11.2
+ 6 .9
11.2
+11.0
+34.7
+21.4
8.6
38.2
38.8
37.8
36.3
-5 .5
-5 .0
-7 .4
-9 .4
+ 8 .5
+ 9 .7
+ 6 .7
2.8
53.2
61.7
55.6
55.6
-3 .0
-1 1 .9
+ 1 .4
+ .4
+44.6
+14.7
+56.6
+ 4 .9
23.72
-3 .9
21.88
-
+ 13.2
+ 5 .2
+18.5
+ .7
40.8
39.6
41.8
-2 .9
-5 .6
-3 .1
+13. 5
+ 6 .9
+ 19.6
-2 .4
57.9
55.9
58.4
53.7
71.8
130.0
- 4 .8
- 9 .3
+30.4
+36.7
21.91
20.81
-5 .6
+ 9 .4
8.1
+ 11.6
+ 7 .7
+16.1
54.3
54.6
+17.4
+ 1 .4
87.6
130.5
- 3 .3
-1 6 .6
+29.8
- 3 .5
24.67
22. 55
-3 .4
-6 .7
+ 12.8
100.9
1.0
+17.9
28.86
-3 .3
Durable goods
Ir o n a n d steel a n d th eir p r o d u c ts , n o t in
c lu d in g m a c h in e r y _________________________
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills..
Bolts, nuts, washers, and r iv e t s ..-__________
Cast-iron pipe_______________________________
Cutlery (not including silver and plated cut
lery) and edge tools_______________________
Forgings, iron and steel___________ _________
Hardware___________________________________
Plumbers’ supplies__________________________
Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and
steam fittings______________________________
Stoves______________________________________
Structural and ornamental metalwork_______
T in cans and other tinware________________
Tools (not including edge tools, machine
tools, files, and saws)______________________
Wire work___________________________________
M a ch in e ry , n o t in c lu d in g tr a n s p o r ta tio n
e q u ip m e n t __________________________________
Agricultural implements_________ __________
Cash registers, adding machines, and calcu
lating machines................. ...............................
+
+ 1.6
-
2.2
-.6
+ .7
-8 .7
-5 .3
- 7 .7
-
-
+
24. 37
21.46
-
-
-
2.0
1.6
8.8
2.2
1.2
+
+ 9 .8
+ 2 .9
-
2.2
40.4
38.1
-
6.6
+10.5
-4 .7
40.4
37.7
-3 .0
-5 .2
+ 4 .6
40.9
- 3 .1
-7 .3
+
+10.2
_ ( 3)
-.2
1.0
2.1
- 1 .4
+ 1 .5
+ 1 .3
+ .1
-1 .2
-3 .2
+ .8
+ .7
- 2 .8
-.7
+ 2.3
-
+1.1
-.9
+ 1 .8
- 3 .1
- 4 .9
60.4
60.2
- 1 .3
+. 3
+ ( 3)
+ 3 .5
71.1
- 1 .1
+ .4
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup
plies______________________________________
.
Foundry and machine-shop products. ...........
M achine tools_______________________________
Radios and phonographs____________________ .
Textile machinery and parts________________
Typewriters and parts______________ _______
T r a n s p o r ta tio n e q u i p m e n t 2_________________
Aircraft_____________________________________
Automobiles 2________________________ ____
Cars, electric- and steam-railroad 2............ ......
Locom otives 2________ ______________________
Shipbuilding___ ____________________________
R a ilroa d repair s h o p s __________________ _____
Electric railroad.................... ....................... ........
Steam railroad__________ ___________________
N o n fe r r o u s m eta ls a n d th eir p r o d u c t s .........
Aluminum manufactures_____________ ______
Brass, Bronze, and copper products_________
Clocks and watches and time-recording de
vices____________________ _________________
Jewelry_____________________ _______________
Lighting equipment____________ ____________
Silverware and plated ware............................
Smelting and refining—copper, lead, and zinc..
Stamped and enameled ware________________
L u m b e r a n d allied p r o d u c ts _________________
Furniture___________________________________
Lumber:
M illw ork.............. ..................... .................
Sawmills........... ....................... ..................__
Turpentine and rosin .______________________
S to n e , cla y, a n d glass p r o d u c ts ______________
Brick, tile, and terra cotta____________ _____
Cement---------------------------------- ------- ------------Glass________________ ______________________
Marble, granite, slate, and other p rod u cts...
Pottery____________________________________
Nondurable goods
Textiles a n d th eir p r o d u c ts ________
Fabrics. _________________________
Carpets and rugs....................
Cotton goods________________
Cotton small wares__________
D yeing and finishing textiles..
Hats, fur-felt_________________
K nit goods___________________
Silk and rayon goods_________
W oolen and worsted goods___
See footnotes at end of table.
-.5
+32.7
- 8 .5
+16.0
- 2 .8
+36.3
- 1 .1
+36.0
- 7 .5
+32.7
+20.2
+ .3
+22.1
+ 7.4
+37.0
- 6 .2
+22.0
- 4 .6
- 7 .1
+29, 6
- 6 .4 +135.9
+ 8 .2 +143.8
+ .8
+55.7
- 6 .9
+ 20.3
-.3
+ 5 .0
- 7 .2
+21.7
- 3 .3
+22.9
+ 2 .0
+41.5
- 1 .2
+25.8
24. 59
26.90
24.79
27. 58
19.74
23.64
24. 34
28.92
25. 52
29. 57
23. 23
25. 55
27. 56
27.73
28.39
27.60
22.18
22. 53
23.67
- 2 .7
-3 .3
-4 .0
-3 .0
-4 .2
- .1
+ 6 .4
- 2 .8
- 5 .3
- 3 .1
- 1 .3
+ 2 .2
-.1
- 4 .2
-.6
-4 .5
- 2 .1
- 1 .1
- 1 .4
+13.9
+ 3 .0
+13.5
+ 8 .1
+ 5 .0
+ 7 .4
+16.6
+18.5
- 2 .5
+19.1
+21.8
+29.3
+14.6
+ 9 .3
+ 4 .0
+ 9 .6
+11.1
+16.8
+10.5
39.6
39.2
41.5
43.9
37.8
39.8
42.1
38.2
40.5
38.4
38.1
40.2
35.9
41.0
44.5
40.7
39.5
40.3
40.4
- 3 .3
-3 .0
- 3 .5
- 2 .1
- 2 .4
+• 4
+ 5.6
- 8 .3
- 6 .8
- 3 .5
- 1 .6
+ 2 .0
- 2 .6
- 3 .8
-.8
- 4 .0
- 2 .3
-.1
- 1 .3
+12.6
+• 1
+13.8
+ 7 .8
+ 8 .4
+ 8 .3
+15.9
+15.3
+ 1 .2
+16.4
+21.6
+29.3
+10.6
+ 9 .0
+ 2 .0
+10.1
+10.6
+14.1
+10.1
61.4
68.6
59.6
62.8
52.4
59.2
57.8
75.5
65.6
77.3
61.0
63.6
76.0
67.5
62.3
67.9
55.8
56.0
58.5
+ .1
-.2
-.6
-.8
- 1 .7
-.6
+ .8
+ .5
+ .5
+ .4
+ .3
+ .2
+ 1 .4
-.5
+ .4
-.5
+ .2
-.9
-.1
+ .9
+ 2 .8
+ .3
+ .2
- 3 .5
-.9
+. 6
+ 2 .0
+. 6
+ 2.9
+ .4
+• 1
+ 4 .2
- .2
+ .9
-.3
+ 1 .0
+ 2.1
0
83.7
52.8
74.3
39.7
65.7
91.9
48.5
60.5
+ 2.5
- 2 .4
- 8 .2
-1 6 .0
- 1 .7
- 7 .0
- 1 .8
+ 2 .1
+33.9
+10.5
+26.0
-1 7 .4
+23.8
+24.4
+26.6
+25.0
21.43
20.10
22.11
20. 52
23. 55
19.93
18.75
18.60
+ 3 .4
+17.9
-5 .2
+ 4 .4
- 4 .3 i + 9 .4
- 2 .1
- 1 .8
+11.1
- 1 .8
- 4 .6
+14.1
- 2 .8
+13.1
- 2 .3
+10.9
41.8
36.1
39.2
34.8
40.6
38.6
40.8
41.0
+ 3 .8
- 2 .3
- 4 .4
- 3 .2
- 4 .1
- 5 .3
- 3 .0
- 3 .2
+16.0
+ 5 .9
+ 9 .5
- 3 .9
+ 7 .7
+12.2
+ 9 .5
+11.0
51.2
54.7
56.6
59.0
58.0
51.6
45.5
45.3
-.3
- 3 .0
+ .1
+ 1.4
+ 2.3
+ .8
-.4
+ .8
+ 1 .2
-.9
+• 1
+ 1 .7
+ 3.3
+ 1 .9
+ 1 .8
+ .9
80.9
113.9
88.2
112.0
234.2
71.1
89.5
101.0
541.3
109.6
60.0
45.1
96.7
58.9
65.8
58.4
88.7
90.3
88.1
+ 2.3
- 5 .4
+ 1 .3
+ 2 .0
- 3 .4
+. 4
+14.7
- 3 .4
+ .8
- 4 .1
- 5 .2
+ 5.9
+ 1 .0
—2.8
+ .3
- 2 .9
- 1 .1
+ 3 .2
+ .2
+16.2
+12.7
+20.1
+25.8
+26.6
+12.1
- 7 .8
+15.7
+25.1
+ 8 .9
+93.3
+88.9
+35.6
+10.1
+. 9
+11.1
+10.6
+21.0
+13.9
72.6
84.2
77.4
103.1
149.9
61.6
85.3
93.3
419.3
99.5
65.7
23.7
92.5
58.0
61.7
57.8
73.6
82.5
72.3
90.9
70.8
79.3
54.9
89.5
109.4
58.1
77.7
-.9
+ 2 .9
-4 .0
-1 4 .2
+ .1
- 2 .5
+ 1 .0
+ 4 .4
+13.6
+ 5 .8
+15.0
-1 5 .9
+11.5
+ 9 .0
+11.9
+12.4
51.5
38.4
99.2
61.1
43.0
60.0
97.0
34.6
67.0
-.4
-.2
+ .2
+. 7
+ 1.8
+ 2 .0
- .3
+ 4 .6
- 1 .7
+15.0
+13.3
+• 4
+11.7
+30.7
+ 4.3
+ 4 .6
+15.5
+ 7 .4
44.2
30.0
58.8
48.8
31.3
46.9
89.1
27.4
48.1
- 3 .9
- 4 .5
+ .4
- 1 .4
-.4
+ 3 .0
- 3 .0
+ 2 .7
- 3 .7
+29.1
+28.5
+ 2.3
+25.4
+55.1
+23.5
+15. 7
+34.1
+15.8
19.75
18. 69
14.16
20.90
18. 96
22.79
21.48
24. 71
19. 29
- 3 .5
- 4 .4
+. 1
- 2 .0
- 2 .1
+ 1 .0
- 2 .8
- 1 .8
- 2 .1
+12.4
+13.6
+ 2.1
+12.4
+18.6
+18.1
+10.6
+16.2
+ 7 .8
41.9
40.7
- 4 .8
- 2 .9
+10.9
+ 9 .9
47.0
46.5
+ 1.1
- 1 .5
+ 1 .0
+ 3 .6
38.2
42.1
39.3
35.4
37.9
38.1
- 1 .9
- 2 .3
- .3
- 2 .8
+ .3
- 1 .7
+12.8
+20.0
+15.4
+ 5.1
+19.3
+11.5
56.0
45.1
58.0
60.7
66.4
54.8
+. 1
+ .3
+ 1.4
+ .2
- 2 .6
-.2
+1.3
- 1 .6
+ 3 .0
+ 5.1
- 1 .8
+ .3
93.4
92.0
79.9
93.4
82.6
102.2
85.3
111.8
64.0
88.0
+ .2
+ 1 .5
-.7
+ 3 .0
-.2
- 1 .8
+ 1 .6
-.4
+ 4 .0
+ 1 .2
+ 6.4
+ 5.1
- 3 .5
+13.4
+ 3 .4
+ .9
+ 5 .2
+ 7 .6
- 6 .3
—6.8
76.2
78.4
70.4
80.7
72.0
85.0
87.6
104.0
54.3
68.9
+ .7
+ 2 .5
+ 3 .2
+ 3 .6
+ .1
+ 1 .8
+ 5 .1
- .1
+ 6 .5
+ 1 .8
+11.4
+11.8
- 7 .1
+25.8
+10.5
+15.6
+ 6 .7
+21.2
-2 .0
-7 .6
16.04
15. 78
19. 51
13. 65
16. 66
19. 51
24. 25
16.11
15. 53
17.90
+ .5
+. 9
+ 3 .9
+ .6
+ .3
+ 3 .7
+ 3 .5
+. 4
+ 2 .3
+ .6
+4 .7
+ 6 .4
-3 .9
+ 11.0
+ 6 .9
+14.3
+1. 4
+12.7
+ 4 .5
-.9
35.2
36.5
34.8
37.3
37.7
38.4
35.9
34.8
36.4
36.0
- .1
+ 1 .4
+ 3 .9
+ 1 .0
+ 1 .2
+ 5 .6
+ 2 .5
-• k
+ 3 .5
+ .9
+ 9 .5
+11.4
-.3
+15.3
+ 8 .4
+20.4
+. 6
+15.8
+10.7
- 1 .4
45.3
43.5
56.1
36.5
44.2
50.5
68.0
47.3
42.6
49.8
+ .5
-.4
+ .1
-.5
-.3
- 1 .4
+ .9
+ .7
- 1 .1
-.3
- 3 .5
- 3 .1
+• 1
- 3 .1
-.6
- 4 .6
+ .3
- 1 .9
- 5 .2
+ .4
Table 3.— Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing*Industries, July 1936— Continued
Employment
Industry
Index
July
1936
Percentage
change from—
June
Average weekly
earnings1
Pay rolls
Index
July
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
June
July
Average hourly
earnings 1
Percentage
change from—
July
1936
July
1936
June
1936
July
1935
Average hours worked
per w e e k 1
July
1935
Percentage
change from—
July
1936
June
1936
July
1935
June
1936
July
1935
M anufacturing (indexes are based on 3-year average 1923-25 *=100)— Continued
Nondurable goods—Continued
Textiles and their products—Continued.
Wearing apparel............................. ............
Clothing, m en’s . . ............. ...................
Clothing, wom en’s...................... .........
Corsets and allied ga rm en ts..-..........
M en’s furnishings...................... ...........
M illinery...........................................—
Shirts and collars.____ ______________
Leather and its m anufactures...................
Boots and shoes.......................................... Leather........................ ............. ............... .
Food and kindred p ro d u cts..-----------------Baking..........................................................
Beverages.......................................................
Butter................. .......................... .................
Canning and preserving-------- ----------------Confectionery—----------- --------------------------Flour................................................. .............
Ice cream_______________________________
Slaughtering and meat packing............ .
Sugar, b eet...................................................
Sugar refining, cane......................................
Tobacco m anufactures___________________
Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff.
Cigars and cigarettes............................ ........
Paper and printing___ ___________________
Boxes, paper_________ __________________
Paper and p u lp .......... ....................... ............
Printing and publishing:
Book and jo b ..........................................
92.
93.
109.
82.
111.
48.
104.
86.
85.
94.
107.
116.
204.
80.
125.
65.
76.
90.
89.
47.
80.
57.
64.
56.
97.
85.
109.
89.9
- 1 .0
+ 5.5
+ 6 .7
+ 1 .0
+ 7.3
+. 6
+10.5
+ 1 .4
+37.7
- 2 .5
+ 7 .4
+ 4 .7
+ 5 .9
+ 9 .2
-.3
+ .5
-.5
+ .6
-.4
+ 1.1
-.4
+ 9 .6
+ 5 .4
+16.0
- 3 .8
21.6
+13.7
+ 5 .8
- .5
-.8
+ 1 .0
+ 1.9
+ 4 .6
+14.4
+ 3 .6
-1 6 .1
- 3 .9
+ 2 .0
+ 3 .2
+10.9
+ .4
- 5 .7
-.7
- 2 .8
-.4
+ 2 .5
+ 3 .0
+ .9
67.4
71.2
72.5
74.5
69.6
36.8
94.1
76.5
70.8
94.7
103.6
106.9
239.7
65.6
135.0
55.1
73.8
79.3
85.6
46.0
74.8
49.3
65.4
47.1
87.7
79.4
93.2
+ 1 .3
+ 3 .8
78.9
- 2 .8
+ 2 .4
- 8 .3
- 1 .7
- 1 .9
-
1 2.6
+
-3 .2
+ 1 .4
- 5 .9
- 5 .7
- 5 .6
-1 5 .1
- 5 .6
+14.7
+21.5
+• 1
+ 8 .1
+• 9
+20.7
+ 1 .0
+34.6
-
6.0
+10.9
8.6
+15.1
+ 1 .9
+24.9
+21.5
+ 3 .1
- 1 .3
- 3 .1
+ 3 .8
+ 6 .9
+
-
1.8
12.11
+ 4 .5
+ 7 .7
+ 7 .5
+ 9 .5
18.97
18.26
21.48
31.90
23.19
35.29
21.30
12.82
15.35
24.64
27.07
23.84
23.00
23.53
15.35
15.76
15.26
25.31
18.79
21.45
+ 4 .1
27.22
+10.8
+24.4
+ 7 .0
-2 4 .1
- 3 .4
+15.1
10.4
+14/0
+ 5 .6
+ 2 .9
+ 3 .4
+12.8
+ 10.6 +
+ 6 .7
+6.2
+ 4 .2
+ 1 .9
+ 3 .6
+ 1 .5
- 3 .1
-.5
- 2 .7
16.81
18.08
17.27
15.11
13.19
18.41
-
2.2
+2.6
- 4 .1
- 3 .9
- 2.8
- 4 .6
8.8
+13.9
-.9
+ .8
+ .3
+ 9 .3
-.4
- 2 .3
- 3 .5
+ 5 .0
+ 5 .7
+ .8
-2 .7
+ 4 .5
+ 1 .3
+ 4 .1
+ .9
- 2 .7
+
-
1.6
- 2 .3
- 3 .1
+ 1 .3
+ 3 .0
-.7
+ 6 .0
+ 2 .5
+ 6 .4
- 2 .7
-.9
- 2 .4
+ 2 .9
+ 4 .9
+ 6 .0
+8.6
+ 3 .2
- 9 .5
+. 7
+13.0
+ 6 .9
+ 2 .9
+ 5 .0
+ 9 .3
+ 4 .1
+ .6
+ 4 .9
+ 5 .2
+ 4 .4
+ 8 .5
+ 0
32.0
31.2
31.6
34.4
35.4
- 4 .0
- 2 .4
- 7 .2
- 2 .3
- 6 .8
+ 6 .2
+ 7 .5
+ 1 .5
+ 7 .2
+23.4
Cents
49.7
56.6
49.9
43.9
33.9
+ 2 .6
+ .2
+ 8 .5
.6
.1
- 5 .4
- 3 .8
- 5 .3
- 1 .5
-1 7 .6
33.0
37.7
37.5
38.3
41.3
42.9
44.9
- 3 .2
+ 9 .7
+13.5
-.9
+ .3
+. 3
+ 8 .0
+ 8 .1
-.3
-.3
+ .5
+ 1 .5
+ 5 .8
+ 6 .1
37.5
50.9
49.4
56.1
53.2
54.2
79.0
+ .5
- 1 .5
- 1 .9
+ .2
-.8
+ ( 3)
+ .9
- 8 .8
- 1 .7
- 3 .3
+ 1 .6
+2 .3
+ .5
+ 2 .6
33.1
36.0
46.0
50.8
42.7
39.2
38.7
37.8
35.5
38.1
38.1
39.1
40.0
- 2 .1
- 3 .4
+ 5 .1
+ 6 .4
+ .8
-3 .4
+ 2 .0
+ 2 .9
+ 4 .0
+ 2 .7
- 1 .8
- 1 .1
- 2 .2
-1 6 .0
+ 4 .0
+14.5
+ 7 .2
+ 4 .4
+ 6 .5
+ .8
+ 2 .9
-.2
+ 3 .3
+ 4 .4
+ 7 .2
+ 7 .8
38.6
43.4
53.4
54.0
55.9
59.7
60.3
40.9
44.5
40.4
69.4
48.4
53.8
—2.1
+. 4
+ (3)
+ .7
+ .1
+ .4
+ 2 .2
-.8
+ .2
-.9
-.9
-.5
0
+ 4 .2
- 3 .1
- 1 .1
+ .2
- 1 .3
- 1 .6
+ 8 .2
+ .1
+ 1 ,5
+ .6
+. 1
- 2 .3
+ .9
37.4
- 2 .0
+ 1 .7
73.1
- 1 .5
- 2 .5
M
O
Newspapers and periodicals.......................
Chemicals and allied products, and petro
leum refining__________________ ____________
Other than petroleum refining_______________
Chemicals------------ ------- ---------------- ---------Cottonseed—oil, cake, and m eal_________
Druggists’ preparations........ ......................
Explosives_____________ ________________
Fertilizers......... .............. ....................... .........
Paints and varnishes............................. .......
R ayon and^allied products.........................
Soap_____ 1............ ............. ................... .......
Petroleum refining___ ______________________
Rubber products_________ ____________________
Rubber boots and shoes_________ ___________
R ubber goods, other than boots, shoes, tires,
and inner tubes________ __________________
R ubber tires and inner tu b es. __................ .......
See footnote at end of table.
99.9
- 2 .6
+ 3 .0
93.4
-4 .8
+ 9 .5
34.44
-1 3
36.3
-1 .6
92.0
-.5
+ 2 .0
110.6
109.8
115.3
37.4
96.3
92.2
67.4
112.9
353.3
94.6
114.1
84.5
60.1
+ 2 .1
+ 1 .9
+ 3 .3
+ 8 .7
-.2
+ 4.3
-.9
- 2 .1
+ 3 .3
-3 .4
+ 3.1
+ 1 .0
+ 4 .6
+ 3.6
+ 3.9
+ 5.8
-2 0 .0
+ 1.2
+ 7.0
- .9
+ 4.0
+ 7 .8
- 4 .7
+ 2.6
+ 7.9
+17.8
103.5
102.2
110.5
40.7
94.6
88.3
64.1
100.4
272.8
93.5
107.8
77.0
51.5
+ .9
+ .5
+ 1 .4
+15. 6
+ 1 .4
+ .8
-4 .6
-5 .8
+ 4 .0
-3 .3
+ 2 .1
-2 .5
-3 .1
+ 8 .5
+ 9 .0
+ 8 .8
-1 5 .7
+ 2 .5
+ 26.2
+ 3 .4
+12.9
+13.6
-.9
+ 7 .3
+35.6
+ 23.6
24.68
22.70
26.37
10.26
22.11
26.08
14.48
24.83
20.41
23.92
29.22
25.99
18.99
-1 .2
- 1 .3
- 1 .8
+ 6 .3
+ 1 .6
-3 .3
-3 .7
-3 .8
+ .6
+ .1
-.9
- 3 .5
-7 .4
+ 4 .8
+ 5 .0
+ 2 .7
+ 5 .2
+ 1 .3
+18.1
+ 4 .1
+ 8 .7
+ 5 .5
+ 4 .0
+ 4 .5
+16.3
+ 4 .8
38.4
39.6
39.7
45.6
38.7
38.1
37.5
41.5
38.7
39.1
35.4
37.2
36.8
- 1 .8
-1 .7
-2 .3
+ 7 .0
—. 4
-3 .2
- 2 .9
-4 .4
-.4
-.5
-2 .0
-2 .3
-6 .6
+ 3 .3
+ 3 .3
+ .8
+12.6
+. 9
+12.2
+ 7 .8
+ 6 .4
+ 2 .3
+ 4 .0
+ 3 .1
+14.1
+ 6 .0
64.7
57.8
66.4
22.8
55.3
68.7
38.6
59.9
52.8
61.5
83.0
69.9
51.6
+ .7
+ .4
+ .6
+ .8
- 2 .8
(3)
-.9
+ .6
+ 1 .1
+ .6
+ 1 .1
- 1 .0
-.8
+ 2 .1
+ 2 .4
+ 2 .4
-5 .9
-.8
+ 4 .0
-3 .3
+ 2 .2
+ 3 .3
-.2
+ 1 .9
+ .9
-1 .0
128.1
73.6
-.7
+ 1 .4
+ 9 .0
+ 4.7
114.6
70.0
-3 .8
-1 .2
+ 20.7
+29.3
20.57
31.03
-3 .2
-2 .6
+10.8
+ 23.4
39.2
35.7
-2 .8
-.5
+ 10.3
+ 20.6
53.4
87.5
+ .1
-1 .6
+ 1 .1
+ 2 .4
+ 6 .0 i
+ .9
Table 3.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, July 1936— Continued
Employment
Industry
Index
July
1936
Percentage
change from—
June
1936
Average weekly
earnings 1
Pay rolls
Index
July
1936
July
1935
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
July
1936
June
1936
Average hours worked
per week 1
July
1935
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
July
1936
June
1936
Average hourly
earnings 1
July
1935
July
1936
June
1936
July
1935
June
1936
July
1935
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g (i n d e x e s a r e b a s e d o n 1 2 - m o n t h a v e r a g e 1 9 2 9 - = 1 0 0 )
Coal mining:
Anthracite...............................................................
B itum inous___ ______________________________
Metalliferous m ining............................ .......... ............
Quarrying and nonmetallic m ining______________
Crude petroleum producing *.............................. .
P ublic utilities:
Telephone and telegraph________ ____________
Electric light and power and manufactured
gas...................................... ................. ..............
Electric-railroad and m otorbus operation
and maintenance......... ................................... .
Trade:
Wholesale............................. *..................... - .........
R etail.................... ......................... ............. ..........
General merchandising----------- ------------Other than general merchandising.............
Hotels (year-round)5_____________________________
Laundries---------------------------- ------------------ ------------D yeing and cleaning................. ................................ .
Brokerage...................... ............. .......... ................ .......
Insurance_______ _______________________- ..............
Building construction..................................................
48.4
75.5
61.3
54.4
75.4
- 5 .6
-.4
-1 .1
+ 1 .8
+ 2 .4
- 2 .1
+ 7 .8
+35.5
+ 6 .9
- 2 .5
37.2
62.6
46.1
43.9
60.7
-1 1 .4
+ 1 .9
- 4 .5
-.4
+ 3 .0
73.1
+ 1 .4
91.7
+ 1 .5
+ 4 .0
79.9
+ 8 .2
89.8
- 0 .9
+ 74.4
+48.0
+27.5
+ 1 .2
$22.37
21.02
23.38
20. 24
29.26
- 6 .1
+ 2 .2
- 3 .4
- 2 .1
+ .6
+ 3 .3
+ 5 .6
29.18
+ 1 .8
+10.1
31. 74
Cents
83.7
79.6
58.9
47.6
76.8
+ 0 .5
-1 .2
+ 1 .0
+ .5
+ 1 .2
+ 2 .1
76.7
- 1 .4
-.1
+ 3 .5
78.5
+ .5
- 1 .1
+ 1. 3
+ 61.8
+ 9 .3
+19.2
+ 3 .9
26.9
26.5
39.4
42.5
38.1
- 7 .7
+ 3 .7
-4 .0
- 2 .8
- .8
- 2 .0
+ 48.7
+ 8 .9
+18.9
+ 5 .2
+ 1 .8
+ 1 .5
39.5
+ 3 .5
+ .4
+ 1 ,9
40.4
-.1
+ 1 .7
+ 7 .7
+ .3
-.9
- 2 .5
72.4
+ .9
+ 1 .4
66.5
-.5
+ 4 .8
29.88
-1 .4
+ 3 .5
45.9
-1 .6
+ 2 .4
63.9
-.2
+ 1 .5
85.4
83.2
90.7
81.2
83.3
90.5
85.5
(6)
(•)
(6)
+ 1 .0
-2 ,7
- 5 .9
- 1 .7
- .8
+ 3 .7
- 2 .3
(*).
+ .3
+ .8
+ 4 .0
+ 4 .9
+ 6.1
+ 4 .6
+ 3 .7
+ 7 .2
+ 4 .6
+21.1
+. 4
+20.7
69.0
65.1
77.3
62.6
66.0
79.0
64.8
(ft)
(6)
(6)
+ .8
-1 .9
- 4 .9
-1 .2
-.9
+ 4 .2
- 6 .4
-.4
-.2
-.2
+ 6 .8
+ 7 .6
+ 7 .4
+ 7 .7
+ 6 .3
+ 11.5
+ 5 .4
+28. 9
+ 1 .2
+34.8
28. 74
21.43
38.48
23.57
13.96
16. 26
18. 62
37.45
37.99
27.04
-.1
+ .8
+ .9
+ .5
-.1
+ .5
-4 .2
—.4
-.4
- 1 .0
+ 2 .7
+ 2 .6
+ 1 .1
+ 3 .0
+ 2 .6
+ 3 .9
+. 8
+ 6 .4
+. 8
+12. 0
42.8
43.5
40.0
44.6
48.4
43.6
43.1
(6)
(6)
32.2
-.5
-.3
-2 .3
+ .2
+• 4
+ 1 .8
-1 .6
(6)
(8)
-.3
+ 2 .1
+ 2 .9
+ 5 .2
+ 2 .4
+ .8
+ 4 .1
+ 3 .1
(6)
(6)
+ 9 .1
67.0
52.9
47.6
54.4
28.4
36.9
43.6
(6)
(6)
84.0
+ .4
+ 1 .2
+ 2 .9
+ .7
-.7
- 1 .3
-2 .6
(6)
(6)
- .7
- .4
+• 1
- 3 .3
+ .7
+ 2 .0
+ .2
- .7
(6)
(6)
+ 2 .9
92003— 36 -3
1 Average weekly earnings are com puted from figures furnished b y all reporting establishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data supplied
b y a smaller number of establishments as all reporting firms do not furnish man-hours. Percentage changes over year are com puted from indexes. Percentage changes over month
in average weekly earnings for the manufacturing groups, for all manufacturing industries combined, and for retail trade are also computed from indexes.
2 See tables 4 and 5, and text accompanying these tables, for revised employment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings.
3 Less than Ho of 1 percent.
4 Data for M arch, April, M ay, and June 1936, revised as follows:
M arch em ploym ent index, 70.9; percentage change from February, +0.1; from March 1935, —4.2; pay-roll index, 56.0; percentage change from February, +0.5; from March 1935,
—0.1; average weekly earnings, $29.79; percentage change from February, +0.4; from March 1935, +4.4.
April em ploym ent index, 71.3; percentage change from March, +0.6; from April 1935, —4.7; pay-roll index, 57.1; percentage change from March, +1.9; from April 1935, +0.7;
average weekly earnings, $29.98; percentage change from March, +1.3; from April 1935, +5.7.
M ay em ploym ent index, 72.7; percentage change from April, +2.0; from M ay 1935, —4.4; pay-roll index, 58.0; percentage change from April, +1.6; from M ay 1935, +0.3; average
weekly earnings, $29.53; percentage change from April, —0.4; from M ay 1935, +4.7.
June em ploym ent index, 73.7; percentage change from M ay, +1.3; from June 1935, —3.9; pay-roll index, 58.9; percentage change from M ay, +1.6; from June 1935, —0.4; average
weekly earnings, $29.65; percentage change from M ay, +0.3; from June 1935, +3.5.
8 Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
6 N ot available.
14
Revised Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing Industries
An examination of the basic material from which the indexes of
employment and pay rolls in manufacturing industries are computed
each month by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, brought to light cer
tain discrepancies in the figures for automobiles, cars (electric and
steam railroad), and locomotives. These discrepancies affected the
pay-roll indexes for automobiles from March 1932 to date, and both
the employment and pay-roll indexes for cars (electric and steam
railroad), and locomotives from June 1935 to date. The changes in
Table 4.— Revised Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in Manufacturing
Industries
5-year average, 1923-25 = 100]
Industry
Year Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. M ay June July Aug. Sept. Oct. N ov. Dec. A v.
Employment
Nondurable-goods group. 1935
Transportation group___
Cars, electric and steam
railroad_______________
Locom otives..
0)
0)
0)
1935
0)
(0
1936 101.7 99.0
(0
(0
0)
87.3 83.6 75.9
(0
104.6 0)
1935
1936
0)
0)
0)
45.4 48.6 55.0
1935
1936
29.5 23.9
0)
(0
0)
(0
0)
26.9 29.0 32.2 35.1 39.4 42.6 0)
0)
94.3
0)
103.2
(0
3.4 47.4 43.5
48.5 31.0 32.0 32.5
0)
61.1 63.3 0)
!9, 2
Pay rolls
All manufacturing indus
tries com bined________
1932
1933
1934
1935
. 1936
0)
39.2
53.6
63.6
71.9
0)
40.0
60.0
68.3
72.0
52.7
36.9
64.1
70.0
75.5
49.1
38.6
66.5
70.0
77.2
46.4
42.5
66.4
67.8
78.5
43.0
46.9
64.3
65.8
78.7
39.5
50.4
60.0
64.8
(!)
40.3
56.4
61.7
69.1
42.7
58.8
57.6
71.7
44.5
59.1
60.6
74.3
42.6
55.2
59.2
73.7
41.3
54.2
62.7
75.6
45.9
48.2
61.4
69.6
Durable goods__________
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
0)
27.1
40.9
51.4
63.8
0)
27.2
46.9
57.3
63.6
39.8
24.9
51.6
59.2
68.4
37.5
26.2
56.1
60.4
72.4
36.4
30.3
57.4
58.9
74.6
32.7
34.2
55.9
56.5
75.1
29.3
37.5
49.1
54.6
(0
27.8
43.2
49.0
58.0
27.7
44.0
44.9
59.7
29.5
44.9
45.8
65.1
29.6
42.0
45.5
66.7
29.0
41.8
49.5
68.3
33.6
35.3
49.4
59.7
Nondurable goods group.
1934
1935
1936
76.8 80.0 79.8 78.0 0)
73.8 (0
73.9 79.5 76.7 79.6 76.7
(0
79.1 82.4 83.7 82.3 0)
77.7 77.8 83.3 87.0 36.1 82.7 G)
82.2
82.3 82.7 84.7 0)
(0
0)
0)
Transportation group___
1932
1933
1034
1935
1936
0)
32.8
48.1
72.3
86.2
(0
29.4
65.4
86.1
77.8
47.0
25.5
76.7
89.5
87.7
44.3
29.1
84.0
93.5
100.8
47.8
35.3
80.4
86.0
102.4
42.4
37.0
71.8
75.2
99.5
39.6
39.7
60.4
68.1
0)
31.0
45.3
64.4
65. 4
23.4
43.9
48.0
60.0
24.5
39.7
45.7
78.6
27.1
35.4
44.3
92.1
30.5
40.2
61.5
92.9
38.1
36.1
62.6
80.0
Autom obiles...................... 1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
(0
34.5
52.2
82.6
95.7
0)
30.6
73.7
98.8
83.9
48.6
25.6
87.9
100.9
94.4
44. 6
30.6
96.2
104.9
109.1
50.8 44.6
38.4 41.1
89.9 76.8
94.1 83.7
111. 1 107.1
41.2
43.7
63.3
76.8
0)
31.0
49.9
68.5
72.2
21.1
47.6
48.6
64.6
22.2
41.2
46.6
87.5
26.2
35.4
45.9
104. 5
30.3
41.2
68.4
103.8
38.8
38.3
68.2
89.5
Cars, electric and steam
railroad_______________
Locom otives____________
iJMo revision necessary.
1935
1936
47.4 27.8 30.7 31.0 38.7 44.6 51.9 44.4
(0
0)
0)
0)
0)
47.9 51.7 59.8 68.1 67.2 70.2 0)
1935
1936
13.2
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
11.2 13.4 15.3 17.5 20.2 21.9
9.7 10.4 11.1 12.7 13.4 14.0 12.9
(l)
15
the industry indexes also caused modifications in the transportation
group indexes for the period affected, in the durable- and nondurablegoods indexes, and in the general manufacturing indexes. The
revised indexes are shown in table 4.
Corresponding corrections for average weekly earnings, average
hours worked per week, and average hourly earnings are shown in
table 5.
Table 5.— Revised Average Weekly Earnings, Average Hours Worked Per Week,
and Average Hourly Earnings in Automobiles, Electric- and Steam-Railroad
Cars, and Locomotives
Year and month
Average weekly earnings
Average hours worked
per week
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
A ver
age
in
month
indi
cated
Aver
age
in
Same month
Preced month
indi
ing
preced cated
month
ing
year
Average hourly earnings
A ver
age
in
Same month
Preced month
indi
ing
preced cated
month
ing
year
Percentage
change from—
Same
Preced month
ing
preced
month
ing
year
Automobiles
1932: M arch___ ___________ $22.44
-8 .9
-2 2 .0
Cars, electric- and steam-railroad
1935: June...............................
J u ly .......... ...................
August______________
September.................. .
October_____________
N ovem ber....................
Decem ber___________
20.91
19.32
20.43
20.46
21.86
21.83
23. 25
-1 0 .4
- 8 .1
+ 6 .9
-.5
+ 6 .8
+ .7
+ 6 .5
0
-0 .6
-2 .6
+ 7 .8
+ 8 .8
+11. 5
+18.6
33.2
31.5
33.6
34.2
36.4
35.5
37.3
- 9 .3
—5.1
+ 6 .7
+ 2 .4
+ 6 .4
- 2 .5
+ 5 .1
- 8 .8
- 5 .9
- 4 .5
+ 9 .8
+10.0
i + 7 .6
+14.4
63.2
61.7
61.1
59.8
60.1
61.6
62.4
- 1 .1
- 2 .8
+. 3
-2 .9
+. 5
i + 3 .4
+ 1 .3
+ 7 .8
+ 4 .4
+ 1 .7
-2 .6
- 1 .5
+ 3 .4
+ 3 .6
1936: January........................
February..................
M arch_______________
April________ ________
M a y ________________
June________________
22.40
22. 58
23.12
23.80
23. 37
23. 52
-3 .7
+. 8
i + 2.3
+ 2 .9
-1 .8
+ .9
+14.0
+ 7 .2
+ 4 .2
+ 1 .7
+ .7
+13.5
36.2
36.1
37.2
38.1
38.0
38.7
- 3 .0
-.2
+ 2 .9
+ 2 .3
-.1
+ 1 .8
+11.7
+ 4 .7
+ 3.9
+ 3 .2
+ 4 .5
+17.3
61.9
62.5
62.1
62.5
61.5
60.8
-.8
+ :9
-.6
+ .6
-1 .7
i -.9
+ 2 .5
+ 2 .4
+ .6
-.9
-2 .9
- 2 .6
Locomotives
1935: June_________ ______
July_________________
August...................... .
September....................
October_______ _____
N ovem ber___________
D ecem ber....................
22.10
19. 57
20.87
21.43
22.99
22. 55
23.98
- 2 .3
- 9 .1
+ 2 .7
+ 2 .7
+ 7 .3
- 1 .9
+ 6 .3
-0 .5
-1 1 .7
-9 .0
-7 .0
+ 3 .2
+ 2.1
+ 5 .9
33.7
31.0
32.5
33.4
36.8
36.6
38.9
-2 .9
-5 .8
+ 1 .9
+ 3.1
+10.2
-.5
+ 6.3
-6 .0
-1 3 .4
-1 0 .0
- 7 .2
+ 3 .7
+ 5 .6
+10.0
65.6
63.1
64.2
64.2
62.6
61.6
61.6
+ 0 .8
- 3 .5
+ .8
-.2
- 2 .5
- 1 .6
0
+ 4 .7
+ 1 .1
+ .4
-.2
-.8
- 3 .9
-4 .4
1936: Jan uary.......................
February....................
M arch...........................
A pril__________ _____
M a y ..............................
June................ ..............
20.81
22.99
23. 71
24. 26
24.89
24.99
-1 3 .1
+10.8
+ 3 .1
+4. 7
+ 2 .6
+ .4
- 4 .1
+ 5 .8
+ 6 .4
+ 8 .0
+11.8
+14.9
i 33.6
36.8
37.9
i 39.0
39.5
39.4
-1 3 .9
+10.8
+ 2. 9
+ 4 .3
+ 1 .3
-.1
- 3 .3
+ 7 .4
+ 9 .9
+12.4
+16.1
+19.4
62.0
62.5
62.6
62.3
63.1
63.4
+ 1 .0
+. 1
+ 2
+• 3
+ 1 .3
+ .6
-1 .0
- 1 .6
-3 .2
- 3 .7
- 3 .4
-3 .6
i Same as previously published.
16
Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls, January 1935 to July 1936
Indexes of employment and pay rolls are given in tables 6 and 7
for all manufacturing industries combined, for the durable- and nondurable-goods groups of manufacturing industries separately, and
for 13 nonmanufacturing industries including 2 subgroups under
retail trade, by months, January 1935 to July 1936, inclusive. The
accompanying chart indicates the trend of factory employment and
pay rolls from January 1919 to July 1936.
The indexes of factory employment and pay rolls are computed
from returns supplied by representative establishments in 90 manu
facturing industries. The base used in computing these indexes is
the 3-year average 1923-25 taken as 100. In July 1936 reports were
received from 24,618 establishments employing 4,251,798 workers,
whose weekly earnings were $95,224,262. The employment reports
received from these establishments cover more than 55 percent of
the total wage earners in all manufacturing industries of the country
and more than 65 percent of the wage earners in the 90 industries
included in the monthly survey of the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
The indexes for nonmanufacturing industries are also computed
from data supplied by reporting establishments, but the base is the
12-month average for 1929 as 100.
Data for both manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries
are based on reports of the number of employees and amount of pay
rolls for the week ending nearest the 15th of the month.
Table 6.— Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in All Manufacturing Indus
tries Combined and in the Durable- and Nondurable-Goods Groups, January
1935 to July 1936 1
[3-year average 1923-25=100]
Manufacturing
Total
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
M onth
E m ploy
ment
1935
1936
Pay rolls
1935
E m ploy
ment
Pay rolls
1936
1935
1936
263 6 271.9
2 68.3 2 72.0
270.0 2 75.5
270.0 2 77.2
2 67.8 278.5
265.8 278.7
66.2
69.4
71.0
71.8
71.4
69.7
74.4
74.4
75.7
77.6
79.2
79.9
69.4
70.5
71.2
74.9
76.1
75.7
79.7 254. 6
258.0
259.7
265.1
266.7
268.3
71.4
259.7
January_____ ___________
F eb ru a ry .____ __________
M arch__________________
A pril____________________
M a y __________ _ _______
June_____ _______________
78.8 82.9
81.4 283.1
82.5 84.1
82.6 85.1
81.2 85.7
79.7 86.0
July.....................................
August______ ____________
September__ ____________
October_________________
N ovem ber.......... ............ .
December_______________
79.7
82.0
83.7
85.3
85.0
84.6
86.8 264.8
2 69.1
271.7
274.3
273.7
275.6
Average___________
82.2
269.6
77.8
E m ploy
ment
Pay rolls
1936
1935
1936
1935
251.4 2 63.8
257. 3 2 63.6
59.2 268.4
260.4 2 72.4
2 58.9 2 74.6
256.5 2 75.1
92.4
94.2
95.0
94.2
91.8
90.6
92.1
92.6
93.2
93.1
92. 7
92.6
2 79.1
282.4
283.7
282. 3
79.2
277. 7
1935
2
72.1
90.8
94. 3
97.1
96.4
94. 6
294. 3
94.4 277.8
283. 3
287.0
286.1
82. 7
85.0
93.8
282.2
1936
82.3
2 82.7
2 84.7
83.3
83 4
83.3
2
85.2
1 Comparable indexes for earlier years will be found in the February 1935 issue of this pamphlet, or in
the M a y 1935 M on th ly Labor Review, supplemented b y the tables on revised indexes in the Septem ber
1935 pamphlet (or the December 1935 M on th ly Labor Review) and this issue of the pamphlet.
2 Revised. See tables 4 and 5.
18
Table 7.— Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in Selected Nonmanufacturing
Industries, January 1935 to July 1956 1
[12-month average 1929=100]
Anthracite mining
M onth
E m ploy
ment
Pay rolls
Bituminous-coal
mining
E m ploy
ment
Pay rolls
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and non
metallic mining
E m ploy
ment
E m ploy
ment
Pay rolls
P ay rolls
1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936
80.0
81.1
81.6
74.3
75.3
77.9
70.6
78.4
70.2
62.6
62.2
61.5
44.3
44.3
45.0
46.0
44.4
46.0
54.2
55.5
55.9
57.5
60.8
61.9
July__________
August_______
September.......
October_______
N ovem ber.......
Decem ber........
49.4 48.4 37.5 37.2 70.0 75.5 35.9 62.6 45.2 61.3
28.3
73.4
45.8
46.3
38.7
38.2
48.9
46.0
77.1
60.1
55.9
74.3
69.8
58.8
51.6
28.4
65.5
52.6 ........
46.6
76.1
55.4
79.1
57.3
69.5
53.5
Average.
79.8
80.2
80.4
77.5
76.2
75.7
59.6
66.1
67.5
45.0
49.1
64.7
62.9
64.4
51.4
52.6
53.5
56.8
59.1
61.2
52.5
49.8
54.9
51.2
57.5
64.3
38.9
49.9
49.5
66.0
54.4
76.7
42.6
28.6
56.3
42.0
January............
February_____
M arch________
April_________
M a y __________
June__________
.....
__
53.2 .....
__
47.5 .....
Crude-petroleum
producing
__
__
58.2
76.7
47.3
Telephone and
telegraph
.....
30.1
29.9
30.9
31.8
31.4
31.5
41.7
42.8
45.1
45.5
47.7
48.2
36.9
37.3
40.5
45.3
49.5
50.4
39.4
36.9
42.2
48.4
52.0
53.5
20.8
22.2
24.9
28.9
32.8
33.8
25.5
23.9
30.9
36.1
42.1
44.0
31.1 46.1 50.9 54.4 34.4 43.9
33.4
51.0
36.3
35.4
35.4
50.0
38.7
50.0
36.5
39.6
46.7
32.1
43.2
29.7
43.1
---
33.9
.....
46.0
.....
30.7
__
.....
Electric light and
power, and manu
factured gas
Electric-railroad and
m otorbus
opera
tion and mainte
nance 2
E m ploy
ment
E m ploy
ment
M onth
E m ploy
ment
Pay rolls
E m ploy
ment
Pay rolls
Pay rolls
P ay rolls
1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 9136 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936
January............
February.........
M arch..............
A pril.................
M a y _ _ .............
June__..............
74.9
74.2
74.0
74.9
76.0
76.7
July...................
August_______
September____
October_______
N ovem ber____
Decem ber........
77.4 75.4 59.9 60.7
76.3
58.9
75.1
60.9
74.7
57.9
73.0
57.2
71.9
59.9 ........
Average.
71.1
70.8
370.9
371.3
372.7
373.7
__
__
__
--74.9 .....
55.5
54.9
56.0
56.7
57.8
59.2
57.9
55.7
55.7
356.0
357.1
358.0
358.9
70.5
70.0
69.8
69.7
70.0
70.2
70.1
69.9
70.2
70.8
71.6
72.1
73.9
72.9
75.3
73.1
73.7
74.4
75.0
76.2
77.2
76.0
78.5
77.4
__
70.3 73.1 75.7 79.9
70.5
75.5
70.4
73.8
70.0
74.9
69.8
74.9
69.6 ........ 75.6 ........
.....
70.1
__
.....
74.5
82.7
82.2
82.3
82.6
83.3
83.9
86.1
86.1
86.8
88.0
89.0
90.4
78.0
78.3
79.4
79.0
79.8
79.8
84.8
84.7
85.9
86.2
87. 0
88. :l
71.2
71.0
71.3
71.4
71.6
71.7
70.7
71.7
71.2
71.3
71.5
71.7
62.9
63.1
63.4
63.3
63.6
63.9
65.0
68.3
67.8
65.9
66.1
66.8
__
84.8 91.7 81.5 89.8 71.5 72.4 63.4 66.5
63.3
86.8
82.8
71.2
64.0
86.9
84.5
71.0
87.4
84.4
64.1
71.1
87.6
83.4
71.1
63.8
86.8
70.5
66.1
86.0
.....
84.8
__
__
--.....
__
__
---
81.4
71.2
63.7
1 Comparable indexes for earlier years for all of these industries, except year-round hotels, will be found
in the N ovem ber 1934 and subsequent issues of this pamphlet, or the February 1935 and subsequent issues
of the M onthly Labor Review. Comparable indexes for year-round hotels will be found in the June 1935
issue of this pamphlet, or the September 1935 issue of the M onthly Labor Review.
2 N ot including electric-railroad car building and repairing; see transportation equipment and railroad
repair-shop groups, manufacturing industries, table 3.
3 Revised.
19
Table 7.— Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in Selected Nonmanufacturing
Industries, January 1935 to July 1936— Continued
[12-month average 1929=100]
Wholesale trade
Total retail trade
Retail trade—gen
eral merchandising
Retail trade—other
than general mer
chandising
t
M onth
E m ploy
ment
Pay rolls
E m ploy
ment
Pay rolls
E m ploy
ment
P ay rolls
E m ploy
ment
Pay rolls
1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936
January............
February_____
M arch..............
A pril. __...........
M a y ..................
June..................
84.2
84 6
84.0
83 ?
82 5
8? 1
July...................
August_______
September____
October............
N ovem ber
December
8? 1 85.4 64.6 69.0 79 3 83.2 60.5 65.1
82.7
64.8
78.0
59.3
67.2
83.7
81.8
62.5
83.8
63.2
85.7 : :
66.8
86.4
66.9
63.4 ........
84.6
86.8
92.9
69.3
68.6
85.6
85 0
85.6
85 7
84.6
84.6
Average. 1 84.0
63.9
64 6
65.2
64 8
64.6
64.6
66.6
66 6
69.0
67 9
68 ?
68
65.6
79.5 80.4
79 ? 79.7
80.2 81.9
83 5 85.2
H?, ? 85.0
82 ? 385.5
82.3 ........
59.7
59.3
60.4
62.5
62.0
62.5
62.1
61.6
63.5
65.3
65.8
66.4
62.1
87.3 88.2:
86.2: 85.1
88.6 90.9
94.4 97.4
91.3 95.5
91.2 396.4
Em ploy
ment
94.2
Pay rolls
76.4
73.9
77.3
81.0
80.8
81.3
85.5 90.7 72.0 77.3
83.1
69.5
92.2
77.2
79.8 : : : : :
97.1
101.6 . . . . . 82.0
131.7
104.5
Year-round hotels
M onth
73.5
72.3
74.1
77.5
76.3
76.7
78.0 ........
Laundries
E m ploy
ment
77.4
77.3
78.0
80.7
79.8
79.8
78.4
78.3
79.5
82.0
82.3
82.6
56.9'
56.6
57.6
59.4
59.0
59.5
59.1
59.1
60.7
62.1
62.7
63.3
77.7 81.2 58.1 62.6
76.7
57.2
79.1
59.4
80.3 : : : : : 59.8 : : : : :
80.1
59.6
82.7
62.0
79.1
58.8
V
D yeing and cleaning
P ay rolls
E m ploy
ment
Pay rolls
1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936
January............. .......... ......... -------- ........
Februarv
M arch.....................................................
A pril........................ ........................ .......
M a y ___________ ________ ___________
_______________
June_________ _ .
80.3
81.1
80.8
81.1
81.6
81.3
J uly....... ................................................ .
August____________ __________ ______
______________ ______
Septem ber.
O ctober_____ ________ ______________
N ovem ber____ ____________ ________
Dflfifimbfir
80.3 83.3 62.1 66.0 84.4 90.5 70.9 79.0 81.7 85.5 61.5 64.8
80.7
62.0
84.2
69.2
79.4
58.2
82.1
63.1
83.0
81.1
63.1
67.9
80.4
81.6
64.3
81.9
67.1
61.1
76.3
55.4
81.3
66.7
81.5
64.8
64.2
73.4
67.5
52.9
80.8
81.1
A vera g e-
...... .......... ...... .......
81.0
81.9
82.8
82.8
83.2
84.1
83.9
62.2
63.5
63.9
63.6
63.7
63. 5
64.9
66.5
66.0
66.3
67.0
66. 6
63.4 . . . . .
79.6
79.6
79.7
80.0
81.1
82.3
81.5
81.5
81.2
82.1
83.2
85.5
87.2
63.9
64.1
64.6
65.5
66.6
68.2
66.9
68.3
67.8
69.9
70.9
75.6
75.8
70.3
69.6
72.5
79.9
80.9
83.6
71.5
70.3
74.7
81.8
87.3
87.5
77.5 ........
50.4
49.8
53.5
61.9
61.7
65.7
51.6
49.0
56.4
64.1
72.2
69.2
57.9 ........
* Revised.
Trend o f Industrial and Business Employment by States
A c o m p a r i s o n of employment and pay rolls, by States and geo
graphic divisions, in June and July 1936 is shown in table 8 for all
groups combined, except building construction and class I railroads,
and for all manufacturing industries combined, based on data supplied
by reporting establishments. The percentage changes shown, unless
otherwise noted, are unweighted— that is, the industries included in
the manufacturing group and in the grand total have not been
weighted according to their relative importance.
The totals for all groups combined and for all manufacturing indus
tries combined include figures for miscellaneous manufacturing
industries in addition to the 16 nonmanufacturing and 90 manufac
turing industries presented in table 3.
20
Table 8.— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
in June and July 1936, by Geographic Divisions and by States
[Figures in italics are not compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued by
cooperating State organizations]
Total—all industry groups
Geographic divi
sion and State
Manufacturing
Per
Per
Per
Per
N um Number cent Amount cent N um Number cent Am ount cent
of pay
of pay
ber of on pay
age
ber
of
age
on
pay
age
age
roll
roll
roll,
estab
roll
change (1 week) change estab
change (1 week) change
lish
from
from
lish
July
July
from
from
July
July
ments
June
June ments
1936
1936
June
June
1936
1936
1936
1936
1936
1936
13,771
793
843,095
55,440
Dollars
+ 1 .2 18,379,792
+ 5.3 1,054,923
+ 2 .1
+ 7 .9
3,427
285
572,621
44,856
Dollars
+ 1 .8 11,737,076
+ 4 .7
821,086
+ 3 .1
4-8.2
637
New Hampshire.
V erm ont_______
478
Massachusetts... i 8, 632
1,225
Rhode Island___
2,006
Connecticut____
36, 524
17,628
461,760
85,831
185,912
+ 4 .3
730,968
369, 287
+. 3
+ 1.3 10,330,324
+ .8 1, 747, 638
- . 3 4,146, 652
+ 6.9
-.2
+ 2 .0
+ 2.4
+ .2
202
149
1,632
418
741
28,971
10,896
266, 070
66,960
154,868
+ 4 .5
-2 .5
+ 2 .7
+ 1 .0
-.4
558, 591
221,397
5, 529,181
1, 269, 797
3, 337,024
+ 8 .1
- 2 .4
+ 4.1
+ 2 .7
+ .2
33,651 1,994,017
22, 266 906, 337
3, 506 296, 723
7,879 790,957
- . 4 48,809,862
- . 7 23, 427,973
- . 3 7,170, 305
1 18,211, 584
+ .8 23,877,801
+ .7 10, 278,820
- . 7 5,410, 828
+ 1 .8 8,188,153
+ .7
+ 1 .7
-.8
+ .3
N ew E n g la n d ___
M aine__________
M id d le A tla n t ic .
N ew Y ork______
New Jersey_____
Pennsylvania—
-.6
4,696 1,018,951
+ .1 3 1,922 407,145
*727 229,544
-.9
- 1 .4
2,047 382,262
E ast N o rth C en
tr a l...... ............ 30,222 2,049,163
O hio___________
8, 312 584,217
231,^27
Indiana________
2, m
Illinois_________ 5 4,688 541, 509
M ichigan_______
3, 738 511, 310
W isconsin...........
6 992 180,700
-.5
+ .3
- 2 .5
+ .3
- 1 .9
+ 1 .6
50,645,198
14, 340,107
5, 308,177
13,000,236
13,993,084
4,064,194
-3 .6
- 2 .6
- 7 .6
-.9
- 5 .4
- 3 .8
-.4
7,328 1,566,849
2, 522 428,331
+ .9
910 192, 737 - 3.1
2,232 358,145
+ .*
926 44®, 516 - 1 . 9
738 145,120 1+2.9
W est N o rth C e n
tr a l__________ 11,677
2,175
Minnesota______
Iow a ____ ______
1,776
M issouri____
_ 3,174
N orth D a k ota .._
526
South D akota.._
486
Nebraska_______
1, 578
Kansas_________ 81,962
412,993
87, 701
61,722
162,183
5, 273
5, 950
31,824
58,340
+ 1 .2
+ 4 .7
- 1 .2
+ .3
+• 4
+ 2 .4
+ 1 .5
+1.1
9,417,239
2,062, 587
1,340, 469
3,697, 536
122,046
132,436
727,988
1,334,177
+ 1 .1
+ 3 .2
- 3 .9
+ 1 .4
- 1 .1
+ .8
+ 2 .3
+ 1 .6
2,406
415
417
866
44
39
159
466
+3.1 4,660,168
209,199
41, 682 +10. 5
949,968
35, 049 - 1 .0
752, 243
88,983
+1.4 1,934,408
773
- .1
19, 382
45, 209
2,016 + 5.1
12,038 + 3 .6
282,020
28, 658 + 3 .3
676,938
+ 2 .4
+ 6 .5
- 6 .8
+ 3 .4
-2 .0
+ 3 .6
+ 4 .3
+ 4•9
505,097 + 1 .6 8,596,814
236,022
10, 921 + 5 .3
75,552 7 +1. 7 1, 646,566
+ 1 .0
+ 3 .2
7 - .1
39,914,387
-.7
10, 652,481
- 3 .3
4, 389,218 - 8 . 9
8,536,984. - 1 . 0
13,128,885 - 5 . 8
93,204,555 7 - 3 . 3
S ou th A tla n tic .. 10,889
214
Delaware_______
M aryland____ __ 1,498
District of Co
1,051
lum bia_______
Virginia______ _ 2, 224
W est V irg in ia ...
1,269
North C arolin a1,397
South Carolina..
749
1,434
Georgia_________
Florida_________
1,053
760,272
15,113
112,895
+ .9 14,189,450
340, 230
+ 2 .8
+ .8 2, 521,590
+ .4
+ 2 .4
+ .3
2,660
84
509
36,027
100,688
145,095
145,826
68, 551
102,199
33,878
874,934
- 1 .6
+ 1 .8 1,895, 354
- . 4 3, 242, 749
+ 1 .2 2,104, 257
+ 1 .6
963, 303
+ 2.1 1, 609, 687
-.7
637, 346
- 1 .7
+ 1 .6
- 1 .5
+ 1 .6
+ 2 .5
+ 1 .7
- 1 .5
38
460
255
567
205
357
185
3,175
67, 728
56,456
134,685
61,301
78, 567
16, 712
-.2
+ 2 .7
-.4
+ 1.1
+ 1 .7
+ 2 .6
-.2
105,918
1, 238, 303
1, 255, 788
1,906, 805
828, 299
1,110, 713
268,400
-1 .5
+ 2 .3
- 2 .6
+ 1 .7
+ 2 .7
+ 2 .8
- 2 .8
East Sou th Cen
tral______ __
K en tu cky...........
Tennessee____ _
Alabam a___ . . .
Mississippi_____
4,641
1,483
1, 356
1,250
552
271,571
81,364
94, 280
81,648
14, 279
+ 2 .0 4,768,427
+ 1 .6 1, 627,478
+ 1 .6 1, 608,961
+ 2 .9 1,300,303
231,685
+ 2.1
+ 1 .7
+ 2 .2
+ .9
+ 2 .4
+ 1 .3
991
306
371
231
83
170,537
35, 591
70, 368
56, 592
7,986
+ 2 .5 2,821,823
+ 1 .1
703, 528
+ 1 .9 1,150,442
+ 4 .1
852,831
+ 3 .4
115,022
+ 1 .4
-.2
+. 5
+ 4 .0
+ 1 .6
West South
C entral... . . .
Arkansas_______
Louisiana______
Oklahoma______
Texas__________
3,670
9 515
1,012
1, 362
781
151,179
23,833
43, 415
39,532
44,399
—.4 3,130,041
-.2
402,632
809, 644
- 2 .0
889,120
+ .8
- . 1 1,028,645
-.6
-1 .5
-1 .2
-.6
+ .4
914
216
230
129
339
78,557
17,273
22,098
11,313
27, 873
-.3
_ 2
-3 .7
+ 1 .9
+ 1 .4
+ .3
-.3
-2 .7
+• 6
+ 2 .2
1,540,046
275,941
362, 551
245,875
655, 679
* Includes banks and trust companies, construction, municipal, agricultural, and office em ploym ent,
amusement and recreation, professional services, and trucking and handling.
2 Less than Ho of 1 percent.
3 Includes laundering and cleaning, water, light, and power.
* Includes laundries.
* Includes automobile and miss^llaneous services, restaurants, and building and contracting.
6 Includes construction, but does not include hotels, restaurants, or public works.
7 Weighted percentage change.
* Includes financial institutions, construction, miscellaneous services, restaurants.
» Includes automobile dealers and garages, and sand, gravel, and building stone.
21
Table 8.— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
in June and July 1936 by Geographic Divisions and by States— Continued
Manufacturing
Total—all industry groups
Geographic divi
sion and State
M o u n t a i n ______
Montana ______
Idaho__________
W yom ing______
Colorado_______
N ew M exico____
Arizona________
U ta h ., _ ______
N evada________
Per
Per
Per
Per
Amount cent
N um Number cent Amount cent N um Number cent
of pay
of pay
ber of on pay
age
age
age
ber of on pay
age
roll
roll
roll
change (1 week) change
estab
roll,
change (1 week) change estab
from
lish
from
July
from
lish
July
from
July
July
June
June ments
1936
June
ments
1936
June
1936
1936
1936
1936
1936
1936
4,253
660
471
319
1,125
325
522
611
220
P a cific___ ________ 6,784
3,112
Washington. __
1,357
Oregon _______
California______ w 2,315
Dollars
123,803 + 3.7 2,884,248
17,860 + 4.0
463, 763
10,005 + 4.1
229,452
8,498 + 1 .6
218,782
41, 512 + 4 .0
969, 218
6, 659 + 2 .3
140,149
14, 270 - 3 .1
334,032
21,812 +10.4
444,077
3,187 - 5 .1
84, 775
+ 1 .6
+ 6 .0
+ 1 .2
-.2
+ 3.4
+ 3.9
- 5 .4
+ 1.4
- 6 .9
570
75
52
40
192
31
45
108
27
424,201
97, 767
48, 568
277, 866
+ .9
- 1 .4
+ 2 .0
+ 1 .5
2,160
559
281
1,320
+ 2 .7 10, 608,184
+ 1 .2 2, 361,143
+ 2 .0 1,165,452
+ 3 .4 7 ,081,589
Dollars
894,538
123,964
83, 595
52, 315
373,801
13,336
65,160
157, 796
24, 571
+ 4.7
+ 1 .4
+ 3 .0
+ 3 .2
+ 6 .3
+ 9 .2
- 1 .9
+ 8 .6
- 1 .5
+ 5 .0 5,756,880
+ 2 .8 1, 274,852
+ 2 .8
603, 620
+ 6 .2 3, 878,408
+. 8
- 3 .8
+ 1.9
+ 2.3
39,580 +10.6
5,057 + 7.3
3, 657 + 7 .6
1,833 + 3 .6
15, 781 + 8 .5
689 + 9 .4
2, 917
+• 6
8, 760 +25.7
886 + 1 .4
236,201
55, 648
26,800
153,753
10 Includes banks, insurance, and office employment.
Industrial and Business Employment and Pay Rolls in Principal Cities
A c o m p a r i s o n of July employment and pay rolls with the June
totals in 13 cities of the United States having a population of 500,000
or over is made in table 9. The changes are computed from reports
received from identical establishments in both months.
In addition to reports included in the several industrial groups regu
larly covered in the survey by the Bureau, reports have also been se
cured from establishments in other industries for inclusion in these
city totals. As information concerning employment in building con
struction is not available for all cities at this time, figures for this in
dustry have not been included in these city totals.
Table 9.— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establish
ments in June and July 1936, by Principal Cities
City
Num ber of Num ber on Percentage
establish
pay roll change from
June 1936
ments
July 1936
Amount of
pay roll (1
week) July
1936
Percentage
change from
June 1936
New York, N . Y _______________________
Chicago, 111______________ ____________
Philadelphia, P a .--------- --------------- --------Detroit, M ich _________________________
Los Angeles. Calif_____________________
16,785
4,186
2,489
1, 570
2,684
664,038
401, 760
214, 294
335, 472
128, 913
- 1 .6
+ .2
+ .3
-2 .3
+ 1 .4
Cleveland, Ohio................................
St. Louis, M o _______________________ _
Baltimore, M d _ _ _________ _____________
Boston, Mass__________________________
1, 783
1, 543
1,257
4,068
133,827
121,480
87,866
170, 083
+ .6
+ .6
-.4
+ 1 .2
3, 377, 714
2,850,477
1,997,175
4,096,417 .
- 2 .6
+ 1.3
- 1 .9
+ 2 .8
Pittsburgh, Pa-------------------------------------San Francisco, Calif______________ ____
Buffalo, N. Y _____________________ ____
Milwaukee, W is___________ _________
1,415
1,414
1, 030
728
187, 277
79,106
75, 887
73, 971
-.7
+ 1 .2
-1 .0
- 1 .3
4, 745,196
2, 091,093
1,870,314
1,802, 541
-2 .7
+ .9
-.9
- 3 .6
$17,677,464
10,405,886
5,278,451
9,872, 225
3,329,691
- 0 .7
-.6
+ .5
- 3 .9
+ 1 .7
22
Public Employment
E m p l o y m e n t created by the Federal Government includes employ
ment in the regular agencies of the Government, employment on the
various construction programs wholly or partially financed by Federal
funds, and employment on relief-work projects.
Construction projects financed by the Public Works Administration
are those projects authorized by title II of the National Industrial
Recovery Act of June 16, 1933. This program of public works was
extended to June 30, 1937, by the Emergency Relief Appropriation
Act of 1935.
The Works Program was inaugurated by the President in a series
of Executive orders by authority of Public Resolution No. 11,
approved April 8, 1935. Employment created by this program
includes employment on Federal projects and employment on projects
operated by the Works Progress Administration. Federal projects
are those conducted by Federal agencies which have received allot
ments from the Works Program fund. Projects operated by the
Works Progress Administration are those projects conducted under
the supervision of the W . P. A.
The emergency conservation program (Civilian Conservation
Corps) created in April 1933 has been further extended under authority
of the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935.
Executive Service o f the Federal Government
S t a t is t ic s of employment in the executive branches of the Federal
Government in July 1935, June 1936, and July 1936 are given in
table 10.
Table 10,— Employees in the Executive Service of the U. S. Government, July
1935, June and July 1936 1
[Subject to revision]
District of Colum bia3
Outside District of
Columbia
Entire service2
Perma Tem
Total
nent porary 3
Perma T em
Total
nent porary 3
Item
Perma Tem
porary
nent
N um ber of employees:
July 1935........................ . 94,222 10,525
June 1936......................... 107. 913
9,557
July 1936. ........................ 107; 138
9,123
Percentage change:
July 1935 to July 1936.. +13.71 -1 3 .3 2
June 1936 to July 1936. _ -0 .7 2
-4 .5 4
Labor turn-over, July 1936:
Additions «......„ ........ .
1, 941
1,407
Separations ®__________
2,951
1, 521
Turn-over rate per 100_____
15.06
1.81
Total
104,747 527,515 103,619 631,134 621,737 114,144 735,881
117,470 604,503 102,653 707,156 712,416 112,210 824,626
116,261 609,396 105,204 714,600 716,534 114,327 *830,861
+10.99 + l f . 52
-1 .0 3
+0.81
3, 348
4,472
2.86
12, 596
8,862
1.46
+ 1. 53 +13.22 +15.25
+2.49 +1.05
+0.58
+ .1 6
+1.89
+12.91
+ 0.7 6
22,399
17, 855
17.18
23,806
19,376
17.11
38, 343
31,189
3.77
34,995
26, 717
3. 76
14, 537
11,813
1.65
1 Data on number of employees refer to em ployment on last day of month.
2 Includes employees of Columbia Institution for the Deaf and Howard University.
3 N ot including field employees of Post Office Department or 29,906 employees hired under letters of
authorization b y the Department of Agriculture with a pay roll of $1,489,766.
4 Includes 919 employees b y transfer previously reported as separations b y transfer not actual additions
for July.
fi N ot including employees transferred within the Government service, as such transfers should n o t'b e
regarded as labor turn-over.
23
Tlie monthly record of employment in the executive departments of
the United States Government from July 1935 to July 1936, inclusive,
is shown in table 11.
Table 11.— Employment in the Executive Departments of the United States
Government by Months, July 1935 to July 1936
[Subject to revision]
M onth
1935
July........... ........... .
August____________
September................
October.....................
N ovem ber................
D ecem ber_________
District
of C o
lumbia
Outside
District
of Co
lumbia
Total
M onth
104,747
107,037
109,197
110,585
111, 199
112,091
631.134
663,086
678,229
687,115
690,202
704.135
735,881
770,123
787,426
797, 700
801,401
816, 226
1936
January...... ........ .
February..................
M arch.......................
A pril-------------- ------M a y...........................
J u n e .......... .............
J u ly .........................
District
of C o
lumbia
Outside
District
of Co
lumbia
111, 800
112,708
112,739
115,422
117,229
117,470
116, 261
689,499
687,626
693,665
695,345
700,999
707,156
714,600
Total
801,299
800,334
806,404
810,767
818,228
824,626
830,861
Construction Projects Financed by the Public W orks Administration
D e t a i l s concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
during July1 on construction projects financed by Public Works
Administration funds are given in table 12, by type of project.
Federal construction projects are financed by allotments made by
the Public Works Administration to the various agencies and depart
ments of the Federal Government from funds provided under the
National Industrial Recovery Act. The major portion of the lowcost housing program now under way, however, is financed by funds
provided under the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935.
The work is performed either by commercial firms, which have been
awarded contracts, or by day labor hired directly by the Federal
agencies.
Non-Federal projects are financed by allotments made by the
Public Works Administration from funds available under either the
N ational Industrial Recovery Act or the Emergency Relief Appropri
ation Act of 1935. Most of the allotments have been made to the
States and their political subdivisions, but occasionally allotments
have been made to commercial firms. In financing projects for the
States or their political subdivisions from funds appropriated under
the National Industrial Recovery Act, the Public Works Adminis
tration makes a direct grant of not more than 30 percent of the total
labor and material cost. When funds provided under the Emergency
Relief Appropriation Act of 1935 are used to finance a non-Federal
project, as much as 45 percent of the total labor and material cost
may be furnished in the form of a grant. The remaining 55 percent
or more of the cost is financed by the recipient. When circumstances
1 Data concerning projects financed by Public Works Administration funds are based on month ending
July 15.
24
Table 12.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed From Public
Works Administration Funds, Month Ending July 15, 1936
[Subject to revision]
Wage earners
T yp e of project
Maximum W eekly
number
employed 1 average
M onthly
pay-roll
disburse
ments
N um ber of Aver
age
man-hours
earn
worked
during
ings per
hour
month
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
Federal projects—Financed from N . I. R . A. funds
All projects2.......... ............... .............
Building construction 2____ ______
Forestry. ........................ ........... __
Naval vessels ____________________
Public roads 4 ____________________
R eclam a tion ..______ ___ __________
River, harbor, and flood control___
Streets and roads__________________
W ater and sewerage_____________ .
Miscellaneous____ ________________
3101,160
94,962
$9, 063, 845
12,330, 586
19,253
3
21,837
(5)
14,027
18,034
2, 722
127
798
16,162
3
21,306
24, 359
13, 601
16, 273
2, 366
116
776
1, 612, 096
363
2, 750, 606
1, 247,410
1, 392,450
1,859, 634
112,478
8,056
80, 752
1, 849, 246
330
3, 441,222
2,304, 760
1,992,668
2,366, 744
262,437
13, 462
99, 717
$0. 735
$11, 520,121
.872
2, 665,843
1.100
.799 ~~’ I ’ 479^793
.541
1, 680,000
3,613,814
.699
.786
1, 759, 515
.429
143,688
.598
6, 734
.810
170, 734
Non-Federal projects—Financed from N . I. R . A . funds
A ll projects..... ....................... .............
58,390
48, 558
$4, 658, 775
5,190, 713
$0. 898
$8, 530, 946
Building construction____ _________
Streets and roads_________________
Water and sewerage___________ __
Miscellaneous. _______ _____________
27, 234
9,046
18, 582
3, 528
22, 473
7, 228
15,860
2, 997
2, 265,195
562, 703
1, 622,305
208, 572
2, 306, 783
726, 309
1, 782, 290
375,331
.982
.775
.910
.556
3, 794, 373
1, 032,913
2, 462, 844
1, 240,816
Non-Federal "transportation loan” projects— Financed from
N . I. R. A. funds
A ll projects _ ______ ______________
7, 267
(6)
Railroad construction. ___________
Railroad car and locom otive shops.
Operated by railroads.________
Operated b y commercial firms.
3,817
3, 450
1, 714
1,736
3, 568
(6)
1,692
(6)
$519,112
957, 552
$0. 542
201,644
317,468
148,670
168,798
457, 940
499, 612
216,105
283,507
.440
.635
.688
.595
(6)
195,028
(6)
79,942
(«)
Non-Federal projects—Financed from E . R . A . A . 1935 funds i
A ll projects. .................... ...................
N
Building construction_____ ______
Electrification. .................. ..................
H eavy engineering____________ ___
Reclam ation______________ ____ __
River, harbor, and flood control___
Streets and roads__________________
W ater and sewerage_______________
Miscellaneous____________ ________
180, 529
117, 847
691
2, 329
781
560
17, 336
39,697
1, 288
148,935 $11, 727, 259
15, 882, 515
$0. 738
$22,874,908
7,921,910
37, 587
155, 322
43,319
46, 643
851, 567
2, 587,370
83, 541
10, 262,469
53,032
186,319
72,880
61,019
1, 321, 676
3,815,841
109, 279
.772
.709
.834
.594
.764
.644
.678
.764
14,119,935
220,783
380, 205
41,818
83,020
2, 264,806
5, 635, 394
128,947
97, 289
571
2,024
678
509
13, 265
33, 586
1,013
\ i M axim um number em ployed during any 1 week of the m onth b y each contractor and Governm ent
agency doing force account work.
2 Includes a maximum of 7,547 and an average of 6,364 employees working on low-cost housing projects
financed from E. R . A. A. funds, who were paid $550,217 for 691,712 man-hours of labor. Material orders
in the amount of $529,593 were placed for these projects. These data are also included in separate tables
covering projects financed from The W orks Program.
3 Includes weekly average for public roads.
4 Estimated b y the Bureau of Public Roads.
6 N ot available; average included in total.
6 Data not available.
7 These data are also included in separate tables covering projects financed b y The W orks Program.
25
justify such action, the Public Works Administration may provide
the grantee with the additional funds by means of a loan. Allotments
to commercial enterprises are made only as loans. All loans made
by the Public Works Administration carry interest charges and have
a definite date of maturity. Collateral posted with the Public Works
Administration to secure loans may be offered for sale to the public.
In this way a revolving fund is provided which enlarges the scope of
the activities of the Public Works Administration.
Commercial loans have been made, for the most part, to railroads.
Railroad work financed by loans made by the Public Works Adminis
tration falls under three headings: First, construction work in the
form of electrification, the laying of rails and ties, repairs to buildings,
bridges, etc.; second, the building and repairing of locomotive and
passenger and freight cars in shops operated by the railroads; and
third, locomotive and passenger- and freight-car building in com
mercial shops.
Monthly Trend
A summary of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
projects financed from Public Works Administration funds from July
1933 to July 1936 is given in table 13.
Table 13.— Employment and Pay Rolls, July 1933 to July 1936, Inclusive, on
Projects Financed From Public Works Administration Funds
[Subject to revision]
M axi
mum
number
of wage
earners i
Year and month
July 1933 to July 1936, inclusive 2________
Number of
man-hours
worked dur
ing month
$729,346,090 1,135,113,366
July to December 1933, inclusive________
January to December 1934, inclusive____
January to December 1935, inclusive 2
1936
January 2_______________________________
February 2______________________________
March 2_________________________________
A p r il2__________________________________
M a y 2_________________________________
June 2___________________________________
July 2___________________________________
M onthly
pay roll
disburse
ments
197,820
176,764
202, 236
264,427
315,393
349, 572
347,346
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of ma
terial orders
placed dur
ing month
$0.643 $1,331,393,936
32, 941,335
308,311,143
254,176,118
61,718,911
523, 561, 666
371,352, 552
3.534
3.589
3.684
75,453,114
610,051,090
417,321,441
14, 399, 381
12, 220,479
13, 981,176
18,915,663
22, 590,878
25,840,926
25,968,991
19,195, 535
16,404, 771
18, 519, 649
25, 203,010
30,377,869
34,418,037
34,361, 366
.750
.745
.755
.751
.744
.751
.756
22,796,818
23,460,743
29,068,402
32,459,393
3 39,778,571
4 37,803,419
43,200,945
1 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month b y each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work. Includes weekly average for public-road projects.
2 Includes employees working on non-Federal projects and low-cost housing projects financed from
E. R . A . A. 1935 funds. These data are also included in tables 14 and 15 covering projects financed by/The
W orks Program.
3 Includes orders placed b y railroads for new equipment.
4 Revised.
T h e Works Program
A d e t a i l e d record of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
on projects financed by The Works Program in July 2 is showrn in
table 14, by type of project.
2 Data concerning projects financed by The Works Program are based on month ending July 15.
26
Table 14,—Employment and Pay-Rolls on Projects Financed by The Works
Program, July 1936
[Subject to revision]
Wage earners
T yp e of project
Maximum
W eekly
number
em p loyed 1 average
M onthly
pay-roll
disburse
ments
N um ber of
man-hours
worked
during
month
A ver
age
earn
ings
per
hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
Federal projects
All p rojects.................... ....................
Building construction. ........... ..........
Electrification...................................
Forestry________________ __________
Grade-crossing elimination________
451,570
35,683
1,108
19,373
36,182
402,093
31,853
919
18,351
29,375
$22,699,760
2,091,929
53,916
1,003,090
1,981,428
48,849,680
3,354,533
98, 509
2,354,154
3,360,664
$0.465
.624
.547
.426
.590
$16,198,583
1,829,322
172,708
668,823
3,923,685
H eavy engineering............. ................
Hydroelectric power plants________
Plant, crop, and livestock conservatio n _ _ _ ____ __
_______________
Professional, technical, and clericalP ublic roads______________________
Reclam ation................. .......... .......... .
229
2, 518
185
2,441
16,414
55,018
31,820
228,478
.516
.241
13, 260
23, 353
48,986
24,905
139,809
84,738
45,858
24,899
114, 261
81,387
1, 715, 983
1,862,374
6, 275, 260
3,595,096
6, 754, 661
2,970, 773
13,480,645
9,104,265
.254
.627
.466
.395
42,947
121,101
4,515,467
1, 238,087
R iver, harbor, and flood control___
Streets and roads................................
W ater and sewerage...........................
Miscellaneous........: ............ ........... .
40,866
7,079
566
9,528
37,495
5,979
425
8, 665
3,206,205
321,058
27, 546
494,443
5,198,833
751.483
60,631
1,100, 231
.617
.427
.454
.449
3, 212, 233
109, 584
4, 937
323,076
P. W . A. projects financed from E. R . A . A . 1935 funds 2
A ll projects.........................................
188,076
155,299
$12,277,476
16, 574,227
$0. 741
$23,404,501
Building construction ........................
Electrification____________________
H ea vy engineering________________
R eclam ation________________ ____ _
125,394
691
2,329
781
103,653
571
2,024
678
8,472,127
37, 587
155,322
43,319
10,954,181
53,032
186, 319
72,880
.773
.709
.834
.594
14, 649, 528
220, 783
380,205
41,818
River, harbor, and flood control___
Streets and roads___________ ______
W ater and sewerage........... ...........
Miscellaneous...... ........................ .......
560
17,336
39,697
1,288
509
13,265
33, 586
1,013
46, 643
851, 567
2,587,370
83, 541
61,019
1, 321, 676
3,815,841
109,279
.764
.644
.678
.764
83,020
2, 264,806
5,635,394
128,947
Projects operated b y W orks Progress Administration
All projects *.........................................
2,412,462
Conservation_______ _ ________ _
Highway, road, and street_________
H ousing___________________________
N ational Youth Administration
112,669
765,382
5, 583
177,584
13,035,743
87,340,756
622, 379
7,640,900
.399
.414
.554
.386
790,742
7,467,212
5,077
61,841
Professional, technical, and clerical.
P ublic building_________ _________
.612
.557
Recreational facilities 8.... .................
259,194
18,769,763 30,650,302
12, 711,822 22,803,770
208,903
194,705 owned or operated
10, 555, utilities.
535 22,252,470
Publicly
231,714
14,091,799 26,325,722
.535
572,041
3,851,980
2,956,931
2,106,689
Sanitation and h e a lt h ______ ______
Sewing, canning, gardening, etc___
Transportation___________ _____
N ot elsewhere classified____ ______
66,265
289,898
52, 752
47,813
.380
.382
.484
.451
1,257,220
509,406
1,190,311
407,628
$122,774,427 265,669,182
5,201,302
36,153,055
344, 747
2,949,473
3,036,457
13,445,584
2,859,259
2,664,631
7,995,299
35,179, 765
5,910,635
5,911,441
$0.462 4$21,177,078
1 M axim um number employed during any 1 week of the month b y each contractor and Governm ent
agency doing force-account work.
2 Includes 180,529 employees working on non-Federal projects and 7,547 employees working on low-cost
housing projects. These data are included in tables 12 and 13 covering projects under the jurisdiction
of P. W . A.
3 Includes data for 18,542 transient camp workers who were paid $523,826 and subsistence for 2,321,113
man-hours on conservation work, etc., and material orders placed valued at $229,987.
4 The value of material orders placed, excluding those for National Y outh Administration projects, is
for the month ending July 31,1936.
These data are for the month ending June 30, 1936, and exclude student-aid projects.
e Exclusive of buildings.
27
Monthly Trend
Employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on projects financed
by The Works Program from the beginning of the program in July
1935 to July 1936 are given in table 15.
Table 15,— Employment and Pay Rolls July 1935 to July 1936, Inclusive, on
Projects Financed by The Works Program
[Subject to revision]
Maximum M onthly pay
number
roll disburse
ments
em ployed1
M onth and year
Number of
man-hours
worked dur
ing month
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of ma
terial orders
placed dur
ing month
Federal projects
July 1935 to July 1936, inclusive..
$149, 299,942
337, 650,157
1.442
$115,020,781
July to December 1935. ............... .
30,077, 743
65,915, 609
.456
32, 116, 942
11,179, 541
12, 529, 207
14,431, 789
16, 563, 885
19,160,510
22, 657, 507
22, 699, 760
25,955,820
29,173,914
35, 243,886
38, 563, 300
43, 267,437
50, 680, 511
48, 849, 680
.431
.429
.409
.430
.443
.447
.465
8,988, 622
9, 684, 578
8,028, 299
12,903,903
12, 668,052
14,431, 802
16,198, 583
1936
January. . .
February.
M arch___
A pril........
M a y _____
June_____
July..........
248,929
298, 589
325, 505
375,865
401,298
453, 012
451, 570
P. W . A . projects financed from E. R . A . A . 1935 funds 2
September 1935 to July 1936, inclusiveSeptember to December 1935........... .
1936
Jan uary.____ __________ ______ _____
February...... ........ ............ .......................
M arch_______________________________
A pril....................................... ..................
M a y ___________ _____ _______________
June...................................................... .
Ju ly _________________________________
23,740
39,848
64, 223
112, 345
149, 334
176,184
188, 076
$45, 778, 500
64,393, 601
I. 711
$103, 514, 705
661, 283
996,091
.664
2,025,494
1,128, 635
1,794,866
3, 032, 280
6, 346, 433
9,101,702
11,435,825
12, 277,476
1, 621, 349
2, 609, 270
4, 525, 546
9, 211, 679
13,011, 674
15, 843, 765
16, 574, 227
696
688
670
689
700
722
741
3,632,378
8,611, 717
10, 548,343
14, 725, 726
20,112,332
20,454, 214
23,404, 501
Projects operated b y Works Progress Administration
$1,103,094,511 2,491, 257, 611
August 1935 to July 1936, inclusive.
August to December 1935____ _____
1936
Jan u a ry ................................................
February............................................. .
M arch........... ........................ ...............
A pril................. ........... ........................
M a y ........................................................
June......... ........................................... .
July____________ ____ ______________
2,755,802
2,900, 645
3,044, 685
2,856, 508
2, 563,185
2, 561, 307
2,412,462
$0.443
$186,891, 220
170, 911, 331
367, 589,041
.465
46,042,303
127,054,184
136, 276,680
142,827,306
143,492,350
131, 535,493
128, 222,740
122, 774,427
310,755, 226
331,916,478
338,477, 216
330, 771, 776
294, 574, 320
281, 504, 372
265, 669,182
.409
.411
.422
.434
.447
.455
.462
19,860,772
17,896,597
17, 592,687
19, 586,594
22,060,924
22, 674, 265
21,177,078
1 Maxim um number em ployed during any 1 week of the month b y each contractor and Government
agency doing force account work.
2 These data are included in tables 12 and 13 covering projects under the jurisdiction of the Public Works
Administration. The data for July includes 180,529 employees working on non-Federal projects and 7,547
employees working on low-cost housing projects.
Emergency Conservation Work
S t a t i s t i c s concerning employment and pay rolls in emergency
conservation work in June and July 1936 are presented in table 16.
28
Table 16.—Employment and Pay Rolls in Emergency Conservation Work, June
and July 1936 1
[Subject to revision]
Number of
employees
A m ount of pay rolls
Group
July
June
July
A ll groups...... ............ .........
404,422
383,279
$18,417,986
$17,969,256
Enrolled personnel_______
Reserve officers__________
Educational advisers 3___
Supervisory and technical
354,110
7, 669
2,054
«40,589
332,041
7,666
1,974
6 41, 598
11,035,080
1,603, 586
352,490
«5,426,830
10, 341,860
2 1, 601,644
340,037
6 5, 685, 715
June
1 Data on number of employees refer to employment on last day of month. Amounts of pay rolls are for
entire month.
2 Revised.
3 Included in executive service table.
4 Includes carpenters, electricians, and laborers.
* 39,453 employees and pay roll of $5,324,066 included in executive-service table.
6 40,061 employees and pay roll of $5,537,013 included in executive-service table.
Employment and pay-roll data for emergency conservation workers
are collected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics from the War Depart
ment, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Com
merce, the Treasury Department, and the Department of the Interior.
The monthly pay of the enrolled personnel is distributed as follows:
5 percent are paid $45; 8 percent, $36; and the remaining 87 percent,
$30. The enrolled men, in addition to their pay, are provided with
board, clothing, and medical services.
Monthly statistics of employment and pay rolls on the emergency
conservation program from July 1935 to July 1936, inclusive, are
given in table 17.
Table 17.— Monthly Totals of Employees and Pay Rolls in Emergency Conservation Work, July 1935 to July 1936 1
[Subject to revision]
M onth
1935
July
August__________________
September______ _______
October
_
_ _
N ovem ber______________
December _
Number
of em
ployees
M onthly pay
roll disburse
ments
483,329
593,311
536, 752
554,143
546, 683
509,126
$22,133, 513
26,293,526
24,455, 343
24,886, 623
24,009, 372
21,949,480
N um ber M onthly pay
of em
roll disburse
ments
ployees
M onth
1936
January_______________ _
February_________ ______
M a rc h .. _________ _ _ _
April____________________
M a y . _ ________
...
June...... ..............................
July--------------------------------
1 Data on number of employees refer to employment on last day of month.
entire month.
2 Revised.
478, 751
454,231
356, 273
391, 002
407, 621
383, 279
404,422
$21,427, 065
20,484, 379
17,251, 772
18, 058,235
18, 610,245
2 17,969, 256
18,417,986
Amounts of pay rolls are for
Construction Projects Financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation
S t a t i s t i c s of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Cor
poration in July 3 are presented in table 18, by type of project.
3 Data concerning projects financed b y the Reconstruction Finance Corporation refer to the month e n d
ing July 15.
29
Table 18.— Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by the ReconstructionjFinance Corporation, by Type of Project, July 1936
[Subject to revision]
Number of
Value of
M onthly man-hours Average material or
Number
earnings ders placed
of wage pay-roll dis worked
during
earners bursements
per hour
during
month
month
T ype of project
$1,063,728
1,436,201
$0.741
$2,050,370
150,006
1,050
Bridges____ __________ ____ _____ ___________
Building construction
928
160,052
____ _________________
224
3,053
Reclamation. ________________ ____________
6,017
689,638
W ater and sewerage................. ................. .........
160,979
Miscellaneous_____________ _________________
1, 624
134,807
113, 643
6, 553
938,471
242,727
1.113
.528
.466
.735
.700
60,333
607,947
A ll projects........................................... ..................
9,843
1,348,908
33,182
1 Includes 280 employees; pay-roll disbursements of $19,663; 22,713 man-hours worked; and material orders
placed during the month amounting to $22,103 on projects financed b y R . F. C. Mortgage Co.
A monthly summary of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours
worked on construction projects financed by the Reconstruction
Finance Corporation from July 1935 to July 1936, inclusive, is given
in table 19.
Table 19.— Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by the Reconstruc
tion Finance Corporation, July 1935 to July 1936
[Subject to revision]
N um ber
ofwage.
earners
M onthly
pay-roll dis
bursements
Number of
man-hours
worked dur
ing month
1935
J u ly.................................. ............................
August............................................... ..........
September___ _________________________
October____ _________________ _________
N ovem ber...... ....................... .......................
D ecem ber_____________ _____________
9,581
9,415
9,301
9,204
9,802
7, 792
$1,001,653
1,020,208
957,846
i 953,383
1 1,002,151
1 870,129
1,349,064
1,367,071
1,271,475
i 1,269,897
1 1,344,959
i 1,161,473
$0,742
.746
.753
i .751
.745
.749
$1,495,108
965,174
1,016,202
i 1,238,053
1 1,411,729
i 1,383,330
1936
January..................... ....................................
February_________ _____ ________ ____ _
M arch_________________________________
April__________________________________
M a y ........... .............. ................... .................
June___________ ______ ________________
J u ly ________________ _______________
7,560
7,961
8,134
10,021
10,988
8, 501
9,843
850,271
905,455
916,059
1,133,880
962,280
941,680
1,063,728
1,093,350
1,179,431
1,193,145
1,479,182
1,244,097
1,252,193
1,436,201
.778
.768
.768
.767
.773
.752
.741
1,355,520
1,436,119
1,385,640
1,292,063
1,441,248
2,527,262
2,050,370
M onth
Average Value of ma
terial orders
eaqn&gs
per hour placed during
month
i Revised.
Construction Projects Financed from Regular Governmental
Appropriations
W h e n e v e r a construction contract is awarded or force-account
work is started by a department or agency of the Federal Govern
ment, the Bureau of Labor Statistics is immediately notified on forms
supplied by the Bureau, of the name and address of the contractor,
the amount of the contract, and the type of work to be performed.
Blanks are then mailed by the Bureau to the contractor or Govern
ment agency doing the work. These reports are returned to the
Bureau and show the number of men on pay rolls, the amounts dis
30
bursed for pay, the number of man-hours worked on the project, and
the value of the different types of materials for which orders were
placed during the month.
The following tables present data concerning construction projects
for which contracts have been awarded since July 1, 1934. The
Bureau does not have statistics covering projects, the contracts of
which were awarded previous to that date.
Data concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
construction projects financed from regular governmental appropri
ations during July 4 are given in table 20, by type of project.
Table 20.— Employment on Construction Projects Financed From Regular
Governmental Appropriations, by Type of Project, July 1936
[Subject to revision]
Number of wage
earners
M onthly
pay-roll
disburse
ments
Number of
man-hours
worked
during
m onth
121,200 $12,424, 667
T ype of project
Maximum W eekly
number
em p loyed 1 average
Value of
material
Average
orders
earnings
per hour placed dur-,
ing month
A ll projects.......................................
2 126,176
18,940,026
$0,656
$22,333,498
Building construction....................
E lectrification................................
Naval vessels...................................
Public roa d s3...................................
Reclam ation.....................................
11,540
60
32,377
(')
1,264
9,741
46
31,900
60,907
1,245
889,606
2,961
4, 593,234
5,318,011
203,731
1,246,253
2,944
5,313,792
9, 550,398
257, 767
.714
1.006
.864
.557
.790
2,200,851
44,136
4,717,369
12,862,386
288
R iver, harbor, and flood con trol..
Streets and roads.............................
W ater and sewerage____ ________
Miscellaneous...................................
16,488
1,963
217
1,360
14,301
1, 774
191
1,095
1,261,185
88,330
13,128
54,481
2,254,462
208, 111
20,709
85, 590
.559
.424
.634
.637
1,043,148
63, 260
58,674
1,343,386
i Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month b y each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work.
* Includes weekly average for public roads.
s Estimated b y the Bureau of Public Roads.
* N ot available; average number included in total.
Employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on construction
projects financed from regular governmental appropriations from
July 1935 to July 1936 are shown, by months, in table 21.
* Data concerning projects financed b y regular governmental appropriations are based on month ending
July 15.
31
Table
21 ,— Employment
on Construction Projects Financed From Regular
Governmental Appropriations, July 1935 to July 1936
[Subject to revision]
Number
of wage
earners
M onthly
pay-roll dis
bursements
Number of
man-hours
worked dur
ing month
Average
earnings
per hour
1935
July------------------------- ---------- ------- ---------A u g u s t ..------------------------------------------September______________ _____________
October______________________ _________
N o v e m b e r......................... .......... ..............
D ecem ber. ............. ............ .............. ..........
25, 788
36,491
45,592
59, 091
63,912
56, 780
$1,890,209
2, 694,822
3,199, 785
4,193,129
4,077,395
3, 707,963
2,752,801
4,137,008
5, 066,873
6,716,798
6, 559,665
5,980,118
$0.687
.651
.632
.624
.622
.620
$3,079,618
4,459,551
5,801,445
7,181,155
6,690,405
6,155,840
1936
January________________________ ______
February............. ................ ........................
M arch______________________ ____ _____
A pril------------------- ---------------------- ------- M a y ............. ..................................................
June............. .......... ............... ......................
J uly................... ......................................—
46,895
43,915
47, 538
60,107
79, 789
102, 376
126,176
3,990, 725
3, 619, 025
3,674,896
5,205, 353
6, 242, 763
8, 631,104
12,424, 667
6,246, 418
5, 545,115
5,814, 569
8, 375,190
10, 262, 637
13, 692,884
18,940,026
.639
.653
.632
.622
.608
.630
.656
5,584, 611
6,669, 016
7,185,019
9,861, 378
12, 559, 367
12, 347,453
22,333,498
M onth
Value of ma
terial orders
placed dur
ing month
State-Road Projects
A r e c o r d of employment and pay-roll disbursements in the con
struction and maintenance of State roads from July 1935 to July
1936, inclusive, is presented in table 22.
Table 22•— Employment on Construction and Maintenance of State Roads,
July 1935 to July 1.936 1
[Subject to revision]
Number of employees working on—
M onth
N ew roads
Mainte
nance
Total
Total pay
roll
1935
August__________ _________ _______________ _________ _
September. ................................................................... .......
October _____________________________________________
Novem ber_____________ ____ ______ ____ _____________
D ecem ber_____ ________ ______________ _____ ________
1936
January______ _______________________________________
February...................................................... ........................ .
M arch___________________________ _____ _____________
A p ril----------------------------- ------------------- ------------------------M a y ____________ ________________ _______ ___________
June____________________ _____ _____ ________________
35,826
40,130
40,431
40,390
32,487
27,046
148,575
163,960
156,187
147,324
139,138
121,690
184,401
204,090
196,618
187,714
171,625
148,736
$8,232,589
9,063,104
8,435,225
8,150,299
7,156,025
6,139, 581
14,358
10, 256
8,150
11,339
16,566
20,773
21,744
105,795
119, 777
133,386
143,305
164,356
165,363
164,956
120,153
130,033
141,536
154,644
180,922
186,136
186,700
7,481,502
7,572,614
7,689,770
8,918,024
10,560,866
11,488,253
11,839, 215
i Excluding employment furnished by projects financed from Public Works Administration funds.
O
@FedFRASER