Full text of Employment and Payrolls : July 1934
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Serial No. R. 150 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR FRANCES PERKINS, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS IS AD OR LUBIN, Commissioner TREND OF EMPLOYMENT JULY 1934 Prepared by Division of Employment Statistics Under the direction of LEWIS E. TALBERT and HER M AN B. BYER UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE W ASHINGTON: 1934 C ONTENTS Industrial: By industries: Page Manufacturing industries______________________________________ 1-13 Nonmanufacturing industries__________________________________ 14-18 Anthracite and bituminous coal mining. Metalliferous mining. Quarrying and nonmetallic mining. Crude-petroleum producing. Public utilities: Telephone and telegraph. Electric light and power and manufactured gas. Electric railroads. Wholesale and retail trade. Hotels. Laundries. Dyeing and cleaning. Banks, brokerage, insurance, and real estate. Building______________________________________________________ 19-22 Class I steam railroads________________________________________ 31-32 By States_________________________________________________________ 22-30 By cities__________________________________________________________ 31 Public: Federal employees_________________________________________________ 32-34 Public Works Administration______________________________________ 34-40 Emergency work relief_____________________________________________ 40-41 Emergency conservation work_____________________________________ 41-42 Public roads not financed b y P .W .A _______________________________ 42-43 Construction projects financed b y R .F .C ___________________________ 43-45 Wage-rate changes_____________________________________________________ 45-49 (ID TREND OF EMPLOYMENT JULY 1934 H E Bureau of Labor Statistics of the United States Department of Labor presents herewith data compiled from pay-roll reports supplied by representative establishments in 90 of the principal manu facturing industries of the country and 18 nonmanufacturing indus tries, covering the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. Additional information is presented concerning employment on Public Works Administration projects, public roads, the Federal service, and class I steam railroads. T MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES A C T O R Y employment and pay rolls decreased 3 percent and 6.8 percent, respectively, from June to July. These declines were due to inventory taking, repairs, vacations, and the closing down of plants over an extended July 4 holiday period. The decreases this year were further augmented by strikes in various localities. In a number of instances, plants reported that operations were affected by the drought and extreme heat. During the preceding 15-year period, 1919-33, inclusive, for which data are available in the Bureau of Labor Statistics, employment declined in July in 12 instances and pay rolls decreased in 13 instances. The only years in which increases in employment in July were shown were 1919, 1929, and 1933. The general indexes of factory employment and pay rolls for July are 78.6 and 60.4, respectively. A comparison of these indexes with those of July 1933 shows gains over the year interval of 9.9 percent in employment and 18.9 percent in pay rolls. The Bureau recently revised its indexes of factory employment and pay rolls. The base now used in computing these index numbers is the average for the 3-year period, 1923-25, taken as 100. This new series of indexes has been adjusted to conform to census trends over the period 1919-31. Prior to March 1934 the indexes of factory employment and pay rolls published by the Bureau of Labor Statis tics were based on the 12-month average of 1926 and were not ad justed to conform to biennial census trends. A short discussion of this revision appeared in the March 1934 Trend of Employment and F (l) 2 a more complete bulletin on this subject is being prepared for publica tion. The July 1934 group and general indexes of factory employ ment and pay rolls on the 1926 base are shown in this pamphlet under the heading “ Index numbers of employment and pay-roll totals in manufacturing.” The indexes of factory employment and pay rolls are computed from reports made by representative establishments in 90 important manufacturing industries of the country. Reports were received in July from 23,671 establishments employing 3,624,826 wage earners, whose weekly earnings during the pay period ending nearest July 15 totaled $67,439,057. More than 50 percent of the wage earners in all the manufacturing industries of the country were covered in these reports. Increases in employment in July were shown in 20 of the 90 manu facturing industries surveyed, while gains in pay rolls were registered in 21. The most pronounced increase in employment was a seasonal rise of 33 percent in canning and preserving. The employment increases of 21.1 percent in the typewriter industry, 14.6 percent in rubber boots and shoes, and 10.7 percent in the cash-register, addingmachine, and calculating-machine industries were due largely to resumption of plant operations in July following the settlement of labor difficulties in certain establishments. The gain of 14.5 percent in the beet-sugar industry was seasonal, while the expansion in the locomotive industry, which began in March, was evidenced by a 9.5 percent rise in employment and reflected the placing of orders for equipment by railroads. Rayon establishments had 8.4 percent more employees on their rolls, while a gain of 8.1 percent in the cottonseed-oil-cake-meal industry marked preliminary activity pre paratory to a later pronounced seasonal expansion. The beverage and ice cream industries reported seasonal gains in employment of 3.2 and 4.7 percent, respectively. A number of establishments in the slaughtering and meat packing industry reported increases due to large receipts of cattle purchased by the Government. The increase of 1.5 percent in employment in the baking industry was due pri marily to the adoption of the N .R .A . code by the industry on July 9. Among the remaining 8 industries reporting increased employment, small seasonal gains were shown in the boot and shoe, woolen and worsted goods, and tin-can industries. The most pronounced decline in employment from June to July (29.1 percent) was shown in the hardware industry. Inventories, vacations, and drought, together with a falling off in demand for automobile hardware, accounted to some extent for this sharp decline. The millinery and women’s clothing industries reported seasonal losses in employment of 22.5 percent and 21 percent, respectively. The silverware industry reported a decline of 11.5 percent, aircraft 3 10.9 percent, and shirts and collars 10.4 percent. Employment in shipbuilding declined 9.6 percent and the aluminum-manufactures industry showed a falling off of 9.3 percent. Employment in the blast furnace, steel works, rolling mills industry decreased 8.4 percent over the month interval, and pay rolls showed a decline of 30.5 per cent due to reduced plant operations during the July 15 pay period. Among the remaining 61 industries in which employment decreased in July, declines in industries of major importance were automobiles, 7.8 percent; foundry and machine-shop products, 5 percent; saw mills, 3.8 percent; machine tools, 2.6 percent; cotton goods, 2.1 per cent; and newspapers, 2 percent. A comparison of employment and pay rolls for individual indus tries in July 1934 with July 1933 shows more workers in 67 industries in July of this year and larger pay rolls in 75 industries. Dividing the manufacturing industries into “ durable” and “ non durable” goods groups, the former group shows decreases in em ployment and pay rolls of 4.8 percent and 12.5 percent, respectively. The latter group shows a falling off of 1.6 percent in both employ ment and pay rolls. The “ durable” goods group is composed of the following subgroups: iron and steel , machinery , transportation EQUIPMENT, RAILROAD REPAIR SHOPS, NONFERROUS METALS, LUM BER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS, and STONE-CLAY-GLASS. Per capita weekly earnings for all manufacturing industries com bined decreased 4 percent from June to July, and increased 8.2 percent from July 1933 to July 1934. Gains from June to July were shown in 24 of the 90 individual manufacturing industries surveyed and ranged from less than one-tenth of 1 percent to 17.8 percent. The per capita earnings shown in the following table must not be confused with full-time weekly rates of wages. They are per capita weekly earnings, computed by dividing the total amount of pay roll for the week by the total number of employees (part-time as well as full-time workers). Man-hour data supplied by identical establishments in June and July 1934 showed a decrease for all manufacturing industries com bined of 4.3 percent in average hours worked per week over the month interval and an increase in average hourly earnings of 0.9 percent. Seventeen of the industries covered showed increases in average hours worked and 60 reported increased hourly earnings. As all reporting establishments do not furnish man-hour information, the Bureau’s figures on average hours worked per week and average hourly earnings are necessarily computed from data furnished by a smaller number of establishments than are covered in the monthly survey of manufac turing industries. Average hours worked per week and average hourly earnings are presented for only those manufacturing indus 4 tries for which available information covers at least 20 percent of all the employees in the industry. In table 1, which follows, are shown indexes of employment and pay rolls in July 1934 for each of the 90 manufacturing industries surveyed, for the 14 major groups and 2 subgroups into which these industries are classified, and for manufacturing as a whole, together with percentages of change from June 1934 and July 1933. Per capita weekly earnings in July 1934, together with percentages of change from the previous month and from July of the previous year for each of the 90 manufacturing industries and for manufacturing as a whole, are also presented in this table. Average hours worked per week in July 1934 and average hourly earnings, together with percentages of change from June 1934 and July 1933, are likewise presented for manufacturing as a whole and for those industries for which manhour data covering at least 20 percent of the total employees in the industry were received. T a b le 1.—EM PLOYM EN T, W EE K LY PAY ROLLS, PER CAPITA W EEKLY EARNINGS, AVERAGE HOURS WORKED PER WEEK, AND AVERAGE HOURLY EARNINGS IN M ANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES IN JULY 1934 AND COMPARISON W ITH JUNE 1934 AND JULY 1933 Industry Total m a n u fa ctu rin g 2------ ------ ------------Iron and steel and their products, n ot includ ing m achinery.__________________ _________ Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills---Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets---------------------Cast-iron p ipe.------------------------ -------- ------Cutlery (not including silver and plated cut lery), and edge tools.______________________ Forgings, iron and steel--------------------------------Hardware--------------------------------------------------Plumbers’ supplies------- ------------------------------Steam and hot*water heating apparatus and steam fittings______________________ ______ Stoves---------- ------ -----------------------------------Structural and ornamental metal work......... . Tin cans and other tinware_________ _________ Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools, files, and saws)------- ---------------------------------Wirework--------------------------------------- -----Machinery, n o t including transportation equipm ent. _________ ______ _____________ Agricultural implements..................................... Cash registers, adding machines, and calculat ing machines____ ___________ ____ _________ Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies.. Engines, turbines, tractors, and water wheels... Foundry and machine-shop products................. Machine tools______________________________ Radios and phonographs------------------------- ----Textile machinery and parts_________ ____ ___ Typewriters and parts_______________________ Footnotes at end o f table. Per capita weekly earnings 1 Pay roll Employment Percentage Percentage Index Index change from— change from— July July 1934 1934 (3-year (3-year average June June July July average 1923-25 1934 1923-25 1934 1933 1933 = 100) =100) 78.6 -3 .0 +9.9 60.4 -6 .8 Aver age in July 1934 +18.9 ' $18.60 Percentage change from— June 1934 July 1933 -4 .0 +8.2 Average hours worked per week 1 Aver age m July 1934 Percentage change from— June 1934 July 1933 333.4 -4 .3 -19.5 Average hourly earnings 1 Aver age in July 1934 Percentage change from— June 1934 July 1933 Cents 3 55.6 +0.9 +31.4 70.3 72.4 79.8 51.9 -8 .0 -8 .4 -5 .9 -3 .2 +13.8 +16.6 +2.0 +20.1 47.6 47.9 55.4 27.4 —24.0 -30.5 -14.1 -5 .0 +15.0 +15.7 +12.4 +24.0 75.4 51.5 51.8 64.0 -5 .3 -12.7 -29.1 -.5 +22.8 +24.7 -11.9 -8 .0 53.4 34.3 34.8 36.4 -5 .4 -19.9 -33. 6 -4 .9 +20.3 +28.9 -17.9 -6 .7 19.18 19.26 16.06 16.93 -.1 -8 .2 -6 .2 -4 .4 -2 .2 +4.0 -6 .7 +1.9 35.4 32.9 30.0 31.3 -.8 -7 .6 -.7 -7 .1 -17.3 -19.5 -23. 5 -18.6 53.7 59.1 53.9 53.7 + .2 -.8 -5 .1 +3.3 +18.1 +25.0 +20.6 +28.3 48.3 86.6 59.0 99.6 -1 .8 -8 .0 -1 .1 +3.0 -9 .4 +23.7 +29.7 +21.8 31.2 56.5 40.6 94.5 -2 .0 -14.6 -4 .9 + .5 +3.3 +20.7 +69.2 +21.8 21.07 17.79 19. 73 19.62 -.2 -7 .2 -3 .8 -2 .4 +13.8 -1 .9 +30.0 - . 1 34.9 32.8 33.2 37.0 -.6 -8 .4 -5 .1 -3 .6 -14.1 -20.9 -1 .1 -14.0 60.0 54.2 59.5 52.8 + .5 +• 7 +1.2 -.8 +25.2 +21.5 +26.9 +13.1 59.3 123.6 -2 .9 -6 .0 +20.0 +13.0 49.0 96.0 -6 .9 -19.5 +27. 6 +7.4 19.10 17.25 -4 .2 -14.3 +6.6 -5 .1 35.3 32.1 -10.9 -13.5 -18.8 -22.4 54.2 53.0 +8.4 -1 .5 +31.4 +40 6 78.6 69.3 -2 .7 -5 .5 +35.3 +72.8 58.1 70.2 104.6 65.1 71.4 69.5 69.1 205.0 71.3 78.1 +10.7 -1 .7 -1 .6 -5 .0 -2 .6 -.5 -2 .6 +21.1 +30.8 +26. 7 +63.4 +31.4 +84.3 +48.6 +13.2 +41.5 86.3 49.8 45.6 51.1 51.5 114.4 56.1 68. § -5 .7 +48.6 -7 .7 +112.7 +14.1 -3 .9 -8 .1 -7 .9 -9 .6 -2 .6 -5 .7 +28.9 +49.1 +39.1 +78.1 +44.8 +95.8 +80.2 +1.4 +91.9 18.06 17.68 14.65 -24.1 -8 .6 -1 .9 -.8 +10.3 +3.1 28.1 31.7 29.2 -24.3 -10.5 -.7 -30.4 -20.9 -21.6 63.5 55.6 50.7 -1 .2 + .4 -3 .1 +40.2 +30.7 +29.7 19.85 -2 .4 +23.1 34.9 -3 .3 +1.6 57.4 +1.2 +23.4 27.12 21.05 22.68 20.35 22.08 17.78 20.59 21.98 +3.1 -2 .3 -6 .6 -3 .0 -7 .2 -2 .1 -3 .2 +6.4 +13.7 +10.0 +9.2 +10.5 +6.6 +21.0 -10.6 +35.7 38.7 33.7 35.8 34.5 36.1 31.9 34.7 38.7 (*) -4 .0 -6 .5 -3 .4 -7 .2 -3 .0 -2 .0 +3.5 -4 .4 -8 .0 -5 .7 -8 .0 -4 .9 -11.7 -25. IT -1 .3 1 71.2 61.3 63.2 59.2 61.1 54.4 61.1 56.7 +3.0 +1.8 -.2 + .3 -.5 -.5 -1 .3 +2.5 +21.4 +19.9 +14.6 +22.9 +12.3 +49.7 +22.0 +34.9 T a b le 1.—EM PLOYM EN T, W EEKLY PAY ROLLS, PER CAPITA W EEKLY EARNINGS, AVERAGE HOURS W ORKED PER WEEK, AND AVERAGE HOURLY EARNINGS IN M ANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES IN JULY 1934 AND COMPARISON W ITH JUNE 1934 AND JULY 1933—Continued Employment Industry Transportation equ ipm ent___________________ Aircraft--.................... ........... ............................ Automobiles___ . _______________ _________ Cars, electric- and steam-railroad_____________ Locomotives.................................. ............... ...... Shipbuilding___________________ ___________ Railroad repair sh ops_____________________ Electric railroad............... ............... ................... Steam railroad........ ....................... ..................... Nonferrous metals and their products. _____ Aluminum manufactures,._______ _______ ____ Brass, bronze, and copper products___________ Clocks and watches and time-recording devices. Jewelry_________ ______ ______ ______________ Lighting equipment __—-------------------------------Silverware and plated ware__________________ Smelting and refining—copper, lead, and zinc Stamped and enameled ware_________________ L um ber and allied products____ Furniture____ _______ ______________________ Lumber: Mill work_________ ____ ______ ____ ______ Sawmills____ ________________ ____ ______ Turpentine and rosin____________ ________- - Stone, clay, and glass products— ____________ Brick, tile, and terra cotta------------------- --------Cement______ _____________________________ Glass......................... .............. ................. ........... Marble, granite, slate, and other products_____ Pottery............................................... ................ Textiles and their products 2 Fabrics2___________ _____ _ Carpets and rugs________________________ Cotton goods___________________________ Per capita weekly earnings 1 Pay roll Percentage Percentage Index Index change from— July change from— July 1934 1934 (3-year (3-year average June July average July June 1923-25 1934 1923-25 1933 1934 1933 =100) =100) 87.8 372.5 98.4 51.3 35.5 69.2 58.3 66.3 57.7 n .2 68.9 75.0 68.2 61.8 61.7 61.3 68.6 90.3 48.8 62.0 37.0 33.8 97.3 54.2 31.7 58.4 89.1 33.1 64.1 85.9 87.0 67.4 92.2 -7 .7 +50.6 -10.9 +14.5 -7 .8 +49.3 -4 .7 +107.7 +9.5 +171.0 -9 .6 +32.3 -2 .5 +12.8 -.7 +1.7 -2 .6 +13.8 -3 .6 +18.6 -9 .3 -4 .7 -4 .1 +8.5 -1 .7 +38.3 -4 .3 +23.8 - . 4 +22.9 -11.5 +38.4 +1.9 +45.0 -2 .9 +12.9 —2.4 +4.7 -.7 -.6 -2 .3 -3 .8 —1.3 -5 .1 -7 .9 -1 .2 -4 .8 -1 .8 -7 .6 —5.5 -3 .2 -1 .6 -2 .1 -4 .4 +9.7 +16.5 +9.9 -4 .8 +16.3 +23.8 -9 .6 +7.6 —10.0 -10.0 + .4 -7 .3 65.4 324.9 70.7 46.3 16.4 55.6 51.1 58.8 50.6 54.1 50.4 54.4 50.3 45.2 49.2 43.6 43.2 72.9 31.6 39.3 23.1 20.9 50.3 36.1 17.0 39.1 69.5 21.5 38.4 62.5 64.4 48.4 66.1 Aver age in July 1934 -16.3 +50.3 -11.3 +16.3 $25.26 -17.6 +44.9 20.06 19.18 -12.9 +155.8 +12.1 +209.4 22.61 -7 .5 +53.6 23.53 —5.0 +27.8 26.30 -1 .4 +11.2 -5 .4 +29.4 24.44 -6 .6 +25.5 -14.6 -5 .1 18.85 -6 .9 +11.5 20.15 16.72 -4 .9 +52.0 17.81 -6 .4 +31.0 -1 .1 +26. 2 18.53 -12.5 +51.4 19.59 20.41 - . 6 +43.5 -8 .9 +35.0 17.01 -6 .8 +14.5 +9.2 14.78 -4 .8 -4 .1 -10.0 -1 .3 -7 .0 -11.8 -1 .9 -5 .3 -6 .0 -12.3 -5 .9 -3 .7 -14.5 +1.1 +1.8 +22.9 +47.1 +20.7 +9.7 +40.6 +29.2 -8 .5 +14.6 -3 .0 -6 .9 -3 .4 -4 .2 Percentage change from— June 1934 July 1933 -0 .6 -10.6 -8 .6 +2.4 +2.3 +1.4 -2 .9 +22.8 +14.2 +16.4 -.7 -2 .9 Average hours worked per week 1 Aver age in July 1934 Percentage change from— June 1934 July 1933 37.6 27.8 33.6 36.3 31.6 -10.0 -13.1 -8 .2 +2.3 + .6 -20.4 -26.6 +11.0 -15.4 -7 .2 +9.6 +13.7 44.0 38.4 -2 .0 -5 .4 -5 .8 -2 .9 -3 .2 -2 .2 -.7 -1 .2 -2 .4 -6 .2 -.2 +2.7 +9.6 +6.3 +2.6 +9.0 -1 .2 +19.8 34.4 35.2 34.2 33.0 36.2 35.1 38.6 33.6 Average hourly earnings 1 Aver age in July 1934 Percentage change from— June 1934 July 1933 66.7 72.1 57.5 62.3 74.1 +9.0 +2.7 -.3 +3.2 +12.3 +30.8 +12.0 +19.9 +30.8 + .8 +13.9 59.3 63.4 +1.4 +2.3 +8.6 +3.1 -7 .8 -3 .6 -4 .7 -.9 -1 .9 -2 .5 -.3 -6 .4 -20.3 -16.3 -17.7 -13.6 -10.7 -14.0 -15.9 -4 .7 54.6 57.4 48.9 54.2 52.5 56.9 52.7 50.6 +1.9 +1.2 +1.7 -1 .5 +1.5 +1.4 -2 .0 + .6 +37.2 +25.6 +29.5 +24.5 +13.2 +31.4 +19.7 +28.8 Cents -4 .2 +9.2 32.3 -5 .6 -23.1 45.1 + .4 +41.3 15.14 13.60 12.33 -1 .8 -6 .5 (<) +6.4 +11.4 +26.4 33.2 32.3 -4 .3 -6 .1 -23.8 -26.0 45.1 42.7 +1.6 -.5 +35.3 +49.8 14.08 20.20 18.35 20.35 15.04 -4 .3 -.8 - .5 -4 .3 -5 .2 +14.7 +20.7 +4.4 + .8 +6.4 32.3 34.7 33.2 30.5 29.9 -2 .7 -2 .3 -2 .6 -4 .4 -4 .2 -14.0 -8 .7 -16.2 -4 .5 -12.0 43.5 57.1 55.6 66.7 49.2 -1 .1 +• 7 +2.8 + .2 -.4 +34.8 +35.4 +22.5 +22.9 +27.4 16.84 11.54 -13.1 +3.2 -3 .9 +3.1 29.1 30.1 -15.9 +4.5 -33.6 -37.9 55.8 37.6 + .4 -1 .1 +44.8 +64.5 82785- Cotton small wares______________________ Dyeing and finishing textiles_____________ Hats, fur-felt............................. .................... Knit goods___________ _________________ Silk and rayon goods____ _______________ Woolen and worsted goods 2_____________ Wearing apparel......................................... ........ Clothing, men’s............................................ Clothing, women’s........... _.......................... . Corsets and allied garments______ _______ Men’s furnishings________________ ______ Millinery............................... ....................... Shirts and collars_______________________ Leather and its m anu factures_______________ Boots and shoes____________________________ Leather____ _________ _____________________ Food and kindred products__________________ Baking______________ _____________________ Beverages.___ ____ _____ ___________________ Butter_________________________ ___________ Canning and preserving................. .................... Confectionery...................... ...................... ......... Flour.......... ............................ ...... ......... ............ Ice cream________ ______ ___________________ Slaughtering and meat packing______________ Sugar, beet__________ ______ _______________ Sugar refining, cane________________________ Tobacco m anufactures______________________ Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff______ Cigars and cigarettes________________ _______ Paper and printing___________________________ Boxes, paper........................ .......... .................... Paper and pulp------------------------------------------Printing and publishing: Book and job.......... ..................................... Newspapers and periodicals______________ Chemicals and allied products, and petroleum refining.----- ---------- ------------------------------------Other than petroleum refining-------------- ------ Chemicals--------- ------ ------ --------------------Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal--------------Druggists’ preparations------- ------ -----------Explosives------------------------------------- -----Fertilizers-------------- ------ ----------------------Paints and varnishes________________ _ Rayon and allied products_______________ Soap.............. - .....................- ....................... Petroleum refining..................................... ........ Footnotes at end of table. 76.2 99.4 76.9 101.9 73.4 70.1 79.8 81.4 89.6 86.8 89.5 50.1 93.7 89.4 89.0 91.5 110.1 116.3 188.9 86.9 120.6 66.4 77.5 90.8 103.5 54.5 82.3 61.1 72.9 59.6 93.4 83.1 104.8 -5 .4 -5 .8 +2.7 -7 .9 -2 .6 +1.9 -10.6 -.3 —21.0 -.8 -6 .9 —22.5 -10.4 +1.9 +2.5 -.1 +4.8 +1.5 +3.2 —2.1 +33.0 -3 .7 +3.6 +4.7 +2.1 +14.5 -8 .0 -3 .1 -.4 -2 .3 -1 .4 -1 .0 -1 .1 -12.5 -2 .8 +• 1 -4 .9 -11.4 -27.0 -9 .6 -6 .3 —8.7 -1 .6 -17.4 —23.3 -14.4 -.1 -1 .4 +6.0 +16.5 +16.9 +13.4 +9.2 +25.4 -3 .6 +13.5 +28.2 +21.5 +14.3 +5.4 +1.3 +1.3 +1.4 +11.1 +7.8 +16.6 59.2 70.6 83.2 86.0 55.9 60.1 55.3 54.5 60.9 69.4 56.7 37.7 82.2 77.2 76.2 79.2 95.6 98.2 193.5 66.6 103.6 55.4 65.0 72.6 91.4 40.7 65.9 47.3 67.0 44.8 77.3 71.6 77.1 -6 .4 -3 .1 +21.0 -14.0 -5 .3 +2.0 -10.4 -.2 —16.1 -9 .1 -15.0 —26.8 -12.6 +5.9 +8.0 -.8 +4.0 +1.7 +6.0 -2 .1 +23.0 -4 .6 +3.6 +5.3 +4.9 +4.8 -14.8 -.4 + .6 -.8 -2 .0 -3 .0 -1 .8 -14.8 -13.5 +24.0 +8.9 -1 .4 -28.5 +8.6 +6.2 +17 3 +1.2 -8 .3 —16.4 +14.0 +6.6 +6.7 +5.9 +24.5 +20.0 +20.3 +9.0 +47.6 +16.4 +15.7 +32.7 +37.4 +8.0 -10.2 +8.5 +9.8 +8.2 +13.8 +9.6 +12.9 83.7 96.8 -1 .3 -2 .0 +10.9 +7.4 70.3 84.8 -1 .0 -3 .1 105.3 103.8 112.3 54.8 93.8 92.0 71.0 101.2 296.8 97.7 111.7 + .8 +. 9 +. 6 +8.1 -3 .1 -3 .9 -4 .6 -4 .6 +8.4 -2 .2 + .3 +14.1 +13.9 +27.8 -18.6 +8.6 +26.4 +21.2 +10.0 +5.5 +10.5 +15.3 88.7 86.6 96.6 53.7 86.1 71.0 56.9 78.8 208.6 84.3 95.7 + .7 (4) +• 5 +11.9 -4 .7 -3 .4 -1 .0 -8 .7 +4.3 -2 .0 +2.8 15. 24 16.20 23.91 14.01 14.34 16. 02 -1 .0 +2.8 +17.8 -6 .6 -2 .7 + .1 -2 .6 -10.9 +23.7 +14.2 +10.9 -2 .1 33.7 30.8 33.7 30.8 32.2 32.2 15.76 17.48 13.94 12.27 17.37 12.41 +• 1 +6.3 -8 .3 -8 .6 —5.4 -2 .4 +13.4 +28.9 +3.4 +11.3 +9.3 +33.2 31.3 28.4 31.6 18.44 19.84 +5.3 - .7 +7.7 + .1 36.9 36.3 22.11 31.12 21.42 11.19 14.98 21.21 24.81 22.46 20.19 21.37 + .2 +2.7 (5) -7 .6 -1 .0 (4) +. 6 +2.8 -8 .4 -7 .3 +2.9 +6.0 + .1 +36.2 +20.3 +2.0 +3.9 +13.2 -5 .7 -15.0 40.9 40.0 13.84 13.53 + .9 +1.5 17.70 18.27 +18.2 +12.3 +19.7 +20.4 +29.8 -12.3 +14.2 +36.3 +34.2 +10.7 +17.7 +13. 5 +17.6 -.6 +2.7 + .9 -7 .5 -2 .1 + .6 -25.4 -39.2 -3 .8 -29.3 -23.9 -32.4 45.8 52.8 73.6 45.6 44.6 49.7 -.9 +1.3 +10.8 +1.8 —, 7 -.4 +35.1 +46.6 +53.7 +59.8 +44.2 +13.7 -28.5 56.2 +2.9 +64.3 -20.5 -23.8 47.0 41.3 -.6 +1.7 +28.9 +83.6 -2 .2 -8 .7 39.4 +2.1 +54.1 +2.2 -2 .4 -30.9 -19.1 50.7 52.5 + .2 +1.0 +42.1 +27.9 -2 .2 -.5 -12.3 -17.5 54.0 78.0 +3.1 +2.9 +19.3 +31.9 26.8 34.2 38.5 46.9 42.3 34.2 35.6 -13.3 -6 .3 -.3 +• 2 +5.0 -11.9 -9 .2 -17.8 +1.4 -17.8 -11.0 -13.4 -18.5 -27.8 39.2 43.1 54.5 52.9 53.1 59.9 57.9 (<) +4.4 +1.5 + .6 (4) + .5 +1.4 +30.4 +24.8 +29.1 +12.5 +31.2 +14.4 +20.0 +8.5 +6.6 34.5 36.2 +1.2 +2.5 -11.7 -13.5 38.8 37.7 + .3 + .3 +22.6 +24.3 -1 .9 -.7 +2.1 -3 .0 35.7 35.7 -1 .4 -.8 -21.3 -23.1 50.0 51.4 +1.0 + .8 +31.6 +27.9 26.11 31.97 + .3 -1 .1 +6.3 +4.7 35.6 36.5 -.3 -1 .6 -4 .5 -6 .9 73.2 83.9 + .7 + .2 +9.3 +12.1 23.88 11.35 19.80 22.18 13.92 20. 73 18.56 20.72 27.55 +2.2 -.1 +7.8 +3.5 +5.0 -1 .7 + . 5 +8.2 +3.8 +10.8 -4 .3 +. 4 -3 .8 +11.5 +• 1 +2.4 +2.6 +2.1 39.0 40.9 37.2 33.7 33.7 35.7 36.4 37.4 35.2 + .8 +2.3 -2 .6 (<) +1.8 -6 .3 -2 .9 -1 .1 + .9 -10.5 -33.1 -4 .5 -12.5 -29.7 -16.9 -10.7 -18.1 -12.3 61.4 28.2 49.2 62.3 41.2 57.7 51.0 55.3 76.2 +• 7 +2.9 +. 6 +4.9 +1.5 +2.5 -.8 + .9 +1.7 +15.2 +63.8 +10.6 +18.1 +55.3 +21.9 +29.6 +21.0 +23.7 28.3 -3 .1 -9 .8 -9 .6 T a b l e 1 . — E M PLO Y M E N T, W E E K L Y PAY ROLLS, PER CAPITA W E E K L Y EARNINGS, AVERAGE HOURS W O RKED PER W EEK, AND AVERAGE HOURLY EARNINGS IN M AN U FA C TU RIN G INDUSTRIES IN JULY 1934 AND COMPARISON W ITH JUNE 1934 AND JULY 1933—Continued Per capita weekly earnings 1 Pay roll Employment Percentage Percentage Index change from— change from— July July 1934 1934 (3-year (3-year average June July July average 1923-25 1934 1923-25 June 1934 1933 1933 = 100) =100) Industry Rubber products_____________________________ Rubber boots and shoes..______ ____________ Rubber goods, other than boots, shoes, tires, and inner tubes___________________________ Rubber tires and inner tubes____ _____ _______ Aver age in July 1934 Percentage change from— June 1934 July 1933 Average hours worked per week 1 Aver age in July 1934 Percentage change from— June 1934 July 1933 Average hourly earnings 1 Aver age in July 1934 Percentage change from— June 1934 July 1933 Cents 83.9 53.4 -2 .0 +14.6 +8.4 +17.4 61.9 49.4 -6 .9 +20.1 +2.5 +17.3 $17.56 +4.8 +2.7 36.8 +3.4 -11.3 47.3 +1.9 +20.5 122.1 77.4 -1 .7 -5 .2 +10.2 +5.7 87.5 55.9 -12.0 -8 .5 +2.2 0) 16.70 22.70 -10.4 -3 .4 -7 .3 -,5 31.5 29.1 -13.2 -4 .0 -25.4 -25.3 51.0 77.4 -.4 +1.3 +18.5 +27.5 1 Per capital weekly earnings are computed from figures furnished by all reporting establishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data fur nished by a smaller number of establishments as some firms do not report man-hour information. Figures for groups not computed. Percentages of change over year on per capita weekly earnings, average hours worked per week, and average hourly earnings computed from indexes. Percentage change over month on per capita weekly earnings for total manufacturing also computed from indexes. a More complete data have made a revision of the June indexes, averages, and percentage changes necessary for total manufacturing, textiles and their products, fabrics, and woolen and worsted goods. The revised figures follow: Industry Index June 1934 All industries-------------- ---------- --------------------------Textiles and their products_________ ___________ Fabrics___________ .. ___________ ________ Woolen and worsted goods.._________ _________ ^Weighted. 81.0 90.9 89.9 68.8 Per capita weekly earnings Pay roll Employment Percentage change from— May 1934 June 1933 -1 .7 -5 .4 -5 .3 -8 .6 +21.1 +1.3 +1. 7 -19.0 Index June 1934 64.8 66.4 66.9 49.1 Percentage change from— May 1934 June 1933 -3 .4 -10.4 -10.7 -9 .2 +37.3 +12.0 +7.0 -20.2 <No change. Aver age in June 1934 Percentage change from— Average hours worked per week May 1934 June 1933 Aver age in June 1934 $19.48 -1 .7 +13.3 16.07 -.7 -1 .5 Percentage change from— May 1934 June 1933 34.8 -2 .5 -16.1 32.1 -2 .7 -31.9 « Less than Ho of 1 percent. Average hourly earnings Aver age in June 1934 Percentage change from— May 1934 June 1933 Cents 54.9 +0.4 +31.1 50.0 +2.0 +15.4 9 Estimated Total Number of Wage Earners and Weekly Pay Rolls in Manufacturing Industries I n t h e following table are presented the estimated number of wage earners and weekly pay rolls in all manufacturing industries combined and in the 14 groups into which these manufacturing industries have been classified, for the years from 1919 to 1933, inclusive, and for the first 7 months of 1934. These estimates have been computed by multiplying the weighting factor of the several groups of industries (number employed or weekly pay roll in the index base period 1923-25) by the Bureau’s index numbers of employment or pay rolls (which have been adjusted to conform with census trends over the period 1919-31) and dividing by 100. Data are not available for all groups over the entire period shown. The totals for all manufacturing industries combined, however, have been adjusted to include all groups. The estimated total employment and weekly pay rolls for all manufacturing industries combined do not include the manufactured-gas industry (which is included in the Bureau’s electric light and power and manufactured-gas industry) or the motion-picture industry. T 2 .—ESTIM ATED N U M BER OF W AGE EARNERS AND W E E K L Y WAGES IN ALL M AN UFACTU RIN G INDUSTRIES COM BINED AND IN IN DU STRY GROUPS—Y E A R L Y AVERAGES 1919 TO 1933, INCLUSIVE, AND MONTHS, JANUARY TO JULY 1934, IN C LU SIVE able Year and month Total manu facturing Iron and steel and their products Machinery, not includ Transpor tation ing trans portation equipment equipment Railroad repair shops Nonferrous metals and their prod ucts E m ploym en t 1919 average,-____________ 1920______________________ 1921______________________ 1922______________________ 1923______________________ 1924______________________ 1925______________________ 1926______________________ 1927______________________ 1928______________________ 1929______________________ 1930______________________ 1931______________________ 1932______________________ 1933______________________ 1934: January. ________ __ February.. _ . . . __ _ March_______ _____ April_________ _____ M ay______ _______ June.. _ ____ July_________________ 8, 983,900 9, 065, 600 6, 899, 700 7, 592, 700 8, 724, 900 8, 083, 700 8, 328, 200 8, 484,400 8, 288, 400 8, 285,800 8, 785, 600 7, 668,400 6,484, 300 5, 374, 200 5, 778, 400 6,146,000 6, 514, 200 6, 770,100 6,897, 800 6,904, 300 2 6, 791,700 6, 585, 000 858,600 926, 300 572,400 722, 500 892,400 833, 700 851, 200 880, 200 834,900 829, 800 881, 000 766, 200 598,400 458,100 503,400 545, 500 572,200 601,400 623, 700 646, 000 656,400 603, 900 1,026,800 1,131, 700 680, 700 717,400 928,600 835,400 870, 500 946, 700 897,800 922, 500 1,105, 700 918,700 687,000 494,600 517,100 614, 700 640,100 674, 400 705,100 713, 900 709,500 690, 200 0) 0) 0) 0) 606, 200 524, 500 559,600 558, 600 495,100 541,900 583,200 451, 800 373,800 315, 700 305, 600 401, 200 477,300 526, 300 558, 400 560,100 535,900 494, 800 0) 0) 0) 0) 523,700 464,900 458,100 460, 700 428,900 404,000 398,200 353,800 309,000 257,400 250,600 254, 500 257,400 267, 600 278, 700 287, 300 288, 300 281,100 0) 0) 0) 0) (0 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 209,000 164, 200 175, 200 190, 200 200,400 212,200 217,300 219,900 214, 500 206,900 Weekly pay rolls $198,145,000 $23,937, 000 $24, 534,000 0) 0) 238,300,000 30, 531, 000 31,982,000 (0 0) 155,008, 000 14, 049, 000 16,450,000 (0 0) 165,406,000 17,400,000 16,982,000 0) 0) 210, 065, 000 25,442,000 24,618, 000 $18, 532, 000 $14,856, 000 195, 376,000 23,834,000 22, 531, 000 15,636,000 12,972,000 204, 665, 000 21, 680,000 23, 843,000 17, 478,000 12,847,000 211,061,000 25,875,000 26, 310, 000 17,126,000 13, 025,000 206,980,000 24, 289,000 25, 095,000 15,450,000 12,475,000 ! 2 Revised. i Comparable data not available. 1919 average____ ____. . . 1920______________________ 1921______________________ 1922______________________ 1923______________________ 1924______________________ 1925______________________ 1926______________________ 1927________ _____ ______ 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 10 T 2.—E STIM ATED N U M BER OF W AGEIEARNERS AND W E E K L Y WAGES IN ALL M AN UFACTU RIN G INDUSTRIES COM BINED AND IN IN D U STRY GROUPS—Y E A R L Y AVERAGES 1919 TO 1933, INCLUSIVE, AND MONTHS, JANUARY TO JULY 1934, IN C LU SIVE—Continued able Total manu facturing Year and month Iron and steel and their products Machinery, not includ Transpor tation ing trans portation equipment equipment Railroad repair shops Nonferrous metals and their prod ucts Weekly pay rolls—Continued 1928................... 1929.......... ....... 193 0 193 1 193 2 193 3 1934: January.. February. March__ April____ M ay____ June____ July_____ 334.000 $24,740,000 $26, 334,000 $17,494,000 $11,817,000 26, 568,000 31.761.000 18.136.000 12,255,000 21,126,000 24,197, 000 12, 076, 000 10, 316,000 13, 562,000 15.135.000 9.008.000 8, 366,000 7.164.000 8, 546,000 7.012.000 5.793.000 8.925.000 5.652.000 8,975,000 6, 799,000 9, 072, 000 10,134,000 11, 260, 000 5, 710, 000 11, 269,000 12, 253,000 12, 394,000 6.185.000 12, 650,000 13,199, 000 14, 546,000 6, 577,000 14, 006,000 14,311, 000 15.871.000 7.188.000 15,115, 000 14, 713, 000 15,148, 000 7.297.000 15, 436,000 14, 571, 000 13, 444,000 7, 297, 000 6, 931, 000 11, 737, 000 13, 744,000 11, 258,000 221, 937.000 180, 507, 000 137, 256.000 93, 757.000 98, 623.000 109, 806.000 123, 395.000 131, 852.000 136, 962, 000 136, 575.000 2 131, 839.000 122, 806.000 Year and month Lumber and allied products Stone, clay, and glass products Textiles and their products Total 0) 8 $4, 622, 000 2.865.000 3, 039,000 3, 452, 000 3.826.000 4,163, 000 4, 317, 000 4, 441, 000 4, 243,000 3,965, 000 Leather and its manu factures E m ploym en t 1919 average---------------------1920_._____________ _______ 1921___ _____ _____________ 1922______________________ 1923_______________ _______ 1924__________ ___________ 1925______________________ 1926______________________ 1927______________________ 1928______________________ 1929______________________ 1930______________________ 1931______________________ 1932______________________ 1933______________________ 1934: January_______ _____ February____ ______ March____________ _. April____ ___ _ _ May ______________ June____ ____________ July________________ 863,800 821,200 703,000 894,300 932,100 901, 300 921,600 922, 300 864,100 848,100 876, 500 699,400 516,900 377,800 406,100 418,800 432, 600 445,400 453, 700 468,400 459, 200 448,200 302,700 314, 500 253,000 299,600 351, 400 346,400 352,700 363, 500 349,800 334,900 328, 500 280,800 222,800 156,000 157, 500 165, 700 174,400 182, 500 193,700 202,100 200,000 189,900 1,052,600 1, 045, 300 994,300 1,054,900 1,164, 400 1,041, 900 1,109, 500 1,095, 700 1,119,200 1,062,400 1, 095, 900 950,400 886,700 794,100 952, 600 988,400 1, 065,800 1,087,900 1,070, 200 1,049, 200 995,000 961,900 1,609,400 1,612,400 1, 509,400 1, 585, 500 1,714,300 1, 545, 500 1,627,400 1,628, 000 1,694,400 1,651,300 1,706,900 1, 513,000 1,421, 000 1, 250, 300 1,432, 700 1,437,100 1, 577,300 1,629,400 1, 614, 700 1,565,900 1,482,800 1,399,700 349, 600 318,600 280,100 314,600 344,800 311,700 314,200 312, 700 316,000 309,400 318,600 295,100 272,800 255,500 269,400 268, 200 292,100 299,900 298,600 295,700 283, 700 289, 200 $10,121,000 $28,440,000 $6,978,000 7.437.000 6.040.000 6,711, COO 7.472.000 6.654.000 6.831.000 6.909.000 7.009.000 6.696.000 6.915.000 5.748.000 5.035.000 4.060.000 4.394.000 4.716.000 5.708.000 5.896.000 5.736.000 5, 512,000 5.093.000 5,393, 000 507,800 519,400 473,900 487,800 499,300 455,800 466,500 472,800 501,400 513,100 536,700 497,700 472,000 401,800 418,100 385,900 442,800 471, 300 474,100 440,000 423,400 378, 300 Weekly pay rolls 1919 average___ 192 0 1921 ______ ____ 192 2 192 3 ____ 192 4 192 5 192 6 192 7 ____ 192 8 _____ 192 9 193 0 _____ 193 1 193 2 ________ 193 3 ____ 1934: January,.. February.. March___ April____ M ay_____ June_____ July_____ $16,549,000 20.358.000 13.161.000 15.234.000 18, 526,000 18, 228,000 18.824.000 18.997.000 17.916.000 17.454.000 18.062.000 13,464,000 8.641.000 4.656.000 4.900.000 5, 075,000 5.650.000 5.909.000 6.168.000 6,409,000 6, 279,000 5,853, 000 $6,397,000 $17,494,000 8, 239,000 21.005.000 5.907.000 17, 235,000 6.442.000 17, 747,000 8.726.000 21, 590,000 8.926.000 19,014, 000 8.985.000 20,497, 000 9, 257,000 20, 241,000 8.929.000 21.135.000 8, 541,000 19, 510,000 8.323.000 20.251.000 6.828.000 16.167.000 4.786.000 14.308.000 2.588.000 10, 367,000 2.455.000 12.664.000 2.655.000 13.647.000 2.956.000 15,948, 000 3, 081,000 16.457.000 3.445.000 16.152.000 3, 507,000 15, 256, 000 3, 445, 000 13,647, 000 3, 205,000 13,117, 000 1 Comparable data not available. 12.124.000 10, 266,000 10.438.000 10.919.000 9.804.000 10, 284,000 10.297.000 11.123.000 11.114.000 11.476.000 9.680.000 8.338.000 5,733, 000 5.757.000 5.850.000 7,473, 000 8.414.000 7.866.000 7.039.000 6, 377,000 5, 716, 000 2 34.115.000 28, 284,000 28.962.000 33, 511,000 29.712.000 31.795.000 31.731.000 33.817.000 32.199.000 33, 321,000 27.115.000 23, 799,000 16.947.000 19.394.000 20, 526,000 24.676.000 26.164.000 25.277.000 23,472, 000 21.065.000 19, 798, 000 Revised. 11 T 2.—ESTIM ATED NU M BER OF W AGE EARNERS AND W E E K L Y WAGES IN ALL M AN UFACTU RIN G INDUSTRIES COM BINED AND IN IN DU STRY GROUPS—Y E A R L Y AVERAGES 1919 TO 1933, INCLUSIVE, AND MONTHS, JANUARY TO JULY 1934, IN CLU SIVE—Continued able Year and month Foods and kindred products Tobacco manufac tures Chemicals and allied products Paper and printing Rubber products E m ploym ent i 1919 average___________________ 1920___________________________ 1921___________________________ 1922____ _______________________ 1923___________________________ 1924___________________________ 1925___________________________ 1926___________________________ 1927___________________________ 1928___________________________ 1929___________________________ 1930___________________________ 1931___________________________ 1932______ _____________________ 1933___________________________ 1934: January__________________ February........................... ... March____ ____ ___________ April____ ________________ M ay_______ _____________ Ju n e............................. ...... July_____________________ 733, 600 713,000 626,400 651, 400 681,900 657,800 664, 400 664, 400 679,400 707,100 753, 500 731,100 650, 500 577,100 631,000 628, 700 627, 800 643,100 649, 500 665,400 702, 600 735,800 157,000 154,000 149,900 146, 400 146,300 136,700 132,100 125,700 129,300 125, 600 116,100 108,300 99,700 88,600 82, 700 75,400 85,900 89,100 89, 500 84,800 86,400 84,600 510,100 549,100 467,100 489,400 527,400 529, 200 537,100 553, 600 553, 500 558, 300 591, 500 574,100 511,800 451,000 458,400 490, 700 494, 500 497,600 505,100 509,300 503,000 496,000 1 0) 0) C1) 0) 342,700 322,200 334, 200 355,100 346,700 342, 500 384,800 364,700 316,800 279, 700 315,400 359,200 368,300 375, 600 377,400 353, 500 348,100 350,800 0) C1) 0) 0) 137,800 123, 200 141,800 141,200 142,000 149, 200 149,100 115, 500 99,200 87,800 99,300 110,100 113, 600 117,000 120,900 119, 700 115,000 112,700 (l) 0) 0) C1) $8,499,000 8,013,000 8,444,000 9,055,000 8,978,000 8,997,000 10,068,000 9, 334,000 7, 643,000 5,861,000 6,179,000 7,035,000 7, 257,000 7,417,000 7,683,000 7,352,000 7,333,000 7,381,000 0) 0) C1) 0) $3,500,000 3,223,000 3, 676,000 3,707,000 3,810,000 4,069,000 3,986,000 2,934,000 2,165,000 1, 555,000 1,740,000 2,036,000 2, 261,000 2,445,000 2, 546,000 2,438,000 2,306,000 2,147,000 Weekly pay rolls 1919___________________________ 1920___________________________ 1921___________________________ 1922___________________________ 1923___________________________ 1924___________________________ 1925___________________________ 1926___________________________ 1927___________________________ 1928___________________________ 1929___________________________ 1930___________________________ 1931___________________________ 1932___________________________ 1933___ ____ ___________________ 1934: January__________________ February_________________ March______ _ . ______ . April_____________________ May_____________________ June_______________ _ . . . _ July______________________ $14, 879,000 16, 698, 000 14, 333, 000 14,142, 000 15, 296, 000 15,155,000 15, 268, 000 15, 503, 000 15,838,000 16, 388,000 17,344,000 16, 593,000 14,173,000 11,308,000 11, 604,000 12, 301,000 12,352,000 12, 522,000 12,663, 000 13, 296,000 14,008,000 14, 571,000 $2,386,000 2,772, 000 2,325.000 2, 206,000 2,317,000 2,213,000 2,147,000 2,049,000 2,025,000 1,916,000 1,819, 000 1, 617,000 1,336,000 1,052,000 944,000 886,000 1,012,000 1,019,000 1,028,000 1,030,000 1,057,000 1,052,000 $10, 873,000 14, 729,000 12, 259,000 12, 762,000 14,304,000 14, 797,000 15, 506,000 16,478,000 16, 501,000 16,691,000 17, 771,000 17,036,000 14, 461,000 11,126,000 10, 299,000 11,045,000 11, 297,000 11, 550,000 11,847,000 11,981,000 11,728,000 11,491,000 1 Comparable data not available. Index Numbers of Employment and Pay-Roll Totals in Manufacturing Industries G e n e r a l index numbers of factory employment and pay rolls b y months, from January 1919 to July 1934, inclusive, together with average indexes for each of the years from 1919 to 1933, inclusive, and for the 7-month period, January to July 1934, inclusive, based on the 3-year average, 1923-25, as 100, are shown in the following table. A chart of these indexes also follows. E m p lo y m e n t » P a y r o lls m the M a n u fa ctu rin g In d u stries 3 year average 1J23 1^2^=100 U.S.Department of Labor BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Washington Index Numbers Index Numbers m 140 130- -1 3 0 A\\ 12011010090- -120 -1 1 0 100 1] u 80- 90 - so 70- roll * 7 i; 60 50- - 70 A ■ $0 UO- - u o 30- 30 20 - - 10 0 60 20 10 immim minimi llllllliill 1! 1m 11111. iiniiiiiii 11LU1.U111 iiniiiiiii iiniiiiiii ujimmi. IllilllllLLJIII.LJJJJ1Lnwjjiiii Llllllliill .llllllliill llllllliill Lllli.ll.IJ.il JU1111111I 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 0 Jack Brandt. Jr. 13 T 3.—GENERAL IN DEXES OF E M PLO Y M E N T AND PAY-ROLL TOTALS IN MANU FA CTU R IN G INDUSTRIES BY M ONTHS—JANUARY 1919 TO JULY 1934, INCLUSIVE able [3-year average, 1923-25=100] E m ploym ent Month 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 January........ February___ March_____ April_______ M ay.............. June.............. July________ August_____ September . . . October_____ November— _ December.... Average. 105. 3 102.0 102.4 102.5 103.1 104.3 106.9 109.7 111.7 111.3 112.6 114.4 107.2 114.9 113.7 116.0 114.5 112.0 111.1 108.5 108.8 107.5 103.7 97.4 89.7 108.2 81.0 82.5 82.6 84.6 83.2 85.9 82.1 85.8 81.9 87.9 81.0 89.8 79.8 88.2 81.2 91.4 83.4 94.5 84.1 97.0 84.2 99.0 83.3 100.5 82.3 90.6 100.7 100.2 96.3 102.5 101.5 98.1 104.6 101.7 98.8 105.0 99.9 98.7 105.3 96.8 98.1 106.0 93.8 98.0 104.9 91.0 97.8 105.2 92.1 99.5 105.7 94.4 101.5 104.5 95.3 102.2 103.2 94.8 101.8 101.4 96.1 101.5 104.1 96.5 99.4 January------February----March........... April_______ M ay_______ June....... ...... July________ A u gu st.____ September.. . October_____ November__ December___ Average. __ 95.3 89.6 90.0 89.2 90.0 92.0 94.8 99.9 104.7 102. 2 106.7 114.0' 97.4 117.2 115.5 123.7 120.9 122.4 124.2 119.3 121.6 119.8 115. 8 107.0 98.0 117.1 82.8 81.3 81.7 79.0 77.3 75.4 71.7 73.9 73.4 72. 6 71.7 73.3 76.2 94.6 98.8 95.4 97.9 104.1 100.8 102.5 104.1 102.4 103.8 101.8 100.0 107.3 97.5 100.7 107. 5 92.4 98.7 103.3 85.7 96.8 103.8 89.3 99.3 104.3 92.5 98.8 106. 6 95.1 104.6 104.5 93.7 104.6 102.9 97.6 105.2 103.3 96.1 100.6 100.5 98.2 95.0 100.8 101.5 99.7 96.5 102.9 102.1 100.2 97.6 104.1 101.4 99.6 97.1 105.3 100.4 99.1 97.0 105.3 100.3 99.1 97.8 105.6 99.4 98.1 97.7 106.1 101.4 99.3 100.1 107.9 103.4 100.5 102.2 109.0 103.1 99.6 102.6 107.7 101.4 97.4 101.7 103.6 100.0 96.1 101.2 99.8 101.2 98.9 98.9 104.8 97.3 97.4 96.9 96.3 94.8 92.9 89.5 88.8 89.6 87.7 84.6 82.3 91.5 79.6 80.3 80.7 80.7 80.1 78.4 77.0 77.1 77.4 74.4 71.8 71.0 77.4 68.7 69.5 68.4 66.1 63.4 61.2 58.9 60.1 63.3 64.4 63.4 62.1 64.1 60.2 73.3 61.1 77.7 58.8 80.8 59.9 82.3 62.6 82.4 66.9 181.0 71.5 78.6 76.4 80.0 79.6 76.2 74.4 --------69.0 2 79.4 100.9 98.4 96.0 102.3 95.9 105.0 104.4 101.2 109.3 98.8 106.5 105.7 102.5 111.6 98.8 104.4 104.5 100.5 112.6 97.7 103.1 104.0 101.3 112.9 95.4 103.3 102.4 101.7 111.2 92.3 99.0 98.5 99.0 107.2 84.3 103.4 101.9 103.3 112.0 83.3 104.4 101.4 104.7 112.9 84.1 107. 6 102.1 108.2 112.4 82.2 104.1 98.5 105.0 104.1 .76.8 103.5 99.5 105.6 100.7 75.2 103.8 101.8 102.4 109.1 88.7 70.0 74.3 75.6 74.4 73.4 69.7 66.2 65.9 63.4 61.3 58.1 57.6 67.5 53.5 54.6 53.1 49.5 46.8 43.4 39.8 40.6 42.9 44.7 42.9 41.5 46.1 39.5 54.0 40.2 60.6 37.1 64.8 38.8 67.3 42.7 67.1 47.2 164.8 50.8 60.4 56.8 59.1 59.4 55.5 54.5 48.5 2 62.7 Pay rolls 69.6 72.4 74.9 73.8 77.2 80.5 78.5 83.0 87.0 89.5 93.4 95.7 81.3 1 Revised. 2 Average for 7 months. For comparative purposes the Bureau has computed the group and general index numbers of employment and pay rolls for July 1934 based on the 12-month average for 1926 as 100. These are a con tinuation of the former series of indexes covering 89 industries and show some slight differences in percentage changes from the previous month when compared with these shown by the revised series. These differences are due to changes in method of construction and weighting factors and to the inclusion of the canning and preserving industry in the revised series of indexes. These indexes on the 1926 base are presented in table 4, which follows: T 4.—IN DEXES OF E M PLO Y M E N T AND PAY ROLLS (BASED ON THE 12-MONTH A VERAGE FOR 1926=100) IN 14 MAJOR M ANUFACTURING GROUPS, 2 SUBGROUPS, AND ALL M AN UFACTU RIN G COM BINED, FOR JULY 1934 able Group All manufacturing_______________ _______________________________ Iron and steel and their products, not including machinery .. Machinery, not including transportation equipment __________ _ _ Transportation equipm ent________ __ ____________ _____ _ _ ______ Railroad repair shops ________ . ____ ______ _________ Nonferrous metals and their products . . ___ ___________ Lumber and allied products________ __ ___ ____ ___ _ __ _______ Stone, clay, and glass products __ _ _ _ _____ .. ___________ __ Textiles and their products- _ _ . .. _ _ _______________ ______ Fabrics_____ __ _ . . ______ - __ - _______ ___ Wearing apparel______ ______ __________ . . ______ _ ____ ____ Leather and its manufactures __ ... _ _ _ _ _______ Food and kindred products _ __ ___ _ ______ __ _______ Tobacco manufactures __ _ _____ __ _ _____ Paper and printing _____ ____ _ ____ _ . . ___ ____ Chemicals and allied products .. ______ _ _. _________ ___ Rubber products____ . . . _. ------- ---------- _ . ------ . Employment index 73.7 73.9 69.4 83.8 54.1 71.1 46.4 54.0 77.6 84.0 62.1 84.6 101.3 68.4 89.4 96.2 85.2 Pay-roll index 55.0 47. 4 51.1 61. 7 46. 7 51. 8 28. 2 34.9 54.9 61.4 41. 9 66.1 88. 7 54.5 71. 7 80. 7 63.1 14 Employment in Nonmanufacturing Industries in July 1934 I N C R E A S E D employment was shown in 9 of the 17 nonmanu facturing industries surveyed by the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics and gains in pay rolls were reported in 7. Data for the building-construction industry are not presented here, but are shown in detail under the section “ Building construction.” The largest percentage gains in both items from June to July (2 percent in employment and 5.4 percent in pay rolls) appeared in the crude-petroleum-producing industry. The electric light and power and manufactured gas, the telephone and telegraph, and the laundry industries reported gains in employment of 1.2 percent, 0.8 percent, and 0.7 percent, respectively. The gains in the remaining five indus tries in which increases in employment were reported (banks, bituminous-coal mining, hotels, insurance, and real estate) were 0.4 percent or less. While employment showed a slight gain in bituminous-coal mining, pay rolls in this industry decreased 9.8 percent, reflecting the sharply reduced production in the industry during the July 15 pay period. In the eight nonmanufacturing industries in which decreased employ ment was reported from June to July, the largest percentage decline (6.8 percent) was a seasonal decrease in anthracite mining. Pay rolls in this industry showed a drop of 20.6 percent due to decreased pro duction and the effects of the July 4 holiday period. Employment in retail trade, based on reports received from 36,722 establishments, showed a decrease of 5.6 percent from June to July. This decrease, which is partially seasonal and reflects summer inac tivity, was accentuated by the effect of strikes and the drought in certain localities. The general merchandise group (department stores, variety stores, general merchandise stores, and mail-order houses) showed a decrease of 8.4 percent. The remaining retail groups showed a net decrease in employment of 3.2 percent from June to July. The dyeing and cleaning industry also reported a seasonal decline of 5.1 percent in employment over the month interval. Brokerage firms continued to show recessions in employment due to small stock turnover, the July tabulation showing a decline of 4.2 percent. Employment in the metalliferous mining industry decreased 2.8 percent from June to July and the quarrying and nonmetallic mining industry reported a decrease of 1.9 percent in employment. The decreases (0.1 percent) in employment in the remaining two industries, electric-railroad and motor-bus operation and maintenance, and wholesale trade, were practically negligible. In table 1, which follows, are shown indexes of employment and pay rolls, per capita weekly earnings, average hours worked per week, and average hourly earnings in July 1934 for 13 of the nonmanufac 15 turing industries surveyed monthly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, together with percentages of change from June 1934 and July 1933. Similar percentages of change in employment, pay rolls, and per capita weekly earnings, as well as average per capita weekly earnings, are likewise presented for banks, brokerage, insurance, and real estate. Indexes of employment and pay rolls for these last-named industries are not available. 82785— 34-------3 ta b le 1 .— EM PLOYM EN T, W EEKLY PAY ROLLS, PER CAPITA W EEKLY EARNINGS, AVERAGE HOURS W ORKED PER WEEK, AND AVERAGE HOURLY EARNINGS IN NONMANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES IN JULY 1934 AND COMPARISON W ITH JUNE 1934 AND JULY 1933 Employment Industry Per capita "weekly earnings 1 Pay roll Percentage Percentage Index Index change from— July change from— July 1934 1934 (average (average July 1929 June June July 1929 1934 1934 = 100) 1933 = 100) 1933 Coal mining: Anthracite_____ _________. _________________ 53.6 Bituminous___________________ ____ ________ 77.0 39.9 Metalliferous mining____ _____________ ____ _____ Quarrying and nonmetallic mining.. . __________ 55.6 Crude-petroleum producing ________ ____________ 81.6 Public utilities: Telephone and telegraph____________________ 71.0 Electric light and power and manufactured gas. 85.0 Eleetric-railroad and motor-bus operation and 73.1 maintenance. ____________________ _______ Trade: 84.0 Wholesale___________________ __________ . . . Retail_____________________________________ 83.3 Hotels (cash payments only)3___________________ 86.3 Laundries___________ __________________________ 4 84. 6 480. 5 Dyeing and cleaning___ _____ ___________________ Banks__________________________________ ______ (5) Brokerage_____________________________________ (5) Insurance__________________________ ____ _____ _ (5) Real estate__________________ ______ ___________ ^ (5) Aver age in July 1934 Percentage change from— June 1934 July 1933 Average hours worked per week i Aver age in July 1934 Percentage change from— June 1934 July 1933 Average hourly earn ings i Aver age in July 1934 Percentage change from— June 1934 July 1933 -6 .8 +. 3 -2 .8 -1 .9 +2.0 +22.4 +21.8 +20.9 +12.3 +37.1 42.3 49.7 25.1 35.0 60.0 -20.6 -9 .8 -5 .8 -5 .4 +5.4 +10.7 +47.9 +32.1 +23.2 +42.2 $22.97 16. 57 20.43 16. 32 28. 30 -14.9 -10.1 -3 .1 -3 .6 +3.3 -9 .5 +21.2 +9.2 +9.6 +3.7 27.5 23.2 35.8 34.0 35.0 -15.1 -11.8 -3 .8 -5 .0 +1.7 -15.4 -24.8 -8 .5 -17.0 -20.4 Cents 83.4 71.7 56.1 48.6 82.6 +1.1 +. 8 00 +1.3 +1.6 +3.0 +54.8 +18.3 +32.4 +26.3 +. 8 +1.2 +3.6 +9.7 72.3 81.1 +1.4 +4.2 +8.4 +15.9 27.01 29. 64 +• 6 +3.0 +4.5 +5.6 38.1 39.3 -.5 -.5 + .6 -6 .3 71.9 75.2 +• 8 +3.7 +4.1 +13.6 -. 1 +5. 3 63.8 + .9 +11.1 27.82 +1.0 +5.6 45.6 -.7 -1 .5 60.4 +1.4 +11.7 -.1 -5 .6 + 1 + .7 -5 .1 + .4 -4 .2 + (6) + (6) +9.2 +11.7 +14.2 +6.4 +5.1 +4.4 -20.2 + 1.6 +6.4 67.6 69.5 65.6 468.2 4 58.9 (5) (5) (5) (5) +1.7 -2 .9 -.9 1 -8 .1 + .3 -6 .0 + .5 -1 .1 +14.4 +19.6 +23.1 +16.2 +17.8 +4.4 -18.1 +3.8 +9.3 26. 90 20.31 13.11 15. 32 17.92 31. 22 35. 26 35.21 22. 62 +1. 7 +2.8 -1 .1 -.8 -3 .2 1 -1 .9 + .5 -1 .1 +4.7 +7.1 +7.8 +9.2 +12.1 (2) +2.7 +2.1 +2.7 41.2 40.4 46.7 40.0 40.2 (5) (5) (5) (5) +. 5 +1.3 -.4 + .5 -2 .4 (5) (5) (5) (5) -9 .0 -11.0 -7 .2 -3 .5 -14.4 (5) (5) (5) (5) 64.9 51.8 27.4 37.8 44.4 (5) (5) (5) (5) +. 9 +1.2 -1 .4 -1 .3 -.9 (5) (5) (5) (5) +15.4 +20.0 +16.5 +13.0 +29.0 (5) (5) (5) (5) * Per capita weekly earnings are computed from figures furnished by all reporting establishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data furnished by a smaller number of establishments as some firms do not report man-hour information. Percentage changes over year computed from indexes. 2 No change. 3 The additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed. 4 Revised to conform with average shown by 1931 Census of Manufactures, s Not available. e Less than of 1 percent. 17 Indexes of Employment and Pay-Roll Totals for Nonmanufacturing Industries I n d e x numbers of employment and pay-roll totals for 13 nonmanu facturing industries are presented in table 2. These index numbers show the variation in employment and pay rolls in these industries, by months, from January 1931 through July 1934. A revision of the indexes, similar to that made for the manufactur ing industries, was made for the laundry and the dyeing and clean ing industries in March 1934. The indexes of employment and pay rolls in these industries were adjusted to conform with the trends shown by the 1929 and 1931 census reports and this new series will be continued until further adjustments, if necessary, are made when 1933 census data become available. T able 2 —IN DEXES OF E M PL O Y M E N T AND PAY ROLLS FOR N O N M A N U F A C T U R IN G INDUSTRIES, JANUARY 1931 TO JULY 1934 [12-month average, 1929=100] Bituminous-coal mining Anthracite mining Month Pay rolls Employment Employment Pay rolls 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 January............... February-----March_________ April___________ M ay___________ June.. ------------July. -------------August_________ September--------October________ November______ December---------Average---- 90.6 89.5 82.0 85.2 80.3 76 1 65.1 67.3 80.0 86.8 83.5 79.8 80.5 76.2 71.2 73.7 70.1 66.9 53.0 44.5 49.2 55.8 63.9 62.7 62.3 62.5 January------------F ebruary--------March____ _ April___________ M ay___________ Ju n e.._________ July____________ August_________ September______ October________ November______ December______ Average— 68.3 65.3 63.5 63.9 62.4 60.0 56.2 55.8 55.5 53.8 52.8 51.2 59.1 49.3 46.9 45.0 43.3 38.3 32.2 29.5 28.6 29.3 30.5 31.9 33.3 36.5 52.5 64.1 89.3 58.7 63.2 101.9 54.6 67.5 71.3 51.6 58.2 75.2 43.2 63.8 76.1 39.5 57.5 66.7 43.8 53.6 53.7 47.7 __ 56.4 56.8 __ 64.9 56.9 __ 91.1 61.0 __ 79.5 54.5 ------ 78.4 51.7 167.1 75.4 61.5 57.3 61.2 72.0 58.0 37.4 34.5 41.4 47.0 66.7 51.0 56.2 53.7 43.2 73.2 56.8 65.8 48.8 82.4 37.4 51.7 30.0 64.0 34.3 53.3 38.2 42.3 46.6 __ 60.7 __ 61.6 __ 47.8 __ 44.3 -----45.8 161.8 93.9 91.5 88.8 85.9 82.4 78.4 76.4 77.0 80.4 81.3 81.1 81.2 83.2 18.1 25.4 17.8 26.0 17.4 25.9 16.4 27.2 17.0 25.6 18.3 26.7 19.0 25.1 21.9 ____ 23.9 ____ 25.9 ____ 25.6 __ 26.2 ---20.6 126.0 64.4 66.6 70.0 76.1 75.0 72.3 71.0 68.9 66.6 64.5 59.3 53.9 67.4 Metalliferous mining 32.4 39.6 31.5 40.3 30.0 39.8 29.4 41.7 30.0 40.8 31.5 41.0 33.0 39.9 36.8 __ 38.9 ____ 40.7 ____ 40.6 ____ 40.6 ---34.6 !40.4 55.0 54.6 52.8 51.4 49.3 46.1 41.3 40.2 40.0 37.4 35.1 34.3 44.8 29.7 27.8 26.5 25.0 23.8 20.1 16.9 16.5 17.0 18.0 18.7 18.7 21.6 74.8 73.2 72.2 69.8 67.8 65.0 65.3 62.4 61.2! 60.4: 57.6i 58.2! 65.7 54.9 57.2 73.2 54.4 57.0 72.4 51.4 56.5 72.8 54.9' 56.8 74.0 54.5 56.9 76.7 54.2! 58.0 80.0 55.4 59.5 81.6 57.4: 60.8 __ 56.2! 66.2 56.8; 70.6 56.51 72.2 57.2! 75.01 __ 55.3: 62.2[175.8; 1Average for 7 months. 71.5 70.0 73.2 66.3 64.7 62.7 59.2 56.3 55.2 54.4 52.0 54.9' 61.7 46.5 46.9 43.2 44.5 47.1 44.8 44.6 42.9' 41.9' 42.5i 42.4: 41.7’ 44.1 69.8 75.8 69.3 76.1 67.6 77.8 63.7 72.2 61.2 76.7 61.3 76.7 63.2 77.0 68.6 __ 71.8 __ 68.0 __ 74.8 __ 75.4 -----67.9 176.0 73.3 68.3 65.2 58.6 54.4 52.4 50.4 50.6 53.6 56.2 54.6 52.3 57.5 47.0 47.0 46.8 33.9 30.7 27.3 24.4 26.4 30.2 37.8 38.0 37.7 35.6 36.1 51.3 37.2 54.6 30.7 58.9 26.6 51.4 26.9 54.4 29.2 55.1 33.6 49.7 43.3 44.1 44.1 50.7 50.8 __ 37.8 153.6 Quarrying and nonmetallic mining Crude-petroleum producing January............... February_______ M a r c h ..______ April-------- -------M ay.................... June___________ July-----------------August-------------September______ October________ November______ December______ Average___ 80.8 77.4 75.2 65.5 62.6 60.5 58.6 59.4 62.4 67.0 69.4 70.0 67.4 39.9 53.0 41.7 50.5 42.5 52.5 40.1 53.4 41.6 56.4 40.6 56.9 42.2 60.0 42.5 __ 44.4 50.1 50.3 53.2 44.1 154.7' 48.9 47.4 46.0 48.6 50.6 49.5 49.5 51.1 52.4 52.4 49.4 42.3 49.0 35.1 39.7 34.8 38.8 35.1 42.0 39.3 48.7 43.4 54.3 47.3 56.6 49.5 55.6 51.6 __ 52.6 __ 53.2 ____ 51.1 __ 45.3 ---44.9 148.0 50.4 54.4 58.2 62.6 62.3 60.1 57.3 55.1 51.2 48.7 43.3 36.9 53.4 30.2 29.6 28.7 30.0 32.3 30.0 29.1 29.7 30.5 30.1 27.1 22.1 29.1 18.1 21.3 17.4 21.0 17.8 24.1 20.2 29.9 23.8 35.0 27.5 37.0 28.4 35.0 29.9 29.3 31.2 28.3 24.4 __ 24.7 129.0 Telephone and telegraph 90.5 83.0 89.2 82.0 88.6 81.7 88.1 81.2 87.4 80.6 86.9 79.9 86.6 79.1 85.9| 78.1 85.0| 77.4 84.1 76.2 83.51 75.5 83.1 74.8 86.6! 79.1 74.6 70.2 73.9 69.8 73.2 70.0 72.3 70.2 70.1 70.2 69.2: 70.4 68.5 71.0 68.1 68.3 68.7 68.91 __ 69.4 70.4: 1 70. 3; 96.3 94.8 97.9 95.0 94.1 95.0 93.3 92.3 92.1 91.6; 89.7 92.7' 93.7' 89.1 89.6 88.2 83.4 82.8 82.1 79.6 79.1 75.9 75.7 74.3 73.51 81.1 71.7 69.0 71.9 67.9 71.6 70.4 67.8 68.8 68.5 71.4 66.6 71.3 66.7 72.3 66.1 64. 6 67.0 __ 67.7 67.7 68.2 170.2 18 T a b le 2.—IN DEXES OF E M PL O Y M E N T AND PAY ROLLS FOR N ON M ANUFACTUBIN G INDUSTRIES, JANUARY 1931 TO JULY 1934 Electric light and power and manufac tured gas Month Employment Pay rolls Electric-railroad and motor-bus operation and maintenance 2 Employment Pay rolls 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 January February_______ March.... ............ A p r il______ ___ M ay___________ June____ _______ July____ _______ August................ September______ October________ November......... December........... 99 ? 97 8 96. 7 97 1 97.6 97.2 96.7 95.9 94.7 92.7 91.3 90.3 89 3 87 2 85. 5 84 8 84.0 83.2 82.3 81.5 81.0 79.9 79.1 78.4 77, 8? 2 98,6 77.4 81.2 99.7 76.9 81. 7 102.4 76 9 8?, 4 97, 6 76.9 83.1 98.7 77.3 84.0 98.3 77.5 85.0 97.4 96.2 78.1 80.3 94.3 82.2 93.2 82.6 ------ 93.3 91.2 81.8 88.4 86.0 85.4 82.4 84.2 80.5 78.7 76.7 74.7 74.4 73.2 73.2 73.0 73.8 71.6 74.4 71.9 75.6 69.4 76.8 69.9 77.6 69.9 77.8 70.0 81.1 70.9 71.8 76.2 74.5 -----74.4 86.9 86.6 86.4 86.8 85.9 85.3 85.6 84.8 84.0 82.7 81.5 79.9 79.5 78.9 77.6 78.0 76.9 76.5 75.6 74.1 73.5 72.3 71.8 71.4 70.6 70.5 70.4 71.0 69.8 71.7 69.5 72.2 69.1 72.6 69.3 73.2 69.4 73.1 69.5 69.7 : : : : : 70.6 71.0 70.8 85.6 87.1 88.1 86.6 85.1 84.8 83.3 81.9 81.2 79.0 79.7 77.8 75.4 74.8 73.6 71.8 72.2 70.2 66.4 63.8 62.5 61.5 61.7 61.9 60.9 60. 6 59.4 58.1 58.2 58.0 57.4 58.2 57.8 59.8 59.4 59.6 59.2 60.1 62.2 62.9 63.0 63.2 63.8 Average---- 95.6 83.0 78.8 i 82.8 96.7 79.8 72.0 i 76.7 84.7 75.5 70.0 1 72.0 83.4 68.0 58.9 i 62.1 Wholesale trade January............... February. ......... . March_________ April.................... M ay....... ............. June___________ J u ly ................... August................ September______ October________ November______ December........... 89.5 88.? 87. 4 87 4 87.1 87.1 86.8 86.5 86.1 85.2 84.1 83.7 81 8 80 9 79 8 78 9 77.9 77.0 76.6 76.4 77.1 77.8 77.6 77.0 75. 3 74 1 73 1 73 3 74.0 75.7 76.9 79.7 82.1 83.5 83.4 83.3 82 4 83 0 83 6 83 9 84.6 84.1 84.0 87.5 74.1 88,4 72.5 89. 1 71.3 85 2 68.9 84.7 69.7 84.1 66.2 83.3 64.7 82.1 63.2 81.4 63.1 79.9 .63.9 79.7 63.3 77.8 62.6 Retail trade 61.7 58.6 57.1 56.0 57.4 57.3 59.1 60.8 62.3 66.0 64.1 64.5 63.9 64.6 65.7 66.8 66.3 66.5 67.6 90.0 87.1 87.8 90.1 89.9 89. 1 83.9 81.8 86.6 89.8 90.9 106.2 84.3 76.9 80.5 73.4 81.4 71.4 81.6 78.6 80.9 77.0 79.4 78.3 74.6 74.6 72.6 78.1 77. 8; 86.0 81.3 89.6 81.7 91.6 95.2 105.4 84.6 83.8 87.2 88.2 88.8 88.2 83.3 89.4 86.7 87.5 88.3 88.0 87.6 83.3 80.3 83.5 84.6 85.4 94.1 78.0 73.7 73.4 72.7 71.1 68.2 63.3 60.7 64. 6 67.1 66.9 73.6 62.7 58.4 55.1 60.4 59.5 60.5 58.1 62.7 69.2 72.3 72.6 80.3 68.8 67.7 69.5 71.5 71.8 71.6 69.5 Average___ 86.6 78.2 77.9 i 83.7 83.6 67.0 60.4 i 65.9 89.4 80.9 81.7 i 86.3 86.6 69.4 64.3 i 70.1 Laundries 3 January________ February........... . March.... ......... April___________ M ay___________ June___________ July______ _____ August................ September______ October............. . November......... December........ . 94.3 93.7 93.2 94.3 94.1 94.8 95.6 94.0 93.0 91.8 89.8 88.8 88.2 86.3 85.4 85.4 84.8 84.4 83.6 82.2 81.9 80.7 79.4 79.1 78.6 77.5 76.1 76.5 76.6 79.2 79.5 81.1 82.6 81.3 78.4 78.4 78.5 78.4 79.2 80.5 82.1 84.0 84.6 90.7 89.6 89.6 90.9 90.5 91.2 91.5 88.6 88.0 85.6 82.6 81.0 Dyeing and cleaning 3 80.0 76.7 75.0 74.7 73.9 71.8 69.4 66.9 65.8 64.1 61.9 61.4 60. 7 58.1 55.4 56.6 57.1 59.4 58.7 60.3 63.5 62.5 60.7 61.1 61.7 61.7 62.7 64.4 66.9 68. 3 68.2 82.1 80.7 81.3 88.4 89.3 91.4 91.1 86.4 83.0 87.0 83.2 78.4 75.8 74.4 74.4 76.9 78.0 78.6 76.1 73.4 76.9 76.0 72.0 69.5 67.4 65.6 65.8 74. 9 75. 7 79.1 76. 6 76.8 81.9 81.6 76.1 70.5 68.1 68.1 72.4 79.9 84.3 84.9 80.5 73. 7 71.2 71. 7 81.9 82.1 84. 5 81.8 75.9 78.3 77.2 70.8 64.4 62.4 59.0 58.5 62.5 63.8 62.4 56.9 53.4 57.9 55.8 49.6 45.9 44.2 40.2 38.9 51. 7 51.0 53. 7 50.0 50.0 57.1 57.4 52.'5 47.3 46.8 46.3 51.7 60.8 65.1 64.1 53. 9 Average___ 93.1 83.5 78.8 i 81.0 88.3 70.1 59.5 i 64.8 85.6 75.2 74.3 i 76.9 76.1 57.3 49.5 i 56.2 Hotels January............... February_______ March____ _____ April.................... M ay___________ June..................... July.................... August............. . September____ _ October............... November____ _ December........... 95.0 96.8 96.8 95.9 92.5 91.6 93.3 92.8 90.6 87.4 84.9 83.1 83.2 84.3 84.0 82. 7 80.1 78.0 78.4 77.6 77.0 75.4 74.3 73.2 73.8 73.8 72.4 71.9 71.9 73.6 75.6 77.1 78. 7 77.0 75.8 77.6 81.5 84.8 86. 4 86. 6 85. 7 86.2 86.3 91.0 93.7 93.4 89.9 87. 7 85.4 85.2 83.8 81.9 79.7 77.1 75.4 73.9 73.9 72.4 69.6 67.0 63.8 61.8 59.6 59.1 58.6 57.5 56.6 55. 7 55.9 53. 5 51. 7 51.8 52.3 53.3 54.0 55.6 56.2 55.2 57.6 60.8 65.2 66.6 66. 5 65.9 66.2 65.6 Average___ 91.7 79.0 74.9 i 85.4 85.4 64.5 54.4 i 65.3 1 Average for 7 months. 2 Not including electric-railroad car building and repairing; see transportation equipment and railroad repair-shop groups, manufacturing industries, table 1. 3 Revised to conform with average shown by 1931 Census of Manufactures. 19 Employment in Building Construction in July 1934 >HE percentages of change in employment, pay rolls, and manhours in building construction in July as compared with June, were as follows: Percent Total employment__________________________________ Total pay rolls______________________________________ Total man-hours worked____________________________ Average weekly earnings____________________________ Average hours per week per man____________________ Average hourly earnings____________________________ +1. 6 + 2. 4 +. 7 +. 8 No change. +1. 2 The following table is based on returns made by 11,232 firms en gaged in public and private building-construction projects not aided by Public Works Administration funds. These reports include all trades, from excavation through painting and interior decoration, which are engaged in erecting, altering, or repairing buildings. Work on roads, bridges, docks, etc., is omitted. The reports cover building operations in various localities in 34 States and the District of Columbia. For purposes of comparison in this study, all reports were reduced to a 1-week basis if not originally so reported. In July the weekly pay roll for 81,409 workers amounted to $1,903,792 as compared with $1,858,817 earned by 80,134 workers employed by the identical firms in June. In July the average weekly earnings were $23.39 as compared with $23.20 for June. These are per capita weekly earnings, computed by dividing the total amount of the weekly pay roll by the total number of employees— part time as well as full time. Reports from 10,725 firms— 95.5 percent of the 11,232 cooperating firms— gave the man-hours worked by the employees, namely, 2,221,019 in July as compared with 2,205,851 in June. The average hours per week per man— 29.7 in July and 29.7 in June— were computed by dividing the number of man-hours by the number of workers employed by those firms which reported manhours. The average hourly earnings— 78.8 cents in July and 77.9 cents in June— were computed by dividing the pay roll of those firms which reported man-hours, by the number of man-hours. 20 E M PL O Y M E N T , PAY ROLLS, AVERAGE W E E K L Y EARNINGS, A VERAG E HOURS PER W EE K PER MAN, AND AVERAG E HOURLY EARNINGS IN THE B U IL D IN G -C O N ST R U C T IO N IN D U STRY IN JULY 1934, AND PERCEN TAGES OF CHANGE FROM JUNE 1934 Employ ment Locality Average weekly earnings Pay rolls Num ber of Per firms Num Per cent ber cent re port on age of Amount age of Amount ing pay change July change July roll from 1934 from 1934 July June June 1934 1934 1934 All localities.......... 11,232 81,409 +1.6 $1,903,792 +2.4 Per cent age of change from June 1934 Average hours per week per man i Average hourly earnings * Per Per cent cent Num age age of of ber July change 1934 from July change from 1934 June June 1934 1934 +0.8 29.7 (2) Ct. 78.8 +1.2 17.61 +10.9 26.7 +3.9 65.7 +6.0 23.39 Alabama: Birmingham.. 87 368 California: Los Angeles 3______ San Francisco-Oakland 3______ _____ Other localities 3____ 19 781 -16.2 18, 298 -17.4 23. 43 -1 .5 33.7 -5 .6 69.5 +4.4 28 1,245 +30.0 28 410 -2 .4 28,102 +38.7 8,189 -5 .6 22.57 19. 97 +6.7 -3 .3 28.7 28.2 +2.9 78.6 -8 .4 70.8 +3.7 +5.5 75 2,436 54,589 22. 41 +1.3 30.2 The State3......... . +8.6 6,481 +20.4 -4 .4 74.1 +5.9 10,491 -19.8 19.18 -10.4 23.6 -10.9 81.4 -.1 -6 .5 +1.4 -8 .3 12,871 26,303 22,205 -1 .6 +6.1 -3 .9 23. 07 22.91 25.18 +5.3 +4.6 +4.9 31.4 32.8 34.9 - . 3 74.1 +1.2 69.6 +4.2 72.2 +5.7 +3.6 + .6 566 2,588 -3 .8 61,379 + .7 23. 72 +4.7 33.3 +2.1 71.4 +2.7 109 925 405 4,271 +• 1 +7.9 18, 638 -1 .7 114, 904 +13.2 20.15 26. 90 -1 .8 +4.9 30.9 31.5 -5 .5 65.2 +1.6 84.3 +4.0 +2.6 16. 79 -2 .7 18.07 -10.3 27.4 28.1 +4.6 61.3 -7 .3 63.8 -7 .0 -3 .5 Colorado: Denver______ 225 Connecticut: Bridgeport................ Hartford___________ New Haven_______ 119 558 280 1,148 882 167 The State________ Delaware: Wilmington.. District of Columbia___ +5.5 547 -10.5 +6.8 Florida: Jacksonville________ Miami------------------- 50 194 -6 .7 75 1,071 +14.4 3. 258 19,352 -9 .3 +2.6 The State.............. 125 1, 265 +10.1 22,610 + .7 17.87 -8 .9 28.0 -5 .4 63.4 -3 .9 Georgia: Atlanta............ 143 15,133 + .5 15. 75 -5 .6 27.9 + .7 56.2 -6 .3 Illinois: Chicago 3_................. Other localities 3____ 134 2, 443 +45.0 100 1,820 +8.1 64,806 +25.5 -.4 37,498 The State3_______ 234 4,263 +26.6 102, 304 +14.6 Indiana: Evansville____ ____ Fort Wayne....... ...... Indianapolis_______ South Bend________ 63 91 171 38 961 +6.5 264 -5 .4 222 -12.6 937 +2.5 224 -21.1 4, 645 -11.2 4,460 -14.6 19,671 +5.8 4,348 -32.9 26. 53 -13.4 20.60 -7 .9 (4) (4) (<) 0) (4) (4) (4) (4) 24.00 (4) (4) (4) (4) 17. 59 -6 .1 20.09 -2 .3 20.99 +3.2 19.41 -14.9 + .7 72.8 -2 .5 +2.6 +1.5 +5.9 -1 .8 +2.8 +4.7 25.96 32.5 79.8 +2.6 23.42: -2 .8 31.2 21.54: +7.5;• 31.7 17.74 -2 .6 1 28.9 -1 .6 75.2 +2.3 68.1 -2 .0 61.4 -1 .3 +4.6 -1 .0 -2 .2 ! 31.1 -1 .3 | 73.6 -.9 -4 .9 33,124 -6 .7 97 718 241 67 145 784 109' 794 93 409 114: 1,241 +40.0 -24.9 -6 .3 +17.8 -12.2 -2 .4 19,445 4,190 15,476 13,970 8,793 26,446 +75.1 -13.5 (5) +15.3 -14.5 -2 .0 i 685i 4,946 + .9 128, 376 +3. 5i Michigan: Detroit____________ Flint______________ Grand Rapids______ 486i 3,525 -1 .8 54 246 -24.1 99i 368 +9.9 82, 564 -4 .6 ; 5,300 -18.3; 6,530 +7.0i 639i 4,139 94,394 22.81 +4.8: 1 Averages computed from reports furnished by 10,725 firms. 2 No change. 3 Data supplied by cooperating State bureaus. 4 Data not available. * Less than Ho of 1 percent decrease. +8.0 -2 .2 -4 .7 -3 .7 32.1 +21.6 85.9 28.2 +11.4 61.9 30.8 - . 6 64.2 29.3 - . 3 60.5 30.6 -5 .3 70.3 32.0 -6 .4 66.2 363 1,647 -2 .6 23.7 +13.2 74.0 76.0 26.6 (2) 29.5 +8.5 71.3 26.2 -10.9 75.0 27.08 +25.1 17.39 +15.3 19.74 +6.7 17. 59 -2 .1 21.50 -2 .5 21.31 + .5 The State.............. Iowa: Des Moines_____ Kansas: Wichita_______ Kentucky: Louisville___ Louisiana: New Orleans. Maine: Portland_______ Maryland: Baltimore 3. . Massachusetts: All local ities 3_....... ................. . The State.............. -9 .5 20.11 -2 .0 +2.6 27.7 (2) 21 E M PLO Y M E N T, PAY ROLLS, AVERAGE W EE K LY EARNINGS, AVERAG E HOURS PER W EE K PER M AN, AND AVERAGE HOURLY EARNINGS IN THE B UILD ING -CONSTRU CTION IN DU STRY IN JULY 1934, AND PERCENTAGES OF CHANGE FR O M JUNE 1934—Continued Employ ment Locality Average hours per week per man i Average weekly earnings Pay rolls Num ber of Per firms Num Per ber cent cent re port on age of Amount age of Amount ing pay change July change July roll from 1934 from 1934 July June June 1934 1934 1934 Average hourly earnings i Per Per Per cent Num cent cent age of ber age of July age of change July change 1934 change from from 1934 from June June June 1934 1934 1934 Minnesota: Duluth____________ Minneapolis_______ St. Paul____ _______ 148 -27.5 53 216 1, 705 -14.2 634 157 —.9 2,756 -31.8 40,451 -15.8 13,631 —8.6 18. 62 23. 72 21. 50 -6 .1 —1.9 -7 .8 25.3 31.9 28.8 Ct. —1.9 73.0 —1.8 74.6 -5 .0 74.7 -3 .6 + .5 -3 .0 The State________ 426 2,487 -12.2 56,838 -15. 2 22. 85 -3 .5 30.7 -2 .5 74.6 —.4 Missouri* Kansas City 6____ _ __________ 287 1, 547 +8.6 504Louis 591 2,St. -7 .5 38, 787 +6.9 65,872 -11.0 25. 07 26.31 -1 . 5 -3 .7 28.3 26.1 -4 .1 89.0 -2 .6 100.9 +2.1 -.6 The State______ _ -5 .1 25.84 -3 .1 26.9 -2 .9 96.2 -.2 20,107 -12.6 20.92 +1.9 29.8 -2 .0 70.1 +3.9 +5.7 +6.4 232, 489 +7.2 187, 625 +11.4 31.05 23. 22 +1.5 +4.7 28.5 30.3 (2) 108.8 +3.4 76.6 + 1.2 +1.1 812 15, 569 +6.1 420,114 +9.1 26. 98 +2.8 29.5 +2.1 91.6 + .8 361 +1.4 6, 683 +9.0 18. 51 +7.5 32.0 +3.9 57.4 +2.7 299 -18.1 6, 721 -17.2 93 444 1,Cincinnati7........ 36, 731 -6 .0 590 -5 . 7 65, 529 -9 .7 644 2,390 -7 .1 144 453 —18.8 9. 308 -23.5 7, 550 -18.2 85 339 -11.9 22.48 23.10 27. 42 20. 55 22. 27 +1.1 -.3 -2 .7 —5.7 -7 .2 29.7 28.1 27.9 27.7 25.8 -.7 +1.1 (2) -8 .9 -4 .8 75.8 82.2 98.7 74.2 86.4 +2.0 —1.2 -2 .6 +3.3 -2 .4 878 4,051 Nebraska: Omaha_____ 159 New York: New York City 3___ Other localities 3____ 468 7,487 344 8,082 The State3_______ North Carolina: Char lotte. _______ Ohio: Akron.. _______ __ ...... Cleveland_________ D a y t o n ..._____ __ Y oungstow n...____ 56 95 58 104,659 —8.9 125,839 -10.8 24. 82 -2 .1 27.9 -1 .1 89.0 -.7 420 -14.5 312 +17.7 8, 347 -11.1 6, 221 +22.7 19. 87 19.94 +4.0 +4.2 28.4 29.7 +8; 4 69.8 +3.8 67.6 -4 .4 —.9 The State________ 1, 410 5,071 Oklahoma: Oklahoma City___ Tulsa... -2 .0 961 -14.2 153 732 -3 .2 14, 568 + .8 19.90 +4.1 29.0 +7.4 68.8 -3 .5 Oregon: Portland____ _ 193 897 -9 .7 18,016 -6 .7 20.08 +3.3 25.0 (2) 80.7 +3.3 Pennsylvania: 8 Erie area 3_________ Philadelphia area 3_ _ Pittsburgh area 3___ Reading area3. ......... Scranton area 3......... Other areas3 ______ 24 356 +20. 7 399 3, 341 -3 .2 225 1, 723 +1.2 270 +4.7 43 28 197 +7.1 298 2.398 +2.8 4,180 +26.2 70, 861 -7 .3 47, 757 +10.0 5,309 -2 .2 -.2 4, 269 48,811 +4.3 11. 74 21.21 27. 72 19. 66 21.67 20.35 +4.6 -4 .3 +8.7 -6 .6 -6 .8 +1.3 16.5 +12.2 67.9 28.3 -5 .0 76.7 31.6 +6.8 89.4 29.8 -8 .6 66.1 30.2 -6 .8 72.7 31.5 +1.6 64.1 +1.0 + .8 +1.0 +2.5 -.4 + .2 + .8 21.87 (9) 29.6 241 2,294 +22.5 50, 234 +21.7 21.90 174 -15.5 273 —13.1 Knoxville 354 —7.8 610 + .3 2,601 -31.3 3,897 -18.4 6,438 +• 7 10, 845 +12.5 14.95 -18.7 14. 27 -6 .1 18.19 +9.2 17.78 +12.1 25.8 -22.8 58.3 +6.2 23.6 -2 .5 60.4 -3 .8 25.8 —4.1 70.3 +13.6 28.1 -1 .4 61.8 +14.4 23, 781 16. 85 26.3 The State.............. The State3......... Rhode Island: Provi dence___________ ____ Tennessee: Chattanooga_______ __________ Memphis__________ Nashville__________ The State.............. 1,017 8,285 39 40 77 83 239 1,411 + .8 -6 .7 181,187 -3 .3 1Averages computed from reports furnished by 10,725 firms. 2No change. 3Data supplied by cooperating State bureaus. 6 Includes both Kansas City, Mo., and Kansas City, Kans. 7 Includes Covington and Newport, Ky. s Each separate area includes from 2 to 8 counties. 8 Less than Ho of 1 percent increase. -.6 +3.6 33.8 -.7 74.9 + .8 +1.2 64.9 -2 .1 -5 .4 63.2 1 = +9.5 22 E M PLO Y M E N T, PAY ROLLS, AVERAGE W EE K L Y EARNINGS, A V ERAG E HOURS PER W EEK PER M AN, AND AVERAGE HOURLY EARNINGS IN THE B U ILD IN G -CON STRU CTION IN DU STRY IN JULY 1934, AND PERCEN TAGES OF CHANGE FROM JUNE 1934—Continued Employ ment Locality Texas: Dallas....... ................ El Paso...................... Houston.—....... ........ San Antonio............ . The State......... . 200 28 192 112 Virginia: N orfolk-Portsmouth. Richmond................. 82 125 The State............... West Virginia: Wheeling. Wisconsin: All locali ties 3.............................. 731 —7.9 123 +35.2 948 -12.1 292 -10.2 532 2,09-1 91 The State.............. Average weekly earnings Num ber of Per firms Num Per cent ber cent re port on age of Amount age of Amount ing pay change July change July 1934 1934 from roll from July June June 1934 1934 1934 Utah: Salt Lake City__ Washington: Seattle....................... Spokane..................... Tacoma..................... Pay rolls 208 185 50 93 Per Per cent Num cent age of age of ber Julv July change 1934 change from from 1934 June June 1934 1934 Ct. 25.5 -10.5 59.6 29.0 -3 .7 63.4 26.9 +5.9 70.0 26.2 +6.1 57.2 +2.8 -1 .4 +7.5 + .9 35,504 -5 .7 16.96 +3.1 26.4 - . 8 63.9 +4.8 -5 .5 4,294 -1 .5 20.64 +4.2 25.1 +5.0 82.0 -.2 8,131 -17.8 16,939 +3.7 18.07 20.89 -1 .5 +3.8 28.7 31.0 -2 .4 62.7 - . 3 66.0 + .6 +1.1 -4 .4 19.88 +2.4 30.1 - . 7 64.8 +1.3 23.9 +2.6 90.9 32.7 +21.6 79.5 27.9 +30.4 88.0 +2.9 -7 .6 -3 .1 -6 .7 949 +13.4 189 +4.4 168 -1 .2 25,070 20,629 +20.0 4,910 +17.2 4,123 +24.8 21.74 +5.8 25.98 +12.2 24.54 +26.2 +9.9 29,662 +20.2 22.71 +9.3 25.7 160 -13.0 3,376 -10.1 21.10 +3.4 28.9 19.28 -3 .1 31.5 328 1,306 49 15.16 -7 .6 19.33 -.4 18.63 +10.0 15. 01 +6.2 160 1, 718 Average hourly earnings1 -8 .5 450 -16.5 -. 1 811 207 1.261 11,083 -14.9 2,378 +34.7 17,660 -3 .3 4,383 -4 .6 Per cent age of change from June 1934 Average hours per week per man* +4.5 33,117 +1.2 +8.9 88.4 + .1 73.0 +4.1 -2 .8 60.0 - 1 .6 -.7 1 Averages computed from reports furnished by 10,725 firms. 3 Data supplied by cooperating State bureaus. Trend of Employment in July 1934, by States LUCTUATIONS in employment and pay-roll totals, in July 1934, as compared with June 1934, in certain industrial groups are shown by States in the following table. These tabulations have been prepared from data secured directly from reporting establish ments and from information supplied by cooperating State agencies. The combined total of all groups does not include building-construction data, which are shown by city and State totals in the section “Building construction.” In addition to the combined total of all groups, the trend of employment and pay rolls in the manufacturing, public utility, hotel, wholesale trade, retail trade, bituminous-coal mining, crude-petroleum producing, quarrying and nonmetallic min ing, metalliferous mining, laundry, dyeing and cleaning, and banksbrokerage-insurance-real-estate groups is presented. In this State compilation, the totals of the telephone and telegraph, power and light, and electric-railroad operation groups have been combined and are presented as one group— public utilities. F 23 The percentages of change shown in the accompanying table, unless otherwise noted, are unweighted; that is, the industries included in the groups, and the groups comprising the total of all groups, have not been weighted according to their relative importance in the com bined totals. The anthracite-mining industry, which is confined entirely to the State of Pennsylvania, showed decreases from June to July of 6.8 percent in employment and 20.6 percent in pay rolls. These per centages are based on reports received from 160 mines which employed in July 74,497 workers whose earnings in 1 week ending nearest the 15th were $1,711,286. When the identity of any reporting company would be disclosed by the publication of a State total for any industrial group, figures for the group do not appear in the separate industrial-group tabulation, but are included in the State totals for “ all groups.” Data are not presented for any industrial group when the representation in the State covers less than three establishments. 8 2 7 8 5 — 3 4 --------- 4 24 COMPARISON OF E M PLO Y M E N T AND PAY ROLLS IN IDENTICAL ESTABLISHM ENTS IN JUNE AND JULY 1934, BY STATES [Figures in italics are not compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued by cooperating State organizations] Total—all groups State Manufacturing Per Num Per Num ber Amount cent Num on cent of ber of ber of pay roll age age pay change (1 week) change estab roll, estab lish lish from July from 1934 ments July June June ments 1934 1934 1934 Per Per Num ber on cent Amount cent age of pay roll age pay change (1 week) change roll, from from July July 1934 June June 1934 1934 1934 Alabama............... 837 72, 507 Arizona____ _____ 501 12,004 Arkansas________ i 649 23,124 California . . . ___ *1,.852 266,504 Colorado________ 1,183 40, 029 -2 .1 + .4 -1 .5 + 2.6 +1.4 $966,987 246, 624 350,890 6,139,210 848,007 -4 .8 +2. 5 -■ 4 -2 .1 +2.9 242 49,201 2, 390 51 256 8,053 1,058 153,536 176 15,471 -3 .1 $619, 722 -5 .2 44,123 161, 782 -1 .4 +5.0 3,210,776 312, 778 +5.0 -5 .7 -2 .6 + .7 -3 .8 +4,7 Connecticut___ . 2,027 166, 677 Delaware________ 183 12,037 Dist. of Columbia. 898 32, 353 Florida__________ 1,054 35,053 Georgia____ _____ 1,477 97,822 -4 .7 -3 .3 -2 .4 -2 .6 -.9 3, 265, 231 241,254 774,379 593,474 1, 300, 622 -7 .4 -4 .8 -1 .2 +1.7 -. 1 712 134,437 67 8, 695 3, 504 49 220 19, 304 382 75, 775 -5 .8 2,477,121 -4 .1 158,418 110,139 + .7 278,183 +1.7 868,000 -.4 -9 .3 -7 .1 -1 .0 +5.7 -.7 Idaho.. Illinois_______ Indiana_____ Iowa _ Kansas_________ 396 8,842 34,466 446, 583 2,419 163,905 2,175 56, 226 41,859 57,398 +3.5 -1 .2 -4 .1 -5 .4 -1 .9 163,626 9, 701,636 3,095, 300 1,108,948 1,170,375 -3 .8 -2 .0 -9 .7 -3 .3 + .2 52 3,459 2,078 272,265 693 121,161 430 28, 779 455 30,249 +9.4 60, 561 -1 .7 5,605,486 -4 .6 2, 227,109 543,257 -7 .4 + .6 661,389 -4 .2 -3 .9 -13.2 -9 .4 +3.3 Kentucky______ 1,670 84,055 Louisiana___ 904 42, 045 Maine. ___ 829 49, 982 Maryland_______ 1,472 105, 939 Massachusetts___ * 8,963 420,058 -.8 -1 .2 +1.0 -1 .8 -1 .7 1, 389, 516 705,842 842, 541 2,171,362 8,847,163 -5 .9 +1.6 +2.9 -3 .0 518,820 -1 .1 308 32, 552 324,695 215 23,103 -2 .5 657,893 289 41,182 + .6 652 73, 584 -5 2 . 4 1,438,494 -2 .5 4,255,324 1,555 223,93^ -9 .5 + .6 +3.2 - « 4-6 -1 .3 Michigan.. Minnesota______ Mississippi _. Missouri . . . Montana.._ _ 3,461 424,892 2, 017 82,068 554 14,168 3, 771 157, 249 717 11,003 -8 .3 -.8 -5 .0 -2 .0 + .9 8, 702, 670 -15.5 1, 784, 055 +. 3 206,023 +1.0 3,337, 780 -1 .1 253,114 -4 .0 1,074 380,443 376 37,476 8,418 106 846 78,092 3, 365 90 -6 .8 7, 616,227 755,982 -.2 108, 693 -9 .0 -1 .6 1,533, 206 72,371 +2.4 -15.9 -.8 -1 .9 -2 .2 -2 .6 Nebraska____ 1,546 31,797 Nevada_________ 207 3,163 New Hampshire. _ 745 44,433 New Jersey . 3, 550 256,052 New Mexico 6,197 313 -2 .4 +• 7 +1.2 -1 .3 +1.2 676,104 78, 281 778,351 5, 621,484 105,440 + .6 +4.7 +3.5 -2 .3 +2.4 162 12,941 802 28 212 37,039 6728 212,414 27 533 274,661 -1 .4 20, 752 + .5 -.4 619, 613 - . 5 4,461,990 8,874 (7) -.3 +1.8 +2.6 -2 .5 +1.7 New York 9,935 615,077 North Carolina__ 1, 200 133,676 North Dakota___ 495 4, 720 Ohio____ _ 8, 223 505, 213 Oklahoma__ 1,304 34,863 -1 .5 15,456,373 -1 .2 -1 .5 1, 603,093 -2 .1 98,057 +1.3 -1 .9 -5 .7 10, 284,834 -12.1 714,492 +1.7 -2 .5 81,888 366,357 572 123, 785 43 831 2,490 362,456 170 10,473 -1 .9 8,470,704 -1 .6 1,445,478 19, 742 -2 .9 -7 .0 7,116,199 200, 726 +1.7 -2 .4 -2 .5 + .9 -16.3 +3.8 Oregon_____ 1,306 39, 755 Pennsylvania____ 7,923 694,856 Rhode Island____ 1,201 74, 743 South Carolina___ 601 62,860 South Dakota 8, 225 527 792,885 -5 .2 -2 .4 14,083, 764 -2 .4 1,407,987 743, 697 -6 .1 187, 538 + .3 -5 .5 -9 .0 -2 .1 -.8 +2.7 240 20,786 1,962 409,030 391 56,105 223 56,940 2, 369 47 353,194 -10.3 -1 .5 7,380,294 967,348 -3 .1 644, 519 -6 .3 49,006 + .9 -12.8 -9 .8 -2 .8 -.8 +3.4 Tennessee______ Texas. _ Utah... Vermont _ Virginia____ 81,205 89,001 16, 303 13, 613 95, 505 -1 .1 -.8 +2.4 -1 .8 -.6 1,242,438 1,932,522 330,881 267, 743 1, 591,140 -5 .1 -1 .4 +5.2 + .3 -.7 57,632 46,368 6,186 7, 330 65,661 821,609 -2 .5 967,757 -1 .7 116,220 +12.1 142, 523 -4 .0 1, 035, 753 -.7 -7 .5 -.6 +10.7 -.7 -.5 Washington.. . . . 2, 624 68,990 West Virginia 1,175 139, 288 Wisconsin___ 91,045 158,801 Wyoming_______ 331 6, 753 -2 .0 -2 .1 -2 .2 +3.4 1,479,370 -1 .9 2, 576,467 -11.8 2,980,486 -5 .3 156,305 +9.4 440 31,813 245 55,481 771 127,655 45 1,585 592, 747 -4 .6 -5 .8 1,012,807 + 5.5 2,325,111 39,814 +3.0 -8 .6 -15.3 - s 3.9 +17.4 1,231 1,898 509 534 2, 038 -.4 316 552 107 144 475 1 Includes automobile dealers and garages, and sand, gravel, and building stone. 2 Includes banks, insurance, and office employment. 3 Includes building and contracting. 4 Includes construction, municipal, agricultural, and office employment, amusement and recreation, professional, and transportation services. 5 Weighted percent of change. 6 Includes laundries. 7 No change. 8Includes laundering and cleaning, but does not include food, canning, and preserving. 9Includes construction, but does not include hotels and restaurants, and public works. 25 COM PARISON OF E M PL O Y M E N T AND PAY ROLLS IN IDEN TICAL ESTABLISHM ENTS IN JUNE AND JULY 1934, BY STATES—Continued [Figures in italics are not compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued by cooperating State organizations] Wholesale trade State Retail trade Per Per Num cent Amount cent Num Num ber on ber of ber of age of pay roll age pay estab roll, change (1 week) change estab July lish from from lish July 1934 ments 1934 June June ments 1934 1934 Per Per Num Amount cent ber on cent age of pay roll age pay change (1 week) change roll, from July from July 1934 June June 1934 1934 1934 -1 .5 +8.7 -.2 +1.1 +5.3 255 256 211 112 462 4,090 2,735 2,566 22,186 7,167 -5 .4 -3 .6 -1 .9 -1 .0 -4 .1 $69, 274 52,309 47,836 453,532 138, 251 -1 .7 +2.7 —2.1 -3 .7 +1.5 93,840 +3.8 5,423 -2 .1 33, 402 -2 .1 58,589 -18.6 29, 335 + .7 817 72 672 332 674 -2 .8 12,949 -4 .6 1,105 9, 809 -6 .9 4,365 I + i.o 7,162 -4 .3 274, 247 24, 008 204,169 79, 067 113,863 -2 .0 -3 .0 -4 .7 -2 .9 -2 .5 1,457 55,122 13,705 8,818 8,992 +. 9 25, 767 -3 .5 1,113,464 -8 .2 247,497 -9 .3 167, 279 -2 .9 151, 638 +4.0 -4 .0 -3 .5 -. 1 -2 .6 651 274 205 470 4,623 7, 783 5, 775 2, 245 12, 753 69,340 -4 .9 150, 798 +2.4 95,490 -4 .8 41,149 -8 .0 251,504 +4- 4 1,395,807 -3 .8 + .8 -3 .9 -3 .0 -2 .7 +3.4 +6.0 +7.2 +1.9 +8.6 1, 375 892 141 1, 674 326 24, 494 11,971 1,578 25, 265 2, 513 -8 .3 -5 .9 -1 .1 -6 .5 +1.7 509,203 223,714 24,166 532, 224 52,920 -5 .2 -4 .2 +1.7 -4 .5 +3.5 82,041 10,268 10, 399 102,390 4,114 +3.6 +6.4 +1.4 +3.4 -1 .2 561 56 271 1,716 141 6,306 674 2,682 16,044 1,135 -6 .3 +6.5 +. 6 -8 .3 -1 .3 109, 643 13,893 51,226 373,408 19,918 -4 .8 +11.2 + .8 -5 .8 +2.1 -.6 +5.5 -1 .8 + .3 -1 .1 1,438, 519 17,293 11,211 388, 508 52,500 -.8 +4.7 +5.8 +1.9 +3.2 3, 779 380 80 3,489 539 81,953 3, 726 939 50,936 6, 357 -6 .3 1,996,586 -3 .3 52,612 -.8 14,052 -6 .8 995,864 112, 387 -6 .1 -3 .2 + .8 + .3 -4 .2 -.2 +8.8 -.4 -3 .6 (7) +1.7 93, 221 492,675 40,056 15,909 13,023 +4.0 + .5 -2 .1 +3.2 +3.1 483 2,499 573 205 229 6,473 49,093 8, 778 2,456 1,267 -1 .9 125,911 -9 .0 1,001, 520 -2 .0 166,040 -5 .0 34, 385 -3 .7 21,443 + .1 -7 .1 -1 .1 -.5 +1.1 Alabama________ Arizona_________ Arkansas________ California_______ Colorado________ 105 59 51 103 135 2,056 927 1,032 5,888 3, 211 -0 .5 -1 .2 -(10) + .2 -.9 $47,165 19,425 26,418 161,349 84, 669 Connecticut_____ Delaware___ ____ Dist. of Columbia. Florida__________ Georgia_________ 193 13 51 187 88 4, 219 +7.7 239 -1 .6 1,075 +1- 7 2, 792 -32.8 1,200 -1 .4 Idaho_______ . . . Illinois__________ Indiana.............. Iowa. _________ Kansas__________ 37 390 304 180 168 321 12,971 5,865 3, 054 2,808 -5 .3 -1 .4 -1 .7 -.9 +2.4 9,335 353, 528 139,882 78, 591 63,375 +6.5 + .2 + .7 +2.9 +3.1 191 1,250 975 986 777 Kentucky_______ Louisiana_______ Maine___________ Maryland_______ Massachusetts___ 139 194 83 m 865 1,966 3,050 1,371 2,532 18,253 -2 .3 -.9 +1.6 +1.2 +1-4 41,160 70,874 32,828 64,111 486,882 -3 .1 +4.0 +2.4 -.4 +2.3 Michigan________ Minnesota_______ Mississippi______ Missouri_______ Montana________ 290 288 61 646 84 5, 760 7, 623 1,093 13, 934 802 -.4 +1.5 -4 .1 -.9 +5.7 150, 520 208,455 21, 797 370, 545 22, 375 Nebraska________ Nevada_________ New Hampshire.. New Jersey______ New Mexico_____ 424 44 35 201 23 3,100 296 386 3,457 173 -.5 + .3 -.5 +1.6 -.6 New York_______ 2,406 North Carolina__ 50 North Dakota.. 127 Ohio____________ 1,025 134 Oklahoma........... 46,164 707 449 14,965 2,093 274 Oregon__________ Pennsylvania____ 1,066 82 Rhode Island____ South Carolina___ 57 54 South Dakota....... 3, 628 17,638 1,536 680 534 Tennessee—........... Texas___________ Utah____________ Vermont___ _____ Virginia_________ 196 278 64 16 184 2,973 +. 4 6,113 -(10) 935 -2 .3 338 +1.2 3, 643 +11.3 66,471 +4.7 280,167 -11.0 25, 652 -.8 7,414 +4.5 69,915 +5.8 328 605 187 146 1,003 6,258 15,584 2,171 1,410 9,022 +• 7 -2 .7 -10.6 -2 .2 -3 .8 111, 713 280,167 42,491 26,631 159,463 +1.2 -11.0 +3.7 -.5 -1 .7 Washington_____ West Virginia____ Wisconsin___ . . . Wyoming_______ 707 £1 45 21 9, 694 1,479 657 168 266,354 39,232 23,046 4,955 1,086 230 53 144 10,875 2, 869 10,196 947 -2 .9 (7) -4 .6 + .1 213,126 54,090 143,160 19,163 + .4 -2 .8 -3 .3 +3.8 7 No change. +1.8 -.3 +1.2 +1.2 +6.5 + .4 +6.0 +7.3 !° Less than of 1 percent. 26 COM PARISON OF E M PL O Y M E N T AND PAY ROLLS IN ID E N TICA L ESTABLISHM ENTS IN JUNE AND JULY 1934, B Y STATES—Continued [Figures in italics are not compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued by cooperating State organiza tions] Quarrying and nonmetallic mining Metalliferous mining Per Per Per Num Per Num cent Num ber Amount cent cent Num ber on cent Amount on ber of age of pay roll ber of age age of pay roll age pay pay estab roll, change (1 week) change estab change (1 week) change roll, lish from from lish July July from from July ments July June 1934 1934 June ments June June 1934 1934 1934 1934 1934 1934 State Alabama _______ Arizona ________ Arkansas________ California________ C olorado._______ 10 3 4 37 4 544 —2.5 30 -25.0 124 (0 1,018 -5 .3 49 +75.0 $6,349 503 1,522 19,239 489 —5.0 —14. 7 +9.1 —14.3 + .6 Connecticut_____ Delaware________ Dist. of Columbia. Florida__________ Georgia_________ 25 358 +25.6 6,501 +12.5 16 23 899 1,201 +• 1 +2.2 10,934 12,448 —.6 +8.1 Illinois__________ Iowa____________ Kansas__________ 17 67 23 36 562 1,936 353 1,337 —4.9 +3.5 -8 .3 -1 .8 10,331 33,126 5,220 25,727 —14.9 +3.1 -26. 4 —10.1 Kentucky_______ Louisiana________ Maine _________ Maryland_______ M assachusetts___ 40 7 10 9 16 1,300 +11.4 721 —1.5 468 -2 .5 251 -10.0 385 +4.6 13,423 9,859 11,293 3,575 8,055 —4.3 +6.3 +5.3 -16.6 —. 1 Michigan________ M innesota______ Mississippi______ Missouri________ Montana________ 41 21 8 48 6 1,600 +1.2 286 +2.5 199 +26.8 980 -17.9 134 +100.0 _(10) 29,410 +3.4 4,358 1,597 —18.4 14,422 -13.2 3,508 +235.1 Nebraska________ Nevada_________ New Hampshire._ New Jersey........... New Mexico_____ 235 -42.5 3,707 -26.0 10 33 308 705 -.3 +9.6 8,501 13,365 +16.0 +9.6 82 13 2,784 358 -3 .2 +5.6 54,953 4,876 -11.5 +5.2 135 16 -.2 3,788 175 —11.6 61,985 1,647 -7 .1 -19.0 Oregon__________ Pennsylvania Rhode Island _ South Carolina___ South Dakota _ __ 4 147 72 -29.4 5,671 -1 .3 1.165 88,505 -36.4 -13.1 +4.2 -3 .7 1,429 1,072 +3.7 -15.9 Tennessee_______ Texas U ta h _________ — Vermont - ___ Virginia 24 21 5 37 30 759 -3 .1 1,376 —10.9 85 +26.9 1,981 —5.8 1,078 —10. 2 9,320 23,638 1,658 39,765 14,664 +6.1 -4 .3 +30.1 -2 .3 + .5 W ashington West Virginia Wisconsin_______ W yom in g_______ 14 19 U 333 —23.4 935 —8.5 342 -11.4 7,744 12,643 5,886 +2.4 -15. 7 -9 .1 New York_______ North Carolina__ North Dakota Ohio _ Oklahoma_______ 9 4 6 7 No change. 125 79 m Less than Ho of 1 percent. 10 17 3 36 13 1,115 3,533 453 3,136 1,180 +63.0 +6.3 +11.0 —.5 +7.8 $9,646 78,577 6,360 75,679 31,101 +165.6 +2.2 +13.3 —6.9 +8.2 8 1,946 -.1 38,736 -13.7 12 535 -49.7 7,046 -6 2.4 38 30 4,888 1,673 + .2 -.4 81,376 37,315 -1 .7 -1 .1 13 16 1,803 200 -2 .2 -55.9 20,559 4, 597 + .7 -8 0.8 15 609 -7 .4 15,860 +3.6 3 15 -11.8 290 -1 4.5 28 262 -70.4 4,244 -69.5 5 85 -4 .5 1,616 -2 .2 4 316 +1.3 6,587 -.2 12 2,152 -.3 44,034 -.3 661 +2.2 10,985 -21.1 00 “ Not available. 27 COM PARISON OF E M PLO Y M E N T AND PAY ROLLS IN IDENTICAL ESTABLISHM ENTS IN JUNE AND JULY 1934, BY STATES—Continued [Figures in italics are not compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued by cooperating State organizations] Crude-petroleum producing Bituminous-coal mining State Alabama Arizona_________ Arkansas________ California . . „ „ Colorado________ Per Per Per Per Num cent Num cent Amount cent cent Num ber Num ber on on age ofAmount age ber of pay roll ber of of pay roll age age pay change (1 week) change pay change (1 week) change estab estab roll, roll, from lish July from July lish from from July 1934 1934 June June June June ments 1934 ments July 1934 1934 1934 1934 1934 55 10,883 -1 .3 $138,865 -9 .9 46 2,797 -4 .6 37,304 -22.9 34 50 22 12 6,518 +6.1 5,119 +4.3 1, 424 +19.9 596 -3 .7 113,670 90,120 20, 797 13,100 + 20.7 +2.5 +45. 5 +11.0 6 46 350 12, 741 -1 0.0 +3.4 $8,278 397,092 +1.3 +6.6 8 5 210 41 +3.4 +7.9 4,346 720 +3.5 +4.8 26 1,692 + .8 40, 739 +3.7 5 7 265 240 +5.2 -11.4 3,888 7,153 +10.9 -3 .2 3 39 +5.4 887 -6 .3 Connecticut_____ Delaware........ . Dist. of Columbia. Florida.................. Georgia_________ Idaho. _........ ...... Illinois_______ _ Indiana...,......... Iowa________ Kansas_________ Kentucky______ Louisiana_______ Maine........ ......... . Maryland_______ Massachusetts___ 141 29,314 -.1 445,191 -6 .4 17 1,436 -3 .0 15,796 -3 .2 Michigan______ Minnesota_____ Mississippi______ Missouri......... ...... Montana______ 3 417 +13.6 4,970 -19.3 19 10 1,059 +61.2 678 +28.4 15,189 13,307 +38.2 +11.9 Nebraska.............. Nevada____ _____ New Hampshire New Jersey........... New Mexico......... 14 1,769 28,302 +2.5 New York_______ North Carolina North Dakota___ Ohio...................... .......... Oregon....... ........... Pennsylvania........ Rhode Island........ South Carolina South Dakota.. .. Tennessee.. .......... Texas..................... Utah................... Vermont................ Virginia........... . Washington.......... West Virginia Wisconsin............. Wyoming....... ...... 9 76 16 + .8 5 129 +17.3 2,965 +12.7 3 186 -35.9 3,909 -36.5 424 -14.3 7, 547 236, 684 14,267 +• 7 5,476 + 5.6 265 Oklahoma.. -20.4 -5 .7 +39.1 5 50 56 5,465 +9.8 -1 .9 757 133,708 +18.5 +3.5 74,771 -1 .7 1, 232,630 -13.4 17 973 +9.0 21,933 +2.4 17 5 15 3,130 +15.4 350 + .3 -.6 1,133 39,410 6,031 22,630 -14.8 -4 .0 +4.9 3 7,376 +5.5 234,463 +1.9 22 4,610 +2.3 66,558 -15.1 12 357 1,000 68,873 +4.5 + .4 23,774 1,230,909 +8.8 -1 2.4 9 528 +6.9 10,510 +18.0 31 2,945 + 6.2 65,912 +8.8 7 224 CO 6,256 +3.3 451 7 No change. 28 COMPARISON OF E M PL O Y M E N T AND PAY ROLLS IN IDEN TICAL ESTABLISHM ENTS IN JUNE AND JULY 1934, BY STATES—Continued [Figures in italics are not compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued by cooperating State organizations] Hotels Public utilities Per Per Per Per Num cent Num cent Num ber Amount cent Amount cent Num ber on age of on ber of of pay roll age pay roll ber of age age pay change (1 week) change estab pay change (1 week) change estab roll, roll, from lish from July lish from July from 1934 ments July June 1934 June June June ments July 1934 1934 1934 1934 1934 1934 State Alabama________ Arizona................. Arkansas........ ...... California________ Colorado________ 88 67 36 48 202 1,813 1,461 2,063 44, H5 5,883 +1.2 +9.2 -2 -.6 -1 .9 $39,367 35,488 44,744 1,248,248 156,149 +2.6 +9.0 + 5.6 +1.4 +3.9 22 20 26 173 59 1,227 367 819 9,236 1, 514 - 3 .0 - 5 .4 -8 .5 -.9 +18.5 $10,198 5,605 7,234 141,554 20,999 -6 .9 -2 .9 - 5.8 -2 .5 +29.7 Connecticut.......... Delaware________ Dist. of Columbia. Florida__________ Georgia.... ............. 132 6 22 185 186 9,847 751 9, 760 4,827 7,249 + .2 +1.9 +1.8 + .9 + .5 300,384 21,655 272,071 122,010 199,737 -1 .0 +2.9 +2.2 +5.6 +6.9 31 3 44 68 39 1,304 260 4,113 1,289 1, 535 +1.5 -.4 - 7 .2 +1.5 -4 .2 17,453 3,483 64, 211 11,912 12,463 +5.1 -1 .8 -6 .0 -7 .6 -4 .6 Idaho.................... 57 87 Illinois.____ _____ Indiana....... .......... 136 422 Iowa____________ Kansas__________ 13186 822 73,614 9, 773 9, 366 7,391 +1.6 + .3 +1.6 + .9 + .5 16,807 2,052,872 252, 790 223,162 173,608 +5.9 +1. 6 +6.2 +5.8 -.4 20 239 66 57 31 400 16,436 2,912 2,288 695 -1 .0 -.5 -7 .4 -1 1.0 -4 -5 4,788 253, 448 31,128 22,426 7,219 +1. 6 +3.3 -3 .9 -8 .1 -2 .9 Kentucky..______ Louisiana________ Maine______ ____ M a ry la n d ...____ Massachusetts___ 289 152 169 H 128 6.365 6,083 2,677 12,547 47,789 +1.3 +1.4 + .9 + .9 +1.2 149,988 152, 604 68,331 354.370 1,362,944 +3.9 +4.8 -.3 —2 1 +1.9 36 22 23 19 66 1,980 2,076 895 663 5,137 -4 .9 -3 .2 +27.9 -1 .8 -4 .0 19,965 22,972 10,369 8,368 73,059 -4 .0 -6 .4 +22.2 -2 .2 -1 .4 Michigan________ Minnesota_______ Mississippi______ Missouri................ Montana________ 412 226 191 208 105 24,930 12,730 1,899 21, 204 2,083 + .2 +1.6 +4.3 + .3 -2 .5 763, 684 345,711 38,820 573,806 61,814 -.5 +6.0 +7.3 +3.4 +5.3 98 73 20 97 36 5,479 3, 349 553 5,172 583 -3 .4 + .2 +4.5 -2 .4 +2.8 69,428 39, 386 4,093 61, 739 8, 301 -2 .0 -3 .0 -1 .6 -3 .2 +2.2 Nebraska________ Nevada_________ New Hampshire. _ New Jersey______ New Mexico_____ 302 38 141 266 51 5,935 413 2,295 21, 803 596 4-1.4 -3 .5 +1.2 + .6 + .3 153, 308 12, 077 60,580 637,086 12, 651 +6.0 +1.0 +. 5 +1.2 +7.7 43 20 20 97 24 1, 566 -5 .5 328 +13.5 876 +242.2 5, 277 +21.6 +4.2 717 16. 309 4, 431 9,672 62, 375 7,050 -4 .8 +9.1 +240.7 + 16.3 -.6 New York_______ North Carolina__ North Dakota___ Ohio___________ _ Oklahoma_______ 868 97 171 430 248 92,930 2,009 1,319 35,718 6, 515 + .4 -.4 +1.7 +1.1 +2.2 2, 869,493 43,650 32,995 996,964 152,640 + .4 +3.4 +7.4 +4.2 +4.2 221 39 18 138 52 28,819 1, 604 287 8, 795 1, 520 -1 .2 +3.0 -2 .0 -1 .5 -3 .2 450, 729 13, 728 3,033 113, 069 16,104 -3 .2 -4 .4 + .8 -5 .5 -2 .5 Oregon__________ Pennsylvania____ Rhode Island____ South Carolina___ South Dakota____ 182 711 45 73 130 5, 720 54,939 4, 763 1,812 1,140 +2.0 + .* + .5 + .5 -.7 155,328 1,577,297 135,139 37, 222 27,888 +2.4 +1.4 -.6 + .9 +7.7 68 164 16 14 21 1,415 10,005 398 299 328 + .4 + 1.6 +48.5 -3 6.0 -4 .4 17,833 126,909 4, 579 2,739 3,959 +1.3 -3 .1 +33.3 -34.8 -.1 Tennessee____. . . Texas............. ...... Utah.___________ Vermont............... Virginia.......... ...... 246 399 65 126 180 5,038 9,286 1,832 1, 508 6, 219 +1.3 +3.0 -.9 + .9 -.2 113,945 242,299 40, 656 36,049 152, 234 +1.2 +1.3 +4.9 + .6 +4.1 40 40 14 25 41 2,452 2,898 497 674 2,318 +2.2 +2.6 (7) +35.1 -2 .9 20,997 40,272 6, 648 6,888 24,590 -.9 +21.4 +4. 4 +36.6 -2 .0 Washington_____ West Virginia____ Wisconsin_____ . Wyoming............. 197 119 1441 48 10,065 6,399 10,854 456 + .9 +2.7 —.3 + .7 280,489 172, 279 336,572 11, 605 +2.0 +6.3 +6.2 +7.9 91 40 43 15 2,973 1,299 1,464 148 +5.5 -1 .7 —3.0 +2.1 34,313 13,756 (u) 1,928 +2.6 -.8 7 No change. 11 Not available. 12Includes restaurants. 12 13 Includes steam railways. 14Includes railways and express. +2.1 29 COM PARISON OF E M PLO Y M E N T AND PAY ROLLS IN IDEN TICAL ESTABLISHMENTS IN JUNE AND JULY 1934, B Y STATES—Continued [Figures in italics are not compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued by cooperating State organizations] Dyeing and cleaning Laundries State Per Per Per Per Num cent Num cent cent Num ber Amount cent Amount Num ber on on ber of of pay roll age age age ber of age of pay roll pay change (1 week) change pay change (1 week) change estab roll, estab roll, lish July from from from July lish from July July 1934 1934 June ments 1934 June ments 1934 June June 1934 1934 1934 1934 Alabama.... Arizona___ Arkansas... California... Colorado.... Connecticut........ . Delaware________ Dist. of Columbia. Florida__________ Georgia_________ Idaho. . . Illinois -. Indiana. Iowa__ Kansas.. Kentucky_____ Louisiana........... M a in e ......... . Maryland_____ Massachusetts.. 342 639 5,298 1,133 +1.5 -.3 (0 + .3 +3.8 $9,498 5,050 6,612 96,852 15,970 -1 .6 + 1.2 68 208 -4 .6 3,801 39 4 17 19 +3.5 +2.9 + .3 + .7 -9 .1 21.473 5, 674 40,854 6,718 24, 506 +2.9 +5.3 -1 .9 -2 .8 -18.8 301 +2.4 6,320 -1 .5 21 1,323 320 2,677 726 2,217 124 78 194 +14.8 -1 .3 -9 .3 2, 214 1,141 2,465 +5. 2 -5 .1 -12.5 15 is 72 34 28 is 43 292 3,492 1, 566 1, 016 937 -.7 4, 235 57,672 22,141 13, 567 12,556 -4 .0 + .3 +2.7 -1 .3 -2 .9 568 132 -4 .4 - 9, 510 2, 407 -5 .5 -6 .3 1,640 +. 6 450 -3.8 698 +22.7 1,947 + .S 5,380 - 1.6 21,186 4,956 9,929 SO, 702 90,448 -.2 -7 .9 +21.3 + .6 - 1.1 284 143 171 226 2,186 -2 .7 +2.9 +• 6 4,284 1,880 3, 240 4,44^ 41,148 -7 .6 -3 .3 3,313 1, 677 160 2, 819 323 -1 .3 -1 .9 +4.6 -.7 + .3 49,121 26,160 1, 436 37,345 5,471 -2 .1 -2 .6 -1 .4 -2 .5 +1.2 515 57 1,193 30 -3 .6 +6.3 13, 556 +9.8 201 + 12. 2 +5.3 5,151 102, 535 2,129 +14. 3 +3.1 -.4 50 423 +1.1 438 128 17 10 22 i*69 27 33 6 25 26 M ichigan... Minnesota.. Mississippi.. Missouri___ Montana___ -( 10) + .1 —(10) +1-4 +6.5 1 2.0 +8.1 -3 .3 3,381 -11.7 - 1.2 835 9, 769 -2 .7 -4 .5 8,805 1,739 -1 .5 -8 .7 - 8.6 40, 530 2,026 -1 2.3 - 2.0 -6 .7 -3 .8 +10.3 -16.7 1,017 32,439 7,927 459 641 +5.6 -1 0.3 -4 .5 +16.5 -1 3.6 2, 564 8,988 1,943 542 5, 903 -2 .7 -3 .7 -.2 -8 .9 +. 6 +3.3 +3.0 -.5 127,676 8, 679 3,055 61, 685 12, 303 Oregon________ Pennsylvania... Rhode Island... South Carolina.. South Dakota... 348 2, 735 942 398 143 -1 .4 + .4 +4.6 +4.4 5, 477 42, 241 16,320 3,625 1, 714 -1 .7 + .8 -6 .3 +3.8 49 1,771 430 32 35 10 1, 384 1, 593 610 118 1,066 +2.5 +1.3 -.5 +9.3 +3.6 13,882 21, 274 8, 954 1,454 13,417 -. 1 +• 9 +2.3 +10.5 +4.7 527 115 31 362 -4 .3 -2 .9 -.9 -3 .1 -2 .4 16 15 i>28 4 628 580 955 -.5 10, 708 821 13,092 1, 746 103 +1.0 Tennessee.. Texas____ Utah_____ Vermont... Virginia__ Washington__ West Virginia.. Wisconsin____ Wyoming____ 13 25 8 19 7 No change. +1.8 +1.0 -5 .5 - 1. 0 - 1.2 ++•6.85 -6 .4 + .5 io Less than Mo of 1 percent. 73 2, 207 151 202 200 -1 1.7 8.6 7,344 783 203 3, 868 953 -1 .4 -4 .4 2.1 -27. 5 New York......... North Carolina. North Dakota... Ohio__________ Oklahoma__ ... +1.6 - +21.4 -5 .8 -5 .3 (0 6.6 350 5, 591 149 +2.8 -7 .7 19, 543 8, 603 873 19, 559 592 - Nebraska_______ Nevada_______ New Hampshire . New Jersey_____ New Mexico....... 934 -4 .0 -10.5 - - 6.2 (0 1,956 3,1G9 15Includes dyeing and cleaning. - 11.2 - +2.2 -.3 10.6 22 .8 -5 .0 11.1 - - 8.6 + 1.6 -4 .8 30 COMPARISON OF E M PL O Y M E N T AND PAY ROLLS IN IDENTICAL ESTABLISHM ENTS IN JUNE AN D JULY 1934, BY STATES—Continued [Figures in italics are not compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued by cooperating State organizations] Banks, brokerage, insurance, and real estate State Number of Number establish on pay roll ments July 1934 Percent Amount of Percentage age pay roll change change (1 week) from from July 1934 June 1934 June 1934 Alabama___ _____ _______________________ Arizona___________ _____ ____ ____ ________ Arkansas____ ______ _______________ ______ California________________________________ Colorado__________ ______________________ 29 17 20 1,169 45 550 203 250 22, 696 1,416 +0.2 -3 .8 +2.0 -.2 +1.5 $15,964 5,158 6,060 750,325 46,496 +1.0 -2 .4 +3.3 -.3 +2.3 Connecticut________________ ____________ _ Delaware_______ ____ ____________________ District of Columbia...... ................. .............. Florida__________________________________ Georgia........ ...................................... ............. 65 14 39 20 55 1,939 556 1, 291 773 1, 289 -1 .2 (7) +1.3 + .1 -1 .2 67,892 20,249 47,319 24,920 37,805 -1 .2 -1 .0 +2.8 +2.9 +1.7 Idaho___ ____ _____________ _____________ Illinois__________ _______ ______ ____ ______ Indiana__________ ____ ___________________ Iowa_______ ____ _______________ _____ ___ Kansas_______________ ________ ____ ______ 14 104 51 18 16 88 126 10,923 1,259 996 863 +4.1 + .9 -.1 +1.1 -.0 3,072 377, 666 41,277 32,242 27,628 + ( 10) -(10) +1.9 +3.7 +1.7 Kentucky_______________________ ______ Louisiana________ ____ ____________ ____ Maine________ _______ _______________ ___ Maryland________________________________ Massachusetts................................................ 19 20 19 34 606 404 275 1,162 7,698 + .5 +2.0 +1.1 +1.4 -• 4 20,813 15,359 7,509 39,508 226,548 +1.6 +2.5 +3.9 -.4 +1.2 Michigan..... ................ ................................ . Minnesota........................................................ Mississippi............ ....................................... . Missouri_____ _____ ___________ ________ Montana......... ....................................... ......... 198 55 17 147 25 6,529 4,768 211 5,728 253 + .7 -2 .9 +1.0 -.8 +2.0 199,564 134,371 4,548 159,186 6,971 +1.0 -4 .6 +1.9 -1 .3 -.4 Nebraska....................................................... Nevada__________ _____________ _____ ____ New Hampshire....................................... ...... New Jersey_____________ ______ ________ New Mexico..... ........................ ............... ...... 22 579 -.3 19,498 +1.2 35 136 20 447 13, 317 131 -.7 +1.1 +1.6 12,374 379,051 3,492 New York....... .......................... ...................... North Carolina................................ ............ . North Dakota....................... .......................... Ohio..... ........................................ ................... Oklahoma......................................................... 744 28 34 289 22 54,865 576 241 8,157 634 -.3 -.7 +1.3 + .9 +4.4 1,917,643 15,038 5,953 272,589 20,731 +13.4 -1 .2 +•2 -(19) + .1 +2.7 +1.3 +12.1 Oregon.............................................................. Pennsylvania............................... ................... Rhode Island..... ............................................ South Carolina. ................. ......... ................ . South Dakota................. ................................ 36 u 789 69 11 29 1,179 22,702 1,756 118 239 -4 .2 -.1 +1.9 +2.6 +3.0 38,123 705,384 69,894 3,410 5,987 -4 .4 -.7 +. 8 +(i°) +1.4 Tennessee........................... ............................. Texas.................................... ......................... Utah................................... ................... ......... Vermont................... ....................................... Virginia............ ........... ........................ ......... 35 49 21 28 55 1,061 1,580 587 223 1,526 + .3 -.1 + .7 +4.7 + .1 35,940 41,778 19,995 6,477 48,643 +1.5 -.2 -0 ° ) +3.8 -.2 Washington................. ............ ...................... West Virginia.................................................. Wisconsin................. ................ ...................... Wyoming.......................................................... 49 43 32 12 1,476 645 1,007 115 +3.4 + .3 -2 .1 -1 .7 47,661 18,862 34,079 3,536 +1.6 + .8 -1 .2 + .8 7No change. Less than Ho of 1 percent. i Does not include brokerage and real estate. 31 Employment and Pay Rolls in July 1934 in Cities of Over 500,000 Population LUCTUATIONS in employment and pay-roll totals in July 1934 as compared with June 1934 in 13 cities of the United States having a population of 500,000 or over are presented in the following table. These changes are computed from reports received from identical establishments in each of the months considered. In addition to reports received from establishments in the several industrial groups regularly covered in the survey of the Bureau, excluding building construction, reports have also been secured from other establishments in these cities for inclusion in these totals. Information concerning employment in building construction is not available for all cities at this time and therefore has not been included. F FLUCTUATIONS IN E M PL O Y M E N T AN D P A Y ROLLS IN JULY 1934 AS C O M PA R E D W IT H JUNE 1934 Cities New York City........... . Chicago, 111_______ _____ Philadelphia, Pa............... Detroit, M ich__________ Los Angeles, C a l i f ..____ Cleveland, Ohio------------St. Louis, M o__________ Baltimore, M d _________ Boston, Mass___ ______ Pittsburgh, Pa................. San Francisco, Calif_____ Buffalo, N .Y ___________ Milwaukee, Wis________ Number of Number on pay roll establish ments re porting in both June 1934 July 1934 months 6,870 2,405 2,285 1,597 1,700 2,000 2,003 1,112 2,206 1,032 1,671 674 567 448,019 283,467 169, 787 314,938 91,657 127,178 116,338 80,910 135,051 114,952 70,423 58, 232 46,060 Per cent age change from June 1934 435, 543 282,455 168,781 282,542 90,185 120,409 114,055 79,300 132,335 109,040 68,414 56,463 44, 870 Amount of pay roll (1 week) June 1934 July 1934 -2 .8 $11,668,223 $11,428, 779 -.4 6,910,178 6,944,640 -.6 3, 790,255 3,847,377 -10.3 7,198,794 5,842,998 2,123,422 -1 .6 2,140,596 -5 .3 2,935,105 2,655,860 2,515, 734 2,444,395 -2 .0 1,742,811 -2 .0 1,693, 734 -2 .0 3,033,888 3,004,780 -5 .1 2,565,893 2, 250, 716 1, 720,815 -2 .9 1,641,119 1,303,986 1, 281,158 -3 .0 -2 .6 1,015,854 990,566 Per cent age change from June 1934 -2 .1 + .5 -1 .5 -1 8.8 -.8 -9 .5 -2 .8 -2 .8 -1 .0 -12.3 -4 .6 -1 .8 -2 .5 1 Employment on Class I Steam Railroads in the United States EPORTS of the Interstate Commerce Commission for class I railroads show that the number of employees, exclusive of executives and officials, decreased from 1,042,371 on June 15, 1934, to 1,035,909 (preliminary) on July 15, 1934, or —0.6 percent. Data are not yet available concerning total compensation of employees for July 1934. The latest pay-roll information available shows a decrease from $124,953,597 in May 1934 to $124,435,273 in June 1934, or 0.4 percent. The monthly trend of employment from January 1923 to July 1934 on class I railroads— that is, all roads having operating revenues of $1,000,000 or over— is shown by index numbers published in the fol lowing table. These index numbers, constructed by the Interstate Commerce Commission, are based on the 3-year average, 1923-25 as 100. R 32 IN D E XE S OF E M PL O Y M E N T ON CLASS I STEA M R A ILROADS IN THE UNITED STATES, JANUARY 1923 TO JULY 1934 [3-year average, 1923-25=100] Month 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 98.4 96.7 96.9 98.6 100.4 97.3 101.9 98.8 104.8 99.1 107.1 97.9 108.2 98.0 109.2 98.9 107.7 99.6 107.1 100.7 98.9 105.0 99.1 96.0 104.0 | 98.2 95.5 95.3 95.1 96.5 97.7 98.5 99.3 99.5 99.7 100.4 98.9 96.9 97.8 95.6 95.8 96.5 98.6 100.0 101.3 102.6 102.4 102.5 103.1 101.0 98.0 99.8 95.2 95.0 95.6 97.1 99.1 100.7 100.7 99.2 98.8 98.5 95.5 91.7 97.3 89.1 88.7 89.7 91.5 94.4 95.8 95.4 95.5 95.1 95.2 92.7 89.5 92.7 88.0 88.6 89.8 91.9 94.6 95.8 96.3 97.1 96. 5 96. 6 92.8 88.5 93.1 86.1 85.2 85.3 86.7 88.3 86.3 84.5 83. 5 82.0 80.2 76.9 74.8 83.3 73.5 72.6 72.7 73.4 73.8 72.7 72.3 71.0 69.2 67.6 64.4 62.5 70.6 61.1 60.2 60.5 59.9 59.6 57.7 56.3 54. 9 55.7 56. 9 55.8 54.7 57.8 53.0 52.7 51.5 51.8 52.5 53.6 55.4 56.8 57.7 57.4 55.8 54.0 54.4 54.1 54.6 55.9 56.9 58.5 159.0 158.7 1923 January_____________ February____________ March______________ April. __ __________ M ay____________ June__________ _____ July________________ A u g u st..___________ September.................. O ctober____________ November_____ ____ _ December__________ Average_______ 1 Preliminary. 2 56.8 2 Average for 7 months. Source: Interstate Commerce Commission. Employment and Pay Rolls in the Federal Service, July 1934 HE number of employees in the executive departments of the United States increased by 5,518, comparing July 1934 with June 1934; comparing July with the same month of the previous year there was an increase of 110,012. Data concerning employment in the executive departments are collected by the Civil Service Commission from the various depart ments and offices of the United States Government. The figures are tabulated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Employment data for the legislative, judicial, and military services are collected and compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, United States Depart ment of Labor. Table 1 shows the number of employees in the executive depart ments of the Federal Government. Data for employees working in the District of Columbia are shown separately. Approximately 13 percent of the employees in the executive departments of the United States Government worked in the city of Washington. T T able 1 . — EM PLOYEES IN THE E XECU TIVE SERVICE OF THE UNITED STATES JULY 1933 AND JUNE AND JULY 1934 District of Columbia Item Perma Tem pora nent ry! Total Outside the District Entire service Perma Tempo Total rary i nent Perma Tempo nent rary 1 Total Number of employees: July 1933_______________ 62,793 3,787 66, 580 460,400 29,620 490,020 523,193 33,407 556,600 June 1934........................... 78,302 8,894 87,196 495,686 78,212 573,898 573,988 87,106 661,094 July 1934.............. ............. 79, 582 8,396 87,978 496,529 82,105 578, 634 576, 111 90,501 666, 612 Gain or loss: July 1933-July 1934______ +16,789 +4,609 +21,398 +36,129 +52,485 +88,614 +52,918 +57,094 +110,012 +782 +843 +3,893 +4,736 +2,123 +3,395 +5,518 June 1934-July 1934........... +1,280 -498 Percent of change: +7.8 +177.2 +18.1 +10.1 +170.9 +19.8 July 1933-July 1934........... +26.7 +121.7 +32.1 +0.4 +0.2 +5.0 +3.9 +0.8 +1.6 -5 .6 +0.9 +0.8 June 1934-July 1934........... Labor turn-over July 1934: 9,106 23,158 32, 264 12,177 24,832 37,009 3,071 1,674 4,745 Additions 2........................ 1,784 2.165 3,949 8,277 19,265 27,542 10,061 21,430 31,491 Separations 2...... .............. 4.78 1.75 24.13 4.74 2.26 19.36 4.51 1.67 24.03 Turn-over rate per 100----1Not including field employees of the Post Office Department. 2 Not including employees transferred within the Government service as such transfers should not be regarded as labor turn-over. 33 During the month ending July 31 there were 79,582 permanent employees on the pay rolls of the executive departments in the District of Columbia. This is an increase of 1,280, or 1.6 percent, as compared with June, and an increase of 16,789, or 26.7 percent, as compared with July 1933. The number of temporary employees decreased 5.6 percent, comparing July with June, but increased 121.7 percent comparing July with the corresponding month of the previous year. The turn-over rates for the month of July for employees in the District of Columbia were as follows: Permanent, 2.26; temporary, 19.36; and total employment, 4.51. Employment in the executive departments outside of the city of Washington increased 0.8 percent, comparing July with June 1934. Comparing July 1934 with July 1933, there was an increase of 18.1 percent in total employment outside of the District of Columbia. Table 2 shows employment in the executive departments of the United States Government by months, January to July 1934, inclusive. T 2 —E M PLO Y M E N T IN THE E XECU TIVE D E P A R T M E N TS OF THE UN ITED STATES BY MONTHS, 1934, FOR DISTR IC T OF COLUMBIA, OUTSIDE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, AND TOTALS able Outside District of Co lumbia District of Co lumbia Month Januarv._. ... _ . February ---------March... _________ April___ ________ Month Total 78. 045 i 530,094 i 608,139 79,913 i 531,839 i 611,752 541,990 623, 559 81, 569 644,108 560, 258 83,850 M ay______________ June.. ___________ July______________ District of Co lumbia Outside District of Co lumbia 85,939 87,196 87,978 573,147 573,898 578, 634 Total 659,086 661,094 666, 612 1 Revised. The number of executive employees in the District of Columbia has increased by more than 9,000, comparing July with January 1934, while outside the District of Columbia the number of employees over this 7-month period increased more than 40,000. Table 3 shows the number of employees and the amounts of pay rolls in the various branches of the United States Government during June and July 1934. T 3 —N U M BER OF EM PLOYEES AND AMOUNTS OF PAY ROLLS IN THE VARIOUS BRANCHES OF THE U NITED STATES GOVERN M ENT, JUNE AND JULY 1934 able Number of employees Amount of pay roll Branch of service June Executive service ---------------------------------Military service_______ ______ ______ ______ Judicial service------------------- ------------------------Legislative service---------------------------------------Total__________ ___ _ _______________ i July June July 661,094 267,038 1,881 3,878 666,612 268, 257 1, 750 3, 713 $91,540,629 19,539,020 439,170 944,758 $94,158,132 20,391,629 434, 736 978,908 933,891 940,332 112,463,577 115,963,405 34 Employees in the executive service and in the military service of the United States Government showed slight increases, comparing July with June. There were decreases, however, in both the judicial and legislative services. Table 4 shows the number of employees and amounts of pay rolls for all branches of the United States Government for the months of December 1933 to July 1934, inclusive. T 4 —N U M BER OF EM PLOYEES AND AM OUNTS OF PAY ROLLS FOR A LL BRANCHES OF THE U N ITED STATES GO V E R N M EN T B Y MONTHS, D E C E M B E R 1933 TO JULY 1934, INCLUSIVE able Executive service Month Number of em ployees Amount of pay roll 1933 December.......... ............ 608,670 $82,011,601 1934 January-----------------------February____ __________ March_________________ April___ _________ _____ M ay___________________ June.... ........... ................. July____ ______________ 608,139 611,752 623, 559 644,108 659,086 661,094 666, 612 77,450,498 83, 524,296 84,837,493 85,090, 283 89, 577,479 91, 540, 629 94,158,132 Military service Number of em ployees Amount of pay roll Judicial service Legislative service Num Amount Num ber of of pay ber of Amount of pay em em roll roll ployees ployees 263,622 $17,656,909 1,872 $432,435 3,864 $886,781 262,942 263,464 266,285 266,923 266,864 267,038 268,257 1,780 1,742 1,854 1,904 1,913 1,881 1, 750 3,845 3,852 3,867 3,865 3,862 3,878 3,713 871,753 926,363 928,368 926,484 940,666 944,758 978,908 18,499,516 19, 532,832 19,050,158 18,816,636 19, 216,150 19,539,020 20,391, 629 417,000 430,843 443,505 432,401 442,896 439,170 434,736 Employment Created by the Public Works Administration Fund, July 1934 HERE was an increase of nearly 30,000 employees working on Public Works Administration construction projects comparing July with June. During the month ending July 15 more than 612,000 people were working at the site of Public Works Adminstration con struction projects which are financed either wholly or partly from the Public Works Administration fund. These workers were paid nearly $33,000,000 for their month’s work. T Employment on Construction Projects, by Type of Project Table 1 shows, by type of project, employment, pay rolls, and manhours worked during the month of July 1 1934 on Federal projects financed from the Public Works Administration fund. 1 Whenever the month of July is spoken of in this study, it is assumed to mean the month ending July 15. 35 1 —EM PLO Y M E N T, PA Y ROLLS, AND MAN-HOURS W ORKED ON FE D E RA L PROJECTS FINANCED FROM THE PUBLIC WORKS A D M IN ISTR A TIO N FUND, D U R ING JULY 1934, B Y TYPE OF PROJECT T a b le [Subject to revision] Average Number Amount of Number of earnings of wage pay rolls man-hours per earners worked hour Type of project Building construction_______________________ Public roads______ ___________ ____ ________ River, harbor, and flood control_____________ Streets and roads 1________ _________________ Naval vessels______________________________ Reclamation____ _______ ___________________ F orestry..________ ___________ ________ ___ Water and sewerage________________________ Miscellaneous___________ ____ _ _________ T otal..______________________________ Value of material orders placed 36, 601 319,345 46, 472 11, 922 16, 513 13,992 26,186 1,460 17,123 $2,164,932 14,187, 908 2, 993, 560 553,683 1, 859,199 1, 392,972 1, 711,196 78, 597 1,413,982 2,912,428 28, 372,857 4,865, 972 1,068,064 2, 240,040 2,186,946 3,052,844 112, 761 2, 335, 850 $0. 743 .500 .615 .518 .830 .637 .561 .697 .605 $3, 578,486 20,100,000 4,872, 616 558, 205 1, 957,811 2, 574,158 460,650 153,069 3, 826, 412 489, 614 26, 356,029 47,147, 762 .559 38,081,407 1 Other than those reported by the Bureau of Public Roads. Federal projects are financed entirely by allotments made by the Public Works Administration to various departments and agencies of the Federal Government. The construction work is done either by commercial firms to whom contracts are awarded by the Federal agencies or by day labor hired directly by such agencies. Nearly 490,000 people were working on Federal projects during the month ending July 15. More than 65 percent of these workers were engaged in building roads. Over 45,000 were working on river, harbor, and flood-control projects, and more than 36,000 on building construction. The workers were paid over $26,000,000 for their month’s work. The number of man-hours worked during the month totaled over 47,000,000. These workers averaged 56 cents an hour for their month’s pay, the average earnings per hour rang ing from 50 cents in the case of road workers to 83 cents for em ployees working on the construction of naval vessels. Material orders valued at over $38,000,000 were placed during the month ending July 15. Table 2 shows, by type of project, employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked during the month of July on non-Federal con struction projects financed from the Public Works Administration fund. 2.—E M PLO Y M E N T, PAY ROLLS, AND MAN-HOURS W ORKED ON NONFEDERAL PROJECTS FINANCED FROM THE PUBLIC WORKS A D M IN ISTR A TIO N FUND DUR ING JULY 1934, BY TYP E OF PROJECT T able [Subject to revision] Type of project Building construction______________________Streets and roads_________ __________________ Water and sewerage________________________ Railroad construction________________ ______ Miscellaneous__________ ___________________ Total____ _________________________ Number Amount of Number of Average of wage earnings pay rolls man-hours earners worked per hour 28,044 $1,617,853 15,732 760,880 21, 621 1,096,857 35,902 1,528,986 703 38, 717 102,002 5,043, 293 Value of material orders placed 2,011,839 1,200,074 1, 609, 542 3, 311, 292 60,083 $0.804 .634 .681 .462 .644 $3,439,137 1,178,979 2,157,939 1,174,049 218,940 8,192,830 .616 8,169,044 36 Non-Federal projects are financed by allotments made from the Public Works Administration fund to a State or political subdivi sion thereof or, in some cases, to commercial firms. In the case of allotments to States and their political subdivisions, the Public Works Administration makes a direct grant of 30 percent of the total cost of the construction project and the public agency to whom the loan is made finances the other 70 percent. In some cases, this 70 percent is obtained as a loan from the Public Works Administra tion. The loan bears interest and must be repaid within a given period. No grants are made to commercial firms. The commercial allot ment consists entirely of a loan. Practically all commercial allot ments to date have been to railroads. Railroad work falls under the following headings: First, construction, such as electrification, laying of rails and ties, repairs to railroad buildings, etc.; second, the building or repairing of locomotives and passenger and freight cars in railroad shops. Data concerning employment created by railroad construction is shown in table 2. Employment in railroad shops is shown in table 5, page 38. There were more than 100,000 workers employed on non-Federal construction projects during the month ending July 15. Of these, nearly 36,000 were railroad workers and more than 28,000 were working on building construction. The total amount of non-Federal pay rolls was over $5,000,000. The men worked over 8,000,000 man-hours, and the earnings averaged nearly 62 cents per hour. The lowest average earnings, 46 cents per hour, occurred in rail road construction and the highest, 80 cents, in building construction. Material orders totaled over $8,000,000. Employment on Construction Projects, by Geographic Divisions T able 3 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked during July 1934 on Federal construction projects financed from the Public Works Administration fund, by geographic divisions. 37 3 . — E M PL O Y M E N T , PA Y ROLLS, AND MAN-HOURS W ORKED ON FE D E RA L PROJECTS FIN AN CED FROM THE PUBLIC WORKS AD M IN ISTR A TIO N FUND D U R ING JULY 1934, BY GEOGRAPHIC DIVISION T a b le [Subject to revision] Wage earners Geographic division Number Weekly em ployed average of Average Amount of Number earnings pay rolls man-hours per hour worked Value of material orders placed 24,331 51,131 73,477 73,714 65,143 42,020 58, 832 58, 739 33, 540 23,681 49,878 72,114 71, 509 62,126 40, 929 56,428 57, 708 32, 557 $1, 590, 588 2,824, 749 3,838, 726 3,127, 628 3,362,009 1,955,633 2, 359,987 4,358, 687 2,523, 581 2,673,056 5,050,334 6,311,399 5,897,936 6,184, 972 4,238,171 5, 297, 913 6,993,607 3,666,438 Total continental United States L 481,192 8, 422 Outside continental United States----- 467,195 7, 768 25,951,393 404,636 46, 325,884 821,878 .560 2 37, 671,463 .492 409,944 489, 614 474, 963 26,356,029 47,147, 762 .559 New England. ____________________ Middle Atlantic-----------------------------East North Central________________ West North Central__________ ______ South Atlantic__________________ .. East South Central-------------------------West South Central------------------------Mountain__________________________ Pacific.. __________________________ Grand total__________________ $0.595 .559 .608 .530 .544 .461 .445 .623 .688 $578,010 1,294,505 3,971,622 1,585,753 3, 298, 653 845,718 1,139,548 3, 781,809 1,066,873 38,081,407 1 Includes data for 265 wage earners which cannot be charged to any specific geographic division. 2 Includes $20,100,000 estimated value of material orders placed for public-road projects which cannot be charged to any specific geographic division. More than 70,000 construction workers were employed in the East North Central and the West North Central States during July. More than 60,000 were working in the South Atlantic States. There was a considerable difference in the average earnings per hour com paring the different geographic divisions. In the West South Central States the workers averaged 44.5 cents per hour, while in the Pacific States the average hourly earnings were nearly 69 cents. Table 4 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked dur ing July 1934 on non-Federal projects financed from the Public Works Administration fund, by geographic divisions. T 4.—E M PL O Y M E N T , PAY ROLLS, AND MAN-HOURS W ORKED ON N ON FEDERAL PROJECTS FIN AN CED FROM THE PUBLIC WORKS AD M IN ISTR A TIO N FUND DUR ING JULY 1934, BY GEOGRAPHIC DIVISION able [Subject to revision] Wage earners Geographic division Number Weekly em ployed average of Average Amount of Number earnings pay rolls man-hours per hour worked Value of material orders placed 12,430 15, 255 17, 319 15, 598 18, 566 4, 690 2, 745 7,136 7, 683 10,012 13,520 15,180 13,451 16,436 4,010 2, 363 5,857 6,471 $679,476 814, 722 991,409 625, 206 1,061, 702 200, 312 123, 582 236, 246 277, 599 1,128,774 1, 240, 599 1, 405, 405 1,010,820 1, 791,991 373, 722 255, 260 463, 328 462, 794 $0.602 .657 .705 .619 .592 .536 .484 .509 .600 $951,970 1,609, 709 1, 371,133 1,311, 562 1, 274,491 383,104 587,149 316,865 303, 712 Total continental United States L 101, 519 483 Outside continental United States ... 87, 397 418 5,013,901 29, 392 8,137,312 55, 518 .616 .529 8,117, 343 51, 701 102,002 87,815 5,043, 293 8,192,830 .616 8,169,044 New England.. ----------------------------Middle Atlantic______ _ . _ - . . . East North Central__________ . West North Central________________ South Atlantic-------------------------------East South Central___ ________ West South Central__________ ______ Mountain------ ---------- ------- --------Pacific_____________________________ Grand total. - -------------- ------ i Includes data for 97 wage earners which cannot be charged to any specific geographic division. 38 The South Atlantic States gave employment to more non-Federal workers than any other geographic division. Average hourly earn ings ranged from slightly more than 48 cents in the West South Cen tral States to 70.5 cents in the East North Central States. Table 5 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked in railroad shops on work financed from the Public Works Administra tion fund during July 1932, by geographic divisions. T 5.—EM PLO Y M E N T, PAY ROLLS, AND MAN-HOURS W ORKED IN R A ILR O A D SHOPS ON W ORK FINANCED FROM THE PUBLIC W ORKS A D M IN IST R A T IO N F U N D DURING JULY 1934, B Y GEOGRAPHIC DIVISION able [Subject to revision] Number Amount of Number of Average of wage earnings pay rolls man-hours earners worked per hour Geographic division New England________________ ______ _______ Middle Atlantic_________ ___________ ____ East North Central.............. ............................ West North Central..______________________ South Atlantic. _ _ ____________ ______ _____ East South Central________ ____ ____________ West South Central___ _________ __________ Mountain___________ ___________ _____ ____ Pacific_____________________________________ Total..... .............................. ........... .......... Value of material orders placed 967 5, 753 3, 491 1,139 96 2,475 2,307 899 3,406 $94, 483 399, 685 248,881 55,875 6, 230 242, 530 119,669 35,488 199, 097 147,166 619,476 395,593 86,000 12, 221 397,307 201,526 61, 332 321, 688 $0.642 .64 5 .62 9 .6 5 0 .51 0 .6 1 0 .5 9 4 .57 9 .61 9 $105, 664 1,049, 327 346, 745 145,954 48, 981 299,138 147, 268 27, 698 77, 948 20,533 1, 401, 938 2, 242,309 .625 2, 248, 723 Over 5,000 of the railroad-shop workers were employed in the Middle Atlantic States. The East North Central States and the Pacific States each employed over 15 percent. Average earnings per hour amounted to more than 60 cents in 6 of the 9 geographic divisions. In the three remaining divisions, the average earnings ranged between 55 and 60 cents in the West South Central and Mountain States, and between 50 and 55 cents per hour in the South Atlantic States. Table 6 shows expenditures for materials purchased during the month of July, by type of material. T a b l e 6 . — M A TERIALS PURCHASED DURING M ON TH ENDING JULY 15, 1934, FOR PUBLIC WORKS AD M IN ISTR A TIO N PROJECTS, BY T YP E OF M A TE R IA L [Subject to revision] Type of material Aircraft (new)_________________________________ _____ ______________ Airplane parts____________ ______ __________________________________ Ammunition and related products------- --------- ----------------------------------Boat building, steel and wooden (small)-------------------------------------------Bolts, nuts, washers, etc------- --------- ------------------------------------------------Carpets and rugs_____________ ________ _____________________________ Cast-iron pipe and fittings_________ ________________________ ____ ___ Cement______ ______ ________ ______________________________________ Chemicals______________________ _____________ ____________________ Clay products---------------------------------------------------- ---------------- ------ — Coal___________________ _____ _______________ _______ ______________ Compressed and liquefied gases----------- -----------------------------------------Concrete products__________________________________ _______________ Copper products-------- -------------------- --------- -------------- ----- ------ ---------Cordage and twine........... ................... ......... .......................... ...... ......... . Cotton goods------ ------------- ------ -------------------------- ------------------------ Crushed stone______________________________ ____ __________________ Doors, shutters, and window sash and frames, molding and trim (metal) Value of material orders $2, 722,050 44,538 17,807 66, 528 112,617 10,944 081,089 492,182 11,617 742, 762 49 ,865 16,709 622,334 45,492 11,093 17,983 139,756 97,941 39 T 6 —M A TE R IA LS PURCH ASED DU RIN G M ON TH ENDING JULY 15, 1934, FOR PUBLIC W ORKS A D M IN IST R A T IO N PROJECTS, BY T Y P E OF M A TE R IA L —Contd. able Type of material Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies------------------------ ------ -----------------------------Engines, turbines, tractors, waterwheels, and windmills------------- ------ ---------------------------Explosives___ _______________ ____ _____________ _______________ ____________ ____ ___ Felt goods_________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____________ ______ ______________________ Forgings, iron and steel........................- ............................................. ........................ ............... Foundry and machine-shop products, not elsewhere classified___________________________ Fuel oil____________________ ____ ____________________________________ ____ __________ Furniture, including store and office fixtures______________ ____ ____________ ___________ Gasoline_________________ _______ ______________ ____________________________________ Glass__________________ ____ _______ ____ ________ ___________________________________ Hardware, miscellaneous_____________________________________________________________ Instruments, professional and scientific_________ ____ _________________________________ Lighting equipment____________ ____________ ______________________________ _____ ____ Lime____________________ _____ ____ ____ __________________________________ _____ ___ Lubricating oils and greases_____________________________________________ ____ ________ Lumber and timber products..______________________________ _______________ _______ _ Machine tools___ _____ _______________________________________ ____ __________________ Marble, granite, slate, and other products_____ ________ __________________________ _____ Meters (gas, water, etc.) and gas generators______ _________________ ___________________ Minerais and earths, ground or otherwise treated_________ _______ ______________ _______ Motor vehicles, passenger______ _______________________________ ________ ________ ______ Motor vehicles, trucks____ ________ _________ ____________________________________ ____ Nails and spikes...________________ _____ ___________________________________________ Nonferrous-metal alloys, nonferrous-metal products, except aluminum, not elsewhere classi fied_____________ ____________________________________ ____ ________________________ Paints and varnishes________________________ ______ ______________________ _________ Paving materials and mixtures_______ ________________________________________________ Planing-mill products_______________ ______ ___________________________ _____ _________ Plumbing supplies__________________________________________________ ________________ Pumps and pumping equipment____ ___________ _____ ____ _____ ___________ ________ _ Radio apparatus and supplies........ ........................ ........... ...... ............................... ............... Rail fastenings___ ____ ____________ ____ _______________ _____________________________ Rails, steel..____ ______ __________________________ ____ ______________________________ Railway cars, freight_______ ______ ___ ________________________ ______ ________________ Railway cars, passenger____ ______________ ______________ ___________ _______ ______ _ Refrigerators and refrigerator cabinets, including mechanical refrigerators___________ _____ Roofing, built-up and roll; asphalt shingles; roof coatings, other than paint______ _________ Rubber goods____ _____ ______________________________________ ______________________ Sand and gravel__________ ______ ____ _______ __________________ ____ _______ _________ Sheet-metal w ork...___________ _____ ______________________ ____ _______ _______ ______ Springs, steel___________ _____ _____ _______________ ___________ _____ ________________ Steam and hot-water heating apparatus________________________________________ _____ Steam and other packing, pipe and boiler covering, and gaskets_________ _____ ______ ____ Steel-works and rolling-mill products, other than steel rails, including structural and orna mental metal work_____ ________________________ ____ ___________________________ _ Stoves and ranges (other than electric) and warm-air furnaces______ ___________ _________ Tools, other than machine tools___ ______ _____ _____ _________________________________ Wall plaster, wall board, insulating board, and floor composition_____________ __________ Window and door screens and weatherstrip_____ ____ ________________________ ____ ____ Wire, drawn from purchased rods____ _______________ ____ ______________ ____ _________ Wirework, not elsewhere classified_______ _______ _____________________________ ____ ___ Wrought pipe, welded and heavy riveted.._____________________ ______ ________________ Other_______ ____ ______________ ____ _______________________________ _______ _________ Public road projects 1_________________________________________________ ______________ Total________ ______ _______________________________________________ ____ ______ Value of material orders placed $1,684,464 159,687 142, 255 28,013 117,278 2,703,314 210, 663 94,594 307,155 35,977 204, 327 198,006 92, 686 16, 802 104,135 2, 067,291 96,832 622, 248 32, 302 15, 535 11, 685 37,098 18,956 56,974 113, 346 301,495 328, 546 876,911 140,863 55,862 86,719 83,402 235,973 568,000 109, 579 159, 254 27, 515 800,430 285,175 106,389 314,820 118,889 4, 658, 577 13,361 65,688 148,188 19,124 87, 414 41,184 38, 997 3 ,051,889 20,100,000 49,299,174 1 Not available by type of material. During the month of July orders were placed for materials valued at over $49,000,000. It is estimated that the fabrication of this material will create approximately 150,000 man-months of labor. Table 7 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked by months since the inception of the Public Works Administration pro gram in August 1933 to July 1934, inclusive. 40 E M PLO Y M E N T, PAY ROLLS, AND MAN-HOURS W ORKED DU RIN G AUGUST 1933 TO JULY 1934, ON PROJECTS FINANCED FROM THE PUBLIC W ORKS A D M IN ISTRATION FUND, BY M ONTH T a b l e 7 .— [Subject to revision] Amount of pay rolls Number of man-hours worked 4,699 33,836 114,098 254, 784 270,808 $280,040 1,961,496 7, 006, 680 14,458,364 15, 724, 700 539,454 3,9 20,0 09 14,077, 752 28 ,168,280 29,866,297 $0. 519 .50 0 .498 .513 .527 $202,100 1,622,365 i 22,005 ,92 0 24 ,605 ,05 5 24 ,839 ,09 8 273, 583 295, 722 292, 696 369, 234 486,166 582,690 612,149 14, 574,960 15, 245,381 15,636, 545 17, 732, 234 24,637,889 31, 947,223 32,801, 260 27,658, 591 28, 938,177 29,171, 634 31, 247, 248 44,130,618 56,867,194 57,582,901 .527 .527 .53 6 .56 7 .55 8 .562 .57 0 23,522, 929 24, 562,311 69,334, 754 66 ,639 ,86 2 49, 720,378 57,589,895 49, 299,174 .54 5 413,943,841 Number of wage earners Month Value of Average earnings material per hour orders placed 1933 August___________________________ September.-- __ _________________ October___ _ ___ _ _ ___________ November_____ ________ ________ December____ ________________ 1934 January____ _ _ __________ February_________________________ March________ ______ _ . . . . . April__________ _________________ M ay_________ ________ _____ ____ June_______________________ _____ July_____________________________ Total_______________________ 2 192,006, 772 352,168,155 1 Includes orders placed for naval vessels prior to October. 2 Revised. The total earnings over the 12-month period amounted to over $192,000,000. The Public Works Administration program has pro vided over 350,000,000 man-hours of labor. Orders have been placed for material to cost over $413,000,000. It is estimated that the manufacture of this material will require nearly 1,100,000 man-months of labor. Wage Rates, Public Roads Projects T a b l e 8 shows average hourly rates for work on highway projects financed from the Public Works Administration fund during July, by occupations. T a b l e 8 — AVERAGE HOURLY RATES PAID FOR W ORK ON H IGH W A Y PROJECTS F I NANCED FROM PUBLIC WORKS FUNDS, FOR M ON TH OF JULY 1934, BY OCCUPATION AND GEOGRAPHIC DIVISION i [From Bureau of Public Roads] Geographic division New England Occupation Em ploy ment Superintendents------------------Foremen----------------------------Shovel elevating grader and crane operators____________ Other operators_____________ Truck and tractor drivers____ Teamsters_________________ S k ille d la b o r, carpenters, blacksmiths, and steel erec tors______________________ Unskilled labor_____________ Middle Atlantic Aver Em age hour ploy ment ly rate 193 $0.88 850 .60 East North Central Aver Em age hour ploy ment ly rate West North Central Aver Em age hour ploy ment ly rate South Atlantic Aver Em age hour ploy ment ly rate Aver age hour ly rate 368 $0.93 2,112 .61 742 $0.94 2,054 .71 657 $0. 77 2,501 .60 545 1,940 $0. 70 .48 441 562 2,514 23 .92 .56 .48 .43 1,071 1,860 5,309 113 .86 .59 .51 .42 1,510 2,051 8,044 871 .88 .70 .61 .48 1,379 1,973 7,858 3,450 .73 .60 .52 .44 703 1,190 4,168 556 .69 .46 .38 .32 1,286 7,870 .59 .43 3,268 25,416 .67 .41 5,026 27, 319 .70 .50 3,511 22,855 .61 .43 2, 633 22,918 .45 .32 Total------ ------------------- 13, 739 .49 39,517 .48 47, 617 .58 44,184 .49 34,653 .36 i Rates shown are based on 97 percent of total employment for the month. 41 8 —AVERAG E HOURLY RATES PAID FOR W ORK ON H IG H W A Y PROJECTS FI NAN CED FROM PUBLIC W ORKS FUNDS, FOR M ON TH OF JULY 1934, BY OCCUPA TION AND GEOGRAPHIC DIVISION—Continued T a b le Geographic division Occupation East South Central Em ploy ment West South Central Aver Em age hour ploy ment ly rate Superintendents------------------347 $0.68 1,501 Foremen_______ __________ .47 Shovel elevating grader and 524 .72 crane operators____________ 804 Other operators. _ _ ------------.45 Truck and tractor drivers____ 2, 710 .37 1,041 Teamsters__________________ .31 S k ille d la b o r, carpenters, blacksmiths, and steel erec .41 2,045 tors---------- --------- ------------.30 Unskilled labor_____________ 16,340 Total......... . ................. 25,312 .35 United States Mountain Aver Em age hour ploy ment ly rate Pacific Aver Em age hour ploy ment ly rate 578 $0. 72 2,102 .51 452 $1.00 1,835 .76 774 1,394 4,454 3,395 .72 .49 .40 .35 737 1,493 5, 620 2, 676 1.06 .79 .67 .56 553 923 3,125 165 2, 453 19, 063 34, 213 .54 .34 .40 2,529 10,463 25,805 .80 .56 .66 2, 440 6, 214 14, 611 Aver Em age hour ploy ment ly rate 261 $1.15 930 .82 Aver age hour ly rate 4,143 15,825 $0.85 .61 7,692 12, 250 43,802 12, 290 .84 .61 .53 .43 .79 25,191 .58 158,458 .71 279, 651 .63 .42 .50 1.18 .79 .72 . 60 Men employed on the construction of public roads under the juris diction of the Bureau of Public Roads, Department of Agriculture, averaged 50 cents per hour for work performed during July. These wage rates ranged from 35 cents in the East South Central States to 71 cents in the Pacific States. The unskilled labor rate for the country as a whole was 42 cents. The highest rate was paid to the super intendents, who averaged 85 cents. Emergency Work Relief Program OM PARING July with June, there was an increase of over 200,000 workers on the emergency work program of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration. During the week ending July 26, nearly 1,200,000 people were given employment by this program. They drew nearly $12,000,000 for their week’s work. Table 1 shows the number of employees and the amounts of pay rolls for workers on the emergency work relief program for the weeks ending June 28 and July 26. C T able 1 . — N U M BER OF EM PLOYEES AND AMOUNTS OF PAY ROLLS FOR W ORKERS ON E M ER G E N C Y W ORK RELIEF PROGRAM JUNE 28 AND JULY 26, 1934 [Subject to revision] Geographic division Number of employees week ending— June 28 New England---------------------------------------- ----Middle Atlantic____________________ _______ East North Central__________ ______________ West North Central---------------- ------ -------------South Atlantic___________ _____________ ____ East South Central_________________________ West South Central................ .............. ............ Mountain _ ...... Pacific. _______________ _______ ____________ Total........................................................... Percent of change___ ______ _______________ 92, 287 243, 564 162,933 127,171 126,928 62,200 69,375 53; 368 33, 358 971,184 Amount of pay roll week ending— July 26 June 28 July 26 95,836 232, 549 205,812 179, 238 148, 468 99,170 110, 287 62,665 60, 415 1,194,440 +23.0 $1,129,025 3,954, 740 1, 589, 340 976, 466 867,841 351, 061 522,629 586,031 423,429 10,400, 562 $1,173,810 3, 746, 204 2,014, 773 1, 247,098 954,964 538,185 806, 752 688, 640 723,011 11, 893,437 +14.4 42 Table 2 shows the monthly averages of employees working on the emergency work relief program from the inception of the program in March to July 1934, inclusive. T able 2»—N U M BER OF EM PLOYEES AND AMOUNTS OF PAY ROLLS FOR W ORKERS ON E M E R G E N C Y W ORK RELIEF PROGRAM , B Y MONTHS, 1934 Month Number of employees Amount of pay roll 22,934 786,829 866, 779 $842,000 42,558,711 39,067, 337 March.............................. April................................. M ay__________________ Month Number of Amount of employees pay roll 969,466 $42,438,091 June ________ J u ly ........................ ........ i 1,136,964 i 46, 489,318 1 Subject to revision. Emergency Conservation Work OR the month ending July 31, there were nearly 390,000 men working on the Emergency Conservation Work. Most of these were in Civilian Conservation Corps camps throughout the United States. Of this total, 346,637, or more than 89.1 percent, were enrolled men. Table 1 shows employment and pay rolls in the Emergency Con servation Work for the months of June and July 1934, by type of work. F T able 1.—E M PLO Y M E N T AND PAY ROLLS IN THE E M ER G E N C Y CONSERVATION W ORK, JUNE AND JULY 1934 Number of employees Group Enrolled personnel________________________ Reserve officers_____________________________ Educational advisers________________________ Supervisory and technical______ _______ _____ Total- ______________________________ June July Amount of pay rolls June July 246,498 5,640 1,104 i 27,029 346,637 6,034 1,102 2 35,341 $7,698,133 1,411,132 167,760 3,364,376 $10,825,476 1, 509,157 176, 765 3, 521, 336 280, 271 389,114 12, 641,401 16,032,734 124,432 are included in the table for the executive service. 2 26,543 are included in the table for the executive service. There was an increase of over 100,000 employees, comparing July with June, for the Emergency Conservation Work. Pay-roll expendi tures during July were $16,032,734, or over $3,000,000 greater than during June. Information concerning employment and pay rolls in the Emer gency Conservation Work is collected by the Bureau of Labor Sta tistics from the War Department, the Department of Agriculture, Treasury Department, and the Interior Department. The pay of the enlisted personnel is figured as follows: 5 percent are paid $45 per month; 8 percent, $36 per month; and the remaining 87 percent, $30 per month. In addition to their monthly pay these workers receive board, clothing, and medical attention free. Table 2 shows employment and pay rolls in the Emergency Con servation Work from the inception of the program in May 1933 to July 1934, inclusive. 43 T a b le 2 — M ON TH LY TOTALS OF EM PLOYEES AND PAY ROLLS IN THE E M ER GE N C Y CONSERVATION W ORK FROM M A Y 1933 TO JULY 1934 Month Number of Amount of employees pay roll 1933 M ay________ ________ June___ _ _______ ____ July___________________ August._____ __________ September....... ............... October _ ____________ November_____________ December_____ ________ Number of Amount of employees pay roll Month 1934 191,380 283,481 316,109 307,100 242,968 294,861 344, 273 321, 701 $6,388,760 9 ,8 76,7 80 11,482, 262 11, 604,401 9,759, 628 12, 311,033 14, 554, 695 12,951,042 January_______________ February______________ March_______________ _ April_______ _____ ____ _ M ay__________________ June ____ _______ July___________________ i i i i i 331,594 321,829 247,591 314, 664 335,871 280, 271 389,114 i $13,581,506 i 13,081,393 i 10,792,319 i 13, 214, 018 i 14,047,512 12,641,401 16,032,734 1 Revised. More people were in Civilian Conservation Corps camps in July 1934 than in any month since their start. The July figures are more than 40,000 greater than the previous high in November 1933. Employment on Public Roads Other Than P.W.A. Projects EDERAL road building financed from carry-over appropriations has been practically completed. By far the largest part of the Federal road building, and most of the State, is now being carried on wholly or partially from Public Works Administration funds. A great deal of the maintenance work financed wholly by local funds is now being done by the various State governments from Public Works Administration funds. Table 1 shows the number of employees, exclusive of those paid from the Public Works Administration fund, engaged in the building and maintaining of Federal and State public roads during the months of June and July 1934. F T a b l e 1 .— N U M BER OF EM PLOYEES ENGAGED IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND M A IN TENANCE OF PUBLIC ROADS, STATE AND FEDERAL, DURING JUNE AND JULY 1934, B Y GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS i Federal Geographic division Number of em ployees State Amount of pay rolls Number of em ployees Amount of pay rolls June June July June July June July New England-------------------Middle Atlantic___________ East North Central. ______ West North Central_______ South Atlantic---------------- . East South Central_______ West South Central_______ Mountain_________ _______ Pacific_____________ ____ 13 1,098 455 184 155 59 808 1,066 840 33 997 599 115 120 43 1,050 1, 269 612 $738 66,566 39,683 7,142 5,950 2,187 30,319 64,161 60,430 $1,579 62,168 39,061 5,444 5,525 3,141 40,179 81,286 50,455 14,969 62.648 35,717 16, 692 37,305 11,087 13,963 5,811 10,329 18,392 $1,025,807 $1,024,839 56,168 3,079,118 2,984,237 35, 678 1,783,164 1,914,210 892,335 909,195 18,812 38,829 1,487,812 1,525,805 463,894 8,980 686,554 939,616 1,036,181 18,051 8,131 506,360 558,279 839,045 10,865 820,533 T o ta l..................... ... Percent of change _______ Outside continental United States 4,678 4,838 +3.4 277,176 288,838 +4.2 208,521 213,906 11,221,299 11,255,685 0.3 +2.6 155 8,958 1 Excluding employmant furnished by projects financed from public-works fund. July 44 The various State governments employed over 210,000 men on road work during the month of July. Of these workers 79 percent were employed in the maintaining of existing roads, while 21 percent were building new roads. More than 25 percent of the State road employees were working in the Middle Atlantic States, Pennsylvania employing a larger number than any other State. Table 2 shows the number of employees engaged in the construc tion and maintenance of Federal and State roads, by months, January to July 1934. 2.—N U M BE R OF EM PLOYEES EN GAGED IN THE CONSTRUCTIONAND M A IN TEN AN CE OF PUBLIC ROADS, STATE AND FEDERAL, JANUARY TO JULY 1934, INCLUSIVE i T a b le Number of employees working on— Month State roads Federal roads January___________________ ______ __________ February____________________ ________ ______ ____ March______________________________ A p ril----------------------------- ------------- ------------M a y .._______ _______ _____________________ June......... ...................................................... . July__ ____________________________________ New 7,633 2,382 1, 396 1,932 3, 941 4, 678 4,838 Maintenance 25, 345 22, 311 19,985 21, 510 27,161 37, 642 45, 478 136,440 126,904 132,144 136,038 167, 274 170, 879 168, 428 Total 161,785 149, 215 152,129 157,548 194,435 208, 521 213, 906 1 Excluding employment furnished by projects financed from the public-works fund. Employment on Construction Projects Financed by Recon struction Finance Corporation U RING the month ending July 15, there were 17,509 employees working on construction projects financed by the Self-Liquidating Division of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation. Loans made by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation for construction projects totaled over $207,000,000. These loans must be paid in full. Table 1 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on construction projects financed by the Self-Liquidating Division of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, by type of project. D 1.—E M PL O Y M E N T , PAY ROLLS, AND MAN-HOURS W O RKED ON PROJECTS FIN AN C E D B Y THE SELF-LIQUIDATING DIVISION OF THE RECONSTRUCTION FIN AN CE CORPORATION DU RIN G JULY 1934, BY T Y P E OF PROJECT T a b le [Subject to revision] Type of project Number of Amount of Number of man-hours wage pay roll worked earners Average earnings per hour Value of material purchased Building construction______ ____ ________ Bridges_______________________________ Reclamation ___________ _____________ Water and sewerage............ ...... .................. Miscellaneous____ ________ _____________ 3,083 5, 359 1,991 4,945 2,382 $324,127 405, 418 132,439 549,118 213,822 285,932 506, 337 261, 578 810,481 319, 232 $1.134 .801 .506 .678 .670 $348, 535 1,018, 756 49,780 477,075 438,408 Total------------------ --------- --------------- 17, 760 1,624,924 2,183, 560 .744 2, 332, 554 45 Construction of bridges gave employment to over 5,000 of these employees. More than 4,000 were working on water and sewage systems. Pay rolls for all workers totaled over $1,600,000. More than 2,100,000 man-hours of labor were provided by this work, and the pay averaged over 74 cents per hour. The average hourly earn ings ranged from 50 cents in the case of reclamation projects to $1.13 for building-construction workers. Purchase orders were placed for materials to cost over $2,300,000. Table 2 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on projects financed by the Self-Liquidating Division of the Reconstruc tion Finance Corporation, by geographic division. 2 .— E M PLO Y M E N T, PAY ROLLS, AND MAN-HOURS W ORKED ON PROJECTS FIN AN C E D BY THE SELF-LIQUIDATING DIVISION OF THE RECONSTRUCTION FINANCE CORPORATION DURING JULY 1934, BY GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS T a b le [Subject to revision] Number of wage earners Geographic division of Amount of Number man-hours pay roll worked Average earnings per hour Value of materials purchased New England__________________ __ _____ Middle Atlantic____ ___________________ East North Central_____________ _____ West North Central.. ______ ___________ South Atlantic_______________ __________ East South Central_____________ ______ West South Central.. _________ ____ ___ Mountain__________________ __________ Pacific.. _ -. .... _______ ______ . . . 0 4, 549 179 126 1, 028 128 910 2,123 8,717 0 $468, 225 16, 561 6,993 40, 047 5, 732 78, 641 144,640 864,085 0 459, 894 16, 457 12, 470 96, 419 20,103 115,422 274,169 1,188, 626 0 $1. 018 1.006 .561 .415 .285 .681 .528 .727 0 $815, 771 30, 381 7,610 30,058 2, 677 55,419 61,314 1, 329, 324 Total..... .......... . ................... .............. 17, 760 1, 624,924 2,183, 560 0. 744 2, 332, 554 Nearly 50 percent of the workers were employed in the Pacific States. The Middle Atlantic States gave employment to nearly 25 percent of the workers. There were no employees in the New England States. In the Middle Atlantic States the average hourly earnings were $1,018; in the East South Central States only 28.5 cents per hour. Table 3 shows data concerning employment, pay rolls, and manhours worked during the months of April to July, inclusive, on con struction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corpo ration. 3 .—E M PL O Y M E N T , PAY ROLLS, AND MAN-HOURS W ORKED ON PROJECTS FIN AN CED B Y THE SELF-LIQUIDATING DIVISION OF THE RECONSTRUCTION FINANCE CORPORATION, A PRIL TO JULY 1934 T a b le [Subject to revision] Month April . ___ _ __________________ May _______________________ _______ June ___ ________________ J u ly _____ .. ______________________ Number of wage earners 18,638 19, 274 19, 218 17, 760 Amount of pay rolls Number of man-hours worked $1, 518,479 1,636, 503 1, 743,318 1, 624,924 2,302,739 2, 334,060 2,412,342 2,183, 560 Average earnings per hour $0. 659 .701 .723 .744 Value of material orders placed $2,297,479 2,120,498 2,189,538 2, 332, 554 46 There was a decrease of over 1,400 employees, comparing July with June. This decrease occurred mainly in building of bridges. Table 4 shows, by types, the value of materials purchased by con tractors working on construction projects financed by Reconstruction Finance Corporation loans. 4 .—M A TERIALS PURCHASED DU RIN G M ON TH ENDIN G JULY 15, 1934, F O R PROJECTS FINANCED BY THE SELF-LIQUIDATING DIVISION OF THE R E CON STRUCTION FINANCE CORPORATION, B Y T Y P E OF M A T E R IA L T a b le [Subject to revision] Type of material Value of ma terials pur chased Belting, leather____________________________________________________________________ Cast-iron pipe and fittings___________________________________ ______ _______ _________ C em en t-..___________ ________ ____________________________________________________ Clay products________ ______ _____________________ - ______________ _______ _________ Coal....................................................................... ........... ................ ........................................ Compressed and liquefied gases______ __________________________ ____________ ____ Concrete products------ ------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------Copper products-------- ------ ------------------------ ------- --------------------------- ----- ------ -----------Crushed stone-....... - ......... - ______ _________________ ________ _____________ ______ ____ Electrical machinery and supplies________________________________ ___________ ______ Explosives-------- ------ ---------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------Felt goods, wool hair, or jute______________________ _____________ ___________________ Foundry and machine-shop products, not elsewhere classified_______ ______ ___________ Fuel oil................................. ........... - ____ _____________ _________________________ _____ Gasoline................................................................................... ................................................... Glass............................................. ............................................................... ........... .................. Hardware, miscellaneous...... ........................ ........... - ..................................- .......................... Lime....... .......................................................................... ........................ ......... ..................... Lubricating oils and greases........... ........................................................ ........................ ...... Lumber and timber products, not elsewhere classified________________________________ Marble, granite, slate, and other stone products_____________ _____ ________ __________ Nails and spikes.......................................- ---------------------------- --------- ---------------------------Paints and varnishes------------- ------------- ----------------- ------------------------------------------------Plumbing supplies___ __________________ ____ _____ _______________________ _____ ___ Pumps and pumping equipment--------- ------ ---------------------------------- --------- ----- ------ ----Roofing, built-up and roll; asphalt shingles; roof coatings, other than paint--------------------Rubber goods_____ ____ _______________________ ______ _______ _____________________ Sand and gravel------- ------------- --------- --------------------------- -----------------------------------------Sheet-metal work_________ _______ ____ _____ ___ ___________________________________ Steam and hot-water heating apparatus----------------------------------- --------------------------------Steel-works and rolling-mill products, other than steel rails, including structural and orna mental metal work_____________________ _________________________________________ Switches, railway______ ____ ______________________________________________________ Tools, other than machine tools_____________________________________________________ Wire, drawn from purchased rods_______________________ _____ ______________________ Wirework, not elsewhere classified__________________________________________________ Other---------------- ------ --------- ------------ ------------------- ---------------- --------- ------------------------ $1, 516 56, 838 136, 882 67, 407 6, 387 2, 528 193, 381 2, 443 8, 375 210, 941 51,173 1,077 188,038 11,883 32, 836 1, 466 92,917 1,370 2, 337 130, 237 24, 266 1,556 1,878 52, 201 1,593 1, 510 2, 593 51, 521 3, 015 10, 831 Total__________ _____ ____________________________________________ ____ ______ 2, 331, 732 883, 048 2, 237 12,120 29, 099 3,129 51,103 The value of material orders placed totaled over $2,300,000. Of this amount, $800,000 was spent for steel. The value of purchase orders for electrical machinery totaled over $200,000. It is esti mated that the fabrication of these materials for which orders were placed during July will create over 6,000 man-months of labor. Wage-Rate Changes in American Industries Manufacturing Industries HE following table presents information concerning wage-rate adjustments occurring between June 15 and July 15, 1934, as shown by reports received from 23,257 manufacturing establish ments employing 3,604,143 workers in July. T 47 Nine hundred and twenty-four establishments in 49 industries reported wage-rate increases averaging 4.1 percent and affecting 123,605 employees. Fifteen establishments in 9 industries reported decreases which averaged 11.4 percent and affected 69 workers. The outstanding wage-rate adjustment was an increase of 2.5 percent received by 79,168 wage earners in 522 steam-railroad repair shops which report employment data to this Bureau. Three establishments in the rubber-tire and inner-tube industry gave an average increase of 1.5 percent to 12,346 workers, while 33 establishments in the canning and preserving industry reported an average increase of 19 percent to 4,416 employees. An average increase of 10.3 percent was received by 3,917 workers in 77 bakeries, and 1 of 7.9 percent was given to 3,498 employees in 38 establish ments in the confectionery industry. An increase of 2.5 percent was given to 3,110 workers in 6 car-building establishments, 10 paper and pulp establishments gave an average increase of 7.2 percent to 2,973 employees, and 31 electric-railroad repair shops reported an upward adjustment in rates to 2,418 workers. Four industries (newspapers and periodicals, foundries and machine shops, stoves, and machine tools) showed average wage-rate increases ranging from 9.1 percent to 5.7 percent and affecting a total of 5,053 wage earners. The increases reported in the remaining industries affected less than 1,000 each. T a b le 1.—W AGE-RATE CHANGES IN M AN UFACTU RING M ONTH ENDING JULY 15, 1934 Industry Estab Total lish ments number of em report ployees ing All manufacturing industries____ 23,257 3,604,143 Percent of total___________ 100.0 100.0 Iron and steel and their prod ucts, not including machinery: Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills__________ Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets__ ___ _____________ Cast-iron pipe_____________ Outlery (not including silver and plated cutlery) and edge tools______ _______ Forgings, iron and steel _______ Hardware. __ Plumbers’ supplies............. Steam and hot-water heat ing apparatus and steam fittings Stoves _____ _ Structural and ornamental metal work Tin cans and other tinware. _ Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools, files, and saws) Wirework__________________ 1 Less than Mo of 1 percent. INDUSTRIES Number of establish ments reporting— DURING Number of employees having— No No Wage- WageWage- Wagewage- rate in rate de wagerate in rate de rate creases rate creases creases creases changes changes 22,318 96.0 924 4.0 2 0) 15 3,479,847 123,605 3.4 96.6 260, 505 221 260,768 219 57 36 9,367 7,154 57 36 263 169 90 120 91 12, 686 8,285 30,733 10, 055 168 87 120 91 86 218 19, 577 26,148 86 195 23 19, 577 25,080 1,068 280 63 20,581 12,062 276 63 4 20,489 12,062 92 135 114 9,918 9, 594 135 113 1 9,918 9, 343 251 9,367 7,154 1 3 12,682 8,278 30,733 10,055 4 7 691 0) 48 T a b le 1.—W AGE-RATE CHANGES IN M AN UFACTU RING INDUSTRIES M ONTH ENDING JULY 15, 1934-Continued Industry Machinery, not including trans portation equipment: Agricultural implements___ Cash registers, adding ma chines, and calculating machines________________ Electrical machinery, appa ratus, and supplies_______ Engines, turbines, tractors, and water wheels________ Foundry and machine-shop products..------- ------------Machine tools----------- -------Radios and phonographs----Textile machinery and parts _ Typewriters and parts--------Transportation equipment: Aircraft---------- ------ -----------Automobiles....... ......... .......... Cars, electric- and steam-rail way------------------ ------------Locomotives_______________ Shipbuilding.------ --------------Railroad repair shops: Electric railroad----------------Steam railroad----------- -------Nonferrous metals and their products: Aluminum manufactures----Brass, bronze, and copper products_________________ C locks and watches and timerecording devices_________ Jewelry------ ----------------------Lighting equipment------------Silverware and plated ware. _ Smelting and refining—cop per, lead, and zinc__....... . Stamped and enameled wire. Lumber and allied products: Furniture---------------- ------ Lumber: Mill work______________ Sawmills---------- -------Turpentine and rosin_______ Stone, clay, and glass products: Brick, tile, and terra cotta— Cement............................— Glass.------------------------------Marble, granite, slate, and other products...... ........— Pottery....... ............... ........... Textiles and their products: Fabrics: Carpets and rugs............. Cotton goods................... ; Cotton small wares......... Dyeing and finishing tex tiles_________________ Hats, fur-felt.................... Knit goods....................... Silk and rayon goods____ Woolen and worsted goods-----------------------Wearing apparel: Clothing, men’s............... Clothing, women’s.......... Corsets and allied gar ments.......... .......... ..... Men’s furnishings.......... Millinery......................... Shirts and collars........... Leather and its manufactures: Boots and shoes.................... Leather___________________ Estab Total lish ments number of em report ployees ing Number of establish ments reporting— DU RIN G Number of employees having— No No WageWage- Wagewage- rate rate in rate de in rate de wagerate rate creases creases creases creases changes changes 10,143 26 15,995 26 15,995 429 126, 298 424 126, 062 109 26, 765 106 26, 227 1,614 186 54 91 13 152,642 20, 638 36, 761 12, 708 11,584 1,591 181 54 91 12 151, 504 19, 573 36,761 12, 708 11,184 31 318 6, 729 321,567 30 316 6, 649 321, 524 58 12 117 18, 568 4,544 32,520 52 15,468 4, 544 32, 278 3,100 380 531 20,197 79,474 17, 779 306 2,418 79,168 12 113 31 522 1,138 1, 065 43 242 26 3, 725 23 292 42, 286 153 76 67 31 183 74 67 10,329 8, 564 4,099 8,050 41 209 41 209 12,967 24,082 54,717 197 29 694 33 28,531 77,916 2,498 594 129 174 593 127 174 19, 396 19,026 46,809 55 132 252 136 249 136 5, 625 17, 679 19 28 708 114 16,763 298,418 10,101 40, 285 6,750 111, 474 45, 580 175 36 501 295 40,125 6,224 111, 452 45,476 160 526 86, 752 390 86,333 358 558 740 75,552 32,886 558 737 75, 552 32,741 145 36 95 151 168 5,286 6,027 23,212 94 151 168 5,286 8,186 6,027 23, 212 353 179 113,665 34,479 613 690 694 33 708 114 176 40 502 297 54,914 16, 763 298,418 8,200 353 ............ .......... 179 .......................... 10,101 113,665 34,479 22 104 61 49 T a b le 1.—W AGE-RATE CHANGES IN M AN UFACTU RING INDUSTRIES M ON TH ENDING JULY 15, 1934—Continued EstabTotal lishments number of em report ployees ing Industry Food and kindred products: Baking _ _______________ Beverages____________ _____ Butter_______________ _____ Canning and preserving____ Confectionery________ ___ _ Flour_____________________ Ice cream _ ______________ Slaughtering and meat pack ing________________ _____ Sugar, beet.____ _________ _ Sugar refining, cane___ _____ Tobacco manufactures: Chewing and smoking tobac co and snuff_____ ________ Cigars and cigarettes_______ Paper and printing: Boxes, paper_______________ Paper and pulp____ ________ Printing and publishing: Book and job _________ Newspapers and periodi cals_________ ____ ___ Chemicals and allied products, and petroleum refining: Other than petroleum refin ing: Chemicals_____________ Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal____ ____________ Druggists’ preparations, _ Explosives___________ _ Fertilizers _______ Paints and varnishes____ Rayon and allied prod ucts. __ __________ Soap __ Petroleum refining Rubber products: Rubber boots and shoes_____ Rubber goods, other than boots, shoes, tires, and inner tubes Rubber tires and inner tubes. Number of establish ments reporting— DURING Number of employees having— No No W age- WageWage- Wagewage- rate in rate de wagerate in rate de rate creases rate creases creases creases change? changes 77 9 4 1 33 38 6 3 1 1,127 496 294 791 314 429 375 77, 374 34,472 5,479 74, 726 29,863 16, 712 14, 899 1,046 486 294 758 275 423 372 291 58 13 111, 008 5,073 7,787 288 58 13 40 242 9,993 49, 655 40 232 9 436 415 29, 707 105,890 432 405 1,479 61,965 565 56,122 127 102 73 31 163 373 3 73,098 34, 216 5, 479 70, 310 26, 355 16, 632 14,882 3,917 213 359 43 4,416 3,498 80 17 10 110, 564 5,073 7, 787 444 9, 993 48, 644 931 4 10 29, 577 102, 917 130 2,973 1,458 21 61, 570 395 538 27 54, 340 1, 782 32,011 125 2 31, 733 278 2,974 8,686 4,440 4, 671 15, 510 102 73 31 163 370 1 2,974 8,686 4,440 4, 671 15,461 31 29 116 187 42, 689 14, 268 57,963 29 114 185 42, 689 14,193 57,860 75 103 6 8, 203 6 137 39 27,119 58, 452 134 36 2 2 1 2 80 18 8, 203 3 3 27,107 46,106 12 12,346 Nonmanufacturing Industries D a t a concerning wage-rate changes occurring between June 15 and July 15, 1934, reported by cooperating establishments in 17 nonmanu facturing industries, are presented in table 2. Anthracite mining, telephone and telegraph, and insurance were the only industries in which no wage-rate changes were reported. Increases were reported by 20 establishments in the electric-railroad and motor-bus operation and maintenance industry, which averaged 4.3 percent and affected 17,133 workers. An average increase of 6.2 percent to 9,520 employees was reported by 1,233 retail trade establishments. Fifteen establishments in the electric light and power and manufactured gas industry gave an average increase of 7.9 per cent to 1,649 employees, while an average increase of 7.9 percent affect 50 ing 1,289 workers was reported by 17 establishments in the metallifer ous mining industry. Sixty-three banks reported an advance in rates of 6.1 percent to 802 employees, and 74 wholesale trade estab lishments gave an average increase of 9 percent to 763 workers. The increases in the remaining industries affected 174 or less employees each. A decrease of 15.8 percent affecting 254 employees was reported in the brokerage industry. The decreases in the remaining industries were negligible. T a b le 2.—W AGE-RATE CHANGES IN N ON M AN UFACTURING INDUSTRIES DU R IN G M ON TH ENDING JULY 15, 1934 Industrial group Number of establish Number of employees haying— ments reporting— Estab Total lish num ments ber of No No report em Wage- Wage- wageWage- Wageing ployees wagein rate de rate in- rate de rate rate creases creases creases rate 160 Anthracite mining.;_____ __________ 100.0 Percent of total_______________ 1,442 Bituminous-coal mining___________ Percent of total_______________ 100.0 Metalliferous mining. ______ _______ 269 100.0 Percent of total_______________ Quarrying and nonmetallic mining.. 1,087 Percent of total............................ 100.0 Crude-petroleum producing_______ 242 100.0 Percent of total_______________ 8,200 Telephone and telegraph................. Percent of total_______________ 100.0 Electric light and power and manufac 3,058 tured gas____________________ Percent of total_____ __________ 100.0 Electric-railroad and motor-bus oper 561 ation and maintenance__________ 100.0 Percent of total.............. ............. 13, 669 Wholesale trade__________________ 100.0 Percent of total____ ___________ 36,722 Retail trade______________________ 100.0 Percent of total_______________ Hotels______________ ______ ______ 2, 686 100.0 Percent of total........... ................ Laundries............. ................ .......... . 1,265 100.0 Percent of total_______________ Dyeing and cleaning____ __________ 614 Percent of to ta l.._____ ________ 100.0 Banks----------------------------------------3,023 100.0 Percent of total_______________ 372 Brokerage________________________ 100.0 Percent of total_______ ________ 999 Insurance________________________ 100.0 Percent of total_______________ 565 Real estate_______________________ Percent of total_____ __________ 100.0 74,497 100.0 232,757 100.0 25,781 100.0 34,830 100.0 33,694 100.0 263,265 100.0 212, 676 100.0 138, 274 100.0 247, 671 100.0 556,473 100.0 146,181 100.0 72,102 100.0 16, 658 100.0 97, 641 100.0 12,382 100.0 66,597 100.0 8,236 100.0 1 Less than Ho of 1 percent. O 160 100.0 1,439 99.8 252 93.7 1,078 99.2 241 99.6 2 0.1 17 6.3 9 0.8 8,200 100.0 74,497 100.0 1 232, 668 100.0 0.1 24,492 95.0 34, 786 99.9 1 33,691 0.4 100.0 263,265 100.0 3,043 99.5 15 0.5 211,027 99.2 541 96.4 13, 590 99.4 35,472 96.6 2, 681 99.8 1,260 99.6 611 99.5 2,960 97.9 363 97.6 999 20 121,141 87.6 5 246,890 QQ 7 0) 17 546,885 98.3 0) 4 146,124 0.1 100.0 71,928 99.8 2 16,603 0.3 99.7 96,839 99.2 9 12,128 2.4 97.9 66, 597 3.6 74 0.5 1, 233 3.4 1 0) 5 0.4 1 0.2 63 2.1 100.0 559 5 0.9 1 0.2 100.0 8,203 50 0) l, r 5.0 44 0.1 0) 0) 0.8 17,133 12.4 763 0.3 9,520 1.7 6 0) 174 0.2 45 0.3 802 0.8 28 0.3 0) I 0) 51 0) ‘ (0 254 2.1 5 0.1
@FedFRASER