Full text of Employment and Payrolls : January 1938
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Serial No. R. 715
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Frances Perkins, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Isador Lubin, Commissioner
•++###+##++++#+#+*+###+##++###++++#+##++#++*
EMPLOYMENT
AND PAY ROLLS
Prepared by
DIVISION OF EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS
Lewis E. Talbert, Chief
and
DIVISION OF CONSTRUCTION AND
PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT
Herman B. Byer, Chief
JANUARY 1938
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON
1938
CONTENTS
Page
Summary of employment reports for January 1938:
Industrial and business employment
Public employment
Detailed reports for January 1938:
Industrial and business employment
Public employment
1
5
8
28
Tables
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
1.-—All manufacturing industries combined and nonmanufacturing
industries-—employment, pay rolls, and weekly earnings,
January 1938
2.-—Federal employment and pay rolls-—summary, January 1938_
3.-—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries^—employment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings, January 1938
4.-—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—employment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings, November 1937
through January 1938
5.-—All manufacturing industries combined and the durable- and
nondurable-goods groups-—indexes of employment and pay
rolls, January 1937 to January 1938
6.-—Selected nonmanufacturing industries-—indexes of employment and pa}^ rolls, January 1937 to January 1938
,
7.-—Specified nonmanufacturing industries-—indexes of employment and pay rolls, January 1929 to January 1938, adjusted to 1935 census
8.-—Geographic divisions and States-—comparison of employment
and pay rolls in identical establishments in December 1937
and January 1938
9.-—Principal metropolitan areas-—comparison of employment and
pay rolls in identical establishments in December 1937 and
January 1938
10.—Executive service of the Federal Government-—employment
and pay rolls in December 1937 and January 1938
11.-—Executive service of the Federal Government-—monthly
record of employment from January 1937 to January 1938,
inclusive
12.-—Construction projects financed by Public Works Administration funds—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked,
January 1938, by type of project
13.—Construction projects financed by Public Works Administration funds-—summary of employment, pay rolls, and manhours worked, from July 1933 to January 1938, inclusive..
(in)
5
7
9
14
20
20
23
26
28
29
30
30
32
IV
Page
TABLE 14.-—Projects financed by The Works Program-—employment, pay
rolls, and man-hours worked, January 1938, by type of
project
TABLE 15.-—National Youth Administration work projects and Student
Aid financed by The Works Program—employment, pay
rolls, and man-hours worked, January 1938
TABLE 16.—Projects financed by The Works Program-—employment, pay
rolls, and man-hours worked from the beginning of the
program in July 1935 to January 1938, inclusive
TABLE 17.—National Youth Administration wrork projects and Student
Aid financed by The Works Program-—employment, pay
rolls, and man-hours worked from the beginning of the
programs to January 1938, inclusive
TABLE 18.-—Civilian Conservation Corps—employment and pay rolls,
December 1937 and January 1938
TABLE 19.-—Civilian Conservation Corps—employment and pay rolls, from
January 1937 to January 1938, inclusive
TABLE 20.-—Construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance
Corporation'—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours
worked, January 1938, by type of project
TABLE 21.—Construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance
Corporation-—summary of employment, pay rolls, and manhours worked, from April 1934 to January 1938, inclusive-.
TABLE 22.-—Construction projects financed from regular Federal appropriations^—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked,
January 1938, by type of project
TABLE 23.-—Construction projects financed from regular Federal appropriations-—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours wTorked,
from August 1934 to January 1938, inclusive
TABLE 24.—Construction and maintenance of State roads—employment
and pay-roll disbursements, from January 1937 to January
1938, inclusive
TABLE 25.—Value of material orders placed on construction projects
financed by Federal funds, for the year 1937, by type
of material
TABLE 26.—Value of material orders placed on Federal professional, technical, and clerical projects financed by The Works Program,
for the year 1937
33
34
34
36
37
38
38
39
40
41
42
43
45
Employment and Pay Rolls
SUMMARY OF REPORTS FOR JANUARY 1938
NET decreases in employment and pay rolls were shown between
December and January in all manufacturing industries combined and
in the 16 nonmanufacturing industries surveyed monthly by the
United States Bureau of Labor Statistics. The estimated decline in
number of workers in these industries was 1,280,000, and in weekly
wage disbursements, $35,100,000.
Approximately 1,300,000 fewer workers were employed in these
industries in January 1938 than in the corresponding month of 1937
and the weekly wage bill was nearly $35,400,000 lower.
There was a decrease between December and January of 46,786 in
the number of workers on class I railroads (exclusive of executives,
officials, and staff assistants), according to a preliminary tabulation
by the Interstate Commerce Commission. This tabulation showed
947,374 workers employed in January.
Employment in the judicial and military services of the Federal
Government was greater in January than in the preceding month,
while decreases occurred in the executive and legislative services. The
growing unemployment in industry necessitated increases in the number of workers engaged on projects operated by W. P. A. Increases
in employment also occurred on work projects of the National Youth
Administration and Student Aid. Decreases occurred in the number
of wage earners employed on Federal projects under The Works
Program, P. W. A. construction projects, projects financed by the
Reconstruction Finance Corporation, projects financed from regular
Federal appropriations, and State road projects. There was a decrease
in the number of workers in the Civilian Conservation Corps.
Industrial and Business Employment
Almost all major lines of industry reporting to the Bureau showed
some reduction in the number of their employees and the amount of
their weekly pay rolls from December to January. In most cases the
reductions were greater than seasonal.
Manufacturing industries as a whole showed an estimated decline
over the month interval of 535,000 wage ea^Ars (7.2 percent) with a
2
shrinkage of $18,900,000 (11.5 percent) in weekly wage disbursements.
Although there are normally fairly marked declines in factory employment and pay rolls in January, the current declines are much more
pronounced than usual for the season and have been exceeded in
January in only 1 year (1921) during the past 18 years for which data
are available.
Compared with January 1937, factory employment showed a decrease of 14.8 percent (1,195,000 workers) and weekly factory pay
rolls, a decrease of 21.1 percent (38,900,000).
Of the 89 manufacturing industries for which index numbers are
computed, 84 had fewer empWees in January than a month earlier
and 83 had lower pay rolls. The reductions were much more pronounced in the durable-goods group of industries than in the nondurable-goods group. For the former group, the employment decline
was 10.9 percent and the pay-roll decrease, 17.1 percent. The nondurable-goods group showed reductions of 3.6 percent in employment
and 5.0 percent in pay rolls.
Among the durable-goods industries which reported the largest employment declines over the month interval were automobiles (23.2
percent or 105,100 workers), blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling
mills (9.2 percent or 37,000 workers), foundries and machine shops
(7.9 percent or 31,000 workers), steam railroad repair shops (10.7 percent or 24,700 workers), electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies
(8.4 percent or 19,600 workers), sawmills (7.2 percent or 14,800 workers), and furniture (8.1 percent or 10,400 workers). Among the nondurable-goods industries having large reductions in force were cotton
goods (2.7 percent or 10,600 workers), knit goods (4.4 percent or 8,300
workers), silk and rayon goods (8.6 percent or 6,700 workers), and
newspapers (3.3 percent or 4,100 workers).
The five manufacturing industries which showed employment gains
over the month were millinery (13.6 percent), boots and shoes (6.5
percent), slaughtering and meat packing (2.1 percent), fertilizers
(1.2 percent), and chewing and smoking tobacco (0.6 percent). All
of these increases were seasonal in character except the one for
slaughtering and meat packing.
All but 1 of the 16 nonmanufacturing industries surveyed showed
decreases in employment and pay rolls between December and
January. The exception was insurance, which showed gains of 1.0
percent in employment and 0.8 percent in pay rolls.
The most pronounced employment decline in the nonmanufacturing
group was in retail trade, where a recession of 16.3 percent (642,000
employees) was due largely to the release of temporary workers who
had been employed for the holiday trade. Weekly pay rolls in this
industry fell 13.1 percent or nearly $9,700,000. While employment
declines occurred in all of the 39 lines of retail trade surveyed, with
the exception of farmers' supply stores and firms dealing in wood, coal,
and ice, the most pronounced loss (37.3 percent) was the post-holiday
reduction in force in the general merchandising group, which consists
of department, variety, and general merchandising stores and mailorder houses. Other groups of retail trade establishments showing
marked recessions following the Christmas expansion were jewelry
(20.5 percent), apparel (19.4 percent), and furniture (12.2 percent).
Seasonal recessions, slightly more pronounced than usual, occurred
in lumber and building materials (6.2 percent) and hardware (6.8
percent). Automotive establishments showed an employment loss of
4.3 percent, drug stores 2.4 percent, and food stores 2.5 percent.
Employment in wholesale trade establishments decreased 2.5 percent. A loss in employment in wholesale trade between December
and January has occurred in each of the preceding 9 years for which
the Bureau has been collecting these data, but the decrease in the
present year is slightly more than any previously reported for the
same interval. The losses were general among the various lines of
wholesale trade surveyed. The most pronounced percentage declines
in employment occurred in general merchandise (10.9 percent) and
jewelry and optical goods (18.9 percent). In most other lines of trade
the declines were not large. For the groups of wholesale dealers
employing large numbers of workers, employment recessions over the
month interval were as follows: Food products (2.4 percent), groceries
and food specialties (0.9 percent), dry goods and apparel (3.7 percent),
machinery, equipment and supplies (1.4 percent), automotive (1.5
percent), lumber and building materials (5.1 percent), electrical goods
(2.8 percent), chemicals and drugs (1.3 percent), metals and minerals
(1.2 percent), hardware (1.9 percent), paper and paper products
(2.0 percent), and furniture and housefurnishings (4.1 percent).
Employment declines were also reported by manufacturers' sales
branches (2.6 percent), assemblers and country buyers (4.3 percent),
and agents and brokers (1.1 percent).
Private building construction firms reported seasonal declines of 14.2
percent in employment and 15.2 percent in pay rolls, which were
somewhat larger than the January recessions of the preceding 5 years.
Employment in the quarrying and nonmetallic mining industry fell
11.7 percent (largely seasonal) and in metalliferous mining, 4.4 percent. Wage-rate decreases in the latter industry accounted in part
for its 9.5-percent pay-roll decline. The employment decreases in the
remaining nonmanufacturing industries ranged from 0.3 percent to
3.0 percent and were largely due to seasonal influences.
The 16 nonmanufacturing industries combined had approximately
749,000 fewer employees on their pay rolls in January than in December and paid out approximately $16,200,000 less in weekly wages.
According to a preliminary tabulation by the Interstate Commerce
Commission there were 947,374 employees on class I railroads, exclusive of executives, officials, and staff assistants. This was 4.7 percent
or 46,786 workers lower than the December figure. January pay-roll
totals were not available when this report was prepared. For December, however, the wage disbursements were $151,025,582, a decrease of
2.5 percent or $3,831,183 from November.
Hours and earnings.—According to reports covering both full- and
part-time employees, factory wage earners worked an average of 33.2
hours per week in January, which was 3.7 percent lower than the
December figure. Average hourly earnings for these workers were
66.3 cents, a decrease of 0.5 percent compared with December, and
average weekly earnings fell 4.6 percent to $21.88.
Of the 14 nonmanufacturing industries for which man-hour data
are available, only 2 showed gains in average hours worked per week.
These were telephone and telegraph (1.1 percent), and year-round
hotels (0.2 percent). Increases in average hourly earnings were
reported for 8 of the 14 industries and only 1 industry, retail trade,
showed higher average weekly earnings (3.9 percent).
Previous to January 1938, the wording of the definition on the
schedules for public utilities, wholesale and retail trade, hotels, and
brokerage and insurance firms called for the inclusion of higher-salaried employees such as corporation officers, executives, and others
whose duties are mainly supervisory. These employees have, for the
most part, always been excluded from employment reports for other
industries, and beginning with this month it was requested that they
be omitted also for the industries named above. For this reason,
the average hours worked per week, average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings which have been previously published for these
industries are not comparable with the January figures. Comparable
December data, however, were secured and used in computing the
percentage changes and indexes presented in table 1, following.
This table presents employment and pay-roll indexes and average
weekly earnings in January 1938 for all manufacturing industries
combined, for selected nonmanufacturing industries, and for class I
railroads, with percentage changes over the month and year intervals
except in the few industries for which data are not available.
5
TABLE 1.—Employment,
Pay Rolls, and Earnings in All Manufacturing
Industries
Combined and in Nonmanufacturing Industries, January 1938
Employment
Pay roll
Percentage
change from—
Industry
Index,
January
1938
December
1937
January
1937
Percentage
change from—
Index,
January
1938
December
1937
January
1937
-21.1
Average in
January
1938
Percentage
change from—
December
1937
January
1937
{1923-25
• 100)
All manufacturing
industries
combined 1
= 100)
82.2
-7.2
-14.8
71.6 -11.5
Class I steam railroads 2
53.7
1929=
100)
59.6 -3.0
96.8 -2.6
67.3 -4.4
-10.8
()
(1929=
100)
46.5 - 9 . 3
70.2 -26.1
59.0 - 9 . 5
38.8 - 1 1 . 7
75.6 — 1.2
-15.2
Coal mining: 4
Anthracite 4
Bituminous
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic
mining
Crude-petroleum producing
Public utilities:
Telephone and telegraph
Electric light and power and
manufactured gas
Electric-railroad and motorbus operation and maintenance
Trade:
Wholesale
Retail.
General merchandising
Other than general merchandising.. 46
Hotels (year-round)
Laundries 4
__
_.
Dyeing and cleaning *_
Brokerage
*.
Insurance
Building construction.
Average weekly
earnings
-8.7
-7.3
+.8
+3.9
28.2
68.0
-15.6
-2.5
-4.6
-7.3
-24.9
25.27 - 6 . 5
19.26 -24.1
27.80 - 5 . 3
-19.0
-18.7
18.66
33.70
—4.4
-1.3
-4.1
+7.0
21.88
+.3
+1.0
+U.1
+.2
+7.4
77.8
-.3
+4.5
93.8
-.9
94.0
-2.2
+2.0
98.9
-3,4
+7.1 8 33.47 - 1 . 3
+5.0
Q
70.9
-1.4
+4.7
+.2
+4.3
+3.8
+3.1
+.9
s 32.11
90.9 - 2 . 5
84.1 -16.3
91.5 - 3 7 . 3
5 28.95
5 21.43 +3.9
5 18. 37 +9.4
+3.6
+4.8
+4.8
+4.8
+5.4
+4.1
+3.0
-2.2
+1.4
+5.1
72.2
82.1
94.3
96.7
96.7
-1.5
-3.7
-7.2
-.6
-.3
-2.5
-1.9
-1.6
-2.1
-10.6
-14.2
-16. 5
+1.0
-1.0
+1.5
+2.4
75.3 - 3 . 1
70.1 -13.1
84.6 -31.4
67.1
81.5
80.1
65.3
-6.5
-1.3
-1.2
-4.8
-3.4
+.8
-15.2
+12.2
5
+9.9
31.02
+3.7 8 23.92 +.8
+7.0 « 14.90
+2.4 17.04 - ! 9
+.9 18.66 - 2 . 4
-12.6 s 36. 23 - 1 . 5
+3.8 5 37. 38
o
-12.3
28.36
-L2
1
Indexes adjusted to 1933 Census of Manufactures.
2
Preliminary. Source: Interstate Commerce Commission.
34 Not available.
Indexes adjusted to 1935 census and not comparable with previously published indexes. Comparable
series
presented in table 7.
6
Average weekly earnings not strictly comparable with previously published figures as they now exclude
corporation officers, executives, and other employees whose duties are mainly supervisory. Comparable
figures
for December 1937 appear in table 4.
6
Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
Public Employment
In the period from mid-December to mid-January, approximately
97,000 wage earners were working on P. W. A. construction projects,
a decrease of 8,000 as compared with the preceding month. Of the
total number of employees 29,000 were working on Federal and nonFederal N. I. R. A. projects and 68,000 on projects financed from
E. R. A. A. 1935,1936, and 1937 funds. Pay-roll disbursements, on all
P. W. A. projects amounted to $7,837,000.
There were 154,000 workers employed on construction projects
financed from regular Federal appropriations. Compared with the
period ending in mid-December this represents a decrease of 27,000.
51637-—38
2
6
The decrease was caused largely by seasonal curtailment in road
building. Employment decreases occurred on nonresidential building
construction projects, Rural Electrification Administration projects,
public roads, reclamation, river, harbor, and flood control, streets and
roads, water and sewerage, and miscellaneous projects. Small increases in employment were reported for all other types of projects.
Pay-roll disbursements for January totaled $15,706,000, a decline of
$1,457,000 compared with the preceding month.
For the period from mid-December to mid-January about 3,700
workers were at work on construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation. Decreases in employment occurred
on building construction and water and sewerage projects, while an
increase was registered in the number working on miscellaneous projects. Pay-roll disbursements amounted to $549,000.
Nearly 227,000 more workers were engaged at the site of projects
under The Works Program in January than in December. The necessity for this increase was the growing unemployment in industry.
Employment on projects of The Works Program during January
totaled 2,507,000. Of this number 158,000 were working on Federal
projects, 1,898,000 on projects operated by the Works Progress Administration, and 451,000 on work projects of the National Youth
Administration and on Student Aid. Total pay rolls for The Works
Program were $105,477,000, an increase of $6,497,000 over December.
Increases in employment in the regular services of the Federal Government were reported in the judicial and military services, while
employment in the executive and legislative services decreased. Of the
811,000 employees in the executive service in January, 113,000 were
working in the District of Columbia and 698,000 outside the District. Employees paid from regular appropriations and emergency
funds, excluding force-account employees,1 were 92.1 percent of the
total number of employees in the executive service. Day labor hired
by the Federal Government for construction work was 7.9 percent.
The most marked increase in employment occurred in the Social
Security Board. Among the departments reporting decreases were
the Post Office Department, the War Department, and the Department of Agriculture.
The number of workers employed in the Civilian Conservation
Corps was 335,000, which was approximately 3,000 fewer than in
December. Decreases in employment were registered for all classes of
workers with the exception of nurses. Virtually no change occurred
in the number of nurses employed. Of the total number employed in
camps during January 290,000 were enrolled workers, 5,000 reserve
officers, 300 nurses, 1,600 educational advisers, and 38,000 supervisory
» Day labor hired by the Federal Government for construction work.
and technical employees. The monthly pay roll for all classes of
workers was $15,444,000.
Approximately 142,000 workers were engaged on State road construction projects during the month ending January 15, a falling-off
of 28,000 compared with the mid-December period. Of the total
number employed, 15,000, or 10.8 percent, were working on new
roads and 127,000, or 89.2 percent, on maintenance and repairs to
existing roads. January pay-roll disbursements for both types of
work totaled $9,577,000.
A summary of Federal employment and pay-roll statistics for December 1937 and January 1938 is given in table 2.
TABLE 2.—Summary of Federal Employment and Pay Rolls, January 1938 *
[Preliminary figures]
Employment
Class
January
1938
Federal services:
Executive 2
Judicial
Legislative
Military
Construction projects:
Financed by P. W. A.*
Financed by R. F. C.5
Financed by regular Federal appropriations
Federal projects under The Works
Program
Projects operated by W. P. A
National Youth Administration:
Work projects
-.
Student Aid
Civilian Conservation Corps
Percentage
December change
1937
811,481
2,034
5,183
328, 643
3 890, 603
2,008
5,188
326, 667
96, 725
3,739
104, 718
3,977
-8.9
+1.3
-.1
+.6
-7.6
-6.0
153,864
157,827
186,133
144, 797
306, 341
335, 244
137,929
288,131
338, 217
-15.2
+13.8
+5.0
+6.3
Pay rolls
January
1938
December
1937
$122,861,647 3 $137,345,103
518,126
514,920
1, 201,451
1,209,723
25,183,692
25,856, 294
Percentage
change
-10.5
+.6
-2.2
7,836, 628
549,058
8,989, 667
554,040
15, 705,838
17,162, 379
-8.5
7,973,494
92,960, 662
10,173,186
84, 570,148
-21.6
2, 549,914
1,992,810
15,444, 234
2,397,423
1,839, 242
3 15,824, 325
-12.8
+9.9
+6.4
+8.3
-2.4
1
2
Includes data on projects financed wholly or partially from Federal funds.
Includes force-account and supervisory and technical employees shown under other classifications to the
extent of 104,180 employees and pay-roll disbursements of $12,690,435 for January 1938 and 109,949 employees
and
pay-roll disbursements of $13,409,327 for December.
3
Revised.
4
Data covering P. W. A. projects financed from E. R. A. A. 1935,1936, and 1937 funds are included.
These data are not shown under The Works Program. Includes 67,967 wage earners and $5,176,438 pay roll
for January 1938; 70,228 wage earners and $5,685,040 pay roll for December 1937 covering P. W. A. projects
financed
from E. R. A. A. 1935, 1936, and 1937 funds.
5
Includes 113 employees and pay-roll disbursements of $9,991 for January 1938 and 116 employees and
pay-roll disbursements of $9,760 for December 1937 on projects financed by the RFC Mortgage Co.
The value of material orders placed on construction projects
financed wholly or partially from Federal funds during 1937 amounted
to $864,990,000. Material orders for P. W. A. projects accounted
for approximately 32 percent of this total, regular Federal appropriations for 29 percent, projects operated by W. P. A. for 28 percent,
Federal construction projects under The Works Program for 9 percent,
and projects of the Keconstruction Finance Corporation for 2 percent.
8
DETAILED REPORTS FOR JANUARY 1938
Industrial and Business Employment
MONTHLY reports on employment and pay rolls are available for the
following groups: 89 manufacturing industries; 16 nonmanufacturing
industries, including private building construction; and class I steam
railroads. The reports for the first two of these groups—manufacturing and nonmanufacturing—are based on sample surveys by the
Bureau of Labor Statistics, and in virtually all industries the samples
are large enough to be entirely representative. The figures on class I
steam railroads are compiled by the Interstate Commerce Commission
and are presented in the foregoing summary.
EMPLOYMENT, PAY ROLLS, HOURS, AND EARNINGS
The indexes of employment and pay rolls, average hours worked per
week, average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings in manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries in January 1938 are shown
in table 3. Percentage changes from December and January 1937 are
also given.
Indexes of employment and pay rolls as well as average hours
worked per week, average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings for November 1937, December 1937, and January 1938, are
presented in table 4 where available. The November and December
figures may differ in some instances from those previously published
because of revisions necessitated by the inclusion of late reports and
other causes, which are explained in the foregoing summary, in footnotes at the end of tables 3 and 4, and in the text relating to table 7.
Average weekly earnings shown in tables 3 and 4 are computed by
dividing the total weekly pay rolls in the reporting establishments by
the total number of full- and part-time employees reported. As all
reporting establishments do not supply man-hour data, average hours
worked per week and average hourly earnings are necessarily based on
data supplied by a smaller number of reporting firms. The size and
composition of the reporting sample varies slightly from month to
month and therefore the average hours per week, average hourly
earnings, and average weekly earnings shown in the two following
tables are not strictly comparable from month to month. The sample,
however, is believed to be sufficiently adequate in virtually all instances to indicate the general movements of earnings and hours over
the period shown.
TABLE 3.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, January 1938
MANUFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 3-year average 1923-25=100 and are adjusted to 1933 Census of Manufactures.
Employment
Not comparable to indexes published in pamphlets prior to October 1936]
Average weekly earnings i
Pay rolls
Average hours worked
per week i
Average hourly earnings i
Percentage
Percentage
Percentage
Percentage
Percentage
change from—•
change from—•
change from—
change from—•
Index, change from— Index,
Janu
JanuJanuJanuJanuary 1938
ary 1938
ary 1938
ary 1938 Decemary 1938
Decem- JanuDecem- JanuDecem- JanuDecem- JanuJanuber 1937 ary 1937
ber
1937
ber 1937 ary 1937
ber 1937 ary 1937
ber 1937 ary 1937
ary 1937
Industry
Cents
All manufacturing industries
_
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
-4.6
-7.3
33.2
-3.7
-16.5
23.26
20.47
32.3
34.0
-6.3
-1.1
-20.7
-12.1
72.7
-1.4
-11.3
-2.7
-40.7
-46.8
-49. 8
-29.0
20.43
20.17
17.62
17.26
-10.1
-13.6
-11.6
-27.0
-34.3
-30.9
-12.9
27.7
24.9
25.3
29.3
-7.8
-8.8
-14.9
-13.4
-33.9
-41.6
-40.1
-24.6
75.5
81.8
69.7
58.2
+1.3
-21.5
-44.1
-31.0
-18.4
20.24
21.22
17.94
21.45
-9.0
-13.9
-17.2
-12.1
—26.0
-21.8
-6.3
33.6
28.6
27.4
32.3
-10.3
-15.5
-15.1
+4.1
-21.3
-32.3
-34.3
-17.9
62.5
74.7
65.1
66.5
43.4
43.9
58.5
88.1
— 11.5
-21.6
-14.2
-6.7
-37.1
-42.8
—7.6
-6.7
22.21
20.21
25.74
22.93
-3.3
-5.1
-6.5
-18.1
-13.3
31.1
31.8
35.8
36.7
-5.4
-4.2
-6.7
-2.2
-27.3
-20.1
-9.3
-7.4
70.9
65.0
72.1
63.2
75.9
108.4
-8.0
-20.3
-26.2
-32.7
21.60
20.36
— 1.1
-4.9
34.7
30.7
-1.1
-2.6
-22.3
-25.3
62.0
66.4
12.2
-7.2
-14.8
71.6
-11.5
-21.1
75.1
-10.9
-3.6
-16.9
-12.7
63.8
81.5
-17.1
-5.0
-26.3
-15.1
81.2
90.5
63.2
55.3
-9.2
-14.0
-8.1
-18.8
-18.9
-27.2
-18.5
59.2
61.7
49.1
36.0
-17.7
-18.4
-25.7
-18.8
77.7
52.3
70.8
78.9
-7.3
-13.7
-15.7
-1.1
-10.8
-24.4
-11.8
-13.0
63.0
36.3
56.3
56.0
-15.6
-25.8
-30.2
56.6
63.8
63.8
85.7
-8.5
-17.4
-8.2
i
-23.2
-34.1
-10.0
-10.5
81.5
135.1
-7.0
-16.2
-16.4
-24.5
-0.5
-.7
+.5
+11.3
+ 12.9
+9.9
Durable goods
Iron and steel and their products, not including
machinery
Blast furnaces, steel works, a n d rolling m i l l s . .
Bolts, n u t s , washers, and rivets
Cast-iron pipe
Cutlery (not including silver a n d plated cutlery) and edge tools
Forgings, iron a n d steel
Hardware
Plumbers' supplies
Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and
steam fittings
Stoves
Structural and ornamental metal work
T i n cans a n d other tinware
Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools,
files, a n d s a w s ) —
Wirework
See footnotes at end of table.
+2.4
+2.6
+4.2
-11.8
-10.8
-1.2
+1.3
+1.0
+1.4
+1.9
-2.8
-1.6
+1.9
-.8
+.2
+1.7
+.1
-2.4
+13.2
+12.9
+15.2
+15.2
+12.9
+9.8
+18.8
+14.6
+11.6
+9.2
+13.5
+13.9
+13.3
+19.0
TABLE 3.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, January 1938—Continued
MANUFACTURING—Continued
Industry
Index,
Janu-
Average weekly earnings
Payrolls
Employment
Percentage
change from—
1 flQQ Decemarj lyob
Januber 1937 ary 1937
Index,
Janu-
Percentage
change from—
iry 1938
Janu-
ary 1938
Decem- Janu-
nrTT
Percentage
change from—
Average hours worked
per week
January 1938
Decem- Janu-
ber 1937 ary 1937
ber 1937 ary 1937
Percentage
change from—
Decem- Januber 1937 ary 193'<
Durable goods— Continued
Machinery, not including transportation equipment.
Agricultural implements
Cash registers, adding machines, and calculating machines
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies
Engines, turbines, tractors, and water wheels..
Foundry and machine-shop products. __
Machine tools
_.
Radios and phonographs
Textile machinery and parts
Typewriters and parts
_
_.
Transportation equipment._
Aircraft
Automobiles
Cars, electric- and steam-railroad
Locomotives
. _
Shipbuilding
Railroad repair shops
Electric railroad
Steam railroad
Nonferrous metals and their products
Aluminum manufactures
Brass, bronze, and copper products
Clocks and watches and time-recording devices
Jewelry..
Lighting equipment
Silverware and plated ware
Smelting and refining—copper, lead, and zinc.
Stamped and enameled ware
104.0
138.4
-8.0
126.8
95.9
130.4
90.3
139.2
97.1
68.6
117.7
84.3
771.5
86.8
44.5
52.2
99.2
47.6
63.1
46.4
88.4
103.9
89.1
-1.7
-8.4
-7.7
-7.9
-6.0
-21.6
-6.8
-7.4
-20.1
-1.2
-23.2
-20.3
-12.3
-5.4
-9.7
-10.7
-10.6
-9.0
-8.2
-24.0
-17.3
-12.6
-24.8
99.8
82.2
69.2
69.3
81.1
105.2
-13.4
-8.6
-20.5
-9.0
-4.9
-14.2
-15.7
-2.6
-5.6
1
-.8
-.6
-9.5
+24.4
+2.8
-7.8
+4.1
-10.9
+3.2
-48.1
-13.8
-19.5
-25.2
+6.4
-30.7
-20.1
+16.2
+4.9
-22.2
-.5
+'•8
-32.1
95.5
172.1
-13.7
128.5
88.1
128.2
79.1
131.5
76.2
53.4
76.8
68.6
674.9
63.8
48.9
37.7
114.2
47.3
68.4
45.9
73.3
96.9
71.4
-6.8
-14.4
-10.8
-14.9
-11.7
-22.8
-15.7
-28.0
-25.8
-3.7
-29.7
-24.7
-29.8
-9.7
-15.1
-2.4
-16.0
-15.3
-12.4
-11.0
88.8
60.5
52.7
54.0
74.0
88.6
-15.6
-14.3
-26.9
-20. 2
-7.7
-22.7
-.8
-14.0
+30.7
+6.4
-9.1
+6.5
-19.8
-3.9
-47.8
-35.7
-41.5
-31.9
+11.3
-41.0
-16.8
+21.1
+17.9
-22.7
+6.0
-24.8
-24.5
-15.5
-36.8
-18.5
-3.0
-24.1
-6.2
+8.1
-40.3
$25. 52
27.73
-6.1
30.71
25.17
30.15
24.46
29.01
20.81
21.27
17.41
26.23
27.79
25.15
26.41
28.11
31.21
23.87
30.61
28.52
22.49
23.11
22.73
-5.2
-6.6
-3.4
-7.6
-6.1
-1.5
-9.6
-22.3
-7.1
-2.5
-8.5
-5.5
-20.0
-4.5
-6.0
-1.8
-6.0
-5.3
-3.8
-3.2
20.42
22.52
19.54
21.11
26.92
20.64
-2.6
-6.3
-8.0
-12.3
-2.9
-9.9
0
-5.0
+5.0
+3.4
-1.3
+2.3
-10.0
-6.9
+.6
-25.5
-27.3
-8.9
+4.7
-14.8
+4.1
+4.2
+12.3
-.6
+6.6
-1.1
-8.7
-3.3
-16.0
-3.4
-.3
-19.5
-6.2
+7.1
-12.2
Average hourly earnings
January 1938
Cents
73.2
74.8
-7.0
-17.9
-8.8
37.8
33.5
36.3
34.1
39.7
32.7
32.8
27.1
29.7
39.4
27.4
35.4
36.4
36.1
39.4
43.5
39.0
33.1
33.5
30.8
-4.2
-7.6
-4.0
-8.0
-5.6
-2.5
-8.1
-22.9
-7.1
-2.2
-8.9
-4.1
-16.3
-4.4
-4.9
-1.6
-5.4
-5.5
-4.4
-8.5
-16.7
-9.5
-21.7
-13.2
-8.3
-28.4
-35.3
-21.5
-7.7
-27.5
-7.7
-8.9
-3.9
-6.3
-19.5
-16.9
-28.9
81.6
74.9
83.2
71.4
73.2
63.8
65.0
64.1
88.7
71.3
91.9
74.6
77.2
84.8
72.8
69.4
73.1
67.6
69.1
73.8
33.6
36.3
28.8
33.2
39.1
31.8
-4.1
-5.8
-8.4
-11.8
-2.8
-8.8
-16.6
-6.2
-29.7
-8.8
-4.4
-22.1
60.7
61.9
67.9
63.6
68.9
64.6
+1.4
-5.6
2
+( )
Decem- Janu-
ber 1937 ary 1937
34.4
37,1
-.2
Percentage
change from—
-0.4
+.3
-1.3
+.8
+.5
+.2
+'9
-1.7
+.6
-.2
+.7
+.5
-1.4
-4.5
-.3
ri
+ (2)
+.*2
+.7
+.9
+1.6
-.9
—A
> 7
-'.1
-1.3
+14.9
+15.9
+12.9
+17.3
+12.5
+14.3
+7.2
+10.9
+4.2
+11.9
+15.4
+15.3
+17.4
+12.8
+14.3
+7.9
+5.4
+7.0
+5.4
+13.7
+16.5
+18.1
+15.8
+5.2
+14.2
+3.0
+12.1
+12.7
Lumber and allied products
Furniture
Lumber:
Millwork
Sawmills.
Stone, clay, and glass products
Brick, tile, and terra cotta
Cement
Glass
Marble, granite, slate, and other products
Pottery
-17.4
-20.3
42.5
49.4
-12.2
-17.7
-22.6
-30.9
17.66
17.16
-5.0
-10.4
-8.4
-13.2
34.8
31.8
-4.6
-11.7
-15.3
-24.0
51.6
53.8
+.2
+.9
- 7 . 5 -18.1
- 7 . 2 -15.1
-12.8 .-11.8
-14.2 -22.7
-17.1 -12.1
-12.4
-5.6
-16.1 -12.0
-5.9
-6.9
36.5
31.5
43.4
24.3
44.4
76.2
23.7
51.3
-14.8
-7.0
-20.4
-21.0
-23.5
-20.5
-23.2
-14.2
-22. 5
-15^3
-17.6
-33.1
-11.0
-9.9
-16.8
-18.9
18.85
17.70
19.97
16.53
22.45
20.89
22.26
19.43
-7.8
-5.4
34.0
36.5
31.1
31.2
32.8
29.8
32.9
32.1
-8.1
-20.7
-8.3
-18.6
-22.4
-10.5
-18.4
-9.6
-21.5
55.3
49.3
65.1
54.1
68.4
70.4
67.9
64.0
-.1
-.2
-.2
84.6
80.6
66.9
86.6
78.8
103.6
82.7
98.8
57.8
59.1
-4.1
-4.0
-14.6
-2.7
-7.1
-1.6
-21.0
-21.2
-31.9
-15.7
-26.1
-15.3
-6.4
-17.9
-30.3
-36.0
65.3
64.8
45.6
70.3
67.9
83.9
65.2
89.7
40.4
48.9
-4.9
-6.0
-16.1
-5.1
-9.3
-3.0
83.2
128.3
84.4
97.6
50.1
89.3
-1.0
-2.1
-3.6
-17.8
-24.3
-17.2
-5.2
-24.9
-9.4
-25.0
-12.0
-9.8
-21.0
-2.4
58.2
82.8
74.7
66.5
34.4
70.9
65.6
63.1
76.9
106.4
125.0
199.8
65.7
79.4
73.8
73.3
57.8
108.3
40.8
58.9
44.6
66.6
4.1.9
+5.0
-31.0
-32.5
-52.4
-29.8
-34.9
-25.2
-24. 5
-25.4
-41. 0
-41.2
-27.7
-33.7
-23.1
-12.4
—28. 8
-16.8
-28.9
-24.0
-23.3
-24.9
15.31
15. 02
16.24
12. 73
15.96
19. 59
21.40
15.64
13.55
18.97
16.13
16. 44
17.87
14. 99
12.05
20.02
11.87
17.96
16.94
22.43
25.22
25.18
31.33
22.54
16. 12
17.58
25.86
29.24
29.30
28.37
23.72
15.85
17.31
15.48
-18.6
-20.5
-40.5
-22.7
-16.5
-16.0
-18.9
-16.4
-21.8
-17.4
-14.3
-22.3
-8.8
-11.7
-22.5
51.1
48.9
65.9
42.0
48.7
56.9
72.0
51.9
45.5
59.4
55.8
62.1
56.8
46.9
37.8
-10.1
-17. 5
-18.5
-12.4
-3.1
-1.3
-1.7
41. 7
53.6
51.4
63.8
61.8
61.2
83.8
+1.4
+1.1
-.4
-10.8
-8.4
-4.4
48.3
48.0
58.6
62.6
68.8
76.0
59.6
47.6
50.3
47.2
+4.1
-.9
+.1
+.2
+36.9
+7.1
+4.5
(2)
+4.9
53.7
68.5
44.1
39.7
55.1
35.3
50.2
87.6
31.9
69.7
-7.6
-8.1
+.2
-.3
-8.6
-8.0
-7.7
-9.2
-8.4
-8.7
-6.5
-13.4
-.9
-12.6
-14.3
-30.2
-16.8
-11.9
-11.8
-19.3
-9.1
-15.5
-8.1
-8.8
-12.6
-7.2
-7.4
-5.0
-8.3
-5.0
-13.6
-15.0
-5.0
+1.1
-4.5
-5.4
-12.8
+.7
-8.1
-7.7
-8.8
-8.0
-7.2
-8.2
+.7
+1.2
-1.0
-1.5
+.4
+12.0
+13.4
+18.7
+9.6
+15.0
+14.1
+12.3
+16.9
+4.3
+15.1
Nondurable goods
Textiles and their products
Fabrics
Carpets and rugs
Cotton goods
Cotton small wares
Dyeing and finishing textiles
Hats, fur-felt
Knit goods
Silk and rayon goods
Woolen and worsted goods
Wearing apparel
_
Clothing, men's
Clothing, women's
Corsets and allied garments
Men's furnishings
Millinery
Shirts and collars
Leather and its manufactures
Boots and shoes
.Leather
Food and kindred products
Baking
— Beverages
Butter..
Canning and preserving
Confectionery
Flour
Ice cream
Slaughtering and meat packing
Sugar, beet
Sugar refining, cane
Tobacco manufactures
Chewing and smoking tobacco and s n u n
.
Cigars and cigarettes
.
See footnotes at end of table.
85.8
89.3
76.6
102.7
129.6
186.2
80.5
81.9
76.4
73.7
61.3
92.8
33.9
65.6
51.9
57.2
51.1
-.9
-4.4
-8.6
-3.1
+13.6
-15.9
+4.9
+6.5
-2.6
-4.3
-1.5
-.6
-1.3
-8.1
-12.4
-1.8
-3.8
+2.1
-76.8
-12.5
-14.6
+.6
-16.6
-.7
+2.2
+.1
-9.4
-4.4
-1.1
+.4
-3.7
-10.9
+6.4
-9.1
+.1
-10.4
+.5
-5.7
-16.0
-1.4
-2.3
-3.7
-6.3
-26.0
+25.7
-18.8
+12.3
+18.7
-2.0
-3.6
-1.8
-1.1
-.1
-8.4
-14.9
-1.0
-4.4
+3.5
-70.0
-18.6
-19.9
-2.0
-22.7
+5.9
+5.5
+6.4
+5.3
-8.1
-3.1
+2.7
+3.6
+13. 1
-2.7
+15. 8
-5.3
+4.4
-7.1
-2.0
-1.8
-2.5
-2.4
-1.4
+1.4
-1.4
-8.1
+1.7
+1.9
+6.1
-1.7
-2.8
-9.9
+10.7
-3.3
+7.1
+11.4
+.5
+.7
+8.5
+6.3
—. 5 +4.2
+L3
+5.1
-.3
+ 1.4
-2.9
+1.3
+.9
+3.9
-.6
+3.3
+1.3 +17.4
+29.2 +9.1
-6.9
+8.9
-6.2
+4.1
-2.5
+4.2
-7.4
+3.9
-.4
30.2
30.7
24.6
30.2
33.1
34.2
31.2
30.8
29.5
32.0
28.9
26.7
29.9
32.3
29.2
30.3
33.4
32.9
35.4
40.4
41.5
37.7
34.3
36.8
43.4
45.4
42.7
38.8
38.1
33.3
34.7
33.1
-.6
-1.9
-3.7
-2.1
-.8
+.4
+1.1
-2.3
-7.5
+1.0
+2.4
+5.9
+1.2
-.3
-8.1
+.1
+7.2
+9.2
+.5
-.8
-1. 5
-.2
+2.2
-7.1
+1. 3
-1.9
+1.2
-4.2
-14.3
-10.5
-2.6
-11.5
-.8
+1.6
-.6
-7.3
-4.7
-5.7
-4.7
+.1
-.1
+2.3
-.4
-2.5
-1.9
+2.1
+1.2
-1.2
+.4
+.4
(2)
-1.2
-.6
+2.3
-.5
-.1
+.3
-.1
-2.5
+7.8
+7.9
+16.0
+8.2
+6.1
+5.5
+2.6
+9.0
+8.2
+11.0
+7.8
+13.8
+4.3
+7.8
+15.7
+8.1
+4.5
+3.8
+8.7
+10.8
+8.0
+5.8
+14.3
+11.5
+7.3
+3.3
+15.7
+12.4
+15. 2
+9.8
+11.0
—. 7
TABLE 3.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, January 1938—Continued
MANUFACTURING—Continued
Employment
Industry
Index,
January 1938
Average weekly earn-
Pay rolls
ings
Average hours worked
per week
Percentage
Percentage
Percentage
Percentage
Index, change from—
change from—
change from—
change from—
JanuJanuJanuJanuary 1938
ary 1938
ary 19S8
ary 1938
Decem- JanuDecem- JanuDecem- JanuDecem- JanuDecem- Januber 1937 ary 1937
ber 1937 ary 1937
ber 1937 ary 1937
ber 1937 ary 1937
ber 1937 ary 1937
Percentage
change from—
Nondurable goods—-Continued
Paper and printing
Boxes, paper
Paper and pulp
Printing and publishing:
Book and job
Newspapers and periodicals
Chemicals and allied products, and petroleum refining
Other than petroleum refining
Chemicals
Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal
Druggists' preparations
Explosives
Fertilizers
Paints and varnishes
Rayon and allied products
Soap
Petroleum refining
Eubber products
Rubber boots and shoes.-Rubber goods, other than boots, shoes, tires,
and inner tubes
1
Rubber tires and inner tubes
Average hourly earnings
101.0
89.3
108.2
-3.0
-7.8
-1.2
-3.2
-10.8
-4.9
95.6
83.1
98.0
-5.2
-10.4
95.8
103.1
-2.2
-3.3
-.3
-.3
112.5
111.0
118. 3
104.4
105.9
90.2
82.6
116.3
315.2
94.0
118.8
78.3
59.2
-3.3
-3.8
-3.5
-5.0
-4.2
-4.8
-6.4
-7.8
-9.5
108.6
71.3
-.9
-3.1
-15.2
-10.9
$26.96
19.25
22.41
-2.2
-2.9
91.0
100.8
-5.1
-7.1
-.5
+3.7
29.95
36.75
-2.9
-3.9
-1.1
-9.0
-13.0
-5.6
-6.7
-4.3
-7.6
-4.5
-17.9
-4.7
-8.4
-12.1
-1.8
-2.6
-14.5
-18.9
-33.7
-33.6
27.19
24.22
29.25
13.18
24.37
26.11
16.17
25.16
21.58
28.65
34.31
22.41
18.76
-2.4
-3.0
-4.1
-5.2
-9.2
-14.2
-6.3
— 5
-22.' 7
-23.5
117.4
112.2
124.8
96.8
118.4
82.3
78.5
106.4
275.5
109.2
134.3
65.9
44.3
-13.8
-5.9
-4.6
-6.1
-1.2
-1.5
-6.1
-6.8
-10.2
-6.8
-21.7
-23.1
94.9
61.1
-14.5
-13.8
-30.4
-35.5
19.99
25.09
-4.8
-7.5
+1.2
-4.0
-6.4
-.6
+14.6
-.6
-1.7
-6.0
-5.3
+27.0
+4.7
-15.8
+.9
-11.6
-18.5
+2.0
+12.4
+.3
-.8
-2.7
-.4
+.01
-4.9
36.8
35.2
35.9
-2.0
-5.4
+1.6
-8.6
-14.7
-15.4
Cents
76.2
55.1
62.4
-.2
38.4
36.7
-3.5
-2.5
-4.3
-1.3
79.3
96.9
-3.5
-3.7
-1.8
-3.6
-2.0
-13.2
-1.9
-4.8
-6.9
-6.6
-8.4
-8.3
-14.2
-13.3
36.6
37.1
36.8
53.2
39.0
33.0
37.6
35.9
32.9
38.4
35.2
29.0
30.7
-2.6
-6.3
-7.9
-20.0
-20.0
75.2
66.8
79.7
25.0
60.0
79,0
43.0
70.1
65.7
74.8
98.1
79.2
61.1
+1.2
-11.1
-16.1
32.9
26.0
-4.2
-7.0
-17.8
-21.9
60.7
96.7
-1.1
-.4
-6.3
+3.9
+5.1
+ 1.9
+4.6
+ 11.0
+5.2
-12.2
+6.4
-2.6
-5.0
+10.9
+13.0
-.9
+.3
-1.9
-18.5
-4.5
-11.6
-15.5
-3.5
-.1
-0.1
+2.7
-1.4
+.9
-1.0
+1.0
+.7
+1.1
+ 1.2
+3.9
-.7
-4.0
+.2
+.9
-.4
+.8
+.1
+8.0
+ 11.3
+10.8
+4.5
+6.3
+12.7
+11.3
+14.3
+10.3
+6.9
+7.7
+12.5
+10.2
+12.8
+12.9
+13.4
+8.5
+9.4
+9.3
+8.1
NONM AN UFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 12-month average 1929=100]
s Coal mining: 3
>
Anthracite 3
Bituminous
Metalliferous mining
3 Quarrying and nonmetallic mining
Crude-petroleum producing
Public utilities:
Telephone and telegraph 4
5
Electric
light and power and manufactured
gas 4
Electric-railroad4 and motorbus operation and
maintenance
Trade:
4
Wholesale
Retail 4
General merchandising 4
Other than general
merchandising 4
3 45
Hotels (year-round)
3
Laundries
Dyeing and
cleaning 3
Brokerage 4
Insurance 4
Building construction
59.6
96.8
67.3
38.8
75.6
-8.7
-7.3
+.8
-15.2
+3.9
+4.5
46.5
70.2
59.0
28.2
68.0
91.7
87.1
67.5
55.8
85.3
77.8
Q
93.8
-.9
31.02
-.6
39.9
+1.1
+.3
82.2
-2.2
+2.0
98.9
-3.4
+7.1
33.47
-1.3
+5.0
39.3
-2.9
-2.0
85.5
+1.6
72.2
-.8
-.3
70.9
-1.4
+4.3
32.11
-.6
+4.7
45.0
-1.8
-2.3
70.0
+.8
+7.0
90.9
84.1
91.5
82.1
94.3
96.7
96.7
6
-2.5
-16.3
-37.3
-7.2
+.2
-1.5
-3.7
-1.0
+1.5
-1.6
-2.1
-10.6
+2.4
-16.5
75.3
70.1
84.6
67.1
81.5
80.1
65.3
6
-3.1
-13.1
-31.4
-6.5
-1.3
-1.2
-4.8
-3.4
+.8
-15.2
+3.8
+3.1
+.9
+3.7
+7.0
+2.4
+.9
-12.6
+3.8
-12.3
28.95
21.43
18.37
23.92
14.90
17.04
18.66
36.23
37.38
28.36
-.6
+3.6
+4.8
+4.8
+4.8
+5.4
+4.1
+3.0
-2.2
+ 1.4
+5.1
42.1
43.1
39.9
44.0
46.6
41.8
39.0
6
-1.3
68.3
54.5
48.9
56.1
31.1
41.0
49.2
+.3
+3.9
+7.5
+1.2
- 36 . 7
-1.1
-1.4
-1.1
-1.5
-2.8
-2.7
- 48 . 3
+4.6
+7.4
+6.1
+7.6
+6.8
+7.1
+8.3
()
30.5
-2.5
-5.5
92.5
-2.5
-1.9
+1.0
-14.2
()
(6)
(6)
+3.9
+9.4
+.8
-.7
-.9
-2.4
-1.5
-.2
-1.2
()
(6)
-.1
-2.4
-.2
+.2
-.7
()
(6)
-.3
()
(6)
(6)
(6)
-0.3
+.6
-1.5
+12.9
+10.9
+4.4
+10.1
+6.9
94.0
1
Average weekly earnings are computed from figures furnished by all reporting establishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data supplied
by a smaller number of establishments as all reporting firms do not furnish man-hours.
Percentage changes over year are computed from indexes. Percentage changes over
month in average weekly earnings for the manufacturing groups, for all manufacturing
industries combined, and for retail trade are also computed from indexes.
2 Less than Mo of 1 percent.
3
Indexes adjusted to 1935 census and not comparable with previously published indexes.
-2.0
-30.5
-3.9
-13.4
+.5
-1.5
-.6
-.3
-6.5
-24.1
-5.3
-4.4
-1.3
-6.1
-25.5
-4.0
-4.4
-1.8
+9.9
-19.0
+.2
-4.1
+7.0
+7.4
-9.3
-26.1
-9.5
-15.6
-2.5
$25. 27
19.26
27.80
18.66
33.70
27.2
21.6
41.4
33.4
39.7
+0.3
-24.9
+1.0
-18.7
+11.1
+12.2
()
(6)
(6)
-3.0
-2.6
-4.4
-11.7
-1.2
-.3
-.8
0
+1.0
(6)
CO
+1.4
+7.3
+7.7
+11.6
Comparable
series are presented in table 7.
4
Average weekly earnings, hourly earnings, and hours not strictly comparable with
previously published figures as they now exclude corporation officers, executives, and
other employees whose duties are mainly supervisory. Comparable figures for December
1937 appear in table 4.
s Cash payments only; the additional value of board,room, and tips cannot be computed.
e Not available.
CO
TABLE 4.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, January 19BS, December 19B7% and
November 1937
MANUFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 3-year average 1923-25=100 and are adjusted to 1933 Census of Manufactures. Not' comparable to indexes published in pamphlets prior to October 1936.
Comparable series available on request]
Employment index
Industry
January
1938
All manufacturing industries
Durable goods.. ._
Nondurable goods
.
-
-
Average weekly
earnings l
Pay-roll index
Decem- Novem- Janu- Decem- Novem- Januber
ber
ber
ary
ber
ary
1937
1937
1937
1938
1937
1938
Average hours worked
per week *
Decem- Novem- Januber
ber
ary
1937
1937
1938
Average hourly
earnings *
Decem- Novem- Januber
ber
ary
1937
1937
1938
Decem- November
ber
1937
1937
82.2
88.6
94.7
71.6
80.9
89.5
$21.88
$22.93
$23.92
33.2
34.4
35.4
Cents
66.3
Cents
66.6
Cents
66.7
75.1
89.9
84.3
93.3
92.4
97.3
63.8
81.5
77.0
85.8
89.9
89.0
23.26
20.47
24.95
20.68
26.80
20.54
32.3
34.0
34.4
34.3
36.4
34.4
72.7
60.2
72.9
60.0
73.3
59.6
81.2
90.5
63.2
55.3
90.0
99.6
73.5
60.2
98.1
108.6
80.5
57.9
59.2
61.7
49.1
36.0
71.9
75.5
66,1
44.3
85.7
92.9
78.7
42.6
20.43
20.17
17.62
17.26
22.49
22.47
20.39
19.65
24.64
25.33
22. 34
19.68
27.7
24.9
25". 3
29.3
30.1
27.3
29.7
33.7
32.6
30.7
32.3
33.5
75.5
81.8
69.7
58.2
76.1
82.8
68.9
58.1
76.3
82.8
69.2
58.5
77.7
52.3
70.8
78.9
83.9
60.6
84.0
79 8
88.3
64.7
91.5
89.6
63.0
36.3
56.3
56.0
74.6
49.0
80.6
55.3
80.5
55.8
99.9
63.5
20.24
21.22
17.94
21.45
22.32
24.60
21.63
21.96
22.94
26.22
24.55
22.45
33.6
28.6
27.4
32.3
37.5
33.7
32.2
32.3
38.9
35.6
35.4
33.6
62.5
74.7
65.1
66.5
61.2
73.3
67.2
67.9
60.2
74.1
69.4
66.8
56 6
63.8
63.8
85.7
61 8
77 2
69.5
91.3
66.3
91.1
75.0
96.8
43 4
43.9
58.5
88.1
49.1
56.0
68.2
94.4
53.1
65.0
74.5
99.8
22.21
20.21
25.74
22.93
22.90
21.26
27.59
23.10
23.18
21.02
27.99
23.07
31.1
31.8
35.8
36.7
32.8
33.3
38.4
37.6
33.1
32.3
39.3
37.5
70 9
65.0
72.1
63.2
69.6
65.4
72.0
62.2
69.8
65.5
71.4
61.9
81.5
135.1
87.6
161.2
91.7
179.5
75.9
108.4
82.4
136.1
90.3
162.3
21.60
20.36
21.96
21.47
22.95
23.00
34.7
30.7
35.2
31.5
36.7
33.5
62.0
66.4
62.2
68.2
62.2
68.7
104.0
138.4
118.1
139.6
121.4
143.0
95.5
172.1
110.6
173.5
121.2
184.5
25.52
27.73
27.25
27.67
27.79
28.74
34.4
37.1
36.9
37.3
37.9
38.9
73.2
74.8
73.1
74.4
72.6
74.1
126.8
95.9
130.4
129.0
104.7
141.2
133.6
113.1
147.8
128.5
88.1
128.2
137.9
102.9
143.6
141.2
114.3
155.0
30.71
25.17
30.15
33.05
27.01
31.32
32.61
27.74
32.38
37.8
33.5
36.3
39.6
36.1
37.9
39.7
37.2
39.3
81.6
74.9
83.2
84.1
74.8
82.9
82.7
74.6
82.8
Durable goods
[ron and steel and their products, not including
machinery
_ _
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills..
Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets
Cast-iron pipe
_ _
._ ._
Cutlery (not including silver and plated cutlery) and edge tools
Forgings, iron and steel
_TTarrl warn
Plumbers' supplies
Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and
steam fittings
Stoves
Structural and ornamental metalwork
Tin cans and other tinware.
Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools,
files, and saws)
Wirework
Machinery, not including transportation equipment. _
Agricultural implements
Cash registers, adding machines, and calculating machines
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and suppliesEngines, turbines, tractors, and water wheels-
Foundry and machine-shop products
Machine tools
Radios and phonographs
Textile machinery and parts
Typewriters and parts.Transportation equipment
Aircraft
Automobiles
Cars, electric- and steam-railroad
_
Locomotives
Shipbuilding
Railroad repair shops
Electric railroad
Steam railroad
Nonferrous metals and their products
Aluminum manufactures
Brass, bronze, and copper products. _
Clocks and watches and time-recording devices
_
Jewelry-_
Lighting equipment
Silverware and plated ware
Smelting and refining—copper, lead, and zinc.
Stamped and enameled ware
Lumber and allied products—
Furniture.
Lumber:
Millwork
Sawmills__
Stone, clay, and glass products
Brick, tile, and terra cotta
Cement
Glass
Marble, granite, slate, and other products
Pottery
_
63.4
106.6
92.4
700.7
90.8
65.0
53.7
126.5
55.7
70.1
54.7
86.5
110.7
80.3
101.8
157.9
123.0
70.2
106.0
120.0
725.3
125.8
81.1
51.4
121.4
63.3
68.2
63.0
99.9
127.8
92.1
24.46
29.01
20.81
21.27
17.41
26.23
27.79
25.15
26.41
28.11
31.21
28.87
30.61
28.52
22.49
23.11
22.73
26.47
31.03
20.90
23.53
22.40
27.40
28.06
26.44
27.93
35.15
32.69
30.48
31.38
30.33
23.49
24.18
23.36
27.12
31.63
20.74
24.50
20.43
31.03
27.89
31.23
29.61
32.47
31.02
31.61
30.63
31.78
24.63
25.82
24.77
34.1
39.7
32.7
32.8
27.1
29.7
39.4
27.4
35.4
36.4
36.1
39.4
43.5
39.0
33.1
33.5
30.8
37.0
42.2
33.2
35.7
35.2
31.2
39.8
29.2
36.9
43.5
37.9
41.5
44.8
41.2
35.1
35.3
31.9
38.3
42.9
33.2
37.0
32.5
35.1
39.7
34.3
38.5
41.4
36.9
43.0
43.6
43.0
37.3
38.5
33.7
71.4
73.2
63.8
65.0
64.1
88.7
71.3
91.9
74.6
77.2
84.8
72.8
69.4
73.1
67.6
69.1
73.8
71.3
73.5
63.0
66.1
63.7
88.1
70.4
90.5
75.7
80.8
85.0
73.3
68.6
73.7
66.5
68.6
73.0
70.8
73.8
62.5
66.6
62.7
88.9
70.2
91.3
76.9
78.5
83.8
73.6
68.5
74.1
65.9
67.2
73.4
88.8
60.5
52.7
54.0
74.0
88.6
42.5
49.4
105.3
70.6
72.1
67.7
80.2
114.7
48.4
60.0
122.3
78.8
94.4
72.6
83.8
141.5
55.1
65.8
20.42
22.52
19.54
21.11
26.92
20.64
17.66
17.16
20.72
23.53
21.31
24.18
27.73
21.69
18.62
19.27
22.22
24.09
25.07
24.84
27.90
22.76
19.48
19.66
33.6
36.3
28.8
33.2
39.1
31.8
34.6
31.8
35.4
38.2
31.7
37.7
40.2
35.0
36.8
36.0
38.6
40.3
38.3
38.8
39.9
37.1
37.2
37.0
60.7
61.9
67.9
63.6
68.9
64.6
51.6
53.8
58.5
61.3
67.5
64.1
69.0
61.8
51.3
53.7
57.6
58.9
65.4
64.1
69.8
61.2
52.8
53.2
51.2
47.6
68.2
45.5
66.1
106.7
42.1
76.9
36.5
31.5
43.4
24.3
44.4
76.2
23.7
51.3
42.8
33.9
54.5
30.8
58.0
95.8
30.8
59.7
46.3
40.4
63.6
36.4
67.3
111.9
34.6
70.0
18.85
17.70
19.97
16.53
22.45
20.89
22.26
19.43
20.38
17.56
21.86
17.95
24.34
23.01
23.64
21.19
20.58
18.99
23.71
19.18
25.73
25.21
23.88
24.05
34.0
36.5
31.1
31.2
32.8
29.8
32.9
32.1
37.0
36.4
33.8
33.8
36.1
32.4
35.1
34.9
37.7
37.3
36.5
35.8
38.2
35.8
36.2
37.9
55.3
49.3
65.1
54.1
68.4
70.4
67.9
64.0
55.2
48.8
64.9
53.5
67.4
71.2
67.5
63.1
54.7
52.0
64.4
53.4
67.4
70.5
66.3
63.1
92.0
87.2
85.7
91.1
91.2
108.8
83.0
111.9
67.6
59.8
65.3
64.8
45.6
70.3
67.9
83.9
65.2
89.7
40.4
48.9
68.7
68.9
54.4
74.1
74.9
86.5
64.9
95.1
48.1
49.6
71.5
71.5
49.7
76.8
79.0
89.0
61.0
112.3
50.8
42.8
15.31
15.02
16.24
12.73
15.96
19.59
21.40
15.64
13.55
18.97
15.42
15.36
16.50
13.13
16.47
19.81
21.13
16.00
14.75
18.69
15. 37
15.24
13.77
13.25
16.10
19.87
19.96
17.40
14.54
16.43
30.2
30.7
24.6
30.2
33.1
34.2
31.2
30.8
29.5
32.0
30.3
31.4
25.6
30.9
33.5
34.0
30.8
31.7
32.0
31.7
30.6
31.5
21.2
31.5
33.1
34.4
28.2
33.7
31.7
27.7
51.1
48.9
65.9
42.0
48.7
56.9
72.0
51.9
45.5
59.4
51.1
49.0
64.4
42.3
50.0
58.0
70.6
51.3
46.0
59.2
50.9
49.2
64.9
42.1
50.0
57.6
71.6
52.4
46.2
59.4
90.3
139.2
97.1
68.6
117.7
84.3
771.5
86.8
44.5
52.2
99.2
47.6
63.1
46.4
88.4
103.9
89.1
98.1
148.1
124.0
73.7
127.0
105.5
781.0
112.9
55.8
59.5
104.8
52.7
63.5
51.9
98.9
114.1
97.0
104.8
153.9
156.7
77.7
138.4
121.8
795.0
133.2
65.8
61.6
105.9
57.4
63.1
57.0
108.4
123.5
105. 5
79.1
131.5
76.2
53.4
76.8
68.6
674.9
63.8
48.9
37.7
114.2
47.3
68.4
45.9
73.3
96.9
71.4
93.0
149.0
99.8
82.2
69.2
69.3
81.1
105.2
53.7
68.5
115.3
89.9
87.1
76.1
85.3
122.6
58.1
74.5
125.0
100.3
95.6
79.3
88.0
144.0
63.5
79.5
44.1
39.7
55.1
35.3
50.2
87.6
31.9
69.7
47.6
42.8
63.2
41.1
60.5
100.0
38.0
74.1
84.6
80.6
66.9
86.6
78.8
103.6
82.7
98.8
57.8
59.1
88.2
84.0
78.3
89.0
84.9
105.3
83.5
103.3
63.2
61.1
88.7
Nondurable goods
Textile and their products
Fabrics.Carpets and rugs
Cotton goods..
Cotton small wares
Dyeing and finishing textiles..
Hats, fur-felt
Knit goods
Silk and rayon goods
Woolen and worsted goods
See footnotes at end of table*
TABLE 4.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, January 1938, December 1937, and
November 1937—Continued
MANUFACTURING—Continued
Employment index
Industry
Nondurable
January
1938
Decem- Novem
ber
ber
1937
1937
Pay-roll index
Janu- Decem- Novem
ber
ber
ary
1937
1937
1938
Average weekly
earnings
Average hours worked
per week
Decem- Novem
ber
ber
1937
1937
January
1938
$16.13 $15. 60 $15. 74
16.44
15.61
15.82
17.87
17.85
17.25
14.99
14.85
15.52
12.05
13.16
14.36
20.02
18.00
17.40
11.87
12.11
13.14
17.96
16.61
15.48
16.94
15. 25 13.72
22.43
22.23
22.13
25.22
24.93
24.46
25.18
25. 22 25.10
31. 33 31.65
32.22
22.54
22.27
22.42
16. 12 16. 22 15.74
17. 58 18.11
17.63
25. 86 25. 52 26.10
29.24
29.16
29.25
29.30
28.31
28.89
28.37
25.09
21.98
23.72
26. 41
26.87
15.85
16.72
16.88
17.31
17.06
18.11
15.48
16.66
16.62
26.96
27.48
27.62
19.25
19. 78 20.42
22.41
23.26
22.47
28.9
26.7
29.9
32.3
29.2
28.2
25.2
29.4
32.0
31.5
28.9
26.1
29.2
33.6
32.8
30.3
33.4
32.9
35.4
40.4
41.5
37.7
30.2
31.1
30.1
35.2
40.5
41.4
37.9
34.3
36.8
43.4
45.4
42.7
38.8
38.1
33.3
34.7
33.1
36.8
35.2
35.9
January
Average hourly
earnings
Decem- Novem^ Januber
ber
ary
1937
1937
1938
Decem- November
ber
1937
1937
goods—Continued
Textile and their products—Continued.
Wearing apparel
_
Clothing, men's
Clothing, women's
Corsets and allied garments
Men's furnishings
Millinery
Shirts and collars
leather and its manufactures
Boots and shoes
Leather
Food and kindred products
Baking
Beverages
Butter _
Canning and preserving
Confectionery
Flour
Icecream
Slaughtering and meat packing
Sugar, beet
Sugar refining, cane
Tobacco manufactures
Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff
Cigars and cigarettes
Paper and printing
Boxes, paper
,
Paper and pulp
Printing and publishing:
Book and job
Newspapers and periodicals
Chemicals and allied products, and petroleum
refining
Other than petroleum refining
Chemicals
_,.„,.
91.7
83.2
128.3
84.4
97.6
50.1
89.3
85.8
89.3
76. 6
102.7
129.6
186.2
80.5
81.9
76.4
73.7
61.3
92.8
33.9
65.6
51.9
57.2
51.1
101.0
89.3
108.2
95.6
84.0
131.0
87.6
118.8
44.1
106.3
81.8
83.8
78.6
107.3
131.6
187.4
81.6
89.1
87.2
75.1
63.7
90.9
146.1
75.0
60.8
56.9
61.2
104.1
96.9
109.4
101.0
90.7
134.9
88.1
130.4
43.8
114. 6
80.3
80.8
82.9
114.6
135.2
194.3
83.7
118.7
91.8
76.0
65.1
90.5
252.1
70.4
62.9
56.7
63.6
106.4
103.3
113.6
63.7
58.2
82.8
74.7
66.5
34.4
70.9
65.6
63.1
76.9
106.4
125.0
199. 8
65.7
79.4
73.8
73.3
57.8
108.3
40.8
58.9
44.6
66.6
41.9
95.6
83.1
65.2
55.5
86.0
79.7
89.8
27.4
87.3
58.4
53.2
78.5
110.4
127.4
202.0
65.8
86.6
86.8
74.0
60.4
104. 7
135.8
72.4
55.7
67.9
54.2
100.8
92.8
98.8
68.6
61.1
84.2
82.1
103. 8
26.7
102.6
53.8
46.0
82.7
115.9
130.3
212.7
67,2
111.4
89.8
76.7
61.5
102.3
267. 4
66.8
57.2
63.8
56.4
101.5
102.6
105.4
95.8
103.1
98.0
106.6
98.3
107.0
91.0
100.8
95.9
108.4
93.1
106.1
29.95
36.75
30.75
38.45
29.96
37. 42
112.5
111.0
118,3
116.3
115.4
122.6
122.7
122.4
129.8
117.4
112.2
124.8
124.4
120.3
130.4
132.1
129.6
141.7
27.19
24.22
29.25
27.93
25.06
29.51
28.07
25.59
3a 25
Cents
55.8
62.1
56.8
46.9
37.8
Cents
55.3
62.4
56.8
46.7
36.6
Cents
54.3
61.1
55.5
46.0
37.3
33. 1
28.6
26.9
35.2
40.3
41.4
41.7
53.6
51.4
63.8
41.0
53.6
51.1
63.8
61.8
61.2
61.2
83.8
61.3
84.4
40.4
54.5
52.3
62.8
60.2
61.1
84.2
33.6
39.7
42.7
46.6
42.2
40.4
43.0
37.1
35.8
37.3
37.6
37.3
35.6
33.8
38.7
43.7
46.5
41.1
49.6
40.9
37.4
33.5
37.9
37.7
39.0
36.9
48.3
48.0
58.6
62.6
68.8
76.0
59.6
47.6
50.3
47.2
76.2
55.1
62.4
49.6
45.6
58.9
61.7
68.0
55.6
60.8
45.5
51. 1
44.9
76.5
53.4
63.1
47.8
45.6
58.8
61.3
68.1
50.8
62.8
44.9
51.1
44.2
75.7
52.8
63.2
38.4
36.7
39.7
37.7
38.7
37.1
79.3
96.9
78.3
99.1
78.5
97.1
36.6
37.1
36.8
38.0
38.5
37.4
38.5
39.5
38.7
75.2
66.8
79.7
74.3
66.2
78.9
73.8
65.8
78,2
Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal
Druggists' preparations
Explosives
Fertilizers
Paints and varnishes
Rayon and allied products
Soap
Petroleum refining
Rubber products
Rubber boots and shoes
Rubber goods, other than boots, shoes, tires,
and inner tubes
Rubber tires and inner tubes
104.4
105.9
90.2
82.6
116.3
315.2
94.0
118.8
78.3
59.2
109.9
110.5
94.7
81.6
121.1
336.8
94.6
120.2
86.0
68.0
121.0
112.5
95.4
75.3
128.0
374.0
100.4
123.9
90.9
71.9
96.8
118.4
82.3
78.5
106.4
275.5
109.2
134.3
65.9
44.3
104.8
124.0
100.3
82.3
116.1
313.5
111.2
137.9
77.1
54.6
113.0
125.8
106.6
77.4
124.8
360.3
116.9
140.4
82.0
62.1
13.18
24.37
26.11
16.17
25.16
21.58
28.65
34.31
22.41
18.76
13.48
24.40
29.48
16.74
26.40
22.98
28.58
34.88
23.90
20.08
13.18
24.33
31.64
17.02
26.95
23.79
28.23
34.42
24.11
21.70
53.2
39.0
33.0
37.6
35.9
32.9
38.4
35.2
29.0
30.7
55.0
39.8
37.8
38.2
37.8
35.3
38.7
36.3
31.1
33.6
53.5
39.2
39.7
38.6
3,8.8
37.0
39.2
35.8
31.6
35.9
25.0
60.0
79.0
43.0
70.1
65.7
74.8
98.1
79.2
61.1
24.7
57.7
78.0
43.9
69.9
65.1
74.3
97.1
78.9
59.8
24.8
58.3
79.8
44.1
69.6
64.4
72.4
97.0
79.0
60.4
108.6
71.3
120.9
76.6
128.2
80.8
94.9
61.1
110.9
70.8
121.7
72.9
19.99
25.09
21.15
26.91
21.93
26.26
32.9
26.0
34.5
28.0
36.0
27.2
60.7
96.7
61.3
96.7
60.9
97.2
$25. 27 $27. 02 $26. 00
19.26
25.49
24.00
27.80
29.43
30.05
18.66
19.32
21.48
33.70
34.11
34.12
27.2
21.6
41.4
33.4
39.7
28.9
29.1
43.1
34.7
40.1
28.3
26.9
43.1
38.9
39.9
91.7
87.1
67.5
55.8
85.3
92.0
86.6
68.6
55.8
83.8
83.4
NONMANUFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 12-month average 1929=100]
Coal mining: 2
Anthracite 2
Bituminous
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining
Crude-petroleum producing
Public utilities:
Telephone and telegraph 3
Electric
light and power and manufactured
gas 3
Electric-railroad3 and motor bus operation and
maintenance
Trade:
3
Wholesale
Retail 3
General merchandising 3
Other than general
merchandising 3
23 5
Hotels (year-round)
2
Laundries
Dyeing and cleaning 2
Brokerage 33 66
Insurance
Building construction 6
1
59.6
96.8
67.3
38.8
75.6
61.4
99.4
70.4
43.9
76.5
60.9
101.4
75.4
49.9
77.2
46.5
70.2
59.0
28.2
68.0
77.8
78.0
78.9
93.8
94.7
91.4
31.02
31.19
(4)
39.9
39.5
(4)
82.2
94.0
96.1
97.3
98.9
102.4
103.8
33.47
33.91
(4)
39.3
40.4
(4)
85.5
84.2
72.2
72.8
73.2
70.9
71.9
71.8
32.11
32.29
(4)
45.0
45.8
(4)
70.0
69.4
90.9
84.1
91.5
82.1
94.3
96.7
96.7
-1.9
93.3
100.4
145.9
88.5
94.9
97.0
99.2
-1.6
93.5
91.7
109.8
86.9
96.6
97.8
103.5
77.8
80.6
123.3
71.8
82.6
81.1
68.6
-2.6
78.3
75.3
97.1
70.8
84.3
81.1
73.7
42.7
43.1
40.9
44.1
46.6
42.0
40.2
4
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
68.3
54.5
48.9
56.1
31.1
41.0
49.2
4
68.1
52.4
45.5
55.4
31.3
40.5
49.1
4
-17.2
-6.4
-15,2
-22.7
29.13
19.94
16.79
23. 74
15.00
17.03
19.09
36.79
37. 45
28.53
42.1
43.1
39.9
44.0
46.6
41.8
39.0
4
-14.2
28.95
21.43
18.37
23.92
14.90
17.04
18.66
36.23
37.38
28.36
(4)
(44)
+.8
75.3
70.1
84.6
67.1
81.5
80.1
65.3
-3.4
+1.0
+.2
-.1
+.8
+1.1
+1.8
-.8
Average weekly earnings are computed from figures furnished by all reporting establishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data supplied
by a small number of establishments as all reporting firms do not furnish man-hours.
The figures are not strictly comparable from month to month because of changes in the
size
and composition of the reporting sample.
2
Indexes adjusted to 1935 census and not comparable with previously published indexes. Comparable series are presented in table 7.
49.0
91.1
71.6
41.7
70.2
51.3
95.1
65.1
33.4
69.8
-8.1
3
C4 )
()
(4)
16.90
19.53
4
()
(4)
30.52
41.6
40.8
()
(4)
()
(4)
(4)
(4)
()
(4)
()
(4)
30.5
30.9
33.1
92.5
91.9
Average weekly earnings, hourly earnings, and hours not strictly comparable with
previously published figures as they now exclude corporation officers, executives, and
other
employees whose duties are mainly supervisory.
4
Not available.
5
Cash
payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
6
Indexes of employment and pay rolls not available; percentage changes from preceding month substituted.
18
INDEXES OF EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS
Indexes of employment and pay rolls are given in tables 5 and 6 for
all manufacturing industries combined, for the durable- and nondurable-goods groups of manufacturing industries, and for 13 nonmanufacturing industries, including 2 subgroups under retail trade,
by months, from January 1937 to January 1938, inclusive. The
indexes for anthracite and bituminous-coal mining, year-round hotels,
laundries, and dyeing and cleaning, have been adjusted to 1935 census
figures and are presented by months from 1929 forward where available in table 7. Explanatory text precedes that table. The accompanying chart indicates the trend of factory employment and pay
rolls from January 1919 to January 1938.
The indexes of factory employment and pay rolls are computed
from returns supplied by representative establishments in 89 manufacturing industries and cover wage earners only. The base used in
computing these indexes is the 3-year average 1923-25 as 100. In
January 1938 reports were received from 24,957 manufacturing establishments employing 3,982,188 workers, whose weekly earnings were
$87,130, 609. The employment reports received from these establishments cover more than 55 percent of the total wage earners in all
manufacturing industries of the country and more than 65 percent of
the wage earners in the 89 industries included in the monthly survey
of the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
The indexes for the nonmanufacturing industries are based on the
12-month average for 1929 as 100. Figures for mining, laundries,
dyeing and cleaning, and building construction cover wage earners
only, but the figures for public utilities, trade, hotels, brokerage, and
insurance relate to all employees, except corporation officers, executives, and other employees whose duties are mainly supervisory. For
crude-petroleum producing they cover wage earners and clerical field
force.
Data for both manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries are
based on reports of the number of employees and amount of pay rolls
for the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month.
EMPLOYMENT & P \ Y BOLLS
ALL MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
Imfo Numbers
120
100
J92325'100
J
J
80
V
4
i
r
60
40
20
A
Index Numbers
a
V
120
At
Em,
\
j
Rol
I
Vf
i\
\
100
rmer.?/
[V
V
/v
80
60
40
20
A
" 1919 /920 192/ 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938u
t/wr£D STATES BUREAU OFLABOR STATISTICS
20
TABLE 5.—Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in All Manufacturing Industries
Combined and in the Durable- and Nondurable-Goods Groups 1
[Adjusted to 1933 Census of Manufactures—3-year average 1923-25=ICO]
Manufacturing
Total
Durable
Month
Employment
January ._
February
March.
April
May
June
July _.
August
September
October _
November
"Dp.p.fvmbp.r
Average
_
Pay rolls
Employment
goods 2
Nondurable goods *
Employment
Pay rolls
Pay rolls
1937
1938
1937
1938
1937
1938
1937
1938
1937
1938
1937
96.5
99.0
101.1
102.1
102.3
101.1
82.2
90.7
95.8
101.1
104 9
105.2
102.9
71.6
90.4
93.2
96.4
98.6
99.9
98.8
75.1
86.6
92.5
100.0
106.4
107.5
104.6
63.8
103.0
105.2
106.1
105.9
104.8
103.5
89.9
96.0
99.9
102.6
102.9
102.3
100.8
101.4
102.3
102.1
100.5
94.7
88.6
100.4
103 8
100.1
100.1
89.5
80.9
98.9
98.1
97.3
97.6
92.4
84.3
100.7
104 0
99.4
101.7
89.9
77.0
104.1
106 9
107.3
103.6
97.3
93.3
100.0
103.5
100.9
98.2
89.0
85.8
99.3
98.0
95.5
97.5
103.4
98.5
1938
81.5
1
Comparable indexes for earlier years will be found in the February 1937 issue of this report, or in the
April 1937 issue of the M o n t h l y Labor Review.
2
I* Includes the following groups of manufacturing industries: Iron and steel; machinery; transportation
equipment; railroad repair shops; nonferrous metals; lumber and allied products; and stone, clay, and
glass products.
3 Includes the following groups of manufacturing industries: Textiles and their products, leather and its
manufactures, food and kindred products, tobacco manufactures, paper and printing, chemicals and allied
products, products of petroleum a n d coal, rubber products, and a number of miscellaneous industries not
included in other groups.
6.—Indexes
of Employment and Pay Rolls in Selected Nonmanufacturing
Industries, January 1937 to January 1938 l
12-month average 1929 = 100
Anthracite mining
Employment
Month
Pay
rolls
Bituminous-coal
mining
Employment
Pay
rolls
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining
Employment
Employment
Pay
rolls
Pay
rolls
1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938
January . __
February
March
April
__
May
June
65.2 59.6 46.4 46.5 104.5 96 8 93.6 70.2 66.8 67.3 58.4 59.0 45.7 38.8 34.6 28.2
44 6
63 6
104 7
96 4
69 6
63 4
46 7
37 8
59.0
41 1
106 1
103 5
73 1
41 3
49 1
70 6
65.1
69.4
76.2
89.7
63.6
48.1
76.9
53.1
61.5
48.2
78.5
96.1
79.4
51.4
79.8
54.9
61.6
55.3
79.5
96.2
83.3
52.6
55.4
77 7
July
August
September
October
November
December
54.3 — 49.7
58.1
61.5
60 9
61.4
38.2 . . . . . 93.7 . . . . . 77.7
29.6
97.4
86.3
34.2
99.4
90.9
55.4
102.4
100.7
91 1
49 0
101 4
51.3
99.4
95.1
60.2
46.9
_.
Average..
99.3
88.5
82.0 _____
83.4
84.1
82.9
75 4
70.4
77.8
83.0
82.2
81.7
71 6
65.1
55.5
54.9
54.7
53 3
49 9
43.9
50.8
53.2
50.1
49.3
41 7
33.4
76.8
74.0
51.4
45.4
-Ill
i Comparable indexes for earlier years for all of these industries, except anthracite and bituminous-coal
mining, year-round hotels, laundries, and dyeing and cleaning, will be found in the November 1934 and subsequent issues of this pamphlet, or the February 1935 and subsequent issues of the Monthly Labor Review.
Indexes for anthracite and bituminous-coal mining, year-round hotels, laundries, and dyeing and cleaning
from January 1929 forward have been adjusted to the 1935 census and are presented in table 7, following.
21
TABLE 6.—Indexes
of Employment and Pay Rolls in Selected Nonmanufacturing
Industries, January 1937 to January 1938—Continued
Crude-petroleum
producing
Month
Employment
P a y rolls
light and
Telephone and tele- Electric
power, and manugraph
factured gas
Electric-railroad and
motorbus
operation and maintenance 2
Employment
Employment
P a y rolls
Employment
P a y rolls
Pay rolls
1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938
January _ .
February
March
April
May
June
72.7 75.6 61.2 68.0 74.4 77.8 83.6 93.8 92.1 94.0 92.3 98.9 72.5 72.2 68.0 70.9
82.2
64.1
74.8
93.6
92.2
73.5
72.5
68.7
87.2
92.4
94.8
63.9
75.4
74 2
72 6
69 2
86.3
76.6
93.1
95.5
67.7
75.8
72.9
69.4
89.5
77.7
94.6
97.9
68.2
76.7
73.3
70.1
78.5
88.6
96.3
100.4
70.4
78.5
73.3
71.1
July...
August
September
October.
November
December
78.5
79.3
78.2
77.5
77.2 . . . . .
76.5
70.5
70.8
71.2
69.9
70.2 : . : . .
69.8
79.7
79.8
79.8
79.6
78.9
78.0
92.1
92.1
92.3
94.9
91.4
94.7
97.5
98.3
98.6
98.5
97.3
96.1
102.2 . . . . .
102.6
104.0
105.3
103.8
102.4
76.5 . . . . .
68.2
77.8
89.6
95.6
99.6 . . . . .
Average. .
Wholesale trade
Month
Employment
P a y rolls
Total retail trade
Employ- Pay rolls
ment
73.4
73.4
73.7
73.4
73.2 - - - - 72.8
70.8
73.1
71.6
71.4
71.8
71.9
73.1
70.6
Retail trade—general merchandising
Retail trade—other
than general merchandising
Employment
Employment
Pay rolls
Pay rolls
1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938
January
February
March
April
May
June
July.__
August
September
October
November
December
Average-
90.7 90.9
92.0
92 1
91.9
90.8
90.3
90.6
91.8 — 93 0
94.0
93 5
93.3
92.0
72.6 75. S 85.4 84.1 68.0 70.1 95.1 91.5
85.2
67.9
93.9
74.1
70.5
100.3
75.0
88.5
71.9
88.8
99.6
75.4
102.1
73.5
89.9
76.1
74.4
102.9
76.3
90.5
72.8
87.6
95.9
76.9
93.8 . . . . .
79.0 — - 86.2 — - 72.3
103.7
90.7
78.3
74.4
108.1
92.1
75.9
79.3
75.3
109.8
91.7
78 3
80.6
145.9
100.4
77.8
104.3
73.1
89.8
76.6
Year-round hotels
Employment
Month
Pay rolls
83.8 84.6 82.9 82.1
82.9
82.9
87.6
85.4
89.1
86.0
91.5
86.7
92.5
87.2
87.3
85.4
85.7 . . . . . 84.2 . . . . .
92.4
87.3
96.2
87.9
97.1
86.9
123.3
88.5
92.5
85.9
Laundries
Employment
Pay rolls
64.7 67.1
64.8
67 0
68.3
69.8
70.6
69.8
69.5
70 7
71.7
70 8
71.8
69.1
Dyeing and cleaning
Employment
P a y rolls
1937 193b 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 193? 1938
January
February
March
April
_.
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December.
Average
___
92.9 94.3 76.2 81.5 98.3 96.7 78.2 80.1 98.8 96.7 64.7 65.3
93.9
98.0
78.1
63 6
78.5
98.4
94.4
78.7
79.3
98.5
104.3
71.8
80.7
80.4
96.1
98.3
109.2
80.1
95.3
83.3
79.7
100.3
113.9
86 1
94.4
87.5
80.1
118.5
92.2
103.9
79.4
93.6
105.8
89.0
79.5
111.0
94.3
80.5
104.7
88.0
110.3
81.3
82.4
104 1
86.4
95.7
112.8
85 7
96.9
83.4
84.1
99.9
110.5
83.6
98.6
84.3
97.8
103.5
73.7
81.1
99.2
82.6
94.9
81.1
97.0
68.6
83 0
94 9
80 6
100 6
107 5
77 6
2 Not including electric-railroad car building and repairing; see transportation equipment and railroad
repair-shop groups, manufacturing industries, table 3.
51637—38
4
22
REVISED INDEXES OF EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS IN ANTHRACITE AND BITUMINOUS-COAL MINING, LAUNDRIES, DYEING AND
CLEANING, AND YEAR-ROUND HOTELS
In table 7, following, are presented revised indexes of employment
and pay rolls for the anthracite and bituminous-coal mining industries,
power laundries, dyeing and cleaning establishments, and year-round
hotels. The indexes are based on reports received each month from
a selected group of representative firms. Since the monthly surveys
do not cover all establishments in any industry, the movements of
employment and pay rolls over an extended period of time deviate
from the changes shown by the censuses, which are designed to cover
all firms. Adjustments are therefore made when final census data
become available to eliminate any differences in trend which may
have developed between the Bureau's indexes and movements shown
by the census. The revised indexes for the industries shown in the
accompanying tables have been adjusted to conform with census
levels for 1935 and supersede the formerly published series. They
are based on the average for the year 1929 as 100. The monthly movements of the revised series subsequent to December 1935 have not
been affected by these revisions.
The method of adjusting these indexes is similar to that used for
the biennial adjustment of the Bureau's indexes of factory employment and pay rolls to the census.
In keeping with the policy adopted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, further revisions, if necessary, will be made when final census
data for these industries become available for succeeding years.
Coal mining.—The indexes of employment and pay rolls for the
coal-mining industries have been adjusted to conform with the trends
indicated by annual data for wage earners and wages available from the
Census of Mines for 1929 and 1935. Since census data for the anthracite and bituminous-coal mining industries are available only for 1929
and 1935, a 7-year adjustment method was used to bring the Bureau's
average indexes for 1935 into conformity with the movements indicated by census data between these 2 years.
Laundries and dyeing and cleaning.—The indexes of employment and
pay rolls for the laundry and dyeing and cleaning industries were
adjusted to conform with census data for the years 1931 and 1935.
These indexes, which had previously been adjusted to the 1931 census
levels, had not been adjusted to 1933 census data, due to the incompleteness of the census survey for that year.
Hotels.—The hotel indexes relate to year-round hotels having 25 or
more guest rooms. They had previously been adjusted to conform
with census movements between 1929 and 1933 for such year-round
hotels. The present adjustment is based on the 1935 census and
23
affects the indexes from January 1933 forward. The published
census data for 1935 showing comparisons of employment and pay
rolls between 1929, 1933, and 1935 for year-round hotels, having 25
or more guest rooms, do not include figures for California because
of lack of comparable information over this period. Since the movements shown by census employment and pay-roll reports between
1929 and 1933 excluding California were similar to those including
California, it was assumed that similar relationships obtained between
1933 and 1935, and the census figures excluding California were used as
a basis for the adjustment of the indexes between 1933 and 1935.
Also, in 1935, as in the earlier censuses, the yearly averages of
employment (for hotels of 25 or more guest rooms), are based on
figures for the months of April, July, October, and December, although
the published pay-roll totals are on an annual basis. The census
reports for 1935, however, show, in addition to the above, employment
data for the 12 months of 1935 for all year-round hotels, from which
it was possible to estimate values for the missing months in 1935.
TABLE 7.—Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in Specified Nonmanujacturing
Industries, by Months, January 1929 to January 1938
ANTHRACITE MINING
[Adjusted to conform with Census of Mines data for 1929 and 1935. 1929=100]
Employment
Month
January
February
March
April
May .
June
July
_
_ ..
-_ . _
-
__
_
August
._ ___
September
October
November.
_ . __ __
December...
Average
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
105.4
105.7
97.7
100.4
103.5
92.8
102.9
107.9
83.7
85 4
95.3
92.4
93.4
92.5
85.1
88 5
83.8
79.7
81.0
76.2
78.9
75 4
72.4
58.7
59.3
65.7
61.8
58.9
50.7
47.2
73.0
72.2
76.7
67.6
73.3
67.2
73.8
75.5
62.6
63.9
65.0
68.4
71.3
73.8
63.3
60.1
66.2
61.7
65.2
63.6
59.0
65.1
61.5
61.6
83.1
91.1
102.1
106.4
104.4
107.7
93.4
82.2
95.9
101.3
99.7
101.7
68.9
71.3
84.2
91.1
88.0
84.5
50.3
55.2
62.0
70.2
69.2
69.0
51.7
55.7
65.0
65.3
69.5
63.2
63.5
59.5
67.1
68.9
71.2
72.3
61.0
50.4
57.8
70.6
58.4
69.1
58.4
49.6
57.4
60.2
62.1
66.1
54.3
49.7
58.1
61.5
60.9
61.4
95.2
84.3
68.2
59.5
69.4
64.7
62.5
60.2
100.0
1938
59.6
P a y rolls
January
February
March . .
April
May
June
_
_.
._
-
July
August
September.
October
November
December
Average.. . .
_
100.6
122.0
90.7
88.2
98.9
80.6
106.1
121.9
79.0
75.5
99.4
95.0
90.4
103.1
72.6
76.6
77.5
68.2
63.5
59.3
63.3
74.2
60.2
39.7
46.0
59.7
51.7
40.4
33.1
37.4
76.8
69.5
86.2
55.5
67.9
57.3
61.9
68.8
43.5
54.5
54.2
70.7
59.1
83.3
46.3
31.1
61.2
45.6
46.4
44.6
41.1
69.4
48.2
55.3
64.7
78.4
103.9
134.0
100.7
137.5
84.7
79.6
92.5
118.1
99.0
101.1
55.3
58.0
66.6
92.9
81.3
80.3
36.9
43.9
49.5
69.3
53.7
58.9
41.4
49.9
64.0
65.0
51.3
47.9
46.3
43.8
51.2
52.5
55.5
56.7
42.3
33.1
43.0
60.7
33.2
60.2
40.4
34.1
37.9
52.7
43.8
60.2
38.2
29.6
34.2
55.4
49.0
51.3
100.0
96.0
76.9
56.0
49.0
59.9
52.2
49.6
46.9
46.5
24
TABLE 7.—Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in Specified Nonmanufacturing
Industries, by Months, January 1929 to January 1938—Continued
BITUMINOUS-COAL MINING
Employment
Month
1929
Tanuarv
February
105.8
107.1
106.3
99.8
96.3
94.5
93.9
95.8
97.5
99.3
101.6
102.2
-
April
J^/Jgry
JU.116
JUly
Alienist
fiftntpm bpr
Opfober
November
December
Average
100.0
1930
103.7
103.9
100.3
96.4
92.6
90.9
90.8
92.2
93.8
95.3
96.3
96.6
96.1
1931
98.2
96.1
93.6
91.0
87.8
84.0
82.3
83.1
86.8
87.9
88.0
88.4
88.9
1932
88.2
85.1
83.1
73.7
71.1
69.2
67.6
68.6
71.9
76.8
79.4
80.3
76.3
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
80.3
80.1
78.7
75.0
72.8
73.1
75.3
80.9
84.4
80.9
87.9
88.8
79.9
89.4
90.0
92.0
86.5
91.3
91.6
92.1
92.9
93.9
95.4
96.1
96.4
97.6
98.9
99.5
92.3
93.5
96.3
98.5
99.1
99.3
95.6
94.2
93.4
88.3
91.8
95.6
92.4
94.6
97.6
93.2
94.9
96.5
100.2
101.7
103.6
104.5
104.7
106.1
89.7
96.1
96.2
93.7
97.4
99.4
102.4
101.4
99.4
92.3
94.9
97.5
99.3
83.3
92.1
81.7
72.9
72.5
71.5
193S
96.8
Pay rolls
Jamiarv
Fpbruarv
]VIarcti
April
May
June
- - July
Aucust
September
October
November
December
Average....
51.7
51.9
51.9
39.1
36.1
32.9
42.8
44.1
37.8
33.8
34.3
36.8
60.0
63.7
68.1
59.3
64.0
64.8
70.7
73.0
77.0
81.7
81.5
80.3
76.1
71.2
68.3
61.9
57.8
56.0
54.1
54.5
57.7
60.4
59.0
56.9
30.1
32.3
36.3
44.0
44.4
44.3
59.7
60.8
61.8
68.4
69.4
68.2
83.0
61.2
41.3
41.3
51.2
52.1
52.3
59.1
59.3
45.4
71.1
77.8
79.2
56.6
60.9
76.9
47.6
57.7
72.2
81.7
77.9
81.8
64.0
70.1
82.7
93.6
96.4
103.5
63.6
79.4
83.3
77 7
86.3
90.9
100.7
91.1
95.1
88.5
105.7
116.2
108.3
89.0
91.7
89.9
102.2
103.0
87.5
83.0
78.9
77.2
85.5
92.8
98.8
107.1
106. 3
- 108.7
100.0
72.8
76.3
83.0
92.6
94.4
99.5
70.2
LAUNDRIES
Employment
Month
19291
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
_
September
October
November
December.
Average
- - -.
100.0
1930 1
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
93.9
93.3
92.9
94.0
93.9
94.6
95.5
94.1
93.2
92.1
90.3
89.5
89.1
87.4
86.7
86.9
86.5
86.3
85.7
84.5
84.4
83.4
82.2
82.1
81.8
80.9
79.7
80.3
80.6
83.4
98.3
98.4
98.5
98 3
100.3
103.9
100 5
99.5
99 5
97.3
96.7
97.3
105 8
104.7
104 1
99.9
97.8
97.0
93.1
85.4
83.1
87.9
87.5
87.7
88.0
88.4
89.6
91.0
93.2
93.0
91 9
90.8
90.3
90.1
90.1
90.5
90.2
91.2
92.4
95.0
96.9
83.9
85.7
87.4
86.3
83.6
83.8
84.1
84.2
85.1
86.6
88.4
90.5
91.3
90.6
90 0
89.0
87.8
87.2
95.6
100.6
69.9
69 4
71.6
72.6
77 4
77.6
80.9
78.5
78.4
77.1
76.3
77.9
78.2
78 1
79 3
80 4
83 3
87.5
1938
96.7
Pay rolls
January
February
March
April
May
June
_ _
July
August
September
October
November
December
Average
1
_.
Data not available.
_
100.0
90.6
89.5
89.5
90.9
90.5
91.2
80.2
76.9
75.2
75.0
74 2
72.1
91.5
88.6
88.0
85.7
82.7
81.1
69.8
67.3
66.2
64.6
62.4
61.9
70.5
88.3
61.3
58.7
56.0
57.3
57.8
60.1
59.5
61.1
64.3
63.4
61.6
62.0
69.4
67.8
67.1
66.1
65.0
64.6
60.3
66.0
62.7
62.7
63.7
65.5
68 0
69.4
65.3
65.5
66.0
67.0
68 1
69.7
72.4
70.7
69.5
68.7
68.3
69.1
68.4
75.6
89.0
88.0
86.4
83.4
81 1
81.1
83.0
80.1
25
TABLE 7.—Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in Specified Nonmanufacturing
Industries, by Months, January 1929 to January 1938—Continued
DYEING AND CLEANING
Employment
Month
1929 1
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
^November
December
Average
1930 !
_ _
. . .
100.0
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
81.3
79.9
80.5
87.7
88.7
91.0
91.0
86.5
88.4
87 8
84 4
80.1
77.9
77.0
77.4
80.4
81.9
83.0
81.0
78.7
82.7
82 2
78.7
76.6
81.2
81.6
86.4
94.3
99.2
100.2
79.8
92.7
97.7
92.0
90.4
96.1
105.2
112.3
112.5
110.0
107.4
111.5
111 2
104 6
99.9
104.4
98.8
98.0
104.3
109.2
113.9
118.5
96.3
94.9
96.7
97 5
93.4
90.5
88.8
88.6
91.9
99.7
101.0
104.0
102.3
100.2
103.0
101 4
97 3
94.4
85.6
75.0
73.6
74.3
83.9
85 1
89.0
86.9
87.6
93.1
93 3
88 3
83.1
84.4
1938
96.7
111.0
110.3
112.8
110 5
103.5
99.2
107.5
Pay rolls
January
February
March
April... _
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Average
. . .
.
. .
73.4
70 9
71.4
81.6
81.9
84.3
63.3
60 1
59.8
64.0
65.4
64.2
81.7
76.0
78.5
77.5
71.3
65.1
58.9
55.6
60.3
58.4
52.4
48.9
59.3
76.1
100 0
47.4
43 5
42.4
55.4
54.9
57.8
54.3
54.5
61.8
62.3
57.6
52.5
53.7
52.2
51 9
57.5
66.8
71.3
70.5
58.1
57 7
61.6
70.1
70.0
74.2
65.5
63.5
65.9
66.2
61.2
58.6
62.6
70.1
66.8
71.8
69.8
64.1
61.6
66.3
71.9
64.7
63 6
71.8
80.1
86.1
92.2
79.5
81.3
85.7
83.6
73.7
68.6
77.6
60.1
57 1
65.7
74.6
84.1
80.6
75.5
73.6
77.0
77.7
70.1
66.7
65.3
YEAR-ROUND HOTELS
Employment
Month
January
February
March
ApriLMay
June
July
August
September..
October
November.
December
Average
_ _
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
97.8
99.5
100.2
99.9
99.9
100.1
99.7
101.1
99.9
98.5
98.2
97.3
78.8
78.6
78.5
77.9
76.2
74.0
68.7
68.4
66.9
66.9
67.9
69.2
89.0
90.0
90.0
90.4
91.4
91.2
92.9
93.9
94.4
96.1
95.3
94.4
96.1
95.2
94.6
94 6
92.2
90.1
72.0
70.7
70.8
71 4
70.6
69.4
93.6
94.3
95.7
96.9
96.6
94.9
86.3
74.1
87.0
87.5
88.0
88 6
88.5
87.8
87.4
90.5
90.4
91.5
92 8
91.9
91.3
96.5
69.4
70.3
72.5
73 3
72.9
74.7
70.1
77.6
80.4
82.2
83.7
84.3
84.7
83.6
83.5
83.8
85 1
85.1
84.8
85.5
86.6
86.6
87.2
87.9
87.8
99.7
100.5
101.5
101.2
101.2
98.4
100.0
90.5
90.4
90.2
90.0
88.9
87.0
85.7
84.2
84.2
83 5
81.5
79.5
90.9
94.9
70.3
72.0
71.4
71.8
72.5
72.1
71.4
71.6
73.1
75.3
75.3
75.6
76.2
78.5
78.7
80.7
79.7
80.1
83.2
1938
94.3
Pay rolls
Januarv. __
February..
March
April..
May..
June
July
August
September
October
November .
December
Average
1
Data not available.
98.7
101.4
102.4
100.6
100.1
99.2
99.1
97.8
99.2
101.0
100.9
99.7
100.0
99.8
102.7
102.5
99.2
98.8
97.7
87.8
89.0
88.6
86.0
85.1
82.2
70.5
69.5
68.1
66.1
64.2
61.0
52.1
51.9
49.6
48.1
48.8
49.2
58.1
62.0
63.6
64.3
64.8
65.0
66.1
67.6
68.3
68.2
68.4
68.4
95.9
94.1
93.1
93.4
91.4
89.1
96.5
79.9
77.5
77.1
76 7
74.5
72.6
81.4
57.5
54.9
54.9
55.8
54.9
53.9
60.9
49.2
49.5
51.6
53.6
53.1
55.5
63.9
62.8
63.9
65.8
65.8
65.8
63.8
67.1
67.1
68.3
69.5
70.1
69.5
68.2
51.0
72.7
79.4
80.5
82.4
84.1
84.3
82.6
80.6
81.5
26
TREND OF INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT, BY STATES
A comparison of employment and pay rolls, by States and geographic
divisions, in December 1937 and January 1938, is shown in table 8 for
all groups combined, and for all manufacturing industries combined
based on data supplied by reporting establishments. The percentage
changes shown, unless otherwise noted, are unweighted—that is, the
industries included in the manufacturing group and in the grand total
have not been weighted according to their relative importance.
The totals for all manufacturing industries combined include figures
for miscellaneous manufacturing industries in addition to the 89
manufacturing industries presented in table 4. The totals for all
groups combined include all manufacturing industries, each of the
nonmanufacturing industries presented in table 4 (except building
construction), and seasonal hotels.
TABLE 8.—Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments in
December 1937 and January 1938, by Geographic Divisions and by States
[Figures in italics are not compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued
by cooperating State organizations]
Total—All groups
Geographic division and State
Manufacturing
PerPerPerPercentcentcent- Amount centage
Numage
age
Num- Number age Amount
Number
pay
pay
ber of on pay change of
ber of on pay change of
roll (1 change
roll (1 change
estabestab- roll Jan- from
from
roll
Janfrom
from
week)
week)
uary
lishDe- lishuary
DeDeDements 1938
cem- ments 1938
cem- January
cem- Jamiary
cem1938
1938
ber
ber
ber
ber
1937
1937
1937
1937
Dollars
New England
7,122,221 -5.9
13,150 791,489 -4. 6 17,
923,067 -1.3
Maine
730 47,120 -2.5
New Hamp561 32, 774 + 1 . 9
598,206 +1.1
shire
418
267, 046 -10.0
Vermont
13,323 —6.3
Massachusetts. 18,256 444,485 -8.8 10,050,463 -4.6
Rhode Island873
73,630 -7.4 1, 516, 259 -6.5
Connecticut
2,312 180,207 -7.0 3,767,180 -10.8
Middle Atlantic...
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania .
30,149 1,
L, 939,000
19, 502 862, 607
3,616 307, 597
7,031 768, 796
3,547
285
203
484, 068
27, 597 +3.3
147
8,697 -5.9
1,747 249,435 —2. 5,212,708
415 60,062 -6.2 1,181, 210
3,130,182
750 152,187
-7. 8 48,462,629
5,442 1,121,935
23, 657, 952 -7.8 2 2,;
--8.
8 . 77 23
404,520
234,706
-7.1 7, 658, 548 -7.4
7,146,129 -12.8
482,709
--7.
7 . 0 17,
East North Central. 23,144 1,
1,951,525 -11.3
-11. 46,I, 717, 576 -15.7 8,328
Ohio
7,095 528,836 -11.2
-11. 12,!, 068,848 -16.
2,529
Indiana
2,432 222, ~" -12.0 4,759,426 -18.6
916
Illinois
. . . s 6,125 569,973 -7.1 14,512,862 -8.5 2,412
Michigan
3,664 409, 337 -17.7
.0,116, 326 -24.4 7 986
-17. 10,
Wisconsin
6 3,828 220,786 -8.4 5,260,114
1,485
West North Central. 10, 789
Minnesota
2,074
Iowa
1,721
Missouri
2,784
North Dakota__
503
South Dakota446
Nebraska
1,205
Kansas
9 2,056
382,322
76, 975
59, 560
153, 326
4, 559
7,443
28,354
52,105
Dollars
537,025 -3.8 10,919,002
39, 047
742,447
9, 009,086
1, 950, 658
1, 371, 481
3, 505, 910
109, 369
194,464
652,499
1,224,705
+2.4
-12.0
-4-8
-6.5
-11.5
-6.0 26,421,443 -9.1
-5. 7 10,1
'0,500,018 -7.2
-5.0 5,789,705 -6.7
<-6. 6 10,
0,131,720
1,466,671 -12. 134,:, 358,288 -19.0
390, 848 -10.5 8,861, 213 -17.8
178,803 -11.2 3,752,831 -20.0
-6.1 9, 768,185 -8.5
-21.7 8,316,143 4-31.8
i
-6.7 3,659,916 -9.9
164,4
-5.3
-8.4
-3.8
-4.9
-6.1
-2.3
-6.4
2,373
426
398
853
55
37
152
452
197,372
38,197
35, 529
85,630
627
2,219
10, 296
24,874
South Atlantic
10, 111 779,375 - 5 . 8 13!, 897,683 -11.2
Delaware
205
13, 237 -6.4
312, 475 -8.6
Maryland
1,593 124, 098 -8.0 2,787,848 -9.4
District of Columbia
_ 1,056
36,339 -12.9
954,927 -8.9
See footnotes at end of table.
2,795
530,427 -4.5 8,656,382 -9.0
10,384 -5.2
244, 616 -8.8
84,515 *-5.0 1,807,729
-6.0
-8.2
-3.5
-6.1
-5.9
-1.8
-8.4
-6.5
-.1
38
-3.9 4,664,062
984,376
-4.1
-1.2
851, 251
-4.7 1,842,141
-4.0
18,165
59, 469
-00
265, 549
-11.9
—1
648, 111
3,183 - 4 . 7 105,791
-3.5
-6.4
-2.3
-2.9
-3.6
-.8
-7.7
-.6
-7.8
27
TABLE 8.—Comparison of Employment
and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
in
December 1937 and January 1938, by Geographic Divisions and by States—Continued
Total—All groups
Geographic division and State
PerPerPerPercentcentcentcentNum- Number age Amount
age Num- Number age Amount
age
ber of on pay change of pay change ber of on pay change of pay change
roll (1
rnll (~\
estab- roll Jan- from
from estab- roll Jan- from
ron
1,1
from
week)
week)
Delishlishuary
Deuary
DeDecem- January cem- ments
ments
1938
cem- January cem1938
1938
1938
ber
ber
ber
ber
1937
1937
1937
1937
South AtlanticContinued
106,145
133, 758
145, 359
74, 945
101, 659
43,835
—5.9
-7.9
-2.7
-1.9
-5.5
-3.8
Dollars
1,908,061 - 8 . 6
2, 751, 492 - 2 2 . 6
2, 057, 792 - 4 . 3
977, 832 - 5 . 4
1,428,382 - 9 . 8
718, 879 - 6 . 8
3,518
1,159
1,188
256, 767
77, 399
89, 345
73,832
16,191
-7.1
-4.8
-7.1
-9.5
-6.7
4, 259, 553
1, 470, 693
1,425,823
1,140,988
222, 049
-11.5
-11.9
-9.9
-13.7
-7.0
1,016
5,385
"790
210,021
28,500
44, 455
39,119
97,947
- 4 . 2 4,671,518
484,325
-5.0
-3.4
820, 254
-2.9
954, 925
-4.9 2,412,014
-4.5
-5.8
—3.8
-3.1
-5.1
1,280
- 1 2 . 1 3,015,011 -14.2
—10.4
518,194 - 1 0 . 0
-19.4
239, 644 - 1 8 . 1
-8.6
232,077 - 2 1 . 3
-13.8
971,444 - 1 5 . 0
132, 339 - 1 0 . 1
-5.0
-7.8
403, 994 - 7 . 6
-13.9
446,473 - 1 7 . 7
-5.1
70,846 - 1 4 . 6
580
86
60
40
186
34
38
117
19
31,616
4,188
2,033
1,622
13,180
10, 871, 663 - 7 . 5
2, 055, 748 - 8 . 2
1, 039, 517 - 5 . 2
7,776,398 -7.6
2,458
203,937
42, 258
23, 598
138,081
Virginia
West VirginiaNorth Carolina
South CarolinaGeorgia
Florida
1,998
1,127
1,249
East South Central. _
Kentucky
Tennessee
Alabama.. . .
Mississippi
West South CentralArkansas.
Louisiana
Oklahoma
Texas
Mountain
Montana
Idaho
Wyoming
Colorado .
New Mexico.._
Arizona
Utah..
Nevada
Manufacturing
687
1,272
924
777
394
908
12
1,227
2,460
3,977
665
442
301
1,145
2.85
436
556
147
119,353
17, 631
9,505
8,933
40, 209
6,383
15, 229
18, 843
2,620
Pacific
9,346 394,450
Washington.. __ 2,873
81,184
13
1, 297 42,077
Oregon
is 5,176 271,189
California
-7.6
-9.6
-7.5
-6.9
464
252
565
215
374
197
294
379
246
97
267
238
141
634
572
310
1,576
76,370 - 3 . 7
49, 214 - 1 1 . 7
135,495 - 1 . 6
68, 389 - 1 . 4
82,748 - 4 . 5
20,129 - 1 1 . 3
Dollars
1, 367,307
1, 011, 911
1, 896, 578
868,074
1, 052, 591
301,785
—6.$
-19.5
-3.9
-5.4
-10.5
-15.5
163, 328 - 7 . 1 2, 634,112 - 9 . 1
651, 219 - 3 . 3
32, 514 - 4 . 8
67,410 - 5 . 9 1,050,941 - 9 . 2
768,008 - 1 3 . 9
51, 277 - 1 0 . 5
12,127 - 4 . 5
163, 944 - 5 . 2
101,611
16,928
26, 272
11, 762
46,649
719
2,823
6,292
759
- 2 . 5 2,144,892
270,758
-6.6
-.8
438, 495
-.1
287,129
—2.4 1,148,510
-24.5
-24.9
-46.5
-25.9
-24.5
-6.5
-7.3
-23.4
-10.0
-2.6
-7.0
-1.2
+2.1
—3.2
789,402
111, 363
44,242
52,115
320, 868
12, 744
72, 055
154,715
21, 300
-22.8
-22.1
-43.5
-22.7
-22.6
-4.1
-5.4
-24.5
-14.0
- 6 . 5 5,257, 774
- 8 . 0 1,011,717
540,452
—7.8
-5.8 S, 705,605
-8.5
-7.2
-5.5
-9.2
1 Includes banks and trust companies, construction, municipal, agricultural, and office employment,
amusement
and recreation, professional services, and trucking and handling.
2
Includes laundering and cleaning, and water, light, and power.
3
Includes
laundries.
4
Weighted percentage change.
8
Includes
automobiles, and miscellaneous services, restaurants, and building and contracting.
6
Includes construction but not public works.
7
Does
not
include logging.
8
Less than Mo of 1 percent.
9
Includes financial institutions, miscellaneous services, and restaurants.
i°
Weighted percentage change including hired farm labor.
11
Includes automobile dealers and garages, and sand, gravel, and building stone.
12
Includes
business and personal service.
13
Includes banks, insurance, and office employment.
INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT IN PRINCIPAL
METROPOLITAN AREAS
A comparison of employment and pay rolls in December 1937 and
January 1938 is made in table 9 for 13 metropolitan areas which had a
population of 500,000 or over in 1930. Cities within these areas, but
having a population of 100,000 or over are not included as data concerning them are tabulated separately and are available on request.
Footnotes in the table indicate which cities are excluded. The figures
28
represent reports from cooperating establishments and cover both
full- and part-time workers in the manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries presented in table 4, with the exception of building
construction, and include also miscellaneous industries.
TABLE 9.—Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments in
December 1937 and January 1938, by Principal Metropolitan Areas
Number
of establishments
Metropolitan area
New York *
Chicago 2
Philadelphia 3
Detroit, Mich.__
Los Angeles 4
_ _
Cleveland, Ohio
St. Louis, Mo
_
Baltimore, Md
Boston5
___
Pittsburgh, Pa
_
_
San Francisco 6
Buffalo, N . Y _ ___
Milwaukee, Wis
Number
on payroll
January
1938
Percentage
change
from
December
1937
Amount of
pay roll
(1 week)
January
1938
Percentage
change
from
December
1937
13,908
4,299
1,936
1,583
2,640
569,631
443,205
181, 755
255,056
142, 988
-8.9
-5.7
-6.3
-19.0
-7.2
$15,034,181
11, 869, 653
4, 721, 939
6,752, 747
3,929, 592
-7.9
-6.6
-9.3
-26.4
-7.0
1,672
1,443
1,130
1,660
1,033
117, 869
117,819
95, 279
103, 713
184, 615
-12.2
-7.4
-8.9
-8.8
-7.8
2, 810,092
2, 751,351
2,146,097
2, 759,983
4,018,121
-15.1
-6.2
-9.9
-7.1
-16.8
1,555
769
1,068
78, 445
52, 632
95, 798
-7.8
-9.2
-8.5
2, 263,479
1, 380, 620
2, 448, 583
-8.9
-8.1
-11.7
1 Does not include Elizabeth, Jersey City, Newark, or Paterson, N . J.; nor Yonkers, N . Y.
8
Does not include Gary, Ind.
Does not include Camden, N . J.
4
Does not include Long Beach, Calif.
6
Figures relate to city of Boston only.
6
Does not include Oakland, Calif.
3
Public
Employment
Employment created by the Federal Government includes employment in the regular agencies of the Government, employment on the
various construction programs wholly or partially financed by Federal
funds, and employment on relief-work projects.
Construction projects financed by the Public Works Administration
are those projects authorized by title II of the National Industrial
Recovery Act of June 16, 1933. This program of public works was
extended to June 30, 1937, by the Emergency Relief Appropriation
Act of 1935 and title II of the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of
1936. The First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, cited as the
Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1936, reappropriated unobligated funds originally made available under the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935 and authorized the use of $300,000,000
from funds on hand or received from the sale of securities. The Public
Works Administration was continued until July 1, 1939, by the
Public Works Administration Extension Act of 1937.
By authority of Public Resolution No. 11, Seventy-fourth Congress,
approved April 8, 1935, the President, in a series of Executive orders,
inaugurated a broad program of work to be carried out by 61 units
of the Federal Government. The Works Program was continued by
29
title II of the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, cited as the
Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1936, and was further continued by the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1937. Employment created by this program includes employment on Federal
projects and employment on projects operated by the Works Progress
Administration. Federal projects are those conducted by Federal
agencies which have received allotments from The Works Program
fund. Projects operated by the Works Progress Administration are
those projects conducted under the supervision of the Works Progress
Administration with the cooperation of States, cities, or counties.
The Civilian Conservation Corps, created in April 1933, was further
extended under the authority of the Emergency Relief Appropriation
Act of 1935. During the fiscal year 1937 the Civilian Conservation
Corps was continued from appropriations authorized by the First
Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936. Beginning with July 1, 1937,
the Civilian Conservation Corps was continued for 3 years by an act
of Congress.
EXECUTIVE SERVICE OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
Statistics of employment and pay rolls for the Executive service
of the Federal Government in December 1937 and January 1938 are
given in table 10.
TABLE 10.—Employment and Pay Rolls for the Executive Service of the U. S. Government, December 1937 and January 1938 1
[Subject to revision]
Employment
Item
January
1938
Entire service:
Total
P a y Rolls
PerDecem- centage
change
ber
1937 2
January
1938
December
Percentage
change
1937 2
811,481
890, 603
-8.9
$122, 861, 647
$137, 345,103
-10.5
686, 973
60, 741
758, 695
63, 579
-9.5
-4.5
107, 029, 046
8,162, 948
120, 521,886
8, 616,099
-11.2
-5.3
63, 767
68, 329
-6.7
7, 669, 653
8, 207,118
-6.5
113, 338
114,398
-.9
19,948, 315
20, 225, 313
-1.4
93, 707
13,877
94,125
14, 539
-.4
-4.6
16,980,052
2,109, 574
17,168,492
2,167, 090
-1.1
-2.7
5,754
5,734
+.3
858, 689
889, 731
-3.5
698,143
776, 205
-10.1
102, 913, 332
117,119, 790
-12.1
Regular appropriation
593, 266
Emergency appropriation
__ 46,864
Force-account (regular and emer58,013
gency)
664, 570
49,040
-10.7
-4.4
90,048,994
6,053, 374
103,353, 394
6,449,009
-12.9
-6.1
62, 595
-7.3
6,810, 964
7,317,387
-6.9
Regular appropriation
Emergency appropriation
Force-account (regular and emergency)
Inside the District of Columbia:
Total
Regular appropriation
__.
E mergency appropriation
Force-account (regular and emergency)
-_
Outside the District of Columbia:
Total
1 Data includes number of employees receiving pay during the last pay period of the month.
2 Revised.
30
The monthly record of employment in the executive service of the
United States Government from January 1937 to January 1938,
inclusive, is shown in table 11.
TABLE 11.—Employment in the Executive Service of the U. S. Government, by Months,
January 1937 Through January 1938 l
[Subject to revision]
Month
Outside
District
of Columbia
District
of Columbia
Total
Month
1937
January
FebruaryMarch
April
May.
June*
July* 2
August
District
of Columbia
Outside
District
of Columbia
Total
19S7— Continued
116,259
116,259
116, 535
116, 755
116, 274
111, 981
110,942
111, 301
713,924
710,462
713,047
718,884
724,247
758,841
738,428
731,830
830,183
826,721
829,582
835, 639
840, 521
870,822
849, 370
843,131
September 2
October 2
November 2_
December 2
Ill, 296
110,809
112,166
114, 398
725, 588
717,993
709,420
776,205
836,884
828,802
821, 586
890,603
1988
113,338
January
811.481
1 From June 1937 data include number of employees receiving pay during the last pay period of the month.
2 Revised.
CONSTRUCTION
PROJECTS FINANCED BY THE PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION
WORKS
Details concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
during January on construction projects financed by Public Works
Administration funds are given in table 12, by type of project.
TABLE 12.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed From Public Works
Administration Funds, January 1938 x
[Subject to revision]
Wage earners
Type of project
Maximum
number
employed2
Weekly
average
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Number of Average
man-hours earnings
worked
per
during
hour
month
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
Federal projects financed from N. I. R. A. funds
All projects
3 15,015
Building construction
Naval vessels
Public roads «
Reclamation
_
River, harbor, and flood control
Miscellaneous
2,684
3,685
(5)
1,869
2,032
241
13,696 $1,479,288
2,201
3,374
4.504
1,638
1,771
208
295,480
479,936
273,572
232,742
175,127
22,431
1,910,952 $0. 774
263,403
586, 219
553,118
279,779
204,004
24,429
1.122
.819
.495
.832
.858
.918
420,511
121,570
220,000
162,040
59,276
Non-Federal projects financed from N. I. R. A. funds
All projects
Building construction.
Railroad construction
Streets and roads..
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
_.
See footnotes at end of table.
13,743
11,433
$1,180,902
1,203.273
$0,981
$2,588,286
5,883
11
718
5,498
1,633
4,980
11
585
4,605
1,252
565,888
23
36,453
491,335
87,203
500,921
46
48,033
517,083
137,190
1.130
.500
.759
.950
.636
876,107
0
45,466
1,472,864
193,849
31
TABLE 12.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed From Public Works
Administration Funds, January 1938—Continued
Type of project
Maximum
number
employed
Weekly
average
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Number of Average
man-hours earnings
worked
per
during
hour
month
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
Projects financed from E. R. A. A. 1935, 1936, and 1937 funds •
All projects 7
67,967
55,056
$5,176,438
6,178,815
$0,838
$11,361,854
Building construction 7
Electrification
Heavy engineering
Reclamation
River, harbor, and flood control—Streets and roads
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
38,146
504
4,567
675
47
10,624
12,382
l,0?2
30,429
2,878,520
29,897
434,513
91,358
2,097
596,936
1,038,939
104,178
3,170,923
34,730
555,326
110,446
2,270
959,913
1,226,178
119,029
.908
.861
.782
.827
6,140,264
301,524
1,067,415
47,203
15,066
1,272,560
2,280,087
237,735
417
3,913
635
40
8,443
10,239
940
924
.622
.847
.875
i Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
* Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work.
3 Includes weekly average for public roads.
* Under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Public Roads.
8
Not available; weekly average included in total for all projects.
*7 These data are also included in separate tables covering projects financed by The Works Program.
Includes a maximum of 5,162 and an average of 4,158 employees working on low-cost housing projects
financed from E. R. A. A. 1935 funds who were paid $563,940 for 526,109 man-hours of labor. Material
orders in the amount of $463,440 were placed for these projects. These data are also included in separate
tables covering projects financed from The Works Program.
Federal construction projects for which data are included in tables
12 and 13 are financed by allotments made by the Public Works
Administration to the various agencies and departments of the Federal Government from funds provided under the National Industrial
Recovery Act. The major portion of the low-cost housing program
now under way, however, is financed by funds provided under the
Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935. The work is performed either by commercial firms which have been awarded contracts,
or by day labor hired directly by the Federal agencies.
Non-Federal projects are financed by allotments made by the Public Works Administration from funds available under either the
National Industrial Recovery Act, the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935, the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, or
the Public Works Administration Extension Act of 1937. Most of
the allotments have been made to the States and their political subdivisions, but occasionally allotments have been made to commercial
firms. In financing projects for the States or their political subdivisions from funds appropriated under the National Industrial Recovery
Act, the Public Works Administration makes a direct grant of not
more than 30 percent of the total labor and material cost. When
funds provided under the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of
1935, the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, or the Public
Works Administration Extension Act of 1937 are used to finance a
non-Federal project, as much as 45 percent of the total cost may be
furnished in the form of a grant. The remaining 55 percent or more
32
of the cost is financed by the recipient. When circumstances justify
such action, the Public Works Administration may provide the
grantee with the additional funds by means of a loan. Allotments
to commercial enterprises are made only as loans. All loans made by
the Public Works Administration carry interest charges and have a
definite date of maturity. Collateral posted with the Public Works
Administration to secure loans may be offered for sale to the public.
In this way a revolving fund is provided which enlarges the scope of
the activities of the Public Works Administration.
Commercial loans have been made, for the most part, to railroads.
Railroad work financed by loans made by the Public Works Administration falls under three headings: First, construction work in the
form of electrification, the laying of rails and ties, repairs to buildings, bridges, etc.; second, the building and repairing of locomotives
and passenger and freight cars in shops operated by the railroads;
and third, locomotive and passenger- and freight-car building in
commercial shops.
MONTHLY TREND
A summary of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
projects financed from Public Works Administration funds from July
1933 to January 1938, inclusive, is given in table 13.
TABLE 13.—Employment and Pay Rolls, July 1933 to January 1938, Inclusive, on
Projects Financed From Public Works Administration Funds *
[Subject to revision]
Year and month
Maximum
number of
wage earners 2
July 1933 to January 1938 3
July to December 1933
January to December 1934.__
January to December 1935 3_
January to December 1936 3_
January __.
FebruaryMarch
April
May
June
Pay-roll disbursements
Number of
man-hours
worked
$1, 060, 307, 639
1, 547,154, 280
Average
earnings
per hour
$0. 685
Value of material orders
placed
$1, 848,112,406
33, 244,066
308,393,662
270, 548,829
271, 331,937
62, 209, 479
523,484,012
392,127, 344
353,259,435
.534
.589
.768
75, 587, 773
* » 610,065, 389
6 439, 244,485
»432, 513,423
202,175
174,990
173, 574
192,201
206, 019
204, 098
15, 439,981
13, 796,390
13, 353,904
15,242,390
15, 850, 554
16,430, 649
18, 768, 676
16, 580,393
16,341, 250
19, 068. 352
19,984,975
20, 510,465
.823
.832
.817
.799
.793
.801
26,922, 308
19,390,733
20, 652,435
26,135,173
32, 077, 717
26,151, 770
198,483
187, 822
166,958
149, 564
121,102
104, 718
16,250,846
15,426, 466
14,309, 249
12,903, 311
10,959,110
8,989, 667
20,057,290
19,115,326
17,382,805
15, 551, 087
12,932, 502
10,487,849
.810
.807
.823
.830
.847
.857
24,945,172
25,714,152
23, 527,633
20,924,319
15,862,999
13, 453,492
1937 3
July
August
September..
October
November..
December..
19S8 3
January.
96, 725
9, 293,040
14,943,433
1 Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency
doing force-account work. Includes weekly average for public-roads projects.
3
Includes employees working on non-Federal projects financed from E. R. A. A. 1935 and 1936 funds and
low-cost housing projects financed from E. R. A. A. 1935 funds. Beginning with November 1937 data were
included on projects financed from E. R. A. A. 1937 funds. These data are also included in tables 14 and 16
covering projects financed by The Works Program. January figures include a maximum of 67,967 employees
and
a pay roll of $5,176,438.
4
Revised.
8
Includes orders placed by railroads for new equipment.
33
THE WORKS PROGRAM
A detailed record of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
on projects financed by The Works Program in January is shown in
table 14, by type of project.
TABLE 14.—Employment and Pay Rolls, on Projects Financed by The Works Program
January 1938 l
[Subject to revision]
Wage earners
Type of project
Maximum
Weekly
number average
employed
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Number of
man-hours Average
worked
earnings
during
per hour
month
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
Federal projects
All projects
_._
Building construction
_
_
Electrification
Forestry 3
_i
Grade-crossing elimination
Hydroelectric power plants 5
Plant, crop, and livestock conservation 3
Professional, 4technical, and clericalPublic roads
Reclamation
River, harbor, and flood control
Street and roads
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
$7, 973,494 15, 721, 606
157,827
141,359
$0. 507
$3, 599,854
41,980
417
8,262
6,732
2,757
37,471
352
7,186
5,300
2,473
2, 295,417
31, 448
352, 645
375, 203
69,190
3,966, 810
50, 917
841, 748
621,454
295, 232
.579
.618
.419
.604
.234
650, 633
31, 641
40,423
678,027
141, 382
13,126
5, 623
6,177
39,889
15,160
8,876
513
8,315
10,784
5,606
4,731
37,831
13, 924
7,675
450
7,576
560,813
424, 921
319, 780
2, 322, 284
822,833
267,048
20, 298
111,614
1 344,-502
621,001
533, 069
4, 563,097
1,315, 545
853, 083
58,630
656, 518
.417
.684
.600
.509
.625
.313
.346
.170
108, 278
87, 265
525. 317
1,025,885
182,035
83, 679
13,788
31, 501
P. W. A. projects financed from E. R. A. A. funds of 1935, 1936,
and 1937 6
All projects
Building construction
Electrification
__
Heavy engineering
Reclamation
River, harbor, and flood control
Streets and roads___
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
2 67, 967
55,056
38,146
504
4,567
675
47
10, 624
12, 382
1,022
30,429
417
3,913
635
40
8,443
10, 239
940
$5,176,438
2, 878, 520
29,897
434, 513
91, 358
2,097
596,936
1,038, 939
104,178
6,178,815
3,170, 923
34,730
555, 326
110, 446
2,270
959,913
1, 226,178
119,029
$0.838
$11,361, 854
.908
.861
.782
.827
.924
.622
.847
.875
6,140, 264
301, 524
1, 067,415
47, 203
15, 066
1, 272, 560
2, 280,087
237, 735
Projects operated by Works Progress Administration '
All projects..
1
2
*1,898,162
$92, 960, 662 182, 776,459
$0. 509
Unless otherwise noted data are for the month ending on the 15th.
Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work.
3 The data for the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, under plant, crop, and livestock conservation and the Bureau of Forest Service, undei forestry, are for the calendar me nth.
* These data are for projects operated under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Public Roads.
s These data are for projects under construction in Puerto Rico.
6
Includes data for 62,805 employees working on non-Federal projects and 5,162 employees working on
low-cost housing projects. These data are included in separate tables covering projects under the jurisdiction of P. W. A.
78 Data are for the calendar month. Not available by type of project.
Represents number of names on pay roll for week ending January 29, 1938.
• Data on a monthly basis are not available.
34
Statistics on employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
National Youth Administration work projects and Student Aid in
January are shown in table 15, by type of program.
TABLE 15.—Employment and Pay Rolls on National Youth Administration Projects
Financed by The Works Program, January 1938 l
[Subject to revision]
Number of
persons
employed
Monthly
pay-roll disbursements
Number of
man-hours
worked during month
Total
451,138
$4, 542, 724
13,839, 324
$0. 328
Work projects.
Student Aid—
144,797
306, 341
2, 549, 914
1, 992,810
6,896, 668
6, 942, 656
.370
.287
Type of program
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed during month
1
These data are for the calendar month.
2 Data not available on a monthly basis.
3 No expenditures for materials on this type of project.
MONTHLY TREND
Employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on projects financed
by The Works Program from the beginning of the program in July
1935 to January 1938, inclusive, are given in table 16.
TABLE 16.—Employment and Pay Rolls, July 1935 to January 1938, Inclusive, on
Projects Financed by The Works Program 1
[Subject to revision]
Month and year
Maximum Pay-roll disnumber
employed bursements
Average
Number of earnings
man-hours
per
worked
hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
Federal projects
July 1935 to January 1938, inclusive 2
$429, 730, 952
904, 016, 370
$0. 475
$286, 441, 003
34,813, 554
234, 065,335
77, 558, 683
515, 733, 359
.449
.454
34, 358 011
147, 745,408
328,867
267, 525
249, 690
254, 524
266, 686
284, 893
15, 652,964
13, 024,133
12, 504, 895
13, 432, 725
14,154, 856
14, 794, 640
32, 084, 351
27, 260, 313
25, 666, 281
26, 680, 307
27,170, 573
28,754,978
.488
.478
.487
.503
.521
.515
7, 595, 246
6, 874,851
7, 356, 372
6,901, 508
7, 563, 201
8, 608,759
262, 487
207,331
193,114
192, 631
184, 654
186,133
12, 799, 774
12, 004, 981
11,500,978
11, 452, 256
10,857, 382
10,173,186
24, 371, 372
21, 623, 626
20, 583, 498
20, 335, 431
19,511,587
19, 720, 376
.525
.555
.559
.563
.556
.516
7, 041, 736
6, 929, 085
5, 566, 224
6, 261,009
5,193, 777
4,845,962
157,827
7,973, 494
15, 721, 606
.507
3,599,854
July to December 1935
January to December 1936..
January. _.
FebruaryMarch
April
May
June
1937
July
August
September..
October
November..
December..
1938
January.
See footnotes at end of table.
35
TABLE 16.—Employment and Pay Rolls, July 1935 to January 1938, Inclusive* on
Projects Financed by The Works Program—Continued
[Subject to revision]
Month and year
Maximum Pay-roll disnumber
employed bursements
Average
Number of earnings
man-hours
per
worked
hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
P. W. A. projects financed from E. R. A. A. funds of 3935, 1936,
and 1937 4
July 1935 to January 1938, inclusive..
$237, 709,871
304, 567, 608
1.780
$436,914,363
1,132, 784
123,396,077
1, 718, 758
163, 682,866
.659
.754
2,095, 506
229, 999,173
131,153
115, 214
113,930
129,887
139, 561
141, 708
9, 346, 663
8,428, 606
8, 254, 306
9, 618, 255
10, 339,137
10,960,950
11, 390, 883
10, 212, 726
10,147,405
12, 027, 623
13, 049, 326
13, 655, 399
.821
.825
.813
.800
.792
.803
16, 361, 268
13, 543, 480
14, 486, 389
18, 563, 586
20, 996,436
18,813,454
139, 701
131, 547
114, 803
101, 864
80, 541
70, 228
10,811,528
10,183, 970
9, 309,180
8, 252, 933
6, 814, 004
5, 685,040
13, 339, 272
12,808, 735
11,411,949
10,100, 289
8,109, 553
6, 734, 009
.811
.795
.816
.817
.840
.844
18, 542, 402
19, 420. 304
16,065, 674
15, 681, 287
11, 445,172
9, 538,378
67,967
5,176,438
6,178,815
.838
11, 361, 854
July.to December 1935
January to December 1936..
January. _.
FebruaryMarch
April
.
May
._June
1937
July
August
September..
October
November..
December. _
January.
Projects operated by Works Progress Administration 5
July 1935 to January 1938, inclusive-
$3, 111, 582, 784 6,482, 588,379
1.480
238, 018, 075
570,184, 607
1, 592, 942, 964 3,432, 621, 686
.417
.464
July to December 1935
January to December 1936..
1937
January...
FebruaryMarch
April
May
June
2, 243, 545
2, 255, 067
2, 216, 499
2, 201, 404
2,133, 472
2,020, 218
115, 065,444
116, 256, 506
117,124, 860
114,004, 768
112,382,869
106,975,172
223, 245, 896
230,853,339
230,166,494
225, 291,463
217, 780, 857
205, 215, 318
.515
.504
.509
.506
.516
.521
July
August
SeptemberOctober
NovemberDecember. _
1,802, 659
1, 601, 054
1, 536, 029
1, 527, 604
1, 566, 697
1, 668, 085
92, 967, 642
82,861, 644
81, 250,907
81,486, 784
82, 714, 339
84, 570,148
177,161, 345
159,050, 326
153,858, 375
153, 731, 640
157, 792, 544
162,858,030
.525
.521
.528
.530
.524
.519
January
1,898,162
92,960, 662
182, 776,459
.509
6 $948,201, 876
1 Unless otherwise noted data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2 Since in November 1937, some reports were changed to a calendar-month basis, the total includes some
data for the period Oct. 16-31, 1937, which are not shown in the monthly figures. These data consist of
$525,799 in pay rolls and 1,260,029 man-hours.
3 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government agency4 doing force-account work.
These data are included in tables covering projects under the jurisdiction of the Public Works Administration. The data for January 1938, include 62,805 employees working on non-Federal projects and 5,162
employees
working on low-cost housing projects.
5
These data are for the calendar month and exclude both work projects and Student Aid projects of the
National
Youth
Administration, which appear in a separate table.
6
Data on a monthly basis are not available. This total represents expenditures through December
1937, and includes rentals and services and some sponsors' contributions. In the future, data will be presented
quarterly.
36
Table 17 shows the employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
on work projects of the National Youth Administration from January
1936 to January 1938, inclusive. Similar data for Student Aid are
shown from September 1935 to January 1938, inclusive.
TABLE 17.—Employment and Pay Rolls From Beginning of Program Through January
1938 on National Youth Administration Projects Financed by The Works Program l
[Subject to revision]
Month and year
Number of Pay-roll dispersons
employed bursements
Number of
man-hours
worked
Value of
material
orders
placed
Average
earnings
per hour
Work projects
$64,034,863
January 1936 to January 1938, inclusive.
January to December 1933
1937
January
February.
March
April
May
June
July
August
September..
October
November..
December..
January.
1938
28,883, 589
169,816,818
75, 827,
$0.377
799
.381
184, 807
189, 298
191, 583
192,132
184, 556
172, 816
3,087,288
3, 244, 612
3,225,694
3,190, 767
3,106,114
2, 920,141
8,
8,
8,
8,
8,
7,
220, 880
745, 281
727,263
679,905
361,816
794, 377
.376
.371
.370
.368
.371
.375
149. 836
133,111
127, 219
122, 827
126, 852
137, 929
2, 491, 265
2, 347, 639
2,192, 605
2,165, 339
2, 232,473
2, 397, 423
6, 567,200
6,109, 319
5,832,949
5, 723, 700
5, 953, 231
6, 376, 430
.379
.384
.376
.378
.375
.376
144, 797
2, 549,914
2
$5, 549,074
.370
Student Aid
September 1935 to January 1938, inclusive
$58, 233, 433
September to December 1935.
January to December 1936
194, 736,
260
$0. 299
6,363, 503
25,888, 559
19, 612, 976
85, 424, 616
.324
.303
January. _.
February..
March
April
May
June
417,064
427, 396
440, 382
440,823
424,117
249,175
2,967, 461
3, 227, 243
3, 315, 595
3,339, 376
3,641, 529
1,992, 288
10, 214,889
11,136, 339
11,452,356
11, 574,122
12, 453, 598
6, 441, 372
.291
.290
.290
.289
.292
.309
July*
August
September..
October
November..
December.,
35
30,879
237,307
283,269
288,131
141
139,188
1, 549, 634
1, 976. 864
1,839, 242
730
555,283
5, 388, 717
6, 838, 994
6, 699, 612
.193
.251
.289
.275
306,
1, 992,
6,942, 656
.287
1938
January.
341
810
1 Data are for a calendar month.
2 Data on a monthly basis are not available. This total represents expenditures through December 1937
and includes rentals and services and some sponsors' contributions. In the future, data will be presented
quarterly.
3
No expenditures for materials on this type of project.
4
No aid given to students during this month.
37
CIVILIAN CONSERVATION CORPS
Statistics concerning employment and pay rolls in the Civilian
Conservation Corps in December 1937 and January 1938 are presented
in table 18. The Civilian Conservation Corps is usually regarded as
a part of The Works Program, although it is now financed by a
separate appropriation.
TABLE 18.—Employment and Pay Rolls in the Civilian Conservation Corps, December
1937 and January 1938 l
[Subject to revision]
Number of employees
Group
January
1938
December
1937
Amount of pay rolls
January
1938
December
1937
All groups
335,244
338, 217
$15,444, 234
2 $15,824, 325
Enrolled personnel 3_.
Reservei officers
Nurses
Educational advisers 4 . i
Supervisory and technical
290, 228
5,289
282
1,596
37,849
291, 656
5,501
281
1,642
39,137
9, 060, 949
1, 396,037
28, 976
254, 987
4, 703, 285
9,183,358
1,470, 721
29,365
278, 048
4,862,833
1 Date on number of employees refer to employment on last day of month. Amounts of pay rolls are for
the entire month.
23 Revised.
January data include 4,207 enrollees and pay roll of $89,854; December 4,221 enrollees and pay roll of
$100,631
outside continental United State?.
4
Included in executive service, tables 10 and 11.
Employment and pay-roll data for the Civilian Conservation Corps
are collected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics from the War Department, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Commerce,
and the Department of the Interior. The monthly pay of the enrolled personnel is $30 per month. Assistant leaders, not to exceed
10 percent of the total number of enrollees, may receive up to $36
per month, and leaders, not to exceed 6 percent, may receive up to
$45 per month.
Monthly statistics of employment and pay rolls in the Civilian
Conservation Corps from January 1937 to January 1938, inclusive,
are given in table 19.
38
TABLE 19.—Employment and Pay Rolls in the Civilian Conservation Corps, by Months,
January 1937 Through January 1938 l
[Subject to revision]
Month
January
February
March
Aoril
May__
June
July
August
Number of
employees
1937
__.
407, 723
394, 521
307,336
369, 309
323,626
348, 779
327, 360
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Number of
employees
Month
$18, 650, 537
18,314, 594
15,770,090
17, 502, 905
16, 719, 019
16,085,832
16,851,511
16,380, 024
1987— Continued
September
October
November
December
January
1938
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
289,167
363, 256
350,714
338, 217
$14,950, 554
15, 622,911
16,335,299
215,824,325
335, 244
15,444,234
1
Data on number of employees refer to employment on last day of month. Amounts of pay rolls are for
entire month.
2 Revised.
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS FINANCED BY RECONSTRUCTION FINANCE
CORPORATION
Statistics of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation in January are presented in table 20, by type of project.
TABLE 20.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by the Reconstruction
Finance Corporation, by Type of Project, January 1938 l
[Subject to revision]
Number of
wage earners 2
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Number of
man-hours
worked
during
month
All projects
3,739
$549,058
613,079
Building construction
Water and sewerage. _
Miscellaneous
271
3,250
218
22, 361
505, 934
20, 763
25, 707
556,976
30,396
Type of project
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
$1, 030, 611
.870
.908
.683
26,931
997,155
6,525
1 Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor.
Includes 113 employees; pay-roll disbursements of $9,991; 7,884 man-hours worked; and material orders
placed during the month of $21,585 on projects financed by RFC Mortgage Co.
2
3
A monthly summary of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours
worked on construction projects financed by the Reconstruction
Finance Corporation from April 1934 to January 1938, inclusive, is
given in table 21.
39
TABLE 21.—Employment
and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by the Reconstruction
Finance Corporation, April 1934 Through January 1938 l
fSubject to revision]
Month
Number
of wage
earners 2
Monthly
pay-roll disbursements
Number of
man-hours
worked during month
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders placed
during month
1934
April
May
June
18,872
19,513
19,168
$1, 523, 598
1, 655,115
1,677,042
2,323,324
2,372,461
2, 320,844
$0.656
.698
.723
$2,357,379
2,073, 564
2,149,096
July
August
September..
October
November
December.
17, 721
17,491
17,260
17, 561
16,753
14,476
1, 623, 786
1, 710,083
1, 667,983
1,595,435
1, 670,674
1,328,825
2,169,357
2,301, 673
2,241,027
2,168,069
2, 272,424
1,853,529
.749
.743
.744
.736
.735
.717
2,235,925
2,033,663
2,163,216
1,835,658
2,179,104
1,755,530
11,848
11,958
11, 755
12, 811
13,107
14,160
1,097,128
1,140,814
1,057,878
1, 234,159
1,335,269
1,375,560
1, 545,679
1,581,857
1,486,649
1,703, 249
1, 825.415
1,881,011
.710
.721
.712
.725
.731
.731
3,994,884
4,127,521
1,117,867
1, 596,797
1,429,203
4,023,752
10, 553
10,447
10,437
11,625
13,278
12,250
1,095,486
1,140,224
1,066,722
1,161,212
1,333,5Q9
1,245, 488
1,476, 215
1,529,372
1,403,765
1,547,995
1,809,285
1,
.742
.746
.760
.750
.737
.738
1, 507,618
1,329,138
1,025,379
1,237,833
1,437,016
1,489,744
January
February
March
April
May
June
12,045
12,368
12,567
14,955
16,350
12,916
1,230,015
1,330,185
1,323,107
1,607,736
1,503,447
1,340,157
1,615,857
1,767,761
1,743,784
2,141,248
2,020,521
1,783,033
.761
.752
.759
.751
.744
.752
1,387,927
1,619,293
1,681,811
1,308,183
1,516,658
3,818,223
July
August
September...
October
November.
December...
11.608
10,451
11,185
11,191
11,142
10,370
1,244,358
1,176,042
1, 212, 870
1,233,994
1, 278,221
1,237,692
1,676,439
1,591,396
1,684,258
1,676,111
1,744,721
1, 698,949
.742
.739
.720
.736
.733
.729
2, 582,720
1,405,739
1, 641,645
2,125 902
3,219,109
1,4
"
9,934
9,283
9,005
8,832
7,482
5,742
1,117,933
1,077,135
1,067,392
1,114,362
955,072
778,429
1,526,695
1,453,117
1,367,163
1,402,443
1,186,052
915,335
.732
.741
.781
.795
.805
.850
2, 541,231
1,238,932
1,707,821
1,072,462
943,026
935,090
5,120
4,743
3,999
4,541
4,565
3,977
656, 552
645,836
527,076
589, 217
625,719
554,040
761,321
753,381
618, 879
691,767
733,981
642,377
.862
.857
.852
.852
.853
.862
656,049
1,688,550
839,099
952,408
3,227, 200
500,582
3,739
549,058
613,079
1935
January
February
March
AprilMay..
June
July
August
September.
October
November
December
—
-
1936
1937
January
February
March
April
May
June..
.-
July
August
September
October
November
December.
January
1938
1
Includes projects financed by R F C Mortgage Co. Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
from April 1934 through December 1937.
2 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month.
1,030,611
Revised
40
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS FINANCED FROM REGULAR FEDERAL
APPROPRIATIONS
When a construction contract is awarded or force-account work is
started by a Department or agency of the Federal Government, the
Bureau of Labor Statistics is immediatly notified, on forms supplied
by the Bureau, of the name and address of the contractor, the amount
of the contract, and the type of work to be performed. Blanks are
then mailed by the Bureau to the contractor or Government agency
doing the work. These reports are returned to the Bureau and show
the number of men on pay rolls, and the amounts disbursed for pay,
the number of man-hours worked on the project, and the value of the
different types of materials for which orders were placed during the
month.
The following tables present data concerning construction projects
for which contracts have been awarded since July 1, 1934. The Bureau
does not have statistics covering projects financed from regular
Federal appropriations for which contracts were awarded previous to
that date.
Data concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
construction projects financed from regular Federal appropriations
during January are given in table 22, by type of project.
TABLE 22,—Employment on Construction Projects Financed From Regular Federal
Appropriations, by Type of Project, January 1938 1
[Subject to revision]
Number of wage earners
Type of project
All projects..
Building construction:
Nonrebidential
Residential
Electrification:
Rural Electrification
Administration projects 4
Other than R. E. A. projects..
Forestry
Heavy engineering
Public roads 5
Reclamation
River, harbor, and flood control:
Dredging, dikes, revetments,
etc
__.
Locks and dams
Ship construction:
Naval vessels
Other than naval vessels
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
Maximum
number
employed 2
3153,864
Weekly
average
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
141,693 $15,705,838
Value of
Number of
man-hours Average material
orders
worked
earnings
during
per hour placed during month
month
21,447,213
$0. 732
$21,517,638
18, 753
529
15,370
501
1,618.837
29, 957
1, 719, 550
76,156
.941
2,513, 776
138,230
6,695
136
244
81
(6)
10, 921
5,474
91
242
56
33, 479
10, 519
416, 879
3,462
10, 456
10,831
2, 980, 260
1, 301,106
747,357
5,920
27, 429
7,275
5,175,146
1, 614, 998
.558
.585
.381
1. 489
.576
1,987,867
3,719
3,973
1,281
4,967,099
1,140,125
27, 618
8,159
23, 226
7,199
2, 396, 111
830, 839
3, 751, 700
1,129, 664
.639
.735
2, 450,087
1, 734, 249
41, 628
63
3,532
159
1,867
40, 734
53
3,293
120
1,336
5, 792, 243
9,096
201,812
8,697
95, 252
6, 673, 594
7,951
3C4, 469
9,239
136, 765
1.144
.554
.941
6, 281, 584
1,000
190,187
31, 268
73,193
*2 Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency
doing force-account work.
3
Includes weekly average for public roads.
4
Financed
by Rural Electrification Administration loans.
5
Under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Public Roads.
6
Not available; weekly average included in total for all projects.
41
Employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on construction
projects financed from regular Federal appropriations from August
1934 to January 1938, inclusive, are shown by months in table 23.
TABLE 23.—Employment on Construction Projects Financed From Regular Federal
Appropriations, August 1934 Through January 1938 1
[Subject to revision]
Month and year
August
September
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
1934
_.
1986*
1937
July..
August
September
October
November
December
January
Number of
man-hours
Average
w o r k e d during m o n t h
earnings
per
hour
Value of material orders
placed during month
13, 883
21, 256
22, 304
21, 940
$566,172
731, 074
1, 038,800
1, 201, 728
1, 229, 628
1,085,013
1, 298, 569
1,844,834
2, 242, 075
2, 250, 960
$0. 522
.563
.563
.536
.546
$479, 376
826, 404
1, 344. 439
3, 532, 778
2,146, 697
18, 332
17,853
19, 320
24, 739
28,404
31, 564
1,028, 221
1,000,894
1,133, 467
1, 531, 692
1,900, 704
2, 221,146
1, 798, 750
1, 728, 386
1, 868,181
2, 441, 807
2, 910, 551
3, 327, 904
.572
.579
.607
.627
.653
.667
3, 592,180
3,012,192
3, 312, 555
3,129,055
3,170,610
3,675,064
33, 328
44, 411
54, 590
72,199
75,364
66,890
2,378,104
3,095, 352
3, 601, 064
4, 737, 228
4,686, 945
4, 331, 437
3, 607, 924
4, 905, 620
5,831, 784
7, 760,852
7, 706, 479
7,022, 310
.659
.631
.617
.610
.608
.617
3, 939,625
5,065, 532
6, 342, 745
8,170, 585
8, 083, 725
7, 521, 365
55,006
48, 344
53,018
65, 594
83,026
110, 922
4,470,005
3, 791,133
4,105, 920
5, 721,847
6, 356, 227
9, 732, 997
7,138, 479
5, 968, 311
6, 449,433
9, 217, 472
10,482, 502
14, 983,043
.626
.635
.637
.621
.606
.650
148, 569
166, 769
171, 697
177,185
171,463
152,465
14, 328, 371
15, 261, 340
15, 312,179
17,075, 574
15, 535,153
14, 302,183
21, 706, 730
22, 947,833
23,143, 640
25, 771,876
22, 889,856
20,327, 501
.660
.665
.662
.663
.679
.704
6, 631, 325
7, 641, 405
8,420, 221
11,321,197
11, 591, 245
14, 555, 306
25, 709, 624
19, 662, 652
18, 673, 229
19, 550, 680
19, 754,019
14, 331,074
119,853
112, 770
120,175
132, 639
160, 346
177, 265
11,857,007
10, 904, 648
11,847,783
13, 855, 633
15, 278, 529
16, 980,060
16, 506, 278
14, 735,028
16, 280, 905
19, 545, 518
21,858,124
24, 532, 459
.718
.740
.728
.709
.699
.692
11, 729, 532
13, 613, 251
12,820, 438
15, 572,168
18, 508, 278
19, 574, 535
193, 695
204,174
206, 663
218, 347
211,004
180, 594
19, 599, 384
19, 571, 849
21. 667, 700
20, 911, 266
20, 303, 903
17,162, 379
29, 236, 412
28, 396,014
31,476, 926
29, 940, 767
28, 858, 259
23, 964,127
.670
.689
.688
.698
.704
.716
24,485,499
29, 665, 521
31,993,137
24, 400, 381
23, 858,860
23,897,187
153,864
15, 705,838
21,447, 213
.732
21, 517, 638
1935*
July....
August
September
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
3
July
August
September
October
November
December...
January
February...
March
April
May__
June
Number
of wage
earners 2
1938
1
Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency
doing force-account work. Includes weekly average for public roads.
3
Revised.
42
STATE-ROADS PROJECTS
A record of employment and pay-roll disbursements in the construction and maintenance of State roads from January 1937 to January
1938, inclusive, is presented in table 24.
TABLE 24.—Employment on Construction and Maintenance of State Roads, January
1937 Through January 1938 l
[Subject to revision]
Number of employees working on 2 —
Month
New roads
January
February
March..
April..
May.. _
June
July
August
September
October
November
December..- _
Maintenance
Total
Total pay
roll
1987
_
_
.
_.
.
.
.
15,622
11, 706
11,802
13,164
17, 241
19, 382
117, 576
120, 786
119,046
124, 761
159,167
148, 392
133,198
132, 492
130, 848
137, 925
176, 408
167, 774
$8, 387,864
8, 560, 561
8, 333, 600
9,108,030
10,850, 394
11,069, 510
25,140
28, 379
26, 632
27, 280
29,491
23, 825
149, 907
160,143
167,028
160, 045
163,182
146, 340
175,047
188, 522
193, 660
187, 325
192, 673
170,165
11,998,370
12, 815, 790
12,843,370
12,134,860
12, 776, 701
10, 377,340
15, 394
126, 565
141,959
9, 577,200
1938
January
1 Excluding employment furnished by projects financed from Public Works Administration and Works
Progress Administration funds. Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2
Monthly average.
MATERIAL ORDERS PLACED
During the year 1937 the value of orders placed for materials on
P. W. A. projects, projects of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation,
projects financed from regular Federal appropriations, Federal construction projects under The Works Program, and projects operated
by the W. P. A. totaled $864,990,000. Iron and steel products
accounted for $194,504,000 of the total, machinery for $148,410,000,
cement for $79,950,000, and forest products for $66,045,000.
On projects of the Public Works Administration orders were placed
for materials valued at approximately $275,758,000. Of this amount
$80,159,000 was expended for iron and steel products, $20,505,000 for
forest products, $20,159,000 for cement, and $41,691,000 for machinery.
Material orders placed on projects financed from regular Federal
appropriations amounted to $250,119,000, on projects operated by
W. P. A. to $242,961,000, on Federal construction projects under
The Works Program to $79,849,000, and on projects of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation to $16,302,000.
The value of material orders placed on construction projects financed
by Federal funds in 1937 is presented in table 25.
43
TABLE 25.—Value of Material Orders Placed on Construction Projects Financed byFederal Funds for the Year 1937 *
[Subject to revision]
Projects
Total
Type of material
All materials
Public
Works Administration 2
Reconstruction
Finance
Corporation 3
Regular
Federal
appropriations 4
Federal
construction under
The Works
Program
$864,989,680 $275,757,903 $16, 302, 450 $250,118,787 $79, 849,165 $242, 961, 375
Textiles and their products. __ 6 24, 513, 668
925, 587
4,108
264, 410
84, 378
Awnings, tents, canvas, etc
Carpets and rugs
Cordage and twine.
Cotton goods
Felt goods
Jute goods
Linoleum. _
Sacks and bags_
Upholstering materials, not
elsewhere classified
Waste
_...
84,837
26,653
95,052
21,197
33,280
22,073
848,127
119, 508
26,878
24,661
22.163
11,501
24,611
16,678
755,989
32,232
1,925
1,854
98
231
33, 811
127
58, 772
8,454
4,220
1,843
62, 630
83, 621
22, 223
11
14,019
1,011
4,449
3,552
29, 508
3,655
10 435
17,321
8 564
2,310
1,630
9,302
241
5,709
66,045,001
20,505,074
342, 983
11, 317,609
7,891, 567
169,8C0
119,401
85
40,834
9,480
30,484,115
9,1*. 0,339
13, 986,434
6, 210, 501
298,671
43, 892
9, 729, 571
1, 504,815
6, 469,439
1,411,131
Forest products
6
Cork products
Lumber and timber products,
net elsewhere classified
Planing-mill products
Window and door screens and
weatherstrip
232, 979
188, 738
335
42, 389
1,517
Chemicals and allied products. 613,856, 991
2, 789,153
234,335
1, 689, 504
1, 625,897
Ammunition and related
products
48,122
206,104
Chemicals, miscellaneous . _
Compressed and liquefied
gases
277,415
2, 761, 014
Explosives.
7, 541, 764
Paints and varnishes _ _
Stone, clay, and glass products.6241,130,999
Asbestos products, not elsewhere classified
Brick, hollow tile, and other
clay products
Cement
Concrete products
Crushed stone
._
Glass...
_.
Lime
Marble, granite, slate, and
other stone products.
Minerals and earths, ground
or otherwise treated
Sand and gravel
Tiling, floor and wall, and
terrazzo
Wall plaster, wall board, insulating board, andfloorcomposition
Iron and steel and their products, not including machinery
_
Bolts, nuts, washers, etc.
Cast-iron pipe and fittings
Doors, shutters and window
sash and frames, molding
and trim (metal)
Forgings, iron and steel
Hardware, miscellaneous
Heating and ventilating
equipment
See footnotes at end of table.
Operated
by
W.P.A.o
6
48 122
83,869
99
54, 984
67,152
73,005
916,085
1, 668,072
38,890
187,108
8,238
66, 310
973, 583
594,627
99 210
684, 238
775, 297
75,868,717
4, 391, 531
'
63,345,090
6 23, 235,185
6 25,987,768
e 7, 518,102
4,495, 530
19, 771, 281 6 77, 754, 380
87,156
61,896
1,157
16,112
7,991
26, 683,833
79,950,418
28, 554, 994
27, 915, 354
1, 575, 931
170,130
14, 111, 089
20,159,192
13, 930,143
3,843, 961
1, 219, 568
142, 553
65, 728
3,694, 949
19, 393
14,199
6,347
48
1, 733,641
28, 461, 966
1, 532, 317
9,882,091
253, 763
16,449
879,962
8 042 605
2, 695,698
1, 957, 216
96, 253
11,080
11,932, 668
6, 400, 976
2,754
4, 719,815
809,123
93,180
46, 841, 278
80, 574
10,659, 957
562, 754
12, 327
15,656, 746
279
4, 618,809
2,883,698
2, 008,072
8,807
501, 392
365,427
4, 111, 440
3, 250, 736
15, 395
558,471
286,838
194,504,177
80,159, 283
5, 428,127
44, 476,138
21, 748,988
6 42,691, 641
1, 958, 755
25, 508,817
899, 253
10,275,678
24, 991
98,901
707, 503
1, 348,021
327,008
792, 341
12, 993,876
8, 306, 785
3,124,054
7, 245,960
5, 510, 219
728, 514
4,121,834
11,311
8,932
299, 559
2, 643,881
2,049, 604
1, 504,173
150, 374
337,004
1, 320,394
18, 519,836
12, 749,942
41, 313
2, 521,138
431,107
9, 893,413
19 591,706
10, 377,443
12,217,887
15, 343,012
2,776,336
44
TABLE 25.—Value of Material Orders Placed on Construction Projects Financed by
Federal Funds for the Year 1937—Continued
Projects
Type of material
Total
Nails and spikes
Rail fastenings, excluding
spikes
Rails, steel
Springs, steel
Steel works and rolling-mill
products, not elsewhere
classified
Stoves and ranges, other than
electric
Structural and reinforcing
steel
Switches, railway
...
Tools, other than machine
tools
Wire products, not elsewhere
classified
Wrought pipe
Nonferrous metals and their
products
Aluminum manufactures
Copper products
Lead products
Nonferrous-metal alloys and
products, not elsewhere
classified
Sheet-metal work
Zinc products
Machinery, not including
transportation equipmentElectrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies
Elevators and elevator equipment
Engines, turbines, tractors,
and waterwheels
Foundry and machine shop
products, not elsewhere classified. _.
Machine tools
Meters (gas, water, etc.) and
gas generators
Pumps and pumping equipment.
Refrigerators and refrigerating
and ice-making apparatus...
Transportation equipment—
air, land, and water
Aircraft (new)
Boats, steel and wooden
(small) ...
Carriages and wagons
Locomotives, other than
steam
Locomotives, steam
Motor vehicles, passenger
Motor vehicles, trucks
Miscellaneous
.
Belting, miscellaneous
Coal
Creosote
Electric wiring and fixtures...
Furniture, including store and
office fixtures
See footnotes at end of table.
Public
Works Administration
Reconstruction
Finance
Corporation
Regular
Federal
appropriations
Federal
construc- Operated
by
tion under
The Works W. P. A.
Program
$954,090
$460,414
$4,938
$160, 286
$328,452
65,678
707, 325
881
49, 274
462, 583
335
2,240
10, 336
11,636
225, 293
2,528
9,113
546
25,800, 541
11, 228,419
3,123,904
8,443, 791
3, 004,427
412,857
406, 579
100
572
5,606
77, 266, 465
6,267
29, 658, 963
5,582
1, 696,138
21,161,429
13, 505, 557
685
$11,244,378
3,035,642
4, 780,471
225,848
4,229
958,837
555, 915
4,834, 500
2, 369, 486
1,462,065
1, 922, 781
37,057
64,178
2,427,081
312,893
908, 297
69, 634
6 6, 663, 713
3,189, 872
30, 274
1,475,996
712,484
457, 332
609, 205
180,845
204,112
428, 376
127,853
22, 893
10
248, 726
141,176
49, 946
4,494
16, 760
3,036
1,351,084
2, 799, 093
11, 067
548,151
1, 877,444
3,936
5,472
1,888
11
772, 686
257, 029
6, 433
24, 775
662, 732
687
6148,409,695
41, 690,745
4, 349, 667
82, 085, 093
9,138, 721
41,8*13, 669
11, 693,099
1,375,653
25, 674, 562
3, 070, 355
4, 575,849
2, 577, 531
64,395
1,870, 342
63, 581
22,435, 360
3,521, 590
77,380
17, 584, 991
1, 251,399
62,099, 255
1,415,405
18, 931,808
478,804
2,819, 741
2,815
31, 232, 227
762, 329
4,013,173
9,683
4, 796, 506
8,455
61, 255,087
6 11,145,469
5,102,306
171, 457
287, 681
277, 495
7,940, 324
2, 584, 664
1, 798,989
1, 625, 754
155,681
2,490,687
480,912
882, 798
832, 793
122,941
709 852
79,417
17,461
19, 031
11,321
52, 765
1,639
7,621
4,501
34,800
23, 550
191, 047
1,311,619
34,800
23, 550
3,654
265,615
4,940
11,154
23, 603
94,939
158,850
551,316
388, 595
167,374, 749
50,148, 560
1, 505, 331
44, 582,149
18,153, 561
52, 985,148
16, 821
1,659, 746
12,476
24, 740, 867
10, 229
138, 749
5,424
10, 977,640
960
6,180
139, 655
4,812
2,302,704
977,658
159, 577
412
402, 724
2,240
11,300, 946
11, 218,323
7, 650, 610
9,413
284, 327
64,349
3, 209, 624
16, 094
1,731
549,471
17, 554
722? 288
388, 595
45
TABLE 25.— Value of Material Orders Placed on Construction Projects Financed by
Federal Funds for the Year 1937—Continued
Projects
Type of material
Instruments, professional and
scientific
Mattresses and bed springs
Models and patterns
Paper products
Paving materials and mixtures, not elsewhere classified
Petroleum products
Photographic apparatus and
materials
Plumbing supplies, not elsewhere classified
Radio apparatus and supplies.
Roofing materials, not elsewhere classified
Rubber goods
Steam and other packing, pipe
and boiler covering, and
gaskets
Theatrical scenery and stage
equipment
Window shades and fixtures.__
Other materials
Total
Public
Works Administration
$301, 054
30,119
21, 820
59,830
$81,756
26, 976
20, 538
47, 522
29, 667, 663
28,161, 730
3, 551, 502
5,411,467
Reconstruction
Finance
Corporation
Federal
Regular
construcFederal
tion
under
appropria- The Works
tions
Program
$6, 073
$199
$213, 225
3,143
1,203
7,670
872
529, 266
3, 928,470
11,615,011
1,888, 726
4, 516, 555
Operated
by
W. P. A.
4,439
$20, 298,093
1,431
133, 380
56,127
1, 491
71,920
3,842
14, 606, 776
52, 355
8, 487, 656
26, 211
40, 009
1,880, 728
26,144
1, 321, 742
2, 876,641
3, 260, 251
1, 205, 293
2, 279,157
190, 347
14, 034
122, 607
417,881
114, 4S6
549,179
218, 597
559,246
1,013,522
799, 243
1,126
187, 633
25, 520
263, 892
256,117
50, 692, 714
263, 705
242, 287
9,881, 414
187
4,035
14,119, 941
9,795
7,091,314
625, 590
18,974, 455
1 This table includes certain items which are not actually construction materials, i. e., fuel, transportation
equipment, tools, furniture, etc.
2 Includes material orders placed on P . W. A. projects financed by the Emergency Relief Appropriation
Acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937.
3 Does not include material orders placed on projects for which contracts were awarded before Mar. 15,
1934. Includes projects financed by the R F C Mortgage Co.
4
Does not include material orders placed on projects for which contracts were awarded before July 1,1934.
5
Includes material orders placed to Dec. 31, 1937. Includes National Youth Administration projects.
6
Includes material orders placed for projects operated by W. P . A. which are not classified in detail.
The value of material orders placed on Federal professional, technical, and clerical projects financed by The Works Program, by type
of material, for the year 1937 is shown below.
TABLE 26.—Value of Material Orders Placed on Federal Professional, Technical, and
Clerical Projects Financed by The Works Program, for the Year 1937
[Subject to revision]
Type of material
Total
_„_
Computing machines
Furniture
Office supplies
Value of
material
orders
placed
Type of material
;8, 565
12,112
31,717
156,968
O
Stationery
Typewriters
Other office machines
Other materials
Rental of machinery and equipment
Value of
material
orders
placed
$31,023
9,419
27,12S
372, 687
247, 511
@FedFRASER