Full text of Employment and Payrolls : January 1934
The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.
Serial No. R. 79 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR FRANCES PERKINS, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS ISADOR LUBIN, Commissioner TREND OF EMPLOYMENT JANUARY 1934 By Industries: Pa*c Manufacturing Industries.............................................1-14 Non manufacturing In d u stries.................................... 14-19 Anthracite and Bituminous Coal Mining Metalliferous Mining Quarrying and Nonmetallic Mining Crude Petroleum Producing Public Utilities: Telephone and Telegraph Power and Light Electric Railroads Wholesale and Retail Trade Hotels Canning and Preserving Laundries Dyeing and Cleaning Banks, Brokerage, Insurance, and Real Estate Building Construction..................................................22-27 Public Works Projects................................................. 43-50 Public R o a d s ...............................................................50-51 Federal S e r v i c e .......................................................... 36-38 Class I Steam R ailroad s............................................. 38 By S t a t e s ............................................................................ 28-35 By C i t i e s ............................................................................ 36 Average Hours and Average Hourly Earnings.................. 19-22 Wage C h a n g e s ................................................................... 39-42 Prepared by Division of Employment Statistics LEWIS E. TALBERT, Chief UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1934 TREND OF EMPLOYMENT January 1934 HE Bureau of Labor Statistics of the United States Department of Labor presents herewith data compiled from pay-roll reports supplied by representative establishments in 89 of the principal manufacturing industries of the country and 16 nonmanufacturing industries, covering the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. Additional information is presented concerning employ ment on public-works projects, public roads, the Federal service, and class I steam railroads. T Employment in Selected Manufacturing Industries in January 1934 Comparison of Employment and Pay-Roll Totals in January 1934 with December 1933 and January 1933 M PLOYM ENT in manufacturing industries decreased 1.1 per cent in January 1934 as compared with December 1933 and pay rolls decreased 0.8 percent over the month interval. A comparison of employment in January 1934 with January 1933 shows that the employment index for January of the current year is 22.4 percent above the January 1933 employment index, while a similar compari son of the January 1934 pay-roll index with the January 1933 pay-roll index shows a gain of 38 percent in pay rolls over the year interval. The index of employment in January 1934 was 69.3, as compared with 70.1 in December 1933, 71.4 in November 1933, and 56.6 in January 1933; the pay-roll index in January 1934 was 49.4, as com pared with 49.8 in December, 50.3 in November 1933, and 35.8 in January 1933. The 12-month average for 1926 equals 100. These changes in employment and pay rolls in January 1934 are based on reports supplied by 17,808 establishments in 89 of the prin cipal manufacturing industries of the United States. These estab lishments reported 3,077,527 employees on their pay rolls during the E (1) 2 pay period ending nearest January 15, whose combined weekly earn ings were $55,611,536. The employment reports received from these cooperating establishments cover approximately 50 percent of the total wage earners in all manufacturing industries of the United States. Decreases in employment between December and January have been reported each year since 1923 with the exception of one year, 1925, in which a slight increase was reported, while pay-roll totals have decreased each year over this 10-year interval. The average change in employment in January over the 10-year period is a de crease of 1.4 percent and the average change in pay rolls over the same interval is a decrease of 4.6 percent. The decline in employ ment, therefore, between December 1933 and January 1934 is less than the average decline in the preceding 10 years and the current decrease in pay rolls is much smaller than any decline reported in January over the period 1923-1932. This decline of 1.1 percent in factory employment indicates the release of approximately 70,000 employees from gainful employment, while the decrease of 0.8 percent in pay-roll totals is equivalent to a decline of $883,000 in weekly disbursements in January 1934 as com pared with December 1933. Comparing the index of employment in January 1934 (69.3) with the index of employment in March 1933 (55.1), which was the low point recorded in the Bureau’s indexes, it is seen that employment has increased 25.8 percent over this 10-month interval. The January pay-roll index (49.4) shows an increase of 47.9 percent in pay rolls, compared with the March 1933 pay-roll index (33.4). Twenty-six of the 89 manufacturing industries surveyed monthly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported increased employment in January as compared with December and 33 industries reported in creased pay rolls over the month interval. Four of the 14 groups into which these manufacturing industries are classified showed gains in employment between December 1933 and January 1934. The most pronounced percentage increase over the month interval was in the transportation equipment group, in which an increase of 16.5 percent in employment was coupled with an increase of 21.4 percent in pay roll totals. The increases in employment and pay rolls in this group were due entirely to the expansion in the automobile industry which showed a gain of 21.5 percent in employment and 26.9 percent in pay rolls between December and January. The remaining industries in the transportation equipment group (shipbuilding, steam and electric car building, locomotives, and aircraft) reported decreases in both employment and pay rolls. The leather group, due chiefly to the increase of 6.6 percent in employment in the boot and shoe industry, 3 reported a gain of 5.1 percent and the chemicals group reported an increase in employment of 0.7 percent over the month interval. The textile group showed an increase of 0.3 percent in employment over the month interval, pronounced seasonal gains being shown in the women’s clothing and millinery industries. The woolen and worsted goods industry showed an increase of 2.4 percent and the cotton-goods industry reported an increase of 0.9 percent. The increase in the textile group was retarded to some extent by the effect of the hosiery code authority’s order of December 18 curtailing hosiery-mill oper ations. This curtailment was reflected in the decrease of 5.2 percent in employment and 19.7 percent in pay rolls in the knit-goods industry. In the remaining 10 groups, the most pronounced percentage decline in employment (12.4 percent) was shown in the tobacco-products group. The lumber group, due to sharp decreases in the sawmill, millwork, and furniture industries, showed a decrease of 8.3 percent in the number of workers between December and January. Employ ment in the food group declined 5 percent over the month interval, the beet sugar and confectionery industries reporting the usual large declines at this season of the year. The iron and steel group reported a falling-off of 4.2 percent in employment between December and January, the largest percentage declines being reported in the plumb ers’ supplies, steam fittings, and stove industries. The iron and steel industry reported a decrease of 2.9 percent. The stone-clay-glass products group reported a decrease of 3.5 percent, the brick, marble, and cement industries in this group reporting seasonal decreases. The nonferrous metal group reported a decline of 3.2 percent and the paper and printing group reported a loss of 2.2 percent in employment. The decrease of 2.1 percent in employment in the rubber-products group was due to a pronounced decline in the rubber boot and shoe industry and smaller decreases in the rubber tire and other rubber goods industries. The machinery group reported a decline of 1.9 percent in employment over the month interval, the most pronounced decline in this group being shown in the radio and phonograph industry (17.2 percent), while the textile machinery industry reported a de crease of 5 percent in employment. The agricultural implement in dustry continued its steady upward trend which began in June and the machine-tool industry reported a gain of one tenth of 1 percent, which, while small, continued the gains in employment which began in May of last year. The railroad repair shop group reported a loss of 1.2 percent. Two industries reported more than 100 percent increase over the year interval, the beverage industry, due largely to the legalization of beer manufacturing, reporting an increase of 121.7 percent in employ 4 ment and the radio industry reporting an increase of 114 percent. Additional industries reporting unusually large percentage gains in employment were as follows: Agricultural implements, 73; fertiliz ers, 69.3; machine tools, 65; iron and steel forgings, 62.9; glass, 56.9; typewriters and supplies, 56.4; engines, turbines, tractors, etc., 55.1; and textile machinery, 51. Other large percentage gains in industries of major importance were: Chemicals, 43.9; automobiles, 41.1; iron and steel, 39.9; foundry and machine-shop products, 39.7; sawmills, 34.2; electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies, 29.5; cotton goods, 29.3; and slaughtering and meat packing, 24.5. In the six industries in which decreased employment over the year interval was shown, the declines in employment were small, with the exception of the men’s furnishing industry in which a decrease of 22.5 percent was reported. In table 1 are shown the number of identical establishments report ing in both December 1933 and January 1934 in the 89 manufacturing industries surveyed, together with the total number of employees on the pay rolls of these establishments during the pay period ending nearest January 15, the amount of their earnings for 1 week in January, the percentages of change over the month and year intervals, and the indexes of employment and pay roll in January 1934. The monthly percentages of change for each of the 89 separate in dustries are computed by direct comparison of the total number of employees and of the amount of weekly pay roll reported in identical establishments for the 2 months considered. The percentages of change over the month interval in the several groups and in the total of the 89 manufacturing industries are computed from the index num bers of these groups, which are obtained by weighting the index numbers of the several industries in the groups by the number of employees or wages paid in the industries. The percentages of change over the year interval in the separate industries, in the groups, and in the totals are computed from the index numbers of employment and pay-roll totals. 5 T 1.—C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN M AN UFACTU RIN G E S T A B L IS H M E N T S IN J A N U A R Y 1934 W IT H D E C E M B E R 1933 A N D J A N U A R Y 1933 able Employment Industry Food and kindred prod ucts______________________ Baking. Butter. Confectionery.................... Flour.................... ............... Ice cream............................ Slaughtering and meat packing............................ Sugar, beet_______ _____ _ Sugar refining, cane______ Textiles a n d th eir p rod u cts. F a b rics_________________ Carpets and rugs........ Cotton goods________ Cotton small wares... Dyeing and finishing textiles...................... Hats, fur-felt.......... . Knit goods____ _____ Silk and rayon goods. W oolen and worsted goods____ _________ W ea rin g a p p arel_______ Clothing, men’s_____ Clothing, women’s . __ Corsets and allied gar ments_____ _______ M en’s furnishings___ M illin ery ................ Shirts and c o lla rs..... I r o n a n d steel a n d th eir p r o d u c ts , n o t in c lu d in g m a c h i n e r y .______ _______ Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets............ . Cast iron pipe............. Cutlery (not includ ing silver and plated cutlery) and edge tools.................... ...... Forgings, iron and steel......... .......... ...... Hardware................... . Iron and steel_______ Plumbers’ supplies... Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and steam fittings. . Stoves.......................... . Structural and orna mental m etalwork.. T in cans and other tinware...................... Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools, files, and rs)_ W irework. Percent of Index num bers January 1934 (average 1926=100) Janu Decem ary Em ber 1933 1933 to p loy to Janu Janu ment ary 1934 ary 1934 P ay roll totals 2,987 964 388 277 287 402 347 373,252 64,416 23,043 4,222 32,409 16,894 8,912 - 5 .2 -1 .2 -(i) -2 .4 -1 2 .5 +< - 1 .3 +18.7 $5,786,582 +11.1 1,411,359 639,688 +121.7 83,496 +11.4 506, ~ + .7 349,693 +14.7 223,574 + 6 .5 - 4 .3 -1 .2 - 2 .3 -3 .7 -1 0 .5 + 1. -.4 +25.1 +11.8 +150.4 + 1.1 +18.3 +14.1 + 5 .3 93.4 85.9 140. 98.7 76. 94.3 65. 77.7 70.9 123.7 71.8 63.9 75.9 24Q 63 13 3,174 1,936 27 693 109 104,139 11, T " 7,891 704,124 586,343 16,405 301, 337 9,102 - 1 . 5 +24.5 2,234,: 176,121 +13.2 -5 0 . 161,328 - 3 .9 +10.0 + .3 +14.8 9,896,169 8,039,175 +19.3 -.2 282,658 - 2 . 2 +36.9 +29.3 3,809,636 +140,047 +10.8 -1 . -.3 -5 8 .8 -7 .0 + 1 .4 -1 .5 + 2 .9 + 3 .3 + 1 .2 +36.5 + 8 .4 + 1 .4 +36.3 +40.3 +85. ‘ +64.5 +28.1 105.2 129.5 79.0 79.9 86.5 70.1 96.7 84.2 91.6 72.3 57.0 57.5 64.8 50.1 79.6 65.1 440 243 5, 735 103.780 46,414 679,300 - . 7 +17.3 108,633 + 4 .7 +11.9 -5 .2 + 3 .8 1,295,820 646,582 + 3 .2 +0) -2 .4 + 2 .9 -1 9 .7 + .8 +22.7 +20.1 +10.3 +27.9 90.7 72.6 82.3 61.6 64.4 46.6 53.4 45.8 244 1,338 392 503 64,875 117.781 60,485 26,101 + 2 .4 +21.7 1,076,499 + 1 .6 + 1.7 1,856,994 937,725 + . 3 + 8 .4 + 9 .2 - 2 .8 + 2 .1 +11.3 + 9 .8 +18.9 +33. +25.6 + 37.7 + 22.4 64.0 67. 61. 66.8 43.2 43.1 42.6 31 69 126 117 5,446 5,217 7,434 13,098 + 8 .2 +14.1 -1 5 .4 -1 1 .2 +22.9 + 8 .5 -1 2 .4 + 37.4 95. 47.8 66.1 54.6 78.3 28.5 43.2 41.5 1,341 378,544 53 44 8,085 7,487 - 1 .5 -.7 - 9 .9 -2 2 .5 +10.6 + 1 .8 -1 3 .0 + 2 .2 82,422 59,812 136,719 153,722 +36.5 6,542,433 +81.0 66.9 40.9 - 4 . 9 +31.4 + 7 .7 +39.3 138,113 108,547 - 4 . 2 +70.2 + 1 .5 +74.0 78.7 37.6 52.6 22.8 195,207 -1 1 .2 + 38.8 71.0 49.0 + 2 .7 +10.1 - 4 .3 -2 8 . +116.3 + 73.7 + 98.6 + 25.4 86.2 65.5 70.8 49.7 58.4 38.9 42.5 24.2 -1 6 .1 +40.1 -2 2 .4 + 64.9 35.4 55.8 23.4 30.5 - 4 .2 10,606 -7 .5 65 81 208 71 7, 30,250 232,110 5,773 + 2.1 +13.0 - 2 .9 -2 4 .2 160 18,671 18,013 -19.2 +13.1 -17.9 +47.6 286,460 198 15,200 -2 .2 +26.8 261,421 + 58.9 48.3 ©.4 56 8,349 - 8 .5 +18.2 158,690 -1 2 .8 +21.6 80.0 8.4 114 71 8,448 7,624 + .3 + .7 +40.4 +46.3 153,857 142,832 83.4 123.9 54.6 i Less than one tenth of 1 percent. Pay-roll totals Estab lish Percent of ments change report Am ount ing in Number of pay both on pay roll (1 Janu Decem roll week) ber and January Decem ary January ber 1933 1933 to Janu 1934 to Janu Janu 1934 ary ary 1934 ary 1934 +22.8 155,040 +62.9 514,339 +35.6 +39.9 3,989,163 79,698 +12.7 + .2 + .1 +65.5 +96.8 6 T 1 — C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN M A N U F A C T U R IN G E S T A B L IS H M E N T S IN J A N U A R Y 1934 W IT H D E C E M B E R 1933 A N D J A N U A R Y 1933— Continued able. Employment Industry Machinery* not including transportation equip m e n t_____________________ Agricultural implements.. Cash registers, adding machines, and calculat ing m ach in es............... Electrical machinery, ap paratus, and supplies . . . Engines, turbines, trac tors, and water wheels.. Foundry and machineshop products_________ M achine tools___ _______ Radios and phonographs Textile machinery and parts____ ______________ Typewriters and supplies. Nonferrous metals and their products___________ Aluminum manufactures. Brass, bronze, and copper products----------------------Clocks and watches and time-recording devices.. Jewelry....................... . __ Lighting equipm ent_____ Silverware and plated ware................ ............... Smelting and refining— copper, lead, and zinc. -. Stamped and enameled ware____ ______________ Transportation equip m e n t________ ____ _______ Aircraft_________________ Automobiles___________ Cars, electric-and-steam railroad________________ Locom otives___________ _ Shipbuilding_________ . . Railroad repair shops____ Electric railroad........ ......... Steam railroad___________ Lum ber and allied prod u c ts.____ _________________ Furniture_______________ Lumber: M illwork____________ Sawmills____ ______ Turpentine and rosin____ Stone, clay, and glass prod ucts_______________________ Brick, tile, and terra cotta. Cement........ ....................... Glass........... ............ ............ Marble, granite, slate, and other products................ Pottery------------------ --------Leather and its m anufac tures______________________ Boots and shoes...... .......... Leather__________________ 1,739 77 323,477 11,251 Index num bers January 1934 (average 1926 = 100) i Percent of change Amount of pay roll (1 Janu week) Decem ary Em January ber 1933 1933 to ploy 1934 to Janu Janu ment ary 1934 ary 1934 Pay roll totals - 1 .9 +42.6 $6,214,419 +7.4: +73.0 215, 729 - 2 .8 +66.8 + 9 .0 +126. 5 61.9 47.4 + 1 .0 +69.7 88.6 72.8 - 3 .9 +41.6 60.1 43.2 -.7 26 14, 729 + 1 .6 +42.4 280 96,897 - 2 . 7 +29.5 1, 773, 361 + .7 +55.1 371, 423 498, 514 41.7 42.8 88 22,950 1,015 154 34 110, 878 16,041 27, 725 53 12 10,339 12,667 32 23 99,506 5,936 214 37,229 -1 .6 +36.0 704, 794 25 121 51 8,363 7,043 3,302 -2 .2 - 6 .9 - 4 .5 +20.2 +14.8 +30.0 137,374 125,999 58, 683 58 8,519 - 4 .6 +32.7 157,507 -1 1 .1 +56.7 73.1 47.0 39 13, 264 - 1 .1 +41.9 249, 744 + 4 .2 +46.7 83.3 54.0 101 15,850 -7 .0 +18.2 257,270 - 6 .7 +55.2 64.8 47.8 406 23 221 303, 726 7,642 254,587 +21.4 +47.8 -.5 +26.9 + 2 6 . 9 + 51.6 68.4 259.9 72.8 229.8 53 .5 51 11 100 899 366 533 9, 718 2,489 29,290 88,285 18,830 69,455 -.9 -4 .2 - 4 .3 - 1 .2 -1 .2 - 1 .3 +34.4 167, 568 +40.9 47, 056 +18.8 638,179 + 2 .1 2,011,944 -3 .5 477,777 + 2 .8 1, 534,167 1,548 448 133,303 45, 598 - 8 .3 -8 .9 478 603 19 18,661 67, 581 1,463 -8 .2 -7 .8 - 9 .2 1,254 637 121 176 95,055 15, 635 9,495 48,055 - 3 .5 +33.9 1,593,933 - 8 . 7 +27.6 203,567 164, 507 + 8 .7 - 2 .8 878, 710 + 1.1 + 56.9 208 112 4,342 17,528 456 307 149 135,436 104,374 31,062 1 Less than one tenth of 1 percent. Pay-roll totals Estab lish Percent of ments change j report ing in Number both on pay Janu Decem roll ber and January Decem ary 1933 to ber 1933 Janu 1934 to Janu Janu ary ary 1934 ary 1934 +74.5 61.9 42.4 1 +72.7 - 1 .2 +90.3 -2 5 .9 +99.3 58.1 52.3 123.9 36.1 37.3 83.5 218, 237 242,839 - 5 . 2 +81.1 - 5 . 5 +105.2 82.3 89.8 61.2 67.1 +30.7 1,782,885 +28.4 91, 514 - 5 .6 +52.8 -1 2 .9 +27.5 65.5 60.1 45.7 35.7 +67.9 66.1 45.5 -1 0 .2 +51.3 -1 4 .2 +23.9 -1 0 .5 +34.8 47.0 37.9 81.4 34.8 25.9 57.3 - . 3 +39.7 2,076,871 342, 591 + .1 +65.0 474, 854 -1 7 .2 +114.0 - 5 .0 + (0 - 3 .2 -3 .6 +51.0 +56.4 +16.5 +38.2 6,311,478 +42.3 188, 556 -0 ) +21.5 +41.1 5, 270,119 +• - 1 .6 i 50.4 - 4 .7 + 35.0 24.2 13.5 -3 .9 -2 .5 + 3 9 .8 17.9 +27.9 + 7 .8 -3 .4 + 9 .0 77.2 49.1 63.3 48.0 11.6 58.6 38.6 51.1 3 7 .6 +26.8 1,765,258 +16.1 617,984 -1 1 .6 +49.1 -1 2 .1 +34.8 43.0 49.0 34.3 26.7 +14.1 + 34.2 +39.8 -1 0 .3 + 27.2 -1 2 .7 +65.7 + 3 .2 + 58.2 34.7 41.6 60.8 20.6 23.2 58.2 +44.3 +54.5 +19.3 +67.8 47.4 24.5 32.6 83.3 29.0 11.9 17.9 61.4 67,397 279,752 -2 2 .5 -1 8 .2 - 7 . 8 + 53.4 35.4 71.4 17.1 43.1 + 5 .1 + 8 .1 2,326,273 + 6 .6 + 3 .1 1,713,419 612,854 + . 7 +29.1 +10.1 +37.1 +15.1 +33.7 - 1 . 2 +46.3 78.4 75.4 90. 5| 58.0 53.6 73. 3 -1 0 .6 + 5 .4 - 3 . 8 +30.3 263, 294 863, 520 20, 460 - 5 .6 - 2 .3 -6 .0 - 4 .0 -4 .4 + 1 .7 + 1 .5 7 T 1.—C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN M A N U FA C TU RIN G E S T A B L IS H M E N T IN J A N U A R Y 1934 W IT H D E C E M B E R 1933 A N D J A N U A R Y 1933— Continued able Employment Pay-roll totals Estab lish Percent of Percent of ments change change report Amount ing in Number of pay both on pay roll (1 Janu Janu Decem roll Decem ary week) ber and January Decem ary ber 1933 1933 to January 1933 to ber 1933 Janu 1934 1934 to Janu Janu to Janu Janu ary ary 1934 ary ary 1934 ary 1934 1934 Industry Paper and printing............... Boxes, pap er.................... . Paper and pulp__________ Printing and publishing: Book and jo b ........... . Newspapers and peri odicals........... . Chemicals and allied prod ucts............................. ............ Chemicals............... ........ . . Cottonseed — oil, cake, and m eal---------------------Druggists’ preparations-.Explosives— ----------------Fertilizers_______________ Paints and varnishes........ Petroleum refining-,____ R ayon and allied products Soap------------------------------Rubber products_________ R ubber boots and shoes.. R ubber goods, other than boots, shoes, tires, and inner tubes____________ Rubber tires and inner tubes---------------------------Tobacco m anufactures____ Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff______ Cigars and cigarettes_____ Total, 89 industries___ 1,938 319 424 329,816 23,852 100,710 - 2 .2 - 5 .9 -.8 +13.2 $5,208,401 +16.9 406,834 . +26.5 1, 778,621 - 3 .9 -7 .8 -.8 +10.8 +24.5 +35.3 744 46,836 -1 .6 + 6.1 1,185,187 -2 .6 451 58,418 -2 .8 + 7 .4 1,837,759 -5 .6 1,068 110 180,956 27,737 107 56 30 166 324 148 23 104 139 9 4,889 8,083 4,286 9,333 15,643 62,454 33,938 14,593 85,403 13,304 -1 0 .5 - 1 .1 -.4 +12.5 + 4 .2 -.8 -.8 -1 .6 - 3 .1 -8 .6 92 17,828 -2 .0 38 227 54, 271 46,644 - . 5 +37.1 1,171,604 —12.4 - 2 .4 598,860 31 196 9,861 36, 783 + 1 .8 -1 4 .7 17,808 3 ,077,527 - 1 .1 + .7 +30.3 3,864,402 + 1 .3 +43.9 645,539 +27.9 49, 612 +11.6 154,320 + 35.6 87,475 +69.3 113,937 +26.1 322,092 +18.5 1,603,978 +27. 5 588,814 +11. 7 298,635 +33.1 1,708,499 +25.3 227,925 +30.4 -.8 - 2 .7 308,970 137,163 461, 697 +22.4 55,611,536 Index num bers January 1934 (average 1926=100) Em ploy ment P ay roll totals 88.5 78.7 91.3 69.0 64.0 60,9 + 6 .1 76.1 61.1 + 1 .8 104.3 84.1 - . 3 +29.4 + .4 + 46.0 98.0 122.9 77.0 88.2 - 7 . 8 +32.3 - 2 . 2 f-10.6 -55.2 + 2 .7 + 12.3 -66.2 + 4 .0 -34.6 -12.4 + .1 -33.1 -5 .8 -.9 -13.5 -60.9 -.5 -1 3 .3 -54.6 46.8 82.5 102.9 84.5 80.2 73.6 190.3 105.2 82.8 64.4 43.8 80.2 72.3 54.0 61.8 59.9 164.4 87.4 58.9 54.9 +40.9 106.4 73.0 + 2 .7 +74.3 -1 4 .6 +12.0 + .3 78.7 60.9 54.9 45.8 + 3 .3 + 2 .8 -1 7 .8 +14.1 89.3 57.3 76.3 42.1 69.3 49.4 -.8 +38.0 Per Capita Earnings in Manufacturing Industries P e r capita weekly earnings in January 1934 for each of the 89 manufacturing industries surveyed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics and for all industries combined, together with the percentages of change in January 1934 as compared with December 1933 and Jan uary 1933 are shown in table 2. These earnings must not be confused with full-time weekly rates of wages. They are per capita weekly earnings, computed by dividing the total amount of pay roll for the week by the total number of employees (part-time as well as full-time workers). 42725—34------2 8 2 —P E R C A P IT A W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S IN M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S IN J A N U A R Y 1934 A N D C O M P A R IS O N W IT H D E C E M B E R 1933 A N D J A N U A R Y 1933 T a b le Per capita weekly earnings in January 1934 Industry Food and kindred products: Baking_____ ___ _______ _______________ __________ ___________ _ ________ ____ Beverages___________ _______ __________ B u t te r _______________ _ _______________ ______ _____________ Confectionery_________________________________________ _______ Flour............................................................. ............. .................... ....... Ice cream____________________ _____ ___ __________ ____________ Slaughtering and meat packing ..... ___________ ____ Sugar, beet_______________ ___________________ ______ __________ Sugar refining, cane________________ ______________ ___________ Textiles and their products: Fabrics: Carpets and rugs______________ _____________ _________ ___ Cotton goods. ___________ ______ _____ ___________ _______ Cotton small wares.____ ___________ _______________ ______ D y e in g and finishing textiles ............................... .. Hats, fur-felt__________ _________ _____ ____ ______________ K n it goods ____ _____ . ........................... Silk and rayon goods__ ________________________ ___________ W oolen and worsted goods_________________ _______________ Wearing apparel: Clothing, men’s_____________ _______ ________ _____________ Clothing, wom en’s ___________ _____ ______________________ Corsets and allied garments_______________________ ____ ___ M en’s furnishings_______ _______________ ______________ ___ M illinery______________ __________________ _____________ _ Shirts and collars________ ____ ____ _______________ _______ Iron and steel and their products, not including machinery: Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets.— __ _____________ _______ ___ Cast-iron pipe................................. ....................................... ............... Cutlery (not including silver and plated cutlery) and edge tools_______________ _________________ _____ _________________ Forgings, iron and steel____ _________________ ________________ _ Hardware_____________________ ____________ _________________ Iron and steel__________________________ ______________________ Plumbers’ supplies_____ ______________________________________ Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and steam fittings......... Stoves____________ _____ ______ ___________ ___________________ Structural and ornamental metalwork___________________ ______ Tin cans and other tinware___________ ______ _________________ Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools, files, and saws)________________________________ ______ ________________ W ire work__________________ ____ _________ _________________ M achinery, not including transportation equipment: Agricultural implements____ ___________ ______________ _______ Cash registers, adding machines, and calculating machines_____ Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies__________ _______ Engines, turbines, tractors, and water wheels____ ______________ Foundry and machine-shop products____________ ______________ M achine tools____ _____________ _______________ ______ ________ Radios and phonographs............ ..................................... ............ ..... Textile machinery and parts.____ __________ __________ ________ Typewriters and supplies______ ____________________ ___________ Nonferrous metals and their products: Aluminum manufactures___________________ ______ _ _____ ____ Brass, bronze, and copper products_____ ____ ___________ _____ Clocks and watches and time-recording devices__________ ______ Jewelry______________________________ ____ ______ _____________ Lighting equipment________________ _______ _________ _______ Silverware and plated ware____________________________________ Smelting and refining —copper, lead, and zinc.. _______________ Stamped and enameled ware____ _______________ _____________ Transportation equipment: Aircraft_______________ _____ _______ _____ _____ ______________ Automobiles___________________________________________________ Cars, electric- and steam -railroad.___ ____ ___________________ Locom otives_____ ____ _________________________________ ____ _ Shipbuilding______________ _____________________ _____________ Railroad repair shops: Electric railroad_____________ _ ____________________________ . Steam railroad___________ ________ ________________ ____________ i N o change. Percent of change, Janury 1934 compared with— December 1933 January 1933 $21.91 27. 76 19.78 15.63 20.70 25.09 21.46 15.55 20.44 0) -2 .3 - 1 .3 + 2 .3 + 1 .2 + 1 .0 + 1 .2 -1 6 .4 -3 .3 + 0 .8 +13.1 -9 .5 + 17 .6 -.2 —.7 + 9 .5 -4 .5 -7 .5 17.23 12.64 15.39 17.56 18.94 12.49 13.93 16.59 + 5 .1 + 2 .3 + 2 .9 —1.7 —1.7 -1 5 .2 + .7 -.2 +35.4 + 26 .5 + 15.2 + 4 .8 + 7 .4 + 6 .1 + 23.5 + 9 .5 15. 50 18.64 15.13 11.46 18.39 11.74 + 9 .5 + 8 .9 + 9 .8 - 6 .1 +11.1 + .7 + 27 .0 +26.3 + 15 .0 + 14 .6 + 6 .9 + 34 .8 17.08 14.50 + .8 -5 .7 + 29.7 + 25 .6 18.41 19.56 17.00 17.19 13.81 19.23 15.90 17.20 19.01 -4 .0 + .6 - 2 .6 -1 .4 -5 .7 + 3 .7 —5.4 -4 .4 -4 .7 +12.7 +32 .8 +27.7 + 42 . a +11.8 + 24 .0 +11.7 +25.1 + 2 .9 18. 21 18.73 —.2 —. 7 + 18 .0 + 34.2 19.17 25.22 18.30 21. 72 18.73 21.36 17.13 21.11 19.17 + 1 .5 -.6 —1.3 —1.3 + .4 —1.3 -1 0 .5 —.2 - 5 .5 + 30.4 + 19 .2 + 9 .6 + 12 .5 + 23.9 +15.4 -7 .0 + 19.7 + 31 .2 -9 .6 -8 .2 —7. 7 - 6 .3 - 6 .8 + 5 .4 + .4 —.5 + 23.3 + 25.7 + 7 .7 + 3 .4 + 18.3 + 3 .9 +31.1 24. 67 20.70 17.24 18. 91 21.79 -.5 + 4 .5 -3 .9 + .4 + 2 .0 -1 0 .8 + 7 .6 + .6 -.8 + 7 .8 25.37 22.09 —1.2 -4 .7 15.42 18.93 16.43 17. 89 17. 77 18.49 18. 83 16.23 0) 0) + 5 .7 9 T 2 .—P E R C A P IT A W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S IN M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S IN J A N U A R Y 1934 A N D C O M P A R IS O N W IT H D E C E M B E R 1933 A N D J A N U A R Y 1933— Continued able Industry Lum ber and allied products: Furniture___________________________________________ _______ Lumber: M illwork________________________________________ _________ Sawmills_________ ____ ____ __________ _________ __________ Turpentine and rosin._____ ________ ________ ________ _______ Stone, clay, and glass products: Brick, tile, and terra cotta ............ .............. . . . . Cement..................... .......................................................... .................. Glass___________________ ______________________________________ Marble, granite, slate, and other products............ .............. ............ Pottery____ ___________ ___________ ____ __________________ ___ Leather and its manufactures: Boots and shoes_________________________________ ____ ________ Leather..................... ....... ............. ............. .................... ............ ......... Paper and printing: Boxes, p a p e r __________________ __________________ ____________ Paper and pulp________________________________________________ Printing and publishing: Book and job ______ ________________________________ _____ _ Newspapers and periodicals____ __________________________ Chemicals and allied products: Chemicals____ __________________________ ______ _____ ________ Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal_______________________________ Druggists’ preparations________ __________________ ____ _______ Explosives_____ __________________________ ____ _______________ Fertilizers______________ _______________ ____ _______________ _ Paints and varnishes_____ ____ _____ _____ ______________ ____ Petroleum refining____________________________ __________ _____ R ayon and allied products______________ ______ ______ _______ Soap______________ ____ ____________ _________________________ Rubber products: Rubber boots and shoes____________________________ ________ Rubber goods, other than boots, shoes, tires, and inner tubes _ _. Rubber tires and inner tubes____ _______________ ____________ Tobacco manufactures: Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff_______________________ Cigars and c ig a r e t t e s ____ ______________________ ____ _______ Average, 89 industries_______________________________________ Per capita weekly earnings in January 1934 Percent of change, Janu ary 1934 c o m p a r e d with— December 1933 January 1933 $13.55 -3 .6 +16.4 14.11 12.78 13.98 - 2 .2 - 5 .3 +13.7 + 11.6 + 23.6 + 13.2 13.02 17.33 18.29 15. 52 15.96 + 4 .7 + 4 .6 +. 5 -1 3 .3 - 4 .1 +20.6 + 9 .3 + 6 .8 -2 2 .2 + 17.6 16.42 19. 73 + 8 .0 -1 .8 +29.5 +13.7 17.06 17.66 -2 .0 + .1 + 6 .3 + 7 .3 25.31 31.46 -1 .0 - 2 .8 +. 1 - 5 .3 23. 27 10.15 19.09 20.41 12.21 20.59 25.68 17.35 20.46 -.9 + 3 .0 - 1 .1 + 3.1 -.2 - .1 + .9 —5.1 + .7 + 1 .9 + 3 .8 -.7 +14.4 -1 .5 + 6 .5 -5 .2 + 4 .2 + 1 .4 17.13 17.33 21. 59 - 5 .1 + 2 .3 + 3 .2 +23.3 + 8 .0 +27.0 13.91 12.55 + 1 .5 - 3 .7 + 3 .6 + 17.0 18. 07 2 + .4 2 +12. 6 2Weighted. General Index Numbers of Employment and Pay-Roll Totals in Manufacturing Industries G e n e r a l index numbers of employment and pay-roll totals in manufacturing industries by months, from January 1927 to January 1934, together with average indexes for each of the years from 1927 to 1933, are shown in table 3. In computing these general indexes, the index numbers of each fo f the separate industries are weighted according to their relative importance in the total. Preceding this table are two charts prepared from these general indexes showing the course of employment and pay rolls from January 1926 to January 1934. 10 MANUFACTURING INDU STRIES. MONTHLY INDEXES 1926 - 1933 MONTHLY AVERAGE. 192.6*100. 11 MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. MONTHLY INDEXES 1926-1933. MONTHLY AVERAOL 1 9 2 ,6 = 1 0 0 . PAY-ROLL TOTALS. 105 ' l93L‘i -------- \ •>*4 .*/ . , ' j r ^ 192.7 1 00 105 v n \ .• \ *• \ / \ \ ij / V \ /I9Z 6 95 V / + S \ * ----\ '|928 \ / 90 V 100 ' \ -*•— \/ / \ \ 95 \ \ / V ' \ 90 /i 9 3 0 V \ 85 65 \ \ \ 60 60 75 \ 75 v .— — / / / 1331 j 1 70 A / 65 \ V \ \ \ / \ \ \ to "v—•„ 60 s. \ 55 55 \ V .. 50 im 45 1 I 40 \ 1533 1 1 . 35 JAW FEB. MAY JUNE JULY AUG. 1 SEPT. OCT. R1 35 NOV. DEC. 12 T able 3 —G E N E R A L IN D E X E S OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S , J A N U A R Y 1927 TO J A N U A R Y 1934 [12-month average, 1926=100] Employment Pay rolls 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 January............. February.......... M arch............... A pril.................. M a y ................... June................... J u ly-.................. August....... . September........ O ctober. ........... N ovem ber........ December.......... A vera g e____ 97.3 99.0 99.5 98.6 97.6 97.0 95.0 95.1 95.8 95.3 93.5 92.6 91.6 93.0 93.7 93.3 93.0 93.1 92.2 93.6 95.0 95.9 95.4 95.5 95.2 97.4 98.6 99.1 99. 2 98.8 98.2 98.6 99.3 98.4 95.0 92.3 90.7 90.9 90.5 89.9 88.6 86.5 82.7 81.0 80.9 79.9 77.9 76.6 74.6 75.3 75.9 75.7 75.2 73.4 71.7 71.2 70.9 68.9 67.1 66.7 64.8 65.6 64.5 62.2 59.7 57.5 55.2 56.0 58.5 59.9 59.4 58.3 56.6 57.5 55.1 56.0 58.7 62.8 67.3 71.5 73.9 74.0 71.4 70.1 1927 1928 1929 69.3 94.9 89.6 94.5 ____ 100.6 93.9 101.8 ____ 102.0 95.2 103.9 ____ 100.8 93.8 104.6 99.8 94.1 104.8 ____ 97.4 94.2 102.8 ____ 93.0 91.2 98.2 95.0 94.2 102.1 94.1 95.4 102.6 95.2 99.0 102.4 91.6 96.1 95.4 93.2 97.7 92.4 96.4 93.8 97.5 84.7 72.3 60.1 64.6 . . . . . 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 88.1 91.3 91.6 90.7 88.6 85.2 77.0 75.0 75.4 74.0 69.6 68.8 63.7 68.1 69.6 68.5 67.7 63.8 60.3 59.7 56.7 55.3 52.5 52.2 48.6 49.6 48.2 44.7 42.5 39.3 36.2 36.3 38.1 39.9 38.6 37.7 35.8 49.4 36.4 33.4 34.9 38.9 43.1 46.5 51.9 53.3 53.6 50.3 49.8 96.5 94.5 100.5 81.3 61.5 41.6 44.0 . . . . . Time Worked in Manufacturing Industries, January 1934 H e p o r t s as to working time in January were received from 14,395 establishments in 89 manufacturing industries. Of these establish ments 3 percent were idle, 71 percent operated on a full-time basis, and 26 percent worked on a part-time schedule. An average of 93 percent of full-time operation in January was shown by reports received from all the operating establishments included in table 4. The establishments working part time in January averaged 75 percent of full-time operation. 13 T a b le 4 —P R O P O R T IO N OF F U L L T IM E W O R K E D IN M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S B Y E S T A B L IS H M E N T S R E P O R T IN G IN J A N U A R Y 1934 Percent of Establishments establishments reporting operating— Industry Total num ber Food and kindred products . . ............................. B a k i n g .. ..- ....................... - ................... - .......... Beverages...... ..................................... ..................... Butter---------------- ------------------- -----------------------Confectionery........................................................ Flour_____ _____________________ _____ ______ Ice cream---------- --------------------------------------------Slaughtering and meat packing------- --------------Sugar refining, cane-------------- ------------------------Textiles and their products............ .................Fabrics: Carpets and rugs----------------- --------------------Cotton goods____________________________ Cotton small wares--------------- ------------------Dyeing and finishing textiles-------------- -----Hats, fur-felt..........- ............ ........................... Knit goods------ ---------- -----------------------------Silk and rayon g o o d s ____________________ W oolen and worsted goods-------- ------------. . Wearing apparel: Clothing, men’s---------------------------------------Clothing, women’s-----------------------------------Corsets and allied garments______________ M en’s furnishings----------------------------- ------M illinery________________________________ Shirts and collars.............. .............................. Iron and steel and their products, not in cluding m achinery______________ _________ Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets______________ Cast-iron pipe------- --------- ------- . - ------------------Cutlery (not including silver and plated cut lery) and edge tools............................................ Forgings, iron and steel______________________ H ard w are___________________________________ Iron and steel. ----------------- ------------------- ---------Plumbers’ supplies____________ ____ ________ Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and steam fittings.............................. ........................ Stoves------- ------- ------------------------------------ --------Structural and ornamental metalwork____ Tin cans and other tinware_________________ Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools, files, and saws)........................... ......................... Wire work____________________________________ Machinery, not including transportation equipm ent___________________________________ Agricultural implements---------------------------- __ Cash registers, adding machines, and calculat ing machines_______________ :__ _______ __ Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Engines, turbines, tractors, and water wheels.. Foundry and machine-shop products.............. Machine tools________________________________ Radios and phonographs_____________ _______ Textile machinery and parts............................... Typewriters and supplies______ _____________ Nonferrous metals and their products_______ Aluminum manufactures.................................. . Brass, bronze, and copper products___________ Clocks and watches and time-recording devices. Jewelry............................................ ........................ Lighting equipment....... ...................................... Silverware and plated ware__________________ Smelting and refining—copper, lead, and zin c.. Stamped and enameled w a r e .................. .......... Transportation equipm ent___________________ Aircraft.................................................. .................. Automobiles............................................. ............. Cars, electric- and steam-railroad_____________ Locom otives___________ ______ _____ _ Shipbuilding............................................................ * Less than one half of 1 percent. Per cent idle Full time Part time Average percent of full time reported b y— All op erating estab lish ments Estab lish ments operating part time 9 5 84 83 69 82 86 91 79 96 93 55 69 16 16 30 17 13 9 19 3 7 36 27 97 98 94 96 97 97 95 99 99 91 91 81 86 79 79 80 69 77 82 80 78 68 21 593 101 132 24 378 216 224 10 1 5 1 4 4 3 2 67 67 72 74 38 44 90 90 24 31 23 25 58 52 7 8 92 89 93 94 84 80 97 97 68 66 73 77 74 62 64 69 274 342 23 49 85 82 9 11 74 72 35 61 44 76 17 17 65 31 54 16 94 93 87 90 95 94 69 63 ou 71 90 63 61 57 27 36 43 55 90 90 84 73 77 11 76 61 75 42 63 50 36 25 58 26 48 90 94 82 92 82 74 Iu RQ oi# 72 64 2,534 848 319 206 256 372 254 210 58 11 2; 544 1 0) 0) 0) 1 1 2 1 8 2 9 3 1,080 37 33 18 105 40 73 155 56 3 11 2 80 146 165 49 1 2 2 59 67 64 78 40 31 35 22 86 92 94 94 66 74 84 71 91 50 2 57 66 41 34 89 91 73 74 1,478 57 1 2 67 81 33 18 92 96 75 79 68 61 60 64 84 66 83 86 60 29 62 71 38 61 54 75 82 77 76 84 53 17 79 32 39 39 35 16 34 17 14 40 71 38 29 61 39 46 25 17 20 19 14 43 83 17 93 94 90 90 96 95 96 98 91 I 79 91 < 94 87 89 88 93 96 96 97 98 87 76 97 78 84 75 72 72 83 76 88 76 70 77 79 78 7l 75 73 77 79 86 82 70 19 246 70 869 139 29 42 7 530 21 184 21 98 38 50 28 90 316 21 159 40 6 90 1 1 0) 1 1 3 5 1 5 4 85 14 T a b le 4 .—P R O P O R T IO N OF F U L L T IM E W O R K E D IN M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S B Y E S T A B L IS H M E N T S R E P O R T IN G IN J A N U A R Y 1934— Continued Percent of Establishments establishments reporting operating— Industry Total num ber Railroad repair sh o p s._____ ___________ _______ Electric railroad . . Steam railroad____ _______________ __________ Lum ber and allied products.. . . ........... . . . . Furniture............ .......... . ............ ............ .......... Lumber: M illw ork_____________ _____ ______ _____ Sawmills_______________ ____ ____________ Turpentine and rosin . . . Stone, clay, and glass products_______________ Brick, tile, and terra cotta..................... .............. Cement..................................................................... Glass___ ________________ _______________ ___ Marble, granite, slate, and other products____ Pottery________ _______ _ __ ____ _______ Leather and its m anufactures________________ Boots and shoes___ __________________________ ________________________ Leather________ . Paper and printing- ____ . ____ __________ Boxes, paper____________ . . . _______________ Paper and p ulp _________ -. . . ____ Printing and publishing: Book and jo b ____________________ _______ Newspapers and periodicals............. . _ Chemicals and allied p ro d u c ts ____ ________ C h e m ic a l s ..................... . . . . . _ __ Cottonseed—oil, oake, and m e a l..................... . Druggists’ preparations.. ______ _____ ____ Explosives______________________ ______ _____ Fertilizers.............................. . ........................... Paints and v a rn ish es .____ Petroleum refining........................................ ....... Rayon and allied products...... .............. .............. Soap ____ . ___ Rubber products_________ ____________________ Rubber boots and shoes_____________ _______ _ Rubber goods, other than boots, shoes, tires, and inner tubes............................................ ....... Rubber tires and inner tubes________ _______ Tobacco m anufactures____________ . . . ______ Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff_____ Cigars and cigarettes_____ _________ _________ 680 274 406 1,321 380 82 22 203 28 175 Total, 89 industries______ _______________ 14, 395 416 510 15 738 245 95 150 162 86 350 215 135 1,684 270 359 663 392 826 69 79 34 15 148 284 103 13 81 111 7 Per cent idle Full time All op erating estab lish ments Estab lish ments operating part time 50 93 21 65 73 50 7 78 33 25 90 98 85 91 93 81 79 81 74 75 59 64 67 60 47 85 88 27 81 82 77 90 82 71 62 39 33 33 23 27 7 9 43 13 15' 19 9 17 29 36 89 91 92 92 90 99 98 80 94 96 94 98 96 93 90 73 74 77 71 73 87 77 68 55 72 69 82 76 77 74 91 94 78 99 71 85 20 96 62 88 100 86 50 100 9 6 20 1 20 15 80 3 38 10 98 99 96 99 92 97 89 99 92 99 100 97 88 100 73 87 79 60 64 80 86 69 80 90 11 7 11 51 27 57 75 54 49 73 32 18 34 89 80 89 95 88 73 <0 73 70 3 71 26 93 75 C1) 1 2 2 2 3 17 26 7 3 30 6 3 4 1 1 0) Part time Average percent of full time reported b y— 2 0) 1 9 1 2 14 50 82 76 i Less than one half of 1 percent. Employment in Nonmanufacturing Industries in January 1934 S IX of the 15 nonmanufacturing industries surveyed monthly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported increased employment in January 1934 as compared with December 1933, and 6 industries reported increased pay rolls. Data for the building-construction industry are not presented here but are shown in more detail under the section “ Building construction.” The gains were not in identical industries in every instance, the power and light industry reporting a small gain in employment com bined with a slight decline in earnings, and the banks, brokerage, insurance, and real estate group reporting a very small decrease in employment coupled with slightly increased pay rolls. The most 15 pronounced gains in both employment and pay rolls over the month interval were in the anthracite-mining industry. Employment in this industry increased 17.6 percent and pay rolls increased 65.2 percent, reflecting sharply increased production over the month interval. The gain of 5 percent in the hotel industry was due to the combined effect of several factors, i.e., N.R.A. codes, repeal of national prohibition, and the opening of winter resort hotels. The telephone and telegraph industry reported an increase of 1.1 percent in employment and the gains in the remaining three industries reporting increased employment (bituminous-coal mining, power and light, and laundries) were five tenths of 1 percent or less. The most pronounced declines in employ ment and pay rolls between December and January (19.7 percent and 14.3 percent, respectively), were shown in the retail-trade group. This seasonal decline reflects to a large extent the release from employ ment of those workers temporarily employed for Christmas trade. The group composed of department, variety, and general merchandise stores and mail-order houses, showed a decrease of 27.2 percent in employment between December and January. Retail food stores surveyed by the Bureau showed a decrease of 1.7 percent in employ ment over the month interval. The remaining decreases which were of considerable size were shown in the canning industry (12.9 percent) and the quarrying and nonmetallic-mining industry (12.5 percent), The declines in these industries were seasonal, canning activities normally decreasing to a low level in January and operations in quarrying being greatly affected by weather conditions. The dyeing and cleaning industry reported a decline of 3.4 percent and the metalliferous-mining and the crude-petroleum-producing industries reported decreases in employment of 2.5 and 2.4 percent, respectively, The declines in employment in the remaining groups were slig h twholesale trade, 1.1 percent; electric-railroad and motor-bus operation and maintenance, five tenths of 1 percent; and banks, brokerage* insurance, and real estate, one tenth of 1 percent. Thirteen of the 15 nonmanufacturing industries appearing im the following table reported increased employment and pay rolls between January 1933 and January 1934, crude-petroleum producing* canning and preserving, metalliferous mining, and anthracite mining reporting the largest percentage gains in employment over the year interval. Laundries reported no change in employment and an increase in pay rolls. The remaining two industries (electric-railroad and motor-bus operation and maintenance and telephone and tele graph) reported decreases in employment and pay roll over the 12-month period. 42725— 34-------3 16 In the following table are presented employment and pay-roll data for the nonmanufacturing industries surveyed, exclusive of building construction. T ^ —C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN N O N M A N U F A C T U R 193? E S T A B L IS H M E N T S IN J A N U A R Y 1934 W IT H D E C E M B E R 1933 A N D J A N U A R Y able Em ploym ent Industrial group Pay-roll totals Estab lish ments report Percent of Percent of ing in change change both Decem Num ber A mount ber 1933 on D ecem Janu of pay roll D ecem Janu and (1 week) pay roll ber ary ber ary Janu January 1933 to 1933 to 1933 to 1933 to January ary 1934 1934 1934 Janu Janu Janu Janu ary ary ary ary 1934 1934 1934 1934 Coal mining: Anthracite.......................... 160 Bituminous........................ 1,508 Metalliferous mining.............. 283 Quarrying and nonmetallic 1,144 m ining.................................... Crude-petroleum producing254 Public utilities: Telephone and telegraph. 8,244 Power and light................ 3,098 E le c tr ic -ra ilr o a d a n d motor-bus o p e r a t io n 503 and maintenance.......... Trade: 2,993 W holesale......................... R etail.................................. 18,609 Hotels (cash payments on ly )1 2,294 771 Canning and preserving____ Laundries.................................. 1,240 334 Dyeing and cleaning............... Banks, brokerage, insurance, and real estate....................... 4,469 89,077 231,175 25,903 26,217 27,750 252,032 205,570 129,599 85,182 415,461 114,014 36.914 64,529 9,455 175,943 Index num bers, January 1934 (average 1929=100) Em ploy ment Pay roll totals +17.6 +22.1 $2,963,992 + .5 + 8 .6 4,025,325 - 2 . 5 + 22.2 537,363 + 65.2 +69.4 + .9 +42.1 - 2 . 9 +40.3 64.1 75.8 39.6 73.2 51.3 25.4 -1 2 .5 +13.1 - 2 . 4 + 28.0 -1 2 .6 +17.7 - . 4 +32.8 39.7 73.2 21.3 53.0 70.2 82.2 69.0 73.8 368,224 768,647 + 1 .1 + .5 - 5 .9 + 5 .8 6,711,915 5,811,933 + 1 .8 -.9 -3 .8 + 1.1 -.5 -.1 3,476,739 -.6 + 9 .4 - 1 .1 -1 9 .7 +10.0 + 5 .0 +10.4 -1 2 .9 +26.4 + .2 (*) -3 .4 + 1 .1 * -.1 3+1 .7 -2 .8 70.5 59.2 2,220,315 8,321,385 1,406,405 470,664 957,027 163,719 -.9 + 3 .6 -1 4 .3 + 9 .7 + 5 .7 + 9 .2 - 9 . 3 +42.7 + 1 .0 + 1 .7 - 1 .1 + 6 .0 82.4 84.6 81.5 43.1 75.4 73.8 63.9 68.8 60.8 35.4 58.9 49.4 5,858,980 8+ . 8 3+3.4 3 99.2 *88.1 i The additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be com puted. * N o change. » Weighted. Per capita weekly earnings in January 1934 for 15 nonmanufactur ing industries included in the Bureau’s monthly trend-of-employment survey, together with the percentages of change in January 1934 as compared with December 1933 and January 1933, are given in the table following. These earnings must not be confused with full-time weekly rates of wages; they are per capita weekly earnings computed by dividing the total amount of pay roll for the week by the total number of employees (part-time as well as full-time workers). 17 T 2 .—P E R C A P IT A W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S IN 15 N O N M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S IN J A N U A R Y 1934 A N D C O M P A R IS O N W IT H D E C E M B E R 1933 A N D J A N U A R Y 1933 able Industrial group Per capita weekly earnings in January 1934 Percent of change Jan uary 1934 compared with— December 1933 Coal mining: Anthracite_____________________________________________________ $33.27 +40.5 + .4 17.41 Bituminous___________________________________________________ -.4 Metalliferous m in in g ________________________________ ______ ___________ 20.75 —.1 Quarrying and nonmetallic m ining________________________________ 14.05 Crude-petroleum producing___ - ___________________________________ + 2 .0 27.70 P ublic utilities: + .8 Telephone and telegraph_____________________ ________________ 26.63 Power and light_______________________________________________ 28.27 —1.5 -.1 26.83 Electric-railroad and motor-bus operation and maintenance........ Trade: + .2 Wholesale_____________________________________________________ 26.07 Retail.................................................................. .................................... 20.03 + 6 .7 12.34 Hotels (cash payments o n ly ) 1__________________ __________________ + .7 Canning and preserving________________________ __________________ 12.75 + 4 .2 Laundries__________________________________________________ ____ 14.83 + .7 D yeing and cleaning_______________________________________________ + 2 .4 17.32 Banks, _______________________ brokerage, insurance, and real 33.30 estate a + .9 January 1933 + 38.8 +30.9 +14.7 + 4 .1 + 3 .7 + 2 .3 -4 .5 - 2 .7 -5 .4 - .2 —1.2 +12.9 + 1 .7 + 4 .9 a + 1 .6 i The additional value of board, room , and tips cannot be computed. * Weighted. Indexes of Employment and Pay-Roll Totals for Nonmanufacturing Industries I n d e x numbers of employment and pay-roll totals for 15 nonmanu facturing industries are presented in table 3. These index numbers show the variation in employment and pay rolls by months, from January 1931 to January 1934, in all nonmanufacturing industries except the banks, brokerage, insurance, and real estate group, for which information for 1931 is not available. The Bureau has, how ever, secured data concerning employment and pay rolls for the index base year, 1929, from establishments in this group and has computed index numbers for those months for which data are available from the Bureau’s files. These indexes are shown in the table. 18 OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S F O R N O N M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S , J A N U A R Y T O D E C E M B E R 1931, 1932, A N D 1933, A N D J A N U A R Y 1934 T a b l e 3 .— IN D E X E S [12-month average, 1929=100] Anthracite mining M onth Employment Pay rolls Bituminous-coal mining Employment Pay rolls 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 January................. February.............. M arch................... A pril...................... M a y ____________ June....................... Ju ly....... ................ August.................. September............ O ctober................ N ovem ber............ December............. Average— 90.6 89.5 82.0 85.2 80.3 76.1 65.1 67.3 80.0 86.8 83.5 79.8 76.2 71.2 73.7 70.1 66.9 53.0 44.5 49.2 55.8 63.9 62.7 62.3 52.5 64.1 89.3 61.5 43. 2 73.2 93.9 80.8 69.8 75.8 73.3 58.7 91.5 77.4 69.3 68.3 101.9 57.3 56.8 54.6 71.3 61.2 48.8 88.8 75.2 67.6 65.2 75.2 72.0 37.4 58.6 51.6 85.9 65.5 63.7 54.4 43.2 76.1 58.0 30.0 82.4 62.6 61.2 39.5 ------- 66.7 37.4 34.3 ------- 78.4 60.5 61.3 ........ 52.4 76.4 58.6 63.2 50.4 43.8 53.7 34.5 38.2 56.4 41.4 46. 6 50.6 77.0 59.4 68.6 47.7 80.4 62.4 71.8 56.8 : : : : : 64.9 47.0 60.7 53.6 56.9 91.1 66.7 61.6 : : : : : 81.3 67.0 68.0 56.2 81.1 69.4 74.8 .......... 54.6 61.0 79.5 51.0 47.8 78.4 56.2 44.3 81.2 70.0 75.4 52.3 54.5 Average___ 68.3 65.3 63.5 63.9 62.4 60.0 56.2 55.8 55.5 53.8 52.8 51.2 49.3 46.9 45.0 43.3 38.3 32.2 29.5 28.6 29.3 30.5 31.9 33.3 Quarrying and nonmetallic mining 32.4 39.6 55.0 29.7 18.1 25.4 64.4 48.9 35.1 39.7 50.4 30.2 18.1 21.3 31.5 54.6 27.8 17.8 54.4 29.6 17.4 66.6 47.4 34.8 58.2 28.7 17.8 52.8 26.5 17.4 30.0 70.0 46.0 35.1 29.4 51.4 25.0 16.4 76.1 48.6 39.3 62.6 30.0 20.2 62.3 32.3 23.8 49.3 23.8 17.0 75.0 50.6 43.4 30.0 60.1 30.0 27.5 31.5 46.1 20.1 18.3 72.3 49.5 47.3 71.0 49.5 49.5 57.3 29.1 28.4 33.0 41.3 16.9 19.0 40.2 16.5 21.9 ........ 68.9 51.1 51.6 55.1 29.7 29.9 36.8 66.6 52.4 52.6 : : : : : 51.2 30.5 29.3 38.9 40.0 17.0 23.9 40.7 37.4 18.0 25.9 64.5 52.4 53.2 48.7 30.1 31.2 43.3 27.1 28.3 40.6 ____ 35.1 18.7 25.6 59.3 49.4 51.1 36.9 22.1 24.4 40.6 34.3 18.7 26.2 53.9 42.3 45.3 59.1 36.5 34.6 ........ 44.8 21.6 20.6 ........ 67.4 49.0 44.9 ........ 53.4 29.1 24.7 ........ Crude-petroleum producing January................. F ebruary............. M arch................... A pril____________ M a y ...................... June____________ July....................... August....... .......... September............ October................. N ovem ber............ December........... Average___ 74.8 73.2 72.2 69.8 67.8 65.0 65.3 62.4 61.2 60.4 57.6 58.2 54.9 54.4 51.4 54.9 54.5 54.2 55.4 57.4 56.2 56.8 56.5 57.2 _______ F e b ru a ry -........... M arch................... A pril...................... M a y ....................... June __ _____ July . August.................. September............ O ctober................ N ovem ber............ December............. 65.7 55.3 62.2 ........ 61.7 44.1 44.1 Average___ 99.2 97.8 96.7 97.1 97.6 97.2 96.7 95.9 94.7 92.7 91.3 90.3 89.3 87.2 85.5 84.8 84.0 83.2 82.3 81.5 81.0 79.9 79.1 78.4 Telephone and telegraph 57.2 73.2 71.5 46.5 39.9 53.0 90.5 83.0 74.6 70.2 89.2 82.0 73.9 70.0 46.9 41.7 57.0 73.2 43.2 42.5 88.6 81.7 73.2 56.5 66.3 44.5 40.1 88.1 81.2 72.3 56.8 56.9 ........ 64.7 47.1 41.6 ........ 87.4 80.6 70.1 ------86.9 79.9 69.2 62.7 44.8 40.6 58.0 59.2 44.6 42.2 86.6 79.1 68.5 59.5 56.3 42.9 42.5 85.9 78.1 68.1 60.8 85.0 77.4 68.3 66.2 : : : : : 55.2 41.9 44.4 54.4 42.5 50.1 : : : : : 84.1 76.2 68.7 70.6 52.0 42.4 50.3 83.5 75.5 68.9 ____ 72.2 83.1 74.8 69.4 54.9 41.7 53.2 75.0 Power and light Jfl.nna.ry 36.1 51.3 37.2 30.7 26.6 26.9 29.2 ........ 33.6 43.3 44.1 44.1 50.7 ........ 50.8 80.5 62.5 51.7 ........ 75.4 53.7 45.8 ........ 83.2 67.4 67.9 ........ 57.5 35.6 37.8 ........ Metalliferous mining January . February.............. M arch................... A pril...................... M a y ____________ June____________ J u l y . . ................... August.................. September............ October................. N ovem ber............ December............. 47.0 47.0 46.8 33.9 30.7 27.3 24.4 26.4 30.2 37.8 38.0 37.7 77.7 82.2 98.6 88.4 73.0 73.8 99.7 86.0 71.6 77.4 102.4 85.4 71.9 76.9 97.6 82.4 69.4 76.9 98.7 84.2 69.9 76.9 98.3 80.5 69.9 77.3 97.4 78.7 70.0 77.5 96.2 76.7 70.9 78.1 94.3 74.7 71.8 80.3 93.2 74.4 76.2 : : : : : 82.2 82.6 .......... 93.3 73.2 74.5 91.2 73.2 74.4 81.8 96.3 94.8 97.9 95.0 94.1 95.0 93.3 92.3 92.1 91.6 89.7 92.7 89.1 89.6 88.2 83.4 82.8 82.1 79.6 79.1 75.9 75.7 74.3 73.5 71.7 69.0 71.9 71.6 67.8 68.5 ........ 66.6 66.7 66.1 64.6 67.0 : : : : : 67.7 67.7 86.6 79.1 70.4 ........ 93.7 81.1 68.2 ........ Electric-railroad and motor-bus operation and maintenance * 86.9 86.6 86.4 86.8 85.9 85.3 85.6 84.8 84.0 82.7 81.5 79.9 79.5 78.9 77.6 78.0 76.9 76.5 75.6 74.1 73.5 72.3 71.8 71.4 70.6 70.5 85.6 75.4 60.9 59.2 87.1 74.8 60.6 70.4 88.1 73.6 59.4 69.8 86.6 71.8 58.1 69.5 85.1 72.2 58.2 69.1 84.8 70.2 58.0 69.3 83.3 66.4 57.4 69.4 81.9 63.8 58.2 69.5 81.2 62.5 57.8 ........ 69.7 79.0 61.5 59.8 70.6 71.0 ........ 79.7 61.7 59.4 70.8 77.8 61.9 59.6 95.6 83.0 78.8 ........ 96.7 79.8 72.0 ........ 84.7 75.5 70.0 ........ 83.4 68.0 58.9 ........ i N ot including electric-railroad-car building and repairing; see transportation equipment and railroad repair-shop groups, manufacturing industries, table 1. 19 T 3 .—IN D E X E S OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S F O R N O N M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S , J A N U A R Y T O D E C E M B E R 1931, 1932, A N D 1933, A N D J A N U A R Y 1934— Continued able Retail trade Wholesale trade M onth Em ploym ent Pay rolls Em ploym ent Pay rolls 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 82.4 87.5 74.1 ____ 88.4 72.5 89.1 71.3 85.2 68.9 84 7 69.7 84 1 66.2 83 3 64.7 82.1 63.2 ____ 81.4 63.1 ____ 79.9 63.9 ____ 79.7 63.3 ------- 77.8 62.6 ------- 83.6 67.0 89.5 88.2 87.4 87.4 87.1 87.1 86 8 86.5 86.1 85.2 84.1 83.7 86.6 81.8 80.9 79.8 78.9 77.9 77.0 76.6 76.4 77.1 77.8 77.6 77.0 78.2 75.3 74.1 73.1 73.3 74.0 75.7 76 9 79.7 82.1 83.5 83.4 83.3 77.9 January................. February________ M arch................... April_______ ____ M a y ____________ June....................... July....................... August................... September______ October_________ Novem ber............ December............. 95.0 96.8 96.8 95.9 92.5 91.6 93.3 92.8 90.6 87.4 84.9 83.1 83.2 84.3 84.0 82.7 80.1 78.0 78.4 77.6 77.0 75.4 74.3 73.2 73.8 81.5 91.0 73.9 55.7 60.8 48.9 35.0 34.1 43.1 93 7 73.9 55.9 48.3 37.1 35.1 73.8 72.4 93.4 72.4 53.5 53.0 36.3 33.2 89.9 69.6 51.7 ____ 59.6 47.0 49.2 ____ 71.9 87 7 67.0 51.8 56.0 40.5 45.5 71.9 85.4 63.8 52.3 70.6 55.5 55.6 73.6 85.2 61.8 53.3 102.2 73.0 76.6 75.6 83.8 59.6 54.0 142.9 99.0 112.7 77.1 78.7 ____ 81.9 59.1 55.6 ____ 180.1 125.3 175:6 ____ 79.7 58.6 56.2 77.0 108.1 81.1 26.3 75.8 77.1 57.5 55.2 60.8 50.5 69.3 77.6 ------- 75.4 56.6 57.6 ........ 40.7 33.7 49.4 ........ 61.7 58.6 57.1 56.0 57.4 57.3 59.1 60.8 62.3 66.0 64.1 64.5 60.4 63.9 90.0 84.3 76.9 ____ 87.1 80.5 73.4 ____ 87.8 81.4 71.4 90.1 81.6 78.6 89.9 80.9 77.0 89.1 79.4 78.3 83.9 74.6 74.6 81.8 72.6 78.1 ____ 86.6 77.8 86.0 ____ 89.8 81.3 89.6 ____ 90.9 81.7 91.6 _____ 106.2 95.2 105.4 ........ 89.4 80.9 81.7 84.6 89.4 86.7 87.5 88.3 88.0 87.6 83.3 80.3 ____ 83.5 ____ 84.6 ____ 85.4 ........ 94.1 ........ 86.6 January................. February.............. M arch................... A pril— ................. M a y ____________ June , .... _ _ July_______ _____ August--------------September............ October. ............... N ovem ber............ December............. Average___ Hotels Average___ 78.0 73.7 73.4 72.7 71.1 68.2 63.3 60.7 64.6 67.1 66.9 73.6 69.4 62.7 68.8 58.4 55.1 60.4 59.5 60.5 58.1 62.7 69.2 72.3 72.6 80.3 ........ 64.3 Canning and preserving 46.1 48.6 50.3 57.1 56.0 58.6 74.2 104.7 129.4 77.6 48.1 36.9 31.8 32.7 31.9 37.9 36.0 40.5 47.5 65.6 75.1 51.8 34.4 25.6 24.8 35.4 25.9 24.2 33.5 ____ _ 31.8 36.7 46.2 68.3 127.0 87.1 50.8 39.0 ........ 91.7 79.0 74.9 ------- 85.4 64.5 54.4 ........ 80.9 59.5 71.9 ------- 65.6 42.6 49.6 ........ Laundries January................ February_______ M arch................... A p ril..................... M a y ...................... June____________ July_____________ August....... .......... September............ October................. N ovem ber............ December— ------Average___ ____ 90.5 90.0 89.5 90.5 90.3 91.0 91.8 90.2 89.3 88.1 86.2 85.3 89.4 84.7 82.9 82.0 82.0 81.4 81.0 80.3 78.9 78.6 77.5 76.2 75.9 75.4 75.4 74.4 ____ 73.0 ____ 73.4 ____ 73.5 76.0 ____ 76.3 ____ 77.9 ____ 79.3 ____ 78.0 ____ 75.3 ____ 75.2 ------80.1 75.6 ------- 86.6 85.6 85.6 86.8 86.5 87.1 87.4 84.6 84.1 81.8 78.9 77.4 84.4 Dyeing and cleaning 76.4 73.3 71.6 71.4 70.6 68.6 66.3 63.9 62.9 61.2 59.1 58.7 67.0 57.9 55.5 52.9 54.0 54.5 56.7 56.1 57.6 60.6 59.7 57.9 58.3 56.8 58.9 ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ------------- 88.9 87.4 88.0 95.7 96.7 99.0 98.6 93.5 95.3 94.2 90.1 84.9 92.7 82.1 80.5 80.6 83.3 84.5 85.1 82.4 79.5 83.3 82.3 78.0 75.2 81.4 73.0 70.9 71.2 81.1 82.0 85.6 82.9 83.1 88.6 88.4 82.4 76.3 80.5 73.8 ____ ____ ____ 77.7 75.1 75.6 86.3 86.6 ____ 89.1 ____ 86.2 ____ 80.0 ____ 82.6 ____ 81.4 ____ 74.7 ------- 67.9 ------- 80.3 65.8 62.2 61.7 65.9 67.3 65.8 60.0 56.3 61.0 58.8 52.3 48.4 60.5 46.6 42.4 41.0 54.6 53.9 56.7 52.8 52.8 60.3 60.6 55.4 50.0 52.3 49.4 ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ........ Banks, brokerage insurance, and real estate Januarv February_____________________________________ _____________ M arch_____________________ ____ _______ ___________________ April_______ _____________ ______ _______ ____ ______________ M a y ________________________________________________________ June__________ ____ ____________________ ____ ______________ July_______________________ __________________ _____________ August______________________________________________________ September________ _______ _________________________________ October_____________________________________________________ Novem ber................... ................... ............ ...................................... December_______ ____________ ____ _________________________ Average___ ______ ____________________________________ 98.3 98.3 98.9 98.6 98.0 97.9 98.4 98.5 98.4 98.6 98.0 98.0 98.3 97.5 99.2 96.8 96.5 96.2 96.2 97.3 97.7 98.3 99.0 99.4 99.6 99.3 97.8 93.5 93.0 92.9 92.1 92.7 90.0 89.8 88.2 87.1 86.3 85.7 85.5 89.7 85.2 88.1 84.3 83.7 82.9 83.2 84.4 84.8 84.4 84.5 84.7 86.1 87.4 84.6 Average Man-Hours Worked and Average Hourly Earnings I N THE following tables the Bureau presents a tabulation of man-hours worked per week and average hourly earnings based on reports supplied by identical establishments in December 1933 and January 1934 in 15 industrial groups and 78 separate manufacturing industries. Man-hour data for the building-construction group and 20 for the insurance, real estate, banking, and brokerage group are not available, and data for several of the 89 manufacturing industries surveyed monthly are omitted from these tables due to lack of adequate information. The total number of establishments supplying man-hour data in these 15 industrial groups represents approximately 50 percent of the establishments supplying monthly employment data. The tabulations are based on reports supplying actual man-hours worked and do not include nominal man-hour totals, obtained b y multiplying the total number of employees in the establishment b y the plant operating time. Table 1 shows the average hours worked per employee per week and average hourly earnings in 15 industrial groups and for all groups combined. The average hours per week and average hourly earnings for the combined total of the 15 industrial groups are weighted aver ages, wherein the average man-hours and average hourly earnings in each industrial group are multiplied by the total number of employees in the group in the current month and the sum of these products divided by the total number of employees in the combined 15 indus trial groups. The average man-hours and hourly earnings for the combined 89 manufacturing industries have been weighted in the same manner as the averages for all industrial groups combined (table 1). In presenting information for the separate manufacturing industries shown in table 2, data are published for only those industries in which the available man-hour information covers 20 percent or more of the total number of employees in the industry at the present time. T 1 . —A V E R A G E H O U R S W O R K E D P E R W E E K P E R E M P L O Y E E A N D A V E R A G E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S IN 15 IN D U S T R IA L G R O U P S , IN J A N U A R Y 1934 A N D P E R C E N T OF C H A N G E F R O M D E C E M B E R 1933 able Average hours per week Industrial group January 1934 Manufacturing__________________________________________ ______ Coal mining: Anthracite__________________________________ _____________ Bitum inous_______________________________________________ Metalliferous mining____ ____________________________ _________ Quarrying and nonmetallic mining_________ ______ ____________ ____________________ Crude-petroleum _______________ producing Public utilities: Telephone and telegraph__________________________________ Power and light___________________________________________ Electric-railroad and motor-bus operation and maintenance. Trade: Wholesale_________________________________________________ R e ta il____________________________________________________ Hotels _______________________________________________________ Canning and preserving_______________________________________ Laundries ___________________________________________________ Dyeing and cleaning___________________________________ _______ Average_________________________________________________ Average hourly earnings Percent of Percent o t change change from D e January from D e 1934 cember cember 1933 1933 33.7 -0 .9 Cents 53.3 +0.9* 39.5 30.3 38.7 30.8 36.5 +32.6 + 2 .0 —1.3 -1 .9 + 3 .7 85.0 58.9 53.5 45.6 76.9 + 6 .1 -.5 + .8 + .2 —.5 37.6 38.9 45.0 + .5 -9 .3 -.2 71.6 72.5 59.1 +• 1 + 8 .4 + .2 41.5 40.7 48.9 32.9 38.6 39.2 —.5 -4 .7 —1.8 +. 6 + 1.3 -.3 - 1 .9 61.9 51.1 24.6 40.2 37.9 45.1 + .7 +12.1 + 4 .2 + 1 .8 —.8 + 2 .7 + 3 . 9* 37.0 53.9 21 Per capita weekly earnings, computed by multiplying the average man-hours worked per week by the average hourly earnings, are not identical with the per capita weekly earnings appearing elsewhere in this trend-of-employment compilation, which are obtained by divid ing the total weekly earnings in all establishments reporting by the total number of employees in those establishments. As already noted, the basic information upon which the average weekly manhours and average hourly earnings are computed covers approximately 50 percent of the establishments reporting monthly employment data. , 2 —A V E R A G E H O U R S W O R K E D F O R W E E K P E R E M P L O Y E E A N D A V E R A G E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S IN S E L E C T E D M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S , IN J A N U A R Y 1934 A N D P E R C E N T OF C H A N G E F R O M D E C E M B E R 1933 T a b le Average hours per week Industry January 1934 F ood and kindred products: ........... ■Raking . . T _ _ Beverages_______ _________________________________________ Confectionery______________________________________ _____ Flour................................................................................................. Ice cream........ ..................... .......... .............. ................................. Slaughtering and meat packing____________________________ Sugar, beet-.................. .......... ........................................................ Sugar refining, cane...... ............................................................... Textiles and their products: Fabrics: Carpets and rugs..................................................................... Cotton goods___________________ ______________________ Cotton small wares___________________________________ Dyeing and finishing textiles_______________ ;__________ Knit goods____________________________________________ Silk and rayon goods_________________________________ Woolen and worsted goods_________________________ Iron and steel and their products, not including machinery: Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets___________________________ Cast-iron pipe______ ______________________________________ Cutlery (not including silver and plated cutlery) and edge tools______________________ _____________________ ____ __ Forgings, iron and steel___________________________________ Hardware___________________ ______________ _________ __ Iron and steel............... .................................................................. Plumbers’ supplies................................................................. ....... Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and steam fittings— Stoves__________________________________________ _____ __ Structural and ornamental metal work............... ..................... T in cans and other tin w a re--.................... ................................ Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools, files, and saws) ............................................................................................. Wire work................ .............................................. ...................... Machinery, not including transportation equipment: Agricultural implements................................... .......................... Cash registers, adding machines, and calculating machines.. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies......... .............. Engines, turbines, tractors, and water wheels......................... Foundry and machine-shop products........................................ Machine tools................................................................................. Radios and phonographs___________________ ___________ __ Textile machinery and parts........ ........................ ..................... Typewriters and supplies............ ................................................ Nonferrous metals and their products: A lu m in u m manufactures__________________ _______________ Brass, bronze, and copper products............ ............................. Clocks and watches and time-recording devices____________ Jewelry.............................................................................. ............. Lighting equipment_______________________________________ Silverware and plated ware............ ............................................. Smelting and refining—copper, lead, and zinc_____ ________ Stamped and enameled ware....................................................... 1 N o change. Average hourly earnings Percent Percent of change January of change from D e from D e 1934 cember cember 1933 1933 40.8 37.2 37. 2 38.7 40.9 40.9 35.3 34.1 + 0 .5 —2.4 + 1 .1 + 1 .6 - 1 .9 + 1 .7 —28.1 -2 .8 Cents 50.8 74.5 40.7 50.5 62.9 52.5 49.7 58.5 + 0 .2 —2.0 + 1 .0 —1.4 + 1 .1 + .2 +21.2 + 1 .6 32.3 34.1 34.8 33.3 27.9 31.0 33.8 +3. 5 + 2 .4 + 1 .8 —5.4 —18.4 0) —. 6 49.7 37.4 45.0 52. 5 46.3 44.2 49.1 + 1 .0 + .3 + .9 + .8 + 2 .0 + 1 .1 + 1 .2 32.6 30.7 -2 .7 -7 . 5 51.4 47.2 + 2 .8 +. 4 36. 2 34. 7 33.1 29.4 26.8 34.0 30.5 31.1 34.3 —3. 5 +. 6 —3.2 - 2 .3 —3.9 + 3 .0 —3.8 - 4 .3 —8.0 52.7 56.8 52.9 58.5 50.5 56.4 52.2 55.5 55.4 + 1 .0 —. 5 —4 0) —2.9 + 1 .3 + .2 —.4 + 5 .7 35.3 37.9 + .6 + 7 .4 50.9 56.6 —.6 + 5 .8 36.4 39.2 31.5 36.2 33.4 37.0 30.3 36.9 38.3 + 1.1 -1 .5 (0 - 1 .1 + .9 —.5 —2. 6 + .8 —5.9 53.1 65.0 57.0 60.1 56.8 57.9 54.1 61. 7 50. 5 + .6 + .2 —.9 —.2 —.4 + .2 + 1 .9 —1.6 + .6 31.5 35.4 35.8 31. 5 35.9 36.6 36.7 33.7 —8.7 0) -6 .5 —15.1 —6. 5 —8. 0 + 8 .3 48.2 53.5 45.8 52.0 51.5 50.3 50.6 48.1 + 3 .4 + 2 .0 —1.9 + 1 .8 + .2 + 1 .0 —1.7 + .4 0) 22 T a b l e 2L— A V E R A G E H O U R S W O R K E D F O R W E E K P E R E M P L O Y E E A N D A V E R A G E h o u r l y e a r n i n g s i n s e l e c t e d m a n u f a c t u r in g i n d u s t r i e s , i n J a n u a r y 1934 A N D P E R C E N T O F C H A N G E F R O M D E C E M B E R 1933—Continued Average hours per week Industry Transportation equipment: Aircraft___________________________________________________ Autom obiles___________________________________________ __ Cars, electric- and steam-railroad ________________________ Locom otives ________________________ __________________ Shipbuilding , .................................. , .... - -Railroad repair shops: Electric railroad___________________________________________ Steam railroad___________________________ ____ ____________ Lum ber and allied products: Furniture. _______________________________________________ Lumber: M illw ork_____________________________________________ Sawmills______________________________________________ Stone, clay, and glass products: Brick, tile, and terra cotta_________________________________ Cement_______________________________________________ ____ Glass______________________________________________'_______ Marble, granite, slate, and other products_________________ Pottery___________________________________________________ Leather and its manufactures: Leather____ _______________________________________________ Paper and printing: Boxes, p a p e r _____________________________________________ Paper and p ulp___________________________________________ Printing and publishing: Book and jo b __________________________________- _______ Newspapers and periodicals___________________________ Chemicals and allied products: Chemicals ___________________________________________ Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal___________________________ Druggists’ preparations _____________________________ - __ Explosives ______________________ _____________ Fertilizers___ _______________________________- ____ - _______ Paints and varnishes______________________________________ Petroleum r e f i n i n g __________________________________________ _ R ayon and allied products________________________________ Soap - - ________________________________ R ubber products: R ubber goods, other than boots, shoes, tires, and inner tubes. Rubber tires and inner tubes ____________ - _______ T obacco manufactures: Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff__________________ Cigars and cigarettes______________________________________ Average hourly earnings Percent Percent change January of change January of from D e from D e 1934 1934 cember cember 1933 1933 39.5 32.4 32.2 32.1 30.1 —0.3 + 5 .5 -3 .0 + .9 —3. 5 Cents 65.4 63.1 56.8 60.0 69.6 43.6 36.3 —1.1 -3 .7 58.2 61.4 30.3 - 7 .9 44.6 + 2 .5 32.7 31.8 -3 .5 -3 .9 44.0 42.3 + 2 .3 —.2 30.7 31.4 33.8 29.8 33.7 + 1 .0 + 7 .9 - .9 -6 .0 -1 0 .8 42.4 55.7 52.3 60.3 47.8 + 3 .2 —1.1 + .4 (0 + 6 .2 37.1 -2 .4 52.3 + .6 34.4 35.3 - 5 .0 0) 49.6 49.8 + 2 .3 —.2 36.3 37.1 -.5 —1.6 71.0 82.6 - .3 —.6 39.2 41.8 37.3 34.1 33.3 37.8 35.5 36.0 38.4 -1 .3 + 1 .7 -2 .4 + 1 .8 + .3 -.8 —.6 —5.0 + 1 .1 60.0 25.1 48.7 61.0 36.1 53.8 69.3 48.3 52.9 + .2 —.4 + 3 .4 + 1 .0 + .6 + .6 + .6 + .2 + .8 33.9 30.3 - 2 .6 + 1 .7 51.6 71.9 + 4 .9 —.4 36.3 35.4 + 4 .0 - 4 .6 37.5 36.3 —2.1 + .6 + 1 .4 -.6 -2 .2 +. 5 + 8.1 (0 0) 23 Employment in Building Construction in January 1934 I N January 1934, as compared with December 1933, the percentages of increase or decrease in employment, pay rolls, and man-hours in building construction were as follows: Percent Total employment__________________________________ Total pay rolls______________________________________ Total man-hours worked___________________________ Average weekly earnings___________________________ Average hours per week per man__________________ Average hourly earnings____________________________ — 12. 6 — 9. 3 — 8.0 +3. 7 +3. 7 +1. 2 The table following is based on returns made by 11,142 firms engaged on public and private building-construction projects not aided by public-works funds. These reports include all trades, from excavation through painting and interior decoration, which do their share of work in erecting, altering, or repairing buildings. Work on roads, bridges, docks, etc., is omitted. The reports cover build ing operations in various localities in 34 States and the District of Columbia. The 11,142 firms employed 62,144 workers in January as compared to 71,114 workers in December, and had a total pay roll of $1,365,907 in January as compared with $1,506,686 in December. The average weekly earnings for the January group amounted to $21.98 as com pared to $21.19 for the December group of workers. These are per capita weekly earnings, computed by dividing the total amount of the weekly pay roll by the total number of employees—part time as well as full time. Of the 11,142 cooperating firms, 7,471 firms, or 67.1 percent, re ported the man-hours worked by their employees, namely, 816,125 in January as compared with 886,670 in December. The average hours per week per man were computed by dividing the total number of man-hours by the total number of workers employed by the 7,471 firms which reported the man-hours. The average hourly earnings were computed by dividing the total pay roll of the 7,471 firms which reported man-hours, by the man-hours. 42725— 34-------4 E M P A O Y M E N T , P A Y R O LLS , A V E R A G E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S, A V E R A G E H OU RS P E R W E E K P E R M A N , A N D A V E R A G E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S IN T H E BU ILD IN G - CONSTR U CTIO N INDU STR Y IN J A N U A R Y 1934, A N D P E R C E N T A G E S OF C H A N G E F R O M D E C E M B E R 1933 Employment Locality Num ber of firms Num report ber on ing pay roll Janu ary 1934 Average weekly earnings Pay rolls Per cent of change from Decem ber 1933 Amount January 1934 Average hours per week per man 1 Per Per cent of cent of Num change Amount ber change January from from Janu 1934 Decem Decem ary 1934 ber 1933 ber 1933 Average hourly earnings 1 Per Per cent of Amount cent of change January change from from 1934 Decem Decem ber 1933 ber 1933 11,142 62,144 -1 2 .6 $1,365,907 - 9 .3 $21.98 + 3 .7 27.9 + 3 .7 Cents 77.5 + 1 .2 75 254 -1 1 .5 3,487 - 4 .6 13.73 + 7 .8 25.1 + 3 .7 53.0 + 3.7 23 25 15 1,172 484 336 + 4 .0 -2 6 .9 - 3 .7 23,113 15,385 7,364 +. 6 +11.8 - 3 .2 19.72 31.79 21.92 - 3 .3 +52.9 + .5 (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) The S tate..................... 63 1,992 - 6 .8 45,862 + 3 .4 23.02 +11.0 (3) (3) (3) (3) Colorado: D enver__________ Connecticut: Bridgeport........................ Hartford. ______ ________ New H aven_____ ______ 224 612 - 8 .1 11,865 - 9 .8 19.39 - 1 .9 25.1 + .8 78.4 - 3 .7 126 252 178 325 686 668 -1 9 .0 -1 6 .3 -1 3 .9 7,176 15,000 16,424 -1 1 .1 - 9 .1 + 5 .9 22.08 21.87 24.59 + 9 .7 + 8 .6 +23.0 26.6 30.8 32.6 (4) + 7.3 +25.9 81.6 68.3 75.1 +10.6 + 1.9 -.1 The State____________ 556 1,679 -1 5 .9 38,600 - 3 .7 22.99 +14.5 30.8 +13.4 73.3 + 2 .7 115 482 617 5,463 + ,5 - 5 .7 10,890 159,276 + .3 + 5 .4 17.65 29.16 -.2 +11.8 28.6 31.9 + 3 .2 +34.4 61.9 90.7 - 4 .2 + 1.5 57 85 208 664 -5 9 .9 -2 3 .2 4, 019 13,250 -5 4 .0 -2 1 .1 19.32 19.95 +14.7 + 2 .7 27.9 27.4 -1 2 .0 - 6 .5 67.7 70.8 +12.8 +10.6 The State____________ 142 872 -3 7 .0 17,269 - 3 2 .4 19.80 + 7.3 27.5 - 8 .0 70.0 +11.3 Georgia: Atlanta___________ Illinois: Chicago 2...... ..................... Other localities 2............... 174 900 -1 2 .9 14,379 -1 4 .0 15.98 - 1 .3 27.2 + 8 .8 55.2 -1 0 .4 137 97 234 1,684 1,268 2,952 +16.8 -3 5 .5 -1 3 .4 34,442 34, 251 + 8.1 -3 3 .6 (3) (3) (3) (3) -1 7 .7 - 7 .5 + 2.9 - 5 .0 (3) (3) 68,693 20.45 27.01 23.27 (3) (3) (3) All localities................. Alabama: Birmingham......... California: Los Angeles 2...... .............. San Francisco-Oakland 2. Other localities2—........... Delaware: W ilm ington_____ District of Columbia........ . Florida: Jacksonville_____ _____ _ M iam i................................ The State....................... (3) (3) (3) to Indiana: Evansville....... ............ ....... Fort W ayne_____________ Indianapolis_____________ South B end ______ ____ -2 3 .4 1,371 -17.1 26,656 -14.0 19. 44 + 3 .7 27.3 -.5 70.4 + 3 .8 Iowa: Des Moines___________ Kansas: W ichita____ _______ Kentucky: Louisville.............. Louisiana: New Orleans......... Maine: Portland_____ _____ _ M aryland: Baltimore 2______ Massachusetts: All localities 2. 249 171 773 533 285 1,279 3, 559 -14.4 +. 6 -18.3 -12.8 - 1 .0 -12.1 5,071 2,639 13,733 9,381 5,956 23,688 84,093 -1 1 .6 - 2 .9 - 8 .8 -1 3 .8 - 7 .7 +10.2 20.37 15.43 17.77 17.60 20.90 18.52 23.63 + 3.3 - 3 .4 + 1 .4 + 5 .5 + 5 .9 +11.4 + 6 .2 27.1 24.9 30.6 27.4 28.3 (3) (3) - 1 .8 -.4 + 1.3 + .4 -.4 (3) (3) 76.3 64.8 56.0 62.1 71.6 (3) (3) + 5 .4 -.9 - 1 .8 + 6.3 + 5 .3 (3) (3) Michigan: Detroit_______ F lint_________ Grand Rapids. 2,659 130 222 -24.2 -23.1 -27.2 57,581 1,880 3,837 -22.0 -31.0 -12.2 21.66 + 2 .9 -1 0 .2 +20.6 32.1 20.4 25.1 +11.5 -1 3 .9 + 4.1 69.0 71.6 67.7 -.1 +10.0 +15.1 The State_____________ + 1 .9 -1 0 .3 - 2 1 .0 - 10.0 - 10.2 - 5 .5 -1 9 .3 - 6 .9 The State. 3,011 -2 4 .4 63,298 -2 1 .8 Minnesota: D uluth_____ Minneapolis. St. Paul____ 199 934 804 -32.8 -20.6 -3 .4 3,069 19,092 20,420 -2 0 .2 -1 3 .8 +16.7 The State. 1,937 -1 5 .9 42,581 1,151 2,502 -17.0 -12.8 3,653 Missouri: Kansas C it y 5 St. Louis........ The State. Nebraska: Omaha. 14. 57 20.06 19.27 23.43 14.46 17.28 -1 1 .9 + 5 .4 + 2 .2 +21.5 21.2 29.2 27.0 30.3 -5 .0 - 1 .4 + 7 .4 + 2 .3 2,361 5,617 14,296 4,382 162 742 187 + 3 .4 +18.7 + 8 .5 +20.8 25.8 26.6 30.5 +15. 2 + 9.9 +10.9 68.5 78.4 83.2 -7 .4 + 1 .3 +12.4 -2 .1 21.9 +16.4 28.2 +11.3 80.0 + 5 .5 22,510 64,614 -25.5 -18.6 19.56 25.82 -1 0 .2 -6 .7 23.0 25.4 -1 0 .9 - 3 .1 87.1 103.3 + .6 - 2 .1 -14.2 87,124 -2 0 .5 23.85 - 7 .3 24.6 - 5 .7 18.6 -1 .0 -14.2 13,089 -1 0 .8 23.50 +3.S 2.1 + 6 .3 74.5 -.4 -.7 -1 4 .1 137,972 105,954 +. 4 -12.8 29. 77 22.60 + 1 .2 + 1 .6 (3) (3) The State. 9,322 - 7 .9 243,926 - 5 .8 26.17 + 2 .4 (3) 300 +13.2 4,656 + 9 .2 15.52 - 3 .5 26.7 + 1 .2 15.42 20.44 25.40 4,634 1 Averages computed from reports furnished b y 7,471 firms. 2 Data supplied b y cooperating State bureaus. 3 N ot available. 66.6 68.9 69.5 77.2 +10.0 New York: New York City 2. Other localities 2_. North Carolina; Charlotte_______________________________ _________ _______ _ - 1 0 .5 + 3 .5 - 4 .6 +17.9 (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) - 5 .3 4 N o change. 5 Includes both Kansas City, M o., and Kansas City, Kan. 58.5 + 7 .3 E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O LLS, A V E R A G E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S, A V E R A G E H O U R S P E R W E E K P E R M A N , A N D A V E R A G E H O U R L Y E A R N INGS IN T H E B U IL D IN G -C O N STR U CT IO N IN D U ST R Y IN J A N U A R Y 1934, A N D P E R C E N T A G E S OF C H A N G E F R O M D E C E M B E R 1933— Continued Employment Locality Num ber of firms N um report ber on ing pay roll Janu ary 1934 Per cent of change from Decem ber 1933 Average weekly earnings Pay rolls Amount January 1934 Average hours per week per man 1 Per Per cent of Am ount cent of N um change January change ber from from Janu 1934 Decem Decem ary 1934 ber 1933 ber 1933 Average hourly earnings 1 Per Per cent of cent of change Amount change January from from Decem 19, 1934 Decem ber 1933 ber 1933 Ohio: Akron________________ C incinnati6__________ Cleveland...................... D ayton................ .......... Youngstown......... ........ 83 469 623 119 76 180 1,291 1,725 344 239 -2 4 .7 -1 5 .2 -1 4 .3 -1 5 .9 +20.7 $2,958 28,760 44, 567 6,617 3,769 -2 8 .7 -1 4 .8 - 7 .7 - 5 .7 +26.0 $16.43 22.28 25.84 19. 24 15. 77 - 5 .4 +. 5 + 7 .8 +12.2 + 4 .4 24.3 26.4 26.8 27.2 21.9 -1 0 .0 (*) + 8.1 + 5 .4 + 6 .8 Cents 68.8 84.1 98.2 70.6 71.1 + 6 .2 + .2 + .2 + 6 .0 - 2 .6 The State............ ....... 1,370 3,779 -1 3 .8 86,671 - 9 .9 22.93 + 4 .5 26.3 + 3 .4 87.9 + 1 .3 Oklahoma: Oklahoma C ity_______ Tulsa._____ ____ _____ 105 54 418 158 -1 1 .6 -1 3 .2 7, 587 2,881 -1 3 .2 - 1 0 .5 18.15 18. 23 - 1 .8 +23.1 26.9 25.0 +• 7 + 1 .6 67.8 75.6 - 3 .7 + 4 .9 - 1 .1 The State.......... ........ 159 576 - 1 2 .1 10,468 - 1 2 .5 18.17 -.5 26.4 + .9 70.0 Oregon: Portland.............. . Pennsylvania: * Erie area 2____________ Philadelphia area 2___ Pittsburgh area2_____ Reading-Lebanon area Scranton area 2_______ Other areas 2................. 189 535 -2 6 .8 10,431 -3 3 .0 19. 50 - 8 .4 25.3 - 7 .3 77.0 22 445 236 47 30 303 584 3, 743 1,104 260 98 2,029 +17.5 -1 4 .7 -2 2 .3 - 8 .1 -3 8 .4 - 8 .1 3,330 72, 260 24,158 4,494 1,896 32,409 + 8 .9 -1 1 .1 -1 7 .0 -1 0 .2 -3 6 .4 -1 7 .0 5. 70 19.31 21.88 17.28 19. 35 15. 97 - 7 .3 + 4 .3 + 6.8 - 2 .3 + 3 .2 - 9 .7 (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) - 2 .9 (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) The State.......... ........ 1,083 7,818 -1 2 .7 138,547 -1 3 .7 17. 72 - 1 .1 (3) Rhode Island: Providence. Tennessee: Chattanooga.................. Knoxville_____________ M em phis_______ ____ _ Nashville....... ................ 252 1,125 -1 3 .0 23, 698 - 8 .5 21.06 + 5.1 29.1 + 4 .3 73.1 + 2 .5 33 49 80 83 121 249 267 536 - 4 .7 -1 3 .2 + 4 .3 -1 2 .4 1,720 3,036 4,064 7, 560 + 3 .0 -2 0 .6 + .5 -1 7 .5 14. 21 12.19 15. 22 14.10 + 8.1 - 8 .5 - 3 .6 - 5 .8 23.1 24.5 28.4 26.1 + 6.5 - 6 .1 + 8 .0 - 4 .4 59.6 53.1 53.5 56.1 + 3 .7 -.2 - 9 .6 + 2 .7 The State........ .......... 245 1,173 - 8 .5 16,380 -1 2 .4 13.96 - 4 .3 25.9 -1 .0 55.2 -.5 to O) Texas: Dallas........... . El Paso....... . Houston_____ San Antonio.. 188 25 189 126 534 144 776 398 - 6 .8 +60.0 -2 5 .4 -.7 7,446 1,678 12,050 5,377 The State______ 528 1,852 -1 2 .0 26,551 Utah: Salt Lake C ity. 89 177 - 3 .8 2,982 87 139 502 630 + 7.5 - 9 .6 8,730 12, 581 226 1,132 - 2 .7 159 56 82 414 145 295 297 48 58 Virginia: N orfolk-Portsmouth.. Richm ond................ . The State . Washington: Seattle___ Spokane— T a com a.. The State. West Virginia: W heeling. Wisconsin: All localities 2_ - 5 .6 +30.6 -3 2 .4 - 1 .6 -.9 - 8 .9 - 4 .9 -1 8 .0 60.9 59.4 60.1 65.8 + 3.7 - 9 .7 - 4 .0 +27.5 23.2 - 7 .7 61.3 + 2 .9 22.7 -1 3 .7 75.0 + 2.2 27.4 30.2 +17.6 + 2 .0 62.4 65.8 - 1 .4 + 3.9 +12.6 28.8 + 7.3 64.2 + 1.3 17.49 21. 38 19. 76 - 4 .6 +. 8 +28.3 21.2 29.0 25.7 - 4 .5 + 3.9 +44.4 83.5 77.2 76.5 -.7 - 1 .4 - 9 .3 -1 1 .7 18. 93 + 4 .2 24.0 + 8 .2 79.7 - 3 .7 -3 5 .9 -1 6 .4 16. 32 21.60 - 7 .2 +24.1 22.2 (3) - 5 .1 (3) 75.1 (3) - 1 .1 (3) 13.94 11.65 15. 53 13. 51 + 1 .2 -1 8 .4 - 9 .3 -.9 -1 8 .2 14. 34 - 7 .1 -1 3 .3 16. 85 - 9 .8 +20.9 + 2.7 17. 39 19.97 +12.4 +13.6 21,311 + 9 .4 18. 33 -2 5 .4 -2 7 .1 +16.1 7, 239 3,100 5,829 -2 8 .8 -2 6 .6 +49.0 854 -1 5 .3 16,168 76 706 -3 0 .9 -3 2 .7 1,240 15,248 23.0 19.5 25.4 20.9 bO 1 Averages computed from reports furnished by 7,471 firms. 2 Data supplied b y cooperating State bureau. 3N ot available. 4N o change. 6 Includes Covington and Newport, K y. 7 Each separate area includes from 2 to 8 counties, 28 Trend of Employment in January 1934, by States LUCTUATIONS in employment and pay-roll totals, in January 1934 as compared with December 1933, in certain industrial groups are shown by States in the table following. These tabulations have been prepared from data secured directly from reporting estab lishments and from information supplied by cooperating State agen cies. The combined total of all groups does not include buildingconstruction data, information concerning which is shown by city and State totals under the section “ Building construction.” In addition to the combined total of all groups, the trend of employmenand pay rolls in the manufacturing, public utility, hotel, wholesale trade, retail trade, bituminous-coal mining, crude-petroleum product ing, quarrying and nonmetallic mining, metalliferous mining, laundry, and dyeing and cleaning groups is presented. In this State compila tion, the totals of the telephone and telegraph, power and light, and electric-railroad operation groups have been combined and are pre sented as one group— public utilities. Due to the extreme seasonal fluctuations in the canning and preserving industry, and the fact that during certain months the activity in this industry in a number of States is negligible, data for this industry are not presented separately. The number of employees and the amount of weekly pay roll in De cember 1933 and January 1934 as reported by identical establishments in this industry are included, however, in the combined total of “ all groups.” The percentages of change shown in the accompanying table, unless otherwise noted, are unweighted; that is, the industries included in the groups, and the groups comprising the total of all groups, have not been weighted according to their relative importance in the combined totals. The State totals for the anthracite-mining industry, which is confined entirely to the State of Pennsylvania, will be found in table 1, nonmanufacturing industries. When the identity of any reporting company would be disclosed by the publication of a State total for any industrial group, figures for the group do not appear in the separate industrial-group tabulation, but are included in the State totals for “ all groups.” Dat?a are not presented for any industrial group when the representation in the State covers less than three establishments. F 29 C 0 M P A R I S 0 N 1 0 F E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN ID E N T IC A L E S T A B L IS H M E N T S [IN D E C E M B E R 1933 A N D J A N U A R Y 1934, B Y S T A T E S j I Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y cooperating State organizations] Manufacturing Total—all groups Em ploym ent State N um ber of estab lish ments Em ploym ent Pay roll (1 week) Pay roll (1 week) Per Per cent N um cent Percent Percent N um of ber of N um of of of ber on change Amount, change estab ber on change Amount, change from lish payroll, from January January payroll, from from 1934 1934 De ments Janu Decem Janu D e Decem cem ary 1934 ber 1953 ary 1934 cem ber 1933 ber ber 1933 1933 209 42 178 46,207 1,792 12,487 1,101 135, 450 118 11, 358 - 1 .1 $586,918 32, 305 - 7 .9 158,521 +. 8 - 2 .3 3,050,851 -2 3 .3 215,474 - 2 .3 -8 .9 + 1.3 - 1.8 -2 5 .7 - 3 .2 -7 .6 - 7 .2 + 1 .7 + 1 .2 610 126, 476 46 6, 528 3,149 49 128 12,918 305 71,878 - 2 .8 2, 246,618 - 7 .4 124,428 -1 0 .0 100,305 - 9 .7 175,880 849,919 + 1 .3 -3 .6 -1 0 .6 -1 4 .6 -1 2 .9 + 3 .0 - 9 .8 529 64,992 - 2 .4 A labam a.............. . 393 Arizona........ .......... 9,126 + .8 i 422 18,182 Arkansas_________ +• 7 California________ 2 1,879 246,507 - 3 .9 814 31,944 -1 2 .3 Colorado_________ $856,132 - 3 .5 181,944 + 2 .4 253, 624 + 8.4 5, 896,822 - 2.2 640, 297 -1 3 .1 Connecticut______ Delaware________ Dist. of Columbia. Florida___________ Georgia__________ 2, 790,203 200, 319 750,390 486, 249 1,190,934 1, 074 147,380 156 9,608 605 32,648 652 31,156 995 89, 534 - 2 .9 -6 .4 -9 .8 + 5 .8 + .5 226 Idaho___________ 9, 736 Illinois.................... 31,762 328,448 Indiana__________ 1,275 125, 636 1,160 46, 673 Iow a________ ____ Kansas______ ____ s 1, 459 67,704 + .2 - 2 .4 -2 .4 -.4 -2 .5 Kentucky-----------863 62, 608 469 32,356 Louisiana...... ........ 527 45, 567 Maine __________ 1,006 91,335 M aryland________ Massachusetts___ 5 7,989 362,189 - 6 .3 -4 .2 + 1 .2 -5 .2 -4 .0 2,282,065 875,187 1,490,767 162, 927 - 1 .9 +• 5 - 2.8 33 4,848 1,105 206,195 546 94,365 404 24, 216 439 25,702 1, 008,947 522, 961 777,176 1,773,721 7,547,725 - 3 .9 -2 .4 + 2 .4 - 5 .9 -1 .9 192 21,844 348,699 - 9 .5 - 4 .9 272,608 191 19,479 644,712 175 39,208 1 + 2 .2 633 64,393 6 - 2 . 7 1,176,294 - . 9 3,455,420 1,131 186,310 -1 2 .2 - 1 .3 + 3 .9 6 - 3 .9 + .5 773 298,740 273 29,648 64 6,132 498 56,320 50 3, 386 + 15.3 6,335,852 - 2 .3 572,133 + 1 .7 72,407 + .3 1,027, 572 -5 .5 57,860 +22.7 - 5 .8 + 4 .9 +. 5 -2 1 .8 117 10, 547 19 233 177 32,128 7 698 190,476 20 548 -1 3 .7 225,355 - 1 .7 5,498 + 4 .9 519,969 - 2 . 9 3,925,329 +10.0 8,972 -9 .9 - 4 .4 + 9 .5 -4 .5 + 1 .6 - 2 .7 81,815 345,884 549 129, 332 -5 .6 852 + .8 58 - 2 .9 1,784 292, 567 -2 .5 149 10,373 - . 6 7 ,881,065 - . 7 1, 518,325 - 4 .4 17,497 - 1 . 2 5,358,370 - 3 .6 184,158 + 1.0 -6 .0 -.2 -1 .7 -5 .9 -1 2 .0 261,738 - 4 . 4 6,096,666 + 5 .9 738,346 - 1 .2 636,462 + .3 46,150 -1 5 .0 - 7 .0 + 6 .9 +. 6 - 3 .6 -4 .4 + 1.2 +• 7 -1 1 .9 -.3 629,198 759,886 92,438 75, 758 923,839 - 7 .7 + .* -1 9 .0 -1 1 .9 -.4 -6 .2 507,782 -.9 819,415 - 1 .0 1,981,594 -1 9 .1 28,441 -8 .0 -.6 6 - 1 .9 -1 8 .5 6,907,624 -.8 M ichigan_____ M innesota_______ Mississippi_______ M issouri_________ M ontana_________ 1,650 328, 591 +11.3 6,993, 219 +15.7 1,361,030 - 5 . 4 1,066 66, 216 - 5 . 2 348 9, 699 - 1 .5 128,100 + 1 .2 1,195 107, 778 - 2 . 7 ' 2,158,844 - 1 .6 215, 699 - 8 .6 335 9,898 - 3 .7 N ebraska........ ....... N evada__________ N ew H am pshire.. N ew Jersey_______ N ew M exico_____ 724 22,410 132 1,652 472 36,373 1,536 206, 250 189 4,917 -8 .8 -.1 + 3 .3 - 3 .3 + .7 476,755 41,134 616,641 4,499, 418 88,900 N ew Y ork _______ North Carolina__ North Dakota .. O h io______ ____ _ Oklahoma________ 7,740 538,204 909 135,129 4,312 337 4,973 406,996 844 31,349 - 5 .1 -.6 -.3 -3 .2 - 2 .1 13, 369, 415 1, 612, 702 87,766 7,792,807 616,443 Oregon___________ Pennsylvania____ Rhode Island____ South Carolina___ South D a k ota .. .. 700 27,416 4,864 649,778 867 56,112 419 55,856 259 6,353 -7 .6 538,688 - 1 .9 13, 405, 214 + 3.1 1,030,132 -1 .4 706,926 150,912 -2 .6 - 7 .9 + 4 .5 + 3 .6 + .6 -2 .9 Tennessee........... . Texas ............... ....... U t a h ................. . V erm ont............. . Virginia........... ....... 711 744 334 374 1,236 63, 549 63,635 15,626 8,607 80,850 - 4 .5 - 1.1 -1 .0 - 8 .9 -.9 932,971 1,387,012 285, 777 157, 208 1, 341,121 - 6 .1 - 1 .4 - 8 .6 - 8 .4 -.5 1,107 53,111 W ashington........... 864 120,058 W est Virginia Wisconsin............... 01, 048 144,461 191 5,857 W yom ing............. - 9 .7 - 1 .1 -3 .0 - 5 .5 1,073,340 - 7 .3 2, 209,004 + .1 2,545,588 - 1 . 4 132,931 -1 3 .3 - 5 .1 -.2 + 7 .7 - 4 .1 -4 .2 151 15, 256 1,748 361,102 248 43,719 166 51,173 44 2, 336 248 377 74 109 379 45,699 37,471 6,403 4, 227 59,034 249 28, 291 171 44,365 774 116,857 25 1,137 -1 .9 73,779 - 1 3 .9 - 2.2 4,003,125 + (*) - . 4 1,659,178 -.4 444,079 -.9 -.9 - 1.0 530,596 -2 .3 0 1 Includes automobile dealers and garages, and sand, gravel, and building construction. 2 Includes banks, insurance, and office employment. 3 Includes building and contracting. * Less than one tenth of 1 percent. 8 Includes construction, municipal, agricultural, and office employment, amusement and recreation, professional, and transportation services. 6 Weighted percent of change. 7 Includes laundries. 8 Includes laundering and cleaning. 9 Includes construction but does not include hotels and restaurants, and public works. 30 C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN ID E N T IC A L E S T A B L IS H M E N T S IN D E C E M B E R 1933 A N D J A N U A R Y 1934, B Y S T A T E S — Continued [Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y cooperating State organizations] Wholesale trade Employment Retail trade Pay roll (1 week) Employment Pay roll (1 week) Per Per N um cent N um cent ber of ber of N um Percent N um of of estab estab ber on of change mount, change ber on Amount, lish lish payroll, change A January January from ments payroll, from from 1934 1934 D e ments Janu Decem Janu D e cem ary 1934 ber 1933 ary 1934 cem ber ber 1933 1933 $16,431 5,753 16,105 149,487 22,420 - 6 .9 + 4 .4 - 24.6 +• 4 - 2 .1 178 119 123 267 2,136 1,881 1,608 24,553 4, 265 -1 8 .7 -1 0 .5 +18.5 29,006 2,476 23, 792 30,856 16,251 + 4 .3 + 1 .6 - 2 .9 + 7 .2 - 2 .3 121 33 389 92 355 5,019 575 11.583 2,508 4, 533 - 3,348 54,881 38,980 27,953 58,737 - 1 .4 - 1 .8 + 2 .1 + 1 .2 - 4 .5 62 173 188 109 537 1,015 28.583 6,493 3,096 6,980 + .3 - 1 .5 -1 .9 -.4 7, 851 14,577 9,789 48,935 891,188 -.6 - 3 .3 -.7 + .8 -.9 78 36 62 45 \, 149 3,349 3,018 1,053 7,826 3,012 5,358 122 4,811 212 -.2 -.4 -3 .2 - 2 .7 -1 .4 69,603 133, 663 2,299 124,468 6,419 -4 .0 -2 .0 -3 .6 - 1 .7 -.5 157 230 29 138 79 11,875 8,177 386 10,118 844 -2 7 .5 -1 6 .8 -2 9 .7 25,972 + 1 .5 3, 551 + 3 .6 4,027 + 1.1 18, 292 + 1 .6 2, 507 -1 0.7 185 38 70 417 1,920 249 Alabam a... Arizona___ Arkansas... California.. C olorado.. 15 24 28 96 25 Connecticut........... Delaware............... D ist. of Columbia. Florida— ............... Georgia...... ............ 51 8 35 79 35 117 796 1,317 644 Id a h o .. . Illinois. . Indiana. Iow a___ Kansas— 10 48 75 38 130 2,289 1,654 1,122 2,330 - 2 .3 382 638 413 2,057 15,172 110 K entucky----------Louisiana............. M aine................... M aryland............. M assachusetts.. . 20 25 17 M ich ig a n ... M innesota.. Mississippi.. Missouri___ M ontana— 635 232 688 5,878 838 + 5 .5 -8 1 7 -.1 + .5 + 4 .0 -2 .5 - 1.0 - 1.2 + 6.1 - 1. 2 - .1 - 1 .1 -8 .5 Percent of change from Decem ber 1933 $35,494 29,050 19,919 522,384 82, 590 +48. £ -1 6 .1 -1 1.3 . 2 1 .6 + 1 .8 -1 3 .3 101, 656 12,238 234,877 47, 250 70,022 —6. 5 - 8 .9 -1 5 .5 + 6 .1 -10.0* +13.7 -1 6 .9 -2 4 .8 - 1 6 .0 -1 1 .0 14,832 483, 469 116,927 58, 849 119,649 + 4 .3 - 1 1 .7 -1 9 .0 - 4 .4 - 5 .7 -2 3 .9 58, 261 - 1 5 .2 44,112 -1 0 .5 20, 841 - 8 0 .0 126,148 - 1 3 .8 1,266,800 -1 6 .4 -1 6 .9 -4 .8 -2 7 .1 -9 .7 - 22.6 -1 5 .9 12 .6 12.2 - 1 5 .5 - 6.1 -1 5 .3 242,209 137,430 3,990 187,133 17,341 —18.0* -1 2 .3 -1 6 . 6 -1 8 .9 ' -7 .3 -1 5 .2 -6 .7 -2 8 .1 -2 9 .7 (10) 35,013 5, 583 13,242 174, 325 5, 609 -8 .2 - 9 .1 -1 3 . 8 -2 3 . 8 - 5 .1 - 21.8 Nebraska.............. N evada_________ N ew Hampshire . New Jersey_____ New M exico........ 32 8 11 24 6 992 112 154 659 78 - 4 .5 -.9 - .6 + 1 .2 -1 .3 New Y ork______ North C arolin a.. North D a k o ta -. . Ohio...... ................ Oklahoma............ 442 14 17 223 53 13, 308 164 270 5,198 1,042 - 1 .5 -3 .0 -2 .9 - 1 .3 -.2 397, 512 3, 677 6,932 127, 210 24, 237 - 2 .4 + 2 .7 - 5 .2 - 1 .6 + 4 .8 3,914 157 84,521 698 271 35, 687 2,879 -2 2 .3 1,950,158 -3 .7 13, 034 -1 3 .7 3,939 - 22.2 665, 514 - 6 .2 51, 549 - 1 5 .8 - 4 .5 - 1 5 .0 - 1 6 .0 -4 .8 Oregon_________ Pennsylvania. -. Rhode I sla n d ... South Carolina.. South Dakota—. 43 122 40 13 10 1,002 3,527 1,139 182 123 —5. 7 -.7 -7 .5 -2 .2 - 3 .1 27,121 92,900 27,919 3, 853 3,248 + 0 - 1 .0 - 5 .5 + 4 .3 - 1 .4 194 354 2,249 29,498 5,340 1,298 140 -5 .7 - 2 0 .5 - 11.2 -1 7 .5 12.0 + 43, 260 580, 730 99, 715 15,884 2,427 -1 6 .8 -6 . 8 - 4 .3 +10. 2 - 2 .1 - 1 .7 - 1.0 -.9 12,351 72,806 -3 .0 + 2.8 -1 .6 -.9 -1 .9 51 77 71 37 477 3,520 6,824 558 384 5,174 - 2 4 .0 - 1 1 .4 - 9 .3 -2 7 .3 -1 7 .6 57, 255 114,106 13,003 6, 270 97,041 -1 7 . 5 -1 0 .0 - 3 .1 -2 1 .3 - 11.8 - 2 .3 -.6 356 52 51 5, 641 877 10,208 253 -3 0 .4 106, 792 15,441 144,174 5,440 —19. T - 1 2 .7 -1 7 .8 -2 .5 . Tennessee.. T exa s........ Utah______ V erm ont... Virginia___ 31 112 14 5 43 Washington___ West Virginia.. W isconsin____ W yom ing_____ 100 25 * 645 2,861 495 116 1,132 1,922 534 906 60 12, 222 2.2 2,685 26,189 + .* - 1.6 51, 726 13, 564 81,017 1,684 - Less than one tenth of 1 percent. +4. 8 - 1 .9 244 - 2 1 .2 -2 2 .5 -2 .3 10 N o change. 31 C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN ID E N T IC A L E S T A B L IS H M E N T S IN D E C E M B E R 1933 A N D J A N U A R Y 1934, B Y S T A T E S —Continued [Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y cooperating State organizations] Quarrying and nonmetallic mining Employment .State Metalliferous mining Pay roll (1 week) Employment Pay roll (1 week) Per Per cent cent Percent N um N um Percent N um N um of of of of ber of ber on change Amount, change ber of ber on Amount, change change from estab pay roll, January January estab pay roll, from from from Janu 1934 lish lish 1934 De D e Janu Decem cem ments ary 1934 Decem ments ary 1934 cem ber 1933 ber 1933 ber ber 1933 1933 Alabama. ____ Arizona______ . . . California_____ Colorado_______ Connecticut D elaw are.. Dist. of Columbia. Florida____ Georgia______ 17 3 9 34 5 $6,860 657 -1 7 .7 501 36 + 2 .9 Arkansas,2, 565 . , 202 —15.5 11,022 603 - 9 . 7 326 28 - 6 . 7 25 3 202 -1 6 .5 52 -1 3 .3 -.3 + 2 .8 -2 7 .7 +13.9 —16.2 -1 1 .0 + 2 .2 11,294 12,045 I d a h o ........... . . . Illinois_______ Indiana______ Iowa_________ ___ Kansas.................... 21 64 28 29 496 - 6 .1 1,062 -1 2 .7 307 -1 0 .8 6 1,000 K entucky. _ __ Louisiana____ __ M aine. M arylan d.. __ M assachusetts___ 34 7 10 U 19 669 601 90 190 247 -2 9 .9 —.3 —78.7 -1 0 .4 -2 2 .1 7,179 7,883 1,666 2,285 4,747 -3 0 .4 -1 3 .5 —73.9 -1 1 .0 -2 2 .7 M ichigan________ Minnesota_______ Mississippi___ ___ M issou ri............. ................ 45 26 10 47 9 645 227 172 934 45 -4 1 .1 9,663 -3 0 .6 3,189 —16.9 2,232 11,663 -2 9 .8 + 2M .3ontana 679 -3 7 .4 -3 6 .1 -1 0 .7 -3 3 .5 + 4 .9 Nebraska N e v a d a .._______ N ew Hampshire. _ N ew Jersey______ N ew Mexico . 10 51 -3 8 .6 792 -1 9 .3 10 39 68 —28.4 529 -2 1 .3 1,250 —13. 5 7,900 -2 0 .3 - 8 .3 - 3 .1 - .1 34,257 4,113 -1 2 .7 1, 594 373 8,384 —7.0 13,472 -2 5 .3 4,425 - 8 . 2 18,260 -4 -1 145 16 2,927 —6. 5 151 -3 5 .2 43,608 - 1 .8 1,285 -2 5 .1 O r e g o n ..________ Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina___ South Dakota 5 157 45 -2 7 .4 3, 636 -1 3 .5 776 -3 0 .5 44,191 -1 3 .3 7 7 102 —13.6 72 —59.1 1,042 + 5 .8 1,064 -4 4 .4 Tennessee......... ..... Texas Utah........................ Vermont Virginia . . . 24 21 6 38 27 + .8 1,325 979 +55.2 125 -1 8 .8 1,987 —2.6 1,015 + 5.3 17, 673 + 3 .0 17,725 +43.6 2,315 - 6 . 3 34,385 - 4 .1 8,293 + 5 .5 Washington West Virginia Wisconsin............... W y o m in g ___ __ 12 22 u 126 -2 0 .3 731 -1 2 .1 181 - 9 . 0 1,998 -3 0 .5 8,087 —15.0 2,133 - 2 .8 11 N ot available. —28.8 + 3 .6 —.5 —.7 -.6 $15,373 57,511 4,950 66,298 28, 552 -3 1 .3 + 5 .1 —.6 + 8 .8 + 3 .5 10 2,120 - 1 .3 43,062 -1 3 .2 14 932 -8 .8 20,965 + 2 .8 + 2 .2 + 2 .8 901 1,300 74 14 1,161 2,376 379 2,691 1,040 3,335 -1 1 .9 752 - 7 . 2 16 26 N ew Y ork _______ ;North Carolina__ N orth D a k ota ... Ohio_________ Oklahoma________ 10 21 3 35 17 32 31 3,828 + 2 .7 1,109 -1 4 .1 55,822 19,190 - 1 .1 -1 5 .6 14 18 1,689 2,436 —1.9 - 1 .5 23,146 68,837 + 1 .4 -2 .0 14 467 + 4 .5 12,106 + 5 .7 3 5 14 918 -1 7 .6 —.6 285 17, 707 -1 5 .9 —.7 32 1,493 -3 .8 23,745 - 7 .7 6 50 -2 8 .6 953 -2 6 .4 4 278 -1 0 .6 5,704 -2 .0 12 2,051 + .8 42,272 + 2 .2 217 -6 .1 4,108 - 18.5 (“ ) 32 C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN ID E N T IC A L E S T A B L IS H M E N T S IN D E C E M B E R 1933 A N D J A N U A R Y . 1934, B Y S T A T E S —Continued [Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y cooperating State organizations] Bituminous-coal mining Em ploym ent Crude-petroleum producing Pay roll (1 week) Em ploym ent Pay roll (1 week) Per N um cent ber of N um Percent N um Percent ber of N um Per of of of estab estab ber on cent Amount, change lish ber on change Amount, change January from ments pay roll lish pay roll, January from from of 1934 De 1934 Janu Decem ments Janu change Decem cem ary 1934 ary 1934 ber 1933 ber 1933 ber 1933 State Alabama_________ Arizona__ __ _____ Arkansas_____ ___ California________ Colorado_________ 54 S 9,424 -0 .4 116 +17.2 $122,342 - 0 .6 8 41 372 8,516 + 7 .2 -.4 $8,362 267,904 + 7 .3 + 5 .5 8 4 204 33 -6 .0 -2 .9 4,291 659 -5 .7 -4 .4 28 1,727 + 4 .5 38,633 + 3 .9 5 10 62 271 - 6 .1 + 6 .3 1,022 6,366 + 3 .4 + 6 .2 29,217 +13.2 20,958 -1 0 .0 4 32 -3 .0 636 + 4 .1 31,589 5 62 -1 .6 1,788 + 4 .1 3 89 + 12.7 2,074 + .5 5 60 43 5,744 - 2 .3 + .2 540 140,192 -4 .8 -(0 (“ ) 47 5,129 - 1 .1 82,751 -8 .9 36 49 20 21 8,885 + 4 .7 5,735 + 1 .0 2,081 + 2 .0 1,762 + 18.3 170,386 124,375 38,863 28,882 + 4 .5 + 1 .4 + 8 .0 + 4•0 Connecticut ■ Delaware________ Dist. of Columbia, Florida___________ G eorgia.. _______ Idaho____________ Illinois.................... Indiana__________ Iow a_____________ Kansas.................... K entucky............... Louisiana________ M aine____________ M aryland________ Massachusetts. 146 25,681 -1 .8 374,676 + 6 .7 17 1,557 + 2 .4 25,641 —8.5 M ichigan________ Minnesota_______ Mississippi_______ M issouri_________ M ontana_________ 3 885 + .1 19,345 + 2 .6 21 11 1,936 933 + 4 .9 - 1 .8 Nebraska________ N evada__________ N ew Hampshire N ew Jersey______ N ew M exico_____ 14 1,837 -.1 N ew Y ork _______ North Carolina N orth Dakota....... O h io ....................... Oklahoma________ -9 .7 9 78 19 785 13,350 941 + 8 .9 + 4 .2 + 5 .0 476 71,396 - 1 .1 1,269,126 -.7 20 925 + .2 19,866 + .3 Tennessee________ T e x a s ..................... U tah........................ Vermont_________ Virginia__________ 21 5 17 2,949 355 2,170 + 4 .4 + .9 -.9 37,627 5,194 49,482 + 7 .2 -8 .8 - 5 .1 3 6,563 - 8 .7 216,572 -7 .7 26 4,137 +28.7 Washington______ W est Virginia____ W isconsin________ W yom ing________ 11 363 1,378 64,678 + 3 .8 -.7 29, 087 -1 3 .7 1,152,079 + .9 32 3,393 -.9 74, 548 -1 4 .9 Oregon__________ _ Pennsylvania____ Rhode Island__ __ South Carolina South Dakota........ 16,844 +11.5 251,354 + 5 .9 14,837 - 1 . 0 66,248 +22.4 4Less than one tenth of 1 percent. 8 7 399 - 1 .7 8,355 -2 .2 162 - 8 .5 4,517 -5 .1 N ot available. 33 C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN ID E N T IC A L E S T A B L IS H M E N T S IN D E C E M B E R 1933 A N D J A N U A R Y 1934, B Y S T A T E S — Continued [Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y cooperating State organizations] Public utilities Em ploym ent State Hotels Pay roll (1 week) E m ploym ent Pay roll (1 week) Per N um Per N um cent ber of cent ber of Percent N um - Percent of of estab N um of of be on change Amount, change estab be on change Amount, lish lish change from January from January pay roll pay roll ments from from ments 1934 JanJan1934 D e D e Decem ary 1934 cem cem ary 1934 Decem ber 1933 ber 1933 ber ber 1933 1933 Alabama............. . Arizona................... Arkansas................ California________ Colorado............. . . 89 67 58 47 196 1,759 1,573 1,863 43,091 5,368 -0 .6 + 4 .3 + .1 + .1 -1 .0 $37,316 38,048 39,715 1,195,462 132,901 + 1 .3 + 9 .2 + 9.3 + 1.0 - 1 .5 26 21 13 166 52 Connecticut....... . Delaware............ Dist. of Columbia. Florida.................... Georgia................. . 132 28 21 184 186 9,724 1,070 8,569 4,566 6, 503 + .9 - 4 .1 - 1 .1 + 2 .3 -.2 292,280 29,125 231,032 111,024 173,979 -.1 -7 .0 -.2 -1 .4 - 2 .9 25 6 44 91 26 Idaho....................... Illinois.................... Indiana................... Iow a........................ Kansas___________ 56 82 131 432 13 149 767 70,986 9,155 10,934 7, U7 -.8 + .5 + .3 + 6 .5 —. 7 15,308 1,908,522 218,425 226,336 176,006 + .9 +• 4 -.1 + 2 .5 + .1 K entucky............... Louisiana________ M aine.......... .......... M aryland________ Massachusetts___ 293 147 168 n 130 6,237 5,448 2,778 12, 449 45,175 -.4 -.3 + 3 .2 + .1 -.1 141,569 135,838 70,632 347, 478 1,272,039 M ichigan................ M innesota.............. Mississippi............. M issouri................. M ontana........... ..... 416 231 190 179 86 22,799 12,277 1,679 19,170 929 - 1 .7 - 4 .6 -.4 + 1 .5 Nebraska................ N evada................... New Hampshire. . New Jersey........... N ew M exico.......... 299 37 140 197 53 5,591 400 2,292 12,884 557 N ew Y ork .............. North Carolina___ North Dakota___ Ohio_____ ____ _ Oklahoma________ 831 96 171 474 245 Oregon.................. . Pennsylvania____ Rhode Island____ South Carolina___ South D akota.. .. + 3 .9 +58.9 + 21.4 + 2 .8 + 1 .9 $11,222 9,288 6,578 142,80S 17,658 + 3 .9 +38.1 + 35.6 + 1 .7 + 2. & -.5 1,197 (10) 261 + 2 .2 4,290 3,996 +103.7 1, 241 +25.7 14,932 3,615 62,856 43,371 10,741 - 2 .1 (10) + i.a +107.6+39.1 1,343 723 721 9,265 1,296 369 10,725 2,775 2,516 711 + 7 .6 +10.6 +(<) + .6 + 8 .6 4,126 166,267 29,199 24,158 7,269 + 2 .6 + 8 .7 74 64 27 -.4 -.7 +. 3 + .3 -.1 35 24 20 24 80 1,975 1,864 696 1,371 5,065 + .7 + 7 .7 -.7 -.8 + .1 20,263 20,202 8,755 16,205 78, 097 +. 6 +11.3 + .3 + .7 + 4 .8 656,325 308,287 34,966 506,674 23, 262 - 1 .1 -1 .5 - 1 .7 + .9 + 3 .7 100 77 18 89 26 4,730 3,322 492 4,886 381 + .2 + .9 +12.1 + 3 .5 + 3 .8 56, 597 38,275 3,247 59,266 4,879 + .9 + 2 .1 + 4 .0 -0 ) + 3 .6 + 1 .0 + 2 .2 -1 .4 139,203 10,986 59,033 381,301 11,478 +. 3 +2.1 -.5 + 4 .4 - 1 .1 44 11 10 58 14 1,800 127 166 3, 570 329 -7 .7 -8 .0 -1 .8 -6 .8 + 4 .4 17,873 2,039 2,074 42,932 3,378 + 1 .1 -1 2 .0 - 2 .8 - 4 .6 + 4 .0 98,343 1, 731 1,228 34,014 5,939 +0) -1 .3 + .6 + .4 -.6 3,007,017 36,909 29,183 880,322 133,610 -.1 + 1 .7 + .5 - 1 .5 -.3 52 36 23 145 56 4,690 1,462 424 9,183 1,294 + 8.1 + 8 .1 + 4 .4 + 1 .5 + 2 .9 66,654 12,818 3,786 112,377 12,862 + 11.7 +15.5 + 1 .5 + 1 .2 + .9 177 675 42 70 129 5,496 48,285 3,367 1,607 975 + 1 .1 -.1 + .8 - 3 .8 - 4 .7 139,859 1,323,717 96,041 33,340 24,168 + 3 .7 -.2 -1 .5 -2 .5 -2 .6 58 164 13 19 18 1,174 9, 542 200 612 291 + 3 .0 + 1 .6 + 7 .0 + 42.0 -2 .3 14,250 122,320 2,552 5,288 3,339 + .6 + 3 .4 +11.3 + 35.6 -7 .8 Tennessee............... Texas...................... U tah........................ V e rm o n t............... Virginia.................. 245 117 69 122 178 4,578 6,579 1,797 1,074 5,863 + 1 .4 + .9 - 2 .3 - 3 .4 -.4 102,009 176,963 36,431 25,473 141,463 + 1 .6 + .6 -1 .9 -2 .4 + .9 36 37 12 24 34 2,164 2,358 461 475 1,847 + 3 .2 - . 1 +• 7 - 6 .9 -3 .6 18, 030 29,454 5,972 4, 557 18,739 + 1 .6 + S .0 + 4 .4 - 7 .6 -5 .4 Washington........... West Virginia........ W isconsin________ W yom ing............... 196 120 i*41 48 9,763 5,968 10,536 451 + 1 .2 -1 .2 —.1 -.4 268,464 153,526 296,238 10, 241 + 3 .5 + .9 + .5 -1 .9 12 48 79 37 2,464 1,127 1,854 107 + 1 .9 + 1 .7 + 6.1 -5 .3 28, 379 11,802 0 1) 1,401 + 1 .7 + .7 + .4 * Less than one tenth of 1 percent, 10 N o change. 20 12 52 11 N ot available. 12 Includes restaurants. 10 + 4 .6 + 6 .3 + .^ + 7 .4 + 3 .1 -7 .8 13 Includes steam railroads. 14 Includes railways and express. 34 C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN ID E N T IC A L E S T A B L IS H M E N T S IN D E C E M B E R 1933 A N D J A N U A R Y 1934, B Y S T A T E S — Continued [Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y cooperating State organizations] Laundries Em ploym ent State Dyeing and cleaning Em ploym ent Pay roll (1 week) Pay roll (1 week) Per N um Per N um cent ber of ber of N um - cent Percent Num - Percent of of estab of of be on change Amount, change estab be on Amount, lish lish change January change pay roll from January from pay roll from ments from ments Jan1934 Jan- Decem 1934 D e De Decem ary 1934 cem cem ary 1934 ber 1933 ber 1933 ber ber 1933 1933 Alabama................. Arizona.................. Arkansas................ California. ............. Colorado—............. 17 10 12 15 68 33 C onnecticut........... Delaware_________ Dist. of Columbia. Florida..... .............. Georgia...... ............ 44 3 21 18 25 Idaho...................... Illinois................... Indiana................... Io w a ....................... Kansas.................... 18 U28 42 32 0«) 39 348 1,814 1,550 1,058 927 + 1 .2 —.2 -.7 -.4 + 3 .0 K entucky............... Louisiana............... M aine.................... M aryland............... Massachusetts___ 30 7 24 23 m 1, 272 439 521 1,767 3,757 -.9 -.7 —1.3 -.7 - 1.1 15,396 4,397 7,532 27,010 60,836 -.1 - 2 .4 —1.6 + 1 .8 -1 .0 M ichigan________ M innesota_______ Mississippi_______ M issouri_________ M ontana_________ 66 37 12 47 15 2,520 1,415 419 2, 621 418 + .1 -.3 —.5 + 3 .8 (10) 34,746 21,054 3,910 34,629 7,071 + 3 .1 -1 .4 - 2 .8 + 5 .0 -.3 Nebraska.......... N evada__________ New Hampshire. _ New Jersey............ N ew M exico_____ 13 3 13 37 6 717 +11.5 35 —5.4 244 - 1 . 2 3,669 - 1 .3 211 - 3 .7 N ew Y ork _______ N orth Carolina. N orth Dakota____ O h io.. ................. Oklahoma________ 67 12 10 73 15 6, 714 701 194 3,807 727 -.2 -.3 —1.5 + 2 .1 - 2 .8 116,390 7,693 2,822 57,998 9,395 -.6 + 1 .5 + .4 + 3 .2 + .4 Oregon___________ Pennsylvania____ Rhode Island____ South Carolina___ South Dakota____ 9 40 19 9 8 271 2,762 1,009 433 182 - 1 .1 -.7 - 1 .1 + 3 .1 —2.2 4,074 42,072 16,664 4,240 2,421 T ennessee.......... . Texas_______ _____ U tah_____________ Verm ont____ ____ Virginia__________ 14 19 11 6 18 1,234 964 633 87 983 + 2 .0 -2 .2 - 1 .7 + 1 .2 -3 .2 W ashington______ West Virginia____ W isconsin....... ....... W yom ing____ ___ 15 16 ™28 6 586 593 925 132 + 2 .8 +• 2 + .3 —.8 930 289 311 5,149 1,254 + 0 .1 + 5 .5 + 4 .9 + .9 - 4 .3 1,671 - 1 .9 233 +. 4 2,768 -.1 976 +10.9 2,164 + 1 .2 4 Less than one tenth of 1 percent. $8,027 3,703 3,383 91, 772 16,078 + 1 .3 + 4 .8 + 4.1 +•2 - 4 .5 4 99 + 1 .0 $1,059 10 26,705 - 1 . 2 4,101 + 2 .3 43,237 - 1 .1 10,851 +23.5 23,370 + 2 .9 9 3 6 9 3 140 - 2 .8 2,390 -3 .4 189 55 164 108 88 -2 .6 + 7 .8 -5 .2 +13.7 + 1 .1 4,152 1,103 3,144 1,809 1,000 + 4 .7 + 36.7 -3 .2 +18.3 -1 .8 9 4 143 54 - 1 0 .1 + 1 .9 2,214 1,013 - 1 0 .8 + 2 .0 5 5 159 80 -2 .5 -2 .4 2,396 909 - 1 .5 -3 .4 15 80 225 1,751 - 5 .9 - 2.3 3,780 28,884 - 3 .9 + 5 .4 13 9 367 322 (10) -.9 7,328 5,227 + 4 .7 -.7 11 3 398 19 - 5 .9 -5 .0 6, 680 431 -4 .3 -.2 3 94 (10) 1, 782 + 6 .0 7 186 - 3 .1 4, 346 - 3 .1 15 4 470 59 -.4 - 9 .2 8,497 731 - ( 4) -1 1 .3 35 7 1,400 162 - 1 .1 + 3 .8 24, 537 2,242 + .2 + 2 -1 - 2 .0 -.2 +. 9 + 2 .2 + 4 .9 3 18 4 41 859 266 -2 .4 -1 0 .4 + 1 .1 765 14,668 4,258 -2 .0 -6 .8 -.8 11,526 10,301 8,800 1,028 11,506 + 1 .6 - 4 .9 - 5 .3 —5.2 + 2 .7 3 12 8 30 354 105 - 3 .2 + .6 -7 .9 341 5,939 1,840 -5 .5 +0) -6 .8 19 230 -.9 3,235 -.1 9, 558 7,530 11,736 2,122 + 3 .7 + 2 .5 —2.4 + .9 9 8 110 210 -4 .3 (10) 2,055 2,801 -1 .2 + 1 .2 5,328 24,866 20,283 14, 533 12,423 1 + 2 .1 —.3 + 1 .2 + 3 .1 + 1 -4 9,835 +17.6 608 —1.3 3,656 - 1 .8 69,727 + 1 .3 2,934 - 4 .3 10 N o change. 15 Includes dyeing and cleaning. -1 .5 35 C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN ID E N T IC A L E S T A B L IS H M E N T S IN D E C E M B E R 1933 A N D J A N U A R Y 1934, B Y S T A T E S — Continued [Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y cooperating State organizations] Banks, brokerage, insurance, and real estate Employment State Pay roll (1 week) Number of estab Percent Percent Number lish of change Amount, on pay roll of change ments January from D e January 1934 from D e cember cember 1934 1933 1933 Alabama................... ..................... ........................... Arizona................... ............................................... Arkansas............................................ .................... California.................................... ............................ C olorad o......................... .................. . . .................. 19 25 20 1,122 29 479 197 249 22,751 1,011 (10) + 3.1 -.4 - .4 + .9 $13,714 5,321 6,163 759,902 35,326 -0 .8 + 4 .7 + 2 .3 + 1 .8 -(< ) C on n ecticu t..________ ________________ ______ D e la w a re ....... ......................................................... District of Columbia.............................................. Florida. ............................................ ........................ Georgia....................................................................... 56 16 40 17 28 1,893 567 1,329 585 1,125 -1 .7 - .4 -.1 + 2 .5 + .8 71,284 20,890 51,147 17,865 33,062 - 1 .1 + 5 .8 + 6 .3 -3 .2 -.9 Id a h o................................. ...................................... Illinois.............................................. ........ ................ Indiana............................................................ ........ I o w a ......... .......... ................... ........... ..................... Kansas..................................................................... . 14 92 43 14 16 $3 125 10,846 1,215 956 776 -1 .6 + 1.3 -6 .5 -.4 - 2 .1 3,097 380,155 42,227 31,068 23,718 -4 .7 -.3 - 2 .3 + 1 .0 - 3 .2 K entucky........ .................................................... . Louisiana.............................................................. . M aine...... .................................... .................... ....... M aryland...... .......... .......................................... . . . Massachusetts............. ..................................... . 21 10 15 24 i*278 828 385 224 857 7, m -1 .0 (10) + 1 .4 + .2 + 1.1 29,630 14, 734 6,122 39,493 217,757 -1 .8 +. 6 + 7 .3 +23.5 + .6 M ichigan................................................................... Minnesota................................................................. Mississippi................................................... ............ Missouri........................ ......................................... M ontana. ............................................ .................... 91 52 17 85 21 4,202 4,022 206 4,699 245 + 3 .2 -1 4 .1 + 4 .6 -.3 + .4 142,637 118,514 4,431 144, 534 6,877 + 2 .7 - 8 .2 + 1 .3 -1 .0 - 1 .2 Nebraska................................................................... Nevada________________________ ____ ________ New Hampshire.................. ................................... New Jersey............................................ ................. New M exico— ............. ....................................... 18 531 - 1 .1 18,939 + 1 .2 40 127 16 484 12, 765 126 + 1 .7 + .5 + 5 .0 13, 231 374,323 2,854 +15.7 + 3 .0 + 4 .6 Oklahoma............................................................... 726 26 37 269 23 53,455 574 264 7,597 604 -.3 + 1.1 -2 .2 -.1 -.8 1,906,780 15,102 6,348 254,066 18,331 +. 3 + 2 .2 - 1 .9 - 3 .1 + 1 .0 O regon...................................................................... Pennsylvania......................................... ................. Rhode Island—...................................... .................. South Carolina...... ............ ............. ............. ......... South Dakota........ ..................... ............................ 32 722 31 11 32 1,190 22,238 1,062 118 241 -.3 + .4 -.1 (10) -.8 38,286 688,688 44,475 3,276 5,919 -3 .3 -.3 -4 .3 + .7 - 1 .8 Tennessee..................................... .................... ....... Texas........................................................... .............. U t a h .............. ........................................................ V erm ont.................................................. ............. . Virginia_______ ______ _______ _____ _________ 33 30 15 30 31 1,126 1,480 ,473 230 1,353 -.7 + .3 + 1 .5 - 1 .3 -.4 41,241 40,962 16,363 6,635 43,846 -1 .3 -.4 -5 .7 -.2 -1 .7 W ashington.............................................................. West Virginia........................................................... W iscon sin.............. ........................ ........................ W yom ing........................................................... ....... 40 42 17 12 1,597 576 919 111 + 4 .6 + .7 +• 1 (10) 49,932 16,404 33,334 3,381 + 4 .9 +. 3 + 5 .2 -.1 N ew Y ork—. ........................ .................... ............. North Carolina......................................................... North D akota.................... . . . ............................... 4 Less than one tenth of 1 percent. w N o change. 16 Does not include brokerage and real estate. 36 Employment and Pay Rolls in January 1934 in Cities of Over 500,000 Population LUCTUATIONS in employment and pay-roll totals in January 1934 as compared with December 1933 in 13 cities of the United States having a population of 500,000 or over are presented in the following table. These changes are computed from reports received from identical establishments in each of the months considered. In addition to including reports received from establishments in the several industrial groups regularly covered in the Bureau's survey, excluding building construction, reports have also been secured from other establishments in these cities for inclusion in these totals. Information concerning employment in building construction is not available for all cities at this time and therefore has not been included. F F L U C T U A T IO N S IN E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN J A N U A R Y 1934 A S C O M P A R E D W IT H D E C E M B E R 1933 Pay roll (1 week) Employment Cities N ew York C ity ____ Chicago, 111................ Philadelphia, P a----Detroit, M ich .......... . Los Angeles, Calif—. Cleveland, Ohio____ St. Louis, M o .......... . Baltimore, M d ........ . Boston, Mass........... . Pittsburgh, P a.......... San Francisco, Calif. Buffalo, N .Y ............. Milwaukee, W is____ Num ber of establish ments re porting in both months 4,746 1,814 804 543 821 1,101 501 577 3,515 404 1,126 404 Number on pay roll December 1933 338,403 231, 206 150,217 177,874 78,422 98,410 67,005 54,040 91,103 57,539 49,475 37,823 43,691 January 1934 315,958 226,695 141,656 210,738 73,861 95,261 64,701 49, 553 88, 210 53,609 47,680 37,418 41, 550 Amount Percent of change Decem ber December January 19331933 1934 January 1934 - 6 .6 -2 .0 -5 .7 +18.5 -5 .8 -3 .2 -3 .4 -8 .3 -3 .2 -6 .8 -3 .6 -1 .1 -4 .9 001, 416, 286, 766, 822, 973, 378, 058, 198, 187, 189, $8,652,094 5,397,408 3, 111, 773 4,653,215 1,766,509 1,906,283 1,360,243 991,996 2,163,272 1,124,995 1,152,311 882,722 808,127 Percent of change Decem ber 1933January 1934 - 0 .3 -5 .3 +23.5 - 3 .1 -3 .4 - 1 .3 -6 .3 - 1 .6 - 5 .2 - 3 .1 + 1 .5 - 6 .1 Employment in the Various Branches of the Federal Govern ment, January 1934 U RING the month of January 1934 there were 591,113 employ ees on the pay rolls of the executive departments of the United States Government. This is an increase of 27,952 employees or 5 percent as compared with January 1933, and a decrease of 562 employees or 0.1 percent as compared with December 1933. The information shown in table 1 is compiled by the various depart ments and officers of the United States Government and sent to the United States Civil Service Commission where it is assembled. The figures are tabulated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Table 1 shows the number of employees in executive departments of the Federal Government in the District of Columbia, the number D 37 outside the District of Columbia, and the total number of such employees. Approximately 13 percent of the workers in the executive branch of the United States Government are located in Washington. T a bl e 1 .— E M P L O Y E E S IN T H E E X E C U T IV E S E R V IC E OF T H E U N IT E D J A N U A R Y A N D D E C E M B E R 1933 A N D J A N U A R Y 1934 District of Columbia Outside the District STATES Entire service Item Perma Tem po Total nent 1 rary * N um ber of employees: January 1933..................... 2,714 66,800 64,086 December 1933.................. 66,894 8,556 75,450 January 1934..................... 69,808 8,237 78,045 Gain or loss: January 1 933-Jan uary 1934................................. +5,722 +5,523 +11,245 December 1933-January 1934.................................. +2,914 -3 19 +2,595 Percent of change: January 1933-Jan uary 1934.................................. + 8 .9 +203.5 +16.8 December 1933-January 1934.................................. + 4 .4 -3 .7 + 3 .4 Labor turnover: Additions........................... 2,962 1,904 4,866 1,307 Separations.................... — 928 2,235 11.05 Turnover rate per 100___ 1.91 2.91 Perma Tem po Total nent 1 rary * 469,080 463,618 467, 570 Perma Tem po Total n en t1 rary a 27,281 496,361 533,166 52,607 516,225 530,512 45,498 513,068 537,378 29,995 563,161 61,163 591,675 53,735 591,113 -1 ,5 1 0 +18,217 +16,707 +4,212 +23,740 +27,952 +3,952 -7,1 0 9 -3,157 +6,866 -7 ,4 2 8 -.3 +66.8 + 3 .4 + .8 +79.1 + .9 -1 3 .5 -.6 + 1 .3 -1 2 .1 7,171 4,839 1.04 20,621 26,146 42.04 10,133 6,146 1.15 22,525 27,074 39.21 27,792 30,985 5.40 -5 6 2 + 5 .0 -.1 32,658 33,220 5.52 * Including appointments of indefinite duration. * N ot including field employees of the Post Office Department. In January 1934 there were 78,045 employees in the executive departments of the Federal Government in the city of Washington. This is an increase of more than 11,000 as compared with January, 1933, and an increase of over 2,500 as compared with December 1933. The number of permanent employees in thQ District of Columbia in January 1934 showed an increase of 8.9 percent as compared with January 1933, and an increase of 4.4 percent as compared with Decem ber 1933. Comparing the number of temporary employees, January 1934 showed an increase of over 200 percent as compared with January 1933, but a decrease of 3.7 percent as compared with December 1933. The turnover rate for the entire executive service within the Dis trict of Columbia was 2.91. Comparing January 1934 with December 1933, there was an increase of 0.9 percent in the number of permanent employees and a decrease of 13.5 percent in the number of temporary employees, making a net decrease of 0.6 percent in employment in the executive Federal depart ments outside of the District of Columbia. Table 2 shows the number of employees and amounts of pay rolls of the various branches of the United States Government during December 1933 and January 1934. 38 T 2 .—N U M B E R OF E M P L O Y E E S A N D A M O U N T S OF P A Y R O L L S IN T H E V A R IO U S B R A N C H E S OF T H E U N IT E D S T A T E S G O V E R N M E N T , D E C E M B E R 1933 A N D J A N U A R Y 1934 able Number of employees Branch of service December 1933 January 1934 Am ount of pay roll December 1933 Executive service. . . __________________________________ Military service___ - ___________________ - _____________ Judicial service_________ ______________________________ Legislative service____________________________________ 591,675 263,622 1,872 3,864 591,113 $80,414,086 262,942 17,656,909 1,780 432,435 3,845 886, 781 T otal___________________________________________ 861,033 859,680 99,390,211 January 1934 $75,942,967 18,499,516 417,000 871,753 95,731,236 Employment on Class I Steam Railroads in the United States EPORTS of the Interstate Commerce Commission for class I railroads show that the number of employees (exclusive of exec utives and officials) decreased from 954,248 on December 15, 1933, to 953,589 (preliminary) on January 15, 1934, or 0.1 percent. Data are not yet available concerning total compensation of employees for January 1934. The latest pay-roll information available shows a decrease from $114,470,607 in November to $112,532,640 in December, or 1.7 percent. The monthly trend of employment from January 1923 to January 1934 on class I railroads— that is, all roads having operating revenues of $1,000,000 or over—is shown by index numbers published in the following table. These index numbers are constructed from monthly reports of the Interstate Commerce Commission, using the 12-month average for 1926 as 100. R T able 1 .—IN D E X E S OF E M P L O Y M E N T ON CLASS I S T E A M R A IL R O A D S IN T H E U N IT E D S T A T E S , J A N U A R Y 1923 T O J A N U A R Y 1934 [12-month average, 1926=100] M onth 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 January.......................... February....................... M arch............................ April............................... M a y ............................... June................................ July................ ............... August........................... September..................... October.......................... N ovem ber..................... December...................... 98.3 98.6 100.5 102.0 105.0 107.1 108.2 109.4 107.8 107.3 105.2 99.4 96.6 97.0 97.4 98.9 99.2 98.0 98.1 99.0 99.7 100.8 99.0 96.0 95.6 95.4 95.2 96.6 97.8 98.6 99.4 99.7 99.9 100.7 99.1 97.1 95.8 96.0 96.7 98.9 100.2 101.6 102.9 102.7 102.8 103.4 101.2 98.2 95.5 95.3 95.8 97.4 99.4 100.9 101.0 99.5 99.1 98.9 95.7 91.9 89.4 89.0 89.9 91.7 94.5 95.9 95.6 95.7 95.3 95.3 92.9 89.7 88.2 88.9 90.1 92.2 94.9 96.1 96.6 97.4 96.8 96.9 93.0 88.8 86.3 85.4 85.5 87.0 88.6 86.5 84.7 83.7 82.2 80.4 77.0 74.9 73.3 72.7 72.9 73.5 73.9 72.8 72.4 71.2 69.3 67.7 64. 5 62.6 61.2 53.0 60.3 52.7 60.5 51.5 60.0 51.8 59.7 52. 5 57.8 53.6 56.4 55.4 55.0 56.8 55.8 57.7 57.0 57.5 55.9 55.9 54.8 154.1 Average............... 104.1 98.3 97.9 100.0 97.5 92.9 93.3 83.5 70.6 57.9 R e v is e d . 1933 1934 54.1 54.4 .......... 39 Wage-Rate Changes in American Industries Manufacturing Industries HE following table presents information concerning wage-rate adjustments occurring between December 15, 1933, and January 15, 1934, as shown by reports received from manufacturing establish ments supplying employment data to this Bureau. Increases in wage rates averaging 12.5 percent and affecting 19,874 employees were reported by 204 of the 17,805 establishments surveyed in January. Of these, 8 automobile establishments reported increases averaging 9.6 percent, affecting 2,292 employees; 16 establishments in the foundry and machine-shop products industry averaged in creases of 10.5 percent, affecting 2,250 employees; 9 establishments in the rubber goods other than boots, shoes, tires, and inner tubes industry had average increases of 7.5 percent, affecting 1,768 workers; 8 establishments in the slaughtering and meat-packing industry averaged increases of 8.4 percent, affecting 2,190 employees; 5 pottery establishments averaged increases of 12.5 percent, affecting 1,454 employees; and 4 establishments in the paper and pulp industry reported average wage-rate increases of 9.5 percent, affecting 1,444 employees. Of the 17,805 manufacturing establishments included in the Jan uary survey, 17,578 establishments, or 98.7 percent of the total, reported no change in wage rates over the month interval. The 3,056,501 employees not affected by changes in wage rates constituted 99.3 percent of the total number of employees covered by the January trend-of-employment survey of manufacturing industries. Twenty-three manufacturing establishments in 10 industries reported wage-rate decreases affecting 1,103 employees between December and January. T 40 T a b le 1.— W A G E -R A T E C H A N G E S IN M A N U F A C T U R IN G M O N T H E N D IN G JA N . 15, 1934 Industry All manufacturing industries.. Percent of total.............. Estab lish ments report ing 17,805 3,077,478 100.0 Food and kindred products: Baking_________________ ____ 964 388 Beverages........................ .......... B u t t e r ...----------------------------277 Confectionery-.......................... 287 Flour........................... - ............ 402 347 Ice cream-----------------------------Slaughtering and meat pack ing_______ ____ - ................... 246 Sugar, beet--------------- ------Sugar refining, cane........ ......... 13 Textiles and their products: Fabrics: Carpets and rugs............... 27 Cotton goods-----------------693 Cotton small wares.—- . — 109 Dyeing and finishing textiles------------------------147 Hats, fur-felt..................... 33 Knit goods---------------------440 Silk and rayon goods-----243 Woolen and worsted goods_____________ ___ 244 Wearing apparel: Clothing, m en’s-------------392 Clothing, wom en’s......... _ 503 Corsets and allied gar 31 ments__________________ M e n ’s furnishings----------69 M illinery...... ..................... 126 117 Shirts and collars-----------Iron and steel and their products, not including machinery: Bolts, nuts, washers, and 53 rivets................. ..................... Cast-iron pipe....... ............... — 44 Cutlery (not including silver and plated cutlery) and edge tools------------- ------------132 Forgings, iron and steel.......... 65 Hardware------ ------- ----------- — 81 Iron and steel........................... 208 Plum bers’ supplies--------------71 Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and steam fit 88 tings----------- ---------------------Stoves---------------- -----------------160 Structural and ornamental metalwork----------- ------------198 Tin cans and other t i n w a r e 56 Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools, files, and saws).................... ......... 114 W irework.................................. 71 Machinery, not including trans portation equipment: Agricultural implements____ 77 Cash registers, adding ma chines, and calculating machines_____ _____ _____ 26 Electrical machinery, appa ratus, and supplies________ 280 Engines, turbines, tractors, and water wheels.................. 88 Foundry and machine-shop products__________________ 1,015 Machine tools. - ......... ........... . 154 Radios and phonographs.----34 Textile machinery and parts. 53 Typewriters and supplies___ 12 'Less than one tenth of 1 percent. Number of establish ments reporting— Total number of em ployees 100.0 64,416 23,043 4,222 32,409 16,894 8,912 I N D U S T R IE S D U R IN G Number of employees having— No Wage- Wage- N o wage- Wage- Wagewage- rate in rate rate rate in rate de de rate creases creases changes creases creases changes 17, 578 98.7 383 274 204 1.1 3,056, 501 99.3 19,874 64,113 22,892 4,202 31,909 16,812 8,912 303 151 20 500 82 104,139 11, 277 7,891 238 60 13 101,919 11, 277 7,891 16,405 301,337 9,102 27 687 107 16,405 301,136 38, 695 5,735 103, 780 46,414 146 33 438 243 38, 649 5, 735 102,919 46,414 201 106 46 861 64,875 244 64,875 60,485 26,101 389 487 60,331 25, 596 5,446 5, 217 7,434 13,098 115 117 5,446 5, 217 7,034 13,098 400 7,605 7,487 480 8,085 7,487 102 10,606 7,928 30,250 232,110 5,773 130 65 77 207 10, 538 7,928 30, 089 231, 630 5,741 18,671 18,013 87 159 18, 611 17,975 60 15,200 8,349 195 50 15,109 7,895 91 454 8,448 7,624 70 8,425 7, 330 23 294 11,251 77 11, 251 161 480 32 14, 729 25 14, 688 41 96,897 279 96,378 519 22, 934 16 153 34 53 12 108, 628 15, 984 27, 725 10,339 12,667 2, 250 57 22,950 110,878 16,041 27,725 10,339 12,667 1 1,103 0) 41 T a b le 1.—W A G E -R A T E C H A N G E S IN M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S M O N T H E N D IN G JAN . 15, 1934—Continued Industry Nonferrous metals and their parts: Aluminum manufactures-----Brass, bronze, and copper products__________________ Clocks and watches and timerecording devices__________ Jewelry_____________________ Lighting equipment_________ Silverware and plated ware. _ Smelting and refining—cop per, lead, and zinc_________ Stamped and enameled ware.. "Transportation equipment: Aircraft----- --------------------------Automobiles________________ Cars, electric- and steam-railroad___________ __________ Locom otives------------------------Shipbuilding________________ Railroad repair shops: Electric railroad_____________ Steam railroad_____________ _ Lum ber and allied products: Furniture___________________ Lumber: M ill w ork_______________ Sawmills.................. .......... Turpentine and rosin-----------Stone, clay, and glass products: Brick, tile, and terra cotta___ C em en t--............ ............ ........ Glass_______________________ Marble, granite, slate, and other p r o d u c ts .-.-------------Pottery_____________________ Leather and its manufactures: Boots and shoes-------------------Leather________ ________ ___ Paper and printing: Boxes, paper.......................... Paper and p u lp _____________ Printing and publishing: Book and jo b ___________ Newspapers and periodi cals-----------------------------Chemicals and allied products: Chemicals___________________ Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal______________________ Druggists' preparations______ Explosives__________ ____ Fertilizers___________________ Paints and varnishes________ Petroleum refining__________ Rayon and allied products. __ Soap______________ _________ Rubber products: R ubber boots and shoes_____ R ubber goods, other than boots, shoes, tires, and inner tu b es.--_____ _______ Rubber tires and inner tubesTobacco manufactures: Chewing and smoking tobac co and snuff—. ........... .......... Cigars and cigarettes---........ . Estab lish ments report ing Number of employees having— N um ber of establish ments reporting— Total number of em ployees D U R IN G No Wage- Wage- N o wage- Wage- Wagewage- rate rate in rate de rate in rate de rate creases creases changes creases creases changes 5,936 23 5, 936 37,229 207 36, 781 448 25 121 51 58 7,043 3,302 8, 519 25 121 50 56 8,363 7,043 3,297 8, 505 4 39 101 13, 264 15,850 13, 264 15,634 216 23 221 7,642 254, 587 7,642 252, 279 2,292 51 11 100 9,718 2,489 29,290 23 23 212 2 9, 718 2,489 29,110 18,830 69,455 364 529 2 4 18, 668 69,380 162 75 448 45, 598 444 3 45, 405 112 478 603 19 18, 661 67, 581 1,463 478 602 19 18,661 67, 526 1,463 637 176 15, 635 9,495 48,055 630 121 174 15,440 9, 495 47,985 208 112 4,342 17,528 208 107 4, 342 16, 074 1,454 307 149 104,374 31,062 306 149 104, 325 31, 062 49 319 424 23,852 100, 710 305 420 13 4 23,429 99, 266 418 1, 444 744 46,836 742 2 46,812 24 451 58,418 449 2 58, 339 79 27, 737 109 1 27, 681 56 4,889 8,083 4,286 9,333 15, 643 62,454 33,938 14,593 95 56 30 165 311 148 23 103 1 4,012 8,083 4, 286 9, 300 15,402 62,454 33,938 14, 558 33 121 107 56 30 166 324 148 23 104 1 1 11 13,304 13,304 92 17,828 54,271 16,048 54, 271 31 196 9,861 36, 783 31 194 9,861 36, 775 180 10 16 81 183 70 33 227 14 1,768 12 42 Nonmanufacturing Industries D a t a concerning wage-rate changes occurring between December 15, 1933, and January 15, 1934, reported by cooperating establish ments in 14 nonmanufacturing industries are presented in table 2. No changes in wage rates were reported in the anthracite mining and telephone and telegraph industries. Increases were reported in each of the remaining 13 industries and decreases were reported in five industries over the month interval. In the banks-brokerageinsurance-real-estate group 57 establishments reported an average increase of 5.8 percent for 3,037 employees; hotels averaged an in crease of 20.1 percent affecting 1,601 employees; bituminous-coal mining reported an average increase of 5.7 percent affecting 1,048 employees; and 1,051 power and light employees averaged a 14.9percent increase. The wage-rate decreases were inconsequential, affecting less than 100 employees in any one industry. T a b l e 2 .— W A G E -R A T E C H A N G E S IN N O N M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S D U R IN G M O N T H E N D IN G JA N . 15, 1934 ! Number of establish ments reporting— I Estab lish ments report ing Total number of em ployees Anthracite mining.......................... 160 Percent of change..................... 100.0 Bituminous-coal mining................ 1,508 Percent of change.......... . ......... 100.0 Metalliferous mining............. ........ 283 100.0 Percent of change..................... Quarrying and nonmetallic min 1,144 ing.................................................. Percent of change..................... 100.0 Crude petroleum producing.......... 254 Percent of change..................... 100.0 Telephone and telegraph................ 8,244 Percent of change..................... 100.0 Power and light.............................. 3,098 Percent of change..................... 100.0 Electric-railroad and motor-bus operation and maintenance........ 503 Percent of change..................... 100.0 Wholesale trade...... ......................... 2,993 Percent of change..................... 100.0 Retail trade_____________________ 18,609 Percent of change..................... 100.0 2,294 H o t e ls ............................................. 100.0 Percent of change..................... 1,240 Laundries_______________________ Percent of change..................... 100.0 334 D yeing and cleaning....................... 100.0 Percent of change................. . Banks, brokerage, insurance, and real estate............. ................... ..... 4,469 Percent of change___________ 100.0 89,077 100.0 231,175 100.0 25,903 100.0 160 100.0 1,492 98.9 281 99.3 26,217 100.0 27,750 100.0 252,032 100.0 205,570 100.0 1,138 99.5 253 99.6 8,244 100.0 3,096 99.9 6 .5 1 .4 129,599 100.0 85,182 100.0 415,461 100.0 114,014 100.0 64,529 100.0 9,455 100.0 500 99.4 2,978 99.5 18,571 99.8 2,230 97.2 1,232 99.4 333 99.7 3 .6 9 .3 14 .1 64 2.8 4 .3 1 .3 175,943 100.0 4,399 98.4 57 .1.3 Industrial group * Less than one tenth of 1 percent. Number of employees -having— | No Wage- Wage- N o wage- Wage- Wagewage- rate in rate de rate rate in rate de rate changes creases creases changes creases creases 89,077 100.0 230,127 99.5 25,398 98.1 16 1.1 2 .7 2 .1 6 .2 24 .1 4 .3 13 .3 1,048 .5 505 1.9 26,149 99.7 27,690 99.8 252,032 100.0 204,519 99.5 1,051 .5 127,965 98.7 85,032 99.8 415,281 100.0 112,413 98.6 64,412 99.8 9,446 99.9 1,634 1.3 116 x 140 0) 1,601 1.4 29 0) 9 .i 172,857 98.2 3,037 1.7 68 .3 60 .2 34 (*) 40 <*> 88 .1 49 (») 43 Employment Created by the Public-Works Fund, January 1934 HERE were 273,583 employees working on projects financed from the public-works fund during the month of January 1934'. Monthly pay rolls for these employees totaled over $14,000,000. T Employment on Construction Projects, by Types of Project A l l o t m e n t s for construction projects awarded by the Public Works Administration are divided into two groups— Federal allotmentsand non-Federal allotments. Projects to be built from Federal allotments are financed wholly by public-works funds. They are built either by force account (that is, the Federal department which has charge of the work hires the laborers directly) or under contracts awarded to commercial firms by the Federal departments, and are supervised entirely by a represen tative of the Federal Government. These projects include such types of construction as post-office buildings; Federal courthouses; naval vessels; river, harbor, and flood-control projects; reclamation projects; road building; and forestry service. Table 1 shows, by type of project, employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked during January 1934 on Federal projects financed by public-works funds. T a b l e 1 .— E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D ON F E D E R A L P R O JE C T S F IN A N C E D F R O M P U B L IC -W O R K S FU N D S D U R IN G J A N U A R Y 1934, B Y T Y P E OF P R O J E C T Aver Number Value of of age Amount of Number materials earn man-hours of wage pay roll worked ings per purchased earners hour T ype of project 1,085,450 16,682,611 3,399, 592 981,684 784,613 731, 349 1,810,518 54,232 1,011, 522 $0.665 .476 .577 .430 .746 .661 .635 .574 .552 $1,974,861 6,265, 000 3,008,967 426,837 1,348,656 2, 439, 384 537,211 44,940 3,601,216 13,852,632 | 26, 541, 571 .522 19, 647,072 $721,391 7,940,127 1,961,683 422,276 585,024 483, 729 1,149,102 31.142 558,158 Building construction- ___ __ ___ _________ ___ 14,240 Public roads____ . ______ _______________ _____ 145, 701 River, harbor, and flood control__________ _____ 49,886 Streets and roads 1_. - __ ________ ___________ 10, 725 Naval vessels. . _ . ____ _______ ______ _____ 5, 651 6,199 Reclamation______ . ________ _____ Forestry......... . . . _ _____ _______ ______ . . . . 15,793 Water and sewerage __ ____ _ __ - . _ _ 717 7,563 Miscellaneous__ _ ______ . _ _______ Total__ . __ _________ 256,475 1 Other than those reported b y the Bureau of Public Roads. For the month ending January 15, 1934, there were 256,475 employees (exclusive of the administrative and clerical force) directly engaged in working on Federal construction projects financed by the public-wTorks fund. The Bureau of Public Roads provided work for more than one half of the employees engaged on public-works projects during the month. Nearly 50,000 men were working on river, harbor, and flood-control projects. Forestry service accounted 44 fo f slightly more than 15,000; and building construction more than 14,000; and streets and roads (other than public roads) more than 10,000. No other type of project engaged as many as 10,000 people. Pay rolls for all workers on Federal projects totaled nearly $14,000,000 of which more than half was paid to workers on road building under the jurisdiction of the Department of Agriculture. Workers on river, harbor, and flood-control projects were paid nearly $2,000,000 and those in the forestry service over $1,000,000. Workers on Federal public-works projects earned an average of more than 50 centMKr^l^MHMIpdiiMi^i^navakvessQls^aYeraged slightly over 75 cents^1er% 0^fand those on building construction, reclamation projects, and forestry service averaged in excess of 63 cents per hour; while public-road building was the only type of work on which earnings averaged less than 50 cents per hour. The value of material orders placed during the month of January totaled over $19,000,000. Contractors working on public-roads projects purchased materials to cost over $6,000,000. Purchase orders for materials used on miscellaneous projects totaled over $3,600,000; on river, harbor, and flood-control projects, over $3,000,000; and on reclamation projects, in excess of $2,000,000. Non-Federal projects are for the most part confined to building construction (such as school buildings, city and county buildings, housing projects, etc.), street and road paving, and water and sewer age projects. The Public Works Administration makes a direct grant of 30 percent of the total cost of non-Federal work and in many cases will loan the remaining 70 percent. Table 2 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked during January 1934 on non-Federal projects financed from publicworks funds, by type of project. T 2 —E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D ON N O N F E D E R A L P R O JE C T S F IN A N C E D F R O M P U B L IC -W O R K S F U N D S D U R IN G J A N U A R Y 1934, B Y T Y P E OF P R O J E C T able Type of project Aver Number of Number age Value of materials of wage Am ount of man-hours earn pay roll ings per purchased earners worked hour Building construction________ ________ _________ Streets and roads...... ............ .................... ............. Water and sewerage........ ... .......... ................... .......... Miscellaneous_____ _____________________________ 5,106 6,225 5,284 493 $244, 277 228,441 230,988 18,622 291,212 406,970 389,372 29,466 $0.839 .561 .593 .632 $2,527,914 662,338 622,295 63,310 Total______________________________________ 17,108 722,328 1,117, 020 .647 3,875,857 The 17,108 workers employed on non-Federal public-works projects drew a total pay roll for the month ending January 15 of more than $700,000 and worked over 1,000,000 hours during the month. Their average earnings per hour were slightly over 64 cents. Street and road paving accounted for the largest number of nonFederal workers. Workers on building construction, however, had 45 the highest average earnings per hour— their earnings during January averaging nearly 85 cents. Workers on miscellaneous projects had an average pay of 63 cents per hour, while the average pay of street and road workers and water and sewerage workers’ pay exceeded 55 cents per hour. Material orders placed for use on non-Federal projects for the month ending January 15, totaled over $3,800,000. Employment on Construction Projects, by Geographic Divisions T a b l e 3 show& e m ^ y llf® ^ ^ ^ ^ M ^ ^ M | ^ ia n -h o u r s worked during January 1934 on Federal projects ffiiaifced irom Public Works funds, by geographic divisions. T a bl e 3 .— E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D ON F E D E R A L P R O JE C T S F IN A N C E D F R O M P U B L IC -W O R K S F U N D S D U R IN G J A N U A R Y 1934, B Y G E O G R A P H IC D IV ISIO N S Aver of Value of age Am ount of Number man-hours earn materials pay roll worked ings per purchased hour Geographic division N um ber of wage earners N ew England___________________________________ M iddle A tlantic-- _________ _______ ___________ East North Central......... . - ........ ............ .............. W est North Central_______ _____________________ South Atlantic.......... ...................... .................- - - . East South Central_________ _____ ______________ West South Central_____________________ _______ M ountain_____________________ ________________ Pacific_______________ ____ ______________________ 8,536 24,058 22, 327 40,183 30,971 30,045 49,656 28, 644 17,332 $661,180 1,369,363 1,222,448 2,169,249 1,612,074 1,106, 545 2,118,379 2,118,416 1, 221,161 1, 111, 668 2,577,805 2,161,477 4,329,731 3,461,172 2,446,174 4,779,826 3,436,044 1,707, 619 $0.595 .531 .566 .501 .466 .452 .443 .617 .715 $1,060,575 2,169,086 688,855 946,533 1,905,177 1,696,667 1,235,038 1,886,796 816,911 Total continental United States 1___ ______ Outside continental United States_______________ 252, 421 4,054 13,658,096 194,536 26,139,712 401,859 .523 .484 2 18,781,10& Grand total._________ _____________________ 256,475 13, 852, 632 26, 541,571 .522 19,647,072 845,966 1 Includes data for 669 wage earners which cannot be charged to any specific geographic division. 2 Included $6,265,000, estimated value of material orders placed for public roads projects which cannot be charged to any specific geographic division. Nearly 257,000 wage earners were working on Federal public-works projects during the month of January. Of these almost 50,000 were employed in the West South Central States, while more than 30,000 were working in each of the following divisions: West North Central, South Atlantic, and East South Central. Pay rolls in the Mountain, West South Central, and the West North Central divisions totaled over $2,000,000. The highest average earnings per hour, 72 cents, occurred in the Pacific division. Workers in the Mountain division averaged over 60 cents per hour. In only three divisions— the South Atlantic, East South Central, and the West South Central— were average earnings less than 50 cents per hour. Material orders, placed by contractors and Government depart ments doing force-account work, reached a total of over $2,000,000 in the Middle Atlantic States, while in the South Atlantic and the Mountain States they totaled slightly less than $2,000,000. 46 Table 4 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked during January on non-Federal projects financed from public-works funds, by geographic divisions. T a b l e 4 .— E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D ON N O N -F E D E R A L P R O J E C T S F IN A N C E D F R O M P U B L IC -W O R K S F U N D S D U R IN G J A N U A R Y 1934, B Y G E O G R A P H IC D IV ISIO N S A ver Number Amount of Number of age Value of of wage earn man-hours materials pay roll earners worked ings per purchased hour Geographic division N ew England____ ______________________________ M id d le A tlantic_______ ___________ ____________ East N orth Central.____ ________________ _ W est N orth Central.. . ...................... ...... .. . South Atlantic.............. ........ ........... .................... East South Central........... . ........................ . . W est South Central................... ................. M ou ntain........ .......... ......... .................. . . . ___ Pacific.................... .................. ...... 1,249 2,034 5,720 3,051 852 498 871 987 1,788 $56,930 61,440 276,937 92,663 30,191 19,356 30,882 37,011 114,042 93,497 116,921 435,862 141,247 49,830 34,164 49,109 60,758 131,374 $0.609 .525 .635 .656 .606 .567 .629 .609 .868 $131,265 2,145,911 749,722 369,063 155,513 36,450 68,820 51,641 158,525 Total continental United States___________ Outside continental United States........................... 17, 050 58 719, 552 2,876 1,112,762 4,258 .647 .675 3,866,910 8,947 Grand total_______________ ________________ 17,108 722,328 1,117,020 .647 3,875,857 The East North Central division had the largest number of workers on non-Federal projects, followed in order by the West North Central and the Middle Atlantic divisions. The average hourly earnings for all geographic divisions was 65 cents. In the Pacific States, however, average earnings per hour were over 86 cents. The other divisions, except the Middle Atlantic and the East South Central States, had an average rate of over 60 cents per hour. The Middle Atlantic was the only division in which contractors placed material orders during the month for more than $2,000,000. Table 5 shows expenditures for materials purchased during the month ending January 15, 1934, by types of materials. T able 5 .—M A T E R IA L S P U R C H A S E D D U R IN G M O N T H E N D IN G J A N U A R Y 15, 1934, F O R P U B L IC -W O R K S P R O J E C T S , B Y T Y P E O F M A T E R I A L T yp e of material Aircraft (new )........ ............... A uto tracks........................ Bolts, nuts, washers, etc___ Cast-iron pipe and fittings. C em ent. Clay products---------------- ---------------------- ------- ------------- ----------------------------Coal--------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------- -------- - ............ . Concrete products................................................................... ............................ Copper products......................... ....................... .......... .................................... — Cordage and twine....................................- ................... - ......................... - .......... Crushed stone...........................................- ..................... - .........— .............. — Doors, shutters, and window sash and frames, molding and trim, metal.. Electrical machinery and supplies................. - . .................................... .......... Engines and turbines.............................................. ............ .............. ........... — Explosives.. Forgings, iron and steel, not made in plants operated in connection with steel works or rolling mills................... ........... ............................ ............. ............................................................ F oundry and machine-shop products, not elsewhere classified..................................... .............. F uel oil............................... —........................................... - .................................. - ------- --------------------- A m ount ex pended $567,151 239,911 61,087 24,653 397,312 370,668 260,434 72,214 517,354 22,384 12,223 56,675 75,391 2,210,056 250,446 179,524 383,212 1,728,032 119,635 47 T able 5 — M A T E R IA L S P U R C H A S E D D U R IN G M O N T H E N D IN G J A N U A R Y 15, 1934, F O R P U B L IC -W O R K S P R O J E C T S , B Y T Y P E OF M A T E R IA L — Continued Am ount ex pended T yp e of material Gasoline................................. - ---------------- ------- ---------------- -----------------------------------------------------Glass_______________________________ _________ ___________________________________________ Hardware, miscellaneous------- ------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Instruments, professional and scientific___________________________________________________ Lighting equipm ent...... ............ - __________________________________________________________ Lubricating oils and greases------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Lum ber and timber products-------- . ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Machine tools______________ ___________ ________________________ ________________________ Marble, granite, slate, and other stone products....... ........ .......................................... ..........— Nonferrous-metal alloys; nonferrous-metal products, except aluminum, not elsewhere classified........................................................................ ....................................... ............................. Paints and varnishes............... ............ ....................................... . . . .........- ................- ..................... . Paving materials and mixtures-------------------------------------------------------------- ------- -------------------Planing-mill products___________________________________________________ ______________- -. Plum bing supplies____________________________________ __________________ _______________ Pumps and pum ping equipm ent---------------- --------------------- ------- -----------------------------------------Refrigerators and refrigerator cabinets, including mechanical refrigerators-------------------------Roofing, built-up and roll; asphalt shingles; roof coatings other than p a in t.................. ........ Sand and gravel............. ............................................................................. .......................................... Sheet-metal work------ ------------- -------------------- -------------- ------------------ ------- ---------------------------Steam and hot-water heating apparatus--------------- ------- ------------- ------------- -------------------------Steel-works and rolling-mill products, including structural and ornamental metal w ork— Tools, other than m ach in e__________________________ ____________________ ______________ W all plaster, wall board, insulating board, and floor com position___________ _____________ Wire, drawn from purchased rods_________________________________________ ______________ W ire work, not elsewhere classified______________ ________________________________ _______ Other_______________ _______________________________________________________ _____________ Public-road projects L . _____ _________________________________________________ ___________ $184,620 72,068 98, 017 241,062 57,641 33, 731 1,192,632 327,665 513,900 Total_____________ ________________________________________________________________ 23,522,929 22,707 34,263 133,857 414,933 204,200 119,996 29,067 74,919 283,483 69,612 65,56& 3,870,799 62,463 32,814 154,154 27,933 1,387,466 6,265,000 i N ot available b y type of material. During the month ending January 15, 1934, the value of orders placed for material by contractors on public-works projects totaled over $23,000,000. Of this amount, more than $3,500,000 was ex pended for steel; over $2,000,000 for electrical machinery; over $1,700,000 for foundry and machine-shop products; and over $1,000,000 for lumber. It is estimated- that the fabrication of materials purchased during: the month will create approximately 64,000 man-months of labor. Table 6 gives data concerning employment, pay rolls, and manhours worked during each of the 4 months for which employment was created by projects financed from public-works funds. T 6 .—E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D D U R IN G O C T O B E R , N O V E M B E R , A N D D E C E M B E R 1933 A N D J A N U A R Y 1934, O N P R O J E C T S F I N A N C E D F R O M P U B L IC W O R K S FU N D S able 1933 Item January 19341 October 114,098 Number of wage earners em ployed____________ $7,006,680 Am ount of pay roll____ _______________________ Num ber of man-hours wor ked ______________ 2 2, 346, 927 Average earnings per hour ___________________ 2 $0. 613 Value of materials purchased____________ _____ 3 $22, 005, 920 N ovem ber December 254,784 $14, 458,364 2 9, 497,828 2 $0. 589 4 $24, 605, 055 270,808 $15,724,700 2 11,241,098 2 $0.612 5 $24, 839, 098 1 Subject to revision. 2 Excluding data for Bureau of Public Roads which are not available. 3 Includes $6,687,273 estimated value of material orders placed for public-road projects. 4 Includes $12,473,681 estimated value of material orders placed for public-road projects. * Includes $11,424,000 estimated value of material orders placed for public-road projects. 273,583 $14, 574,960 27,658, 591 $0. 527 $23, 522,929 48 In spite of adverse weather conditions, total employment on publicworks projects during January exceeded that reported for December. It must be remembered that by far the greater part of public-works projects entail labor out-of-doors. Weather conditions during January were not conducive to full-time employment on road work, forestry work, reclamation projects, or other out-door activities in the northern section of the country. Data concerning man-hours worked on public roads are not avail able for the months of October, November, and December. Since the rates paid on this type of project are somewhat lower than on most of the other types of projects, and since many of the employees are working on public roads, the inclusion of the man-hours in January tended to lower the hourly rate as published. Average hourly earnings for January 1934 were for all types of projects, while those shown for October, November, and December 1933 were confined to projects other than public roads. Material orders placed during the 4 months totaled $95,000,000, while pay rolls totaled over $51,000,000. These figures must not be construed to show the relationship of the cost of labor to material on public-works projects, as the total pay-roll figures are the amount actually paid to labor on the job, while the value of the materials shown is the total value of material orders placed. Much of this material, however, will not be used, for several months. Civil Works Administration D u r i n g the week ending February 1 more than 3,800,000 people drew pay from the $400,000,000 allotted by the Public Works Ad ministration to the Civil Works Administration. This is a decrease of 4 percent as compared with the number on the pay rolls during the week ending January 18. Table 7 shows the number of civil-works employees on the pay rolls for the weeks ending January 18 and February 1, 1934. T able 7 .— N U M B E R OF E M P L O Y E E S A N D A M O U N T S OF P A Y R O L L S ON C IV IL -W O R K S P R O J E C T S , JAN . 18 A N D F E B . 1, 1934 Num ber of employees, week ending— Amount of pay roll, week ending— Geographic divisions Jan. 18 N ew England...................... ............... .................... M id d le A tla n tic......... ...................... .................... East N orth Central........... ..................... ............... W est North Central................................................ South Atlantic________________ . ____________ ._ East South C e n t r a l...____ ____ _____ _________ West South Central................................................ M ou ntain_____________________________________ Pacific...... ............ .............................. .................... T o t a l......................................................... . Percent of change_____ ______________ ________ Feb. 1 Jan. 18 Feb. 1 232,258 723,480 865,322 460,446 532,852 329,463 512,892 134,681 248,080 227,085 728,888 754,954 477,134 523,504 335,379 456, 230 133,004 239,837 $3,762,410 11,394,489 15, 652,585 7,103,739 6,898,762 3,709,471 5, 763,530 2,567,669 4,493,038 $2,909,822 8,957,717 9,991,040 4,994,951 4,629,399 2, 690,157 3,923,259 1,804,852 3,221,029 4,039,474 3,876,015 61,345,693 43,122,226 -4 .0 -2 9 .7 49 Although there were 163,000 fewer employees on the pay rolls of the various civil-works projects on February 1 than on January 18, the decrease was not universal, as 3 of the 9 geographic divisions showed more employees on civil-works projects on February 1 than on January 18. It should be borne in mind, however, that weather conditions affect employment differently in the various sections of the country, and since most of the jobs are outside work, the weather greatly influences employment conditions. No data are shown for localities outside of continental United States, although it is known that the Civil Works Administration has employed a number of people in our outlying territories. Emergency Conservation Work E m p l o y e e s on the rolls of the Emergency Conservation Work are now paid by allotments from the Public Works Administration fund. Table 8 shows the employment and pay rolls of the Emergency Con servation Work during the months of December 1933 and January 1934. T able 8 .— E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN T H E E M E R G E N C Y C O N S E R V A T IO N W O R K , D E C E M B E R 1933 A N D J A N U A R Y 1934 Number of employees Amount of pay rolls Group December 1933 January 1934 December 1933 January 1934 Enrolled personnel_______________________ ____ Reserve officers_____ _____________ ___________ Supervisory and technical_____________________ Carpenters and laborers........... ............................. 288,855 » 4, 508 13,168 11,343 299,273 4,585 13,159 3,803 $9,020,943 848,373 1,362,724 1,215,637 $9,346,302 (2) 1, 536,051 474,210 Total___________________________________ 317,874 320,820 12,447,677 3 12,204,936 1 Revised. 2 Data not available. 8 Including estimated pay for Reserve officers. There was an increase of slightly more than 10,000 people engaged in Emergency Conservation Work comparing January 1934 with Decem ber 1933. The increase occurred almost entirely in the enrolled per sonnel. Information concerning employment and pay rolls in the Emergency Conservation Work is collected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics from the War Department, the Department of Agriculture, and the Depart ment of the Interior. The pay of the enrolled personnel is $30 per month, except that 5 percent of the members of each company are paid $45 and an addi tional 8 percent are paid $36 per month. The pay roll of this branch of the service is figured on this basis. 50 The carpenters and laborers, shown in table 8, are constructing recreation buildings in a number of camps. This work will probably be completed sometime in March. Table 9 shows the monthly totals of employees and pay rolls of the Emergency Conservation Work from the inception of the work in May 1933 to January 1934. There has been a slight revision in these figures. T able 9 —M O N T H L Y T O T A L S OF E M P L O Y E E S A N D P A Y R O L L S IN T H E E M E R G E N C Y C O N S E R V A T IO N W O R K , M A Y 1933-JANUARY 1934 M onths Num ber of em ployees 1933 M a y ... . __________________ June........ ............................. J uly_____ _______ ____ ______ , A ugust................... , ................. ! September__________________ 191,113 281,861 314,142 305,039 240,901 A mount of pay rolls $6,353,641 9,663,701 11,223,542 11,333,318 9,487,755 Number Am ount o f of em pay rolls ployees Months October. _ ______ ____ _____ Novem ber_______ ______ ___ D ecem ber.. ________ ______ 1934 January________________ 292,456 340,713 317,874 $11,994,703; 14,086,448 12,447, 677 _ . 320,820 i 12,204,936 1 Subject to revision. Employment on Public Roads (Other than Public Works) HE following table shows, by geographic divisions, the number of employees, exclusive of those paid from the public-works fund, engaged in building and maintaining State and Federal roads during the months of December 1933 and January 1934. T T a b l e 1 .— N U M B E R OF E M P L O Y E E S E N G A G E D IN T H E C O N S T R U C T IO N A N D M A I N T E N A N C E OF P U B L IC R O A D S , S T A T E A N D F E D E R A L , D U R IN G D E C E M B E R 1933 A N D J A N U A R Y 1934, B Y G E O G R A P H IC D IV ISIO N S i Federal Geographic division Number of employees i Decem Janu ber ary 1933 1934 New England_______________ M iddle A tlantic....................... East North Central.'.............. West N orth Central_________ South Atlantic......... ................ East South Central........ ......... W est South C en tra l.............. M ountain__________ _________ P acific........ . . . . ............. T otal_____ ___________ Percent of change 855 1,619 2,886 1,854 3, 537 3,311 4,839 1,525 919 21, 345 200 474 779 702 1,641 1,100 2,260 414 63 State Amount of pay rolls Decem ber 1933 Janu ary 1934 51,670 113,030 163,161 104, 243 159, 457 127,665 223, 565 117,174 74,761 11,000 36,148 53,009 42,017 61,491 46, 752 92, 735 39,909 5,365 Number of employees Decem Janu ber ary 1933 1934 14,213 32,632 34,849 29,600 34,481 13, 040 12,034 8,167 8,607 9,209 41,728 27,352 18,848 30, 513 9,110 10,373 6,285 8,367 Am ount of pay rolls December 1933 January 1934 625, 643 2,115,187 1,594, 500 1, 046,900 1,091, 030 359, 648 693,409415, 657 742,135 1,316,448 1,677,643 1,867,178 1, 567,817 1, 238,904 514,117 741,796 538,683 765,774 8,684,109 7, 633 1,134,726 388,426 187,623 161, 785 10, 228,360 -6 4 .2 -6 5 .8 -1 3 .8 ~ -1 5 .1 1 Exluding employment furnished b y projects financed from the public-works fund. The funds from which the regular Federal highway-building pro gram is financed have been practically exhausted, and for that reason employment on Federal roads not financed from the public-works 51 fund may be expected to cease altogether in the near future. Practi cally all new contracts awarded for road building are now financed from the public-works fund. Due to weather conditions there was a decrease in the number of employees working on State highways, comparing January 1934 with December 1933, of 13.8 percent. Pay rolls for these workers also decreased 15.1 percent. Of the workers engaged on State roads, 84.6 percent were engaged in maintenance work and 15.4 percent in the construction of new roads. Table 2 shows the number of employees engaged in the construction and maintenance of State and Federal public roads, by months, January to December 1933. T 2 .—N U M B E R OF E M P L O Y E E S E N G A G E D IN C O N S T R U C T IO N A N D M A I N T E N A N C E OF P U B L IC R O A D S , S T A T E A N D F E D E R A L , J A N U A R Y TO D E C E M B E R 1933 i able Number of employees working o n State roads M onth Federal roads New 74, 405 76,969 94, 491 121, 089 138,934 151, 614 128,801 106,907 79,980 56,872 38,112 21,345 January___ February... M arch_____ A pril______ M a y ______ June........ . J u ly............ August....... September . October___ N ovem ber.. Decem ber— 39,906 36,352 37,891 40,560 47,540 54,388 61,428 60.365 62.366 58,711 63,379 46,810 Mainte nance 150, 989 140,639 145, 559 136,996 142, 713 152,855 141, 558 158,159 160,492 171, 260 170,765 140,813 Total 190,895 176,991 183,450 177,556 190, 253 207,243 202,986 218,524 222,858 229,971 234,144 187,623 1 Excluding employment furnished b y projects financed from the public-works fund. The peak of employment on Federal roads, other than those financed from the public-works fund, was reached in June, when 151,614 people were working under the regular Federal highway appropriation. The high point in number of employees working on State roads was reached in November, when 234,144 employees were paid from State highway funds. o
@FedFRASER