Full text of Employment and Payrolls : August 1938
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Serial No. R. 820
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Frances Perkins, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Isador Lubin, Commissioner
EMPLOYMENT
AND PAY ROLLS
Prepared by
DIVISION OF EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS
Lewis E. Talbert, Chief
and
DIVISION OF CONSTRUCTION AND
PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT
Herman B. Byer, Chief
AUGUST 1938
»##+**»++#*+#+##++#+»+++######+####+######+++##+####++#»»+»#+####+###«
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE • WASHINGTON • 1938
CONTENTS
Fagt
Summary of employment reports for August 1938:
Total nonagricultural employment
Adjustment of indexes of factory employment and pay rolls to the
1935 Census of Manufactures
Industrial and business employment
Public employment
Detailed tables for August 1938:
Industrial and business employment
Public employment
I
2
2
5
8
27
Tables
TABLE 1.—All manufacturing industries combined and nonmanufacturing
industries—employment, pay rolls, and weekly earnings,
August 1938
TABLE 2.—Federal employment and pay rolls—summary, August 1938. TABLE 3.—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—employment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings, August 1938
TABLE 4.—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—employment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings, June through August
1938
TABLE 5.—Factory employment and pay rolls—general indexes by
months, January 1919 to August 1938
TABLE 6.—Selected manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—
indexes of employment and pay rolls, August 1937 to
August 1938_
TABLE 7.—Geographic divisions and States—comparison of employment
and pay rolls in identical establishments in July and August
1938
TABLE 8.—Principal metropolitan areas—comparison of employment
and pay rolls in identical establishments in July and
August 1938
TABLE 9.—Executive service of the Federal Government—employment
and pay rolls in July and August 1938
TABLE 10.—Construction projects financed by Public Works Administration funds—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked,
August 1938, by type of project
TABLE 11.—Projects financed by The Works Program—employment, pay
rolls, and man-hours worked, August 1938, by type of
project
TABLE 12.—National Youth Administration work projects and Student
Aid financed by The Works Program—employment, pay
rolls, and man-hours worked from the beginning of the
programs
(in)
5
7
10
15
22
23
25
27
28
29
32
33
IV
Page
TABLE 13.—Civilian Conservation Corps—employment and pay rolls,
July and August 1938
TABLE 14.—Construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance
Corporation—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours
worked, August 1938, by type of project
TABLE 15.—Construction projects financed from regular Federal appropriations—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked,
August 1938, by type of project
TABLE 16.—Construction and maintenance of State roads—employment
and pay-roll disbursements, August 1938, July 1938, and
August 1937
._-
34
34
35
3a
Employment and Pay Rolls
SUMMARY OF REPORTS FOR AUGUST 1938
Total Nonagricultural
Employment
APPROXIMATELY 215,000 workers were returned to employment
in nonagricultural occupations, exclusive of Works Progress Administration and other Federal emergency projects, between July and
August. This is the largest August gain of recent years, with the
exceptions of 1933 and 1935. Widespread gains were reported in
manufacturing industries, 70 of the 87 industries surveyed showing
increases in employment and pay rolls. Including approximately
61,000 seasonal cannery workers hired for peak-season operation, a
total of 300,000 factory wage earners were reemployed in August
Wholesale trade firms hired more employees, while in retail trade
the reductions in employment were smaller than usual for the season.
Bituminous-coal mines reported a seasonal gain of approximately
7,000 men while employment in anthracite mines declined by about
10,000. Railroads took on 9,000 more men in August, the third
consecutive expansion this summer. In other lines of industry there
were no marked changes in employment.
The gains in employment were general throughout the country, 42
States reporting more workers on industrial and business pay rolls
in August than in July. Among the more important industrial
States in which substantial gains were reported were California,
6.5 percent; Massachusetts, 5.5 percent; North Carolina, 5.3 percent;
New Jersey, 4.2 percent; Indiana, 3.9 percent; New York, 2.2 percent;
and Ohio, 2.2 percent. In most instances, increased employment in
textile mills and clothing factories were primary factors contributing
to the gains.
Employment in August on work programs of the Federal Government increased on construction projects financed by regular Federal
appropriations, in the Civilian Conservation Corps, on work projects
under the National Youth Administration, and on projects operated
by the Works Progress Administration. Decreases on the other hand,
were reported in the number working on Federal projects under The
Works Program, on projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance
(1)
Corporation, and on Public Works Administration projects. In the
regular services of the Federal Government increases occurred in
the judicial and executive services and decreases in the legislative
and military services.
Adjustment of Indexes of Factory Employment and Pay Rolls to
the 1935 Census of Manufactures
The indexes of factory employment and pay rolls have been adjusted
to the 1935 Census of Manufactures in conformity with established
policy of the Bureau of Labor Statistics (adopted upon the recommendation of the Advisory Committee appointed at the request of
the Secretary of Labor in 1933 by the American Statistical Association) to adjust its indexes of employment and pay rolls to trends
shown by the Census of Manufactures, the Census of Distribution,
and other industrial censuses. The trends of employment and pay
rolls shown by the Bureau's indexes are based on reports received from
selected firms and do not cover all establishments in the industries
surveyed, while the census endeavors to secure reports from all
firms. Accordingly, the Bureau, in order to give a more accurate
picture of industrial employment and pay rolls, adjusts the trends of
its indexes to those of the more comprehensive reports of the Census
of Manufactures. Adjusted indexes for the period 1923-31 were
released in 1934, indexes adjusted to 1933 levels were released in 1936,
and the recently revised series of indexes by months from January
1931 to date are available in mimeographed form upon request.
In the current revision the differences between the new and old indexes for all manufacturing industries combined are the result of the
usual adjustments for variation in trends, and also of the elimination
of the railroad repair shop group from the manufacturing indexes,
following the practice of the Census of Manufactures, which dropped
railroad repair shops in the census of 1937. There have also been
minor changes incident to reclassification of certain firms in keeping
with census practice and to the inclusion of additional firms.
Industrial and Business Employment
Factory employment increased 4.6 percent and pay rolls increased
8.8 percent between mid-July and mid-August. These increases were
much more pronounced than the usual employment increase of 1.5
percent and the usual pay-roll gain of 3 percent. A comparison of
factory employment and pay-roll levels in August 1938 with August
1937 shows reductions of 2L4 percent in employment and 29.0 percent
in pay rolls.
The nondurable-goods industries again accounted for most of the
gain in factory forces during the month, with an increase in employ
ment of 6.6 percent. The outstanding gains in this group were in
men's and women's clothing, cotton goods, knit and woolen goods,
and canning. For all of these industries, except canning, reemployment was much greater than seasonal. Employment in the durablegoods group of manufacturing industries increased for the first time
in 10 months, by 2.1 percent. Among the more important durablegoods industries reporting gains were blast furnaces, steel works, and
rolling mills; electrical machinery; foundry and machine shops;
furniture; and sawmills. In the automobile industry employment
was reduced by 8.8 percent, primarily because of shut-downs for model
changes.
Wage-rate decreases were reported for 18 manufacturing industries,
affecting 39,100 wage earners out of a total of 3,820,000 employed by
firms reporting to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. As in the preceding month, the most widespread reductions were in cotton mills in
which more than 31,000 received wage cuts. Comparatively few
wage increases were reported by manufacturing establishments, but
increases were reported in the metal-mining industry affecting approximately 5,000 workers, and by electric-railroads and motorbus lines
affecting approximately 2,000 men.
In wholesale trade the increase of 1.0 percent in employment, which
accompanied increased industrial activity, was the first gain since last
October. Among the more important lines which reported gains were
dry goods and apparel, chemicals and drugs, petroleum, paper, and
lumber and building materials. Retail stores had 1.4 percent fewer
employees in mid-August than in mid-July. This decline was slightly
smaller than in recent years, with the exception of 1936. The largest
reductions in retail trade employment were in apparel and general
merchandising stores; hardware, automobiles, and automobile supplies; and in food stores. Gains of 2.6 percent in employment in
private building construction and of 1.1 percent in quarrying were of
seasonal proportions. This was also true of the increase of 2.1 percent
in the number of bituminous-coal miners. Anthracite mining reported
a further employment loss of 15.7 percent, partly because of strikes
in the first part of August. Anthracite pay rolls, however, showed
little reduction, as production was generally sustained. Metal mines
reported a gain of 3.6 percent in employment, but pay rolls rose 14.8
percent due to increased production and wage-rate increases. There
was little change in activity in public utilities. Employment decreased
slightly in telephone and telegraph companies and in the operation
and maintenance of electric railroads, but it increased by a small
amount in the power and light industry. Small seasonal employment
declines were reported in hotels and in laundries, and a seasonal loss
of 3.3 percent occurred in dyeing and cleaning plants. Insurance
firms reported virtually no change in employment, but brokerage
houses showed a slight gain.
Employment in class I railroads increased for the third consecutive
month. According to a preliminary report of the Interstate Commerce Commission there were 939,268 railroad employees (including
executives, officials, and staff assistants) in August, a gain of 9,382 or
1.1 percent since July. August pay rolls for railroads were not available when this report was prepared. For July they amounted to
$142,721,392 as against $140,391,948 for June, a gain of 1.7 percent.
Hours and earnings.—Factory wage earners worked, on the average,
36.3 hours per week in August, a gain of 4.3 percent since July. The
corresponding average hourly earnings were 62.9 cents or 0.8 percent
lower than in the preceding month, while average weekly earnings
rose 3.9 percent to $22.84.
The August 1938 average hours and earnings for the manufacturing
industries combined now relate to 87 industries instead of the 89
previously covered. The two industries which have been excluded
are electric and steam railroad repair shops. If these two industries
were included in the August totals, the August average hours would
be 36.4, the average hourly earnings would be 63.3 cents, and the
average weekly earnings would be $23.01.
Of the 14 nonmanufacturing industries for which man-hour data
are available, 13 industries showed gains in average hours worked per
week and 5 showed increases in average hourly earnings. Average
weekly earnings were higher for 11 of the 16 nonmanufacturing industries surveyed.
Prior to January 1938 the wording of the definition on the schedules
for public utilities, wholesale and retail trade, hotels, and brokerage
and insurance firms called for the inclusion of higher-salaried employees
such as corporation officers, executives, and others whose duties are
mainly supervisory. These employees have, for the most part, always
been excluded from employment reports for other industries, and
beginning with January it was requested that they be omitted also
for the industries named above. For this reason the average hours
worked per week, average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings for these industries are not comparable with the figures appearing
in issues of this pamphlet dated earlier than January 1938.
Employment and pay-roll indexes and average weekly earnings in
August 1938 for all manufacturing industries combined, for selected
nonmanufacturing industries, and for class I railroads, with percentage
changes over the month and year intervals except in the few industries
for which data are not available, are presented in table 1.
TABLE 1.—-Employment, Pay Rolls, and Earnings in All Manufacturing Industries
Combined and in Nonmanufacturing Industries, August 1938
Average weekly
earnings
Pay roll
Employment
Percentage
Percentage
Percentage
Aver- change from—
Index, change from— Index, change from— age
in
August
August
August
1938
1938
July August
July August 193S
July August
1937
1938
1937
1937
1938
Industry-
All manufacturing
industries
combined 1
Class I steam railroads 3
__
Coalmining: 5
Anthracite 5
Bituminous
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic
mining
:.
Crude-petroleum producing
Public utilities:
Telephone and telegraph...
Electric light and power
and manufactured gas
E l e c t r i c - r a i l r o a d and
motorbus operation and
maintenance
Trade:
Wholesale
Retail
General merchandising.
Other than general
merchandising
58
Hotels (year-round)
Laundries 5
Dyeing and cleaning 5
Brokerage..
Insurance
Building construction
(1923-25
= 100)
=100)
85.7
+4.6
-21.4
52.6
+1.1
-19.2
100)
37.6 -15.7
80.1 +2.1
51.4 +3.6
-24.3
-17.7
-38.4
+1.1
+.1
-18.9
74.8
-6.3
91.3
92.7
+.4
-5.8
98.9
-5.4
69.5
87.6
80.0
+1.0
-1.4
-1.7
-4.5
-7.2
-7.9
73.7
66.8
78.8
78.3
90.4
97.5
105.0
-1.3
-.3
-.3
-3.3
+1.0
(5)
+2.6
-7.0
-4.2
-6.8
-4.8
-13.7
+2.0
-31.6
64.3
77.4
83.1
74.3
44.6
72.4
76.8
+8.8
(1929=
100)
20.1
64.2 +13.2
43.7 +14.8
39.2
66.8
+6.1
+.1
+.5
+.7
+3.9
-9.7
-32.1
-25.6
-47.4
17.39 +17.8
21.38 +10.8
26.62 +10.9
-10.3
-9.6
-14.7
-26.3
-5.6
22.17 +4.9
34.11 H-(6)
7 30. 25 +.7
- 2 9 . 0 2 $22.84
-9.1
+3.3
+5.8
+2.3
-3.6
' 33. 54
+.2
+.7
+.2
-5.0
i 32.73
+1.7
+.4
-6.7
-7.6
-8.1
7 29.35
7 21. 38
718.12
-.6
-.3
-2.3
—.5
-.2
-1.9
(5)
-7.4
-3.9
-5.6
-8.7
-20.7
-3.3
-34. 0
7 23.98
7 14. 64
17.36
19.47
7 34. 71
7 35. 70
29.69
+.3
+.5
+.3
+1.3
-2.0
-2.1
+.2
+.4
-4.2
-2.5
+3.6
-1.0
-.5
-2.5
+.9
-.5
-4.0
-8.2
-5.2
-3.5
12 Revised indexes—adjusted to 1935 Census of Manufactures.
Does not include railroad repair shops.
3
Preliminary. Source: Interstate Commerce Commission.
4
Not
available.
5
Indexes adjusted to 1935 census. Comparable series back to January 1929 presented in January 1938
issue
of
this
pamphlet.
6
Less than Ho of 1 percent.
7
Average weekly earnings not strictly comparable with figures published in issues of this pamphlet dated
earlier than January 1938, as they now exclude corporation officers, executives, and other employees whose
duties are mainly supervisory.
* Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
Public Employment
For the month ending August 15 nearly 109,000 men were working
on P. W. A. construction projects, a decrease of 1,000 resulting from
the completion of many of the projects financed from N. I. R. A. and
E. R. A. A. 1935 and 1936 funds. Projects under the new Public
Works Administration Appropriation Act of 1938 are now beginning
and the aggregate value of contracts awarded on this program through
August 31 was $67,697,000. Of the 109,000 at work in August, 18,000
were employed on Federal and non-Federal projects financed from
N. I. R. A. funds, 88,000 on non-Federal projects financed from
E. R. A. A. 1935, 1936, and 1937 funds, and 3,000 on Federal and nonFederal projects started with P. W. A. A. 1938 funds. For this same
101917—38
2
6
period during which the number of men at work and the number of
man-hours worked decreased, pay rolls increased $261,000. This
seeming incongruity frequently occurs when projects are being rapidly
completed and high rates are paid to the skilled workers remaining on
the job to finish the work. A marked gain in pay rolls on tunnel construction where the average hourly earnings were high due to the risk
involved in this type of construction was also a factor in the increase
in pay rolls. Monthly pay-roll disbursements on P. W. A. projects
amounted to $9,262,000.
On projects financed from regular Federal appropriations employment continued to increase, due in part to expansion in road construction work. For the month ending August 15 the maximum number
of workers employed during any week was 253,000, nearly 16,000 more
than during the preceding month. Gains in employment were reported on projects with the exception of the following types: Building
construction, forestry, heavy engineering, and miscellaneous projects.
Monthly pay rolls of $24,478,000 were $624,000 greater than in July.
The number working on construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation during the month ending August
15 was 3,000, virtually the same as in July. Pay rolls for the month
amounted to $425,000, slightly less than for the preceding month due
to a decrease in the number of man-hours worked.
An important gain in employment occurred on projects operated
by the Works Progress Administration, for which an increase of 97,000
was reported. In August 3,064,000 were at work on these projects
and pay rolls totaled $162,381,000. On Federal projects under The
Works Program, for which reports represent activity during the month
ending August 15, 117,000 were at work, a decrease of more than
184,000 compared with the figure for the month ending July 15, because of the termination of many projects on June 30. Projects
under the new 1938 program were not in full operation throughout the
August period. Pay rolls on Federal projects under The Works
Program were $5,794,000 in August. The number employed on
work projects of the National Youth Administration in August was
221,000, an increase of 7,000 from July. The Student Aid program
was not active during August.
In the regular services of the Federal Government increases in the
number working occurred in the executive and judicial services and
decreases in the legislative and military services. Of the 872,000 employees in the executive service in August, 117,000 were working in the
District of Columbia and 755,000 outside the District. Force-account
emploj'ees (employees who are on the Federal pay roll and are engaged
on construction projects) were 9 percent of the total number of employees in the executive service. During the month the Civil Aero-
nautics Authority, a newly created agency, began functioning. The
divisions of Air Commerce from the Department of Commerce and
Air Mail from the Interstate Commerce Commission were placed
under the new agency. While this transfer of workers affected certain
departments, it did not show in the total employment figures for the
executive service. The most marked increase in employment in
August occurred in the Works Progress Administration. The Department of Agriculture was among those departments for which decreases in employment were reported.
There was a gain of 18,000 in the number of workers in the Civilian
Conservation Corps in August, increasing the total number in camps
to 334,000. Of this number 296,000 were enrolled workers, 5,000
reserve officers, 300 nurses, 1,500 educational advisers, and 31,000
supervisory and technical employees. August pay rolls for all groups
of workers were $14,946,000.
Employment on State-financed road projects dropped 3,000 in the
month ending August 15 as compared with July and was 8,000 greater
than in August 1937. Of the 197,000 working in August 1938, 27,000
were on new road construction and 170,000 on maintenance. Payroll disbursements for both types of road work were $13,483,000, a
gain from July of $500,000.
A summary of Federal employment and pay-roll statistics for July
and August is given in table 2.
TABLE 2.—Summary of Federal Employment and Pay Rolls, August 1938 1
[Preliminary figures)
Employment
Class
August
Federal services:
Executive 2
_
Judicial
LegislativeMilitary
Construction projects:
Financed b y P . W . A.*
Financed b y R. F . C.«
Financed b y regular Federal appropriations
Federal projects under T h e Works
Program
Projects operated b y W . P . A
National Y o u t h Administration:
Work projects
_
S t u d e n t Aid «
Civilian Conservation Corps
July
Percentage
change
Pay rolls
August
July
Percentage
871,815
2,075
5,298
341,325
3 867,160
2,013
5,386
343, 700
+0.5
+3.1
108,926
2,959
109,976
2,997
-1.0
-1.3
9, 262, 059
424,674
9, 000, 738
447, 594
+2.9
252, 599
236, 415
+6.8
24,478,120
23,854,162
+2.6
117,459
3, 063, 758
301,923
2,966,832
-61.1
+3.3
5,793, 779
162,381,189
10, 289, 040
151, 215, 718
-43.7
221, 307
213,972
+3.4
3,888,640
3, 685,148
+5.5
"+5:7"
14,945, 948
li,266,482
+4.8
334, 257
""316,"* 227"
-1.6
-.7
$132,085,363 3 $128,184,159
563,538
503,766
1, 228, 571
1,220, 708
26,887,384
27, 060, 719
+3.0
+11.9
±i
-5.1
+7.4
*2 Includes data on projects financed wholly or partially from Federal funds.
Includes force-account and supervisory and technical employees shown under other classifications t o
the extent of 114,852 employees and pay-roll disbursements of $14,267,619 for August and 108,344 employees
and pay-roll disbursements of $12,740,403 for July.
3 Revised.
* Data covering P. W. A. projects financed from Emergency Relief Appropriation Acts of 1935,1936, and
1937 funds and Public Works Appropriation Act of 1938 funds are included. These data are not shown under
The Works Program. Includes 87,543 wage earners and $7,327,300 pay roll for August; 90,040 wage earners
and $7,210,860 pay roll for July, covering Public Works Administration projects financed from Emergency
Relief
Appropriation Acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937 funds.
6
Includes 197 employees and pay-roll disbursements of $13,101 for August and 62 employees and pay-roll
disbursements
of $5,903 for July on projects financed by the R F C Mortgage Co.
8
Program not active during July and August 1938.
8
DETAILED TABLES FOR JULY 1938
Industrial and Business Employment
MONTHLY reports on employment and pay rolls are available for the
following groups: 87 manufacturing industries; 16 nonmanufacturing
industries, including private building construction; and class I steam
railroads. The reports for the first two of these groups—manufacturing and nonmanufacturing—are based on sample surveys by the
Bureau of Labor Statistics, and in virtually all industries the samples
are large enough to be entirely representative. The figures on class I
steam railroads are compiled by the Interstate Commerce Commission
and are presented in the foregoing summary.
EMPLOYMENT, PAY ROLLS, HOURS, AND EARNINGS
The indexes of employment and pay rolls as well as average hours
worked per week, average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings in manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries in August
1938 are shown in table 3. Percentage changes from July 1938 and
August 1937 are also given.
For the manufacturing industries, two series of indexes are shown.
One series (the new series) has been adjusted to the 1935 Census of
Manufactures and the other is a continuation of the previously published indexes which have been adjusted only to the 1933 Census of
Manufactures. Electric and steam railroad repair shops have been
excluded from the new series in keeping with the 1937 Census of
Manufactures. This eliminates the duplication that has resulted
heretofore, as steam railroad repair shop figures have always been
included in the summaries released by the Interstate Commerce
Commission. The percentage changes over the month and year
intervals relate to the new series of indexes.
The average hours worked per week, average hourly earnings, and
average weekly earnings for all manufacturing industries combined
now relate to 87 industries, instead of 89 as heretofore, because of the
exclusion of railroad repair shops. This exclusion also affects the
averages for the durable-goods group because these industries were
classified in that group. The average hours and hourly earnings for
the 87 manufacturing industries combined, and for the manufacturing
groups are weighted on the basis of estimated employment for the
separate industries. As these estimates have been affected by the
revision of the indexes, it follows that the weighted averages for
August differ from the averages that would result if the former estimates of employment were used as weights. Revised averages for
earlier months will be computed and made available in the near
future.
The indexes and averages for the iron and steel group and the nonferrous metal products group have been affected by the transfer of the
stamped and enameled ware industry from the latter group to the
former group. The indexes, hours, and hourly earnings for the knit
goods industry have been affected by the fact that they are now
weighted on the basis of four subdivisions (hosiery, knitted outerwear,
knitted underwear, and knitted cloth) for which separate figures are
now given. Tractor manufacturing establishments have been transferred from the engine-turbine-water-wheel-windmill industry to the
agricultural implements industry, thereby affecting the figures for both
industries.
The revised series of employment and pay-roll indexes, as well as
average hours worked per week, average hourly earnings, and average
weekly earnings for June, July, and August 1938, where available, are
presented in table 4. The June and July averages, where given, may
differ in some instances from those previously published, not only
because of the foregoing, but also because of revisions necessitated by
the inclusion of late reports and other causes.
The average weekly earnings shown in tables 3 and 4 are computed
by dividing the total weekly pay rolls in the reporting establishments
by the total number of full- and part-time employees reported. As all
reporting establishments do not supply man-hour data, average hours
worked per week and average hourly earnings are necessarily based on
data supplied by a smaller number of reporting firms. The size and
composition of the reporting sample varies slightly from month to
month and therefore the average hours per week, average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings shown in tables 3 and 4 are not
strictly comparable from month to month, even after revisions. The
sample, however, is believed to be sufficiently adequate in virtually all
instances to indicate the general movements of earnings and hours over
the period shown. The changes from the preceding month, expressed
as percentages, are based on identical lists of firms for the 2 months,
but the changes from August 1937 are computed from chain indexes
based on the month-to-month percentage changes.
TABLE 3.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, August 1938
MANUFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 3-year average, 1923-25=100. New series adjusted to 1935 Census of Manufactures and not comparable to indexes published in earlier issues of pamphlet which
included railroad repair shops. Comparable series available upon request]
Indexes,
August 1938
Industry-
Old
All manufacturing industries
_
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
New
series
Average weekly
earnings i
Pay rolls
Employment
Percentage
change from—
Indexes,
August 1938
New
series
July
1938
August
1937
-21.4
72.6
76.8
-32.9
-10.9
59.8
88.8
63.5
91.6
Old
Percentage
change from—
Average hours
worked per
week 1
Average hourly
earnings i
Percentage
change from—
August
1938
July
1938
August
1937
+8.8
+8.4
+8.9
-29.0
$22. 84
-42.5
-13.3
July
1938
PerPercentage
centage
August change August change
1938
from
1938
from
August
July
July
1937
1938
1938
-9.7
38.3
+4.3
Cents
62.9
24.87
21.25
+3.9
+6.0
+2.2
-14.4
-2.7
35.4
36.9
-{-6.6
70.2
57.8
-46.7
-53.4
-44.2
-19.5
24.12
24.70
21.63
20.19
+9.9
+12.7
+11.3
-.1
-22.3
-29.9
-18.3
-4.2
-32.5
-49.7
-43.7
-24.9
-35.2
20.63
24.48
23.06
22.52
23.13
+.2
-13.9
-14.6
-11.5
-12.8
-6.8
+9.2
+12.0
+11.2
—.1
34.5
+2.6
33.0 +12.0
35.2 +10.9
34.1
+3.3
37.0
+9.3
61.0
74.1
65.7
66.0
62.7
+.5
+.2
+1.6
-10.9
-5.2
-7.9
-1.4
35.2
36.0
36.9
39.2
+5.6
+4.7
+3.1
+2.8
69.2
66.6
73.1
59.7
+.9
+.2
+1.3
-12.0
-5.1
35.2
34.0
+7.3
+10.7
61.3
66.7
+1.6
79.6
85.7
65.4
94.8
71.8
99.0
+4.6
+2.1
+6.6
74.8
80.5
59.5
56.9
79.4
84.0
78.2
63.0
+3.5
+2.0
+1.3
+2.2
-31.4
-33.7
-31.5
-15.8
63.4
66.1
56.4
43.0
65.3
65.3
65.9
53.6
42.1
57.1
81.1
98.0
74.5
41.5
60.6
73.1
114.1
+16.7
+7.7
+7.3
+.7
+8.6
-21.6
-41.1
-36.4
-13.4
-31.0
57.4
33.5
58.4
57.8
93.5
60.9
34.5
57.6
58.0
109.9
+13.8
+15.0
+12.7
+2.0
+16. 9
+19.4
+19.4
+4.2
+19.5
60.4
79.3
57.7
101.6
69.0
76.0
59.8
99.5
+2.7
+11.4
+1.3
+8.9
-20.9
-29.6
-29.2
-16.8
50.4
64.7
55.3
109.6
55.5
61.5
51.2
107.0
+7.8
+18.1
+4.8
+13.3
-29.6
-33.3
-34.7
-17.8
+11.0
+11.2
+3.4
+10.0
+4.9
24.27
+6.1
23.95
26.94
+3.5
23.40
+4.1
72.1
95.2
71.9
106.2
+3.2
-3.1
-28.2
-43.4
67.4
85.7
63.0
99.8
+9.3
+9.0
-36.8
-45.1
21.64
22.64
+2.7
-0.8
-.3
Durable goods
Iron and steel and their products, not including
machinery
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills-.
Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets
Cast-iron pipe
Cutlery (not including silver and plated
cutlery) and edge tools
Forgings, iron and steel
Hardware
Plumbers' supplies
Stamped and enameled ware
^
Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and
steam fittings
Stoves
Structural and ornamental metalwork
__.
Tin cans and other tinware
Tools (not including edge tools, machine
tools, files, and saws)
Wirework-
+6.0
+12.5
32.4
29.6
31.0
34.1
75.3
83.5
69.8
58.7
-.1
+(2)
+.2
-.3
-2.2
-.9
-.2
-1.0
Machinery, not including transportation equipment
_
Agricultural implements (including tractors)..
Cash registers, adding machines, and calculating machines
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies.
Engines, turbines, water wheels, and windmills
Foundry and machine-shop products
Machine tools
Radios and phonographs
Textile machinery and parts
Typewriters and parts
Transportation equipment
Aircraft
Automobiles
Cars, electric- and steam-railroad
Locomotives
Shipbuilding
Nonferrous metals and their products
Aluminum manufactures
Brass, bronze, and copper products
Clocks and watches and time-recording devices
Jewelry
Lighting equipment
Silverware and plated ware
Smelting and refining—copper, lead, and zinc.
Lumber and allied products
Furniture
Lumber:
Millwork
Sawmills
Stone, clay, and glass products
Brick, tile, and terra cotta
Cement
Glass
Marble, granite, slate, and other products
Pottery
84.0
89.3
84.1
99.3
+1.4
120.4
74.0
135.0
74.0
+1.5
93.6
75.5
100.7
100.5
60.0
115.0
51.1
667.0
48.5
26.9
21.9
84.4
82.3
96.7
85.1
82.7
77.1
107.1
88.9
57.9
117.7
51.3
758.7
48.4
23.9
18.0
89.1
83.0
128.5
89.0
+1.8
-3.2
+8.9
+7.0
+1.9
-7.6
-4.5
-8.8
+5.0
-10.9
-7.0
+4.9
+5.3
+3.3
89.6
84.7
63.5
66.7
66.9
57.3
69.2
77.7
86.7
67.9
57.5
63.1
64.0
76.0
+5.6
+9.4
+8.1
+13.4
48.0
43.5
57.5
41.1
65.1
78.7
37.2
67.6
52.8
52.4
66.3
49.9
69.9
78.7
43.3
72.3
+3.8
+5.3
+2.6
+2.2
7
+5'. 3
89.9
83.9
65.0
86.5
79.2
101.6
79.5
95.1
85.2
68.1
81.3
71.8
101.8
88.1
-35.3
-42.9
76.1
95.3
76.0
94.8
+4.4
-3.4
-44.2
-51.9
25.03
26.29
+3.0
-2.5
-13.7
(3)
34.6
34.4
+3.3
-.5
72.0
76.7
-.5
-1.6
-12.0
-38.9
115.8
68.4
120.5
67.7
-2.1
+5.6
-18.8
-46.1
28.82
25.28
-.4
+4.1
-7.3
-11.7
35.7
34.2
-.2
+4.7
81.6
73.8
-.2
-.5
-22.7
-32.9
-34.8
-50.6
-30. 3
-24.7
-54.0
-18.9
-59.3
-63.0
-65.3
-17.6
-25.1
-27.0
-27.1
88.8
67.0
84.8
79.1
51.2
83.8
49.5
611.5
45.5
28.1
13.2
95.2
72.9
97.6
77.4
90.4
67.0
97.4
75.5
50.6
97.9
49.1
712.8
46.1
21.8
13.1
90.0
74.1
125.8
83.4
+4.7
+5.1
+3.4
+4.2
+10.9
+7.0
-3.5
-3.2
-2.4
+7.9
-15.0
-9.9
+10.6
+12.8
+7.1
-24.8
-43.6
-47.1
-55.0
-43.3
-38.5
-55.8
-16.5
-60.4
-67.8
-75.0
-20.8
-32.0
-30.8
-33.7
28.13
24.77
25.86
21.20
22.78
19.97
30.94
29.10
32.03
25.15
23.37
29.99
24.14
24.89
25.63
+4.0
+3.3
+6.7
-4.3
+3.6
+5.0
+4.4
+1.4
+7.1
+2.7
-4.7
-3.1
+5.4
+7.1
+3.6
(3)
+3.9
+3.4
+6.3
-1.8
+2.2
+5.9
+4.4
+1.2
+6.9
+4.6
-3.1
-2.9
+5.7
+8.2
+3.4
78.7
70.9
73.2
59.5
67.3
64.3
88.3
74.1
92.4
72.6
75.2
83.6
66.6
67.5
71.5
+.2
-.2
+.4
-3.4
-13.2
-28.0
-2.9
-9.2
-5.2
-8.9
35.9
34.8
35.4
35.7
33.9
31.0
35.3
39.8
34.8
34.7
31.1
35.9
36.2
36.9
35.9
-28.1
-11.7
-30.4
-12.5
-27.4
-21.7
-22.4
74.0
62.3
57.1
56.5
58.4
54.6
58.8
70.3
70.1
57.8
48.5
57.9
58.1
62.5
+17.9
+14.5
+16.6
+27.3
+1.9
+ 19.3
+21.8
-39.0
-15.6
-34.0
-20.9
-36.8
-23.7
-25.2
19.11
22.70
23.83
23.13
25.72
21.02
20.43
+11.7
+4.7
+7.9
+12.3
+2.4
+13.2
+14.1
-16.2
-4.9
-6.0
-10.9
-13.1
-2.5
-4.1
33.0
38.6
35.0
35.9
37.6
40.5
39.3
+11.8
+6.4
+7.8
+12.6
+1.5
+10.9
+14.7
57.8
57.7
68.1
64.6
68.4
52.3
52.2
48.2
42.2
51.5
33.6
66.1
78.5
31.0
52.0
45.6
50.2
56.5
37.2
65.4
78.6
32.0
58.7
+9.6
+20.9
+6.4
+5.2
22.79
20.90
22.77
19.58
26.06
23.95
24.37
20.40
+2.4
-3.5
-9.5
-8.0
-7.8
-9.1
-6.7
-10.0
41.8
40.9
35.9
38.3
37.8
33.6
35.7
34.4
+5.9
+10.3
+3.4
+3.1
+13.6
-4.5
+10. 5
-14.3
-24.9
-27.5
-28.6
-14.2
-35.2
-23.5
-19.7
+5.5
+14.8
+3.6
+2.9
+6.3
54.6
51.9
63.4
51.1
69.0
71.2
67.7
62.9
-.1
+4.5
+.3
+.3
+1.2
+3.9
-16.0
-22.3
-19.9
-20.8
-7.5
-28.1
-16.9
-10.7
+9.8
+6.0
+8.4
+4.0
+6.0
+5.0
+10.4
-12.4
-13.8
-31.9
-15.5
-17.8
-7.1
-10.1
77.1
74.0
55.5
75.7
74.7
87.4
73.3
80.0
73.3
53.6
68.4
64.9
87.5
87.2
+20.1
+11. 6
+20.1
+7.4
+10.3
+11.7
+16.4
-16,0
-17. 5
-38.1
-22.9
-17.7
-6.8
-15.3
16.84
+9.4
16. 50 +5.3
21. 01 +10.8
13.67
+3.2
17.09
+4.0
20.69
+6.4
25.21
+5.5
-4.1
-4.4
-11.9
-9.2
— 1
34.7
36.1
34.0
35.6
36.7
38.3
35.3
+6.4
+6.3
+11.4
+5.1
+2.7
+7.7
+4.8
48.9
46.4
61.9
38.3
46.6
53.7
73.1
+1.5
-.9
-.5
-2.0
-.2
-1.2
+3.0
-1.0
-1.7
+.7
-.5
+5.4
+6.8
-1.6
-.9
-.3
+7.9
-2.9
+6.4
-16.9
-18.7
-8.8
-17.0
-22.9
-3.9
-.8
-.2
+6.6
-1.9
-2.6
+1.5
-.8
-.1
I+.3
+.2
-2.2
-1.6
+.4
-.2
-1.0
+.1
-.1
-1.3
-.1
+.2
+.9
+2.4
-.3
-2.1
Nondurable goods
Textiles and their products
Fabrics
Carpets and rugs
Cotton goods
Cotton small wares
Dyeing and finishing textiles
Hats, fur-felt
See footnotes at end of table.
+-Z
-6.1
TABLE 3.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, August 1938—Continued
MANUFACTURING—Continued
Industry
Indexes,
August 1938
Average weekly
earnings i
Pay rolls
Employment
Percentage
change from—
Indexes,
August 1938
Nondurable
New
series
August
1937
Old
series
New
July
1938
+4.5 - 9 . 5
+4.0 - 4 . 7
+7.5 -13.7
+2.6 -19.8
+9.5 -21.3
+11.4 -23.6
+9.7 - 8 . 4
+17.6 - 9 . 7
+16.1 - 1 3 . 3
+23.2 -9.0
+1.6 - 5 . 1
+5.5 - 9 . 5
+36.8 - 7 . 3
+9.1 - 3 . 0
+3.7 - 8 . 1
+3.5 - 6 . 3
+4.3 - 1 6 . 1
+7.5 - 6 . 4
-2.1
-.4
107.2
111.8
154.4
65.2
57.7
126.1
50.2
62.1
90.5
74.6
128.1
85.8
109.5
59.6
93.4
76.9
75.1
77.5
131.1
139.8
322.0
94.4
203.8
69.3
78.9
80.3
104.8
67.7
80.1
59.1
+13.8
+15.1
+14.9
+6.5
+13.1
+18.8
+11.8
+37.1
+30.1
+49.0
+4.0
+16.5
+63.6
+20.1
+10.8
+12.0
+7.6
+2.0
July
1938
Average hourly
earnings i
Percentage
Percentage
change from—
PerPercentage
centage
August change August change
from
1938
1938
from
July
August
July
1937
1938
1938
change from—
August
Old
series
Average hours
worked per
week i
July
August
1937
goods—Continued
Textiles and their products—Continued.
Fabrics—C ontinued.
Knit goods
Hosiery
Knitted outerwear
Knitted underwear.
Knitted cloth
Silk and rayon goods
Woolen and worsted goods
Wearing apparel
Clothing, men's
Clothing, women's
Corsets and allied garments
Men's furnishings. . . .
Millinery
Shirts and collars
Leather and its manufactures
Boots and shoes
Leather
Fdod and kindred products
Baking
Beverages
Butter..
Canning and preserving
Confectionery
Flour. _._._-..__
ice cream
Slaughtering and meat packing.
.
Sugar, beet
Sugar refining, cane
Tobacco manufactures
104.5 * 109. 3
138.3
74.4
68.4
150.3
()
61.3
61.3
75.1
71.7
116.3
101.6
104.3
96.2
165.9
133.0
94.7
83.6
127.2
115.4
68.2
48.7
117.3
110.6
92.6
88.8
94.6
92.6
77.0
78.9
138.3
125.4
144.5
132.5
260.0
219.5
110.2
90.4
251.2
243.9
71.6
69.2
78.1
75.5
93.0
84.4
94.2
85.4
74.7
64.6
90.1
75.7
64.4
60.0
+.1
-5.2
-3.5
- . 6 -16.2
+40.7 - 5 . 5
+6.1 - 2 . 5
+.2
-5.9
-1.7
-1.7
-.5
-6.4
+40. 3 - 1 . 8
+2.4
+4.7 -2.9
()
50.6
59.5
79.8
74.6
103.1
76.4
90.4
37.6
90.1
73.3
70.5
85.3
121.1
128.4
258.1
75.0
216.7
68.6
77.6
80.4
95.7
64.4
71.0
54.8
-2.1
-.3
-1.5
+29.7
+10.0
-.6
-.4
-2.8
+27.5
-1.5
+3.5
-4.6
-17.6
-22.6
-20.3
-23.0
-13.1
-13.1
-18.7
-9.7
—6. 3
-12.9
-8.9
— 11.2
-12.2
-10.3
-17.8
-7.3
-3.0
-6.1
-3.3
-26.1
-8.7
-3.1
-4.8
-1.0
-12.3
-13.1
-4.8
$17.87
19.38
16.89
14.12
18.91
16.22
19.21
17.70
18.45
20.23
15.27
13.46
21.98
12.17
19.76
18.85
24.15
23.17
25.33
34.51
22.84
14.67
18.03
26.53
28.92
27.93
23.33
23.90
16.81
+8.9
-0.3
~( 2 )
+10.6
-4.3
+6.9
-3.5
+3.7
+1.3
+3.3
+.8
+6.7
-5.1
+1.9
-3.8
+16.6
+12.1 - 6 . 3
+20.8 - 1 . 2
+2.3 - 1 . 2
+10.4 - 2 . 3
+19.7 +1.2
+10.1 - 7 . 8
-4.5
+6.8
-4.7
+8.3
+3.1 - 2 . 2
-1.0
-5.1
-.9
-1.7
-.9
-.4
+.6
-.9
-7.8 -16.0
+3.7
-3.5
IJ
-.9
+1.3 +L5
-2.3
+.7
-9.1
-4.8
-3.7 - 1 1 . 1
-1.1 - 2 . 0
^35.9
35.7
37.1
34.1
40.4
36.7
36.4
32.5
31.2
32.9
33.3
33.8
34.3
33.9
38.4
38.4
38.7
39.7
41.6
40.8
48.1
35.1
37.0
44.7
48.3
40.6
36.2
38.8
36.7
+9.0
+11.2
+4.1
+5.5
+4.1
+9.0
+3.0
+7.6
+9.5
+5.3
+4.5
+5.0
+11.0
+10.5
+6.6
+7.2
+3.6
-3.3
-1.5
-.6
-.5
-6.8
+5.4
-1.6
+.8
-2.5
-1.2
-6.8
-1.2
Cents
4 51.5
55.5
44.6
41.6
47.0
43.8
52.9
53.1
59.0
54.8
46.0
36.0
62.3
36.4
51.6
49.3
62.7
58.6
61.5
85.2
47.3
42.9
49.0
58.9
59.8
68.9
64.6
61.6
46.2
+0.1
+.3
+1.1
-1.2
-1.2
-1.8
-1.0
+4.5
+1.0
+8.8
-1.5
+3.0
+3.2
-1.4
+.3
+.4
-.3
-2.2
(2)
+.3
-.4
(2)
-1.4
+.7
+.9
+.3
-9.9
+2.9
+.4
Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff
Cigars and cigarettes..
Paper and printing
Boxes, paper
_
Paper and pulp
_
Printing and publishing:
Book and job
Newspapers and periodicals
Chemicals and allied products, and petroleum
refining
Petroleum refining..
__
Other than petroleum refining
Chemicals
Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal...
Druggists' preparations-.-__-.Explosives
Fertilizers_.
Paints and varnishes
Kayon and allied products..
Soap
_
Rubber products
Rubber boots and shoes..~
..
Rubber tires and inner tubes
Rubber goods, other
____.
See footnotes at end of table.
55.1
60.5
97.9
91.1
105.4
60.5
64.9
102.7
94.8
102.8
90.0
100.1
99.0
102.5
106.8
118.3
104.0
108.3
56.7
104.5
86.7
62.0
114.3
314.8
97.9
72.2
52.2
62.4
109.4
108.1
121.9
104.8
110.3
68.4
108.3
81.9
68.7
110.6
293.9
90.7
72.5
54.1
60.6
113.2
-1.0
+1.1
+5.3 - 3 . 2
+1.2 - 7 . 8
+2.6 -11.2
+1.2 -11.5
+1.3 - 7 . 2
+.3 - 2 . 9
+3.0 -14.2
+.1 - 7 . 7
+3.8 -15.9
+2.3 -21.0
+15.3 +6.0
+1.1 - 6 . 6
+1.7 - 9 . 4
+7.4 -15.5
-.2
-13.9
+8.6 -22.0
+3.5 - 3 . 6
+5.5 -25.5
+27.8 -30.4
-.1
-28.8
+6.2 -19.0
64.7
53.6
93.3
92.4
103.4
66.8
58.1
98.0
97.3
101.9
82.3
96.8
86.2
101.1
119.1
137.0
113.5
120.1
51.0
118.3
96.2
66.0
113.7
308.1
113.7
69.0
44.9
61.6
106.9
116.9
138.1
110.3
121.0
57.0
116.8
93.1
64.8
111.2
289.0
91.2
69.5
50.9
60.6
107.7
-2.9
+4.7
+2.2
+4.6
+5.2
+1.3
~(2)
+5.2
+2.1
+6.4
+5.7
+11.4
+4.9
+4.2
+2.8
+.2
+15.8
+4.7
+8.4
+38.6
+1.0
+13.4
-2.3
-5.0
-8.8
-10.0
-16.5
17.28
16.71
27.48
20.90
24.26
+1.0
+2.0
+3.9
+1.1
-8.1
-2.6
29.01
36.25
a
+(—.4
)
-1.1
-15.4
-8.9
-17.7
-23.1
29.04
35.25
26.17
30.39
12.83
24.52
31.26
17.46
27.39
24.16
28.64
25.39
21.54
28.73
22.34
+2.2
+2.0
+2.4
+3.3
-3.4
+3.8
+2.4
-4.3
+.4
+6.6
+1.2
+2.8
+8.5
+1.1
+6.8
-1.5
-1.4
-2.2
-2.6
+9.6
-4.8
-10.7
-17.0
-16.3
-23.1
-3.0
-28.5
-36.9
-31.0
-20.3
-3.9
-.6
-1.3
-1.2
-1.1
-5.6
+.3
+2.0
+2.9
-.8
-1.5
-2.4
-1.5
+.6
-4.0
-9.3
-2.8
-1.6
34.3
37.0
37.7
38.9
39.4
37.1
36.1
38.1
36.0
39.0
38.8
46.8
39.3
38.6
37.2
39.2
37.8
39.0
33.9
35.8
30.3
37.7
-3.2
-1.0
+2.0
+3.3
+4.1
+.7
+.6
+3.2
+2.4
+3.5
+3.8
-2.7
+4.8
+5.3
-1.9
+1.1
+7.5
+1.3
+5.0
+7.5
+1.6
+6.9
50.7
45.6
76.0
54.2
61.7
if
-1.0
-.2
79.3
97.1
-1.1
76.3
98.6
67.2
78.5
26.8
58.9
80.9
47.0
70.0
63.9
73.5
76.0
60.2
94.1
59.7
-1.3
-.3
-1.4
-.4
_
A
-Z.2
-2.7
-2.4
-.7
-.8
—.1
-1.8
+.9
-.9
-.5
TABLE 3.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, August
1938—Continued
NONMANUFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 12-month average, 1929=100]
Employment
Industry
Coal mining: 8
Anthracite 6
Bituminous
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining
Crude-petroleum producing
Public utilities:
Telephone and telegraph 7
__
Electric light and power and manufactured
Electric-railroad7 and motorbus operation and
maintenance
Trade:
7
Wholesale
Retail 7
General merchandising 7
_
Other than general
merchandising 7
6 78
Hotels (year-round)
_
6
Laundries __
_
Dyeing and7 cleaning 8
Brokerage 7 __
Insurance ._
Building construction
Index,
August
1938
Percentage
change from—
July
1938
37.6
80.1
51.4
44.6
72.4
-15.7
+2.1
+3.6
+1.1
+.1
74.8
-.2
92.7
+.4
69.5
87.6
80.0
86.4
78.3
90.4
97.5
105.0
(
+1.0
-1.4
-1.7
-1.3
-.3
-.3
-3.3
+1.0
2
+ ()
+2.6
Average weekly
earnings
Pay rolls
Index,
August
1938
August
1937
-24.3
-17.7
-38.4
-18.9
-8.6
-6.3
-5.8
-5.4
-4.5
-7.2
-7.9
-7.0
-4.2
-6.8
-4.8
-13.7
+2.0
-31.6
20.0
64.2
43.7
39.2
66.8
August
1938
July
1938
August
1937
-0.8
+13.2
+14.8
+6.1
-32.2
-25.6
-47.4
-26.3
-5.6
$17.35
21.38
26.62
22.17
34.11
-.9
30.25
-3.6
33.54
-5.0
32.73
-6.7
-7.6
-8.1
-7.4
-3.9
-5.6
-8.7
-20.7
-3.3
-34.0
29.35
21.33
18.12
23.98
14.64
17.36
19.47
34.71
35.70
29.69
91.3
98.9
69.5
73.7
66.8
78.8
64.3
77.4
83.1
74.3
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
+.1
+.5
+.7
+.7
+.2
-2.0
-2.1
-1.9
+ (*)
+.2
-4.2
+.4
-2.5
+3.6
Average hours worked
per week
July
1938
August
1937
+17.5
+10.8
+10.9
+4.9
-10.5
-9.6
-14.7
-9.1
+3.3
18.6
23.6
39.5
41.2
40.5
+5.8
+2.3
38.6
+.7
+.2
+1.7
-.8
-.6
-.3
-.6
+.3
+.5
-1.0
-.5
-2.5
+.9
40.4
+.4
45.3
-2.3
-.5
-.2
-.5
+.3
+1.3
-4.0
-8.2
-5.2
-3.5
42.3
42.7
38.7
43.8
47.1
42.5
42.0
8
Average weekly earnings are computed from figures furnished by all reporting establishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data supplied
by a smaller number of establishments as all reporting firms do not furnish man-hours.
The figures are not strictly comparable from month to month because of changes in the
size and composition of the reporting sample. Hours and earnings for all manufacturing
industries combined now relate to 87 industries instead of 89 as heretofore because of
exclusion of railroad repair shops. Figures for durable goods groups are also affected. See
text in summary and in section headed "Employment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings."
* Less than Ho of 1 percent.
* Not yet computed.
July
1938
August
1937
+28.9
+10.5
-15.3
-11.5
-9.4
-9.2
+9.4
+4.0
+1.3
+.5
+2.4
+1.8
+1.0
+.2
—. 1
+.2
+.6
+.5
+.2
+2.7
8
8
-.1
+1.7
-4.5
-2.3
-1.3
+1.1
-1.9
-2.8
-2.6
-4.1
-6.0
August
1938
Cents
90.8
88.8
67.7
53.7
82.9
81.3
83.4
July
1938
August
1937
-0.9
+.2
+1.5
+.8
-1.1
-1.0
-5,4
—.1
-1.6
_
3
-1.7
71.4
+.1
69.9
54.6
49.8
56.0
30.7
41.1
46.8
-1.5
-.8
-.1
-1.0
-.4
-.3
- 15 . 6
()
()
()
90.3
()
+1.3
-.1
+4.7
+.7
+5.4
-.9
+3.1
+1.5
+4.1
+1.1
8
+1.9
* Weighted.
«Not available.
6
Indexes adjusted to 1935 census. Comparable series back to January 1929 presented in
January
1938 issue of this publication.
7
Average weekly earnings, hourly earnings, and hours not strictly comparable with
figures published in pamphlets prior to January 1938 as they now exclude corporation
officers, executives, and other employees whose duties are mainly supervisory.
* Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
32.9
1
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
August
+*
Average hourly
earnings
TABLE 4.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries
MANUFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 3-year average, 1923-25 = 100, and are adjusted to 1935 Census of Manufactures. Not comparable to indexes published in earlier issues of pamphlet. Comparable
series available upon request]
Employment index
Average weekly
earnings *
Pay-roll index
Average hours worked
per week i
Average hourly
earnings»
Industry
August
1938
All manufacturing industries
Durable goods—
_
Nondurable goods
Durable goods
Iron and steel and their products, not including
machinery—.
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills
Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets
Cast-iron pipe
Cutlery (not including silver and plated cutlery) and edge tools
Forgings, iron and steel. __
_
Hardware
Plumbers' supplies
Stamped and enameled ware
Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and
steam
fittings
...
Stoves...
_
Structural and ornamental metalwork
Tin cans and other tinware
Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools,
files, and saws).
Wirework
Machinery, not including transportation equipment.
Agricultural implements (including tractors)..
Cash registers, adding machines, and calculating machines
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies
Engines, turbines, water wheels, and windmills
See footnotes at end of table.
July
1938
June
1938
August
1938
July
June
1938
August
1938
July
1938
June
1938
August
1938
July
1938
June
1938
August
1938
July
1938
June
1938
Cents
36.3
34.7
Cents
62.9
Cents
63.5
()
35.4
33.2
35.9
70.2
57.8
70.4
58.3
()
32.4
29.6
31.0
34.1
29.7
25.8
27.3
34.1
()
26.5
28.3
32.7
75.3
83.5
69.8
58.7
75.3
83.6
70.9
59.0
34.5
33.0
35.2
34.1
37.0
29.5
31.8
32.9
34.0
33.6
28.9
31.8
34.1
33.8
61.0
74.1
65.7
66.0
62.7
62.5
74.8
65.2
66.2
61.8
84.1
71.1
57.6
62.8
73.8
65.3
66.0
62.7
23.79
22.95
25.26
22.54
35.2
36.0
36.9
39.2
32.9
34.4
35.8
37.8
34.1
34.9
34.7
37.7
69.2
66.6
73.1
59.7
70.3
66.1
72.5
59.0
66.4
72.8
59.8
60.9
99.8
76.4
124.1
21.64
20.71
20.40
22.64
19.87 20.59
25.03 24.34 24.68
26.29 3 27.13 3 27.36
35.2
34.0
34.6
34.4
32.8
30.6
33.5
3 34.6
61.3
66.7
72.0
76.7
61. e
65.]
72.4
3 78. 4-
123.1
64.1
121.4
66.6
28.82
25.28
28.56
24.49
35.7
34.2
35.0
32.7
33.4
31.3
(2)
3 35.1
35.2
32.7
81.6
73.8
80.7
74.2
86.3
89.4
28.13 3 27.14 3 26.98
35.9
3 34.7
3 34.6
78.7
3 78.5
85.7
81.9
81.6
76.8
70.6
70.8
$22.84
$22.04
71.8
99.0
70.3
72.4
90.3
63.5
91.6
58.6
84.1
61.7
24.87
21.25
23.50
20.83
79.4
84.0
78.2
63.0
76.7
82.4
77.2
61.7
77.8
82.3
77.3
63.5
65.3
65.3
65.9
53.6
57.4
56.8
58.5
52.5
59.1
58.1
61.1
51.1
24.12
24.70
21.63
20.19
21.91
21.43
19.37
20.24
74.5
41.5
60.6
73.1
114.1
63.9
38.5
56.5
72.5
105.1
75.4
40.2
61.3
72.5
112.5
34.5
57.6
58.0
109.9
52.1
28.9
48.3
55.7
92.0
61.5
29.3
52.4
57.6
99.7
20.63
24.48
23.06
22.52
23.13
20.59
22.06
20.77
21.83
21.14
22.21
20.16
19.11
20.51
21.36
20.77
22.55
21.35
69.0
76.0
59.8
99.5
67.1
68.2
59.1
91.4
64.9
71.4
58.3
55.5
61.5
51.2
107.0
51.5
52.0
48.8
94.4
51.0
55.4
46.7
92.6
24.27
23.95
26.94
23.40
23.18
22.51
25.95
22.29
71.9
106.2
84.1
99.3
69.7
109.6
82.9
100.2
73.0
115.5
86.1
125.2
63.0
99.8
76.0
94.8
57.6
91.6
72.8
98.2
135.0
74.0
137.5
73.0
137.3
75.3
120.5
67.7
82.7
82.2
85.5
90.4
27.93
24.33
$20. 52
0)
61.7
65.8
(2)
3 78.1
81.8
74.7
3 78.3
TABLE 4.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries—Continued
MANUFACTURING—Continued
[Indexes are based on 3-year average, 1923-25=100, and are adjusted to 1935 Census of Manufactures. Not comparable to indexes published in earlier issues of pamphlet.
series available upon request]
Employment index
Pay-roll index
Average weekly
earnings
Average hours worked
per week
Comparable
Average hourly
earnings
Industry
August
1938
July
1938
June
1938
August
1938
July
1938
June
1938
77.1
107.1
88.9
57.9
117.7
51.3
758. 7
48.4
23.9
18.0
89.1
83.0
128.5
89.0
77.7
86.7
67 9
57.5
63.1
64.0
76.0
75.8
110.6
81.6
54.2
115.5
55.5
794.6
53.1
22.8
20,2
95.8
79.1
122.0
86.1
73.6
79.2
62.8
50.8
63.5
60.7
71.2
77.4
115 8
81.6
54.2
115.0
62.4
813.6
61.5
25.3
25.1
98.2
79.8
121.5
85.7
75.2
77.6
63.7
58.4
64.5
60.7
70 8
67.0
97.4
75.5
50.6
97.9
49.1
712.8
46.1
21.8
13.1
90.0
74.1
125.8
83.4
70.3
70.1
57.8
48.5
57.9
58.1
62.5
63.7
94.2
72.4
45.7
91.5
50.9
736.5
47.2
20.2
15.5
99.9
67.0
111.5
77.9
59.6
61.2
49.6
38.1
56.8
48.7
51.3
65.7 $24. 77 $23.95 $24. 30
25.86
24.31
99.0
24.26
71.6
22.11
22.07
21.20
47.2
22. 78 22.25 23.00
19.56
93.7
19.97
19.02
57.4
29.64
30.94
29.54
764.3
29. 11
29. 10 28.78
54.4
32.03
29.60
29.72
25.15
26.14
24.42
24.0
23.37
25.08
19.6
24.51
104. 7 29.99
31.34
31.61
24.14
66.3
22.93
(2)
109.4
24.89
23.07
22.75
23.14
72.5
25. 63 24.74
59.6
16.85
19.11
16.58
21.82
60.4
21.49
22.70
50.6
21 22 22.10
23.83
44.6
20.55
20.85
23.13
60.4
26.14
25.09
25.72
19.52
51.2
18.64
21.02
18.42
52.4
17.80
20.43
52.8
52.4
66.3
49.9
69.9
78.7
50.9
49.8
64.6
48.8
70.3
74.7
49.7
50.1
65.8
48.3
68.1
79.3
45.6
50.2
56.5
37.2
65.4
78.6
41.6
41.6
53.1
35.4
66.0
69.1
August
1938
July
1938
June
1938
August
July
1938
June
1938
34.8
35.4
35.7
33.9
31.0
35.3
39.8
34.8
34.7
31.1
35.9
36.2
36.9
35.9
33.0
38.6
35.0
35.9
37.6
40.5
39.3
33.6
33.3
36.3
33.3
29.3
33.8
39.4
32.0
33.0
32.1
38.8
34.3
33.9
34.7
29.0
36.2
31.2
31.7
37.1
36.5
34.2
33.9
33.4
36.9
34.0
30.0
41.8
40.9
35.9
38.3
37.8
33.6
39.6
37.0
34.7
37.0
37.8
31.9
August
1938
July
1938
June
1938
Cents
70.9
73.2
59.5
67.3
64.3
88.3
74.1
92.4
72.6
75.2
83.6
66.6
67.5
71.5
57.8
57.7
68.1
64.6
68.4
52.3
52.2
Cento
71.0
72.8
61.0
67.0
65.0
88.3
74.0
93.0
74.1
76.4
80.4
66.8
68.1
71.4
57.0
58.6
68.1
64.7
67.7
51.1
52.2
Cents
71.4
72.7
59.9
67.9
65.1
54.6
51.9
63.4
51.1
69.0
71.2
55.0
50.2
63.3
51.1
69.0
70.7
54.9
52.7
Durable goods—Continued
Machinery, not including transportation equipment—Continued
Foundry and machine-shop products
Machine tools
Radios and phonographs.. __ .
Textile machinery and parts
Typewriters and parts
Transportation equipment
Aircraft
Automobiles
. . . __ _
Cars, electric- and steam-railroad
Locomotives..
_ _
Shipbuilding
Nonferrous metals and their products
Aluminum manufactures... . .
_
Brass, bronze, and copper products
Clocks and watches and time-recording devices.
Jewelry
Lighting equipment
Silverware and plated ware __
Smelting and refining—copper, lead, and zinc __
Lumber and allied products
Furniture
Lumber:
Millwork . .
Sawmills—
Stone, clay, and glass products
Brick, tile, and terra cotta
Cement
Glass
40.3
45.4
56.4
36.0
65.1
77.6
22.79
20.90
22.77
19.56
26.06
23.95
21.76
18.29
21.90
18 83
26.13
22.55
21.36
19.76
22.77
19.43
26.62
23.48
$7
32.0
35. 0
32.7
37.3
33.4
32.6
29.3
35.2
32.1
32.6
38.4
35.0
39.0
38.6
37.7
38.9
33.4
73.8
92.7
74.6
76.8
83.3
68.2
70.9
58.6
60.9
68.8
63.4
68.2
53.1
51.8
68.4
70.5
Marble, granite, slate, and other products
Pottery
Nondurable goods
Textiles and their products
Fabrics..
_
Carpets and rugs
Cotton goods..
Cotton small wares
Dyeing andfinishingtextiles..
Hats, fur-felt
Knit\goods_
__.
Hosiery
Knitted outerwear
Knitted underwear
Knitted cloth.__
Silk and rayon goods
_
Woolen and worsted goods
Wearing apparel
Clothing, men's
Clothing, women's
Corsets and allied garments
Men's furnishings
Millinery
Shirts and collars
Leather and its manufactures. __
_
_.
Boots and shoes...
_
__
Leather
Food and kindred products.._
Baking.
Beverages
_
_
Butter
Canning and preserving
Confectionery.
_
Flour.
__
Ice cream
Slaughtering and meat packing
Sugar, beet..
_
Sugar refining, cane
_
__
Tobacco manufactures
Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff
Cigars and cigarettes....
_
Paper and printing
Boxes, paper
Paper and pulp
Printing and publishing:
Book and job
Newspapers and periodicals
See footnotes at end of table.
43.3
72.3
44.0
69.5
43.7
73.0
32.0
58.7
33.5
53.1
33.8
61.0
24.37
20.40
24.93
19.14
25.19
20.93
35.7
34.4
36.4
32.5
37.1
34.0
95.1
85.2
68.1
81.3
71.8
101.8
88.1
109.3
138.3
74.4
68.4
150.3
61.3
75.1
116.3
104.3
165.9
94.7
127.2
68. 2
117.3
92.6
94.6
77.0
138.3
144.5
260.0
110.2
251.2
71.6
78.1
93.0
94.2
74.7
90.1
64.4
60.5
64.9
102.7
94.8
102.8
86.6
80.4
62.8
78.2
67.7
97.0
79.8
4
104.6
133.0
69.2
66.6
137.2
55.0
68.4
98.9
89.8
134.6
93.2
120.5
49.9
107.5
89.3
91.4
73.9
128.6
145.0
259.6
110.9
178.6
67.5
77.9
94.6
94.7
53.2
88.1
61.5
59.8
61.7
101.5
92.4
101.6
84.6
77.2
48.0
76.0
68.3
98.0
61.3
4
103.9
132. 5
68.6
65.7
134.7
53.5
61.0
99.7
78.2
148.0
97.1
123.8
60.0
113.4
81.8
82.5
72.2
119.4
144.2
251.9
110.1
113. 9
69.7
75.3
91.6
93.5
47.4
90.5
64.8
60.6
65.3
101.9
92.2
101.9
80.0
73.3
53.6
68.4
64.9
87.5
87.2
4
111. 8
154, 4
65.2
57.7
126.1
50.2
62.1
90.5
74.6
128.1
85.8
109.5
59.6
93.4
76.9
75.1
77.5
131.1
139.8
322.0
94.4
203.8
69.3
78.9
80.3
104.8
67.7
80.1
59.1
66.8
58.1
98.0
97.3
101.9
66.6
65.7
44.7
63.7
58.8
78.3
74.9
4 98.2
134.2
56.7
54.2
111.4
42.2
55.5
66.0
57.4
86.0
82.5
94.0
36.4
77.8
69.4
67.0
72.1
128.5
142.8
322.8
95.9
157.2
63.1
79.4
80.5
107.9
53.1
81.3
57.1
68.8
55.6
95.9
93.0
96.9
62,4
61.2
35.5
58.5
59.9
76.8
48.5
<99.9
138.8
57.9
52.7
99.5
40.8
47.4
62.6
43.2
89.5
85.9
100.8
44.5
83.1
57.5
52.8
69.2
121.7
141.9
305.7
94.5
100.7
67.9
75.6
77.5
104.7
51.5
81.4
59.4
70.4
58.0
96.0
90.9
94.9
16.84
16.50
21.01
13.67
17.09
20.69
25.21
17.87
19.38
16.89
14.12
18.91
16.22
19.21
17.70
18.45
20.23
15.27
13.46
21.98
12. 17
19.76
18.85
24.15
23.17
25. 33
34.51
22.84
14.67
18.03
26.53
28.92
27.93
23.33
23 90
16] 81
17.28
16.71
27.48
20.90
24.26
15.67
15.72
18.69
13.29
16.57
19.60
23.85
16.41
17.51
15.65
13.58
17.47
15.17
18.85
15.50
16.37
17.14
14.77
12.18
18.41
11.14
18.56
17.48
23.44
24.53
25.79
34.73
23.01
16.06
17.47
27.06
28.74
28.63
25.99
24.82
17.18
18.07
16.96
27.10
20.42
23.37
15.03
15.29
19.29
12.82
16.82
18.97
20.05
16.68
18.07
16.17
13.38
15. 92
15.04
18.02
14.31
14.09
16.25
14.91
12.74
18.35
11.22
16.30
14.71
23.11
24.98
25.76
33.51
23.18
15.98
18.21
26.66
28.42
28.19
27.89
24.22
16.91
18.62
16.57
27.04
19.89
22.89
34.7
36.1
34.0
35.6
36.7
38.3
35.3
4
35.9
35.7
37.1
34.1
40.4
36.7
36.4
32.5
31.2
32.9
33.3
33.8
34.3
33.9
38.4
38.4
38.7
39.7
41.6
40.8
48.1
35.1
37.0
44.7
48.3
40.6
36.2
38.8
36.7
34.3
37.0
37.7
38.9
39.4
32.6
33.9
29.3
34.0
35.6
35.7
34.3
32.9
32.2
35.4
32.4
38.3
33.7
35.4
30.2
28.3
31.3
31.6
32.0
30.9
30.9
36.0
35.8
37.4
41.0
42.3
41.2
47.9
38.2
35.4
45.4
48.4
41.6
36.3
41.7
37.2
35.5
37.4
37.0
37.6
37.8
(2)
(2)
99.0
102.5
97.7
102.1
96.6
104.7
86.2
101.1
85.0
101.1
84.0
104.3
29.01
36.25
28.96
36.39
29.02
36.81
37.1
36.1
36.9
35.9
67.7
62.9
68.8
62.3
36.7
36.7
48.9
46.4
61.9
38.3
46.6
53.7
73.1
4
51. 5
55.5
44.6
41.6
47.0
43.8
52.9
53.1
59.0
54.8
46.0
36.0
62.3
36.4
51.6
49.3
62.7
58.6
61.5
85.2
47.3
42.9
49.0
58.9
59.8
68.9
64.6
61.6
46.2
50.7
45.6
76.0
54.2
61.7
48.2
46.8
63.9
39.2
47.3
54.6
70.1
51.5
55.3
43.9
41.6
47.5
44.4
53.4
50.8
58.2
52.1
46.5
35.1
60.7
37.4
51.5
49.2
62.8
59.9
61.2
85.1
47.6
42.9
49.6
59.3
59.2
69.1
73.5
59.9
46.0
51.1
45.4
76.7
54.7
61.9
36.5
35.8
79.3
97.1
80.0
97.8
30.1
31.3
34.7
34.5
29.6
2
()
33.3
34.4
32.0
33.7
33.5
33.7
2
()
26.2
30.2
31.7
34.3
28.4
30.8
2
()
30.4
36.8
2
()
42.3
40.3
48.1
34.9
37.4
44.5
47.6
40.7
40.8
39.7
2
()
36.6
37.0
2
()
67.8
63.6
()
64.2
41.1
48.4
54.7
72.0
(2)
55.7
46.0
41.7
48.1
44.2
53.7
(2)
54.8
49.3
46.5
35.1
63.0
37.8
2
()
48.6
63.0
(2)
61.3
84.1
48.0
46.7
49.0
59.6
60.1
69.0
70.8
61.0
2
()
50.9
45.1
(2)
55.3
62.5
80.6
99.4
TABLE 4.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries—Continued
MANUFACTURING—Continued
(Indexes are based on 3-year average, 1923-25=100, and are adjusted to 1935 Census of Manufactures. Not comparable to indexes published in earlier issues of pamphlet. Comparable
series available upon request]
Employment index
Pay-roll index
Average weekly
earnings *
Average hours worked
per week l
Average hourly
earnings *
July
1938
July
1938
June
1938
Cents
77.3
98.8
68.2
78.7
26.7
61.8
83.2
48.7
70.7
64.5
73.6
77.4
58.7
94.5
59.9
Cents
Industry
August
1938
July
1938
June
1938
105.0
121.8
101.0
107.8
59.3
107.1
80.5
64.0
110.8
270.5
87.6
68.7
42.3
60.7
106.6
105.2
121.1
101.4
109.7
57.8
107.6
80.2
69.0
113.0
265.4
85.0
70.6
53.9
60.4
106.3
August
1938
July
1938
June
1938
August
1938
July
1938
June
1938
111.1
135.3
103.7
114.5
51.2
111.3
89.4
63.1
111.0
249.5
87.1
64.1
36.7
60.0
95.0
112.8
137.8
105.1
118.1
48.0
114.4
86.4
65.0
115.6
242.1
85.9
63.5
45.2
57.5
93.4
$29.04
35.25
26.17
30.39
12.83
24.52
31.26
17.46
27.39
24.16
28.64
25.39
21.54
28.73
22.34
$28.48
34.60
25.54
29.40
13.31
23.65
30.63
18.55
27.38
22.68
28.32
24.84
20.15
28.43
20.81
$28.80
35.26
25.63
29.90
12.87
24.03
29.30
17.33
27.79
22.42
28.81
23.75
19.18
27.35
20.49
August
June August
1938
1938
Nondurable goods-—Continued
Chemicals and allied products, and petroleum
refining
Petroleum refining.
__
Other than petroleum refining
Chemicals
._ _
Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal
Druggists' preparations
Explosives
Fertilizers
Paints and varnishes.
Rayon and allied products
Soap
Rubber products
Rubber boots and shoes
Rubber tires and inner tubes_Rubber goods, other
108.1
121.9
104.8
110.3
68.4
108.3
81.9
68.7
110.6
293.9
90.7
72.5
54.1
60.6
113.2
116.9
138.1
110.3
121.0
57.0
116.8
93.1
64.8
111.2
289.0
91.2
69.5
50.9
60.6
107.7
38.1
36.0
39.0
38.8
46.8
39.3
38.6
37.2
39.2
37.8
39.0
33.9
3/\8
30.3
37.7
36.9
35.2
37.7
37.3
48.3
37.5
36.8
38.0
38.8
35.1
38.6
32.3
34.3
30.0
35.3
36.3
37.7
48.3
37.7
36.4
38.0
39.9
34.6
38.8
32.1
28.7
34.5
Cents
76.3
98.6
67.2
78.5
26.8
58.9
80.9
47.0
70.0
63.9
73.5
76.0
60.2
94.1
59.7
97.8
79.3
26.1
60.0
81.5
45.8
69.7
64.8
74.5
59.8
94.5
59.7
00
NONMANUFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 12-month average, 1929=100]
Coal mining: 5
Anthracite —
Bituminous 5
_
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining
__
__
__.
Crude-petroleum producing
Public utilities:
Telephone and telegraph 6
Electric
light and power and manufactured
gas 6
Electric-railroad6 and motorbus operation and
maintenance
Trade:
Wholesale e
EetaiH
General merchandising 6
Other than general
merchandising 6
56
Hotels (year-round)
8
5
Laundries
Dyeing and6 9cleaning 5
Brokerage
Insurance • •
Building construction 9
37.6
80.1
51.4
44.6
44.6
78.5
49.7
44.1
56.0
80.2
56.0
43.6
20.0
64.2
43.7
39.2
20.2
56.8
38.0
37.0
72.4
72.3
74.8
74.9
92.7
92.3
49.7
57.0
46.1
37.3
$17.35
21.38
26.62
22.17
72.8
66.8
74.8
91.3
92.2
66.7
67.6
34.11
33.94
90.9
90.9
30.25
30.19
98.9
98.3
98.6
33.54
18.6
23.6
39.5
41.2
14.4
21.3
36.1
39.2
30.6
21.0
37.9
40.4
90.8
88.8
67.7
53.7
91.6
88.3
66.7
54.2
93.2
87.9
67.9
53.5
34.23
40.5
39.8
40.2
82.9
84.2
31.08
38.6
38.4
38.4
81.3
82.7
85.5
33.40
33.55
40.4
39.4
40.3
83.4
84.9
83.6
69.5
70.1
70.4
69.5
69.0
69.7
32.73
32.19
32.37
45.3
44.5
45.0
71.4
71.3
70.9
87.6
80.0
86.4
78.3
90.4
97.5
105.0
+1.0
86.8
81.1
87.9
79.3
90.7
97.8
108.6
+2.4
+.6
+1.3
87.2
83.6
91.9
81.4
92.2
96.6
110.8
-1.3
73.7
66.8
78.8
64.3
77.4
83.1
74.3
73.6
68.1
80.4
65.6
77.4
83.0
77.5
+3.1
+1.0
+1.8
73.8
69.5
84.3
66.4
79.6
81.8
83.3
-1.2
+1.1
+1.1
29.35
21.38
18.12
23.98
14.64
17.36
19.47
34.71
35.70
29.69
29.71
21.72
18.33
24.41
14.65
17.24
19.85
34.53
36.63
29.52
29.83
21.46
18.22
24.11
14.95
17.20
20.93
34.06
36.64
29.43
42.3
42.7
38.7
43.8
47.1
42.5
42.0
(77)
( )
32.9
42.1
42.6
39.0
43.6
46.7
42.3
42.0
(77)
()
33.0
42.5
42.7
39.3
43.7
46.8
42.4
43.3
(77)
()
32.6
69.9
54.6
49.8
56.0
30.7
41.1
46.8
(77)
()
90.3
70.6
55.9
49.8
57.7
31.2
41.1
47.6
70.7
55.0
49.4
56.6
31.4
41.0
48.6
(77)
+2.6
+.3
+.2
+.4
-2.5
+3.6
1 Average weekly earnings are computed from figures furnished by all reporting establishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data supplied
by a smaller number of establishments as all reporting firms do not furnish man-hours.
The figures are not strictly comparable from month to month because of changes in size
pnd composition of the reporting sample. Hours and earnings for all manufacturing industries combined now relate to 87 industries instead of 89 as heretofore because of exclusion
of railroad repair shops. Figures for durable goods group are also affected. See text in summary and in section headed "Employment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings."
2 Not yet computed.
»Revised.
* Weighted.
$14. 76 $28.94
19.16
18.92
24.01 25.65
21.38
21.61
(7)
89.5
( )
90.4
«Indexes adjusted to 1935 census. Comparable series back to January 1929 presented
in January 1938 issue of this publication.
8 Average weekly earnings, hourly earnings, and hours not strictly comparable with
figures published in pamphlets prior to January 1938 as they now exclude corporation
officers, executives, and other employees whose duties are mainly supervisory.
7 Not available.
8
Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
9
Indexes of employment and pay rolls are not available; percentage changes from
preceding month substituted.
*• Less than Ho of 1 percent.
M
CO
20
INDEXES OF EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS
General indexes of factory employment and pay rolls, adjusted to
the 1935 Census of Manufactures, are given in table 5 for the months
January 1919 to August 1938. They supersede the previously published series, which were adjusted only to 1933 census totals. The
accompanying chart indicates the trend of factory employment and
pay rolls from January 1919 to August 1938 as shown by the adjusted
indexes and by the former series of indexes.
Indexes of employment and pay rolls are given in table 6 for all
manufacturing industries combined, for the durable- and nondurablegoods groups of manufacturing industries, and for 13 nonmanufacturing industries, including 2 subgroups under retail trade, by months,
from August 1937 to August 1938, inclusive.
The indexes of factory employment and pay rolls are computed
from returns supplied by representative manufacturing establishments
in 87 manufacturing industries and relate to wage earners only.
Formerly 89 manufacturing industries were covered in the Bureau's
monthly survey, but two of these—electric and steam railroad repair
shops—are now excluded. The base used in computing the indexes
is the 3-year average 1923-25 as 100. In August 1938 reports were
received from 24,864 manufacturing establishments employing 3,820,031 workers, whose weekly earnings were $87,257,748. The employment reports received from these establishments cover more than
55 percent of the total wage earners in all manufacturing industries
of the country and more than 65 percent of the wage earners in the
87 industries included in the monthly survey of the Bureau of Labor
Statistics.
The indexes for the nonmanufacturing industries are based on the
12-month average for 1929 as 100. Figures for mining, laundries,
dyeing and cleaning, and building construction cover wage earners
only, but the figures for public utilities, trade, hotels, brokerage, and
insurance relate to all employees, except corporation officers, executives, and other employees whose duties are mainly supervisory. For
crude-petroleum producing they cover wage earners and clerical field
force.
Data for both manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries are
based on reports of the number of employees and amount of pay rolls
for the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month.
EMPLOYMENT & PAY ROLLS
ALL MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
Index Numbers
Index Numbers
1923*25=100
140
140
120
100
80
120
7
M
A
V
Empi loyment
\rJ.
60
j
40
20
O
PayR'oils-
r
6
100
1
60
V
40
•-*-++ OF MANUFACTURES
1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 J933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938
U. 5. BUREAU OF LABOR
STATISTICS
80
20
0
22
TABLE 5.—General Indexes of Factory Employment and Pay Rolls By Months,
1919 to August 1938
January
[1923-1925=100]
Employment
Year
1919
1920
1921
19221923
1924_
1925.
1926
1927.
1928
-_.. 104.5 101.2 101.7 101.9 102.6 103.9 106.6 109.3 111.3 110.9 112.1 113.9 106.7
..-
114. 113.3 115.6 114.0 111.1 110.1 107.5 107.4 106.1 102.1 95.6 88.0 107.1
79.5 81.7 82.9 82.3 82.0 81.2 79.7 81.1 83.0 83.7 83.7 82.7 82.0
82.4 84.5 85.8 85.7 87.9 89.6 90.5 93.1 95.1 96.6 98.0 99.1 90.7
105.3 104.0 102.8 101.1 103.8
— - 100.2 102.4 104.6 105.1 105.2 105.7 104.6 104.
93.8
100.1 101.7 101.9 100.1 96.
98.4
96.6 98.3 99.2 99.1 98.
101.0 102.0 102. 5 101.8 100.8 100.8
98.6 100.2 100.9 100. 3 99.6 99.7
95.3 97.2 98.2 97.8 97.8 98.5
-
90.6 92.0 94.2 95.0 94.5 96.1 96.4
98.3 100.0 101.9 102.6 102.2 10L8 99. 8
99.7 101.8 104.0 103. 101.6 100.3 101.7
98.6 99.9 101.2 100.2 98.0 96.5 99.5
98.4 101.1 103.3 103.5 102.6 102.1 99.7
101.7 104.1 105.4 106.7 106.5 106.8 107.3 109.2 110.3 109.0 104.6 100.7 106.0
98.2 98.3 97.9 97.3 95.6 93.6 90.4 89.7 90.7 88.7 85.4 82.9 92.4
80.1 80.8 81.2 81.2 80.6 78.8 77.7 77.9 78.3 75.5 72.7 72.0 78.1
- 70.0 71.2 70.1 67.8 65.2 63.2 61.0 62.7 66.1 67.2 66.3 65.1 66.3
81.2 79.5 73.4
63.3 64.7 62.3 63.9
71.6 76.2 81.3 85.0 84.
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Aver-
- —
-
87.4 83.5 85.9 84.3 85.6 85.7
78.8 83.7 87.2 88.8 89.0 87.8
86.6 89.6 91.1 91.3 90.0 88.3 88.9 91.7 93.8 95.2 94.5 94.0 91.3
92.1 92.2 93.4 94.7 95.4 95.9 97.1 99.9 101.9 103.2 103.3 104.4 97.8
102.7 105.3 107.7 108.8 108.9 107.5 108.0 109.1 109.0 107.2 101.1 94.5 105.8
87.8 88.2 87.7 85.7 83.4 81.6 81.9 85.7
Pay rolls
1919.
19201921.
1922.
1923.
93.8 89.3 90.0 89.2 90.1 92.7 95.6 101.7 106.3 103.6 107.8 115.4 98.0
119.1 117.4 125.4 122.3 123.0 124.4 120.0 120.6 118.9 114.4 105.0 95.5 117.2
80.6 80.1 81.0 78.8 77.4 75.6 71.6 73.6 73.3 71.9 70.9 72.7 75.6
69.6 72.5 74.4 73.6 77.0 80.0 80.2 84.1 87.0 88.7 92.2 94.5 81.2
93.9 97.8 102.6 103.8 107.3 107.2 102.9 103.1 103.8 105.9 103.9 102.7 102.9
1924.
1925.
1926.
1927.
1928-
98.9
96.0
101.6
98.6
96.6
19291930.
1931.
1932.
1933-
103.8 110.8 113.0 114.1 114.3 112.7 108.6 113.5 114.4 113.7 104.9 101.2 110.4
96.5 99.6 99.7 98.5 96.1 92.9 85.0 83.8 84.8 82.9 77.3 75.4 89.4
70.3 74.4 75.9 74.7 73.6 69.9 66.6 66.4 63.8 61.8 58.3 57.8 67.8
54.0 55.4 53.6 49.6 46.8 43.7 40.4 41.4 44.0 45.8 43.6 42.4 46.7
40.3 41.4 38.3 40.4 44.4 49.1 52.7 58.6 61.3 61.1 57.3 56.5 50.1
1934.
1935.
1936.
1937_
1938.
56.1
67.5
76.7
94.4
75.0
104.5
101.0
105.7
104.8
102.0
104.5
102.8
107.2
106.6
103. 5
102.0
100.4
104.9
105.0
101.3
97.6 91.9 85.3
101.4 99.2 97.5
103.5 103.7 99.4
104.8 103.2 99.1
102.3 102.7 100.2
89.1 92.4 94.6 93.1
100.1 99.4 105.3 105.1
103.8 105.1 108.0 104.3
102.5 102.1 102.7 98.9
104.6 106.2 109.5 106.2
62.9 67.2 69.6 69.7 67.4 62.8 65.1 60.8 64.0
72.6 74.3 74.4 71.7 69.9 69.1 74.0 76.7 79.4
76.6 80.3 82.3 83.9 84.1 83.4 87.1 86.9 92.5
99.7 105.5 109.3 109.7 107.0 104.6 108.2 104.4 104.5
76.9 77.1 74.6 72.9 70.8 70.6 76.8
62.5
78.6
94.0
92.9
97.6
105.5
103.6
100.0
106.9
96.0
101.1
104.2
102.4
103.5
66.2 64.5
80.4 74.1
98:8 85. 6
84.2 102.0
23
TABLE 6.—Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in Selected Manufacturing
manufacturing
2
l
and Non-
Industries, August 1937 to August 1938, Inclusive
Employment
1937
Industry
Avg.
1937 Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec
Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. M a y June July Aug
Manufacturing
All industries..
105.8 109.1 109.0 107.2 101.1 94.5 87.8
18.2 87.7 85.7 83.4
81.9 85.7
Durable goods»
Nondurable goods 4
Nonmanufacturing
104.0 107.0 106..3 106.6 100.8 91.7 81.7 80.1 79.3 77.0 75.0 72.4 70.3 71.8
107.6 111.1 111.5 107.8 101.4 97.2 93.7 95.9 95.8 94.0 91.5 90.3 92.9 99.0
Anthracite mining
_
Bituminous-coal mining._.
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic
mining
Crude-petroleum producing.
60.2 49.7 58.1 61.5 60.1
59. 60.0 59.3 57.0 52.8 56.0 44.6 37.6
02.4 101.4
99.3 97.4 99.4 102.4
96.9 95.5 93.2 85. 82.2 80.2 78.5 80.1
63. 62.3
58.8 56.0 49.7 51.4
82.9 75.4 70.4
76.8 83.4
84.1
54.7
53.3 49.! 43.9
77.5 77.2 76.5
67.4
38.2
37.8 3S.9
43.7
43.
44.1
72.3 72.4
78.2
75.3
73.8
75.0 74.
79.6
74.9 74.8
75.7 74.9
Telephone and telegraph __ 77. i 79.!
78.0
79.8
Electric light and power,
77.8
74.8
98.5 97.3
92.6 92.0 91.8 91.7 92.2 92.3 92.7
and manufactured gas___ 95.6
98.6
Electric-railroad and mo93.8
torbus operation and
70.6 70.4 70.1 69.5
73.1 73.4 73.7 73.4 73.2 72.8 72.3 71.2 70.8
maintenance«
76.5 79.3
92.0 91.8
Wholesale trade
86.2
Retail trade
General merchandis- 89.8
ing
93.8
Other than general 104.3
merchandising
84.2
85.!
Year-round hotels
94.3
94.9 104.7
100.6
Laundries
107.5 110.3
Dyeing and cleaning
74.2 73.
61.6
41.7
73.2
72.8
93.0 94.0 93.5 93.3 91.0 90.4 89.1 88.5 87.3 87.2
87.6
90.7 92.1 91.7 100.4 84.1 82.4 83.0 88.2| 83.8 83.6 81.1 80.0
103.7 108.1 109.8 145.9 91.5
87.3
90.5 101.0 92.4 91.9 87.9 86.4
87.9 86.9 88.5 82.1 80.7 81.0 84.9 81.5 81.4
78.3
94.9 94.3 94.5 93.4 93.5 93.7 92.2 90.' 90.4
95.7
i.2 96.6 97.8 97.5
97.1 97.0 96.8 95.7 94.8 95.4
104.1
112.8 110. 5 103. 5 99.2 96.8 95.6
5 111.8 109.9 110.8 108.6 105.0
Pay rolls
Manufacturing
All industries
Durable goods 3
Nondurable goods 4__.
102.0 108.2 104.4 104.5 92.9 84.2 75.0 76.9
74.6
72.9 70.!
70.6
76.8
65.6 64.2 61.7 58.6 63.5
67.1 67.2
103.5 110.5 105.8 108.2 94.8
100.4 105.' 102. 9 100.3 90.8 87.7 84.0 87.1 87.! 84.7 82.6 80.9 84.1 91.6
Nonmanufacturing
38.3 49.7 20.2 20.1
46.9 29.6 34.2 55.4 49.0 51.3 46.5 46.1 47.3
Anthracite mining
88.5 86.3 90.9 100. 7 91.1 95.1 70.4 74.0 68.4 56.3 55.3 57.0 56.8 64.2
Metalliferous
mining,
B
i tuminous-coal
mining. _. 74.0 83.0 82.2 81.7 71.6 65.1 59.1 55.8 56.3 53.3 51.2 46.1 38.0 43.7
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining
45.4 53.2 50.1 49.3 41.7 33.4 27.7 28.6 30.2 33.9 38.3 37.3 37.0 39.2
Crude-petroleum producing
68.2 70.8 71.2 69.9 70.2 69.8 68.2 69.6 68.0 68.0 66.7 67.6 66.7 66.8
i 3-year average, 1923-25=100—adjusted to 1935 Census of Manufactures. Comparable indexes are
available on request.
212-month average for 1929=100. Comparable indexes are in November 1934 and subsequent issues of
Employment and Pay Rolls, or in February 1935 and subsequent issues of Monthly Labor Review, except
for anthracite and bituminous-coal mining, year-round hotels, laundries, and dyeing and cleaning. Indexes
for these industries from January 1929 forward have been adjusted to the 1935 census and are presented in
the January 1938 and subsequent issues of Employment and Pay Rolls.
3 Includes: Iron and steel; machinery; transportation equipment; railroad repair shops; nonferrous
metals;
lumber and allied products; and stone, clay, and glass products.
4
Includes: Textiles and their products, leather and its manufactures, food and kindred products, tobacco
manufactures, paper and printing, chemicals and allied products, products of petroleum and coal, rubber
products, and a number of miscellaneous industries not included in other groups.
» Not including electric-railroad car building and repairing. See transportation equipment and railroad
repair-shop groups, manufacturing industries, table 3.
24
TABLE 6.—Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in Selected Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, August 1937 to August 1938, Inclusive—Continued
Pay rolls
Industry
1937
1938
Avg. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. M a y June July
Aug.
1937
Nonmanufacturing—Con.
Telephone and telegraph.. 89.6 92.1 92.3 94.9 91.4 94.7 93.7 89.9 92.6 91.6 91.3 90.9 90.9 91.3
Electric light and power,
and ^manufactured gas... 99.6 102.6 104.0 105.3 103.8 102.4 98.9 98.5 98.6 97.6 97.4 98.6 98.3 98.9
Electric-railroad and motorbus operation and
70.6 73.1 71.6 71.4 71.8 71.9 70.6 70.2 69.9 70.0 71.2 69.7 69.0 69.5
maintenance 5
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
General merchandising
Other than general
merchandising
76.6 79.0 78.3 79.3 78.3 77.8 75.4 75.3 74.7 74. 6 75.1 73.8 73.6 73.7
73.1 72.3 74.4 75.9 75.3 80.6 70.1 68.4 68.6 72.2 70.0 69. 5 68.1 66.8
92.5 85.7 92.4 96.2 97.1 123.3 84.6 81.5 82.2 89.4 84.4 84.3 80.4 78.8
Year-round hotels
Laundries
Dyeing and cleaning
80.6 80.5 82.4 84.1 84.3 82.6 81.6 83.6 80.9 80.5 80.5 79.6 77.4 77.4
83.0 88.0 86.4 83.4 81.1 81.1 80.1 79.1 78.6 80.6 80.9 81.8 83.0 83.1
77.6 81.3 85.7 83.6 73.7 68.6 65.5 65.2 68.2 87.2 80.7 83.3 77.5 74.3
69.1 69.5 70.7 71.7 70.8 71.8 67.1 65.7 65.8 68.6 67.0 66.4 65.6 64.3
5
Not including electric-railroad car building and repairing. See transportation equipment and railroad repair-shop groups, manufacturing industries, table 3.
TREND OF INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT, BY STATES
A comparison of employment and pay rolls, by States and geographic divisions, in July and August 1938, is shown in table 7 for all
groups combined, and for all manufacturing industries combined,
based on data supplied by reporting establishments. The percentage
changes shown, unless otherwise noted, are unweighted—that is, the
industries included in the manufacturing group and in the grand
total have not been weighted accojding to their relative importance.
The totals for all manufacturing industries combined include figures
for miscellaneous manufacturing industries in addition to the 87
manufacturing industries presented in table 3. The totals for all
groups combined include all manufacturing industries, each of the nonmanufacturing industries presented in table 3 (except building construction), and seasonal hotels.
25
TABLE 7.—Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments in
July and August 1938, by Geographic Divisions and by States
[Figures in italics are not compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued
by cooperating State organizations]
Total—all groups
Manufacturing
PerGeographic division Num- Number cent- Amount
ber of on pay
age of pay roll
and State
estabroll
change (1 week)
lish- August from
August
ments
July
1938
1938
1938
Percentage
change
from
July
1938
PerNum- Number cent- Amount
age of pay roll
ber of on pay
roll
estabchange (1 week)
lish- August from
August
1938
ments
1938
July
1938
Dollars
New England
13,815
Maine
867
New
Hamp681
shire
495
Vermont..
Massachusetts.
Rhode Island._ 1,213
Connecticut
2,470
Dollar,
+4. 8 18,l, 449,039
+4.6 1,111,450
+7.4 855,911
+4.0 370,247
+5. 5 10,227,987
—. 1 1,643,533
+4.8 4,239, 911
+5.9
+5.6
+1. 9 49, 585,791
+2. 2 24, 397,177
+3.3 303,250
+1."0 16, 885,364
1, 808, 778 + 1. 146,1,146, 762
501,245 +2.2 12, 366,748
+3.9 5,210,984
\ 769,895
535,327 +1.7 13,
33, 672
10, 054
256,151
61, 977
149, 661
+7. 8 11,., 750, 947
+6.2 856, 345
+9.1 670, 838
+7.1 210,217
+10.8 5, 565,147
+.5 1,190, 782
+6.4 3, 257, 618
+ 10.3
+7.5
+11.0
+8.9
+13.0
+1.3
+10.1
401, 738
+5. 8 10,635, 632
+7.8
3,627
303
557, 580
46,065
212
+8.8
152
+4.
+6.1 1,799
415
+.4
746
+7.3
32, 308 1,, 940, 254
Middle Atlantic
20, 288 884, 814
New York
4,066 331, 790
New Jersey
Pennsylvania. . 7,954 723, 650
+4.3
+3.0
+3.6
+6.5
2,314
9,878, 917
East North Central. _ 25, 619
7,526
Ohio
Indiana
Illinois
4,101
Michigan
Wisconsin
'4,419
+4.9
+7.5
+7.1
+3.7
+4.0
+1.7
8, 643 1L, 285, 601 +1.0
2,531 3 6 2 , 8 1 7 +3.0
1,068 172,813
+5.1
2.444 355,077 +2.8
1,045 238, '"'
-4.
1, 555 156, 822 i -5.8
52, 7 0 1 , 1 0 7
West North Central _ 12, 691
8 2, 737
Minnesota
2,084
Iowa
2,993
Missouri
625
NorthDakota—
472
South Dakota1,
Nebraska
Kansas
South Atlantic
11,441
Delaware
257
Maryland
1,608
District of Co1,142
lumbia
2,150
Virginia
West Virginia. _ 1,271
1,620
North Carolina
760
South Carolina1,521
Georgia
1,112
Florida
Hast South Central..
Kentucky
Tennessee
Alabama
Mississippi
4,663
1,424
1,471
1,155
613
West South Central- 5,939
Arkansas
11,115
Louisiana
1,080
Oklahoma
1,453
Texas
2,291
822, 921
57,461
42, 341
17, 207
440,815
79, 720
185, 377
320,086
229,407
9,231,531
5,567,604
443, 912 + 1.5 10, 772, 817 +2.2 2,628
620
+2.8
123,285
3,208,332
425
63,111 +3^3 1, 476,952 +5.9
863
161,075 +1.6 3, 823,651 +1. "
52
5,483 +1.8
133, 952 +2.2
36
8,109
209,334
-.1
157
655,249
28, 819 1 +.1
+.5
475
54,030 -8.0 1,265,347 4 -1.3
+5.2 2,994
809, 254 +3. 0 15,
>, 4 1 9 , 9 0 4
85
15, 473 +9.4 323,265 +3.2
+2.8
647
2,900,
+3.3
+4.3
+6.4
+3.0
+.7
+.1
+2.0
-.6
543, 961 +4.4
11,309 +13.5
86, 617 4 +2.1
3,140 -1.4
74,012 +4.2
48, 780 +10.8
156,222 +4.5
58, 891 +1.9
84,000 +4.4
20,990 +4.8
212,088
49,401
34, 975
89, 508
692
2,417
10, Oil
25,084
+5.8
+10.3
+9.1
+5.3
+1.4
3, 759, 733
* -1.3
5,114,537 +4.5
1,253,C" +5.0
843, 023 +10.4
2, 045,082 +4.1
18,835
+.1
57, 939 -6.3
245, 657 +1.6
650,340 +.1
9,473, 620 +7.6
230,427 +4-1
1,949, i '
t+5.5
105, 526 -1.2
1, 403,802 +7.0
1,129, 539 +17.1
2,342, 067 +9.4
819, 759 +5.4
1,151, 661 +4.3
341, 277 +4.6
8, 925, 249
4,094,644
1935,365
' '~1116
965, 049
36,086 -2.3
109,916 +3.1 2,113,970
133, 575 +3.9 3,125, 868
172, 663 +5.3 2, 607,622
+1.8 960, 725
109, 673 +3.3 1, 681, 412
741,344
40, 319 +1.8
-1.
+6.1
+9.0
+8.
+4.3
+2.9
+1.5
472
266
678
207
396
204
279, 850
79, 355
99, 205
82, 323
18, 967
+8.4
+8.9
+9.7
+7.5
+2.6
1,067
284
380
302
101
167, 839
31,075
70, 995
53,804
11, 965
+3.8
+1.2
+1.1
1,383
306
244
149
109,434
+ 2, 379, 871
18, 775 +2.3
310,134
30,144 +1.3
579, 603
11, 702 - . 2
275,977
48, 813 +.1 1,214,157
+3.9
+1.
+5.4
+4.7
+1.0
5,
1,
1,
1,
098,492
615, 202
772, 955
416, 024
294, 311
226, 772 +.7 5,116,519
30, 839 +2.3 542,720
55, 331 +1.7 1,109,196
43, 776 -.4 1, 089, 660
See footnotes at end of table.
-1.7
-1.
+.12,374,
943
Percentage
change
from
July
1938
()
+5.4 2, 874, 530 +9.5
+4.1 596, 294 +7.7
+6.8 1, 245, 398 +12.9
+5.3 863,365 +6.9
+1.9 169, 473 +6.0
+1.4
+3.5
+2.3
+2.1
+4
26
TABLE 7.—Comparison of Employment
and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
in
July and August 1938, by Geographic Divisions and by States—Continued
Total—all groups
PerGeographic division Num- Number cent- Amount
age of pay roll
and State
ber of on pay
roll
change (1 week)
establish- August from
August
1938
July
ments
1938
1938
Dollars
Mountain
Montana
Idaho
Wyoming
Colorado
New Mexico_._
Arizona
Utah
Nevada
Pacific
Washington
Oregon
California
4,381
645
545
341
1,315
293
452
613
177
124,185
14, 610
10, 703
8,853
43, 294
6,807
13, 270
23, 452
3,196
10,490
2,876
1,417
13 6,197
466,520
90,159
51,112
325,:
+1.9 3,083,92
+4.5 424, 273
-2.4 273, 274
+2.2 244, 634
+1.1 1,036, 639
083
+.4 144, 720
+.3 357,
508,
798
+5.2
94, 504
+.9
+5.1 13,043, 508
+.2 2,392,114
+4.9 1,344, 444
+6.5 9, 306,950
Manufacturing
Percentage
change
from
July
1938
PerPerNum- Number cent- Amount centber of on pay
age of pay roll age
estabchange (1 week) change
roll
lish- August from
August
from
ments
July
1938
July
1938
1938
+6.7
+11.0
+1.2
+9.9
+3.5
+4.0
+11.6
+9.3
+6.0
582
78
63
42
200
31
43
108
17
+7.0
+8.1
+11.0
+6.
2,639
551
302
1,786
38,953 +0.3
4,548 +8.0
3,587 - 7 . 1
1,836 +5.7
14, 581 +1.7
1,018 - 4 . 4
2,900 +10.1
9,783 - 5 . 2
+.9
700
Dollars
944,832
122, 555
93,463
59,046
369, 238
18, 754
72,932
189, 284
19, 560
+4.6
+20.9
-2.4
+8.5
+4.6
-1.3
+18.3
-5.4
+6.8
+14.2
+15.5
+21.1
250,405 +10.2 6,654, 948
+.9 1,271, 702
48, 607
783, 590
30, 072 +8.1
171,726 +18.5 4,599,656 +12.7
1 Includes banks and trust companies, construction, municipal, agricultural, and office employment,
amusement
and recreation, professional services, and trucking and handling.
2
Includes laundering and cleaning, and water, light and power.
3
Includes laundries.
4
Weighted percentage change.
8 Includes automobile and miscellaneous services, restaurants, and building and contracting.
6
Includes construction but not public works.
i8 Does not include logging.
Includes banks, real estate, pipe-line transportation, trucking and transfer, railroads (other than repair
shops), motor transportation (other than operation and maintenance), water transportation, hospitals
(clinics),
personal, business, mechanical repair, and miscellaneous services, and building construction.
9
Includes financial institutions, miscellaneous services, and restaurants.
i°
Weighted
percentage change including hired farm labor.
11
Includes automobile dealers and garages, and sand, gravel and building stone.
12
Less
than
Mo of 1 percent.
13
Includes banks, insurance, and office employment.
INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT IN PRINCIPAL METROPOLITAN AREAS
A comparison of employment and pay rolls in July and August
1938 is made in table 8 for 13 metropolitan areas which had a population of 500,000 or over in 1930. Cities within these areas, but having a population of 100,000 or over, are not included, as data concerning them are tabulated separately and are available on request.
Footnotes to the table indicate which cities are excluded. The
figures represent reports from cooperating establishments and cover
both full- and part-time workers in the manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries presented in table 3 with the exception of
building construction, and include also miscellaneous industries.
27
TABLE 8.—Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments in
July and August 1938, by Principal Metropolitan Areas
Metropolitan area
New York
i___.
Chicago 2
Philadelphia 3_.
Detroit
Los Angeles 4__.
Number of Number on Percentage
change
establishpay roll,
from
ments
August
July
Amount of
pay roll
(1 week)
August
Percentage
change
from
July
$15,408, 800
11, 289,913
4,895,106
5, 775,403
4, 239, 781
+3.0
+2.5
+2.3
+3.4
+.4
+2.2
+1.2
+1.2
+2.8
+1.4
2, 836, 351
2,909,611
2, 208,140
2,822,142
3,845,406
+6.6
+2.5
+2.9
+2.9
+10.1
+2.1
2, 502,010
1, 776, 304
2,411,900
+5.0
+4.5
+1.9
14, 414
4,527
2,091
1,769
3,003
572, 538
411,901
182, 834
179,140
146, 261
+2.9
+.7
+1.7
-1.7
+. 1
Cleveland
St. Louis
Baltimore
Boston 8
Pittsburgh
1,753
1,547
1,186
1,578
1,144
11, 805
119, 305
95, 540
103, 619
156, 248
San Francisco fl.
Buffalo
Milwaukee
1,712
875
1,168
83,865
64,035
90, 756
+.7
-1.3
1 Does not include Elizabeth, Jersey City, Newark, or Paterson, N. J., nor Yonkers, N. Y.
2 Does not include Gary, Ind.
3 Does not include Camden, N. J.
*fi Does not include Long Beach, Calif.
Figures relate to city of Boston only.
6
Does not include Oakland, Calif.
Public Employment
Employment created by the Federal Government includes employment in the regular agencies of the Government, employment on the
various construction programs wholly or partially financed by Federal funds, and employment on relief-work projects.
EXECUTIVE SERVICE OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
Statistics of employment and pay rolls for the executive service of
the Federal Government in July and August 1938 are given in table 9.
28
TABLE 9.—Employment and Pay Rolls for the Executive Service of the U. S. Government,
July and August 1938 1
[Subject to revision]
Employment
August
July 2
Percentage
change
871,815
867,160
724, 608
65,285
730, 752
61,120
81,922
Item
Entire service:
Total
Regular appropriation.. •
Emergency appropriation
...
Force-account (regular and emergency)
Inside the District of Columbia:
Total
_
Regular appropriation._
Emergency appropriation...
Force-account (regular and emergency)
._
Percentage
change
August
July 2
+0.5
$132, 085,363
$128,184,159
+3.0
-.8
+6.8
113,420, 335
8, 776,283
111,611,826
8,157,811
75, 288
+8.8
9,888, 745
8,414, 522
+1.6
+7.6
+17.5
116,963
116,812
+.1
20, 935,168
20,388, 232
+2.7
100, 279
12,188
100,175
11,980
+.1
+1.7
18, 260,106
1,902,096
17, 874,909
1, 816,907
+2.2
+4.7
4,496
4,657
-3.5
772,966
696, 416
+11.0
754, 852
750,348
+.6
111, 150,195
107,795,927
+3.1
624,329
53,097
630,577
49,140
95,160,229
6, 874,187
93, 736, 917
6, 340,904
+1.5
+8.4
77,426
70, 631
-1.0
+8.1
+9.6
9,115, 779
7, 718,106
+18.1
Regular appropriation..
_
Emergency appropriation..
Force-account (regular and emergency)
Outside the District of Columbia:
Total
Pay rolls
1 Data include number of employees receiving pay during the last pay period of the month.
Revised.
2
CONSTRUCTION
PROJECTS
FINANCED
BY
THE
PUBLIC
WORKS
ADMINISTRATION
Details concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
during August on construction projects financed by Public Works
Administration funds are given in table 10, by type of project.
29
TABLE 10.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed From Public Works Administration Funds, August 1938 l
[Subject to revision]
Wage earners
Maximum
number
employed 2
Type of project
Weekly
average
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Number of
man-hours
worked
during
month
Average
earnings
per
hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
Federal projects financed from National Industrial Recovery Act funds
All projects
Building construction
Naval vessels
Public roads * _
Reclamation
_
River, harbor, and flood control..
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
__
3 9, 742
9,026
$767,466
1,063, 341
$0. 722
$675,431
1,082
232
853
207
5,528
1,530
772
123
13
113,803
30,224
341, 482
204, 862
57, 526
17, 290
2,279
98, 448
34, 362
571, 712
250,007
90,895
15, 702
2,215
1.156
.880
.597
.819
.633
1.101
1.029
111, 530
121, 241
320,000
42,944
76,884
2,832
0
1,739
1,015
133
13
Federal projects financed from Public Works Administration
Act, 1938 funds
All projects
Building construction
Water and sewerage
Professional, technical, and clericalMiscellaneous
2,767
2,300
1,607
7
624
529
1,270
7
589
434
$193,078
114, 020
632
38,024
40, 402
254, 339
$0. 759
$392, 262
144,332
838
53,087
56, 082
.790
.754
.716
.720
337, 292
1,955
10, 214
42,801
Non-Federal projects financed from National Industrial
Recovery Act funds
All projects 6
Building construction »
Railroad construction
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
8,186
3,639
32
657
2,626
1,232
7,038
$941, 754
806, 492
3,247
21
555
2,188
1,027
544, 616
310
41,192
264,826
90,810
375,979
626
56,014
240,192
133, 681
$1.168
1.449
.495
.735
1.103
.679
$1, 592, 540
519,383
0
112,871
695,846
264,440
Non-Federal projects financed from Emergency Relief
Appropriation Act, 1935, 1936, and 1937 funds 7
All projects 8
_
Building construction 8
Electrification..
Heavy engineering
Reclamation
River, harbor, and flood control-.
Streets and roads _ _ _
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous .
87, 543
73,148
58,138
1,047
5,615
871
424
9,935
11, 393
120
48, 448
878
4,666
767
385
8,184
9,713
107
$7, 327, 300
5,135, 083
82, 335
524, 206
88,981
36, 449
512,190
938,981
9,075
8,663,102
5, 598, 664
115,038
626, 303
110,653
58, 473
961,011
1,177, 319
15, 641
$0. 846
.917
.716
.837
.804
.623
.533
.798
.580
$13,043, 243
8,952,639
547, 280
1,186,118
114,999
29,457
834,108
1,222, 516
156,126
Non-Federal projects financed from Public Works
Administration Act, 1938 funds
All projects
Building construction
Heavy engineering.__
Streets and roads. _
Water and sewerage
_.
688
589
$32, 461
54,149
351
4
220
113
304
4
190
91
15, 752
180
11, 722
4,807
17, 624
200
30, 307
6,018
$0. 599
.894
.900
.387
.799
$44, 770
9,939
0
29, 959
4,872
1
Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency
doing force-account work.
3
Includes weekly average for public roads.
4
Under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Public Roads.
5 Not available; weekly average included in total for all projects.
• Includes data for workers engaged in construction of underground tunnel who, because of the additional
risk involved, were paid at rates higher than those usually paid for building construction.
7 These data are also included in separate tables covering projects financed by The Works Program.
s Includes a maximum of 1,607 and an average of 1,368 employees working on low-cost housing projects
financed from E. R. A. A. 1935fundswho were paid $170,739 for 173,559 man-hours of labor. Material orders
in the amount of $91,225 were placed for these projects. These data are also included in separate tables
covering projects financed from The Works Program.
30
Construction projects financed by the Public Works Administration
are those projects authorized by title II of the National Industrial
Recovery Act of June 16, 1933. This program of public works was
extended to June 30, 1937, by the Emergency Relief Appropriation
Act of 1935 and title II of the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of
1936. The First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, cited as the
Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1936, reappropriated unobligated funds originally made available under the Emergency Relief
Appropriation Act of 1935 and authorized the use of $300,000,000
from funds on hand or received from the sale of securities. The
Public Works Administration Vas continued until July 1, 1939, by the
Public Works Administration Extension Act of 1937, and the Public
Works Administration Appropriation Act of 1938 further continued
the program to June 30, 1941.
Federal construction projects for which data are included in table 10
are financed by allotments made by the Public Works Administration
to the various agencies and departments of the Federal Government
from funds provided under the National Industrial Recovery Act.
The major portion of the low-cost housing program now under way,
however, is financed by funds provided under the Emergency Relief
Appropriation Act of 1935. Federal construction projects are also
financed by allotments from funds provided under the Public Works
Administration Appropriation Act of 1938. The work is performed
either by commercial firms which have been awarded contracts, or
by day labor hired directly by the Federal agencies.
Non-Federal projects are financed by allotments made by the Public
Works Administration from funds available under either the National
Industrial Recovery Act, the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act
of 1935, the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, the Public
Works Administration Extension Act of 1937, or the Public Works
Administration Appropriation Act of 1938. Most of the allotments
have been made to the States and their political subdivisions, but
occasionally allotments have been made to commercial firms. In
financing projects for the States or their political subdivisions from
funds appropriated under the National Industrial Recovery Act, the
Public Works Administration makes a direct grant of not more than
30 percent of the total labor and material cost. When funds provided
under the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935, the First
Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, the Public Works Administration Extension Act of 1937, or the Public Works Administration
Appropriation Act of 1938 are used to finance a non-Federal project
as much as 45 percent of the total cost may be furnished in the form
of a grant. The remaining 55 percent or more of the cost is financed
by the recipient. When circumstances justify such action, the Public
Works Administration may provide the grantee with the additional
31
funds by means of a loan. Allotments to commercial enterprises are
made only as loans. All loans made by the Public Works Administration carry interest charges and have a definite date of maturity.
Collateral posted with the Public Works Administration to secure
loans may be offered for sale to the public. In this way a revolving
fund is provided which enlarges the scope of the activities of the Public
Works Administration.
Commercial loans have been made, for the most part, to railroads.
Railroad work financed by loans made by the Public Works Administration falls under three headings: First, construction work in the
form of electrification, the laying of rails and ties, repairs to buildings,
bridges, etc.; second, the building and repairing of locomotives and
passenger and freight cars in shops operated by the railroads; and
third, locomotive and passenger- and freight-car building in commercial shops.
THE WORKS PROGRAM
By authority of Public Resolution No. 11, Seventy-fourth Congress,
approved April 8, 1935, the President, in a series of Executive orders,
inaugurated a broad program of work to be carried out by 61 units of
the Federal Government. The Works Program was continued by
title II of the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, cited as the
Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1936, and was further continued by the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1937. The
Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1938 extended this program
to June 30, 1939. Employment created by this program includes
employment on Federal projects and employment on projects operated
by the Works Progress Administration. Federal projects are those
conducted by Federal agencies which have received allotments from
The Works Program fund. Projects operated by the Works Progress
Administration are those projects conducted under the supervision of
the Works Progress Administration with the cooperation of States,
cities, or counties.
A record of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
projects financed by The Works Program in August is shown in table
11, by type of project.
32
TABLE 11.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by The Works Program,
August 1938 1
[Subject to revision]
Value of
Number of Aver- material
Monthly man-hours
age
orders
dis- worked
earnplaced
Maximum Weekly pay-roll
during ings per during
number average bursements
month
hour
month
employed
Wage earners
Type of project
Federal projects
All projects
$5, 793, 779
12, 093, 231
479
$1, 649, 359
Building construction
Electrification
Forestry 3
Grade-crossing elimination *
Hydroelectric power plants 5
40, 760
305
10,481
4,442
2,419
36, 860
245
8,757
3,590
2,022
1,933, 873
16,397
456, 352
260, 273
76, 390
3, 729, 767
41, 504
1, 007,148
411,159
274, 700
.518
.395
.453
.633
.278
454, 424
49,102
33, 218
295,025
18,426
Plant, crop, and livestock conservation :
Professional, technical, and clerical
Public roads *
Reclamation
River, harbor, and flood control
16, 064
3,973
2,609
30, 217
2,242
14, 896
3,875
2,092
28, 675
1,926
836, 610
233, 687
143,949
1, 633,890
139, 561
2,007, 257
382,184
243, 772
3, 461,766
239,189
.417
.611
.591
.472
.583
69, 851
15, 214
135, 962
415, 029
93,10&
2,362
636
949
2,068
592
697
48, 609
9,363
4,825
202, 236
42,284
50, 265
.240
.221
.096
50, 46510, 551
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous e
117, 459 106, 295
P. W. A. projects financed from Emergency Relief AppropriationAct funds of 1935, 1936, and 1937 ?
All projects
87, 543
73,148
$7, 327, 300
8, 6P3,102
Buil ding construction
Electrification
Heavy engineering
Reclamation
River, harbor, and flood control
58,138
1,047
5,615
871
424
48, 448
878
4,666
767
385
5,135,083
82,335
524, 206
88, 981
36, 449
5, 598, 664
115,038
626, 303
110, 653
58,473
.917
.716
.837
.804
.623
8, 952, 639
547, 280
1,186,118
114, 999
29,457
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
9,935
11, 393
120
8,184
9,713
107
512,190
938, 981
9,075
961,011
1,177, 319
15,641
.533
.798
.580
834,108
1, 222, 516
156,12&
$0. 846 $13,043, 243
Projects operated by Works Progress Administration
All projects
93,063,758
$162,381,189 322,210,535
$0,504
s
(10)
1
2
Unless otherwise noted data are for the month ending on the 15th.
Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work.
3 The data for the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, under plant, crop, and livestock conservation, and the Bureau of Forest Service, under forestry, are for a calendar month.
* These data are for projects under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Public Roads.
s These data are projects under construction in Puerto Rico.
6 Includes employees working on sewing projects in Puerto Rico, on which projects the rate per hour
is 7very low.
Includes data for 85,936 employees working on non-Federal projects and 1,607 employees working on lowcost housing projects. These data are included in separate tables covering projects under the jurisdiction
of 8the Public Works Administration.
Data are for the calendar month. Not available by type of project.
9 Represents number of names on pay roll for week ending August 27, 1938.
w Data on a monthly basis are not available.
Table 12 shows the employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
on work projects of the National Youth Administration from the
beginning of the program in January 1936 to August 1938, inclusive.
Similar data for Student Aid are shown from September 1935, the
starting date, to August 1938, inclusive.
33
TABLE 12.—Employment and Pay Rolls, National Youth Administration Projects
Financed by The Works Program, From Beginning of Program Through August
1938 1
[Subject to revision]
Number
of persons employed
Year and month
Pay-roll
disbursements
Number of
man-hours
worked
Value of
material
orders
Average
earnings
per hour
Work projects
January 1936 to August 1938, inclusive..
$86,192, 640
January to December 1936..
January to December 1937..
January 1938
February 1938
March 1938
144, 797
151, 406
154, 567
April 1938. _J
May 1938....
June 1938
July 1938 _.._
August 1938.
158, 082
172,134
202; 184
213,972
221,307
231, 653, 713
$0. 372
589
360
914
226
797
75,827, 799
87, 092, 351
7, 288, 377
7, 610, 360
.381
.374
.370
.366
.362
2, 760, 533
2, 967,134
3, 437, 299
3, 685,148
3,888, 640
7, 673,809
8, 286, 913
9, 519,163
10,332, 962
11,125,311
.360
.358
.361
.357
.350
28,883,
32, 601,
2, 549,
2, 667,
2, 751,
1
$7,316,288
S t u d e n t Aid
September 1935 to August 1938, inclusive.
S e p t e m b e r t o D e c e m b e r 1935_
J a n u a r y t o D e c e m b e r 1936
J a n u a r y t o D e c e m b e r 1937
J a n u a r y 1938
F e b r u a r y 1938
M a r c h 1938. _
April 1 9 3 8 . . .
M a y 1938.—
J u n e 1938
J u l y 1938 4_._
A u g u s t 1938 *
307, 544
319, 707
328,
333,
326,
217,
037
902
644
447
$69, 011,180
231,812, 693
iO. 298
6, 363, 503
25,888, 559
24,188, 039
2, 001, 786
2,162, 506
19, 612,976
85,424,616
83, 028,847
6, 980, 595
7, 584, 382
.324
.303
.291
.287
.285
2,
2,
2,
1,
217,
256,
393,
538,
742
566
532
947
7, 781,
7, 920,
8, 355,
5,123,
022
942
521
792
.285
.285
.286
.300
1
2
Data are for a calendar month.
Data on a monthly basis are not available. This total represents expenditures through March 31,
1938,
and includes rentals and services and some sponsors' contributions.
3
No expenditures for materials on this type of project.
4
Student Aid program was not active.
CIVIL CONSERVATION CORPS
The Civilian Conservation Corps was created by an act of Congress
approved June 28, 1937, and succeeded the Emergency Conservation
Work which had been created in April 1933.
Employment and pay-roll data for the Civilian Conservation Corps
are collected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics from the War Department, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Commerce,
and the Department of the Interior. The monthly pay of the enrolled personnel is $30 per month. Assistant leaders, not to exceed
10 percent of the total number of enrollees, may receive up to $36 per
month, and leaders, not to exceed 6 percent, may receive up to $45
per month.
Employment and pay rolls in the Civilian Conservation Corps in
July and August 1938 are presented in table 13.
34
TABLE 13.—Employment and Pay Rolls in the Civilian Conservation Corps, July and
August 1938 1
[Subject to revision]
Number of employees
Amount of pay rolls
Group
August
All groups
_-
Enrolled personnel 2 __.
Reserve officers
Nurses 3
Educational advisers3.—
Supervisory and technical 3
August
July
July
334,257
316, 227
$14,945,948
$14, 266,482
296, 222
5,105
278
1,570
31, 082
278, 086
5, 085
265
1,568
31, 223
9, 249,228
1,317,846
29. 009
259, 976
4, 089,889
8, 649, 379
1,291, 222
28, 072
264,169
4, 033,640
1 Data on number of employees refer to employment on last day of month. Amount of pay rolls are for
the entire month.
2 August data include 3,771 enrollees and pay roll of $87,718 outside continental United States; in July
the corresponding figures were 3,921 enrollees and $88,636.
3 Included in executive service, table 9.
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS FINANCED BY RECONSTRUCTION FINANCE
CORPORATION
Statistics of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation in August are presented in table 14, by type of project.
TABLE 14.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by the Reconstruction
Finance Corporation, by Type of Project, August 1938 1
[Subject to revision]
Value of
material
orders
placed
durin
ring
month
Maximum
number
of wage
earners *
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Number of
man-hours
worked
during
month
All projects
2,959
$424,674
475,935
$0.892
$392, 789
Building construction
Water and sewerage _.
Miscellaneous
319
2,532
108
24,334
394, 017
6,323
26,924
437, 614
11,397
.904
.900
.555
56, 944
335,845
Type of project
Average
earnings
per hour
1
Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor.
3 Includes 197 employees; pay-roll disbursements of $13,101; 10,477 man-hours worked; and material orders
placed of $41,058 on projects financed by the RFC Mortgage Co.
35
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS FINANCED FROM REGULAR FEDERAL
APPROPRIATIONS
When a construction contract is awarded or force-account work is
started by a department or agency of the Federal Government, the
Bureau of Labor Statistics is immediately notified, on forms supplied
by the Bureau, of the name and address of the contractor, the amount
of the contract, and the type of work to be performed. Blanks are
then mailed by the Bureau to the contractor or Government agency
doing the work. These reports are returned to the Bureau and show
the number of men on pay rolls, the amounts disbursed for pay,
the number of man-hours worked on the project, and the value of the
different types of materials for which orders were placed during the
month.
Data concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
construction projects financed from regular Federal appropriations
during August are given in table 15, by type of project.
TABLE 15.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Construction Projects Financed From Reg'
ular Federal Appropriations, by Type of Project, August 1938 *
[Subject to revision]
Number of wage
earners
Type of project
All projects
Building construction
Electrification:
Rural Electrification Administration projects 4
Other than Rural Electrification Administration projects
Forestry
Heavy engineering
Public roads 8
Reclamation
River, harbor, and flood control:
Dredging, dikes, revetments,
etc
Locks and dams_._
_..
Ship construction:
Naval vessels
Other than naval vessels
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
Maximum 2 Weekly
number
employed average
3 252,599
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Number of
Value of
man-hours Average material
worked
earnings
orders
during
per hour placed durmonth
ing month
238,950 $24, 478,120
34, 219, 034
13, 601
1,498, 717
1, 540, 624
5,168
387, 547
705, 282
.549
2,088, 721
17,057
143
70
53
107,624
16, 238
12, 775
5,618
5, 737
8,308,687
2,102, 870
16,117
11, 551
6,554
13,880,940
2,491, 669
.793
.486
.875
.604
.844
10,162
1,682
16, 725
13,847,812
2, 748,144
42, 854
11, 567
36,963
10, 865
a, 973,887
1, 236,866
5, 930,368
1,753,336
.670
. 7 05
3, 433,027
1, 577, 491
43,295
2,040
3,383
239
1, 314
41,977
1,844
3,049
202
1,153
6, 476, 063
187,177
192,139
13, 221
76,816
7,153, 622
230, 269
351, 769
20, 365
126, 568
.905
.813
.546
.649
.607
5, 742,857
997, 521
492,479
31, 230
84,839
16, 590
217
76
57
(e)
1.715
$33, 856,178
2, 783,488
i Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
J Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor, and Government
agency doing force-account work.
3 Includes weekly average for public-roads projects.
* Financed by Rural Electrification Administration loans.
« Under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Public Roads.
• Not available, weekly average included in total for all projects.
36
STATE-ROADS PROJECTS
A record of employment and pay-roll disbursements in the construction and maintenance of roads financed wholly from State or
local funds in August 1938, compared with July 1938, and August
1937, is presented in table 16.
TABLE 16.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Construction and Maintenance of State
Roads, August 1938, July 1938, and August 1937 1
[Subject to revision]
Number of employees 2
Item
August
1938
July
1938
August
1937
Pay-roll disbursements
August
1938
July
1938
Total
196,790
199, 500
188, 522 $13,482,990 $12,982,940
New roads
Maintenance
26, 649
170,141
30, 594
168,906
28, 379
160,143
1
1, 970, 730
11, 512, 260
1,940,490
11,042, 450
August
1937
$12,815, 790
1, 981, 590
10, 834, 200
Data are for the month ending on the 15th and are for projectsfinancedwholly from State or local funds.
* Average number working during month.
O
@FedFRASER