Full text of Employment and Earnings : May 1957
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Employment and Earnings M AY 1957_______________________________________ Vol. 3 No. 11 DIVISION OF M A N P O W E R A N D EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS Seymour L. W o i f b e i n , Chief CONTENTS WEST COAST EMPLOYMENT SHOWS SPECTACULAR RISE SINCE 1949... Nonfarm employment Region has expanded the past 7 years. remarkable in, the Pacific 35 percent in Details of this growth &r© discussed in an article beginning on page ill® 5 FECIAL CHARTS ON THE AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY... A series of charts of employment, showing trends hours, and earnings in aircraft and parts manufacturing S»ag© E m p l o y m e n t T r e n d s o n the Pacific Coast, 1949 to 1956 ...... C h a rts The Aircraft and Barts Industry, Annual Average 1947-56. ....... Employment S u s E o a r y * v i i Table Is Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division and selected groups....... ....... Table 2* Production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group, .... ............ Table 3 s Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group........... . Table 4 s Gross average weekly hours and average overtime hours of production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group........................ *............... Table 5 : Index of employees in nonagricultxiral establishments, by industry division.................................. Table 6 s Index of production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group........................ . Table 7 s Employees in nonagri cultural establishments, by industry division, seasonally adjusted..... . Table 8 ; Production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group, seasonally adjusted............... DETAILED A-Employment vii Trends appears on page vii* For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Print ing Office, Washington 25, D. C. Subscription price: $3.50 a year; $1 additional for foreign mailing. Single copies vary in price. This issue is 40 cents. ill and 1 ix x xi xii xiii xiii xiv xiv S TA T I S T I C S Payrolls Table A-i : Employees in nonagri cultural establishments, by Industry division............................. ...... Table à - 2 ï All employees and production workers in nonagricultural establishments, by industry.............. Table A-3: Indexes of production-worker employment and weekly payrolls in manufacturing.......................... Table A«4* Employees in Government and private shipyards, by region..... .................... ................. Table A~5t Government civilian employment and Federal military personnel....................... ..................... Table A- 6 : Employees in nonagri cultural establishments, by industry division and State........................ Table A-7: Employees in nonagrlcultural establishments for selected areas, by industry division............... Table A -8 ; Women employees in manufacturing industries........ Continued next page 1 2 7 8 9 10 13 23 Employment and Earnings CONTENTS B-Labor - Continued Page Turnover Table B-l: Monthly labor turnover rates in manufacturing, by class of turnover.................................. Table B-2 : Monthly labor turnover rates in selected industries Table B-3: Monthly labor turnover rates of men and woman in selected manufacturing industry groups........... C-Hours and 27 28 31 E a r n in gs Table C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees....................... Table C-2: Gross average weekly earnings of production workers in selected industries, in current and 194-7-49 dollars............................................ Table C-3: Average weekly earnings, gross and net spendable, of production workers in manufacturing, in current and 1947^49 dollars................................ Table C-4 ï Average hourly earnings, gross and excluding overtime, and average weekly hours of production workers in manufacturing......................... . Table C-5 : Indexes of aggregate weekly man-hours in industrial and construction activity......................... Table C- 6 î Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing industries for selected States and areas.......................................... 32 41 41 42 43 45 fTTOË«— March l$j>7 data are preliminary.| EXPLANATORY NOTES INTRODUCTION.....................................................1-E ESTABLISHMENT REPORTS: Collection....................................................1-E Industrial Classification................................... .1-E Coverage..................................................... .1 -E DEFINITIONS AND ESTIMATING MSTHODS î Employment....................................................2 -E Labor Turnover................................................3-E Hours and Earnings.......................................... .4-E STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS.................................5-E SUMMARY OF METHODS FOR COMPUTING NATIONAL STATISTICS......... .6-E GLOSSARY........................................................ .7-E ********** REGIONAL (FFICES AND COOPERATING STATE AGENCIES.... Inside back cover ********** The national employnent figures shown in this report have been adjusted to first quarter 1955 benchmark levels. EMPLOYMENT TRENDS ON THE PACIFIC COAST, * Elmore N. Nelson Nonagricultural employment in the Pacific Region (Washington, Oregon, and California) expanded at a rate nearly twice as fast as that of the United States as a whole from 1949 to 1956. 1 In 1949, employment in the region averaged nearly 4.2 million for the year; 7 years later, employment had increased by 1.5 million, or 35 percent, compared with A glance at civilian labor force trends in the region over the same 1949-56 period reveals that the percentage gains in nonagri cultural employment exceeded the 21-percent growth in the civilian labor force.2 This suggests that an increasing part of the labor force went into nonagricultural employment, rather than farmwork. T a b l e 1. N o n a g r i c u l t u r a l e m p l o y m e n t and p e r c e n t increase, U n i t e d S t a t e s and P a c i f i c Coast S tates A n n u a l averages, Employment (in tho u sands) A re a Pa c i f i c R e g i o n ...... O r e g o n .............. W a s h i n g t o n ......... 1949 1956 43,315.0 4,164.6 3,088.1 416 . 6 659. 9 51,490.0 5,612.6 4,348.0 492.8 77 1 . 8 Percent i ncrease 18.9 34.8 40.8 18. 3 17.0 Most Rapid Growth in Los Angeles the Nation* s 19-percent employment increase (table 1). The year 1949 was selected as a base period for comparison because it is the first year for which employment data for major metropolitan areas on the Pacific Coast were uniformly available. The employment growth of the Pacific Re gion was mainly in California, much of it No attempt is made here to trace interim trends over the period 1949-56, except to note that the region's employment growth was fairly steady but not at a uniform rate. Even before the outbreak of Korean hostilities in mid-1950, employment began a rise that con tinued for 3 years. During late 1953 and 1954, employment leveled off, but in 1955 the upswing resumed at a rate about equal to that of 1950-52 and continued through 1956. 1949 and 1956 * 0 f the San Fr a n cisco Regional O f f i c e , o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s . Bureau ^Employment s t a t i s t i c s p e r t a in in g to the P a c i f i c Coast Region were c o l l e c t e d and compiled under a c o o p e r a t i v e program between the Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s and the Washington Employ ment S e c u r i t y Department, Oregon Unemployment Compensation Commission, and the C a l i f o r n i a Department o f I n d u s t r i a l R e l a t i o n s . (F ig u re s f o r 1956 are p r e lim in a r y . ) o iii From S t a te employment s e c u r i t y agency data. being in southern California. Los Angeles alone, with an employment rise of 721,000 over the 7-year period, accounted for half the Pacific Region's total increase. Percent agewise, employment in the San Diego metro politan area increased even more, but because San Diego is a much smaller community, this increase had less impact on the region than did the growth in Los Angeles. In contrast, employment in the San Francisco-Oakland area, second largest area in the region in terms of employment, gained only 19 percent, lagging behind the regional rate of increase but equaling that of the Nation. Washington and Oregon did not share pro portionately in the region's growth. In the largest metropolitan areas in these two States, Ta b l e 2. Seattle and Portland, the rate of increment was also below the regional average. Aircraft Responsible for Rise in M a nufacturing Employment A striking aspect of employment growth on the Pacific Coast is the increase of more than 560,000 in manufacturing, which accounted for almost 40 percent of the total increase (table 2). In 1949, manufacturing employment com prised 24 percent of the region's total nonagricultural employment. By 1956, this pro portion had risen to 28 percent. The propor tion of manufacturing employment in the United States on the other hand was nearly constant during this period, constituting nearly a third of all nonagricultural employment. N o n a g r i c u l t u r a l employment, by i n d u s t r y division, U n i t e d S t a t e s and P a c i f i c Coast R e g i o n A n n u a l averages, Industry division 1949 and 1956 U n i t e d States Employment Percent (in t h o u s a n d s ) change 1956 1949 P a c i f i c Coast R e g i o n Pe r c e n t Employment change (in t h o usands) 1949 1956 u T o t a l ......................... 43,315 51,490 18.9 4, 165 5,613 34.8 Mining. .............. ....... Contract construction.... M a n u f a c t u r i n g .............. T r a n s p o r t a t i o n and p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s ......... W h o l e s a l e and r e t a i l 918 2, 165 1 4,1 7 8 795 3,037 16,893 -13.4 40.3 19. 1 39 263 996 42 353 1 ,557 6.4 34.3 56. 3 3,9 4 9 4, 145 5.0 41 0 468 14.3 9,513 11,144 17. 1 1,022 1,276 24.9 1, 765 2, 300 30. 3 180 268 49. 1 4,972 5,856 6, 000 7, 176 20. 7 22.5 543 713 712 937 31. 1 31.5 Finance, insurance, and real e s t a t e . ......... S e r v i c e and m i s c e l G o v e r n m e n t ................. 1/ C o m p u t e d from u n r o u n d e d data. Largely responsible for the unusual rise in the Pacific Region* s manufacturing employ ment was the swift expansion of the aircraft industry, particularly in southern California. This industry not only accounted for more than 200,000 new jobs, but gave added impetus to employment in the fabrication of products and materials required for aircraft. For ex ample, the electrical products and equipment group showed a phenomenal rise from 23,000 workers in 1949 to more than triple this by 1956. These developments occasioned marked changes in the industrial composition of areas experiencing the greatest employment increases, whereas the 1949 industry patterns were gen erally retained in areas having only modest increases in jobs. recent years. World War II accelerated a trend toward more manufacturing on the Coast and brought additional population. Added population in turn created a market for more consumers* goods and made it economically feasible to fabricate them at or near the point of consumption rather than at eastern points. Employment trends among the three leading manufacturing industries on the Pacific Coast provide an interesting comparison. The lum ber, food processing, and aircraft3 manufac turing industries as a group comprised ap proximately 45 percent of total manufacturing employment in the Pacific Region both in 1949 and 1956. Although each of these three in dustries showed an increase over the period, the rate of expansion varied considerably. In addition to the impact of the aircraft industry on manufacturing employment, there is another complex of forces underlying the overall manufacturing employment increment of Indexes of E m p l o y m e n t 3 Da ta on a i r c r a f t m a n u f a c t u r i n g e m p l o y m e n t in O r e g o n have not been included, but t he n u m b e r is r e l a t i v e l y minor. in t h e T h r e e Leading Manufacturing Industries PAC IFIC C O A S T R E G IO N Annua ! Average IN D E X ( 1947-49=100) 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR f 1 9 4 9- 56 ( 1947- 49=100) I N D E X 1954 1955 1956 * Dato on G,rcraft manufacturing employment in Oregon have not been included, but the number is relatively minor. V While aircraft employment increaseda startling 195 percent, the lumber and food industries gained only 14 and 10 percent, respectively. As a result, the aircraft industry, which was third among these in absolute numbers of em ployees in 1949, replaced food processing as the leading manufacturing industry. The lum ber industry remains in second place among these three. Nonmanufacturing Employment Also Increases All nonmanufacturing industry divisions in the Pacific Region showed employment in creases between 1949 and 1956, but the financeinsurance-real estate group, contract construc tion, government, and service industries were in the forefront. The relatively greater in creases in these industries reflect, of course, the needs of the growing population for housing, business and health services, schools, re pair services, laundries, etc. Gains in the transportation-public utilities and trade divisions were 14 and 25 percent, respectively. Mining employment, although falling nationally, registered a small increase on the Pacific Coast. The decline in mining nation ally over the past few years has been in the coal industry, while crude-petroleum and natural-gas production employment has been on the rise. Mining on the Pacific Coast is predominately crude-oil production, and coal mining is quite insignificant. It seems evident that manufacturing, when measured by employment trends, is emerging to a position of greater importance in the econ omy of the Pacific Coast. While it has not attained a magnitude proportionate to its place in the national picture, the movement is in that direction. The main stimulant has unquestionably been the expanding aircraft industry, which in turn encouraged the growth of other manufacturing activities to meet its needs. As manufacturing employment multiplied and the population increased, an augmented demand for raw materials and services resulted in a tremendous rise in nonmanufacturing em ployment, so that nonagricultural employment on the Pacific Coast expanded at an average rate of 5 percent a year— nearly twice that of the Nation. THE A IR C R A F T A N D P A R T S IN D U ST R Y Annual u n ite d s t a t e s d e p a rtm e n t o f la b o r BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Average 1947-56 1956 data are preliminary Employment Trends N O N FA RM E M P L O Y M E N T RISES SE ASO N ALLY IN A P R IL N on fa rm em p lo y m e n t r o s e b y 260, 000 in A p r il 1957 to 51. 6 m illio n , a r e c o r d fo r the m onth. The r is e w as e n tir e ly due to se a so n a l expan sion s in r e ta il tr a d e , c o n t r a c t c o n s tr u c tio n , s e r v ic e , and oth er n on m an u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s 0 E m p lo y m e n t in m a n u factu rin g d rop p ed slig h t ly m o r e than u su al fo r this tim e of y e a r as a r e sult o f la y o ffs in plants p r o d u cin g a u to m o b ile s and oth er c o n s u m e r d u ra ble g o o d s . A n o rm a l sea so n a l d e c lin e in the fa c t o r y w ork w eek re su lte d in a d ro p of 41 cen ts in the a v e ra g e w eek ly ea rn ings o f fa c t o r y p r o d u c tio n w o r k e r s . T h ere has a ls o been so m e e v id e n ce of a le v e lin g o ff in e m p loy m en t b y in d u stria l m a ch in e ry p r o d u c e r s . T h ese d e c lin e s in a c tiv ity have in turn b een r e fle c t e d in sm a ll em p loy m en t cu tb a ck s in the p r i m a r y m e ta ls in d u stry . An em p loy m en t d e c lin e in the ru b b er in d u stry r e s u lte d p r im a r ily fr o m a sh ort strik e at plants of one la r g e p r o d u c e r . E m p loy m en t in the w om en*s ou terw ea r in d u stry show ed c o n s id e r a b ly le s s than the u su al A p r il d e c lin e . T h is w as a ttribu ta ble to the la te date o f E a s te r this y e a r , and the con tin u a tion o f E a s te r a p p a re l p r o d u c tio n into A p r il. The p rin tin g and p u blish in g in d u stry con tin u ed to show b e tte r than se a so n a l jo b g a in s. F A C T O R Y W O RK W EEK DIPS SE ASO N ALLY NO N M AN U FACTU RIN G E M P L O Y M E N T RISES BY 390, 000 The w o rk w e e k of fa c t o r y p r o d u ctio n w o rk e r s d e c lin e d b y 0. 2 h o u r s - - a n o rm a l se a so n a l d e v e lo p m e n t« -b r in g in g the A p r il w ork w eek to 3 9 .9 h o u r s 0 O v e r -th e -m o n th ch a n ges in n e a r ly all m a n u fa ctu r ing in d u strie s w e re a p p ro x im a te ly se a so n a l, a l though the d ro p in h ou rs in the ston e, c la y , and g la s s in d u stry w as som ew h at g r e a te r than u su al. In a p p a r e l, h ou rs as w e ll as em p loym en t d e clin e d le s s than in oth er A p r ils , b e c a u s e of the late E a ster. A ll m a jo r n onm an ufacturin g in d u stries r e p o r te d e m p lo y m e n t gain s b etw een M a rch and A p r il. T h e se gain s w e re m a in ly se a so n a l, but the em p loy m en t in c r e a s e in the c o n s tr u c tio n in d u stry w as som ew h a t below a v e ra g e b e c a u s e of u nusually c o ld w ea th er in e a r ly A p r il o v e r m o s t o f the co u n tr y ea st o f the R o c k ie s . E m p loy m en t in trad e r o s e by m o r e than 100, 000 as a re s u lt of E a s te r s e a so n se llin g a c tiv ity . S e r v ic e in du s t r ie s r e p o r t e d m o r e than 10 0,00 0 a d dition a l jo b s o v e r the m onth b e c a u s e of sp rin g tim e expan sion s in a m u sem en t and r e c r e a t io n a c t iv it ie s , h otel o p e r a tio n s , and s e r v ic e s re la te d to a g r ic u ltu r e . The fa c t o r y w ork w eek w as 0.. 4 of an hour b e low A p r il 1956, continu in g the lo w e r - t h a n -a -y e a r a g o pa ttern w h ich has b een eviden t fo r m any months*. A v e r a g e o v e r t im e w o rk re m a in e d unchanged o v e r the m onth at 2. 4 h o u r s , 0. 3 of an hour lo w e r than a y e a r a g o. F A C T O R Y E M P L O Y M E N T DIPS SLIG H TLY E m p loy m en t in m a n u factu rin g d rop p ed by 1 3 0,00 0 o v e r the m onth to 1 6 .8 m i llio n -- a -s lig h t ly la r g e r than u su al d e c lin e fo r this sea son . Since ..last D e c e m b e r fa c t o r y em p loym en t on a s e a so n a lly ad ju sted b a s is has fa lle n b y about 160, 000. A s a r e s u lt o f the sea so n a l d rop in h o u rs, w eek ly ea rn in g s of factory p r o d u ctio n w o r k e r s d e c lin e d by 41 cen ts to $ 8 i . 80. W eek ly ea rn in gs in A p r il, h o w e v e r, w e re $ 2 . 80 m o r e than a y e a r ago. A lthough w age ra te in c r e a s e s have been r e p o rte d fo r som e in d u s tr ie s , h ou rly earn in g s rem a in ed un changed at $ 2 . 05 fo r the fifth s u c c e s s iv e m onth, r e fle c t in g the red u ction in o v e r tim e w o rk at p r e m i um r a te s . E m p loy m en t in a u tom ob ile plants continued to d e c lin e in A p r il. Since the peak p rod u ction m onth o f Janu ary, the n um ber of jo b s in the in d u stry has d e c lin e d b y 7 p e r c e n t. T ota l m a n -h o u rs in the auto in d u stry have d rop p ed by 11 p e r ce n t in the sa m e p e r io d . In a d dition , s m a ll but p e r sisten t em p lo y m e n t cu tb a ck s continu ed to be r e p o r te d b y plants p rod u cin g r e fr ig e r a t o r s , h om e la u n d ry equ ipm en t, and r a d io and te le v is io n se ts. E v e r y in d u stry e x ce p t to b a c c o r e p o r te d h igh er w e e k ly ea rn in g s this A p r il than a y e a r a g o. E a rn ings w e r e m o r e than $4 p e r w eek h igh er o v e r the y e a r in o r d n a n c e , tra n sp o rta tio n equ ipm ent, and ru bber. viii Table 1. Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division and selected groups (In thousands) Year «go Current Industry di.vis.Lon and group April 1957 1/ 51 ,fe8 805 108.8 MINING..................................... 227.3 109.4 March I957 1/ February 1957 51,205 51,369 804 803 108.8 230.7 106.1 108.8 233.5 104.5 April 1956 50,848 790 109.3 222.9 111.1 April 1957 c h a n g e from: net Previous month Year ago +259 +780 + 2 0 - 3.^ + 3.3 + 15 *5 + k.k - 1.7 CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION...................... 2,929 2,806 2,725 2,853 +123 + 76 MANUFACTURING.............................. 16,767 16,897 16,928 16,769 -130 - 2 9,795 129.6 - 7^ -3 + 47 + .3 DURABLE G O O D S ............................................................................................. Lumber and wood products (except f u r n i t u r e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tone, clay, and, glass p r o d u c t s ........... Primary metal i n d u s t r i e s ................... Fabricated metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and transportation e q u i p m e n t )..................... ............. Machinery (except e l e c t rical)............. Transportation e q u i p m ent ......... ......... Instruments and related p r o d u c t s ......... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries... Pood and kindred p r o d u c t s .................. Apparel and other finished textile 130.6 1,464.0 96.7 1 ,017.2 1,465.6 88.9 1,012.3 571.3 1 ,198.4 863.8 847.0 839-0 TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES....... 841.5 253.8 278.9 370.3 278.2 4,104 T R A N S P O R T A T I O N .......................................................................................... C O M M U N I C A T I O N » . . . . ....................................................................... O T H E R P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S ................................................................ 4,143 2,730 817 596 4,128 2,718 594 814 593 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE......... ....... U,197 11,089 11,065 WHOLESALE RETAIL 3,026 T R A D E ..................................................................................... T R A D E . . . ........................... ........................................................ . Apparel and accessories s t ores............ Other retail trade......................... . 563.7 250.8 278.7 372.0 4,121 2,737 796 2,920 8,008 555.* 3,7*3.0 3,036 8,029 1,337.7 1 ,626.6 783.9 546.6 3,734.2 1,369.9 1,557.1 804.1 576.0 3,700.5 - 7 +115 + 5^.1 + 9.0 - 1.7 + 39.1 + Ik.X 3,033 8,171 1,398.2 1 ,636.2 784.9 59*. 5 3,757.1 General merchandise s t o r e s ................. Food and liquor s t o r e s..................... 2,697 816 88.2 1,061.4 1,223.4 569.9 Printing, publishing, and allied Products of petroleum and c o a l ............ 1,734.0 1,195.6 1 ,788.9 335.1 488.0 8,056 1,344.1 1 ,627.2 786.6 + + + 12.7 33.5 29 A 90.6 8A 8.2 6.3 6.7 2.9 20.6 9 .1 22 7 21 8 79.1 19.2 18.5 56.6 FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE....... 2,323 2,310 2,304 2,278 + 13 + *5 SERVICE AND MISCELLANEOUS.................. 6,073 5,964 5,928 5,979 +109 + 9^ GOVERNMENT................................. 7,391 7,372 7,347 7,130 + 19 + 3 + 16 +261 F E D E R A L ................................................................................................................. S T A T E AND L O C A L ........................................ ............................................. 1/ Preliminary, 2,206 __ 2,203 ____ ____U é 2_ 2,200 ._ 5j_l4l 2,168 4,962 + 38 +223 Table 2. Production workers in m anufacturing, by major industry group (In t h o u s a n d s ) Year Current Major ago industry group April 1957 March 1957 1/ 1/ February April 1957 1956 April 1957 net change from: Year ago Previous month MANUFACTURING.............................. 12,918 13,042 13,079 13,114 -12k -I96 DURABLE GOODS............................. 7,572 7,64« 7,679 7,674 - 68 -102 Lumber Stone, and wood products clay, a n d g l a s s p r o d u c t s ............. .1 - l.k 9o2 3.3 3.2 - 13 .I - 73.2 - 7.5 78.8 78.9 79 .* 84.2 - 568.5 559*3 310.8 461.0 1,111.2 566.7 310.4 456.9 1 ,120.8 641.7 315.0 478.2 1 ,136.2 + 905.1 1 ,306.1 884.1 1,438.3 232.9 378.4 894.5 1,291.8 874.0 1,332.4 231.4 394.1 5.7 15.7 .1 .8 - 11.8 1,392.8 231.6 383.2 900.1 1,306.7 876.4 1,422.5 233.3 379.6 - 29.7 - 1.7 + 3.6 + .2 - 10.9 5,346 5,*02 5,400 5,440 - 1 ,019.2 1,005.4 79.1 1,023.3 79-* 971.0 - 922.2 1,003.6 87.3 926.5 13.8 %k - 10.2 - *.1 - 5.7 - 59.0 1 ,092.9 1 ,089.8 1,067.8 460.2 - 27.^ - 1.3 - 2.3 + 2.3 560.8 560.0 555-9 171.7 201.6 323.3 557.1 171.6 555.6 553.1 172.0 218.3 218.5 547.4 569.O 171.3 218.7 331.5 + .8 - 1.2 + .1 - 16.7 - 7.8 + l$.k - 13.1 + •k - 17.1 - 8.2 (except 307.5 1*64.2 1 ,098.1 + - lk.0 - 38.1 Fabricated metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and t ran s p o r t a t i o n 894.4 1,291.0 E l e c t r i c a l m a c h i n e r y . ........................... I n s t r u m e n t s a n d r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s ........... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries... NONDURABLE GOODS.......................... F o o d a n d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s ..................... T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ............................ T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s . . ........................ Apparel and other finished textile p r o d u c t s ........................................... P a p e r a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ..................... Printing, publishing, and allied Chemicals Leather a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ............... and l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ................. 862.2 73.7 912.0 1,065.5 462.5 463.8 331.1 if Preliminary. X 462.8 330.4 - - lk.2 56 + + 6o.k - 9k Table 3. Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group Average weekly earnings Major industry group Apr. 191 >7 Average weekly hours 1956 Mar. 1956 57 191 Average hourly e arnings Mar. Apr. Apr. y 1/ Apr. Apr. 1957 Mar. 1956 Apr. y 1/ MANUFACTURING.................. $81.80 $82.21 $78.99 39.9 40.1 40.3 $2.05 $2.05 $1.96 DURABLE GOODS................. 88.51 88.73 85.49 40.6 40.7 41.1 2.18 2.18 2.08 96.79 95.68 90.29 41.9 41.6 41.8 2.31 2.30 2.16 7 1 .2* 68.11 69.17 69.72 70.22 67.13 39.8 39-6 39.3 40.3 39.9 40.2 1.79 1.72 1.76 1.73 1.67 80.00 81.81 98.65 79.32 96.00 40.2 39-9 40.1 40.7 41.1 41.2 1.99 2.45 2.46 2.01 1.93 2.33 *7.72 83.84 40.9 41.8 40.5 40.7 41.1 42.5 41.0 40.6 2.15 2.27 2.07 2.37 2.04 91.76 40.8 *1.5 40.2 41.0 2.14 92.65 80.36 97.17 87.53 95.30 83 .*3 96.87 2.28 2.06 2.38 2.18 I .96 2.26 85.27 85.06 81.38 40.8 40.7 41.1 2.09 2.09 I .98 73.16 73.89 70.47 40.2 40.6 40.5 1.82 1.83 1.74 NONDURABLE GOODS...... ........ 72.7* 73.30 70.17 38.9 39.2 39.2 1.87 1.82 1.79 F o o d a n d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s ...... T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ............ T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s ........... Appar el and other finished t e x t i l e p r o d u c t s ................. P a p e r a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ...... P rinting, publishing, and a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s ............... C h e m i c a l s and allied products. P r o d u c t s o f p e t r o l e u m and c o a l ................................. R u b b e r p r o d u c t s ................... Le ath er and leather products.. 78.00 77.*1 57.61 58.20 74.37 56.47 40.0 36.3 38.5 39.9 37.9 40.2 37.9 39.3 1.95 1.54 1.94 1.52 1.50 1.50 I .85 1.49 1.43 36.6 O r d n a n c e and accessories....... L umb e r and wood products ( e x c e p t f u r n i t u r e ) .............. F u r n i t u r e a n d f i x t u r e s .......... Stone, clay, and glass p r o d u c t s ............................ P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ....... Fabricated metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and t r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ).............................. Machinery (except electrical). E l e c t r i c a l m a c h i n e r y ............ T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ....... I n s t r u m e n t s and r elated p r o d u c t s ............................ Miscellaneous manufacturing i n d u s t r i e s ......................... 97.76 9*. 21 83.21 55.90 57-75 56.20 y 1.47 1.48 2.00 1.90 2.49 2.49 2.16 2.16 2.41 2.07 84.60 81.32 42.3 42.3 36.2 42.8 95.87 96.36 88.78 85.28 93.51 38.5 41.3 38.7 41.1 41.2 104.75 90.13 104.65 85.79 54.90 40.7 40.7 37.1 40.6 40.6 41.2 39.9 2.58 2.58 2.21 2.22 52.92 89.21 105.01 89.95 57.51 5*.17 58.52 51.77 XL 36.0 38.0 38.8 36.6 1.76 2.01 85.02 1/ P r e l i m i n a r y . 38.8 y 1.55 1.54 1.43 2.54 2.15 1.50 Table 4. Gross average w eekly hours and average overtime hours of production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group Major industry group MANUFACTURING.................................... DURABLE G O O D S .................................................................................................................. F ê b . I957 Apr. 1956 Mar. L957 1/ Apr, L957 1/ Gross Average Gross Average Gross Ave rage Gross Average average over average over average over average over weekly time time weekly weekly weekly time time hours hours hours hours hours hours hours hours 39.9 2.4 40.1 2.4 40.2 2.5 40.3 2.7 40.6 2.5 40.7 2.5 40.9 2.7 41.1 2.9 - 41.6 39-3 40.3 40.7 40.1 2.7 42.0 39.5 40.2 40.6 40.3 2.7 41.8 39.9 40.2 41.1 41.2 2.8 3.1 2.5 3.6 2.9 3.8 2.7 2.4 2.5 2.5 - Lumber and wood products (except furniture).... Furniture and fixtures............................. - - - Primary metal industries.»........................ Fabricated metal products (except ordnance, - - 39.3 2.3 39.2 2.4 39-9 37-9 2.6 40.3 38.5 39.1 36.5 42.4 38.4 41.1 40.8 40.9 38.3 2.8 .6 40.2 37.9 39.3 2.8 18.8 36.6 Rubber p r o d u c t s . .................................... " Preliminary. 2.3 - Printing, publishing, and allied industries.... ±j 39.2 _ - XÜ 2.8 2.4 Apparel and other finished textile p r o d u c t s . -- 2.2 2.7 _ 38.9 2.3 2.9 41.1 42.5 41.0 40.6 41.1 40.5 2.2 “ “ 3.1 2.0 2.6 41.0 41.9 40.6 41.3 41.0 40.3 40.9 41.8 40.5 40.7 40.7 40.6 - 2.6 2.2 42.3 38.7 41.1 40.6 40.6 38.0 2.7 3.1 2.2 2.5 2.2 •9 2.2 1.2 4.3 3.1 2.2 1.6 2.6 1.3 2.8 3.2 2.3 2.8 2.2 2.3 1.2 4.4 2.9 2 .1 1.6 2.7 1.4 36.2 42.8 38.8 41.2 41.2 39.9 36.6 •9 2.4 1 .1 4.5 3.1 2.3 2.0 2.5 1.3 Table 5* Index of employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division (1947-49=100) Year ago Current Ind. u s "try d i v i s i o n April 1957 March 1957 ll ll February 1957 April 1956 TOTAL...... ............ ........... ***** n 8 *o 117,4 117*1 116 e2 M i n i n g ............ ......................... 84.9 139.1 112.3 84.7 133.3 84.8 129*5 113.4 83.3 135.5 112.3 100.8 117.6 101.2 116.1 132.0 122.2 126.0 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n and p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s ........................ . W h o l e s a l e a n d r e t a i l t r a d e . . . . .......... Finance, insurance, and real estate... S e r v i c e a n d m i s c e l l a n e o u s ............... . 113.2 101.4 117.9 133.8 121.9 101.8 119.0 134.6 124.1 130.6 130.2 133.5 121.2 129.8 ll P r e l i m i n a r y . T a b le 6 . In d e x of p ro d u ctio n w o rk e rs in m a n u fa ctu rin g , b y m a jo r in d u s try gro u p , (1947-49=100) Year ago Current Major industry group February 1957 April 1956 105.4 105.7 106.0 113.5 114.5 115.1 115.0 3*8.5 348.5 348.5 370.6 77.1 10*. 3 106.7 106.7 75.7 105.3 76.8 105.0 107.9 105.1 IO8.9 106.7 109.9 110.4 11*.8 115.5 116.2 114.9 114.9 113.6 138.1 136.5 140.6 130.2 120.1 100.0 120.1 99.5 119.1 103.7 93.9 94.9 94.8 95.5 86.1 70.0 7*.6 84.9 74.8 75.5 84.8 82.3 75.9 86.4 74.8 79.5 102 .* 115.6 105.0 115.8 104.7 102.6 115.6 114.8 116.7 108.9 92.5 99.2 89.3 116.5 109.1 92.5 115.7 108.4 92.5 107.5 113.8 March 1957 April 1957 ll ll 10*.* G O O D S . . ............................................................................ O r d n a n c e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s .................. L u m b e r a n d w o o d p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t f u r n i t u r e ).................................... F u r n i t u r e a n d f i x t u r e s ..................... MANUFACTURING.............. ............ DURABLE P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s .................. F a b r i c a t e d m etal p r o ducts (except ordnance, machinery, and t r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ) ................ . M a c h i n e r y ( e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) ........... E l e c t r i c a l m a c h i n e r y ....................... I n s truments and re l a t e d products...... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries . NONDURABLE G O O D S ........................................ ................................ T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ....................... Apparel and other finished textile P a p e r a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ................. P rinting, publishing, and a llied C h e m i c a l s a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ........... P r o d u c t s o f p e t r o l e u m a n d c o a l .......... Leather a n d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ............ 106.0 115.0 136.8 113.5 13*.6 136.2 119.6 100.8 139.1 107.0 91.5 1/Preliminary. Xili 91.2 87.0 111.5 91.9 107*5 91.8 Seasonally Adjusted Data T a b le 7. E m p lo y e e s in n o n a g ric u ltu ra l e s ta b lis h m e n ts , b y in d u stry d iv is io n , s e a s o n a lly a d ju ste d Number (In thousands) Index ( 1947 - 49 = 1 0 0 ) Industry division TOTAL................................. M i n i n g ............................... Contract c o n s t r u c t i o n . ................. M a n u f a c t u r i n g . ....................... Transportation and public utilities.. Wholesale and retail t r a d e ............ Finance, insurance, and real estate.. Service and miscellaneous. Government April March 1957 1 / 1957 1/ nS.g 85.8 14 6. 5 ±1 1 0 .‘ 3J 101.g 119.8 134. 6 1 24 • 1 1^0. 1 February Apri 1 April March February- April 1957 1956 1957 1/ 1957 1/ 1957 1956 117- 3 £7 noo d1 , yy^ 52,063 52,108 D -*■, 3 -* / 84.8 146. 3 84 • 2 142.7 113- 7 102. 0 12 0. 7 134- 8 12 4 . 3 2 Û •.D K -7*■ -*y 113- 3 101. 4 11 8 . 2 13 2 . 0 813 3,083 1 6 ,gig 4 , i 5o 11,269 803 3, h 8 1 6 , 9 31 4,149 1 1, 311 2,322 6 , 0 86 7, 343 804 70 jo , u /y 1 6 , 9 80 4,152 11, 356 2,327 6 , 0 80 7, 330 79 8 3,003 10,gi8 4 , 128 1 1 , Ï20 2,278 119.0 04. / 148. 1 113. 4 101. 9 1 2 0. 2 134-5 124 .4 129.7 12K. K 2 , 3 23 6, 073 7, 3 6 2 5,979 7, 1 0 3 %/ Preliminary. Tab le 8. P r o d u c tio n w o rk e r s in m a n u fa c tu rin g , b y m a jo r in d u stry g ro u p , s e a s o n a lly a d ju s te d Number (In thousands) Index ( 1947 - 49 = 1 0 0 ) Major industry group April March February April April March February April 1957 1/ 1957 1/ 1957 1956 1957 X I 1957 1/ 1957 1956 MANUFACTURING......................... 105.6 105.7 106.1 1 07. 1 1 3, 0 6 1 13,069 13,125 13,251 DURABLE GOODS............................................... U S -5 114.0 114 . 8 115-0 7,574 7, 6 0 9 7,663 7,675 348.5 348.5 34 8 . 5 370-6 79 79 79 84 79.1 78.0 1 04- 3 106. 4 107.4 8 0. 5 102. 9 106.7 108.3 8g.2 107.3 log.g 1 10 . 4 584 310 464 1, og8 576 1 05 . 0 106.7 106.7 3 08 463 1,105 594 3°4 658 317 464 1,115 1 * 136 114 .8 111. g 134-6 1 36.2 1 14-4 113-3 135- 4 139- 1 119.1 1 14-9 112.0 136-5 130.2 118.6 8Ç4 1,272 862 119.1 115 .0 113-2 136.6 140.6 12 0 . 1 101.8 99-5 99.5 Lumber and wood products (except Stone, clay, and glass prod u c t s ....... Primary metal i n d u stries ............... F abricated metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and transporMachinery (except e l e ctrical) ......... Miscellaneous manufacturing NONDURABLE GOODS........................................ Paper and allied p r o d u c t s .............. Printing, publishing, and allied 387 378 378 39 8 5 , 4 60 5,462 5,576 95-9 95 - 9 9 7- 9 94-1 93-9 86. 1 75 - 1 94-3 86. 1 79-5 1,114 86 g 12 1,112 8g 913 1,111 74-6 93-9 84 .2 74-7 91 918 1,116 91 971 104 .5 116.8 101.4 116.3 101.1 116.1 104.7 116.1 1,088 468 1,056 466 1,053 1, ogo 465 465 117-3 116.5 107.6 116.3 107.8 114-4 n o -3 564 560 54 9 559 550 93 -0 îog.o 9 2. 6 174 175 550 563 173 218 218 322 222 335 93-5 93-5 94-1 100.7 go. 1 1 07 . 0 89-3 107.0 8g.o 1/ P relim in ary. 104-7 875 96 . 3 107.8 Rubber p r o d u c t s .......................... 1,438 233 8 g5 1,273 874 1,332 230 5,487 81.4 Textile-mill p r o d u c t s ................... Apparel and other finished textile 231 8gi 1,288 867 1,423 231 1,393 8g6 1,287 478 x iv 550 17 4 205 3 26 323 Historical D a ta Table A-1: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division (I n t h o u s a n d s ) Year Annual and month TOTAL Mining 26,829 27,088 1,124 1,230 953 Manufac turing Transpor t a t i o n and public utilities Wholesale and retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Service and miscel laneous Govern ment average: 1919.• 1920.. 1921.. 1922.. 1923.. 192*.. 1925.. 1926.. 1927.• 1928.. 25,569 - 28,128 27,770 28,505 29,539 29,691 29,710 1929.. 1930.. 31,041 29,143 24,125 1931-• 1932.. 1933.. 193*.• 1935.• 1936.. 1937.• 1938.. 1,092 1,080 1,176 1,105 1,041 1,078 26,383 28,802 735 874 888 937 722 28,902 1,006 882 30,311 32,058 916 30,718 36,220 39,779 42,106 41,53* *0,037 *1,287 *3,462 **,*48 19*9.1950.. 1951.. 1952.. 1953-. 195*.1955.• 1956.. 920 1,203 1,000 864 23,377 23,466 25,699 26,792 1939-• 19*0 .. 1941.. 19*2 .. 19*3.. 19**.. 19*5.. 19*6.. 19*7.. 1948.. 1956» Contract con struction 43,315 44,738 47,347 48,303 49,681 48,431 49,950 51,*90 845 947 983 917 883 826 852 943 783 790 July..... August.... September. October... loyember.. December.. 50,896 51,881 52,261 746 51,238 51,205 51,369 10,534 862 912 1,145 1,112 1,055 1,150 1,294 1,790 2,170 1,567 1,094 1,132 l,66l 1,982 2,165 2,333 2,603 50,*99 50,848 51,197 51,709 19571 January... February.. March.... 1,497 1,372 1,214 970 809 918 777 770 795 786 812 817 818 812 811 811 804 8o4 803 9,997 9,839 9,786 2,169 889 916 885 852 10,534 10,534 8,132 8,986 10,155 9,523 9,786 1,608 1,606 982 March.... April.... M ay...... June..... 52, *55 52,484 53,131 1,021 848 1,012 1,185 1,229 1,321 1,446 1,555 2,634 2,622 9,401 8,021 6,797 7,258 8,3*6 8,907 9,653 10,606 9,253 10,078 10,780 12,97* 15,051 17,381 17,111 15,302 14,461 15,290 15,321 14,178 14,967 16,104 16,334 17,238 15,995 16,557 3,711 3,998 3,459 3,505 3,882 3,806 3,824 3 ,9*0 3,891 3,822 2,912 3,013 3,248 3,433 3,619 3,798 3,872 4,023 4,122 4,141 6,612 6,940 i ,*36 3,9*9 3,977 *,166 9,513 9,645 10,012 1,765 1,824 *,185 10,281 1,967 2,038 2,122 2,215 2,300 2,840 2,669 16,764 *,106 16,769 2,719 2,725 16,937 2,806 17,034 17,121 17,222 17,151 17,133 16,928 16,897 6,033 6,165 6,137 6,543 6,*53 2,853 3,040 3,257 16,291 5,626 5,810 1,398 1,333 1,270 1,225 1,2*7 1,262 1,313 1,355 1,3*7 16,893 3,270 3,353 3,340 3,301 3,191 3,029 5,084 5, *9* 1,050 1,110 1,097 1,079 1,123 1,163 1,166 1,235 1,295 1,360 6,401 6,064 5,531 4,907 *,999 5,552 5,692 *,221 *,009 *,056 *,1*5 16,809 *,623 *,75* 3,907 3,675 3,2*3 2 ,80* 2,659 2,736 2,771 2,956 3,11* 2,593 2,780 3,037 16,715 *,664 6,076 7,4l6 7,333 7,189 7,260 7,522 8,6oe 9,196 9,519 10,527 10,520 10,803 11,144 10,931 *,121 *,138 4,181 10,928 4,148 4,178 4,179 4,177 *,170 11,015 11,047 11,164 *,180 12,092 *,112 *,10* *,128 10,985 11,091 11,288 11,*96 11,139 11,065 11,089 1,*31 1,399 l,*8o 1,*69 1,*35 1,*09 1,*28 1,619 1,672 1,7*1 1,892 2,054 2,142 2,187 2,268 2,431 2,516 2,591 2,755 2,871 2,962 3,127 3,084 2,913 2,682 2,614 2,78* 2,671 2,603 2,531 2 ,5*2 2,611 2,723 2,802 2,848 2,917 2,996 3,066 3,1*9 3,26* 3,225 3,167 3,298 3, *77 2,883 3,060 3,662 3,233 3,196 3,876 3,321 3, *77 3,705 3,857 3,919 3,93* 4, O U *,*7* *,783 *,925 *,972 5,077 5,26* 5, *11 5,538 5,664 5,85* 6,000 3,7*9 3,995 *,202 *,660 5, *83 6,080 6,0*3 5,9** 5,595 5, *7* 5,650 5,856 6,026 6,389 6,609 6,6*5 6,751 7,176 7,122 7,130 7,203 7,150 2,265 2,278 2,289 2,320 5,859 5,979 6 ,0*1 2,342 2,355 2,321 2,312 2,313 2,308 6,137 6,137 6,9*7 6,0*5 6,010 7,298 5,976 7,602 2,29* 2 ,30* 2,310 5,918 5,928 5,96* 7,315 7,3*7 7,372 6,089 6,105 6,960 7,213 7,3*2 1 Industry Employment Table A -2 : All em ployees and production workers in n onagricu ltu ral establishments, by industry (In thousands) All employees £ a Industry March February 51,205 Production workers 1956 March March - 1957 February - 19*56 March TOTAL..................................... 51,369 M INING ................................... 803 804 783 - - 108.8 32.8 108.8 92.8 28.6 30.1 93.1 15.4 15.4 14.8 METAL MINING........................... 50,499 - 91.8 z i n c m i n i n g ........................ 18.1 35.* 32.9 35.4 18.0 107.3 34.1 33.8 17.3 ANTHRACITE............................. 32.8 33.3 32.1 30.7 31.2 29.1 BITUMINOUS-COAL........................ 230.7 233.5 223.1 209.9 213.1 203.5 CRUDE-PETROLEUM AND NATURAL-GAS PRODUCTION............................ 32*.1 324.0 313.5 I r o n m i n i n g .................................... Lead and Pe t r o l e u m and n a t u r a l - g a s p r o d u c t i o n ( e x c e p t c o n t r a c t s e r v i c e s ) .............. NONMETALLIC MINING AND QUARRYING...... CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION.................... NONBUILDING C O N S T R U C T I O N ................................................... H i g h w a y a n d s t r e e t .......................... O t h e r n o n b u i l d i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n .......... BUILDING C O N S T R U C T I O N ......................... - - 106.1 2,806 **5 172.2 272.* 2,361 104.5 - 107.3 2,725 2,669 425 425 158.8 266.0 2,300 168.0 256.8 2,244 GENERAL CONTRACTORS .......................... 939.6 914.5 914.2 SPECIAL-TRADE CONTRACTORS .................. 1,421.3 332-* 1,385.4 332.6 154.3 1,330.1 313.5 147.3 170.7 P l u m b i n g a n d h e a t i n g ........................ P a i n t i n g a n d d e c o r a t i n g ................... E l e c t r i c a l w o r k ............................... O t h e r s p e c i a l - t r a d e c o n t r a c t o r s ........ MANUFACTURING............................ DURABLE G O O D S ........................................................................................ NONDURABLE G O O D S .............................................................................. 161.6 208.0 719.3 208.9 689.6 698.6 - 28.8 30.0 - 29.5 28.9 - 131.1 131.1 127.6 90.6 88.8 91.4 - - _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - _ 16,897 16,928 16,764 13,042 13,079 13,125 9,916 6,981 9,9^ 9,730 7,034 7,640 5,402 7,679 5,400 7,621 5,504 6,980 ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES.............. 130.2 130.6 129.7 78.9 79.4 83.7 FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS............. 1 ,465.6 1,464.0 333.3 1,468.1 334.6 108.4 1 ,003.6 171.7 172.0 1,005.4 256.7 71.5 135.6 81.3 1,020.7 262.4 70.5 140.1 M e a t p r o d u c t s ................................. D a i r y p r o d u c t s ................................ C a n n i n g a n d p r e s e r v i n g ..................... G r a i n - m i l l p r o d u c t s ......................... B a k e r y p r o d u c t s ............................... S u g a r ............................................ C o n f e c t i o n e r y and re l a t e d products.... B e v e r a g e s ....................................... M i s c e l l a n e o u s f o o d p r o d u c t s ..................... TOBACCO MANUFACTURES...................................... C i g a r e t t e s ..................................... C i g a r s ........................................... T o b a c c o a n d s n u f f ............................ T o b a c c o s t e m m i n g a n d r e d r y i n g ........... 2 330.6 109.I 169.5 116.2 289.0 26.1 77.8 210.6 136.7 88.9 33.7 34.0 6.7 14.5 107.8 116.6 288.9 26.7 79.5 204.6 134.9 96.7 33.7 34.3 6.7 22.0 117.9 286.7 26.8 78.2 205.9 137.6 90.1 33.7 35.7 7.2 13.5 259.1 69.6 137.7 81.4 83.8 91.1 169.3 21.4 63.7 114.5 95.0 79.1 29.3 87.3 81.6 32.2 5.6 12.0 32.5 5-6 19.4 168.9 20.9 63.4 114.4 92.7 169.2 21.4 64.9 109.2 29.8 30.4 34.0 6.1 11.1 Industry Employment Table A -2 : All employees and production workers in nonagricultural establishments, by industry - Continued (In t h o u s a n d s ) Production workers All employees Industry March TEXT!LE-MILL PRODUCTS..................... Scouring and combing p l a n t s .................. B r o a d - w o v e n f a b r i c m i l l s ...................... N a r r o w f a b r i c s a n d s m a l l w a r e s ............... K n i t t i n g m i l l s .................................... D y e i n g a n d f i n i s h i n g t e x t i l e s ............... C a r p e t s , r u g s , o t h e r f l o o r c o v e r i n g s ...... Miscellaneous textile g o o d s .................. 195? February 1,012,3 5-7 116.7 436.5 29.3 215.5 1 ,017.2 6.0 118.2 50.9 51.7 11.7 02.6 12.0 440.8 29.5 212.9 83.2 1956 March 1,071.5 6.5 126.4 465.1 30.4 222.6 89.5 53.7 13.0 March 19Ï>7 922.2 5.2 107.8 410.2 25.7 195.8 72.2 42.4 10.5 52.4 February 1956 March 926.5 5.* 109.3 *14.0 960.5 26.0 192.8 26.9 202.8 6.0 117.1 438.0 72.5 43-3 10.3 52.9 78.1 45.7 11.5 54.4 62.9 63.2 64.3 1 ,226.9 1,223.4 121.5 1,240.4 1,092.9 109.3 1 ,089.8 1 ,116.1 122.0 109.5 109.7 303.6 378.2 317.3 385.3 277.2 337.7 277.9 336.3 292.8 g a r m e n t s .......... 303.2 379.1 132.4 128.1 118.1 21.6 71.0 22.7 19.3 M i s c e l l a n e o u s apparel and accessories.... O t h e r f a b r i c a t e d t e x t i l e p r o d u c t s .......... 9.8 59.6 12Ô.Ô 18.7 64.7 7.1 20.2 o u t e r w e a r ............................ APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE PRODUCTS................................. M e n ' s a n d b o y s ’ s u i t s a n d c o a t s ............. Me n ' s and b o y s ’ f u r n i s h i n g s and w o r k c l o t h i n g ........................................... Women's, children's Children's under LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT FURNITURE)............................... 121.4 FURNITURE AND FIXTURES.................... H o u s e h o l d f u r n i t u r e ............................. Office, public-building, and p r o f e s s i o n a l Partitions, shelving, lockers, PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS................. P u l p , p a p e r , a n d p a p e r b o a r d s m i l l s ........ P a p e r b o a r d c o n t a i n e r s a n d b o x e s ............ PRINTING, PUBLISHING, AND ALLIED INDUSTRIES............................... 7.1 53.7 62.4 6.7 55.8 52.2 106.5 686.1 69.6 372.2 559.3 55.2 306.4 566.7 59-7 309.3 618.5 335.9 634.0 66.3 339.1 U 9.6 53.2 55.7 119.1 53.7 55*8 131.3 55.9 57.1 99.2 49.0 ^.5 98.9 109.1 371.4 256.4 370.8 255.1 377.5 310.8 262.7 221.5 220.2 228.2 47.4 47.8 47.5 37.8 38.5 38.5 40.4 40.3 38.9 30.2 30.1 29.7 27.2 27.6 28.4 21.3 21.6 21.9 571.3 284.6 569.9 463.8 235.7 457.1 231.3 150.1 136.6 149.3 135.2 559.6 278.7 148.4 132.5 462.8 285.4 867.5 323.3 63 .O 863.8 844.1 310.5 560.0 161.0 26.8 53.7 36.3 184.3 47.7 626.3 322.4 63.4 16.1 56.2 225.8 62.1 16.0 70.5 70.7 62.7 47.2 and 9.6 62.9 107.6 56.6 228.1 publishing 69.6 3*3-3 114.4 62.1 49.4 49.4 310.4 110.8 63.4 343 7 51.7 50.6 318.3 and Screens, blinds, and mi sce lla neo us f u r n i t u r e a n d f i x t u r e s ........................ Miscellaneous 72.7 9.7 58.3 127.3 116.9 131.7 61.9 S a w m i l l s a n d p l a n i n g m i l l s .................... M i l l work, p lywood, and p r e f a b r i c a t e d 131.0 21.1 47.2 65.8 219.8 63.1 17.9 120.9 107.2 45.6 11.1 38.2 67.7 54.6 printing 236.3 120.5 106.0 121.0 104.8 555-6 159.6 544.8 153.7 26.5 28.8 182.0 47.2 33.* 179.5 47.5 12.7 35.8 ll.l 38.3 55.1 36.8 52.4 3 426587 0 - 5 7 - 3 Industry Employment Table A-2*. All employees and production workers in nonagricultural establishments, by industry - Continued (In thousands) ...— ......... All Industry March CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS............ I n d u s t r i a l i n o r g a n i c c h e m i c a l s .............. I n d u s t r i a l o r g a n i c c h e m i c a l s ................. D r u g s a n d m e d i c i n e s ............................. Soap, c l e a n i n g and p o l i s h i n g p r e p a r a t i o n s ...................................... P a i n t s , p i g m e n t s , a n d f i l l e r s ............... G u m a n d w o o d c h e m i c a l s ......................... F e r t i l i z e r s ........................................ V e g e t a b l e a n d a n i m a l o i l s a n d f a t s ........ M i s c e l l a n e o u s c h e m i c a l s ........................ PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AND COAL........... P e t r o l e u m r e f i n i n g ............................... Coke, o t h e r p e t r o l e u m and coa l p r o d u c t s . . RUBBER PRODUCTS........................... Tires and i n n e r t u b e s .......................... LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS............. Leather: tanned, curried, and f i n i s hed... Indus t r i a l l e ather b e lting and packing... B o o t a n d s h o e c u t s t o c k a n d f i n d i n g s ...... L u g g a g e .............................................. H a n d b a g s a n d s m a l l l e a t h e r g o o d s ........... G l o v e s and m i s c e l l a n e o u s leat h e r goods... STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS.......... F l a t g l a s s .......................................... G lass and glassware, p r e s s e d or b l own.... Glass products made of purchased glass... Structural c l a y p r o d u c t s ...................... Concrete, gypsum, and p l a s t e r p r o d ucts... C u t - s t o n e a n d s t o n e p r o d u c t s ................. Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES.................. Blast furnaces, steel works, S eco nda ry smelting and refining of n o n f e r r o u s m e t a l s ............................... Rolling, drawing, and alloying of primary metal industries... February Production workers 1956 March March 1957 February 1956 March 566.1 76.0 221.1 841.5 109.9 318.4 49.7 75.1 8.9 44.0 40.3 103.3 103.2 253.6 202.3 51.3 253.8 202.3 51.5 251.5 199-7 171.6 172.0 51.8 130.7 40.9 130.9 41.1 130.0 278.2 121.6 21.8 134.8 278.9 280.1 120.4 24.9 134.8 218.3 218.5 121.1 17.6 107.0 17.6 108.0 220.8 92.6 371.1 43.3 370.3 43.7 4.7 17.7 241.0 384.7 44.9 5.0 331.1 38.7 3.5 330.4 39.1 3.6 4.6 17.5 242.5 553.1 75.5 96.8 836.0 108.8 315.6 93.0 557.1 75.3 213.5 56.1 49.7 75.2 *9 .7 7 *. 2 30.1 *6.5 30.2 28.2 65.2 293 8.8 38.0 *1.5 21.9 135.9 8.4 45.5 41.2 99-6 18.2 7.5 34.7 93.7 15.6 218.4 15.0 30.2 18.0 15.0 251.4 15-7 31.1 17.1 17.5 555.5 32.4 96.9 18.3 42.4 79.9 53.9 114.7 552.0 33.* 95.9 563.8 33-7 42.3 42.3 81.7 15.3 35.6 78.0 86.0 70.0 54.5 113.4 47.1 91.9 20.2 20.1 55-* U4.1 20.5 96.8 96.2 96.4 1,335.0 1,344.7 228.8 662.7 665.I 234.2 72.4 18.2 32.0 96.9 18.5 12.6 26.4 15.9 461.0 29.0 213.8 56.4 46.7 7.* 28.7 65.1 92.9 15.8 216.9 12.7 27.3 55.6 29.9 46.9 7.1 36.6 28.9 64.0 171.8 41.8 20.7 107.5 344.1 40.3 3.9 16.4 226.5 13.5 15.0 28.3 15.2 456.9 472.2 29.9 30.0 80.5 15.3 35.4 82.0 15.7 35.5 17.5 76.6 49.0 92.6 18.0 72.8 71.9 72.9 1,342.5 1 ,111.2 1 ,120.8 1,130.3 661.7 558.0 198.5 561.4 242.1 203.2 563.3 211.9 71.9 67.4 57.7 57.5 54.6 13.6 I 3 .7 13.6 10.2 10.2 10.3 111 .4 113.0 119.2 77.5 167.1 86.7 65.4 134.7 87.9 79.5 167.3 95.4 64.1 130.7 79.0 Miscellaneous employees 8*5.9 109.9 317.6 97.1 and rolling I r o n a n d s t e e l f o u n d r i e s ...................... Prim ary smelting and refining of 1957 161.0 17.6 68.2 47.9 90.2 65.8 134.8 Industry employment Table A -2: All em ployees and production workers in n on agricultu ral establishments, by industry - Continued ( In t h o u s a n d s ) Production workers All employees i eb n m r y 1956 March 1,136.5 55-3 1*7-0 1 ,1 *2 .1 1 ,117.0 lll.o 329.3 2*5-5 *9-5 111.3 Industry March FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORD NANCE, MACHINERY, AND TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT)............................... C u t l e r y , h a n d t o o l s , a n d h a r d w a r e .......... Heat i n g a p p aratus (except electric) and p l u m b e r s ' s u p p l i e s ............................. Metal stamping, coating, and engraving... L i g h t i n g f i x t u r e s ................................ F a b r i c a t e d w i r e p r o d u c t s ...................... Miscellaneous fabricated metal products.. MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL)............ 1957 5*.7 150.1 56.2 155.0 124.0 293.5 240.0 48.1 298.5 G e n e r a l i n d u s t r i a l m a c h i n e r y ................. O f fice and store m achines and devices.... S e r v i c e - i n d u s t r y and h o u s e h o l d m a c h ines.. M i s c e l l a n e o u s m a c h i n e r y p a r t s ............... 192.7 278.2 1 *1.0 188.3 283.9 190.5 283.1 1 ,238.4 *25.4 TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT.................. engines a n d p a r t s .................. 109.7 H 8.5 111.3 1 ,306.1 62.9 108.0 1 ,281.0 57.1 114.3 135.1 184.5 104.2 144.5 176.0 274.2 134.9 184.0 103.7 142.2 220.1 219.2 215.8 1,241.6 1 ,162.2 876.4 884.1 841.5 *27-3 391.0 51.3 23.7 295.2 39.4 275.8 41.1 78.9 32.7 573.7 52.3 76.1 26.5 18.9 62.9 28.3 542.5 51.1 393.3 38.4 298.5 40.6 19.1 63.5 28.4 395.6 38.4 1,917.* 813.9 1,933-2 1 ,805.6 830.7 887.8 840.6 567.1 566.3 766.0 1,422.5 655.9 181.8 181.8 19.0 485.5 159.0 14.7 50.8 573.9 52.* 19.3 O t h e r a i r c r a f t p a r t s a n d e q u i p m e n t ....... S h i p a n d b o a t b u i l d i n g a n d r e p a i r i n g ...... S h i p b u i l d i n g a n d r e p a i r i n g .................. 63.0 40.1 51.0 221.4 889.2 Aircraft 206.1 39.5 118.3 229.4 32.6 p r o d u c t s .......... 203.0 96.7 220.7 199.1 38.7 50.3 112.4 230.6 24.6 78.7 electrical 84.1 244.1 1,306.7 299-9 Miscellaneous 84.2 246.8 1 ,720.1 M e t a l w o r k i n g m a c h i n e r y ......................... S p e c i a l - i n d u s t r y m a c h i n e r y (except Electrical generating, transmission, di s t ribution, and i n dustrial apparatus.. E l e c t r i c a l a p p l i a n c e s .......................... 126.1 1 ,780.2 152.2 287.6 1956 March 120.9 l, 78 *.l 87.* 150.5 162.1 February 893.0 49.0 49.6 111.1 162.2 1957 905.1 47.5 48.2 117.7 60.6 138.8 60.8 138.1 77.6 154.8 ELECTRICAL MACHINERY...................... 900.1 326.8 2*9.0 50.1 62.0 138.1 87.1 1 *8 .5 E n g i n e s a n d t u r b i n e s ............................ A g r i c u l t u r a l m a c h i n e r y a n d t r a c t o r s ....... March 121.0 1 *8 .0 123-7 |2*.3 192.8 277.6 1 *0.0 52.0 2*.7 120.7 1 * 3.8 119.6 2*.2 61.9 191.9 258.5 122.5 200.8 106.8 128.1 102.2 588.6 372.6 116.9 13.1 1,438.3 670.1 590.2 374.9 U 6.3 12.9 86.1 86.0 127.2 106.1 2 1.1 9.1 43.4 7.4 102.6 20.9 25.9 61.8 123.5 47.2 7.3 112.1 137.5 92.9 153.9 19.0 60.8 23.2 383.5 38.1 1,353.7 678.1 511.5 323.8 100.9 9.9 76.9 109.9 87.1 22.8 46.8 7.4 t r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t . ............ 57.2 9.1 INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS......... 3 *5.0 3**-3 334.2 233.3 232.9 230.9 7 3 .1 7 3 .1 63.6 41.8 42.2 37.3 86.3 85.4 14.1 84.9 14.0 60.0 58.8 10.6 59.7 * 5.0 2 7.7 66.0 32.8 44.8 27.9 66.3 32.7 42.3 28.5 65.3 35.6 31.3 21.7 41.3 311 29.3 22.5 42.3 Other Laboratory, Mechanical scientific, measuring and e n g i n e e r i n g and cont r o l l i n g O p t i c a l i n s t r u m e n t s a n d l e n s e s .............. Surgical, medical, and dental Watches and c l o c k s .............................. l*.l 9.0 10.5 26.7 21.8 41.8 26.6 10.8 29.0 5 Industry Employment Table A -2 : A ll employees and production workers in nonagricultural establishments, by industry - Continued (In thousands) All employees Industry MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES... Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware.... Toys and sporting goods ................... Pens, pencils, other office supplies.... Fabricated plastics p r o d u c t s ........... ¡7 „ u M a rc hu 1 9 1 F e b r u a r y 476.3 49-8 18.8 83.4 30.3 58.9 89.1 146.0 TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S ............... TR A N SPO R TA T IO N ............................. ........................................ Local railways and bus li n e s ....... . Trucking and w a r e h o u s i n g ...........*...... Bus lines, except l o c a l ............ ....... Air transportation (common carri e r ) ..... COMMUNICATION...................................................... OTHER PUBLIC UTILITIES.................................... Gas and electric u t i l i t i e s ............. . Electric light and power u t i l i t i e s ...... Electric light and gas utilities c o m b i n e d .................................... Local utilities, not elsewhere WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE................... WHOLESALE TRADE............................... Wholesalers, *7*. 3 51 .* 19.0 81.2 30.2 58.9 88.6 1*5.0 Production workers 1956 M a rc h *91.0 52.7 18.9 86.7 31.3 63.3 85.6 152.5 1957 M a rc h 379.6 39.0 15 .8 397.7 42.3 - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 22.9 47.3 70.5 *,106 - 2,718 1,132.2 2,697 1,133.0 988.7 2,729 1 , 189.1 1, 0*1.2 111.2 78*.9 _ _ _ 106.2 805.9 378.4 115.6 68.5 *,10* 805.1 674.1 44.2 141.5 M a rc h 40.6 16.0 66.4 22.7 47.4 70.6 114.7 4,128 988.0 106.2 1956 F e b ru a ry - 652.3 *3.9 1*0.1 643.4 43.2 123.6 - - 81* 771.5 *1.8 791 748.0 42.6 _ _ 59* 570.8 252.7 144.8 816 773-8 41.8 - 16.1 72.0 23.5 51.7 69.O 123.1 - - - - - 593 570.5 252.* 1*5.1 586 _ _ _ 563.2 249.4 143.0 - - - - - - - 173-3 173.0 170.8 22.7 22.2 22.4 - - - 11,089 11,065 10,931 3,033 3,036 2,926 1,764.3 114.4 1,765.1 11*.2 - - - - _ _ _ 1,710.3 113.8 - - - _ . full-service and limited- Groceries, food specialties, beer, wines, and liq u o r s ........................ Electrical goods, machinery, hardware, and plumbing equ i p m e n t ................... Other full-service and limited-function RETAIL TRADE....................................................... 312.0 310.5 300.8 . 468.4 467.8 449.4 _ _ _ 869.5 1 , 268.7 872.6 1,271.0 846.3 1,215.3 - - - 8,056 8,029 1,337.7 8,005 1,384.1 - - - 868.9 889.7 1, 626.6 1 , 552.6 - - _ _ - - - _ _ _ - - - - _ _ General merchandise s t o r e s ................. Department stores and general mail-order 1,344.1 Other general merchandise stores........ 475-2 1,627.2 1 , 158.9 230.2 238.1 786.6 555.4 3,7*3.0 382.4 352.7 Grocery, meat, and vegetable m a r k e t s . ... Dairy-product stores and dealers......... Other food and liquor s t ores............ Automotive and accessories d e a l e r p ....... Furniture and appliance sto r e s . .......... 6 868.9 *68.8 1,1 5 7 0 227-3 2*2.3 783.9 546.6 3,73*-2 383.3 350.0 494.4 1,090.0 225-8 236.8 806.2 589.5 3,672.7 387.1 330.5 _ - - _ - _ _ - _ - - - - Payroll Indexe Table A -2 ! All employees and production workers in nonagricultural establishments, by industry - Continued (In t h ousands) All e m p l o y e e s Industry March FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE............ B a n k s said t r u s t c o m p a n i e s .... . ........ S e c u r i t y d e a l e r s a n d e x c h a n g e s ............. I n s u r a n c e c a r r i e r s a n d a g e n t s ........... Other finance agencies and real e s t a t e . . SERVICE AND MISCELLANEOUS................................. H o t e l s a n d l o d g i n g p l a c e s .................... Personal services: L a u n d r i e s ........................................ C l e a n i n g a n d d y e i n g p l a n t s ................. M o t i o n p i c t u r e s ......................... 19!27 February Production 1956 March 2,310 597.* 84.7 844.4 783.6 2,304 595.8 841.1 783.7 569.7 8l.O 814.9 799.1 5,964 465.9 5,928 465-0 5,859 467.7 328.1 162.8 212.0 328.0 160.6 208.5 163.4 218.3 83.6 workers February 1956 March 2,265 330.2 GOVERNMENT............................................................... 7,372 7,347 7,122 F E D E R A L ................ *.................................................................... S T A T E AND L O C A L .................................................................. 2,203 5,169 2,200 2,162 5,147 March 1957 4,960 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - _ Table A- 3 I Indexes of production-worker employment and weekly payrolls in manufacturing Year 1939 .... 1940 ___ 1941 ___ 1942 ___ 1943 .... 1944 ___ 1945 .... 1946___ 1947 .... 1948___ 1949.... 1950.... 1951 .... 195a. ... 1953 .... 195* — 1955 .... 1956.... P r o d u c t i o n - w o ] rker e m p l o y m e n t Production-worker Number Index payroll index (i n t h o u s a n d s ) ( 1 9 4 7 -4 9 = 1 0 0 ) ( 19 47-4 9 = 10 0 ) 8,192 8,811 10,877 12,854 15,014 14,607 12,864 12,105 12,795 12,715 11,597 12,317 13,155 13,144 13,833 12,589 13,053 13,174 66.2 71.2 87.9 103 9 121.4 118.1 104.0 97-9 103.4 102.8 93-8 99-6 106.4 106.3 111.8 101.8 105.5 106.5 29.9 34.0 49.3 72.2 99.0 102.8 87.8 81.2 97.7 105.1 97.2 111.7 129.8 136.6 151.4 137.7 152.5 161.3 Year and month 1956 Mar___ Apr.... May.... June... July... Aug.... Sept... O c t ..• . H o y .. . . Dec.... 1957 Ja n .. . . F e b .... Mar--- P r o d u c t i o n - w o ] "ker e m p l o y m e n t Production-worker Number Index payroll index ( i n t h o u s a n d s ) ( 1 9 4 7 -4 9 = 1 0 0 ) ( 1947-49 » 100 ) 106.1 106.0 105-4 105.7 157.9 158.2 157.3 158.2 12,51* 13,245 13,335 13,439 13,353 13,312 101.2 10 7.1 10 78 108.7 108.0 107.6 151.0 161.4 165.8 168.7 167.7 170.9 13,117 13,079 13,042 106.0 165.1 105.7 105.4 13,125 13,114 13,036 13,078 164.6 163.7 7 Shipyards Table A -4: Employees in Government and private shipyards, by region (In thousands) 1956 1957 Region 1/ M a rc h F e b ru a ry M a rc h 223.4 219 9 205.1 Y A R D S .............................................................................................................................................. 123-7 119.6 102.2 Y A R D S ........................................................................................................................................................ 99-7 100.3 102.9 NORTH ATLANTIC....................................... 94.3 49-7 44.6 92.8 84.5 39.7 44.8 ALL REGIONS................................................... PRIVATE NAVY SOUTH ATLANTIC....................................... 48.0 44.8 38.4 37.7 19.2 19.2 18.2 19.5 15.0 20.1 25.7 25.9 21.6 35.1 GULF: PACIFIC.............................................. 50.8 14.9 35.9 14.2 50.2 52.5 14.5 36.0 38.0 7.9 7.7 6.1 6.3 5.6 5-3 GREAT LAKES: INLAND: 1/ The North Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic in the following States: Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont. The South Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic in the following States: Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia. The Gulf region includes all yards bordering on the Gulf of Mexico in the following States: Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas. The Pacific region includes all yards in California, Oregon, and Washington. The Great Lakes region includes all yards bordering on the Great Lakes in the following States: Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin. The Inland region includes all other yards. 2J Data include Curtis Bay Coast Guard Yard. 8 Government Table A-5: Government civilian employment and Federal military personnel ( In t h o u s a n d s ) Unit of Government TOTAL C IV IL IA N EMPLOYMENT 1/............................... FEDERAL EMPLOYMENT 2 / ........................................... D e p a r t m e n t o f D e f e n s e ................................ P o s t O f f i c e D e p a r t m e n t .............................. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 3 / ..................................... March 1957 7,372 February 1957 7,347 March 19^6 7,122 2,203 2,200 2,162 2,176.4 1,028.7 2,135.8 1,022.9 521.9 625.9 22.0 4.5 2 ,173.3 1 ,031.7 520.4 621.3 21.9 *.5 232.9 232.5 228.7 212.0 211.6 87.5 8.9 115.2 20.2 .7 207.9 88.3 8.6 111.0 20.1 87.4 Post Office D e p a r t m e n t .............................. 8.9 115.7 20.2 •7 STATE AND LOCAL EMPLOYMENT........................... St a t e ........................................................... TOTAL MILITARY PERSONNEL 4 / ........................................... .7 5,147 4,960 1,334.7 3,833.8 1,326.7 3,820.4 1 ,269.2 3,690.9 2 ,388.0 2 ,780.5 2,383.2 2,763.9 2 ,250.1 2 ,710.0 2,820 2,817 2,879 677.6 I98.3 29.3 4.3, 5,169 1 ,001.2 913.4 1/ D a t a r e f e r to C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s o n l y . 2/ D a t a a r e p r e p a r e d b y t h e C i v i l S e r v i c e C o m m i s s i o n . 3 / I n c l u d e s a l l F e d e r a l c i v i l i a n e m p l o y m e n t in W a s h i n g t o n a djac e n t M a r y l a n d and V i r g i n i a counties). 4/ D a t a r e f e r to C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s a n d e l s e w h e r e . 509.4 603.6 2I .9 997.3 915.3 676.4 198.9 2Q.1 Standard Metropolitan Area (District 1 ,064.4 9II .5 674.5 I99.4 29.1 of Columbia and _2_ State Fmployment Table A-6: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division and State (In thousands) TOTAL State Mar. 15 57 734.2 256.5 326.2 733.0 255.7 4,403.1 *55.3 146.5 4,392.3 *52.3 904.9 ltó.l 503 .* 1,139-8 1,141.0 909.9 District of Columbia..... Florida................... 968.0 Illinois.................. 501.8 967.8 438.2 890.0 1 * 9 .7 * 94.9 1 ,058.0 959.1 13*.0 14.2 16.5 6.2 36.6 16.0 16.5 6.2 (fo (2/) 7.5 550.3 545.8 5*5.9 768.5 268.0 869.7 767.3 73*-7 1,822.7 2,353.7 2,364.0 8*3.1 1,815.5 2,401.* 2.6 (2/) I 5 .I 859.5 857.5 8*7 .* 360.5 361.5 1 ,280.0 157.8 3*6 .1 82.1 362.3 1 ,287.0 15*. 2 353-5 I8.3 3.8 8.9 12.6 2.0 158.3 348.9 83 .I - 271.6 863.2 1 ,817.0 - 268.7 81.2 *.9 29.6 10.7 3 .1 18.2 39.3 45 .6 .5 5.0 Nev Hampshire............ 179.3 179.6 177.8 .1 New Jersey............... 1,903.5 199.O 5,987.8 1 ,081.3 1,893.7 1,884.2 196.8 187.6 *.7 I6.5 9.8 4.1 Nev York.................. North Carolina........... North Dakota............. Oregon.................... 111.2 3 ,129.6 566.6 466.0 3,693.0 283.3 531.6 120.9 851.6 Utah...................... 566.7 464.0 3,686.3 282.6 531.8 121.1 8*7 .7 30.1 10.3 3.0 18.2 39.5 45.6 .5 6.4 37.6 15.9 io m *0 .7 19.8 14.3 268.6 28.0 *3.5 11.9 (2/) 7 .5 4.9 4.8 29.8 10.9 2.9 19.1 39.7 1 7.3 107.9 50.7 6.9 181.6 62.1 31.6 32.3 - 42.8 .4 66.8 2.6 (2/) I 5.2 2.6 (2/) I 5.5 63.0 68.7 18.1 I6.9 3.5 40.8 13.7 3.8 8.6 12.8 1.9 5.1 .2 8.6 12.1 2 .1 5.1 .2 9.8 99.8 68.2 8.7 18.2 6.8 7.0 1957 Feb. 41.2 20.1 13.5 272.2 28.0 42.8 II .9 16.9 37.2 - 65.1 10.0 60.6 65.8 99.3 40.8 42.5 19.1 8.4 6.4 6.8 98.4 92.8 15.3 1^.5 221.6 50.9 1 .1 9I .3 (2/) 20.9 157.7 16.2 21.3 148.9 14.7 2.6 1.3 120.1 2.6 1 .1 91.5 (2/) 1.2 131.8 9.1 I 3I .7 I 5.7 1.4 9*4.3 739.9 486.0 1,110.4 80.4 68.0 102.0 16.8 1.0 90.1 (2/) 223.2 102.0 - 53.0 8.9 64.4 15.2 68 .7 *65.1 3,669.3 295.2 533.6 227.8 102.1 50.5 7.0 166 .O 13.9 65.6 5.6 1^7.3 34.1 1.3 16.2 30.4 5.7 15^.3 3^.8 3,127.3 569.5 16.7 68.4 29.7 4.1 51.5 28.1 43.0 58.5 15.8 10.8 23^.3 14.7 272.4 30.1 6.6 173.1 4.6 4.1 3^.3 19 .O IOO .9 16.2 9.6 4.1 1956 Mar. IO 9.3 50.I 1.6 21.9 52.8 229.4 102.1 82.1 5.0 15.9 15.3 Mar. 1.6 22.0 50.0 2,437.* 985.8 76I .8 *83.9 1 ,120.9 (2/) 7.5 Contract construction 1956 Mar. 1.6 22.0 50.4 853.5 2,367.2 See footnotes at end of table. 110.3 3,124.2 5,977-2 1 ,082.9 108.9 2,444.5 990.6 775.* 487.8 1 ,122.9 83 .I 10 5,952.3 1 ,082.2 36.7 16.0 (¡/) (1 /) b -9 3,*64.0 1,412.3 638.2 Feb. 14.2 137.* 3,*70.3 1,393.2 644.1 1,288.3 Nebraska.................. 321.6 717.0 238.3 325 .O 4 ,212.4 Mar. 1957 137-6 3,481.9 1,399-9 648.3 - Maryland.................. Feb. Mining 1956 Mar. 26.8 7.3 7.8 7.2 92.7 14.4 215.8 55.8 4.8 142.0 33.6 20.6 163.4 15.2 27.9 6.0 27.5 7.2 38.7 6.7 37.6 129.8 163.3 163.8 155.5 I 5.9 1.4 I 5.5 1.4 13.4 3.6 12.8 13 .O 18.9 18.7 2.2 17.1 72.8 70.1 81.5 81.7 3.7 8.5 80.9 3 .7 8.2 8.7 2.3 3.9 8.4 2.4 9.0 2.4 40.2 23.3 5O.O 5.5 3.5 37.5 21.2 5O .2 5.1 40.5 3 -h 60.I 38.8 19.3 48.9 M Table A-6: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division and State - Continued (in thousands) State Manufacturing 1956 1957 Mar. Feb. Mar. 1,222.7 436.5 59-2 436.5 59-2 72.2 16.4 163.5 331-7 Georgia....................... 23.9 Illinois...................... 1 ,282.1 609.1 Indiana....................... 168.8 Kansas........................ Kentucky...................... Maine......................... Maryland...................... I28.lt 166.9 11*6.7 103.3 274.7 704.6 Michigan...................... 1 ,066.1 Minnesota..................... Mississippi.................. Montana....................... New Hampshire................ Virginia...................... West Virginia................ Wisconsin..................... Wyoming....................... 16.4 165.1 332.0 24.2 1,284.9 609.9 167.7 127.8 168.2 147.7 107.0 275.4 707.8 1,080.4 815.8 818.0 19.6 1 ,911.2 Ohio.......................... 1,360.7 Oklahoma...................... 89.1 Utah.......................... 72.2 217.3 107.4 393.2 6.2 Rhode Island................. South Carolina............... South Dakota.................. Tennessee..................... Texas......................... 85.6 217.9 106.4 395-6 19.5 55-6 5.7 83.6 New Mexico.................... 19.5 New York...................... 1 ,912.0 464.9 Oregon........................ 243.1 38.3 243.7 38.0 86.4 1 ,229.6 126.1 19.4 55.3 5.6 84.1 467.3 6.1 1 ,369.8 89-7 125.1 1,480.2 1,486.4 119.9 228.2 11.2 121.2 294.8 484.6 34.2 37.8 257.8 213.3 125.6 457.7 5.9 229.4 ll.fi 293.5 483.8 33.8 38.1 258.7 208.3 125.7 457.9 5.9 242.7 34.9 89.9 1 ,155.6 67.4 433.6 59.9 Transportation and public utilities 1956 fteb. tfar. wir. 50.0 21.4 28.3 359.2 44.2 45.2 49.8 21.6 28.3 357.7 44.2 *5-3 11.0 10.6 16.0 151.4 334.4 23.4 1 ,297.6 623.1 167.9 29.2 94.0 73.7 15 .* 303.9 101.4 52.6 29.1 93.8 73.3 15.5 303.3 101.4 53.1 122.8 61.1 60.8 170.4 145.8 105.9 264.0 55.8 85.5 20.6 79.1 101.2 726.8 298.0 176.1 63.1 132.3 133.6 55.2 296.6 174.8 131.5 134.7 216.2 34.2 735.5 295.6 175.* 132.6 212.3 88.3 319.3 39.0 96.8 16.7 98.1 17.0 32.1 125.5 20.6 38.5 8.9 10.4 150.0 19.8 494.6 62.8 12.7 217.2 20.7 40.5 9.1 10.6 151.3 19.1 *99.* 62.4 12.9 342.1 43.8 1 ,296.5 223.7 37.3 298.4 46.7 311.1 15.3 25.5 9.5 58.4 467.5 229.8 58.6 229.2 32.7 38.7 21.7 8.0 21.6 8.0 89.7 87.6 51.6 72.6 12.6 75.0 13.3 48.2 222.0 50.1 46.7 310.4 15.5 *7.5 315.3 15.9 26.7 9.6 64.4 86.7 305.9 39.7 97.2 17.0 32.8 133.2 1,472.3 130.4 233.0 11.3 12.7 34.9 725.9 89.3 322.9 211.8 86.1 62.8 12.7 218.6 90.3 65.3 51.* 73 .6 214.9 212.2 25.4 124.9 1,930.4 466.4 6.3 1,378.5 90.7 194.1 129.9 463.4 5.9 35-2 88.6 347.0 83.8 25.2 252.8 215.1 28.9 119.2 150.6 84.8 40.2 88.8 347.5 121.8 155.4 78.0 941.8 117.9 152.4 27.5 149.0 25.2 125.6 20.5 38.6 8.9 *99-9 124.0 158.1 28.9 78.0 976.3 150.4 59.* 54.2 183.9 378.6 455.0 78.0 120.2 84.9 19.6 62.1 5^.3 185.5 380.4 **55.7 20.7 211.6 107.0 391.6 19.5 58.0 5.7 82.9 153.3 29.0 88.4 72.9 15 A 305.2 152.2 62.8 79.3 975.6 183.6 86.0 121.2 149.1 818.9 18.7 28.9 346.2 44.2 44.6 11.4 152.2 57.2 83.7 21.3 76.5 55.* 717.4 1 ,102.3 10.4 50.1 19.8 Wholesale and retail trade 1957 1956 Feb. Mar. Mar. 25.8 9.7 59.3 227.9 21.5 7.9 62.5 51.0 610.1 137.3 112.6 693.0 52.8 107.5 37.8 197.0 656.7 53.4 19.5 228.5 175.8 88.6 240.3 18.6 182.7 305.2 39.4 32.5 34o .o 43.3 1 ,289.4 222.9 36.9 607.1 138.0 112.3 131.4 178.5 54.4 179.* 375.0 474.2 341.4 41.9 1,320.5 225 .O 36.6 613.4 141.9 113.3 693.7 53.2 692.9 106.7 106.2 38.6 37-9 195.7 55.1 654.2 197.1 637.2 53.2 19.5 52.3 19.3 228.3 216.0 174.3 173.1 87.9 234.6 17.5 87.1 241.5 18.0 See footnotes at end of table. 42 6 5 8 7 O - 57 r- 4 11 State Employment Table A-6: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division and State - Continued State Arizona....................... Arkansas...................... California.................... Colorado...................... Connecticut................... District of Columbia ¿ / .... Florida....................... Idaho......................... Illinois...................... Indiana....................... Kansas........................ Maine......................... Maryland ................... Massachusetts................ Michigan...................... Minnesota..................... (In thousand») Finance, insurance, Service and and real estate miscellaneous 1956 1956 1957 1957 Mar. _ Feb. Mar. Mar. Feb. Mar. 28.1 10.1 10.1 216.5 21.1 49.2 5.^ New Hampshire................ flev Jersey.................... New Mexico.................... New York...................... North Dakota................. Ohio.......................... Oklahoma...................... 175.8 174.8 51.2 30.2 51.0 30.1 20.1 20.2 20.0 20.1 27-8 8.6 b.7 27.7 8.6 40.0 94.1 77.7 / 42.5 h.7 39.6 93.8 28.6 19.5 19.9 26.5 8.2 38.6 18.3 4i 4.5 111.3 75.0 69.1 167.2 18.3 412.6 109.9 74.6 13.8 93.0 17.3 401.4 109.9 73.5 59.5 59.3 69.1 87.2 26.1 57.5 68.5 87.0 26.0 66.9 82.7 26.0 105.3 99.3 39.2 157.4 79.7 6.4 442.1 33.1 4.8 203.2 202.2 193.6 6.9 444.6 35.3 5.0 22.3 819.3 102.6 22.6 100.8 21.9 23.7 822.4 96.7 15.9 18.4 134.8 12.6 18.2 58.4 132.9 418.7 2.4 15.4 9.5 3.5 42.0 33-h 12.2 40.5 2.3 20.1 12.2 15.2 5.2 29.9 107.7 9-b 4l.4 33.0 12.0 39.0 2.3 20.7 ^5.9 24.3 824.8 96.8 16.0 298.0 62.4 30.3 42.7 17.2 91.5 291.2 25.5 12.3 105.1 90.5 44.1 117.4 10.0 296.0 62.1 57.5 415.8 29.5 42.5 17.1 153.1 20.2 46.0 19.8 18.6 96.8 15.3 297.6 62.2 55.7 403.2 30.4 42.5 138.2 53.5 62.3 729.7 90.9 256.3 177.5 158.2 28.3 367.6 155.9 111.2 255.7 176.9 365.6 155.6 110.9 98.4 103.7 103.0 125.4 44.8 83.0 15.9 158.6 28.2 97.8 125.4 44.6 125.3 1956 Mar. 132.5 49.4 59.9 697.9 88.0 79.8 15.2 251.0 165.4 149.0 27.3 35^.9 15^.0 105.0 94.1 99.7 121.7 43.6 122.4 226.0 265.2 223.2 137.4 74.4 163.4 136.9 74.8 30.8 70.6 15.8 20.8 30.9 70.3 15.7 20.9 134.0 73.3 157.1 29.9 162.5 69.6 14.3 20.4 204.5 53.0 763.7 142.0 758.9 142.2 26.6 362.4 121.7 738.8 139.3 26.6 362.2 122.0 351.1 81.7 81.6 77.5 397.8 36.0 407.3 36.1 204.8 259.2 52.8 405.0 35.9 202.5 49.0 26.6 116.3 83.5 30.5 131.5 374.3 83.0 81.8 30.9 130.7 372.4 126.9 12.1 56.0 16.1 99.3 16.0 175.1 44.2 113.1 9.8 174.6 153.2 139.2 19.7 138.2 19.7 16.7 91.6 289.^ 92.4 284.1 25.3 12.3 24.5 103.7 88.5 ^3.5 116.3 10.0 138.9 53.9 62.7 732.1 91.2 83.2 15.9 105.1 38.8 21.5 18.5 20.6 63.7 5.5 Feb. 125.5 227.1 266.9 2.4 5.8 5.8 Mar. 95.2 223.3 223.3 39.2 156.2 20.5 ^ 5.9 21.3 18.6 9.4 3.5 40.8 2.3 4.6 173.5 ^9.3 93.8 70.6 184.5 94.0 105.6 31.0 112.8 12.2 38.2 70.9 41.2 5.1 30.9 112.9 42.1 33.8 185.0 10.8 81.3 South Dakota......... ........ 24.3 5^.3 42.4 ll.l 81.5 12.7 5.2 64.5 31.1 37.3 5^9.5 56.3 90.5 226.6 223.2 6.1 15.^ 5.1 58.6 9^.3 14.2 66.2 33.6 37.6 580.4 58.4 93.1 14.3 89.4 7^.5 6.1 18.6 66.4 34.0 38.9 584.9 77-h 63.2 7.0 446.8 35.5 5.0 103.4 22.7 26.6 9.^ 9.9 211.4 20.4 46.2 97.8 224.8 222.4 63.3 5.8 20.7 2.4 13^.9 West Virginia................ 48.7 5.3 24.5 56.9 40.0 Oregon........................ Pennsylvania................. Rhode Island................. Utah.......................... 216.6 20.8 24.5 56.9 39.9 11.1 Montana....................... 28.1 10.0 10.1 uovvrimeni 1057 85.2 154.1 61.1 55.8 60.9 30.4 357.5 5^.3 16.0 170.0 150.8 60.8 132.7 18.5 1/ Mining combined with construction. 2/ Mining combined with service. 3/ Federal employment in Maryland and Virginia portions of Washington, D. C., metropolitan area included in data for District of Columbia. 12 ... Area Employment Table A-7: Employees in nonagricultural establishments for selected areas, by industry division Area and industry division ALABAMA Birmingham Total........ Mining.................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... (In thousands) Number of employees Area and industry 1956 1957 division Mar. Feb. Mar. Los Angeles-Long Beach 13.0 207.3 9.6 12.9 69.7 16.7 46.6 69.2 16.6 46.7 10.9 65.3 16.4 47.4 12.0 21.9 18.6 12.0 21.8 18.6 11.6 21.6 18.0 89.2 88.5 87.2 4.9 19.4 19.2 207.9 9.6 202.1 11.1 Contract construction... M&nufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Finance................ Service................. Government............. Contract construction... 10.8 18.5 3.7 Q 6 3.7 9 4 22.8 22.8 3.7 9.2 21.7 I29.5 Government............. Tucson Total.••................ Mining.................. Contract construction..• Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util...• Trade«......... ....... Service...... ......... . ARKANSAS Little BoekV. Little Rock Total................... Contract construction..♦ Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade Government.............. 5.0 18.4 10.5 10.8 18.2 Trans. and pub. util.... Trade......... .......... Finance,. ............ Service lJ ......... . Government............. 4.8 .2 10.7 22.8 9.9 36.1 7.0 17.8 25.0 18.2 128.9 .2 10.7 22.7 9.9 36.2 6.9 17.5 24.8 55.1 2.3 3.8 9.0 5.2 55.6 2.3 4.1 9.5 5.2 13.0 1.8 12.8 1 .7 10.8 10.8 9.2 9.2 118.1 .2 9.9 20.0 8.8 34.0 6.5 l6.1 22.6 51.8 2.1 4.3 8.9 1.6 69.3 3.4 11.9 7.7 17.9 4.8 236.0 235.6 131.6 132.4 .5 8.8 Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Finance................. Service................. Government............. San BernardinoRiverside-Ontario Manufacturing.......... 8.1 15.4 12.5 26.4 5.4 11 7 51.7 10.1 10.1 13.7 13.7 4.7 9.8 13.0 13.6 13.9 13.9 102.7 286.7 223.6 15.1 12.6 26.6 5.2 11 7 124.8 .5 8.4 12.2 12.3 25.6 5.0 11.0 49.8 27.8 27.6 27.3 223.0 .2 222.0 .2 198.3 Contract construction... Manufacturing........... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... Government.............. 14.5 .2 13.2 52.8 ' 45.5 9.9 11.3 43.7 8.9 44.9 44.8 43.2 934.8 1.9 932.9 1.9 915.5 1.7 *1 60.4 l8*S.7 AU/. I 14.4 70.7 11.7 45.5 10.0 25.6 69.7 11.6 25.8 25.0 San Franc iso-Oakland Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... 53.5 54.9 192.? 191.1 110.1 212.0 109.8 211.1 66.1 119.4 178.6 105.4 207.6 63.4 116.4 174.9 San Jose Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... 126.0 .1 122.7 9.1 39.5 8.3 9.4 37.0 26.8 5.8 17.5 CALIFORNIA Fresno 130.2 731.7 132.5 451.0 San Diego 7.9 18.3 304.2 2,073.7 15*3 51.9 71.9 5.4 13.0 15.4 124.9 772.4 139.3 467.8 109.5 306.3 65.5 120.5 179.0 69.7 3.6 11.9 7.8 17.9 4.8 2 ,169.1 110.7 .4 5.1 12.4 7.8 1•w 9.6 2,175.3 15.5 125.5 773.7 139.9 467.7 Sacramento Mobile ARIZONA Phoenix Total................... Mining.................. Contract construction..• Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Trade................... Finance................. Number of employees 1956 ... 19i>7 Mar. Feb. Mar. 18.9 .1 8.2 26.2 5.7 17.5 18.6 112.8 .1 10.1 31.4 8.0 23.9 5.5 15.8 18.0 See footnotes at end of table. 13 Arca Employment Table A-7: Employees in nonagricultural establishments for selected areas, by industry division - Continued Area and industry division CALIFOHIIA-Continued Stockton Manufacturing. COLORADO Denver Total................ Mining•••••••••••••••! Contract construction. Manufacturing....... , Trans, ani puh. util. Trade................. Finance............... Service............... Government.......... . COWffiCTICUT Bridgeport Total................... Contract construction l/ Manufacturing........... Trans• ami pub. util.... Trade.... .......... . Finance................. Service................ Government.............. Hartford Total................... Contract construction l/ Manufacturing........... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... Finance................. Service................. Government............. lev Britain Total................... Contract construction l/ Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub, util.... Trade................... Finance................. Service................. Government.............. (in thousands) Number of employees Area and industry 1957 division Fob. Mar. Mar. 10.4 270.1 2.7 18.6 50.0 29.2 77.0 15.6 34.2 42.8 125.3 5.5 73.6 5.9 19.9 2.8 9.8 7.9 269.2 2.8 18.5 49.9 29.2 76.4 15.4 34.3 42.7 125.4 5.1 74.3 6.0 19.6 2.8 10.3 257.6 2.9 18.3 45.1 28.5 72.8 14.9 34.0 41.1 123.7 5.4 72.3 5.9 19.8 2.8 9.7 7.9 9.7 7.8 214.2 9.2 212.1 83.2 81.5 8.9 203.7 9.0 77.1 8.3 42.1 8.9 44.0 29.1 21.3 18.5 42.5 1.3 27.6 2.1 5.6 .7 2.8 2.4 lev Haven 125.0 Total. Contract construction l/ 7.3 Manufacturing.......... 47.5 12.6 Trans, and pub. util.... Traded.................. 23.5 Finance................. 6.9 18.0 Service................. Government.............. 9.3 See footnotes at end of table. iu 10.1 9.1 43.8 29.1 21.3 18.5 28.2 21.0 18.1 42.7 44.0 1.2 1.2 27.9 29.1 5.6 •7 5.7 .7 2 .1 2 .1 2.8 2.8 124.8 7.2 47.5 122.8 6.8 2.4 2.4 23.5 46.7 12.7 23.3 17.9 9.3 9.1 12.6 6.8 6.6 17.6 Stamford Total.............. Contract construction 1 J Manufacturing...... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade............... Finance............ Service............ Government......... Waterbury Total............... Contract construction 1/ Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... Finance................. Service................. Government.............. HKLAVAEE Wilmington Total................... Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... Finance................. Service 1 / .............. Government.............. DISTRICT OF COLOMBIA Washington Total................... Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... Finance................. Service 1 / .............. Government.............. FLORIDA Jacksonville Total................... Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... Finance................. Service 1/.............. Government.............. Miami Total................... Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Mar. 53.4 4.1 19*57 1956 Feb. Mar. 51.8 3.0 52.7 4.1 21.5 3.0 10.8 1.8 8.2 10.6 1.8 8.0 3.8 7.8 3.7 65.3 65.3 66.1 39.9 2.7 39.9 2.7 21.8 3.8 1.8 1.8 10.2 10.1 129.6 10.8 58.6 128.6 1.4 4.4 4.9 9.8 22.9 4.9 11.5 11.1 651.4 39.1 27.7 43.5 133.5 35.1 98 .O 274.5 130.4 9.2 19.4 15.1 39.7 10.7 16.6 19.9 286.9 22.9 35.9 35.9 1.4 4.4 5.0 10.5 58.2 9.5 22.9 4.9 11.6 11.0 648.2 38.1 27.7 43.2 132.9 35.1 97.3 273.9 130.6 9.2 19.5 15.2 39.7 10.7 16.6 19.8 287.1 22.9 35.7 35.7 4.0 21.1 3.0 10.4 1.8 1.9 41.1 2.7 9.8 1.4 4.3 5.0 133.1 14.5 59.6 10.3 22.0 4.6 11.3 10.8 639.1 40.2 26.7 43.0 131.8 34.7 94.2 268.5 125.1 9.0 18.9 14.6 37.4 10.2 16.0 19.1 265.7 22.4 34.0 32.6 A r c j Fmplovmcnt Table A-7: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, for selected areas, by industry division - Continued (In thousands) Number of employees Area and industry 1957 195b division Mar. I Feb. Mar. Peoria Area and industry division FLORIDA-Continued Miami-Continued 86.6 15.6 62.0 28.1 Government............ . Tampa-St. Petersburg Total Contract construction.•. 162.8 18.0 28.5 12.1 52.6 8.0 Trans, and pub. util.,.. Trade................... 24.4 I 9.2 Service 1/............. GEORGIA Atlanta Total................... Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... 341.3 I7 .5 89.5 34.7 89.5 24.3 43.2 42.6 Service 1/ ............. Government........... . Savannah Total................... Contract construction... Manufacturing.•••••••••• Trans, and pub. util.... 55.2 3.7 I 5.7 6.6 12.8 2.0 7.2 7.2 86.4 15.4 63.1 28 .O 162.8 17.7 28.6 12.0 52.9 8.0 24.5 19.2 340.8 17.1 89.5 34.6 89.2 24.4 43.1 42.9 54.3 3.6 15 .O 6.4 12.8 2.0 IOO .5 4.5 47.^ 7.1 100.0 4.2 47.2 7.1 4.5 46.6 7.0 21.1 21.1 Service 1/.............. Government 3.5 9.1 7.8 3.5 9.0 7.8 3.5 9.1 7.6 18.2 Rockford Total Contract construction l/ Manufacturing. Trans. and pub. util.... 74.8 3.3 42.9 2.7 74.6 3.4 43.4 2.7 335.7 Finance................. Service................. Government 74.8 3.3 43 .I 2.7 12.4 2.5 6.7 4.1 71.5 1.7 68.4 80.3 14.4 56.1 26 .I 154.2 16 .O 26.4 11.9 51 .I 7.6 23.3 18.9 87.7 33.6 89.9 23.4 41.8 40.4 53.7 3.3 14.6 6.5 13.1 2.0 7.4 7.1 7.2 7.0 21.4 1-5 1.9 2.5 6.4 1.4 3.2 4.5 20.6 1.6 1.8 2,620.7 3.6 2 ,618.1 2 ,601.1 125.8 122.1 222.1 1,036.9 222.4 542.0 142.7 Service 1/...... ....... IDAHO Boise Total................... Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Trade•••••••••••••••..•• 21.5 1.5 1.9 2.6 6.4 1.4 3.2 4.5 ILLINOIS Chicago 2.3 6.3 1.3 3.1 4.2 Contract construction... Matiiifw r]|gt .......... Trans. and pub. util.... Trade INDIANA Evansville Total................... 1,033.4 Trans• and pub. util.... Trade................. yinance Sarvice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 541.7 143.3 322.O 228.9 3.5 321.4 227.2 3.5 II 9.2 1,035.3 225 .O 540.6 142.2 3IO.I 225.2 21.1 12.6 2.6 6.7 4.1 72.5 1.7 4.0 Contract construction... Manuf ac tur lng.......... Trans. and pub. util.... 32.8 Finance Service 2 /.............. 2.2 12.5 4.8 14.5 3.9 32.5 4.8 14.3 2.2 12.1 Fort Wayne Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... 17.4 F inance............... .. Indianapolis Total................... Contract construction... Manufacturing........ Trans. and pub. util.... Service 2/.............. Contract construction... Number of exmDloyees .. 1557... 195t Mar. Feb. Mar. 79.3 2.9 35.2 7.7 3.8 12.3 29I.O 12.7 108.1 23 .I 65.4 17.6 64.1 79.8 2.7 36 .O 7.7 17.4 3.8 12.2 288.7 12.2 IO7 .7 22.9 65.O 17.6 63.3 99.4 12.2 2.4 6.6 3.9 1.6 3.6 28.8 5.0 14.9 2.2 12.3 84.2 3.4 39.3 7.5 18.5 3.5 12.0 286.7 11.5 109.4 22.6 63.8 I7.2 62.1 South Bend Contract construction... Trans, and pub. util.... Finance................. Service ¿ / .............. 83.7 2.7 43.0 4.9 15.1 3.6 14.4 83.1 2.6 43.0 4.9 14.9 3.5 14.2 83.7 2.9 43.6 4.7 I5.2 3.4 I 3.9 See footnotes at end of table. 15 Area Employment Table A -7: Employees in nonagricultural establishments for selected areas, by industry division - Continued Area and Industry division IOWA Des Moines 4/ Total................... Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... (In thousands) Number of employees Area and Industry 1956 1957 division Mar. Feb. Mar. Nev Orleans 100.9 4.7 24.9 7.6 100.2 26.8 26.7 10.3 12.9 13.8 4.6 24.7 7.6 10.3 12.9 13.6 96.0 4.3 23.1 7.5 Contract construction... Trans, and pub. util.... 26.1 10.2 12.4 12.5 Government............. Number of employees 1956 1957 Mar. Feb. Mar. 275.1 3^.5 287.1 7.0 20.9 50.3 46.1 73.2 14.0 41.2 34.6 28.3 28.5 28.8 1.0 16.2 285.7 7.0 20.3 50.0 46.2 73.0 14.0 40.9 6.1 18.0 49.7 44.4 70.2 13.5 39.3 34.1 MAINE Leviston KAXSAS Topeka Total................... Mining.................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Government.............. 47.3 .2 3*3 5.9 7.3 9.7 2.5 5.9 12.6 46.9 .2 3.0 5.9 7.3 9.6 2.5 5.9 12.6 Wichita Total................... 130.1 Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... 1.9 7.1 59.0 7.2 127.9 1.9 6.7 57.6 7.2 26.0 25.8 4.8 12.6 11.7 4.8 12.5 11.6 47.7 .2 3.3 6.3 7.5 9.6 2.4 5.9 12.6 120.6 1.9 7.6 51.4 7.4 25.5 4.8 11.9 10.4 Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Ssrvlce ............. Contract construction... Trans. and pub. util.... Finance................. Contract construction... Trans, and pub. util.... Service l / .............. 10.2 10.2 25.3 25.3 23.1 23.2 LOUISIANA Baton Rouge Total................... Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... ( l/) (2 /) (1 /) d/) (2/> (5/) (5/) See footnotes at end of table. 13.2 102.1 22.8 10.1 24.8 23.4 (5/) (1 /) (1 /) (2/) (5/> (5/) (5/) (5/) (5/) 4.1 12.6 2.1 5.9 11.3 52.0 51.7 3.2 51.8 12.6 12.8 3.3 12.7 6.3 14.4 3.6 7.9 3.8 .9 41.2 211.4 59.9 67.1 73.8 MASSACHUSETTS Boston Contract construction... 61.4 .4 6.1 18.9 .8 .9 5.3 .7 3A 1.3 3.4 1.4 121.2 30.6 252.7 56.1 5.4 3.4 1.3 606.1 Trans. and pub. util.... (2 / } (¿/) 16 247.9 12.5 97.7 23.5 55.8 15.6 1.0 3.0 6.4 14.4 3.5 7.9 3.7 6.5 14.6 3.4 7.9 3.6 601.4 .9 39.7 211.7 58.7 120.3 30.3 584.0 .9 41.5 201.9 MARYLAND Baltimore Trans. and pub. util.... 248.6 13.1 97.9 23.4 55.4 1.0 5.4 .8 .9 Portland Contract construction... KENTUCKY Louisville .9 15.5 1,009.2 41.2 297.0 75.4 244.1 70.9 73.3 999.9 38.4 296.6 74.5 240.8 129.4 70.8 150.2 128.6 46.0 25.7 26.6 151.2 Fall River 66.5 58.0 117.4 29.4 64.2 70.7 987.0 38.5 294.5 76.3 233.7 66.9 147.7 129.4 4/ Trans, and pub. util.... 2.6 8.2 46.9 2.7 8.1 47.9 27.6 2.7 8.3 Area Employment Table A -7: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, for selected areas, by industry division - Continued Area and industry division MASSACHUSETTS-Cont inued Fall River 4/-Continued Government............ Other nonmanufacturlog. I w Bedford k/ Total................ Contract construction Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade................ Government.......... Other nonmanufacturing Springfield -Holyoke Total.................. Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans. and pub. util... Trade.................. Finance............... Service l/............ Government............ Worcester Total.................. Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans. and pub. util... Trade.................. Finance................ Service 1 / ............ Government............ (In thousands) Number of employees Area and industry 1956 1957 division Mar. Mar. Feb. 3.1 6.2 50.1 1.1 Grand Rapids Manufacturing...... 50.0 1.2 28.5 28.4 8.3 3.7 5*9 3.7 5.9 2.6 164.7 6.1 74.4 8.5 33.9 7.1 17.2 17.5 2.6 8.2 17.0 17.6 20.8 82.9 53.4 1.3 29.5 2.3 8.3 3.7 5.9 17.0 17.3 20.8 11.6 11.6 51.0 161 .I 109.4 3.8 50.9 5.8 5.0 3.1 5.8 164.2 5.6 75.1 8.5 33.7 7.0 109.9 4.0 51.1 5.8 MICHIGAN Detroit Total................... 1 ,267.6 .8 Mining.................. Contract construction..• 52.9 586.3 Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... 79.5 245.8 Trade................... 48.5 Finance................. 133.3 Service................. 120.6 Government............. Flint Manufacturing...... 3.1 6.2 4.9 11.6 11.6 6.4 72.2 8.5 32.4 7.0 109.9 3.7 52.8 5.7 20.7 4.6 11.3 11.1 1 ,271.5 1,287.3 119.8 57.4 597.5 79.5 255.7 48.0 131.4 117.1 86.1 88.4 .9 52.7 592.1 79.8 244.5 48.6 133.1 55.9 .8 56.0 Lansing Manufacturing...... 29.7 29.7 32.2 Muskegon Manufacturing..... 26.7 26.7 29.2 Saginav 25.6 Manufacturing...... See footnotes at end of table. 25.9 27.8 MINNESOTA Duluth Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade.......... ...... Finance.............. Service 1 / ........... Government........... Minneapolis-St. Paul Total................. Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service 1/........... Government........... MISSISSIPPI Jackson Total................ Miming............... Contract construction. Manufacturing.^. Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government........... MISSOURI Kansas City Total................ Mining............... Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government........... St. Louis Total................ Mining............... Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government........... MONTANA Great Falls Total................ Contract construction. Number of employees 1956 1957 liar. Mar. Feb. 41.0 10.7 5.3 40.9 2.4 10.9 5.3 6.4 4.1 6.4 4.1 2.6 10.0 1.8 489.0 23.5 147.2 49.4 119.0 31.3 59.3 59.4 10.0 1.8 488.5 23.4 146.7 49.4 119.6 31.2 39.8 1.9 10.3 5.4 10.2 1.7 6.2 4.1 481.4 24.7 141.7 50.2 118.8 30.3 58.9 59.2 58.0 56 .O .8 55.7 55.8 3.5 4.5 3.5 10.4 4.5 3.6 7.5 3.6 7.5 .8 57.6 .8 15.0 15.0 10.6 10.6 4.1 10.3 4.5 15.1 3.5 7.4 10.3 345.5 347.3 10.6 (1 / ) (1 / ) (1 / ) .8 18.2 96.0 Ü/) (5/) (2 /) (5/) (2 /) (2 /) 40.4 32.8 722.7 2.5 718.5 2.5 39.4 280.0 68.1 151.2 35.7 82.4 63.4 19.1 1.2 43.4 93.1 20.8 36.8 278.9 68.1 150.9 35.5 82.3 63.5 18.7 1.1 .8 19.3 95.7 44.9 93.9 20.9 40.3 31.5 723.6 2.7 40.5 275.6 68.3 156.3 36.2 82.0 62.0 18.2 1.2 17 Area Employment Table A -7: Employees in nonagricultural establishments for selected areas, by industry division - Continued Area and industry division MONTANA-Continued Great Falla-Continued Maaufaoturlag.............. Trans, and pub. u til. Trad«........................... Service 6 / ................... Government................... NEBRASKA Omaha Total.................................. Contract construction... Manufacturing................... Trans, and pub. u t i l . .. . Trade.. . ............................. Finance............................... Service 1 / ......................... Government......................... NEVADA Reno Total.................................. Contract construction... Manufacturing l / .............. Trans, and pub. util»*»* Trade.................................. Finance............................... Service............................... Government......................... NSW HAMPSHIRE Manchester Total................................. Contract construction... Manufacturing................... Trans, and pub. u t i l .. . . Trade.................................. Finance........................... Service.............................. Government......................... NSW JERSEY Newark-Jersey City jJ Total.................................. Mining................................ Contract construction.. . Manufacturing................... Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . . Trade................................. Finance.............................. Service........ ..................... Government......................... (In thousands) Number of employees Area and industry J2 2 L .1236 division Feb. Mar. Mar, 3*1 2.3 6.2 3*8 2.5 148.5 7.6 147.6 7.2 32.2 22.2 38.1 12.6 20.2 15.8 32.0 22.1 25.7 2.3 1.7 3.2 6.5 1 .1 6.8 4.1 37.9 12.6 20.1 15.7 1 .1 6.6 5»9 3.7 4.0 2.7 8.2 2.0 830.4 826.1 .2 23.8 86.2 46.9 83*9 82.2 15.4 6.2 4.5 3.0 141.6 12.2 20.2 1.1 4.5 3.0 24.6 364.8 7.8 32.7 23*3 3Ô.5 3*2 1.6 19.0 .2 150.0 3.2 6.4 1.6 19*0 8.2 2 .1 2.3 5*9 3*6 2.4 24.0 2.1 2.2 1.6 41.1 2.7 2.8 25.1 41.1 Paterson jJ Total.................................. 390.6 Mining................................ 2.0 Contract construction... 22.3 Manufacturing................... 183.3 Trans, and pub. u t i l . .. . 24.9 Trade.................................. 66.2 See footnotes at end of table. 1 Sl 3*1 2.4 5*9 3*7 2.5 364.7 82.4 141.6 47.0 83.9 82.5 390.9 1*9 21.9 184.8 24.7 66.1 1.8 41.3 1*7 19.6 2.7 8.0 1*9 4.5 2.9 824.0 .2 25*9 363.6 84.5 142.6 45*9 80.7 80.6 387*4 1.8 20.1 186.4 23.8 66.0 Paterson ^/-Continued Finance......................... Service......................... Government.......... Perth Amboy j / T o t a l .......................... Mining............................. Contract construction. Manufacturing............... Trans, and pub. u t il.. Trade....................... .. Finance........................... Service........................... Government..................... Trenton Total............................... Mining............................. Contract construction. Manufacturing............... Trans, and pub. u t il.. Trade............................... Finance........................... Service............... ........... Government................... HEW MEXICO Albuquerque Total................................ Contract construction.. Manufacturing................. Trans, and pub. u t i l ... Trade................................. Finance......................... Service j / . . . . ............. Government....................... NEW YORK Albany-Schenectady-Troy Total................................ Contract construction.. Manufacturing................. Trans, and pub. u t i l ... Trade................................ Finance............................. Service ij....................... Government....................... Binghamton Total................................ Contract construction., Manufacturing................. Trans, and pub. u t i l ... Trade................................ Finance..................... Service 1 / ..................... Government....................... Number of employees 1956 10*57 Mar. Feb. Mar. 11.6 38.2 42.0 11*7 37*8 42.0 36.5 41.2 160.1 .8 158.5 .7 155.3 .7 11*7 7.6 84.7 9*2 22.9 2.5 10.3 6.8 84.3 9.2 22.1 22.6 2.5 10.2 22.2 100.2 .1 100.6 .1 3.9 40.7 6.8 16.5 3.4 12.5 16.3 64.0 4.6 10.5 5»7 16.6 3.4 8.4 14.8 204.5 6.8 72.8 16.5 39.7 7.2 21.7 39*8 6.8 82.5 9.0 22.3 2.5 9*7 21.8 99*1 .1 3.8 41.5 3*3 41.1 16.3 3.3 12.3 16.5 3*2 11.4 63.2 60.0 6.8 6.8 17.0 16.2 4.5 10.5 5.7 16.5 3.4 7*9 14.7 4.8 9.9 5.6 15.3 3.4 7.6 13*4 20l:l 208.0 76.0 16.4 39*8 7*2 21.8 39*9 5.8 77.6 16.4 39.8 7.2 21.8 39.3 78.0 2.0 42.2 77.8 1*9 42.3 4.0 14.0 2.0 6.2 40.8 4.0 14.0 2.0 6.2 7.5 2.0 6.2 7 .7 4.0 14.0 7*6 76.7 2.1 Are j Fmployment Table A -7: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, lor selected areas, by industry division - Continued Area and industry division NEW YORK-Cont inued Buffalo Total................... Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trad«................... Finance................. Service 1J ............. Government............. Elmira Total................... Manufacturing.......... Trade................... Other nonmanufacturing.. Nassau and Suffolk Counties 7 / Total................... Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Trad«................... Finance...... ....... Service 1 / ............. Government............. (In thousands) Number of employees Area and industry T55T division Mar. Feb. Mar. 449.0 19.3 205.7 36.2 87.3 14.2 46.3 40.0 34.0 17.9 6.4 9*7 450.5 18.6 208.5 35.7 87.3 14.1 46.5 39.9 33.8 17.8 6.4 9.6 444.4 16.7 204.8 36.6 87.6 14.0 46.8 37.8 Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Service 1 / ............. Government............. Mar. 149.0 5.9 142.9 5.0 1956 326.6 24.4 104.8 21.8 72.7 11.5 34.8 56.6 Rochester Total..... ........... 220.0 Contract construction. 8.5 Manufacturing........ 111.9 Trans. and pub. util.. 10.0 Trade................. 39.6 Finance............... 7.3 Servie« 1 / ........... 23.5 Gov« mm « nt........... 19.3 See footnotes at end of table. 323.9 22.0 104.7 21.7 72.7 11.5 35.0 56.3 148.7 5.8 61.4 11.1 61.6 11.1 32.2 16.7 16.8 32.3 6.9 33.3 17.0 6.5 9.8 Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... 303.2 27.9 89.0 21.8 67.7 11.5 34.5 Westchester County 7 / Total................... Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... 50.8 Government............. 5,434.7 5.9 194.9 1.740.0 479.1 1.154.1 443.9 779.8 5,461.0 636.6 618.1 6.1 201.0 1.766.7 483.8 1.173.7 440.8 770.8 6.4 16.7 14.5 14.5 100.9 2.5 45.3 5.4 15.7 3.3 8.4 100.3 2.4 20.2 20.1 18.9 191.4 14.9 51.9 14.9 43.4 189.6 185.6 10.5 31.0 3,578.1 1.9 104.1 983.2 329.6 220.5 217.9 829.1 358.7 578.2 393.5 8.1 112.2 9.8 39.3 7.0 22.8 18.7 45.0 5.4 15.8 3.3 8.3 14.5 51.9 14.9 42.7 10.4 30.3 96.5 2.4 43.2 5.3 15.4 3.2 8.2 14.9 51.0 13.4 42.6 9.8 24.8 25.0 30.0 23.8 95.7 95.7 7*9 23.3 94.0 8.5 23.1 9.7 NORTH CAROLINA Charlotte Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... 8.0 23.3 10.4 28.9 10.9 3,517.8 1.7 104.8 938.8 324.3 804.6 360.0 581.3 402.2 112.4 9.9 39.9 7.3 23.5 1*.3 10.9 3O .8 14.5 6.7 8.2 6.9 58.6 Utica-Rome Government............. lev York City 7/ Total................... 3,548.0 Mining.................. 1.7 Contract construction..• 111.2 Manufacturing......... . 947.1 Trans. and pub. util.... 328.8 Trade................... 810.3 Finance................. 361.5 582.6 Service................. Government............. 404.8 1957 Mar. Feb. Syracuse lev Y ork-lortheas t « m lev J«rsey Total................... 5,475.4 6.2 Mining.................. 206.3 Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... 1 ,747.8 487.7 Trans• and pub• util.... Trad«................... 1,161.0 445.4 Finance................. 782.1 Servie«................. 638.9 Government............. 42 6 5 8 7 0 - 57 - 5 1%UIBUvX Wi C lUj 7.5 Greensboro-High Point Manufacturing.......... 10.6 28.8 6.6 11.1 7.4 28.8 6.2 10.9 6.8 *3.5 43.5 43.4 34.3 34.6 33.3 21.1 21.0 1.5 1.5 20.7 1.3 7.7 1.5 3.1 3.1 2.3 7.6 1.5 3.0 3.1 Winston-Salem NORTH DAKOTA Fargo Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... 2.0 2.2 7.8 1.5 3.1 3.1 2.0 2.2 2.0 Area Employment Tabl* A-7: Employ*«« in nonagricultural establishments for selected areas, by industry division - Continued Area and industry division OHO Akron Manufacturing. Canton Manufacturing. (in thousands) Number of employees Area and industry 1957 division Feb. Mar. Mar. 92.6 92.7 92.3 61.5 62.9 63.6 164.8 163.0 Mar. Feb. 195é Mar. fXHHSILVAHIA Allentown-Be thlehenEaston Manufacturing...... 98.8 99.6 100.8 grie Manufacturing...... 44.3 44.8 42.4 141.2 .4 136.8 39.8 140.0 .4 7.0 35.9 14.4 24.3 5.9 12.5 39.6 1957 Cincinnati Manufacturing. 164.9 Cleveland Manufacturing. 313.8 317.8 318.2 Columbus Manufacturing. 76.2 76.6 78.5 Dayton Manufacturing. 99.6 102.3 105.5 Toledo Manufacturlng. 64.8 64.7 62.8 Lancaster Manufacturing. 44.7 44.6 45.7 Youngstown Manufacturing. 116.9 117.3 112.9 Philadelphia Manufacturing. 553.3 55^.5 544.3 826.6 19.2 805.1 18 .I OKLAHOMA Oklahoma City Total................. Mining................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................. Finance............... Service............... Government........... Tulsa Total.................. Mining.... ............ Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................. Finance............... Service............... Government............ OEEGOH Portland Total.................. Contract construction.. Manufac turlng......... Trans, and pub. util... Trade.................. Finance................ Service \ J ............. Government............ 143.4 143.4 144.4 8.1 8 .1 16 .O 10.8 16.3 10.8 37-5 37.5 8.0 10.2 16.6 11.0 38.6 8.1 17.7 9.6 8.2 17.5 35.8 131.4 13.1 9.2 33.5 14.3 30.6 6.3 16.5 8.0 247.6 12.5 58.8 29.3 66.1 1 3 .I 33.3 34.5 See footnotes at end of table. 20 9.5 8.2 17.3 35.9 131.7 13.2 9.3 33.8 14.2 30.3 6.2 16.7 8.0 245.9 12.6 58.1 29.2 65.5 13.1 32.8 34.6 34.3 130.9 13.4 8.5 35.2 13.2 30.9 6.2 15.9 Harrisburg Total................. Mining................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade...... .......... Finance............... Service............... Government........... 8.1 35.6 14.4 24.3 6.0 12.6 Pittsburgh Total................... 830.3 Mining.................. 19.1 Contract construction... 47.1 Manufacturing.......... 340.1 7 0 .I Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... 155.5 27.2 Finance................. Service................. 96.3 Government.............. 74.9 44.5 339.4 70.3 155.3 27 .I 95.7 75.1 .4 6.4 34.4 14.5 23.6 5.8 12.3 39.4 41.4 327 .I 7 1 .O 155.9 27 .O 92 .I 72.5 Beading Manufacturing. 50.4 51 .O 52.4 Scranton Manufacturing. 32 .O 32.5 32.4 Wilkes-Barre— Hazleton Manufacturing........ 40.1 40.2 40.8 York Manufacturing. 44.0 44.4 45.0 28I .9 28I .4 14.3 13.1 132.7 13.6 50 .I 133.9 13.8 50.5 289.6 13.5 7.5 245.2 12.9 60.0 29.4 64.0 12.8 33.3 32.8 RHODE ISLAHD Providence Total................ Contract construction Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade................ Finance.............. Service 1J ....... . Government.......... 12.5 28.0 3O .7 12.4 27.2 3O .5 140.3 13.8 53.3 12.1 27 .O 29.6 Area Employment Table A-7: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, for selected areas, by industry division - Continued Area and industry division (In thousands) Number of employees Area and Industry 1956 1957 division Feb. Mar. Mar. SOUTH CAROLINA Charleston Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... 5.8 13.4 2.2 2.1 5.0 Government............. 56.5 3.6 55.9 3.7 10.4 4.8 13.4 16.5 10.2 5.0 16.5 54.0 3.3 10.4 4.4 13.0 2.0 4.9 16.2 Greenville 30.5 30.6 31.0 SOUTH DAKOTA Sioux Falls Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Trade................... 22.6 1.0 22.4 4.8 4.8 5.2 2.1 2 .1 2.2 8.2 7.8 1.5 3.4 Service 1/ ............. 2.0 TBNNXSSZE Chattanooga Total................... Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Trade................... Finance................. 7.8 1.5 3.3 2.0 2S.5 1.2 1.4 3.2 2.0 90.9 94.2 3.1 43.4 5.6 3.3 43.1 5.6 17.2 17.2 3.7 45.4 5.5 4.3 9.0 8.5 4.3 9.0 8.4 116.4 116.1 2.2 91.1 .1 Service................. Knoxville Total................... 1.0 2.1 7.0 43.1 7.6 25.7 2.7 11.5 .1 6.9 43.1 7.7 25.8 2.7 11.4 16.8 16.5 Memphis Total................... Mining.................. Contract construction... 186.1 I85 .O Trans. and pub. util.... 16.8 .3 7.4 46.4 54.8 8.2 24.0 28.4 .2 7-5 45.8 16.7 54.7 8.1 23.9 28.3 .1 18.2 4.0 9.2 8.4 Nashville Total................. Mining................ Contract construction. Mannfacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................. Finance............... Service............... Government........... UTAH Salt Lake City Total................. Mining................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................. Finance............... Service............... Government........... VERMONT Burlington Total................. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................. Service... «.......... Other nonmanufacturing Springfield Total.................. Mannfac turing......... Trans, and pub. util... Trade.................. Service................ Other nonmanufacturing. Number of employees 1957 I I95t> Mar. Feb. Mar. 135.7 .3 6.3 135.0 .3 6.0 134.6 •3 6.7 38.4 12.5 30.3 38.0 37.8 12.5 31.1 8.9 20.4 18.3 30.9 8.9 20.5 18.3 8.6 19.8 18.2 118.0 117.0 115.0 12.5 7.5 7.4 7.6 7.2 18.2 18.0 12.7 34.1 7.2 15.1 7.5 8.0 17.6 12.7 33.9 7.2 14.8 32.8 15.8 15.6 15.2 16.8 16.6 16.1 4.3 1.3 4.4 3.2 3.4 3.9 1.4 4.4 3.0 3.6 8.1 .6 12.8 8.1 .6 13.0 1.5 1.5 1.5 4.4 1.3 4.4 3.2 3.4 12.7 12.3 7.3 14.3 8.5 .6 1.1 1.6 1.1 1.6 1.0 157.8 lj6 .4 150.8 .2 15.4 16.0 17.0 1.5 115.9 2.1 6.0 44.5 7.8 25.5 2.7 11.4 16 .I 187.3 .3 9.4 46.1 16.3 55.1 8.0 24.6 27.8 VIRGINIA Norfolk-Portsmouth Total................. Mining................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade..... -........ Finance.... Service.... ......... Government... - .... Richmond Total................ Mining............... Contract construction Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util. .2 12.8 16.0 17.3 42.6 5.8 .2 12.6 16.6 9.9 46.2 43.0 5.7 16.7 46.2 40.0 5.6 l6.1 46.0 161.7 161.6 156.2 .3 11.5 40.2 15.9 .3 11.3 38.5 15.7 16.9 .3 11.8 39.6 15.9 See footnotes at end of tat>le. 21 Area Employment Table A -7: Employ««* in nonagricultural establishments for selected areas, by industry division - Continued Area and industry division VIRGINIA-Contlnued Richmond-Contlnued Trade................... Finane#................. WASHINGTON Seattle Total................... Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. • Finance. (In thousands) Number of employees Area and industry 1956 -Mar. 57 division Feb. Mar. 40.9 13.0 18.1 22.1 Trans, and pub. util.... Trade Finance Service 1/, Tacoma Total................... Contract construction... Trans. and pub. util.... Trade••••••••••........ Finance Service 1 /••••••••••••.. Government.............. WEST VIRGINIA Charleston Mining Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade••••••••••••••••••« l/ 2/ 2/ 4/ 5/ 6/ 18.1 21.9 39.3 12.6 17.5 21.0 315.8 14.8 99.4 27.2 73.4 311.9 14.0 97.5 27.0 295.3 13.1 82.3 26.9 73.0 18.3 73.0 18.3 37.3 45.4 *5.3 45.1 72.2 73.7 3.5 14.7 73.3 3.5 14.4 8.4 20.4 3*7 11.7 11.2 73.6 3.5 16.1 6.7 16.6 3.0 36.8 3.1 13.8 8.2 20.5 3.6 11.8 11.2 73.0 3.4 15.9 6.6 16.5 3.0 8.6 8.5 19.1 19.1 18.1 36.8 8.2 20.7 3.9 11.8 10.9 74.2 3.8 17.2 6.9 16.4 2.9 8.4 18.6 3.2 9.3 10.4 10.2 Contract construction... Manufacturing......... . Trans. and pub. util.... Service................. Government.............. 5.9 5.1 51.7 9.2 19.0 3.1 110.9 5.9 4.8 52 .I 9.1 113.8 10.2 7.0 3.1 5.9 4.2 54.7 9.7 19.1 3.0 7.1 7.2 431.0 20.4 194.2 27.5 421.1 18.8 10.1 4.9 25.8 10.0 19.3 92.4 431.9 20.1 Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... 194.6 28.0 Trans, and pub. util.... Finance............... Service 1J ......... . Government.............. Racine Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Finance................. Service 1/..... ........ Government..... . 87.0 20.4 47.6 34.2 86.9 20.3 47.3 34.4 41.8 41.8 2.0 21.8 1.8 1.8 22.0 7.2 .9 4.5 3.6 10.0 4.9 25.7 10.0 19.0 2.9 91.0 10.1 3.9 25.7 9.9 18.9 10.2 WISCONSIN Milwaukee 1.7 7.2 .9 4.5 3.6 WYOMING Casper 92.8 10.1 3.2 9.4 Wheeling-Steubenville Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Tratis. and pub. util.... Service....... ......... Includes mining. Includes government. Includes mining and government. Berlsed series; not strictly comparable with previously published data. Mot available. Includes mining and finance. j J Subarea of Heir York-Northeastern New Jersey. 22 3.2 9.2 10.4 111.1 Spokane Contract construction... 40.8 12.9 Charleston-Continued Finance.... . ........... Service••••••• •••••• .. Government..•••••••••••• Number of employees 1956 195n Mar. Feb. Mar. 1.1 1.8 1.8 4.0 •5 2.1 2.8 1.2 1.8 1.8 3.9 .5 2.1 19.8 192.5 28.1 83.9 19.6 44.4 32.8 43.3 1.8 24.3 1.8 7.1 .8 4.1 3.4 3.2 1.2 1.8 1.7 3.7 .5 1.9 Women in Industr\ Table A -8: Women employees in manufacturing industries Juuuury 1957 Percent of total employment October 1956 Number (in thou sands) Percent cff total employment Jjtttttary 1956 Industry Number (in thou sands ) MANUFACTURING............................ *,35*-5 26 *,555.9 26 *,386.5 26 DURABLE GOODS ........................... NONDURABLE QOODS........................ 1,769.1 8,585.* id 37 1 ,822.5 8,733 .* id 3d i,76*.3 2,682.2 Id 37 ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES................. 2*.2 10 2*.l id 25.8 20 FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS............... 351.3 24 * 53.8 27 3**.2 24 76.5 22.7 70.5 18.0 59-0 3.3 *»3.9 20.7 36.7 22 21 79.8 2*.2 153.0 18.2 63.3 *.3 *8.5 23 22 73.3 21.8 68.* 18.0 59-1 3*1 27 59-3 5d S u g a r ........................................ Confectionery and related pr o d u c t s ...... TOBACCO MANUFACTURES..................... 16.7 kQ 15 20 11 5* 10 Number (in thou sands ) Percent o f total employment 37.0 15 21 10 55 12 27 20.5 35.9 22 21 40 15 21 10 5* 10 27 69.* 5d 60.7 59 16.6 *9 79 43 52 15.* 29-0 3.1 13 *2 *5 7d 26.1 ki k k .l 26.3 7d 2.8 13-5 k2 k9 27-* 2.9 22.5 TEXTILE-MILL PRODUCTS.................... KkO .9 43 *5**9 kk 466.7 *3 Scouring and combing p l a n t s ............... 17 1.0 16 kk 52.7 176.0 16.3 kk 1.0 57.9 15 Lm 45 17*1 11 5» Knitting m i l l s .............................. Dyeing and finishing t e xtiles............ Carpets, rugs, other floor coverings.... Hats (except cloth and m i l l i n e r y ) ....... Miscellaneous textile goods.............. 1.0 52fl 17*.l 15.9 1*3.8 l£.5 12.5 *.7 18.3 APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE PRODUCTS................................ Men's and boys' suits and coats......... Men's and boys' furnishings and work c l o t h i n g............. ................ . M i l l i n e r y ....... ............ ............... Miscellaneous apparel and accessories... Other fabricated textile products ....... 18.9 kX 29 12.6 *.* 18.3 39 55 6d 22 25 39 29 9**-5 7d 955-0 77-8 6k 76.7 250.* 303.5 110.6 13.0 59*8 2.7 **.5 82.2 39 5* 60 22 25 d4 81 d7 72 35 26 77 65 15* «7 182.6 19.* 13*1 5*5 id.9 6d 21 f\ W 24 la 49 29 7d 964.2 7d 63 76.1 62 84 151*2 263.* Bk 287.0 u*.o do 264.4 301 .d 13.3 61.2 3.6 *9-3 d7 71 d5 27 77 65 109.0 15 *d 61.2 2.8 45.9 87.2 86.5 43 52 do dd 73 d5 25 77 65 22 Women ¡n industf\ Tabla A-8: Women employees in manufacturing industries - Continued October 1956 January 1957 Industry LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT FURNITURE).............................. Sawmills and planing m i l l s ............... Millwork, plywood, and prefabricated Wooden contai n e r s .......................... FURNITURE AND FIXTURES.................. Household f u r n i t u re....................... Office, public-building, and profes sional furn i t u r e .......................... Partitions, shelving, lockers, and Number (in thou sands ) Percent of total employment Number (in thou sands ) Percent of total employment January 1956 Number ( in t h o u sands ) Percent of total employment *5.1 7 *7.7 7 *8.5 7 1.6 13.0 2 k 2.0 13.8 2 k 1*.6 1.7 2 9.2 10.5 8 10.2 8 1 1 .0 19 19 10 .* 10.6 11.2 20 68.0 18 66.0 17 k6.k 18 46.1 17 5.9 13 10.8 19 19 10.7 65.9 18 **.7 18 * 8 19 6.0 13 6 .1 12 *.* U *.6 U *.0 10 10.8 38 10.9 38 10.0 36 PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS............... 125.8 22 129.6 23 123.9 22 Pulp, paper, and paperboard m i l l s ....... Paperboard containers and b o x e s ......... Other paper and allied prod u c t s ......... 32.4 *1.2 11 32.5 **.3 52.8 U 29 39 29.7 *1.7 52.5 11 28 *0 2*3.8 28 230 .I 28 58.9 18 56.6 19 Screens, blinds, and miscellaneous PRINTING, PUBLISHING, AND ALLIED INDUSTRIES.............................. 52.2 27 39 238.3 28 59 .O 29.2 18 *6 63 *3 30.2 25 .O 60.0 18.9 13.2 20.8 17.3 25 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS........... 1 *8.8 Industrial inorganic chemicals .......... Industrial organic chemicals ............. Drugs and med i c i n e s ....................... Soap, cleaning and polishing prepara- 9.1 *6.1 37.6 Commercial p r i n t i n g ....................... Greeting c a r d s ............................. Bookbinding and related industries...... Miscellaneous publishing and printing 25.2 59.1 17 .* 10.7 20 .* *5 26 28 16.8 2* 16.5 2* 18 I 50 .I 18 1*5.3 18 8 1* 9.1 *5.* 37.3 8 1* 9.3 *3.7 11.1 22 39 2.1 3.2 28.7 PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AND COAL.......... 17 .* Petroleum r e f i n i n g ........................ Coke, other petroleum and coal products. l*.l U . 3.3 27 29 65 kk k6 26 28 62 11.2 I9.3 Vegetable and animal oils and fata ...... .5 *6 29.3 23.7 56.1 17.* ** 21 15 6 6 8 28 10.5 1 1 .0 *5 1 1 .0 •5 2.0 39 36.6 11.2 15c 10.7 6 2.2 O *3 9 1* *0 22 15 »? j*5 6 2.9 3.3 30.* 29 28.2 7 29 7 17.2 7 I7 .3 7 7 7 1*.0 7 1*.3 7 O(L 3.2 7 6 3.0 Women in Industry Table A - 8: Women employees in manufacturing industries - Continued January 1957 October 1956 January 1956 Number (in thou sands ) Percent of total employment RUBBER PRODUCTS.......................... 7*.3 26 7*.* 27 7*.l 26 Tires and inner tubes.................. Rubber footwear........................ Other rubber products.................. 11.* **.8 lB.l 15 51 32 18.0 12*1 **.3 15 51 32 18 .* 12.9 *2*8 15 52 30 LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS............ 184.8 51 185.2 50 195.7 51 5.* 1.7 7.0 135.5 12 37 *0 5.5 12 35 5.8 2.0 13 38 19.8 8.8 Industry Leather: tanned, curried, and finished.. Industrial leather belting and packing.. Boot and shoe cut stock and findings.... Footwear (except rubber)............... Luggage................................. Handbags and small leather goods....... Gloves and miscellaneous leather goods.. STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS......... Flat glass.............................. Glass and glassware, pressed or blown... Glass products made of purchased glass.. Cement, hydraulic...................... Structural clay products............... Pottery and related products........... Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products.. Cut-stone and stone products........... Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral products............................... PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES................ Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills.................................. Iron and steel foundries............... Primary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals..................... Secondary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals..................... Rolling, drawing, and alloying of nonferrous metals.......... ........... Nonferrous foundries................... Miscellaneous primary metal industries.. FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORDNANCE, MACHINERY, AND TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT).............................. Tin cans and other tinware............ Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware..... Heating apparatus (except electric) and plumbers' supplies................... Fabricated structural metal products... Metal stamping, coating, and engraving. Lighting fixtures..................... Fabricated wire products.............. Miscellaneous fabricated metal products Number (in thou sands ) 1.6 Percent of total employment *1 Number (in thou sands ) Percent of total employment *1 56 7.7 1*2.7 6.8 56 *5 67 56 6.9 129.* 7.3 23.0 11.5 69 60 21.6 9.1 56 90.* 16 9**5 16 92.* 17 2.2 29*6 *.8 7 31 6.6 56 *6 *8 68 6 2.0 6 32 29.6 26 6 5.1 1.1 6.5 18.7 7.* 31 27 3 1.1 5.9 16 .* 7.1 3 7 3* 6 .8 * 2.1 32.* *.9 1.1 6 .* 19.3 7.1 20.5 22 20.* 21 21.2 22 77.2 6 77.6 6 76.1 6 2*.6 * 5 25.3 10.* * * 23.1 10.9 10.3 * * 2.6 * 2.3 3 1.9 3 1.1 8 1.1 8 1.0 8 10.0 11.2 9 10.1 10.5 1* 9 15 26 .8 3 7 35 * 9 .8 8 35 7 * 1* 10 11.* 17.0 10 17.5 11 20*.6 18 207.9 18 215.9 19 13.3 *3.2 25 1**2 *3.8 2* 30 13.* 28 25 30 13.5 22.9 52.3 15.3 1*.2 29.9 12 7 1*.6 23.7 12 7 13 31 15.9 1*.6 32 2* 15.7 21.9 55.2 15.5 15.* 29.1 22 16.8 21 22 22 52.0 21 U .8 *6.8 32.0 8 22 30 2* 23 25 Women in Indus!r\ Table A -8: Women employees in manufacturing industries - Continued January 1957 Industry Number (in thou sands ) MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL)........... 2*7.2 11.3 13.5 13.3 35.3 21.8 36.6 Agricultural machinery and tractors.... Construction and mining mac h i n e r y ....... Metalworking mac h inery.................... Special-industry machinery (except metalworking m a c h inery) ................. General industrial m a chinery ............. Office and store machines and devices... Service-industry and household machines. Miscellaneous machinery p a r t s ............ ELECTRICAL MACHINERY.................... Electrical generating, transmission, distribution, and industrial apparatus. Communication equipment................... Miscellaneous electrical pr o d u c t s ....... January 1956 Number (in thou sands ) Percent of total employment Number (in thou sands ) Percent of total emplpytiuènt 14 242.7 14 237.6 14 13 9 14 8 12 11.5 12.9 13.1 34.6 10 8 12 10.5 15.1 U 13 22.0 36.1 13 20.3 34.2 32.1 Percent of total employment 11 12.1 34.1 14 10 8 12 11 38.3 28 27.8 36.2 27.3 49.0 15 18 29.8 *9.3 15 17 14 27 15 *78.6 38 *99.5 40 460.7 40 28 124.5 19.3 5.3 27.9 29 36 114.2 281.5 48 35 122.3 17.8 Insulated wire and cab l e ................. Electrical equipment for v e h i c l e s ....... October 1956 5.2 29.7 22.5 263.* 17.7 34 21 38 69 46 34 22.2 18.8 28 49.4 18 68 18.3 256.3 18.5 30 35 23 37 71 47 36 233.8 12 101.8 11 16 22 38 17.2 5.4 30.8 235.2 12 224.9 13 86.4 137.5 5.1 4.8 1.4 10 16 78.1 135.* 4.6 4.7 11 16 17 2 .1 19 120.7 4.6 5.3 1.4 120.6 35 122.6 36 119.1 36 18.9 26 19.1 27 15.8 26 28.1 28.6 35 33 44 12.6 19.3 Id .8 33 32 46 45 29 53 29.5 4.6 18.6 17.1 32 32 46 45 29 51 19.4 29 52 M 1SCELLANEOUS MANUFACTUR1NQ 1NDUSTR1ES.%. 180.1 38 213.0 41 188.4 39 Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware.... Musical instruments and p a r t s ............ Toys and sporting g o o d s ................... Pens, pencils, other office supplies--Costume jewelry, buttons, n o t i o n s ....... j 21.1 41 22.5 4.3 53.0 42 22.6 22 22 42 23 43 49 16.8 TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT................ Aircraft and p a r t s ........................ Ship and boat building and repairing.... Railroad equi p m e n t ........................ Other transportation e q u ipment .......... INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS..... 4 8 Laboratory, scientific, and engineering Mechanical measuring and controlling instruments................................ Optical instruments and l e nses.......... Surgical, medical, and dental instruments Photographic a p p a ratus .................... Other manufacturing industries.......... 26 4.5 20.4 12.4 19*2 4.2 34.3 15.0 31.1 29.4 45.0 44 52 33 31 4.5 19.7 34.6 30.8 51.0 4 8 51 51 54 34 33 18.5 12.7 4.2 35.2 15.1 34.9 28.6 47.8 4 9 16 45 49 5* 33 32 Labor Turnover T a b le B -lt M o n th ly la b o r turnover rates in m a n u fa ctu rin g , b y class of turnover (Par 100 employees Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. 1950........... 1951........... 1952........... 1953........... 1954........... 1955............ 1956............ 1957............ 3.6 5.2 4.4 4.4 3.2 4.5 3.9 4.2 2.5 3-2 3.1 3.6 4.6 3.9 4.4 3.6 3.1 3-5 4.5 3.7 *•3 2.4 3-5 3.3 2.8 2.8 1950........... 1951........... 1952........... 1953........... 1954........... 1955............ 1956........... 1957............ 3.1 4.1 4.0 3.8 *•3 2.9 3.6 3.3 3.0 3.8 3.9 3.6 3.5 2.5 3-6 3.0 2.9 4.1 3.7 4.1 3.7 3.0 3.5 3.3 1950........... 1951........... 1952. ,****s *e** 1953........... 1954........... 1955............ 1956............ 1957........... 1 .1 2 .1 1.0 2 .1 1.2 1.4 1.3 1950........... 1951........... 1952........... 1953........... 1954........... 1955........... 1956............ 1957............ 1950........... 1951........... 1952........... 1953........... 1954........... 1955............ 1956............ 1957............ Year 1950........... 1951........... 1952........... 1953........... 1954........... 1955............ 1956........... 1957............ 2.8 3-3 3-3 3.2 2.8 2.5 2.8 4.6 4.1 4.3 3.8 3.1 3«* 1.3 2.7 May 3*0 3.4 Tot<il 3.1 4.8 3.9 4.4 3-3 3.2 3.7 sepai%ation 3.0 2.9 4.4 *•3 5.0 3.9 4.2 *.3 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.2 1.6 2.8 2.2 2.0 2.2 2.2 1.0 1.0 2.5 2.7 2.7 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .4 .2 .2 1.3 1.0 1 .1 July accession 4.8 4.7 4.2 4.9 4.4 4.9 4.1 5.1 2*5 2‘ ? 3.4 4.3 4.2 3-3 Totiil 4.4 4.5 3.9 4.1 1.9 1.9 2.1 1.1 1.0 June 1.0 1.6 Quit 1.7 2.5 2.2 2.6 1.1 1.8 2.4 2.2 2.5 6.6 4.5 5.9 *•3 3-3 4.5 3.8 4.2 5.3 4.6 4.8 ?*5 4.0 3.9 2.9 3.1 3.0 2.9 1.4 Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 5.7 *.3 5.6 4.0 3.* 4.4 4.1 5.2 4.4 5.2 3.3 3.6 4.1 4.2 4.0 3.9 4.0 2.7 3.0 3.0 3.3 4.9 5.1 4.9 5.2 3.9 4.4 4.4 *•3 4.7 4.2 4.5 3-3 3-5 3*5 3.8 *.3 3.5 4.2 3.0 3.1 3-3 3.6 3-5 3.* 4.0 3.0 3.0 3.* 3.1 3.5 3.1 2.7 2.5 2.1 1.7 1.4 1.7 2.8 2 .1 1.2 1.8 1.7 0.3 .3 .4 .3 0.3 .3 .3 1.5 Dischaj*ce 0.3 0.3 .4 .3 .3 .3 .4 .4 0.4 .4 .3 .4 0.4 .3 .4 .4 0.4 .4 .4 .4 .3 .3 .4 .4 .3 .4 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .3 .3 .3 .3 3 .3 .2 .2 .2 1.7 1.7 1.4 Layofj » 0*6 0.9 1.0 1.3 0.6 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.4 1.4 .9 1.2 1.0 0.7 1.3 .7 1.5 1.7 2.8 1.5 1.7 1.5 0 .1 .7 .4 .4 .3 .3 .2 .3 4 2 6 5 8 7 0 - 57 - 6 .8 2.2 1 .1 1.8 .8 1.1 .8 2.3 1.3 1.6 1.4 1.5 o.l 0.1 .5 .3 .3 .6 .4 .4 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 1.3 .9 2.4 1.2 1.9 1 .1 1.6 .9 1.7 2.2 1.1 1.6 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.3 1.7 1.3 1.1 2.1 0.8 1.4 .7 1.8 1.6 1.2 1.0 .2 .3 .3 1.1 1.7 .7 2.3 1.6 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.5 Mlsctîllaneoiis. inclLudine inilitarvf 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .5 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .3 .3 0.4 .4 .3 .3 0.3 .4 .3 .3 1.4 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 1.2 .2 .2 .2 .2 2.8 1.1 1.0 Ò.3 .4 .3 .4 .8 1.9 2.2 1.4 1.3 0.2 1.0 3.3 3.0 2.1 2.5 2.5 1.1 2.2 2.2 1.6 2-2 1.5 1.8 2.8 2.6 1.5 1.1 1.6 Aug. .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 .9 .2 .2 .2 .2 Annual aver age 4.4 4.4 4.4 3.9 3.0 3.7 3> 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 3.5 4.4 4.1 4.3 3.5 3.3 3.5 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1.9 2.4 2.3 2.3 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 0.3 .3 .3 .4 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 19 55 1956 1957 1.1 1.6 1.6 .2 .3 .3 1.3 1.5 1.1 1.2 1.1 2.5 1.7 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.9 1.0 0.3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 Year 1.2 1.5 0.2 .5 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 27 Labor' T u r n o v c r T a b le B -2: M onthly la b o r turnover rates in selected in d u stries (Per Industry MANUFACTURING............................. DURABLE G O O D S .......................................................................................... NONDURABLE 6 0 0 D S ................................................................................ ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES............... FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS.............. G r a i n - m i l l p r o d u c t s .......................... B a k e r y p r o d u c t s ................................ Beverages: M a l t l i q u o r s ................................... TOBACCO MANUFACTURES.................... 100 e m p l o y e e s ) Total accession rate Se p a r a t i o n rate Total Quit Discharge Mar. 1957 Feb. 1957 Mar. 1957 Feb. 1957 Mar. 1957 Feb. Mar. 1957 1957 Feb. 1957 Mar. 1957 Feb. 1957 Mar. 1957 Feb. 1957 2.8 2.8 3.3 3.0 1.3 1.2 0.2 0.2 1.5 1.4 0.2 0.2 2.9 2.6 2.9 2.7 3.5 3.0 3.1 2.9 1.3 1.4 1.1 1.2 .3 .2 .2 .2 1.7 1.3 1.4 1.3 •3 .2 .2 .2 3.8 3.2 3 .1 3.2 1.3 1.2 .2 .2 1.4 1.6 .2 .2 3.7 2.8 3.3 3.2 3.6 4.2 1.2 2.3 3.3 1.9 2.8 2.7 2.9 4.1 5.6 2.7 3.0 .8 2.0 1.1 .6 .8 1.6 (1 /) 4.8 (1/) 2.7 (1 /) 2.3 3.4 2.5 4.5 2 .1 I .5 1.2 1.5 .7 .4 1.2 .8 1.1 1.8 2.2 1.0 1.1 1.6 2.7 1.7 1.8 .8 1.7 .3 TEXTILE-MILL PRODUCTS................... 2.6 2.7 2.9 2.4 3.2 3.7 3.9 3.9 3.6 3.3 3.2 3.5 4.1 3.8 2.8 3.4 3.2 2.3 3.2 3.3 3.0 1.9 2.8 2.7 <±/> 2.9 1.5 Y a r n a n d t h r e a d m i l l s ........................ B r o a d - w o v e n f a b r i c m i l l s ................... C o t t o n , s i l k , s y n t h e t i c f i b e r ........... 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4 1-5 1.3 Knitting m i l l s ................................. APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE PRODUCTS............................... Men's Men's and boys' and boys' s u i t s a n d c o a t s .......... furnishings and work LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT FURNITURE)............................. L o g g i n g c a m p s a n d c o n t r a c t o r s ............ S a w m i l l s a n d p l a n i n g m i l l s ................. Millwork, plywood, and prefabricated FURNITURE AND FIXTURES.................. Other furniture a n d f i x t u r e s .............. PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS.............. Pulp, paper, a n d p a p e r b o a r d m i l l s ....... CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS.......... Industrial Drugs organic c h e m i c a l s .............. a n d m e d i c i n e s .......................... S ee f o o t n o t e s at en d o f table. 28 3.7 2.6 2.8 .7 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.5 1.7 1.4 2.2 (1 /) 2.4 5.1 2.9 1-5 2.3 3.4 1.7 1.9 3.5 3.1 2.6 2.6 3.5 3.2 3.0 2.3 1.7 3.1 3.8 3.6 3.3 3.6 3.9 3.6 3.3 6.3 4.5 12.9 3.3 5.1 9.9 4.5 2.4 1.4 3.5 3.7 3.4 4.8 3.4 3.8 2.4 3.2 3.5 2.5 4.0 3.7 4.6 3.4 3.5 3.3 2.1 2.0 1.2 2.2 2.3 1.5 3.0 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.0 1.8 1.5 2.2 3.4 3*3 1.2 S e a m l e s s h o s i e r y ............................. K n i t u n d e r w e a r ................................ D y e i n g a n d f i n i s h i n g t e x t i l e s ............ C ar p e t s , rugs, oth e r f loor c o v e rings... Misc., incl. military Layoff 1.9 3.3 1.3 3.0 3.9 2.6 2.4 1.6 1.6 1 .1 1.6 .9 7 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.0 1.2 1.4 2.9 1 .1 1.5 1.6 1.0 (1 /) 1.2 1 .1 .3 3.1 1.5 .4 2.7 4.5 1.7 .9 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 (1 /) .1 (±/) 2.1 (1 /) .2 .1 .1 .2 .1 .2 .1 .1 1.9 1.5 .4 2.6 .8 .1 .2 (2 /) .2 .2 .2 (2 /) .9 •5 .4 .2 .2 1.8 1.8 1 .7 1.5 .2 .2 .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 (1 /) .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .1 .1 .2 .1 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 .2 .1 .3 .3 .2 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 1.7 2.2 1.4 1.5 1.3 .6 2 .1 I .5 1.4 2.3 1 .1 .3 .2 .1 (l/> .5 1.5 .5 1.4 1.4 .2 .1 •9 .5 1.2 •9 .1 .2 .1 .2 •3 .3 1 .1 .9 .1 .1 .3 2.4 10.2 3.1 6.3 1.3 2.6 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .3 .2 Q/> .3 2.0 1.6 .2 .2 2.2 2 .1 1.6 1.6 •9 2.0 1.2 1.2 (2 /) (2 /) •3 3.0 1.4 .4 .3 •3 .3 1.6 1.2 .2 •3 1.5 3.1 .2 .3 1.7 1.9 1.4 1.5 .3 .4 .3 .3 .4 .3 1.8 1.6 1.3 3.0 1.5 1.7 .2 .2 .2 .1 .1 .2 .2 .1 .2 .1 .6 1 .1 1.2 1.2 .7 1.7 1 .1 .6 1.5 .9 .7 •5 .5 •9 .4 .3 .9 .7 1.2 .8 .1 .3 .3 .2 .2 .1 .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 .1 (2/) .1 .1 .9 .3 .7 .6 1.0 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .7 .5 .4 .5 .2 •2 .2 .2 .1 .1 .2 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .6 .9 .6 .2 .4 1 .1 .5 .6 I abor furnover Table B-2! M o nthly la b o r turnover rates in selected industries-Continued (Per 100 employees) TToTil Industry PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AND COAL.......... accession rate Mar. 1957 0.9 .6 RUBBER PRODUCTS.......................... 1.9 1.3 1.9 1.4 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.8 3.7 1.7 3.0 2.0 LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS............ Leather: tanned, curried, and finished.. F o o t w e a r (except r u b b e r ) .................. STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS......... 2 .1 2.6 Cutlery, hand tools, and h a r d w a r e ....... Cutl e r y and edge t o o l s ................... Ha n d t o o l s ................................. H a r d w a r e .................. ................. Hea t i n g apparatus (except electric) and plumbers' s u p p l i e s ........................ Sa n i t a r y ware and plumbers' supplies... Oil burners, nonelectric heating and cooking apparatus, not elsewhere c l a s s i f i e d ........................ ........ Fab ricated structural metal products.... Metal stamping, coating, and engraving.. 3.6 3.5 3.6 2.0 .8 2.2 3.0 4.4 .9 .7 .5 3.5 2.3 1.0 2.6 2.6 1.7 1.8 2.8 2 .1 2.0 1.3 2.7 2.7 2.9 PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES................. FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORD NANCE, MACHINERY, AND TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT).............................. 3.7 4.1 3.7 2.7 3.0 1.5 3.5 3.0 2.5 Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling m i l l s ....... ................................ Iro n and steel f o undries .................. G r a y - i r o n f o u n d r i e s ....................... M alleabl e - i r o n f o u n d r i e s ................. Steel f o u ndries........................... P r i m a r y smelting and refining of no n ferrous metals: Pr i m a r y smelting and refining of copper, lead, and z i n c ............................ Rolling, drawing, and alloying of nonferrous metals: Rolling, drawing, and alloying of c o p p e r ...................... ............. Nonferrous f o u n d r i e s ....................... Oth e r primary metal industries: Ir o n and steel f o r g i n g s .................. 4.0 1.0 3.0 3.5 3.1 2.7 3.2 3.5 3.1 2.6 2.0 2 .1 1.2 2.2 2.6 Glass and glass p r o d u c t s .................. Cement, h y d r a u l i c ......................... . St r uctural clay p r o d u c t s . . ........... P o t t e r y and related p r o d u c t s ............. 1.6 1 .1 Qtfit Feb. Mar. Feb. Mar. 1957 1957 1957 1957 0.8 0.4 1 .1 0.9 .8 .6 .3 .5 P e t r o l e u m r e f i n i n g . ........................ Tires and inner t u b e s ................. Rubber foot w e a r ............................. Other rubber p r o d u c t s ..................... Separation rate Total 1.3 .7 1.5 1.3 Discharge Feb. 1957 0.3 .3 Mar. 1957 Feb. 1957 0.1 (2/) 0 .1 (2/) 1.0 .6 1.8 1.2 .2 .1 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 2.0 .3 .3 .9 .2 .2 2.2 .3 .3 .8 .2 .1 .2 .2 .1 .1 .2 1.3 .7 .5 .9 1.3 .7 .7 1.0 .5 .3 .5 .3 .3 .2 .1 Layoff Mar. 1957 0.5 .3 Feb. 1957 Mar. 1957 0 .1 (2/) 0.2 .2 1.6 1.6 1.0 1.8 1.3 1.0 2.6 .8 1 .1 2.0 1.6 3.3 .1 1 .1 .3 .4 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 1.0 .3 .2 .1 1 .1 .4 .3 .3 .1 .3 2.9 1.4 .2 .1 .1 .1 .2 .3 .1 .2 .2 .3 .1 .5 4.6 1 .1 .2 .5 3.1 .3 .3 .3 .4 .3 1.0 .8 .3 .3 1.2 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 1.2 1.6 .2 .1 .2 1.6 1.8 1.0 1 .1 1.8 .4 1.6 1 .1 1.0 1.2 1.0 .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 2.9 2.7 1.2 1.2 .4 .3 .9 .9 .2 .2 .8 1.2 .9 .2 .2 .2 .2 3.0 2.4 *.9 1.5 1.4 1.4 .9 1.4 3.0 1 .1 •8 2.8 .2 .2 1.4 .4 .3 .4 .2 .2 1.6 .5 .3 .4 1.0 1.2 1.7 .9 1.0 .3 1.4 7.1 1.9 5> 1.6 .5 .4 1.4 .2 .6 3.1 2.7 2.7 1.0 1.3 3.2 3.2 2.6 1.6 2.1 1.7 1.7 2.5 3.6 3.1 2.7 2.7 3.4 3.4 3.7 2.5 3.3 4.4 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 2.9 4.0 2.7 2.6 2.2 2.1 3.1 3.1 4.0 5.1 3.2 3.9 3.1 3.3 5.3 1.4 lv4 1.5 1.3 2.4 1.3 3.5 2.6 1.7 3.6 .4 .4 .4 .2 .2 2.6 2.0 .2 1.2 1 .1 1.8 1.1 1.7 1.5 1.8 .7 .2 1.5 1.9 2.3 1.5 2.0 .4 .7 1.3 .3 .2 .3 .3 .3 .3 2.2 .9 .2 .2 .9 .4 .3 .3 .3 .4 2.0 .8 1.0 1.8 Feb. 1957 0.3 .3 2.2 1 .1 1.0 1 .1 .8 1.0 3.6 3.8 4.5 3.1 1.9 M i s c . , incl, military 1.2 1.3 1.1 .4 2 .1 1.7 2 .1 1.4 .3 .3 .3 Se e footnotes at end of table. 29 Libor Turnover Table B-2r M onthly la b o r turnover rates in selected in d u strie s-C o n tin u e d (Pe r 100 e m p l o y e e s ) Total accession rate Industry Mar. 1957 MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL)............ E n g i n e s a n d t u r b i n e s ............................ A g r i c u l t u r a l m a c h i n e r y a n d t r a c t o r s ....... C o n s t r u c t i o n a n d m i n i n g m a c h i n e r y ......... M e t a l w o r k i n g m a c h i n e r y ......................... Metalworking machinery (except 2.2 3.0 2.2 2.5 1.8 Feb. 1957 2.4 2.5 3.1 Separation Total Mar. i?57 2.9 2.7 4.2 2.1 2.6 1.9 Quit Feb. Mar. i?57 2.4 1957 Feb. 1957 2.0 1.2 1.0 1.3 .9 .9 1.9 2.5 1.2 1.4 Feb. 0.3 .3 .2 0.2 .2 .2 2 .1 .9 .9 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .5 .4 .9 .2 .2 .2 .5 .7 1.0 1.2 .3 .9 .9 3.8 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 1 .1 1.9 1.7 1.0 1.0 2.7 1.9 2.5 1.9 .9 1.3 2.2 2.6 2.3 3.1 3.0 2.3 2.4 2.0 2.7 2.4 5.6 2.5 4.4 2.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.3 •9 .9 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.8 M i s e ., i n c l . mi l i t a r y Layoff Mar. 1957 1.8 1.6 machine rate Discharge .3 1957 .3 Mar. 1957 Feb. Mar. 1957 Feb. 1957 1.2 0.9 .7 .3 0.3 .3 .7 0.2 .2 .9 .7 .4 1.0 1957 .5 .2 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .7 .5 .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 .1 1.0 .9 .7 .3 2.9 .9 .3 1.6 1 .1 .3 .2 3 (1 /) (1 /) .2 .1 M a c h i n e - t o o l a c c e s s o r i e s ..................... S p e c i a l - i n d u s t r y m a chinery (except metal- 2.8 G e n e r a l i n d u s t r i a l m a c h i n e r y ................ O f fice and store m a c h i n e s and devices.... S e r v i c e - i n d u s t r y and h o u s e h o l d machines.. M i s c e l l a n e o u s m a c h i n e r y p a r t s ............... 2.0 2.5 3.2 1.9 ELECTRICAL MACHINERY...................... 3.0 3.2 3.6 3.1 1.7 1.5 .3 2.1 (1 /) 2.2 2.6 (1 /) 2.3 (1 /) 1.2 (1 /) 1.1 (1 /) .2 .2 (!/) (1 /) (1 /) •9 (1 /) (1 /) 3.9 4.3 5.0 3.9 2.0 1.8 .4 .3 2.5 1.6 (1 /) (1 /) (1 /) (1 /) (1/) (1 /) (1 /) (1 /) (1 /) (1 /) (1 /) (1 /) 2.6 2.9 4.5 3.6 1.4 1.4 .3 .3 2.4 1.5 .4 .5 3.7 3.0 2.7 2.7 3.7 2.9 3.2 3.4 3.9 3.8 2.7 3.2 3.0 1.3 .9 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.5 2.5 (1 /) 1 .1 .8 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .8 .2 .2 .2 .1 .1 1.9 2.0 .8 .8 .8 1.5 1.4 .4 .4 .5 (2/) (i/) 8.4 1.9 Electrical generating, transmission, distri but ion , and industrial apparatus.. C o m m u n i c a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ....................... R a d i o s , p h o n o g r a p h s , t e l e v i s i o n set s , a n d e q u i p m e n t ................................... T e l e phone, telegraph, and related E l e c t r i c a l a p p l i a n c e s , lamps, and m i s c e l l a n e o u s p r o d u c t s ................................ TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT................. A i r c r a f t ........................................... 2.1 A i r c r a f t p r o p e l l e r s a n d p a r t s .............. O t h e r a i r c r a f t p a r t s a n d e q u i p m e n t ....... S h i p a n d b o a t b u i l d i n g a n d r e p a i r i n g ..... R a i l r o a d e q u i p m e n t .............................. L o c o m o t i v e s a n d p a r t s ......................... R a i l r o a d a n d s t r e e t c a r s ..................... O t h e r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t .............. INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS......... P h o t o g r a p h i c a p p a r a t u s ......................... W a t c h e s a n d c l o c k s .............................. Professional and scientific instruments.. MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES.... Jewelry, See silverware, footnotes at e n d JB. a n d p l a t e d w a r e ..... of table. 2.0 3.1 3.5 4.1 3.6 (1 /) 11.2 (1/) (y ) a /) (1/) 5.4 5.9 7.6 6.7 2.6 2.6 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.9 3.7 4.7 (1 /) 11.1 (I/) (1 /) (1 /) (1 /) 3.3 2.9 5.3 1.9 2.5 (1 /) 2.4 2.4 2.3 1.3 2.7 2.1 2.7 3.8 2.3 4.2 1.5 4.2 2.3 4.2 4.7 Cl/) (1 /) 1.2 2.3 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.0 1.3 2.0 2.0 (1 /) .8 1.1 1.0 1.8 1.5 (1 /) .9 1.3 5.0 3.1 1.4 1 .1 1.5 2.0 1.3 3.7 .7 .9 1 .1 1.2 .3 .2 .2 .4 .3 .5 .4 (±/) (1 /) (1 /) .5 .3 .3 (1 /) .2 .2 .3 .3 h ' .3 .2 .1 .1 .2 .4 .2 1.0 .8 1 .1 (l/} .8 2.6 1.6 .8 .6 .2 (1 /) 2.5 .4 .6 2.5 .4 2.3 3.1 2.9 1.4 .3 .2 .2 .4 .4 .8 .1 .1 .2 .2 .1 .6 .2 .2 .1 .1 .2 M X M l (l/> a /) (I/) .2 .2 .1 .1 .2 .3 (1 /) .4 .2 .1 .2 .1 .2 .2 .2 .2 l abor Tur n o \ er T a b le B -2: M onthly lab o r turnover rates in selected in dustries-C on tinu ed (Per 100 employees) Total accession Industry rate Se paration rate Quit Total Discharge Feb. Feb. Layoff Misc., incl. military Mar. Feb. Mar. Feb. Mar. 1??7 1957 1957 1957 1957 I 957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1.6 .6 (1 /) 1.1 2.4 .6 2.9 1.5 2.7 .6 (1 /) 2.5 2.7 1.3 3.1 1.6 1.3 .2 0 /) 1.1 1.7 .2 2.4 .8 0.3 .1 Ü /) .2 0.4 (2 /) .3 .1 0.7 .1 ANTHRACItE MINING........................ .9 1.5 1.5 1.2 .5 1.0 (2 /) ( 2 /) BITUMINOUS-COAL MINING.................. .8 .7 1.8 1.0 .6 .4 ( 2 /) (2/) M X 1.8 1.5 MX M ) 1.4 1.5 M X M ) 1.1 .9 M X M ) .1 .1 Mar. Mar. Feb. Mar. Feb. NONHAHUFACTUR1HG: METAL MINING............................. 0.4 0.3 .2 .3 .2 .1 .5 0.3 •3 (1 /) .3 .9 .1 .2 .1 1.2 .5 .2 .1 n .1 .2 0 /) .1 .2 .8 COMMUNICATION: T e l e g r a p h 3 / . ........................................... ............ (± /) 1/ Not available. 2/ Less than 0.05. 2/ Data relate to domestic employees except messengers and those compensated entirely on a commission basis. Table B-3: Monthly labor turnover rates of men and women in selected manufacturing industry groups H J a n u a r y 1957 Industry group Men (rate per 100 men) Total Separation Quit Total accession Women (rate per 100 women) Total Separation Total Quit accession .9 MANUFACTURING...................................................................... 3.0 3.0 1.1 4.1 4.4 I DURABLE GOODS....................................................................................... 3.2 3 .0 1.2 4 .0 *•5 1.8 2.3 3.1 3.1 2 .1 2.1 3 .* 4.6 4.3 3.2 2 .1 1.1 1.8 1.6 4.4 3.7 3.2 2 .9 2 .8 4.9 3.1 4.0 5.1 2.6 1 .5 1.4 4.0 2.8 3 .0 4.4 2.6 3.4 3.5 2.2 2.5 3.6 2.2 4.2 1.3 .9 1.2 4.6 3.1 5.0 3.5 3.9 7.7 1.6 1.2 1.5 4.2 3.8 3.9 3.7 3.1 7.3 2.4 2.9 1.1 4.2 4.3 2.0 2 .6 3.2 3.2 3.Ô I .9 1-3 .7 2 .0 . 54 4.2 4.0 3.6 4.0 2.2 1.2 1.0 2.5 3 ‘9 1.0 1 .0 1.5 1.7 1.1 •5 .3 .9 1.9 5 .* 2 .0 3.7 4.3 3.2 3 .7 2.9 3.3 5.3 6.4 1.8 1.8 Lumber and wood products (except furniture)... Furniture and fi x t u r e s ........................... F a b r i c a t e d metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and transportation e q u i p m e n t )..... NONDURABLE G O O D S .......................................................................... T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s ............................. A p parel and other finished textile products... Paper and allied p r o d u c t s ........................ R ubber p r o d u c t s .................................... Leather and leather p r o d u c t s .................... .8 .8 1.3 3 .6 4.0 4.0 4.4 2 .8 2 .0 4.2 4.4 1.7 1.7 1 .4 1.7 2 .1 1.7 I .7 2 .0 1.7 2.4 1*9 1.7 1.5 1.6 2.4 _2/'These figures are based on a slightly smaller sample than those in tables B - l and B - 2 , inasmuch as some firms do not report separate data for women. 31 Hours and Earnings Table C -l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees Average weekly earnings Industry M a r. 19*57 Feb. 1957 Average weekly hours M a r. M ar. Feb. 41.5 39.1 42.4 41.1 38.8 1956 1957 1957 Average hourly earnings M a r. M a r. Feb. M ar. 41.9 $2.36 2.54 2.35 $2.35 2.54 2.34 $2.27 2.38 2.18 2.16 2.26 2.11 1956 1957 1957 1956 MINING: $97-53 99.31 98.37 $95.11 92.34 99.21 z i n c m i n i n g ......................... $97.TO 99-57 98 .9* 90.25 88.78 88.62 41.4 39.2 42.1 41.4 ANTHRACITE.............................. 79-79 95.36 71.32 27 .8 32.0 28.3 2.87 2.98 2.52 BITUMINOUS-COAL......................... 109.29 II2 .5I 102.38 37.3 38.4 38.2 2.93 2.93 2.68 P e t r oleum and natural-gas production ( e x c e p t c o n t r a c t s e r v i c e s ) ............... 101.15 IOI.9I 99.38 40.3 40.6 40.4 2.51 2 .5I 2.46 NONMETALLIC MINING AND QUARRYING....... 84.20 84.05 81.27 43.4 43.1 43 .O I .94 1.95 1.89 CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION.................... 104. 03 104.88 94.50 36.5 36.8 35.0 2.85 2.85 2.70 101.24 93.09 91.88 39.5 40.0 39.2 39.7 40.3 39.3 37-5 37.4 37.5 2.55 106.50 84.90 96.38 2.56 2.30 c o n s t r u c t i o n ........... 101.12 92.00 107.02 2.73 2.31 2.71 2.45 2.27 2.57 C O N S T R U C T I O N ............................................................... IO5 .I2 IO 5 .7 O 95.15 36.0 36.2 34.6 2.92 2.92 2.75 GENERAL CONTRACTORS..................... 96.29 98.55 87.98 35.4 36.1 34.1 2.72 2.73 2.58 99.81 36.3 3.05 3 .O6 2.94 3-37 2.97 3.04 3.07 2.92 39.5 35.1 34.9 37.7 33.9 39 .O 33.1 2.97 2.86 2.88 2.81 3 .O8 2.81 METAL MINING............................ Lead and 43.9 42.0 CRUDE-PETROLEUM AND NATURAL-GAS PRODUCTION: NONBUILDING Other C O N S T R U C T I O N ..................................................... nonbuilding BUILDING SPECIAL-TRADE CONTRACTORS.............. P l u m b i n g a n d h e a t i n g ......................... P a i n t i n g a n d d e c o r a t i n g ..................... E l e c t r i c a l w o r k ................................ O t h e r s p e c i a l - t r a d e c o n t r a c t o r s ........ . II6.89 IO2 .3 I 133 .*5 117.27 120.12 10*.25 99-57 130.75 104.25 93.01 36.4 38.2 34.8 39.6 35.1 MANUFACTURING............................. 82.21 82.41 78.78 40.1 40.2 40.4 2 .O5 2.05 1.95 88.73 73.30 88.75 73.10 84.25 70.49 40.7 39.2 40.9 39*3 40.9 39.6 2.18 2.17 1.87 1.86 2.06 G O O D S ................................................................................ ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES.... ........... 95.68 96.18 88.80 41.6 42.0 41.3 2.30 2.29 2.15 FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS.............. 77.41 87.96 92.29 83.7* 75.11 39.9 2.23 39.5 *1.7 42.9 41.3 37.3 40.6 41.6 42.1 40.9 42.7 44.3 41.9 37.5 I .94 2.21 83.03 73.44 40.3 40.4 41.0 39.8 41.6 42.6 41.4 38.2 27.4 39.3 4¿.7 44.1 42.8 40.0 40.3 38.9 1.94 90.09 94.71 84.77 I .85 2.07 2.13 2.03 I .72 I .70 NONDURABLE D a i r y p r o d u c t s ................................. C o n d e n s e d a n d e v a p o r a t e d m i l k ........... Canning a n d p r e s e r v i n g ...................... 111.02 75.89 78.51 78.88 61.92 51.17 C a n n e d fruits, v e g e t a b l e s , and soups.. G r a i n - m i l l p r o d u c t s .......................... F l o u r and other g r a i n - m i l l products... Bread and other ¿2. bakeiry p r o d u c t s ........ 65 .8V 110.35 78.18 108.58 95.26 86.11 39-8 89.67 40.3 75.30 76.68 78.66 62.65 75.31 76.26 65.63 81.98 77-35 46.31 80.79 84.87 77.11 73.82 75.58 87.32 77-47 74.00 75.76 65.07 66.52 59.63 53.57 30.1 62.86 38.5 42.3 82.03 43.3 73.79 42.6 71.33 39*9 72.72 40.2 65 .ll 38.5 38.2 34 .I 31.7 38.8 42.5 43.4 42.9 40.3 40.4 39.7 2.29 2.12 1.82 1.83 I.9I 1.66 1.70 1.71 1.91 1.96 1.81 1.85 1.88 1.69 3.31 2.31 2.13 1.81 I .80 I .90 1.64 1.69 1.67 I .92 1.98 I .81 1.85 1.88 I .71 1.78 1.82 I .59 I .69 1.62 1.82 1.89 1.72 1 .77 1.80 1.64 Hours and Earnings Table C -l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees - Continued Industry Mar. 1957 Average weekly earnings Average weekly hours Feb. 1957 Mar. 1956 Mar. $82.42 85.75 83.07 63.84 $76.61 Average hourly earninés 1957 Feb. 1957 Mar. 1956 Mar. 1957 Feb. 1957 Mar. 1956 40.9 41.1 39-5 40.2 40.0 39-* 40.7 39-0 4o.6 39-7 42.6 39.9 39.6 39.6 40.7 39-2 39.9 40.3 37.6 39.3 39.2 39.9 40.9 39.5 $2.06 $2.03 1.56 2.19 I .60 1.56 2.17 1.58 2.64 $ 1.92 2.04 1.92 1.52 1.48 37-9 41.1 41.6 44.6 38.2 41.4 40.9 45.4 38.7 41.3 *1.3 44.5 2.21 2.21 I .85 37-9 39-6 37.0 38.5 39.7 37.7 37.8 39.2 36.7 36.4 37.8 1.52 39.9 41.4 39.4 39.6 39.8 40.7 40.4 39.9 40.5 42.6 40.2 37.8 39.2 FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS - Continued $84.25 C a n e - s u g a r r e f i n i n g ............................ B e e t s u g a r ........................................ C o n f e c t i o n e r y a n d r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s ........ B e v e r a g e s ................... ................. B o t t l e d s o f t d r i n k s ............................ M a l t l i q u o r s ..................................... Distilled, rectified, and blended M i s c e l l a n e o u s f o o d p r o d u c t s .................. C o r n s i r u p , s u g a r , oil , a n d s t a r c h ....... M a n u f a c t u r e d i c e ................................ TOBACCO MANUFACTURES...................... 89.60 80.19 64.32 62.40 61.78 58.02 85.93 64.31 103.49 84.59 63.40 100.73 83.76 84.42 76.59 87.53 73-55 80.U 71.45 56.98 71.06 55-57 67.03 46.61 56.42 50.27 36.9 38.7 57.06 38.8 39.1 41.4 39.0 39.0 39.5 39.1 103.74 75.21 89.44 72.70 57.61 48.10 57.92 49.45 49.01 57.56 49.15 58.20 62.65 52.99 58.65 65.83 53.82 54.21 55.30 56.70 55-10 56.47 54.99 52.99 54.99 Cotton, silk, synthetic f i b e r .............. 56.26 55.06 57.61 54.43 65.92 60.70 53.80 59-44 58.75 59.66 47.70 50.92 47.22 K n i t u n d e r w e a r ................................... D y e i n g a n d f i n i s h i n g t e x t i l e s ............... Dyeing and f i n i shing textiles (except C a r p e t s , r u g s , o t h e r f l o o r c o v e r i n g s ...... W o o l c a r p e t s , r u g s , a n d c a r p e t y a r n ..... H a t s ( e x c e p t c l o t h a n d m i l l i n e r y ) .......... Pelt goods (excerpt w o v e n felts and Pa d dings and u p h o l s t e r y filling....:.... P r o c e s s e d w aste and r e c o v e r e d fibers.... A r t i f i c i a l leather, oilcloth, and Cordage a n d t w i n e ....................... ...... 72.19 59.74 86.29 65.12 71.28 TEXTILE-MILL PRODUCTS..................... 82.21 56.10 50.14 66.49 60 .40 53.94 59-59 58.60 59.82 48.15 51.51 48.01 55.43 49.87 67.98 68.15 67.98 75-44 73.20 68.15 78.26 60.65 69.26 61.15 69.26 77.52 75-81 67.64 74.74 71.62 72.38 57.54 85.27 59.85 86.10 57-55 67.28 59-70 83.01 68.98 64.58 52.01 52.67 52.54 56.17 54.94 57.46 5*. 27 65.18 57.89 53.30 60.76 58.29 61.62 44.93 47.32 44.67 55.42 51.74 64.43 64.27 75-00 73.16 55.17 36.2 39-4 38.4 38.4 390 38.8 38.5 37-9 38.6 41.2 40.2 37.1 38.1 38.4 38.0 35-6 36.9 35.5 37-4 36.6 41.2 41.2 41.0 40.0 36.1 65.69 40.5 66.02 65.84 66.36 41.2 53.54 83.61 57-86 38.0 41.4 41.4 41.8 39-9 36.2 38.8 37.4 39.0 41.3 40.0 37.2 38 .^ 38.3 38.1 36.2 38.6 37.2 36.4 41.3 39.5 35.1 36.4 34.9 37.7 39.2 41.3 41.3 42.3 41.9 36.4 40.5 37.6 36.1 2.18 2.03 1.60 2.66 1.83 2.15 1.63 1.80 2.16 1.95 1.60 2.14 1.62 1.48 1.79 1.30 1.30 1.60 I .34 1.59 1.27 1.50 1.50 1.59 1.38 1.41 l.*5 1.43 1.52 1.41 1.59 1.38 1.39 1.40 1.45 1.42 1.51 1.41 1.60 1.61 1.51 l.*5 1.56 1.53 1.57 1.34 1.51 1.45 1.56 1.53 1.57 1.33 1.37 1.33 1.49 1.37 1.38 1.38 1.33 1.50 1.37 2.12 1.55 2.55 2.07 1.73 2.01 1.55 1.47 1.71 1.27 1.55 1.33 1.43 I .56 1.32 1.33 1.32 1.38 1.36 1.44 1.34 1.53 1.44 1.41 1.55 1.51 1.56 1.28 1.30 1.28 1.47 1.32 1.65 1.65 1.56 41.2 41.9 41.1 3*.7 40.3 1.65 1.56 1.83 1.68 1.65 I .85 I .85 1.68 1-71 1.71 1.79 1.78 1.59 1.63 40.4 37.8 41.6 42.0 39.3 38.5 39.5 41.5 1.84 1.78 1.73 1.39 1.85 1.68 42.0 43.1 39.9 2.04 1.50 2.05 1.50 39.8 1.84 1.78 1.74 1.37 1.71 1.68 1.29 1.94 1.45 33 Hours anti Ea mm r*os Table C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees - Continued Industry APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE PRODUCTS................................. Men’ s and boys' suits and co a t s .......... Men's and boys' furnishings and work Women's o u t e r w e a r ........................... Women’ s d r e s s e s ............................ Women's suits, coats, and sk i r t s ........ Women's, children's under g a rments ....... Underwear and n i g h t w e a r , ' except corsets. Corsets and allied garm e n t s .............. Children's o u t e r w e a r ....................... Miscellaneous apparel and accessories.... Other fabricated textile p r o d u c t s ........ Curtains, draperies, and other house- LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT FURNITURE)............................... Sawmills and planing m i l l s ................ Sawmills and planing mills, general ..... Mar. 1957 Average weekly earnings shelving, lockers, and Screens, blinds, and miscellaneous furni- 3* Mar. 19*57 Feb. 19*57 Mar. 19*56 36.5 36.4 36.7 37.3 $1.48 1.75 $1.48 1.76 $1.43 1.67 46.98 46.31 48.99 47.88 46.48 46.21 48.36 45.40 57.64 55.62 46.83 70.45 45.76 45.51 47.25 42.00 56.83 57.67 45.88 65.14 48.18 45.75 51.55 64.21 47.21 49.37 52.50 36.7 35.9 37.4 39.9 36.6 36.1 36.9 36.7 37.8 37.5 1.28 1.27 1.29 1.31 1.20 58.12 57-96 47.62 69.01 49.55 49.58 49.13 55-42 47.50 52.64 69.27 51.27 49.73 55.86 49.52 58.46 55.81 48.86 59-35 55-20 47.60 69.17 68.73 67.72 69.25 47.49 52.85 72.90 51.00 68.99 69.38 72.35 68.82 69.21 48.12 86.18 74.21 48.08 87.32 74.30 71.78 79.90 35.8 35.2 36.3 34.2 37.0 37.4 36.3 38.7 37.7 36.3 38.0 1.36 1.36 1.37 1.47 1.31 1.48 1.42 1.31 1.48 1.43 1.29 1.43 1.40 1.71 1.74 1.75 1.19 36.2 1.61 36.5 36.7 32.9 36.5 1.28 2.06 36.3 36.9 1.46 I .80 36.6 36.6 37.4 37.5 1.6l 1.35 1.28 1.38 1.47 1.30 1.17 1.6l 1.58 1.29 2.06 1.34 1.27 1.45 1.79 37.8 39.5 39.3 37.3 40.1 38.6 36.9 39.7 39.1 39.3 39.2 39.2 40.1 38.3 39.5 39.1 39.1 40.1 37.8 39.6 39.8 39*8 40.4 38.3 1.76 1.76 1.77 1.74 1.76 1.77 1.21 2.28 1.20 2.28 38.9 39.5 40.6 40.1 42.5 40.8 41.2 40.9 1.86 1.86 2.28 1.83 1.79 39.9 40.0 41.0 69.14 65.60 68.47 40.3 40.1 40.2 40.0 41.0 40.9 1.73 1.64 1.64 1.72 1.67 I .60 58.98 72.86 59.63 72.32 41.7 40.4 38.9 1.46 1.84 1.86 1.88 1.43 1.79 70.02 40.4 39.6 39.0 1.47 1.83 73.32 40.4 40.2 38.7 1.80 79-13 80.09 41.0 42.0 40.4 42.6 44.4 42.4 1.94 1.88 1.68 2.15 1.93 1 .6l 2.15 71.39 76.07 55-55 55.04 60.94 59.39 73.57 71.98 69.65 36.0 37.2 33.5 36.7 37.1 36.2 40.5 37.5 35.6 37.7 38.8 56.71 56.44 72.86 65.76 56.77 54.74 36.1 37.2 1.24 1.24 1.25 1.12 1.57 1.58 1.25 1.98 1.32 1.25 1.42 1.74 1.29 1.32 1.40 1.28 39.9 39.6 40.9 39.4 39.6 40.9 72.68 69.72 Partitions, Mar. 1956 36.6 36.6 FURNITURE AND FIXTURES.................... Office, public-building, and professional f u r n i t u r e . .................................. Wood office f u r n i t u r e ..................... ITeb. 1957 $52.48 62.29 Wooden boxes, other than c i g a r .......... Miscellaneous wood p r o d u c t s ............... Wood household furniture, upholstered... Mar. 1957 $54.02 64.06 56.26 56.00 61.50 Wood household furniture, except Mar. 1 1956 Average hourly earnings $5^.17 64.05 48.52 87.32 Millwork, plywood, and prefabricated structural wood p r o d u c t s .................. Fab. 1957 Average weekly hours 58.49 65.44 38.8 1.84 1.84 1.41 1.40 1.84 1.86 1.41 1.39 1.88 1.50 1.49 1.39 1.37 1.43 86.65 67.62 86.86 86.92 41.1 41.5 40.3 85>9 84.66 79.20 41.1 40.9 39.6 2.08 2.07 2.00 67.60 66.53 67.16 40.0 39.6 41.2 1.69 1.68 1.63 79-73 66.40 74.59 1.60 2.05 Hours and Earnings Table C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees - Continued Industry PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS................. Average weekly earnings Mar. 1957 $84.60 92.66 P aperboard containers and b o x e s ........... 77.87 77.64 Fiber cans, tubes, and d r u m s .............. Other paper and allied p r o d u c t s ........... 80.19 PRINTING, PUBLISHING, AND ALLIED INDUSTRIES............................... Tali. 1957 $84.80 93.08 77.08 76.86 81.20 74.85 75.03 96.36 99.76 95-23 98.84 100.00 85.01 96.39 96.62 99.60 84.80 94.80 Average weekly hours 112.79 112.22 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS............ 88.78 88.78 Alkalies and c h l o r i n e ...... ............... 97.75 95-47 9*.19 96.93 95.71 9^.25 98.51 97.21 Soap and g l y c e r i n .......................... Paints, pigments, and fillers............. Paints, varnishes, lacquers, and Pert i l i z e r s .................................. Vegetable and animal oils and f a t s ....... Animal oils and f a t s ....................... Compressed and liquified g a s e s ........... PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AND COAL........... Petroleum r e f i n i n g .......................... Coke, other petroleum and coal products.. RUBBER PRODUCTS........................... 81.39 Leather: tanned, curried, and finished... Industrial leather belting and packing... Boot and shoe cut stock and find i n g s ..... Footwear (except r u b b e r ) ................... 426587 0 - 5 7 - 7 111.44 39-3 39.1 39.8 2.87 2.87 2.80 84.46 93-48 90.76 89 .5V 90.50 41.1 40.9 40.8 40.6 42.1 40.8 39-9 40.9 40.8 41.1 40.9 40.9 40.8 41.9 40.7 40.2 41.1 41.0 41.2 41.0 40.7 40.7 41.9 41.5 39.6 40.0 40.9 2.16 2.16 2.05 2.39 2.34 2.37 2.34 2.31 2.23 41.5 41.2 40.8 41.2 41.1 40.9 41.5 41.0 41.7 88.83 40.8 42.0 43.5 44.3 44.4 44.1 40.7 39.1 42.0 41.0 42.4 42.2 44.6 45.3 43.6 40.6 39.1 42.3 103.82 107.18 92.66 40.6 40.6 40.8 40.8 40.7 41.2 41.2 40.6 42.9 106.19 72.10 81.18 84.93 97.25 71.34 76.99 40.6 40.4 39-6 40.9 40.9 41.0 39-V 41.0 39.5 38.9 39.2 40.1 2.56 1.84 1.99 58.60 56.92 74.00 38.0 38.3 39-V 40.7 38.7 38.2 40.0 39.1 36.9 1.54 1.92 1.87 1.47 1.49 82.20 Other rubber p r o d u c t s ....................... LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS............. 1.82 85.69 90.13 103.42 72.86 58.52 75-07 75-55 55.71 56.47 2.37 2.42 1.71 2.38 2.44 2.38 2.05 2.30 2.34 1.59 1.86 85.07 Tires and inner t u b e s ...................... 2.12 1.87 93.11 101.93 87.9V 104.75 108.40 93.02 2.12 2.49 1.70 93.79 68.03 2.72 1.83 38.6 82.00 9^-50 2.40 2 80 1.88 2.02 Feb. "IKr; ■ 1956 1957 $2.00 $1.89 2.00 2.13 1.88 1.80 I .87 1.79 2.02 1.93 1.74 1.83 39.0 81.60 85.27 75.60 70.91 77.08 70.15 87.32 81 .40 2.48 43.0 44.4 41.5 41.6 40.8 41.7 Mar. 1957 $2.00 2.13 1.89 39-6 104.19 87.78 2.49 • 2.81 2.50 1957 39-6 104.86 79-1*0 91.21 101.76 39.0 36.3 40.0 40.3 40.3 40.1 93.60 98.74 95-20 64.77 74.05 Soap, cleaning and polishing 38.4 35-3 40.0 40.0 40.0 39-V $81.27 88.80 74.70 74.46 78.74 72.56 93.83 61.37 70.98 Plastics, except synthetic r u b b e r ....... 38.7 35-5 40.0 40.1 40.5 39-6 Mar. 95-35 65.15 73.66 Bookbinding and related industries....... M iscellaneous publishing and printing Mar. 1956 42.3 43.5 41.2 41.3 39-7 40.9 Tab. 1957 42.4 43-7 41.0 41.1 40.2 41.0 Mar. 1956 82.62 92.69 Average hourly earnings 80.00 91.24 76.32 69.63 75-37 68.40 85.89 80.79 67.25 95.18 104.45 107.86 93.52 91.21 75.65 75.70 56.50 56.39 102.51 76.03 84.00 77.71 89.64 97.17 72.93 64.45 73.37 66.58 84.41 77-14 65.57 69.60 52.40 55-39 38.1 39.1 40.4 37-9 37-9 30.1 38.1 2.32 2.34 2.57 1.99 2.23 2.00 2.26 2.32 2.56 2.28 2.20 2.16 1.99 2.47 1.92 2.22 2.00 2.10 1.90 2.26 2.16 2.47 2.15 2.48 2.15 2.37 2.04 41.1 42.9 42.4 44.2 43.8 44.9 40.6 2.09 2.09 2.00 1.70 38.8 1.74 2.25 42.5 38.2 1.80 1.63 1.74 1.58 1.98 2.00 1.80 1.65 1.69 1.51 1.97 1.99 1.72 1.52 1.66 1.52 1.88 1.90 1.69 2.25 2.09 2.58 2.67 2.56 2.52 2.64 2.28 2.27 2.16 2.23 2.59 1.83 2.15 2.50 2.22 2.65 1.82 1.98 1.92 1.53 1.92 1.49 1.86 1.46 1.48 1.85 1.78 1.42 1.45 Hours and Earnings Table C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees - Continued Average weekly hours Average weekly earnings Industry Average hourly earnings Mar. 1957 Feb. 1957 Mar. 1956 Mar. 1957 Feb. 1957 Mar. 1956 Mar. 1957 Feb. 1957 Mar. 1956 $ 62.92 54.10 49*73 $62.59 53.82 49.82 $ 60.20 50.63 48.47 38.6 38.1 38.4 37.9 36.9 38.1 37.5 37.0 $ 1.63 1.42 1.37 $1.63 1.42 1.35 $1.58 1.35 1.31 78.31 4o.7 40.5 40.6 40.6 39.7 39.8 39.6 39.6 40.8 39.8 39.8 40.0 40.2 39.5 37.9 43.1 43.4 39.8 41.0 40.3 40.3 40.6 39-9 41.3 41.2 41.0 41.7 40.8 40.5 39-8 37-9 43.8 44.0 40.2 2.01 110.02 2.00 2.82 2.06 2.08 1.91 2.73 I .96 1.98 1.94 1.63 1.91 1.77 1.65 LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS - Continued L u g g a g e .............................................. H a n d b a g s a n d s m a l l l e a t h e r g o o d s ........... G l o v e s and m i s c e l l a n e o u s leat h e r goods... STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS.......... Glass and glassware, pressed or b l o w n . . . . P r e s s e d a n d b l o w n g l a s s ...................... Gla s s produ c t s made of p u r c h a s e d glass... C e m e n t , h y d r a u l i c ................................ S t r u c t u r a l c l a y p r o d u c t s ...................... B r i c k a n d h o l l o w t i l e ......................... F l o o r a n d w a l l t i l e ............................ C l a y r e f r a c t o r i e s .............................. P o t t e r y a n d r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s ................ Concrete, gypsum, and p l a s t e r products... C o n c r e t e p r o d u c t s .............................. C u t - s t o n e a n d s t o n e p r o d u c t s ................ Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral A b r a s i v e p r o d u c t s .............................. A s b e s t o s p r o d u c t s ......................... . ... N o n c l a y r e f r a c t o r i e s .......................... PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES................. Blast furnaces, steel works, and r olling 81.81 112.59 P r i m a r y s m e l t i n g and r e f i n i n g of n o n f e r r o u s m e t a l s .............................. P r i m a r y s m e l t i n g and r e f i n i n g of P r i m a r y r e f i n i n g o f a l u m i n u m ............... S e c o n d a r y smelting and refining of n o n f e r r o u s m e t a l s .............................. Rolling, drawing and a l loying of n o n f e r r o u s m e t a l s .............................. Rolling, drawing, and alloying of Rolling, drawing, Miscellaneous Welded and alloying primary metal of industries... a n d h e a v y - r i v e t e d p i p e .............. 36 2.78 2.06 2.08 77.83 73.16 84.14 72.77 79.74 77.25 69.83 69.65 67.54 39.8 40.0 39.6 40.0 41.0 40.1 40.4 40.2 40.2 39.7 38.2 42.9 43.0 39.9 86.72 92.21 89.25 93.85 87.35 91.13 88.41 100.45 80.59 85.79 82.15 90.40 41.1 40.8 42.1 39-6 41.4 40.5 42.1 41.0 40.7 39-9 41.7 40.0 2.11 2.2 6 2.12 2.37 2.45 2.26 98.65 99.14 95-12 40.1 40.3 41.0 2.46 2.46 2.32 104.54 105.06 99-14 39.9 40.1 40.3 2.62 2.62 2.46 104.94 105.46 90.85 99.54 39.9 40.3 40.6 41.4 41.0 40.9 42.9 2.63 2.27 2.19 2.15 2.13 2.31 2.63 86.88 2.47 2.14 2.09 2.04 2.05 81.99 83.20 81.78 82.78 80.39 80.39 69.30 84.46 72.83 66.07 70.80 85.28 73.38 67.47 75.58 73.57 84.56 73.34 80.22 B l a s t furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills, except electr ome tal lur gic al E l e c t r o m e t a l l u r g i c a l p r o d u c t s .............. I r o n a n d s t e e l f o u n d r i e s ...................... G r a y - i r o n f o u n d r i e s ............................ 81.20 114.49 36.3 74.80 78.99 80.39 77.41 67.32 78.69 72.57 68.81 73.85 71.69 80.40 70.49 78.84 76.12 2.03 1.77 1.83 2.03 1.75 2.07 1.83 1.67 1.88 1.83 1.66 1.87 1.82 1.87 1.81 1.92 1.85 1.78 1.75 1.75 2.11 1.98 2.25 2.15 1.97 2.08 2.13 1.92 2.13 2.10 1.81 1.77 2.02 1.86 1.80 1.73 1.68 84.07 85.39 83.64 83.85 38.6 95.24 39.2 42.0 40.1 40.2 39.8 39.1 39.9 41.5 93.15 93-02 88.99 40.5 40.8 41.2 2.30 2.28 89.13 100.35 88.94 86.32 93.02 40.7 40.3 40.8 40.7 41.3 40.8 2.19 2.49 2.18 100.94 2.48 2.28 87.57 86.51 84.18 41.7 41.0 42.3 2.10 2.11 1.99 93.32 92.86 95.22 40.4 40.2 42.7 2.31 2.31 2.23 92.23 91.77 98.78 40.1 39.9 43.9 2.30 2.30 2.25 95.18 91.35 95.34 91.35 102.09 90.64 40.5 40.6 41.1 41.9 41.0 39.9 40.4 40.6 41.5 42.0 41.4 40.6 41.2 40.7 42.4 42.6 42.4 41.6 2.35 2.25 2.46 2.36 2.25 2.46 2.20 2.61 2.61 2.36 90.80 86.51 82.99 83.50 97-02 101.11 109.36 96.76 96.56 87.16 96.28 109.62 97.70 98.25 86.53 87.10 99.64 105.65 96.25 9V-V3 k o .o 39-5 2.36 2.42 2.26 2.19 2.15 2.14 2.32 2.42 2.22 2.16 2.09 2.14 2.35 2.48 2.27 2.27 Hours and Earnings Table C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees - Continued Industry Average weekly earnings Mar. 1956 Mar. 83.63 $83.23 90.09 78.78 83.01 86.67 79.60 V0.9 40.6 40.3 40.8 39-8 40.4 41.0 40.7 40.4 40.5 40.1 V 0 .5 82.35 83.55 83.39 84.63 79 .vo 83.10 39-V 38.5 81.99 92.18 91-54 83.02 77.62 85.49 93.06 91.93 87.31 92.18 91.94 86.48 91.98 91.96 Mar. 19*57 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORDNANCE, MACHINERY, AND TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT). $ 87.53 T in cans and other t i n w a r e ................ Cutlery, hand tools, and ha r d w a r e ........ H a r d w a r e ..................................... Heating apparatus (except electric) and S anitary ware and plumbers' supplies.... Oil burners, nonelectric heating and cooking apparatus, not elsewhere Fabricated structural metal p r o d u c t s ..... S tructural steel and ornamental metal Metal doors, sash, frames, molding, and t r i m ....................................... Boiler-shop p r o ducts..................... Sheet-metal w o r k .......................... Metal stamping^ coating, and engraving... Stamped and pressed metal products...... Lighting f i x t u r e s ........................... Fabricated wire p r o d u c ts ................... Miscellaneous fabricated metal products.. Metal shipping barrels, drums, kegs, 91.76 83.82 75.07 82.78 87.26 87.64 71.23 91.58 77.81 82.42 90.52 99.96 MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL)............ Steam engines, turbines, and water Diesel and other internal-combustion engines, not elsewhere classified...... Agricultural machinery and tr a c t o r s ...... Agricultural machinery (except t r a c t o r s ).................................. Construction and mining mac h i n e r y ........ Construction and mining machinery, except for oil f i e l ds.................... Oil field machinery and t o o l s ............ Machine t o o l s ............................... Metalworking machinery (except machine Machine-tool a c c essbries.................. Special-industry machinery (except metal working machin e r y ) ........................ Food-products machi n e r y ................... Textile m a c h i n e r y .......................... Paper-industries m a chinery............... Printing-trades machinery and equipment. Feb. 1957 Average weekly hours Feb. 1957 Average hourly earnings Mar. 1957 Feb. 1957 Mar. 1956 41.0 41.9 40.4 40.5 41.0 40.0 $2.14 $2.14 2.26 2 .0Ô 2.26 2.08 2.16 2.07 1.83 2.07 2.14 $2.03 2.15 1.95 1.75 1.99 1.99 39-9 39-0 39-5 39-2 2.09 2.17 2.09 2.17 2.01 2.12 39-8 Vl.9 40.3 41.8 39-6 41-3 2.06 2.20 2.06 2.19 I .96 2.07 85.70 V2 .3 42.0 41.4 2.20 2.19 2.07 40.8 41.9 41.6 40.2 40.7 40.7 39.7 40.6 42.3 40.6 42.0 41.8 40.7 39.8 40.8 39-8 40.2 42.3 40.6 41.3 41.6 41.0 2.14 2.13 2.19 38.8 81.20 90.10 83.23 85.90 86.53 86.10 65.57 89.21 71.76 78.74 85.65 1.75 2.25 I .96 2.03 2.14 96.05 97.44 42.0 41.1 43.0 40.7 40.3 42.4 43.1 43.5 40.8 42.5 42.9 $ 87.74 91.98 74.12 87.91 69.25 90.98 78.41 70.88 81.59 1957 Mar. .1956 41.3 39.0 40.8 42.4 1.84 2.20 2.21 2.18 2.20 2.16 1.74 2.23 1.97 2.02 2.05 2.08 2.08 2.10 I .69 2.16 1.84 1.93 2.13 2.02 2.38 2.34 2.17 2.36 2.10 2.09 2.24 2.15 2.07 1.97 96.17 91.36 90.30 93-50 91.58 95-30 98.71 95-11 92.01 95.60 41.8 41.3 41.9 41.3 42.4 42.3 2.28 2.39 2.27 2.39 2.17 98.71 113.71 110.85 99.96 43.V 42.8 42.0 2.62 2.59 2.38 93.38 91. V3 93.20 94.66 89.50 40.8 39.6 39-8 42.4 40.5 40.7 2.32 2.26 2.24 2.14 90.35 Vo .6 40.1 40.0 2.30 2.28 92.73 94.98 86.67 2.33 2.33 2.22 89.47 93.86 86.07 93.86 82.81 92.88 40.3 41.9 39-3 41.9 40.2 43.2 2.22 2.24 2.19 2.24 2.15 93.86 93.44 111.05 93-41 94.75 93.96 41.9 110.86 108.07 104.19 45.9 2.24 2.23 2.49 2.39 2.24 2.24 2.48 2.39 2.16 2.11 107.07 41.7 42.3 44.7 44.8 43.5 42.4 105.16 41.9 44.6 44.0 100.11 120.52 100.11 118.36 42.6 46.0 42.6 45.7 44.0 46.1 2.35 114.79 2.62 2.35 2.59 2.24 2.49 90.09 91 .9V 77.11 101.15 102.53 90.73 90.03 78.25 101.77 104.16 41.9 41.6 40.8 46.4 42.9 42.2 41.3 41.4 46.9 43.4 43.0 42.7 41.5 2.15 2.15 2.06 2.12 45.8 2.21 I .89 2.18 2.06 43.7 2.39 2.17 2.40 90.08 87.72 87.98 84.51 89.46 98.56 88.58 90.52 75-95 9V.35 101.38 4a. 1 45.6 2.32 2.16 2.18 I .89 2.26 2.06 2.37 2.27 1.83 2.32 37 Hours and Earnings Table C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees - Continued Industry MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL) - Continued General industrial m a c h i n e r y .............. Pumps, air and gas compr e s s o r s ........... Conveyors and conveying equ i p m e n t ....... Blowers, exhaust and ventilating fans... Industrial trucks, tractors, e t c ........ M echanical power-transmission equipment. Mechanical stokers and industrial furnaces and o v e n s ........................ Office and store machines and devices.... Computing machines and cash registers... T y p e w r i t e r s ................................. S e rvice-industry and household machines.. Domestic laundry e q uipment ............... C ommercial laundry, dry-cleaning, and Sewing m a c h i n e s ............................ Refrigerators and air-conditioning F abricated pipe, fittings, and valves... Ball and roller b e a r i n g s .................. Machine shops (job and r e p a i r ) ........... ELECTRICAL MACHINERY.......................................... Electrical generating, transmission, distribution, and industrial apparatus.. Carbon and graphite products Electrical indicating, measuring, and recording i n s t r u m ents .................... Motors, generators, and motor-generator s e t s ........................................ Power and distribution transformers..... Switchgear, switchboard, and industrial Electrical welding appar a t u s ............. Electrical a p p l i a n c es ...................... Insulated wire and c a b l e ................... Electrical equipment for v e h i c l e s ........ Electric l a m p s ............................... Communication e q u i p ment .................... Radios, phonographs, television sets, and e q u i p m e n t .............................. Radio t u b e s ................................. Telephone, telegraph, and related e q u i p m e n t .................................. Miscellaneous electrical p r o d u c t s ........ Storage b a t t e r i e s .......................... Primary batteries (dry and w e t ) ......... X -ray and non-radio electronic tubes.... 38 Average weekly Average weekly earnings Mar. 1957 Feb. 1957 $93.21 90.92 97.86 $93.44 92.43 86.69 89.87 96.60 85.65 98.56 88.18 hours Mar. 1956 $ 91.59 90.94 95.24 84.85 88.18 Average hourly earnings Mar. 1957 Feb. 1957 Mar. 1956 Mar. 1957 Feb. 1957 Mar. 1956 41.8 41.9 42.0 40.7 40.3 42.0 41.9 42.4 42.3 40.4 39.9 42.1 42.6 43.1 42.9 41.8 41.4 42.7 $2.23 2.17 2.33 2.13 2.23 $2.23 $2.15 2.33 2.11 2.22 42.0 40.7 41.0 39.9 40.1 39.0 41.4 40.7 41.4 39.4 40.5 38.7 2.18 2.03 2.13 2.30 2.12 2.21 2.2 6 41.8 40.5 40.7 40.2 40.7 40.9 2.23 2.19 2.38 1.94 2.19 2.21 2.14 2.19 2.38 1.93 2.19 2.18 95.15 93.09 89.13 85.46 97.58 77Al 91.49 89.13 98.53 76.04 87.82 86.58 88.70 85.91 85.28 87.78 79-20 86.11 82.10 41.4 89.02 39.9 40.0 39.5 42.1 41.6 2.06 2.20 2.18 1.95 2.14 88.62 91.69 89.95 91.02 93.91 90.58 92.13 91.24 91.24 93-93 84.84 87.57 87.34 87.15 88.41 40.1 41.3 40.7 41.0 42.3 40.8 41.5 41.1 41.1 42.5 40.4 41.5 41.2 41.5 41.9 2.21 2.22 2.21 2.22 2,22 2.22 2.22 2.22 2.22 2.21 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.10 2.11 83.43 83.64 78.96 40.5 40.6 40.7 2.06 2.06 1.94 88.94 88.54 77.57 84.05 74.52 40.8 40.1 40.8 40.4 41.2 40.5 2.18 2.17 77.39 1.93 1.92 2.04 1.84 85.68 84.65 83.82 40.8 40.5 41.7 2.10 2.09 2.01 81.00 81.61 76.55 40.1 40.4 40.5 2.02 2.02 1.89 92.39 94.94 91.53 94.76 87.95 86.94 40.7 41.1 40.5 41.2 41.1 41.8 2.27 2.31 2.30 2.08 92.13 101.15 91.72 100.25 82.74 84.45 85.32 77.55 79.98 84.86 101.24 41.5 43.4 39.4 41.6 39.5 40.6 40.6 41.6 44.6 2.22 2.32 2.11 2.21 2.31 78.01 81.18 83.01 41.5 43.6 39.3 41.7 39.4 40.6 40.5 42.5 40.1 41.9 40.3 2.04 2.14 1.91 I .98 2.04 2.27 1.97 1.91 2.07 76.80 69.56 76.40 71.82 40.0 39.3 40.0 39.1 39-9 39.0 1.77 98.67 100.53 80.80 82.01 95.04 76.92 89.54 67.43 83.82 89.10 87.60 88.61 42.9 40.4 40.2 40.2 40.5 43.9 40.6 40.7 39.9 40.0 43.2 40.7 40.3 40.2 41.6 93.66 82.92 85.07 84.32 77-55 80.19 88.44 68.34 68.82 89.45 91.98 79.19 85.47 87.53 75-42 74.96 65.52 64.32 39.6 2.22 2.22 1.98 2.26 2.10 2.03 2.16 2.11 2.26 1.97 2.10 2.14 2.14 1.91 1.97 1.80 1.86 1.91 1.76 1.80 1.68 2.30 2.29 2.00 2.20 1.70 2.02 2.20 I .69 2.20 1.89 2.08 1.60 2.20 2.19 2.13 1.92 Hours and Earnings Table C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees - Continued Industry TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT.................. Average weekly earnings Mar. 1957 $ 96.87 95-44 $98.29 98.74 96.23 84.61 79.54 99.80 83.79 78.93 98.94 98.56 Feb. 1957 Motor vehicles, bodies, parts, and Truck and bus b o d i e s ....................... Trailers (truck and a u tomobile) ......... A i r c r a f t ..................................... Aircraft engines and p a r t s ............... Aircraft propellers and p a r t s ............ Other aircraft parts and e q u i p m e n t ...... Ship and boat building and r e p a i r i n g..... Shipbuilding and r e p a i r i n g ............... Boatbuilding and r e p a i r i n g ............... R ailroad e q u i p m e n t ................... ...... Locomotives and p a r t s ..................... Railroad and street c ar s .................. INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS......... Laboratory, scientific, and engineering ins t r u m e n t s ................................. Mechanical measuring and controlling in s t ruments................................. Surgical, medical, ana dental instru ments ........................................ Photographic a p p a r a t u s..................... MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES.... Jewelry and f i n d i n g s ....................... Toys and sporting g o o d s .................... Games, toys, dolls, and c h i l d r e n ’ s Pens, pencils, other office s u p p l i e s..... Costume jewelry, buttons, n o t i o n s ........ Fabricated plastics p r o d u c t s .............. 97-81 100.54 97.21 102.62 94.40 98.15 95.17 100.15 93.83 97-11 76.36 100.12 100.85 100.85 96.93 IOO .58 78.06 99.47 Average weekly hours Mar. Mar. 1956 $90.90 89.67 1957 90.23 80.78 39-6 40.1 Feb. 1957 41.3 40.8 Mar. 1956 40.4 39-5 39-v 40.8 40.7 41.7 41.6 41.7 41.4 42.3 39.4 39-0 40.9 41.0 78.53 42.1 41.8 42.6 41.6 42.8 40.0 39-9 40.4 40.7 41.5 40.3 40.5 40.9 39-9 38.5 42.3 41.9 43.3 41.2 42.8 40.1 39.8 41.3 40.6 41.5 40.0 40.4 84.25 92.57 91.9 V 92.99 91.91 9V.33 86.68 90.09 73.21 95.53 100.28 92.28 40.7 39-6 38.8 43.6 Average hourly earnings Mar. 1957 $2.38 2.41 Feb. 1957 $2.38 2.42 2.43 2.44 2.11 2.05 2.35 2.34 2.36 2.33 2.35 2.36 2.46 2.10 2.05 2.33 2.32 Mar. 1956 $2.25 2.27 2.29 I .98 2.07 2.22 2.21 2.23 1.98 2.37 2.31 2.34 2.34 2.44 1.89 2.45 2.43 2.46 1.99 1.89 2.46 2.43 2.48 2.22 2.23 2.20 2.31 1.79 2.33 2.30 2.36 1.92 99.94 80.19 98.40 80.40 85.06 85.28 80.38 40.7 41.0 40.8 2.09 2.08 1.97 98.65 99.26 92.80 41.8 42.6 41.8 2.36 2.33 2.22 87.12 86.72 85.24 82.82 80.80 40.9 40.4 41.1 40.4 41.0 40.2 2.13 85.24 2.11 2.11 2.11 2.02 2.01 73.53 67.77 94.07 72.89 74.48 66.23 94.12 73.47 70.47 65.35 88.54 40.7 39-9 41.1 39-5 40.5 41.1 40.8 39.0 1.82 1.83 69.03 40.4 40.1 40.9 39-4 1.69 2.30 I .85 1.66 2.29 1.86 1.74 1.59 2.17 1.77 73.89 74.07 72.94 73.44 72.73 40.6 40.7 40.0 42.3 41.0 39-9 40.3 40.8 40.5 41.5 40.6 39-5 40.4 41.8 42.0 41.4 41.7 39-1 1.82 1.82 1.72 2.04 2.04 1.81 1.80 1.70 2.04 1.73 1.74 1.64 1.95 1.91 1.70 1.71 1.60 39.4 40.4 41.0 39-7 41.7 40.5 38.6 38.6 1.64 1.66 40.6 40.9 39.8 41.4 39-9 1.59 1.78 1.77 1.61 l.b4 I .89 I .89 1.58 68.80 68.85 69.89 68.88 86.29 83.64 84.66 82.01 80.73 79.65 67.83 67.55 62.56 64.62 71.91 64.08 71.86 61.37 64.08 67.65 65.51 79.65 76.55 67.89 65.27 78.25 75-41 65.67 62.25 73.87 73.38 39-1 40.9 39-8 41.3 39-4 41.5 40.1 1.65 1.65 1.91 1.89 2.02 1.66 1.59 1.78 1.83 JO. Hours and Earnings Table C-1: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees - Continued Average weekly earnings Industry M a r. Feb. Average weekly hours A v e r a g e ho.urly earnings M a r. Feb. M a r. 1957 1957 1956 (1 /) $2.24 2.02 $2.10 1.94 1.67 1.92 1.92 1.67 1.84 1.59 42.8 41.7 2.35 2.09 2.08 2.35 2.31 1.89 40.8 41.1 40.4 41.1 41.5 40.4 2.30 2.17 2.27 2.29 2.17 2.21 2.06 40.2 40.8 41.0 2.36 2.33 2.21 80.00 40.1 40.2 40.2 2.06 2.06 1.99 59.14 42.11 34.4 38.1 38.4 34.8 1.61 34.2 1.61 1.28 1.21 61.92 80.15 34.6 36.5 43.9 34.4 34.6 36.7 43.9 34.6 35.5 37-3 43.8 33.9 1.43 1.73 1.90 1.38 1.42 1.74 1.66 1.40 1.83 1.33 67.62 42.0 41.9 41.7 41.8 42.0 42.0 1.65 1.75 1.65 1 .6l 1.68 61.75 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - M a r. M a r. 1057 1956 1957 $94.53 86.25 $87.78 83.23 74.50 61.79 74.88 61.79 99.88 87.57 100.58 86.94 78.81 92.97 94.99 92.62 89.19 91.72 87.02 94.12 87.67 94.87 Feb. M a r. 1957 1956 43.0 1/ ) 42.2 42.7 41.8 42.9 $ 2.02 71-94 59.15 38.8 37.0 39.0 37.0 39.1 37.2 98.87 42.5 41.9 42.8 41.8 83.22 40.6 41.3 40.1 95.06 90.61 82.61 82.81 61.18 61.34 44.03 1957 TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S : TRANSPORTATION: Local railways and bus l i n e s ............... $8 ^ 6 ( COMMUNICATION: S w i t c h b o a r d o p e r a t i n g e m p l o y e e s 2/ . . . Line c o n s truction, installation, and T e l e g r a p h 4J .................................... OTHER PUBLIC U TILITIES: G a s a n d e l e c t r i c u t i l i t i e s .................. E l e c t r i c l i g h t a n d p o w e r u t i l i t i e s ..... Ele c t r i c light and gas u t i l i t i e s comb i n e d ............................................ 2.29 2.17 WHOLESALE AHD RETAIL TRADE: WHOLESALE RETAIL T R A D E .................................................................................... TRADE (EXCEPT FATING AN D DRINKING P L A C E S ) ........................................................................................................... 44.12 D e p a r t m e n t stores and gene r a l m a i l o r d e r h o u s e s ................................... P o o d a n d l i q u o r s t o r e s ....................... A u t o m o t i v e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s d e a l e r s ....... O t h e r retail trade: F u r n i t u r e and a p p l i a n c e s t o r e s ........... 49.48 63.15 83.41 47.47 49.13 63.86 82.53 48.44 47-57 45.09 38.0 1.29 1.88 1.54 1.34 69.30 73.33 68.81 72.73 70.56 63.90 96.09 80.11 63.74 100.57 79-95 98.83 76.20 42.74 42.32 41.20 40.T 40.3 41.2 1.05 1.05 1.00 42.80 49.54 42.59 48.90 41.70 47-97 40.0 38.7 39.8 40.1 39.0 1.07 1.07 38.2 1.28 1.04 1.23 99.08 98.94 87.49 - - - 1.74 FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE: Security dealers a n d e x c h a n g e s ............ SERVICE AHD HTSCELLAHEOUS: Hotels and lodging places: H o t e l s , y e a r - r o u n d _ 5 / ..................... ... Personal services: Motion pictures: Motion-picture production and distri- - - 1.28 - 1/ Not available. 2/ Data relate to employees in such occupations in the telephone industry as switchboard operators : service as sistants; operating room instructorsj and pay-station attendants. During 1956 such employees made up 40 percent of the total number of nonsupervisory employees in telephone establishments reporting hours and earnings data. 3/ Data relate to employees in such occupations in the telephone industry as central office craftsmen; instal lation and exchange repair craftsmenj line, cable, and conduit craftsmen • and laborers. During 1956 such employees made up 2 ( percent of the total number of nonsupervisory employees in telephone establishments reporting hours and earnings data. 4/ Data relate to domestic employees except messengers and those compensated entirely on a commission basis. 5 / Money payments only; additional value of board, room, uniforms, and tips, not included. 4o Adjusted Earnings Table C-2: Gross average weekly earnings of production workers in selected industries, in current and 1947-49 dollars Year Bituminous-coal Laundries mining 1947-4 9 C u r r e n t 19 47-4 9 C u r r e n t 1947-49 Manufacturing Current 1949.... 1950.... 1951.... 195S.... 1953.... 1954.... 1955.... 1956.... Bituminous-coal Laundries mining 1947-49 C u r r e n t 1 9 47-4 9 C u r r e n t 1947-4 9 Manufacturing Current Monthly data: Annual average: 1939.... 1940.... 1941.... 1942...... 1943.... 1944.... 1945.... 1946.... 1947.... 1948.... Year and month $ 23.86 25.20 29.58 36.65 43.14 46.08 44.39 43.82 49.97 54.14 54.92 59.33 64.71 67.97 71.69 71.86 76.52 80.19 $40.17 42.07 47.03 52.58 58.30 61.28 57-72 52.5V 52.32 52.67 53.95 57.71 58.30 59.89 62.67 62.60 66.83 69.01 $ 23.88 24.71 30.86 35.02 41.62 51.27 52.25 58.03 66.59 72.12 $40.20 41.25 49.06 50.24 56.24 68.18 67.95 69.58 69.73 70.16 63.28 62.16 70.35 77.79 78.09 85.31 68.43 80.85 96.26 105.94 70.08 68.80 74.57 70.43 84.07 91.17 $17.64 17.93 18.69 20.34 23.08 25.95 27.73 30.20 32.71 34.23 34.98 35.47 37.81 38.63 39.69 40.10 40.70 42.32 $29.70 1256 29.93 $ 78.78 $ 68.68 $ 102.38 $ 89.26 $ 41.70 105.46 91.78 42.12 29.71 78.99 68.75 29.18 79.00 68.46 106.02 91.87 42.54 68.15 107.82 92.79 42.95 31.19 June.... 79.19 34.51 36.06 July.... 79.00 102.16 87.32 42.42 67.52 36.a 68.31 102.49 87.75 41.90 79.79 42.61 34.25 Sept.... 81.40 106.12 90.62 69.51 33.30 82.21 69.85 U O .38 93.78 42.61 Nov.... 82.22 69.80 106.79 90.65 42.29 34.36 84.05 42.91 71.23 115.33 97-74 3V .50 34.06 1957 3V.04 82.41 110.63 93.60 42.59 69.72 34.69 Feb.... 82.41 112.51 94.79 42.59 69.43 69.14 109.29 91.92 42.80 34.93 Mar.... 82.21 $ 36.36 36.66 36.86 36.96 36.26 35.87 36.39 36.20 35.90 36.36 36.03 35-88 36.00 35-55 36.42 Table C-3: Average weekly earnings, gross and net spendable, of production workers in manufacturing, in current and 1947-49 dollars Year Net spendable Gross average average weekly earnings weekly earnings Worker with Worker with Index no dependents 3 dependents A m o u n t ( 1 9 47-4 9 C u r r e n t 19 47-4 9 C u r r e n t 1947-49 = 100) Annual average: Net spendable Gross average average weekly earnings weekly earnings Worker with Index Worker with 3 dependents no dependents A m o u n t ( 1 9 47-4 9 C u r r e n t 1947-49 C u r r e n t 1 9 47-4 9 = 100) Monthly data: 1939.... $ 23.86 1940.... 25.20 1941.... 29.58 1942.... 36.65 1943.... 43.14 1944.... 46.08 1945.... 44.39 1946.... 43.82 1947.... . 49.97 1948.... 54.14 19V9.... 1950.... 1951.... 1952.... 1953.... 195V.... 1955.... 1956.... Y e ar and month 54.92 59.33 64.71 G T.9T 71.69 71.86 76.52 80.19 V 5.1 47.6 55.9 69.2 81.5 87.0 83.8 82.8 94.4 102.2 103.7 112.0 122.2 128.4 135.V 135.7 144.5 151.4 $ 23.58 24.69 28.05 31.77 36.01 38.29 36.97 37.72 42.76 47.43 46.09 51.09 54.04 53.66 58.54 59.55 63.15 66.02 $39.70 41.22 44.59 45.58 48.66 50.92 48.08 45.23 44.77 46.14 47.24 49.70 48.66 49.04 51.17 51.87 55.15 56.82 $ 23.62 $39.76 24.95 41.65 29.28 46.55 36.28 52.05 vi .39 55.93 44.06 58.59 42.74 55.58 43.20 51.80 48.24 50.51 51.72 53.17 53.83 57.21 61.28 63.62 66.58 66.78 70.45 73.38 1956 $ 78.78 June.... July.... 78.99 79.00 79.19 79.00 79.79 1*8.8 1* 9 . 2 1* 9 . 2 $64.92 1 * 9 .6 65.24 1 * 9 .2 65.09 52.88 84.05 55.65 35.21 1957 56.05 58.20 58.17 61.53 63.15 150.7 153.7 155.3 155.3 158.7 82.41 82.41 82.21 155.6 155.6 155.3 Sept.... Oct.... Nov.... 81.40 82.21 82.22 65.08 65.09 65.71 66.97 67.62 67.63 69.10 67.58 67.58 67.42 $ 56.60 56.64 $ 72.25 72.42 72.43 72.58 $62.99 63.03 61.91 57.19 57.45 57.41 58.56 72.43 73.06 74.37 75.03 75-04 76.54 57.17 56.93 56.70 74.99 74.99 74.82 56.40 56.14 55.63 56.26 62.76 62.46 62.55 63.51 63.75 63.70 64.86 63.44 63.18 62.93 *1 Adjusted Earnings Table C-4: Average hourly earnings, gross and excluding overtime, and average weekly hours of production workers in manufacturing Year and mont h Average Manufacturing hourly earnings Excluding Gross overtime Index A m o u n t ( 1 9 4 7 -4 9 - 100) Durable goods Average hourly earnings Average. weekly Excluding Gross o v e r t im e hours Average weekly hours Average Non durable goods hourly earnings Gross Excluding overtime Average weekly hours Annual average : $0.729 $ 0.702 .805 .853 .961 .89* 62.5 19**. 19*5. 19*6 . 1.019 .9*7 1.023 1/.963 1.086 1.051 1 /7*.8 81.6 19*7. 1.237 1.350 l .*01 1.310 1.367 1.198 93.0 101.7 19*1....... 19*2 . 19*3 19* 8 . 19*9. 5*.5 69.* 73.5 106.1 1950. 1951. 1952. i .*65 1.59 l.*15 1.53 1.67 1.61 118.8 125.0 1953. 195*. 1955. 1956. 1.77 1.81 1.88 1.98 1.71 1.76 132.8 136.6 1956: Mar... Apr... May... June.. July.• Aug... Sept.. Oct... Ho t ... Dec... 1957: Jan... Feb... Mar... 1.95 1.96 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.98 2.00 2.02 2.03 2.05 2.05 2.05 2.05 1 / 11 - m o n t h a v e r a g e ; *2 1.82 109.9 1.91 1*1.3 1*8.3 1.88 1*6.0 1.90 1.90 1.91 1*7.5 1*7.5 1*8.3 1.90 1*7.5 1*8.3 1* 9.8 * 0.6 *2.9 $0.770 **.9 $ 0.808 •9*7 1.059 *5.2 * 3 .* * 0 .* 1.117 1.111 1.156 1.029 l/l.0*2 * 0 .* * 0.1 39.2 l .*10 l.*69 1.77 1.70 * 0.5 39.7 * 0.7 * 0.5 1.87 1.92 2.01 2.10 1.80 1.86 * 0 .* * 0.3 * 0.1 * 0.2 2.06 2.08 2.08 153.7 153.7 15*.5 *0.2 * 0.2 * 0.1 August l.*3* 1.60 1.98 1.98 1.99 1.250 1.366 1.67 153.0 1.96 1.122 1.537 1.97 150.6 152.2 .976 * 0.5 * 0.7 * 0.7 *0.1 * 0.3 * 0.7 *0.7 * 0.5 * 1.0 1.91 1.93 1 .9* 1.292 .881 l .*80 2.18 2.18 .763 *6.6 **.l * 0.2 .90* .861 1.015 .81* I/.858 .981 *3.1 *2.3 * 0.5 * 0.6 * 0.5 39.5 1.171 1.278 1.325 1 .2*1 1.292 1.133 * 0.1 39.6 * 1.2 * 1.6 * 1.5 l .*8 1.5* 38.8 * 1.3 * 0.2 *1 .* * 1 .1 1.61 1.66 1.56 1 .6l 1.66 39.5 39.0 39.8 39.6 *0.9 * 1.1 * 0.8 * 0.8 1.78 1.79 1.80 1.81 2.09 *0.7 * 0.8 *1 .* *1 .* * 1.2 *1.9 2.10 2.10 2.11 *0.9 *0.9 *0.7 1.93 2.02 1.99 2.01 2.17 .803 38.9 *0.3 *2.5 .698 39*7 39.5 39.6 2.07 2.16 2.18 $0.625 1.337 l.*3 l.*9 2.09 2.15 $ 0 .6*0 .723 1.378 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.10 2 .1* *2.1 *5.1 *6.6 2.03 2.06 2.06 2.08 1945 e x c l u d e d b e c a u s e o f V J - d a y h o l i d a y p e r i o d . 1.71 l. 8l 1.75 1.73 1.7* 1.75 39.6 39.2 39.1 39.2 1.82 1.81 1.82 1.83 1.85 1.86 1.77 1.75 1.80 39.* 39.6 39.8 39.8 39.6 39.8 1.86 1.86 1.8 7 1.81 1.81 1.82 39.2 39.3 39.2 1.76 1.76 1.78 1.79 Man-Hour Indexes Table C-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly man-hours in industrial and construction activity ^ ( 1 9 4 7 - 4 9 = 100) Manufacturing Year and month 19*7: 19*8 : 19*9: 1950: 1951: 1952: 1953i 195*1 1955: 1956: Average.. Average . . Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average,. Average.. Average.. TOTAL IO3.6 IO 3 .* 93 .O IOI .5 IO9.5 IO9.7 II3.3 IOI .9 IO8 .* 110.2 1956: Ma r ..... A pr..... Ma y ..... June.... IO6.6 108.2 IO8.5 IIO .9 July.... A ug..... Sept.... Oct..... IO6.5 II2.9 11*. 5 11*. 9 N o v ..... D e c ..... 1957: Jan..... 2J Contract Mining c o n s t r u c t ion division division IO5 .I IO5 .* 89.5 9I.O 95.0 9O .9 87.5 77.* 8O .3 82.3 112.2 112.2 106.2 Mar..... IO7 .O IO6 .7 rear and month Furniture an d f i x t u r e s F e b ..... 19*7: Average.. 19*8: Average.. 19*9: Average.. 1950: Average.. 1951J Average.. 1952: Average.. 1953s Average.. 195*: Average.. 1955 : Average.. 1956: Average.. 1956: Mar..... A p r..... M ay..... J u n e .... July.... Aug..... Sept.... Oct..... 1957: Jan..... F e b ...... M ar..... 9*.6 103.* 102.0 109.1 12*. 1 127.5 123.1 118.9 126.7 139.* 80 .* 8I .8 11*. 0 128.1 1* 0.0 Manufac turing division Total : D u r a b le goods Total: N o n d u r a b le goods 10*.8 103.2 92.0 101.1 108.* 108.* 113.6 101.1 107.7 107.9 IO6 .I 10*. 1 89.7 102.7 115.7 116.6 125.2 107.5 116.2 116.8 IO3 .I 102.1 116.2 117.5 115.6 115.6 O r d n a n c e and accessories 101.2 107.6 91.1 107.4 290.4 625.0 798.5 509.7 413.2 375.6 102.7 90.3 99.6 102.7 96.9 93.0 8*.7 9*.l 95.* 374.1 381.0 377.3 374.6 83.9 9*. 7 99.2 99.7 98.6 99.7 93.5 97.5 97.* 96.7 8*.7 15*.* 107.3 107.1 105.8 106.* 76.1 83.7 15*.* 159.9 159.8 157.3 1**.* 136.9 101.7 108.1 109.9 110.9 109.6 11 Ò .5 107.3 11 *. 6 II6.8 II9.6 II9.7 121.5 95.0 100.3 101.7 100 .* 97.6 97.5 368.7 355.0 371.8 373.6 371.9 380.4 113.6 106.8 106.6 105.8 II7.3 9*.2 9*.2 9*.0 366.3 360.9 355.2 81.7 85.6 8*.l 82.3 8*.6 82.0 82.0 81.0 121.7 12*.9 Manufacturing 103.3 10*.6 92.1 111.5 105.9 106.2 108.5 96.7 106.2 106.9 108.0 10*. 9 102.6 103 .* S i o n e , cla y , and glass product s 102.8 103.9 93.3 102.9 111 .* 10*. 3 106.6 99.2 108.6 110.9 109.6 ill.* 112.8 113.5 101.1 107.6 109.8 110.9 106.7 108.7 111.1 113.3 111 .* 110.2 102.3 103.2 103.7 105.0 106.1 109.7 112.8 105.1 - Durable Primary metal industries 116.9 115.8 goods 9*. 7 Machinery (e x c e p t electrical) 110.5 106.* 116.0 11*. 3 115.2 112.8 112.6 II6.3 II7.0 11*. 1 II3.6 118.6 116.5 116.0 73.8 IO6.9 III .9 II7.3 88.0 10*. 1 II5.7 10*.6 113.9 9*.2 110.0 106.7 11*. 3 113.7 113.1 115.0 11*. 0 111.2 IO9.8 107.0 90.5 86.5 80.1 87.6 92.* 90.7 95.0 91.2 88.6 83.0 79.0 73.3 73.3 72.0 - Continued Fabricated m e t al products IO6 .7 103.8 89.* IO6.5 115.8 112.1 I23 .* 108.8 118.0 II6.3 IO5 .* IO6.6 *- D u r a b l e g o o d s L u m b e r and wood products (e x c e p t furniture) 121.3 II9.9 108.3 106.6 85.1 9*.0 116.9 118 .* 119.0 100.9 117.3 112.8 113.1 115.0 11*. 9 11*. 7 121.6 118.5 117.6 117.2 118.1 II8 .I II7 .O 117.9 Electrical machinery 111.1 102.9 86.0 107.6 123.7 131.2 1*7.1 123.1 Transporta tion equipment 102.9 100.9 96.3 106.1 124.5 138.0 158.6 130.8 134.3 146.3 139.7 136.0 133.* 139.8 138.5 137.1 135.1 136.6 128.1 126.5 133.* 138.7 1*2.8 1*6.6 1*6.8 1*5.8 127.3 125.7 124.4 137.6 147.9 1*0.* 139.9 138 .* 150.0 156.8 148.5 144.7 S e e f o o t n o t e s at e n d o f table. h i Man-Hour Indexes Table C-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly man-hours in industrial and construction activity ^ Continued (1947-49 Year and month 19*7 • 19*8: 19*9: 1950: 1951: 1952: 1953: 195*: 1955: 1956: M a n u f a c t u r i n g - Durable goods-Con. Miscellaneous Instruments manufacturing and r e lated in d u s t r i e s product s Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. 10*.6 IO7.5 IO 3 .O 89.5 97.* II7.5 I22.7 I29.9 II 5.9 II 7.9 122 .* 10*.2 91.2 101.3 103.1 100.5 109.5 98.8 10*. 1 10*. 9 1956: Mar..... Apr..... May..... June.... 121.2 122.6 I2 I .5 120.8 10*. 2 103 .* 102.9 102.7 July.... Aug..... Sept.... II9.2 122.3 12*.* I25.2 12*.* 12*.7 105.3 108.5 111.7 108.6 105.0 122.8 I23 .O 122 .* 97.8 98.9 99.9 Nov...... 1957: Jan..... Feb..... Ma r ..... Year and month P a p e r and allied products 19*7: Average.. 19*8: Average.. 19* 9 : Average.. 1950: Average.. 1951! Average.. 1952: Average.. 1953: Average.. 195*: Average.. 1955: Average.. 1956: Average.. 1956: Mar..... Apr ..... 102.6 102.3 95.1 105 .* 109.9 105.9 111.6 109.3 11 *.* 116.5 115.5 98.0 99.5 IO5.9 101.0 93.1 89.2 91.2 92.2 90.1 88.5 91.5 88.6 93.7 9O .5 91.0 91.9 82.9 76.5 7*.6 97.1 96.5 79.7 105.8 10*.5 105.2 82.8 80.9 80 .* 89.0 76.5 76.3 75.* 105.9 106.5 107.8 88.7 - Nondurable 83.5 7*.* goods Chemicals and allied products IO3.3 102.6 9*.l 97.2 108.1 107.7 108.5 92.9 93.0 92.* 115.8 115.2 115.2 112.6 112.9 11*. 6 _1/ A g g r e g a t e m a n - h o u r s a r e f o r t h e w e e k l y p a y p e r i o d e n d i n g t o tals for the month. P o r m i n i n g and m a n u f a c t u r i n g industries, c o n t r a c t c o n s t r u c t i o n , t h e d a t a r e l a t e to c o n s t r u c t i o n w o r k e r s . _2/ I n c l u d e s o n l y t h e d i v i s i o n s s h o w n . 99.O IO2 .7 98.3 97.3 9*.o 96.* 97.3 9*.7 9*.6 93.9 1957: J a n ...... Feb..... M ar..... ** Products of petroleum and coal 105.8 106.3 108.2 108.5 107.9 108.7 117 .* 118.6 80.2 80.2 109.1 102.9 99.5 99.2 97.2 105.2 103.3 102*2 - Continued 93.7 93.5 92.5 9*.9 N o v ...... D e c ...... 78.7 83 .O 80 .I 75.2 78.4 78.5 110 .* 111.0 109.3 108.1 111.0 112.9 11 *. 7 116.3 115.1 116.9 89.9 100.1 96 .O 9O .7 89.8 99.6 101.6 98.8 103.0 101.9 10*. 5 106.9 98.8 10*.9 10*. 3 7*.5 99.7 11 *. 6 112.2 112.2 111.7 111.9 116 .* 117 .* 118.6 10*.5 IO5 .7 A p p a r e l and oth e r finished textile products 95.5 IO5 .7 IIO .7 101 .* 93 .* 76.6 102.1 98.2 IOO .9 95.8 94.5 July.... Aug..... Sept.... goods T e x t i l e - m i 11 products 77.7 105.5 10*.7 108.1 103.5 107.0 108.6 June.... -- N o n d u r a b l e 82.5 8O .3 79 .O 78.3 82.3 85 .* 9I.O 101.6 10&. 7 105 .* 10*. 7 108.6 113.1 115.6 115.1 116.8 117.9 Tobacco manufactures 100.0 96.1 95.2 95.9 9*. 7 Printing, p u b lishing, and allied industries 101 .* 100.5 Manufacturing F o o d and kindred products IO3.9 97.7 Manufacturing = 100) 9*.l Rubber products IO9.8 102.0 88.1 IOI .9 IO8.5 108.* 111.6 96.* II3.3 109.* IO9.6 IO9.7 IO8.3 L e a t h e r and leather products 105.8 100.8 93.* 97.8 92.1 96.9 96.5 89.9 95.0 92.7 97.0 89 .* 87.5 103.6 91.7 IO6.6 IO 9.7 II2.9 103.8 92.* 93.6 89.3 89 .I II5.3 91.* 11 *. 2 112.2 III .3 93.2 101.1 88.9 91.5 92.8 n e a r e s t the 15th of t he m o n t h and do not r e p r e s e n t d a t a r e f e r to p r o d u c t i o n and r e l a t e d w o r kers. For State and Area Hours and Earnings Table C-6: Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing industries for selected States and areas Avera«e weekly earnin«s 1956 1$57 Mar. Fab. MarT State and area 38.8 *0.0 *1.5 39.1 * 0.1 *2 .* 39*5 * 0.2 * 1.2 $1.72 86.32 $63.99 82.41 75-40 $1.74 87.42 86.50 2.18 2.08 2.18 2 .0* $ 1.62 2.05 1.83 89.91 90.64 2.20 2.08 $67.51 87.20 ARIZOHA................... CALIFORNIA................ Los Aagelea-Loag Beaek... San BernardiaoRiverside-Oatarlo...... San Fraaolsco-Oakland.... 88.10 87.15 83.64 *0.5 * 0.8 *1.2 *0.6 *1.9 *0.8 2.22 88.54 2.17 2.17 2.05 57.31 57.02 56.30 39.8 39.6 *0.5 1 .** 1 .** 1.39 57.63 57.23 53.60 *0.3 * 0.3 * 0.0 l.*3 l .*2 1.3* 86.93 * 0 .* 2.30 2 .1* 85.56 * 0.1 39.1 *0.5 39.1 2.30 39.1 * 1.0 39.5 * 0.6 37 .6 * 1.2 39.3 2.17 1.95 2.15 2.19 84.94 87.73 * 1 .* 39.8 *2.0 39.1 *1.3 * 0.0 * 0.9 2.27 92.90 83.63 93.86 95.33 Tampa-St. Petersburg.... 2.29 2.*2 85.44 86.07 84.85 84.44 79.20 79.20 * 0.3 * 0.6 * 0.6 * 0 .* 39.8 39.8 2.12 2.12 85.91 89.64 93.31 85.49 89.44 93.10 81.32 86.29 85.67 * 1.5 * 1.5 * 3.2 * 1.0 * 1.0 * 1.0 * 0.8 *1.5 * 1.6 *3.1 * 0.6 * 1.0 * 0.6 * 0.8 * 1.7 * 2.3 * 2.2 * 1.6 * 0 .* * 1.0 *2.9 2.07 90.12 39.9 82.11 39.1 39.7 38.7 81.49 81.54 76.36 38.1 2.20 2.09 2.09 84.46 88.15 87.29 84.05 85.28 82.80 81.56 83.22 91.87 78.99 93.79 87.89 39.* 39.6 * 0 .* * 0.6 85.72 87.38 82.99 39.5 64.53 69.95 65.10 68.63 62.28 63.34 65.57 71.97 77.56 59.13 73.47 62.83 61.98 56.09 67.72 2.28 2.27 82.41 65.44 66.14 2.28 2.*1 39.5 38.* 39.1 81.61 82.00 65.28 2.07 2.25 2.*3 2.33 2.19 82.82 58.67 2.26 2.*2 2.16 2.16 2.02 2.01 2.06 2.15 2.16 2.01 2.00 2.12 2.15 2.28 2.12 2.10 1.99 1.99 1.95 2 .0* 2.03 1.96 I .89 2.08 2.15 2.07 2.15 *0.3 *0.5 2.07 2.06 2.32 2.31 1.96 2.17 39.9 39.9 2.17 2.19 2.08 * 1.1 * 0.2 *0.8 *1.5 *2.0 39.9 *0.9 * 1.6 * 1.8 39.1 * 0.8 * 1.6 1.57 1.7* 1.55 1.72 l.*9 1.60 1.5* l.*9 38.6 38.9 39.5 *1.3 39.5 39.6 * 2.0 1.52 1.85 1.60 1.58 2.06 1.59 1.93 1.62 1.86 1.86 1.86 l .*2 1.71 1.73 1.99 1.52 76.82 72.66 38.9 *1.7 79-40 80.19 83.18 39.9 39.7 * 1.8 1.99 2.02 88.84 85.20 89.76 94.12 88.95 93.25 89.98 94.66 88.95 * 0.8 * 0.9 *0.0 *3.5 * 1.1 * 1.2 * 0 .* *5-3 2.18 2.28 2.26 2.18 2.28 94.80 * 0.8 *0.8 39.8 *3.* 2.17 2.18 2.09 90.21 90.30 85.37 *0.6 * 0.6 *0.7 2.22 2.22 2.10 82.37 82.30 77.07 81.47 *0.1 * 0.5 *0.7 39.6 2.05 2.23 1.90 90.56 * 0.1 39.8 2.05 88.70 2.23 2.06 92.87 See footnotes at end of table. 76.09 86.93 85.40 DISTRICT OF COLOMBIA: FLORIDA................... 93.15 77.92 93-86 94.58 90.74 94.49 94.94 96.32 83.55 90.66 93.56 94.44 90.22 CONNECTICUT.............. Aver a*çe hourly earning8 19;1 .IS5S Feb. Mar. Mar. $ 67.25 ALABAMA.................... Bl n l o g h i a ............ . Mobil«................... ARKANSAS.................. Little Book*. Little Boek......... Averafaie weekly hours 193 7 1956 .. Feb. 1 Mar. Mar. 86.61 2.25 2.07 2.16 2 .1* State and Area Hours and Earnings Table C-6: Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing industries for selected States and areas - Continued State and area Average weekly earnings 1957 1956 Mar. Feb. Mar. Average weekly hours .19*57 1956 Mar. Feb. Mar. Average hourly earnings 1956 1957 Mar. Feb. Mar. *AN«AS................ .... Topeka. .,................ Wichita..... . $86.89 83*77 9*. 71 $86.91 81.99 93.62 $82.10 78.36 85.75 41.6 41.5 43 .O 41.6 40.6 42.7 41.6 40.6 41.7 $2.09 KENTUCKY....... ........... 76.68 76.77 85.84 72.70 39.5 39.8 40.0 40.7 39-8 40.6 1.94 40.4 39.6 40.1 40.6 39.9 40.3 41.3 40.9 40.9 1.92 41.0 38.2 41.7 41.8 38.7 41.5 40.8 84,47 LOUISIAHA.. ............. 77.57 99.79 80.78 77.14 IOO .55 77.78 102.66 ^.43 75.17 2.02 2.20 2.12 $ 2.09 2.02 $1.97 1.93 2.19 2.06 1.92 1.83 1.99 2.11 1.90 1.82 2.52 2.52 1.95 1.93 1.81 I .60 1.60 1.52 1.43 2.51 New Orleans....... ...... 78.20 M AIMS .......... ........... L e v i s t o n . , , . -, Portland................«. 65.76 56.87 71.57 66.93 57.24 70.98 MARYLAND........... ...... . Baltimore............ 81.28 85.21 81.58 85.80 77.57 39.9 40.3 40.1 40.5 40.4 40.7 2.04 2.04 1.92 2.12 2.12 2.01 MASSACHUSETTS............. Boston.................. Fall R iver............. . New Bedford.............. Springfield-Holyoke..... Worcester............ .. . 7*. 61 78,60 74.40 79.00 54.15 6o.l4 70.98 72.86 40.0 40.1 40.1 39.6 36.1 36.8 1.97 1.50 1.55 1.77 1.84 1.45 1.50 77.08 81.99 1.87 1.97 1.51 1.56 1.99 2.05 1.86 81.20 39-9 39.9 36.7 38.4 40.6 40.5 2.00 1.88 2.05 1.99 2.40 2.53 2.42 2.17 2.43 2.27 2.38 MICHIGAN................. Detroit................... Flint..................... Grand Rapids............. Lansing................... Muskegon................ 55.42 59.90 80.79 83.03 97.24 103.12 92.00 88.38 ’ 83.03 97.52 103.86 90.68 94.43 87.11 97.89 93.96 90.56 84.03 87 .OO 85.OI 88.16 97.08 92.63 74.03 62.07 67.50 81.60 53.36 58.05 38.8 41.3 38.8 40.6 40.5 38.7 41.0 41.2 40.8 40.8 40.0 41.5 41.1 40.1 40.0 2.41 92.41 97.23 92.36 40.4 40.6 87.27 94.98 87.58 86.40 40.3 40.2 40.1 40.0 40.7 41.1 39.1 40.2 40.3 40.8 40.0 80.27 83.50 81.74 40.3 39.3 40.3 40.5 39.1 40.5 40.7 39.6 40.4 52.54 38.0 1.49 I .72 2.54 2.42 2.19 2.42 2.31 2.27 1.48 1.71 1.63 2.31 2.10 2.31 2.30 2.26 2.18 2.16 2.09 2.22 2.13 2.10 2.26 2.11 1.97 MINNESOTA.................. Duluth.................. Minneapolis-St. Paul..... 85.69 85.56 MISSISSIPPI................ Jackson................... 54.39 61.42 61.30 56.72 39.7 41.5 40.0 41.7 39.8 41.4 1.37 1.48 1.37 1.47 1.32 1.37 MISSOURI................... Kansas C i t y .............. St. Louis................. 78.16 78.02 (I/) 87.50 83.56 86.81 73.69 79-88 80.77 39.7 a/) 40.7 39.8 39.7 40.5 39.8 39.8 40.0 1.97 (1/) 1.85 1.99 2.15 1.96 2.09 2.14 2.02 MONTANA.................. 87 .ll 87 .ll 89.96 39-4 39.4 41.2 2.21 2.21 2.18 NEBRASKA.......... ........ 76.81 (1 /) 77.98 82.26 72.42 77.37 40.6 (l/> 41.2 41.4 40.8 41.4 1.89 (1/) 1.90 1.99 1.77 1.87 NEVADA..................... 93.80 94.43 87.78 38.6 38.7 38.0 2.43 2 .44 2.31 NEW HAMPSHIRE............. Manchester........ 64.94 65.67 61.51 61.97 57.07 41.1 40.0 ^1.3 40.2 40.5 38.3 1.58 1.54 1.59 1.53 1.53 1.49 61.60 See footnotes at end of table. M . 54.80 2.11 2.02 State and Area Hours and Earnings Table C-& Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing industries for selected States and areas - Continued Average weekly earnings State and area MEW JERSEY............... Newark-Jersey City 2/» •• HEW MEXICO.............. Mar. Syracuse................ 1956 Average weekly hours Mar. $81.45 82.54 82.34 82.69 40.3 40.2 40.9 40.1 40.4 40.5 40.4 41.4 40.1 40.3 $ 2.11 2.14 $ 2.11 2.14 80.52 40.4 40.5 40.9 40.4 40.6 2.09 2.17 2 .O8 2.09 2.16 2.09 88.36 88.97 86.73 87.15 84.65 41.1 4l.O 41.0 *1.3 41.9 41.7 2.15 2 .O6 2.17 2.10 2.08 2 .O3 81.69 90.7* 77.30 Ö 3.72 72.86 39.5 41.0 39.7 40.3 39.5 39-4 40.0 39.8 40.8 39-9 2.06 2.21 I .90 2.36 I .96 2.23 I. 9I 2.35 1.98 I .96 2 .O9 91.43 76.39 39.6 41.1 40.0 40.5 39.5 2.06 76.14 95 > 3 77.55 81.3* 91. *5 75*93 9**92 78.15 1.83 2.24 93.83 93.79 85.91 42.3 42.4 40.8 2.22 2.21 2.11 81.74 77.72 87.58 85.64 81.12 76.81 87.89 77.81 39.3 7^ .09 83.62 39.0 37.8 40.5 41.1 40.4 39.8 39.1 2 .O8 2.03 2.18 2.08 I .94 2.00 2 .O8 2 .O3 2 .I7 2 .O7 1.99 1.95 2 .O6 I .98 I .89 I .92 84.98 79-49 81.79 Mar. 38.2 40.2 41.1 40.3 40.0 80.08 78.68 76.67 NORTH CAROLINA.......... Charlotte............... Greensboro-High Point... 56.06 6I.IO 56.06 55.81 59.80 56.55 55.07 58.77 52.72 39-2 40.2 NORTH DAKOTA............ Fargo...... ............ 75.38 79.83 76.57 84.70 OHIO..................... Akron................... 92.62 38.2 74.84 ' 78.84 42.0 41.6 42.1 43 .O 43.7 42.3 I .80 I .92 88.65 88.19 88.84 82.53 93.26 40.5 38.9 39.2 41.2 41.0 40.8 37.9 40.1 41.4 2.29 2.41 2.35 83.22 90.57 41.7 40.9 40.9 40.1 2.33 40.9 98.61 87.3* 92.76 Youngstown............. 93-49 104.37 105.28 97.28 40.7 39.6 40.5 78.38 80.12 76.26 87.31 75.96 76.07 73.25 40.4 41.9 89.86 81.20 84.78 86.56 87.48 84.88 82.99 80.57 88.58 7*^5 Philadelphia ........... 72.57 85 .*1 99.70 7*. 21 Wilkes-Barre “ Ifezleton 61.69 58.69 69.72 40.5 41.2 41.6 39.9 38.4 95.6U 98.91 37.9 1.43 I .52 1.46 88.85 87.04 Mar. 40.2 4l.l Columbus................ Dayton.................. 93.72 9I. 9* 1 Feb. 39.3 39.6 39.O 93.38 95.84 93.11 86.99 07.48 PENNSYLVANIA............ Allentown-Bethlehem- Average hourly earnings 1956 - ^ n Mar. Feb. Mar. Feb. 78.22 80.02 OREGON..... ............. 1956 $85.07 86.15 85.32 86.46 84.36 Westchester County 2 /... OKLAHOMA................. Oklahoma City.......... 1957 $85.32 86.71 85.40 87.59 84.53 84.46 MEW YORK...... Albany-Schenectady-Troy. Binghamton.............. Buffalo................. Elmira.................. Nassau and Suffolk Counties 2 / ............ New York-Northeastern New Jersey............ New York City 2 / ........ 1957 93.81 40.8 39.6 39.5 41.2 *1.5 40.5 40.8 39.4 40.8 40.3 2.36 2.58 *1.3 40.9 I .94 2.11 2 .I7 2.42 1.82 1.97 2.01 1.42 1.51 1.45 1.82 $ 2.01 2.04 1.99 2.06 2.00 1.91 I .37 1.43 1.38 1.97 1.71 1.86 2.29 2.42 2.17 2.33 2.36 2.11 2.35 2.16 2.42 2.35 2.58 I .94 I .80 2.22 I .99 2.24 2 .O3 2.29 2.26 2.41 1.86 42.1 40.8 42.2 41.6 40.4 2.14 89.2* 85.ll 37.7 37.9 38.2 38.3 38.9 38.9 2.24 2.22 2 .I9 83.20 78.84 39.9 40.0 40.1 2.08 2 .O8 1.97 78.78 74.96 39-3 39.0 39 .O 2 .O5 2.02 2 .I5 I .92 2.01 I.8O I.7 I 2.01 88.80 74.24 72. *5 85.03 100.19 7*. 19 62.81 57-99 70.41 84.91 70.30 41.2 39.6 41.3 39.7 42.2 39 .I 4l.O 40.1 40.7 40.3 41.0 40.4 94.38 40.2 40.7 71.1* 39.9 40.4 40.1 39.5 38.6 37.9 37.3 41.1 70.23 81.33 59.02 55.32 68.64 38.8 37.8 40.3 40.7 39.9 2 .3O 2.15 1.88 1.77 2.13 2.48 1.86 1.59 1.54 1.73 2.16 2.28 I .87 1.78 2.11 2.48 1.85 1.59 I .53 1.73 1.74 2.01 2.29 2.34 I .78 1.53 1.48 1.67 See footnotes at end of table. ML State and Area Hours and Earnings Table C-6: Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing industries for selected States and areas - Continued State and area Average weekly earnings Average weekly hOUT8 1956 .1956. .. ____ I 95.7 À 9 5 L ,, Mar. Feb. Mar. Mar. Feb. Mar. Average hourly earnings 1955 1 9i >7 Mar. Feb. m o m ISLAND.............. Providence................ $ 67.16 68.23 $ 67.04 67.32 $64.86 64.49 39.1 39.9 39.3 39.6 40.0 40.0 $1.72 I .71 $1.71 I .70 $ 1.62 I. 6I SOUTH CAROLINA............ 56.59 61.39 57.31 55.21 61.07 60.38 39.3 39.1 39.8 39.4 40.3 40.8 1.44 1.57 1.44 1.55 1.37 1.48 76.62 77.76 84.10 75.86 83.43 42.6 44.1 43 .O 44.6 47.3 I .80 1.89 1.81 44.6 I .70 1.76 62.96 39.7 39.9 39.2 40.0 40.0 40.1 40.0 40.6 40.9 40.4 1.65 I .72 1.64 I .70 1.97 I .80 1.68 64.64 39.8 40.1 39.4 40.2 40.3 78.28 41.2 41.4 41.2 2.00 1.98 I .90 83.21 39.8 40.3 39.9 40.4 40.2 40.7 2.20 2.09 2.23 2.09 2.07 SOUTH DAKOTA.............. Sioux Falls............. 83.52 TENNESSEE.................. 65.67 65.ll 67.83 68.97 76.83 72.36 77.22 64.40 74.30 67.30 72.00 66.40 68.71 1.95 1.80 1.67 1.89 1.66 Mar. ' 1.57 I .61 1.83 I .60 TEXAS..................... 82.40 81.97 UTAH...................... Salt Lake City.......... 87.56 84.23 84.44 81.40 VERMONT.................... 68.08 68.44 65.95 83.48 67.20 56.60 41.2 40.9 40.9 41.4 41.2 42.1 42.4 39.5 43.8 I .65 1.59 1.97 1.65 I .60 1.98 I .59 1.43 I .90 61.81 40.0 40.8 40.2 39.9 40.1 40.8 40.4 40.0 40.8 I .60 1.73 1.73 I .60 1.73 1.73 1.62 I .65 84.90 39.2 39.8 38.0 84.71 37.8 38.0 38.7 39.0 39.9 38.5 2.33 88.68 38.7 39.3 38.9 2.27 2.31 2.30 2.38 2.25 2.18 2.22 2.20 79.40 95.11 39.5 40.3 38.7 39.9 39.9 40.3 2 .O8 2.08 1.99 84.82 84.71 78.19 88.99 93.12 41.1 39.7 40.7 40.6 40.8 40.0 42.1 39.5 39.6 41.0 41.9 40.9 2.11 2.10 2.22 2.10 2.02 2 .3I 2.32 2 .I7 87.23 41.1 38.9 40.3 40.5 40.8 40.4 89.72 105.06 39.6 39.2 39.4 39.4 39.7 40.1 64.87 80.54 VIRGINIA................... Norfolk-Portsmouth....... WASHINGTON................. Seattle.................. WEST VIRGINIA............. WISCONSIN.................. 64.00 70.58 70.58 91.41 92.38 89.34 92.76 85.52 82.16 80.50 99.14 98.95 86.50 86.33 88.09 89.50 101.53 64.80 67.32 86.26 90.30 90.91 85.87 85.56 93.82 94.90 89.70 83.41 63.84 69.37 69.55 86.84 WYOMING.................... 88.98 85.22 93.92 94.78 88.28 89.83 102.05 1/ Not available. 2/ Subarea of New York-Northeastern New Jersey. M . 2.32 2.39 2.46 2.23 2.12 2.32 2.33 2.22 2.48 2.21 2.00 1.53 2.23 2.36 2 .I5 1.98 2.22 2.13 2.26 2.28 2.26 2.59 2.59 2.62 Explanatory Notes INTRODUCTION The statistics for nonfarm industries presented in this monthly report are part of the broad program of the Bureau of Labor Statistics to provide timely, com prehensive, accurate, and detailed information for the use of businessmen, government officials, legislators, labor unions, research workers, and the general public. The statistics are an integral part of the Federal statistical system, and are considered basic indica tors of the state of the Nation*s economy. They are widely used in following and interpreting business developments and in making decisions in such fields as labor-management negotiations, marketing, personnel, plant location, and government policy. In addition, Government agencies use the data in this report to com pile official indexes of production, labor productivity, and national income. ESTABLISHMENT REPORTS: or engaging in more than one activity, the entire employment of the unit is included under the industry indicated by the most important product or activity. The titles and descriptions of industries presented in the Standard Industrial Classifical Manual. (U. S. Bureau of the Budget, Washington, D. C.) are used for classifying reports from manufacturing and government establishments; the 1942 Industrial Classification Code. (U. S. Social Security Board) for reports from all other establishments. c. Coverage Monthly reports on employment and, for most indus tries, payroll and man-hours are obtained from approx imately 155,000 establishments. (See table below.) The table also shows the approximate proportion of total employment in each industry division covered by the group of establishments furnishing monthly employment data. The coverage for individual industries within the division may vary from the proportions shown. Approximate size and coverage of B L S a. Collection The employment statistics program, which is based on establishment payroll reports, provides current data for both full- and part-time workers on payrolls of nonagricultural establishments (see glossary for defi nition, p. 7 -E) during a specified period each month. The BLS uses two "shuttle11 schedules for this program, the BLS Form 790 (for employment, payroll, and manhours data) and the Form 1219 (for labor turnover data). The shuttle schedule, used by BLS for more than 25 years, is designed to assist firms to report consist ently, accurately, and with a minimum of cost. The questionnaire provides space for the establishment to report for each month of the current calendar year; in this way, the employer uses the same schedule for the entire year. Under a cooperative arrangement with the BLS, State agencies mail the forms to the establishments and examine the returns for consistency, accuracy, and completeness. The States use the information to prepare State and area series and then send the data to the BLS Division of Manpower and Employment Statistics for use in preparing the national series. b. Industrial Classification Establishments are classified into industries on the basis of their principal product or activity determined from information on annual sales volume. This informa tion is collected each year. For manufacturing estab lishments, a product supplement to the monthly 790 report is used. The supplement provides for reporting the percentage of total sales represented by each pro duct. Information for nonmanufacturing establish ments is collected on the 790 form itself. In the case of an establishment making more than one product employment and payro lls sample 1/ Division or industry Number of es tablish— ments in sample Mining................. Contract construction.. 3,100 20,900 1*0 ,1*00 Transportation and public utilities: Interstate railroads. 350,000 735,000 10 ,980,000 45 2h 65 95 Ili,600 1 ,581,000 57 58,300 1 ,928,000 18 12,000 693,000 31 1,200 UUi ,000 37 2,300 94,000 19 2 ,162,000 2 ,033,000 100 Finance, insurance, and Service and miscellaneous: Hotels and lodging places............ . Personal services: Laundries and clean ing and dyeing plants............. Government: Federal (Civil Service Commission)....... . State and local...... Number in Percent sample of total 1 ,128,000 ----- Other transportation and public utilities. Wholesale and retail Employees . . . ii,Uoo Ul 1/ Some firms do not report payroll and man-hour information. Therefore, hours and earnings estimates may be based on a slightly smaller sample than employ ment estimates. Labor turnover reports are received from approx imately 10,000 cooperating establishments in the manu facturing, mining, and communication industries (see table below)* The definition of manufacturing used in the turnover series is not as extensive as in the BLS series on employment and hours and earnings because of the exclusion of the following major industries from the labor turnover sample: printing, publishing, and allied industries (since April 1943); canning and pre serving fruits, vegetables, and sea foods; women*s and misses* outerwear; and fertilizer. Approximate size and coverage of B L S labor turnover sample Number of Group and industry Manufacturing........ Durable goods...... Nondurable goods.... Ifetal mining......... Coal mining: Anthracite......... Bituminous......... Communication: Telephone.......... Telegraph......... . 1/ Does not apply. A v D u a L ' X i .qOVx| r -1 ments in sample Employees Number in Percent of total sample 120 5,991*, 000 ¿*,199,000 1,795,000 57,000 1*3 32 53 20 200 71,000 6,000 19 661,000 28,000 88 10,200 6 ,1*00 3,800 &/) &/) 39 32 65 DEFINITIONS AND ESTIMATING METHODS: A. EMFL0Y1OTT Definition Employment data for all except Federal Government establishments refer to persons who worked during, or received pay for, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. For Federal Government establishments current data generally refer to persons who worked on, or received pay for, the last day of the month. Persons on an establishment payroll who are on paid sick leave, paid holiday, or paid vacation, or who work during a part of the specified pay period and are un employed or on strike during the other part of the period are counted as employed. Persons are not con sidered employed who are laid off or are on leave with out pay, who are on strike for the entire period, or who are hired but do not report to work during the period. Proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, farm workers, and domestic workers in house holds are also excluded. Government employment covers only civilian employees; Federal military personnel are shown separately, but their number is excluded from total nonagricultural employment. With respect to employment in educational institu tions (private and governmental), BLS considers regular full-time teachers to be employed during the summer vacation period whether or not they are specifically paid in those months. Benchmark Data Employment estimates are periodically compared with complete counts of employment in the various nonagri2-E cultural industries, and appropriate adjustments made as indicated by the total counts or benchmarks. The comparison made for the first 3 months of 1955 resulted in changes amounting to 0.8 percent of all nonagricul tural employment. Among the eight major industry divi sions changes ranged from 0.2 to 2.3 percent, with the exception of contract construction which required an adjustment of 6.2 percent. As a result, the estimating techniques for contract construction were reviewed in detail and certain refinements have been introduced. Manufacturing industries as a whole were changed by 0.2 percent, a slightly smaller amount than necessary in 1951*. Within manufacturing, 1*3 of the 132 individual industries required no adjustment because the estimate and benchmark differed by less than 1.0 percent or less than 500 and 78 were adjusted by 1.0-1*.9 percent. One significant cause of differences between the benchmark and estimate is the change in industrial classification of individual firms, which cannot be reflected in BLS estimates until they are adjusted to new benchmarks. Other causes are sampling and response errors. The basic sources of benchmark information are the quarterly tabulations of employment data, by industry, compiled by State agencies from reports of establish ments covered under State unemployment insurance laws. Supplementary tabulations prepared by the U. S. Bureau of Old Age and Survivors Insurance are used for the group of establishments exempt from State unem ployment insurance laws because of their small size. Benchmarks for industries wholly or partly excluded from the unemployment insurance laws are derived from a variety of other sources. The BLS estimates which are prepared for the benchmark quarter are compared with the new benchmark levels, industry by industry. Where revisions are necessary, the monthly estimates are adjusted between the new benchmark and the preceding one. Following revision for these intermediate periods, the industry data from the most recent benchmark are projected to the current month by use of the sample trends. Under this procedure, the benchmark is used to establish the level of employment while the sample is used to measure the month-to-month changes in the level. Estimating I-fethod The estimating procedure for industries for which data on both nall employees" and "production and re lated workers" are published (manufacturing and selected mining industries) is outlined below; the first step under this method is also used for indus tries for which only figures on "all employees" are published. The first step is to compute total employment (all employees) in the industry for the month following the benchmark period. The all-employee total for the last benchmark month (e.g., Msurch) is multiplied by the percent change of total employment over the month for the group of establishments reporting for both îferch and April. Thus, if firms in the BLS sample for an industry report 30,000 employees in March and 31*200 in April, April employment is 104 percent (31>200 divided by 30,000) of 1-farch employment. If the allemployee benchmark in ^krch is 40,000, the all-employee total in April would be 104 percent of 40,000 or 41 ,600. The second step is to compute the product!onworker total for the industry. The all-employee total for the month is multiplied by the ratio of production workers to all employees. This ratio is computed from establishment reports in the monthly sample. Thu 3 , if these firms in April report 2^,960 production workers and a total of 31,200 employees, the ratio of produc tion workers to all employees would be .80 (24,960 divided by 31,200). The production-worker total in April would be 33,280 (41,600 multiplied by .80). Figures for subsequent months are computed by carrying forward the totals for the previous month ac cording to the method described above. The number of women employees in manufacturing, published quarterly, is computed by multiplying the all-employee estimate for the industry by the ratio of women to all employees as reported in the industry sample. Employment Ad.iusted for Seasonal Variation Employment series for many industries reflect a regularly recurring seasonal movement which can be measured on the basis of past experience. By elimi nating that part of the change in employment which can be ascribed to usual seasonal variation, it is pos sible to clarify the cyclical and other nonseasonal movements in the series. Adjusted employment aggre gates are shown and also indexes (1947-49 - 100 ) de rived from these aggregates. The indexes have the additional advantage of comparing the current sea sonally adjusted employment level with average employ ment in the base period. Comparability with Other Employment Estimates Employment data published by other government and private agencies may differ f**om BLS employment sta tistics because of differences in definition, sources of information, methods of collection, classification, and estimation. BLS monthly figures are not directly comparable, for example, with the estimates of the Census rbnthly Report on the Labor Force (MRLF). Census data are obtained by personal interviews with individual members of a small sample of households and are designed to provide information on the work status of the whole population, classified by their demographic characteristics. The BLS, on the other hand, obtains data by mail questionnaire v/hich are based on the payroll records of business units, and prepares detailed statistics on the industrial and geographic distribution of employment and on hours of work and earnings. Since BLS employment figures are derived from establishment payroll records, persons who worked in more than one establishment during the reporting peri od will be counted more than once in the BLS series. By definition, proprietors, self-employed persons, domestic servants, and unpaid family workers are ex cluded from the BLS but not the MRLF series. Employment estimates compiled by the Bureau of the Census from its censuses and/or annual sample surveys of manufacturing establishments also differ from BLS employment statistics. Among the important reasons for lack of comparability are differences in indus tries covered, in the business units considered parts of an establishment, and in the industrial classifi cation of establishments. Similar differences exist between the BLS data and those in County Business Patterns published jointly by the U.S. Department of Commerce and the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. B. LABOR TURNOVER Definition "Labor turnover," as used in the BLS program, re fers to the gross movement of wage and salary workers into and out of employment status with respect to in dividual firms during a calendar month. This movement is subdivided into two broad types: accessions (new hires and rehires) and separations (terminations of employment initiated by either employer or employee)• Each type of action is cumulated for a calendar month and expressed as a rate per 100 employees. All em ployees, including executive, office, sales, other salaried personnel, and production workers are cov ered by both the turnover movements and the employment base used in computing labor turnover rates. All groups of employees— full- and part-time, permanent, and temporary— are included. Transfers from one es tablishment to another within a company are not con sidered to be turnover items. Ifethod of Computation To compute turnover rates for individual indus tries, the total number of each type of action (ac cessions, quits, etc.) reported for a calendar month by the sample establishments in each industry is first divided by the total number of employees reported by these establishments, who worked during, or received pay for, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of that month. The result is multiplied by 100 to obtain the turnover rate. For example, in an industry sample, the total number of employees who worked during, or received pay for, the week of January 12-18 was reported as 25,498. During the period January 1-31 a total of 284 employees in all reporting firms quit. The quit rate for the industry is: 284 x 100 = 1.1 25,498 To compute turnover rates for broader industrial categories, the rates for the component industries are weighted by the estimated employment. Separate turnover rates for men and women are pub lished quarterly for 1 month in each quarter. Only accessions, quits, and total separations are publish ed. These rates are computed in the same manner as the all-employee rates; for example, the quit rate for women is obtained from an industry sample by dividing the number of women who quit during the month by the number of woman employees reported. Average monthly turnover rates for the year for all employees are computed by dividing the sum of the monthly rates by 12 . Comparability with Earlier Data Labor turnover rates are available on a compara ble basis from January 1930 for manufacturing as a whole and from 1943 for two coal mining and two com munication industries. Rates for many individual in dustries and industry groups for the period prior to January 1950 are not comparable with those for the subsequent period because of a revision which in volved (1) the adoption of the Standard Industrial Classification (1945) code structure for manufactur ing industries, and (2 ) the introduction of weighting 3-E in the computation of industry-group rates. Comparability with Emoloyment Series i'bnth-to-month changes in total employment in man ufacturing industries reflected by labor turnover rates are not comparable with the changes shown in the Bureau!s employment series for the following reasons: (1) Accessions and separations are computed for the entire calendar-month; the em ployment reports, for the most part, refer to a 1 -week pay period ending nearest the 15 th of the month. (2) The turnover sample excludes certain in dustries (see under coverage, p. 2-E). (3 ) Plants on strike are not included in the turnover computations beginning with the month the strike starts through the month the workers return; the influence of such stoppages is reflected, however, in the employment figures. C. HOURS AND EARNINGS Definitions of production workers, nonsupervisory employees, payrolls, and man-hours from which hours and earnings data are derived are included in the glossary, page 7-E . Methods used to compute hours and earnings averages are described in summary of methods for computing national statistics, page 6-E. Gross Average Hourly and Weekly Earnings Average hourly earnings for manufacturing and non manufacturing industries are on a "gross" basis, i.e., they reflect not only changes in basic hourly and in centive wage rates, but also such variable factors as premium pay for overtime and late-shift work, and changes in output of workers paid on an incentive basis. Employment shifts between relatively high-paid and low-paid work and changes in workers' earnings in individual establishments also affect the general earnings averages. Averages for groups and divisions further reflcct changes in average hourly earnings for individual industries. Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates. Earnings refer to the actual, return to the worker for a stated period of time; rates are the amounts stipu lated for a given unit of work or time. However, the average earnings series does not measure the level of total labor costs on the part of the employer, since the following are excluded: irregular bonuses, ret roactive items, payments of various welfare benefits, payroll taxes paid by employers, and earnings for those employees not covered under the productionworker or nonsupervisory-employee definitions. Gross average weekly earnings are affected not only by changes in gross average hourly earnings, but also by changes in the length of the workweek, parttime work, stoppages for varying causes, labor turn over, and absenteeism. Average Weekly Hours The workweek information relates to average hours worked or paid for, and is somewhat different from standard or scheduled hours. Normally, such factors 4-E as absenteeism, labor turnover, part-tirae work, and stoppages cause average weekly hours to be lower than scheduled hours of work for an establishnents. Group averages further reflect changes in the workweek of component industries. Average Overtime Hours The overtime hours represent that portion of the gross average weekly hours which were in excess of reg ular hours and for which premium payments were made. If an employee works on a paid holiday at regular rates, receiving as total compensation his holiday pay plus straight-time pay for hours worked that day, no overtime hours would be reported. Since overtime hours are premium hours by defini tion, the gross weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily move in the same direction from month to month; for example, premiums may be paid for hours in excess of the straight-time workday although less than a full week is worked. Diverse trends on the industrygroup level may also be caused by a marked change in gross hours for a component industry where little or no overtime was worked in both the previous and cur rent months. In addition, such factors as stoppages, absenteeism, and labor turnover may not have the same influence on overtime hours as on gross hours. Gross Average Weekly Earning3 in Current and 19A7-49 Dollars These series indicate changes in the level of weekly earnings before and after adjustment for changes in purchasing power as determined from the BLS Consumer Price Index. Net Spendable Average Weekly Earnings Net spendable average weekly earnings in current dollars are obtained by deducting Federal social se curity and income taxes from gross weekly earnings. The amount of income tax liability depends on the number of dependents supported by the worker, as well as on the level of his gross income. To reflect these variables, net spendable earnings have been computed for two types of income receivers: (l) a worker with no dependents; and (2 ) a worker with three depend ents. The computations of net spendable earnings for both the factory worker with no dependents and the factory worker with three dependents are based upon the gross average weekly earnings for all production workers in manufacturing industries without regard to marital status, family composition, and total family income. Net spendable weekly earnings in 1947-49 dollars represent an approximate measure of changes in "real" net spendable weekly earnings. "Real" earnings are computed by dividing the current Consumer Price Index into the spendable earnings average for the current month. The resulting level of spendable earnings ex pressed in 1947-49 dollars is thus adjusted for changes in purchasing power since that base period. Average Hourly Earnings. Excluding Overtime. of Production Workers in Manufacturing Industries officials, and staff assistants (ICC Group I). Gross average hourly earnings are computed by dividing total compensation by total hours paid for. Average weekly hours are obtained by dividing the total number of hours paid for, reduced to a weekly basis, by the number of employees, as defined above. Gross average weekly earnings are derived by multiplying average weekly hours by Average hourly earnings« Because hours and earnings data for manufacturing and other nonmanufacturing industries are based upon reports to the BLS which generally represent 1 weekly pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month, the data for railroad employees are not strictly comparable with other industry information shown in this publication. These data are based on the application of adjust ment factors to gross average hourly earnings (as de scribed in the Monthly Labor Review. May 1950, pp. 537540 5 reprint available, Serial No. R. 2020). This method eliminates only the earnings due to overtime paid for at one and one-half times the straight-time rates after 40 hours a week. Thus, no adjustment is made for other premium-payment provisions— for example, holiday work, late-shift work, and overtime rates other than time and one-half. Indexes of Aggregate Weekly Man-Hours The indexes of aggregate weekly man-hours are pre pared by dividing the current m o n t h s aggregate by the monthly average for the 1947-49 period. These aggre gates represent the product of average weekly hours and employment. STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS State and area employment, hours, and earnings statistics are collected and prepared by State agencies in cooperation with the BLS. These sta tistics are based on the same establishment reports used by the BLS for preparing national estimates. State employment series are adjusted to benchmark data from State unemployment insurance agencies and the Bureau of Old Age and Survivors Insurance. Because some States have more recent benchmarks than others and use slightly varying methods of computation, the sum of the State figures may differ slightly from the official U. S. totals prepared by the BLS. The aggregate man-hours are defined as total manhours for which pay was received by full- and parttime production or construction workers, including hours paid for holidays, sick leave, and vacations taken. The man-hours are for 1 week of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month, and may not be typical of the entire month. Railroad Hours and Earnings The figures for Class I railroads (excluding switching and terminal companies) are based upon month ly data summarized in the >5-300 report of the Inter state Commerce Commission and relate to all employees who received pay during the month, except executives, NOTE: of the Additional industry detail may be obtainable from the cooperating State agencies listed on the inside back cover of this report. Additional information concerning the preparation employment, hours, earnings, and labor turnover series-- concepts and scope, survey methods, and reliability and limitations-- is contained in technical notes for each of these series, available from BLS free of charge. of this information as well as similar material For all for other BLS statistics, see Techniques of Preparing Major BLS Statis tical Series, BLS Bull. 1168, December 1951;. Copies are on file in many public and university libraries, or may be ord ered from the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C. at 65 cents each. SUMMARY OF METHODS FOR COMPUTING NATIO N AL STATISTICS EMPLOYMENT, HOURS, AND EARNINGS Item individual manufacturing and nonmanuf ac tur ing i ndus trie s Total nonagricultural divisions, major groups, and groups M ONTHLY DATA All employees All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied by ratio of all employees in current month to all employees in previous month for sample establishments which re ported for both months. Sum of all-employee estimates ^or component industries * Production workers All-employee estimate for current month multiplied by ratio of pro duction workers to all employees in sample establishment:; "or cur rent month. cu Average weekly hours Total production or nonsupervisory man-hours divided by number of pro duction or nonsupervisory workers. Average, weighted by employment, of the average weekly hours for com ponent industries. Average hourly earnings Total production or nonsupervis ory worker oayroll divided by total production or non su per vi s ory worker man-hours. Average, weighted by aggregate manhoui“ s , of the average hourly earn ings for component industries. Average weekly earnings Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. ) uction-worker estimates u tries. A N N U AL AVERAGE DATA All employees and pro duction workers Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12. Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12. Average weekly hours Annual total of aggregate manhours (employment multiplied by average weekly hours; divided by annual sum of employment. Average, weighted by employment, of the annual averages of weekly hours for component industries. Average hourly earnings Annual total of aggregate pay rolls (weekly earnings multiplied by employment) divided by annual aggregate man-hours. Average, weighted by aggregate manhours, of the annual averages of hourly earnings for component in dustries. Average weekly earnings Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. G LOSSARY ALL EMPLOYEES - The total number of persons on estab lishment payrolls who worked full- or part-time or received pay for any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. Includes salaried officers of corporations as well as employees on the establishment payroll engaged in new construc tion and major additions or alterations to the plant who are utilized as a separate work force (forceaccount construction workers). Proprietors, selfemployed persons, domestic servants, unpaid family workers, and members of the Armed Forces are ex cluded. CONSTRUCTION WORKERS - Includes working foremen, journeymen, mechanics, apprentices, helpers, labor ers, and similar workers engaged in new work, al terations, demolition, and other actual construc tion work, at the site of construction or working in shop or yard at jobs (such as precutting and pre assembling) ordinarily performed by members of the construction trades; includes all such workers re gardless of skill, engaged in any way in contract construction activities. CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION - Covers only firms engaged in the construction business on a contract basis for others. Force-account construction workers, i.e., hired directly by and on the payroll of Federal, State, and local government, public utilities, and private establishments, are excluded from contract construction and included in the employment for such establishments. DURABLE GOODS - The durable-goods subdivision includes the following major manufacturing industry groups: ordnance and accessories; lumber and wood products; furniture and fixtures; stone, clay, and glass pro ducts; primary metal industries; fabricated metal products; machinery; electrical machinery; trans portation equipment; instruments and related pro ducts; and miscellaneous manufacturing industries as defined. This definition is consistent with that used by other Federal agencies, e.g., Federal Re serve Board. speculative builders, subdividers, and developers; and agents and brokers). GOVERNMENT - Covers Federal, State, and local govern ment establishments performing legislative, execu tive, and judicial functions, including Government corporations, Government force-account construction, and such units as arsenals, navy yards, and hospi tals. Federal government employment excludes em ployees of the Central Intelligence Agency. State and local government employment includes teachers, but excludes, as nominal employees, paid volunteer firemen and elected officials of small local units. LABOR TURNOVER: Separations are terminations of employment during the calendar month and are classified according to cause: quits, discharges, layoffs, and miscellaneous separations (including military), as defined below. Quits are terminations of employment during the calendar month initiated by employees for such reasons as: acceptance of a job in another company, dissatisfaction, return to school, marriage, mater nity, ill health, or voluntary retirement where no company pension is provided. Failure to report aft er being hired and unauthorized absences of more than 7 consecutive calendar days are also clas sified as quits. Prior to 1940, miscellaneous separations were also included in this category. Discharges are terminations of em p lo ym e n t during the calendar month inititated by the employer for such reasons as employees 1 incompetence, violation of rules, dishonesty, insubordination, laziness, habitual absenteeism, or inability to meet physical standards. Layoffs are terminations of employment during the calendar month lasting or expected to last more than 7 consecutive calendar days without pay, initi ated by the employer without prejudice to the work er, for such reasons as lack of orders or materials, release of temporary help, conversion of plant, in troduction of labor-saving machinery or processes, or suspensions of operations without pay during inventory periods. ESTABLISHMENT - "A single physical location where busi ness is conducted or where services or industrial operations are performed; for example, a factory, mill, store, mine, or farm. Where a single physical location comprises two or more units which maintain separate payroll and inventory records and which are engaged in distinct or separate activities for which different industry classifications are provided in the Standard Industrial Classification, each unit shall be treated as a separate establishment* An establishment is not necessarily identical with the business concern or firm which may consist of one or more establishments. It is also to be distin guished from organizational subunits, departments, or divisions within an establishment." (Standard Industrial Classification Manual, U. S. Bureau of the Budget, Vol. I, Part I, p. 1, November 1945.) Persons on leave of absence (paid or unpaid) with the approval of the employer are not counted as separations until such time as it is definitely de termined that such persons will not return to work. At that time, a separation is reported as one of the above types, depending on the circumstances. FINAM3E, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE - Covers private establishments operating in the fields of finance (banks, security dealers, loan agencies, holding com panies, and other finance agencies); insurance (in surance carriers and independent agents and bro kers); and real estate (real estate owners, including Accessions are the total number of permanent and temporary additions to the employment roll during the calendar month, including both new and rehired employees. Persons returning to work after a layoff, military separations, or other absences who have been counted as separations are considered accessions. Miscellaneous separations (including military) are terminations of employment during the calendar month because of permanent disability, death, re tirement on company pension, and entrance into the Armed Forces expected to last more than 30 consecu tive calendar days. Prior to 19140, miscellaneous separations were included with quits. Beginning September 1940, military separations were included here. MAN-HOURS - Covers man-hours worked or paid for of specified groups of workers, during the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. The specified group of workers in manufacturing and mining indus tries, laundries, and cleaning and dyeing plants is production and related workers; in the contract con struction industry, it is construction workers; and in the other industries, it is nonsupervisory em ployees. The man-hour3 include hours paid for holi days, sick leave, and vacations taken; if the em ployee elects to work during a vacation period, the vacation pay and the hours it represents are omitted. MANUFACTURING - Covers private establishments engaged in the mechanical or chemical transformation of in organic or organic substances into new products and usually described as plants, factories, or mills, which characteristically use power-driven machines and materials-handling equipment. Establishments engaged in assembling component parts of manufac tured Products are also considered manufacturing if the new product is neither a structure nor other fixed improvement. Government manufacturing opera tions such as arsenals and navy yards are excluded from manufacturing and are included under Government. MINING - Covers establishments engaged in the extrac tion from the earth of Organic and inorganic miner als which occur in nature as solids, liquids, or gase3; includes various contract services required in mining operations, such as removal of overburden, tunneling and shafting, and the drilling or acidiz ing of oil wells; also includes ore dressing, beneficiating, and concentration. NONDURABLE GOODS - The nondurable-goods subdivision includes the following major manufacturing industry groups : food and kindred products ; tobacco manu factures; textile-mill products; apparel and other finished textile products; paper and allied products; printing, publishing, and allied industries; chemi cals and allied products; products of petroleum and coal; rubber products; and leather and leather pro ducts. This definition is consistent with that used by other Federal agencies, e.g., Federal Re serve Board. NONSUPERVISCRY EMPLOYEES - Includes employees (not above the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical workers, repairmen, salespersons, operators, drivers, attendants, service employees, linemen, laborers, janitors, watchmen, and similar occupational levels, and other employee^ whose services are closely associated with those of the employees listed. OVERTIME HOURS - Covers premium overtime hours of pro duction and related workers during the pay period ending nearest the 15>th of the month. Overtime hours are those for which premiums were paid because the hours WBre in excess of the number of hours of either the straight-time workday or workweek. Weekend and holiday hours are included only if premium wage rates were paid. Hours for which only shift differential, hazard, incentive or other similar types of premiums were paid are excluded. PAYROLL - The weekly payroll for the specified groups of full- and part-time employees who worked during, or received pay for, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15>th of the month. The specified group of employees in the manufacturing and mining industries, laundries, and cleaning and dyeing plants is production and related workers; in the contract construction industry, it is construction workers; and in the other industries, it is nonsupervisory employees and working supervisors. The payroll is reported before deductions for old-age and unemployment insurance, group insurance, with holding tax, bonds, and union dues; also includes pay for sick leave, holidays, and vacations taken. Excludes cash payments for vacations not taken, retroactive pay not earned during period reported, value of payments in kind, and bonuses, unless earned and paid regularly each pay period. PRODUCTION AND RELATED WORKERS - Includes working fore men and all nonsupervisory workers (including lead men and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspection, receiving, storage, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, maintenance, repair, janitorial, watchman services, products development, auxiliary production for plant’ s own use (e.g., power plant), and recordkeeping and other services closely associated with the above production opera tions . REGIONS: North - Includes all States except the 17 listed as South. South - Includes the following 17 States: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia, (In the case of sawmills and planning mills, general, a third region is identified - the West - and in cludes California, Oregon, and Washington.) SERVICE AND MISCELLANEOUS - Covers establishments pri marily engaged in rendering services to individuals and business firms, including automotive repair services. Excludes domestic service workers. Non government schools, hospitals, museums, etc., are included under service and miscellaneous; similar Government establishments are included under Govern ment. TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITES - Covers only pri vate establishments engaged in providing all types of transportation and related services; telephone, telegraph, and other communication services or pro viding electricity, gas, steam, water, or sanitary service. Similar Govermaent establishments are in cluded under Government. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE - Covers establishments en gaged in wholesale trade, i.e., selling merchandise to retailers, and in retail trade, i.e., selling merchandise for personal or household consumption, and rendering service incidental to the sales of goods. Similar Government establishments are in cluded under Government. Use this form to renew or begin your subscription to EM PLOYM ENT and E A R N IN G S _ ( ^C c& & €' ( ^ O renew ) ) m y y e a r 's subscription to ElTl P l o y IT I0 PI*t d f l d begin EcimlnQS ^ Enclosed find $ _____for ____ su bscription s. 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