Economic Research from the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis  

Home » Publications

Publications

A Brief History of Panics and Their Periodical Occurrence in the United States
Translation of Des crises commerciales et de leur rétour périodique en France, en Angleterre et aux États-Unis, which covers financial panic in the United States from 1889-1916.
Originally digitized as part of the Google Books Project.

All Bank Statistics 1896 - 1955
The publication is a useful statistical history of banking developments in the United States and provides a reliable basis for relating banking and monetary forces to changing levels of economic activity. Included are annual balance sheet items, particularly on a standard basis (segregation of loans into real estate, collateral, and other loans), as well as data on hundreds of unincorporated (private) banks. Data is provided for both States and for major bank categories.

Annual Report of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
This report details the operations of the Federal Reserve Board during the course of the year. It provides information about the Federal Open Market Committee meetings, regulatory activities, financial status of the different Reserve Banks, and information on services provided by the Banks, as well as statistical tables detailing the condition and activities of the Federal Reserve system. The Report has been published annualy since 1914.

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency
The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) is a bureau of the United States Department of the Treasury. Annually since the late 1860s, the OCC has reported to Congress and the public the status of the national banks chartered, regulated, and supervised.

Annual Statistical Digest
The Annual Statistical Digest was designed to provide a single source of historical continuations of statistics carried regularly in the Federal Reserve Bulletin. It is of particular interest to those interested in economic and financial data, including interest rates, monetary aggregates, banking deposits and reserves, as well as historical mortgage rates, and production information.

Banking and Monetary Statistics 1914-1941
This publication was designed by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System to be a convenient reference source for banking and monetary statistics that previously appeared in the Board’s annual reports and in the monthly Federal Reserve Bulletin. The statistics included relate primarily to the operations of the Federal Reserve System, but also include data on the condition and operation of all banks. There are also statistics on nonbank financial institutions, currency, money rates, securities markets, Treasury finance, consumer credit, gold, and international financial developments.

Banking and Monetary Statistics 1941-1970
This publication was designed by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System to be a convenient reference source for banking and monetary statistics that previously appeared in the Board’s annual reports and in the monthly Federal Reserve Bulletin. The statistics included relate primarily to the operations of the Federal Reserve System, but also include data on the condition and operation of all banks. There are also statistics on nonbank financial institutions, currency, money rates, securities markets, Treasury finance, consumer credit, gold, and international financial developments.

Booms and Depressions: Some First Principles
Irving Fisher (1867-1947) was an early practitioner of mathematical economics. Departing from his primary interest in theories of interest rates, capital, and investments, this work is an early foray into analysis of business cycles, and the expression of his debt-deflation theory. In it he identifies nine main factors influencing depressions, provides empirical observations of those factors, and makes suggestions for remedial actions. It is an elaboration of the author's address at the meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, held at New Orleans, Jan. 1, 1932.

Budget of the United States Government
The Budget of the United States Government is a collection documents and supporting data that contain the budget message of the President. Included are information about the President's budgetary proposals for a given fiscal year. The report is produced annually. Prior to 1971, the report was prepared by the Bureau of the Budget. From 1972 it has been prepared by the Office of Management and Budget, with some prepared in conjunction with the Executive Office of the President.

Budget of the United States Government - Special Analyses

Business Conditions Digest
Business Conditions Digest (continues Business Cycle Developments) is a monthly publication of economic time series covering such data as construction contracts and orders, new building permits, employment rates, and price indices in convenient and easy-to-interpret graphical format showing peaks, troughs, and recessions. The publication is a product of the U.S. Department of Commerce.

Business Cycle Developments
Business Cycle Developments was a monthly publication of economic time series covering such data as construction contracts and orders, new building permits, employment rates, and price indices in convenient and easy-to-interpret graphical format. Graphs show peaks, troughs, and recessions. Tables are also included showing data used in the graphs. The publication was a product of the U.S. Department of Commerce. (Continued by Business Conditions Digest)

Business Statistics (Biennial Supplement to the Survey of Current Business)
Business Statistics is a basic reference publication designed to provide historical perspective to the statistical data published originally in the Survey of Current Business, the monthly magazine of the Department of Commerce. A wide range of economic data is presented including price and production indices for all sectors of the United States business sector. Major sections of the publication include indexes, prices, employment, finance, trade, and production by sector. Published biennially.

Commercial Banking Practice Under the Federal Reserve Act
This work, published in 1918, contains the law and regulations, the informal rulings of the Federal Reserve Board, and the opinions of counsel governing bank acceptances, rediscounts, advances, and open market transactions of the early Federal Reserve Banks.
Digitization of the document was sponsored by Microsoft as part of the Microsoft Book Search Service.

Compilation of Basic Banking Laws. Revised through May 1, 1995.
This compilation was created for the House Committee on Banking and Financial Services to bring together in one publication the major statues affecting insured depository institutions and their customers.

Concordance of Statistics
The Concordance of Statistics acts as a general guide to the statistics published by the Federal Reserve Board. It lists the number and title for all of the tables found in the Federal Reserve Bulletin, Annual Statistical Digest, and Statistical Digest. Each of the listings also details the frequency of the data updates.

Consumer Price Index
The Consumer Price Index was a monthly report on consumer price movements, including tables and technical notes. It was issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistic's Office of Prices and Living Conditions. (Continued by CPI Detailed Report).

CPI Detailed Report
The CPI Detailed Report (continues Consumer Price Index) is a monthly publication issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The publication reports on consumer price movements, including statistical tables and technical notes. Statistics covers in detail two indexes: consumer price index for all uban consumers (CPI-U) and the consumer price index for wage earners and clerical workers (CPI-W).

Economic Implications of the "Too Big To Fail" Policy
This hearing, held before the Subcommittee on Economic Stabilization of the House of Representatives, reviews the economic implications of a 'too-big-to-fail policy' in light of the bank failures that took place in the 1980s. The hearing was intended to address questions about the standard of treatment of uninsured depositors in bank failures.

Economic Indicators
This publication is prepared by the Council of Economic Advisers to supply monthly updates related to the economic conditions in the United States. Economic Indicators provides statistical data both in tabular and graphic form and includes information on consumer and producer prices, employment, production, and money and banking. Tables typically display 10 years of annual data with the most recent 12 to 15 months broken out in detail.

Economic Report of the President
The Economic Report of the President is an annual report written by the Chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers. It overviews the nation's economic progress using text and extensive data appendices. The Economic Report of the President is transmitted to Congress no later than ten days after the submission of the Budget of the United States Government. Information provided includes current and foreseeable trends and numerical goals concerning topics such as employment, production, real income and Federal budget outlays, employment objectives for significant groups of the labor force, annual numeric goals, and a program for carrying out program objectives. The report has been published since 1947.

Employment and Earnings
Employment and Earnings is a monthly publication that details the employment situation in the United States with information on the total labor force, employment, unemployment, hours, and compensation at national and area (state, MSA) levels. Published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor since 1954.

Federal Banking Laws and Reports
This is a compilation of major Federal banking documents from the period 1780 to 1912. It includes founding documents for the Bank of North America (1781), ordinances for the First and Second Bank of the United States (1791, 1816) as well as reports and proceedings. It was published for the 50th anniversary of the Senate Committee on Banking and Currency in 1963.

Federal Home Loan Bank Board, Home Owners' Loan Corporation, and Federal Savings and Loan Corporation Annual Reports
The Federal Home Loan Banks were established by the Federal Home Loan Bank Act of 1932. The Board administered a number of other entities including the Federal Savings and Loan Corporation created as part of the National Housing Act of 1934 and abolished in 1989; the Home Owners' Loan Corporation created by the Home Owners' Refinancing Act in 1933 and liquidated in 1951, and the Federal Savings and Loan System or Division established by the Board. Annual reports from 1933-1952 are currently posted.

Federal Home Loan Bank Review
Congress passed the Federal Home Loan Bank Act in 1932 during the Great Depression, which established the Federal Home Loan Bank System.

This publication was provided to member institutions from 1934-1947.

Federal Reserve Bulletin
The monthly Federal Reserve Bulletin was introduced in 1914 by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System to present policy issues and provide a journal of record of the activities of the Board. The Bulletin was also constructed to present data in the areas of business, finance, and international transactions that affect U.S. monetary policy and the goals of the Federal Reserve System. Authors from the Federal Reserve Boards' Research and Statistics, Monetary Affairs, International Finance, Banking Supervision and Regulation, Consumer and Community Affairs, Reserve Bank Operations, and Legal divisions contribute to the contents published in each issue. The Bulletin includes topical research articles, legal developments, Report on the Condition of the U.S. Banking Industry, and other general information.

Federal Reserve System: A Blackstone Legal Training Lecture
This document was digitized by the Internet Archive for Microsoft Corporation.

Federal Reserve System -- Its Purpose and Work
Various authors contributed articles to this issue of the Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences, edited by A.D. Welton and C. H. Crennan. Published in 1922, this work documents the early organization and function of the Federal Reserve System.

Financial Statistics of Cities Having a Population of over 30,000

History of the Legal Tender Paper Money Issued During the Great Rebellion, Being a Loan Without Interest and a National Currency
E. G. SPAULDING, Chairman of the Subcommittee of the Ways and Means at the time of the 1862 Legal Tender Act, compiled this history of paper legal tender. At the time of the Act, the United States had no national currency and no means to support the Union effort in the Civil War. The Act was passed to authorize the creation of paper money not backed by gold or silver, legal tender for "payment of all taxes, internal duties, excises, debts, and demands of every kind due to the United States."

The Act laid the foundation for the creation of a permanent currency in the decades after the Civil War.

This publication originally digitized by the Microsoft Corporation.

Individual Statements of Condition of National Banks
Prior to 1923, this table was published in the annual report of the Comptroller. Between 1923 and 1929, the tables were issued as a numbered supplement. From 1930-1941, the supplements were lettered alphabetically from "H" to "S". No supplements were issued for the years 1942-1948, inclusive. Data is presented as of close of business, December 31 of the indicated year. All were published by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency as part of the Annual Report issued the following year.

Lombard Street: A Description of the Money Market
This work, originally published in 1873,was one of the first to practically address the management of financial crises and the role of an expanded "central bank" in England. The author, Walter Bagehot, worked in the shipping and banking industries, co-founded the "National Review", and became editor-in-chief of "The Economist". The posted version was digitized as part of the Google Books Library Project

Money Trust Investigation. Investigation of Financial and Monetary Conditions in the United States Under House Resolutions Nos. 429 and 504
In 1912, a special subcommittee was convened by the Chairman of the House Banking and Currency Committee, Arsene P. Pujo. Its purpose was to investigate the "money trust," a small group of Wall Street bankers that exerted powerful control over the nation's finances. The committee's majority report concluded that a group of financial leaders had abused the public trust to consolidate control over many industries. The Pujo Committee report created a climate of public opinion that lead to the passage of the Federal Reserve Act of 1913 and the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914.

The hearings were conducted between May 16, 1912 and February 26, 1913. The transcript of the hearings was published in three volumes. It is presented in the original 29 parts with the index, a table of interlocking directorates of 18 financial institutions, and the majority/minority report of the committee.

National Income and Product Accounts of the United States, 1929-46
This report, a supplement of Survey of Current Business, presents a basic revision of the estimates of national income and national product and their component series. This publication was prepared on a periodic basis. Data presented in this 1929-46 issue is replaced by revisions presented in The National and Income and Product Accounts of the United States, 1929-1950.

National Income and Product Accounts of the United States, 1929-50
This report, a supplement of Survey of Current Business, presents a basic revision of the estimates of national income and national product and their component series. This publication was prepared on a periodic basis. Data presented in this 1929-50 issue replaces The National and Income and Product Accounts of the United States, 1929-1946.

National Income and Product Accounts of the United States, 1929-53
This report, a supplement of Survey of Current Business, presents a basic revision of the estimates of national income and national product and their component series. This publication was prepared on a periodic basis. Data presented in this 1929-53 issue replaces The National Income and Product Accounts of the United States, 1929-1950.

National Income and Product Accounts of the United States, 1929-65
This report, a supplement of Survey of Current Business, presents a basic revision of the estimates of national income and national product and their component series. This publication was prepared on a periodic basis. Data presented in this 1929-65 issue replaces The National Income and Product Accounts of the United States, 1929-1953.

Producer Prices and Price Indexes
Producer Prices and Price Indexes (continues Wholesale Prices and Price Indexes) is a monthly publication issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor since 1978. Included are average changes over time in the selling prices received by domestic producers for their output. Prices included in the PPI are from the first commercial transaction for many products and some services.

Rand McNally Bankers Directory
Bankers' Directories contain banking information on banks in the towns and counties of the United States at the turn of the century. The names of bank directors, officers, and their capital and deposits are included, as well as lists of lawyers and current banking laws. They include colored maps of the states and some major cities.

Recovery: How Fast and How Far?
This report, produced by the Congressional Budget Office, was written when key economic indicators were signalling that the U.S. was recovering from its longest and worst recession since the 1930s. The report discusses forecasts for increasing production, but continued high unemployment, and likely renewed inflation due to rising prices. The CBO presents alternative public policy actions, including recomendations for the Federal Reserve System, that were estimated to have significant effects on the rate of recovery during the following couple of years.

Relationship of Prices to Economic Stability and Growth
This compendium of papers, submitted by the 47 panelists appearing before the Joint Economic Committee, was published to familiarize members with the issues prior to the hearings.

Risk, Uncertainty, and Profit
A classic 1921 text on general economic theory.

Shadow Open Market Committee Policy Statement and Position Papers
The Shadow Open Market Committee (SOMC), an independent organization with members from academic institutions and private organizations, was founded by Professors Karl Brunner of the University of Rochester and Allan Meltzer of Carnegie-Mellon.  Its first semi-annual meeting was held on September 14, 1973.  The original objective was to evaluate the policy choices and actions of the Federal Reserve's Open Market Committee (FOMC).  Since 1973, the SOMC has met semi-annually to discuss economic policy. 

The reports of the committee from 1998-2006 are available on the Shadow Open Market Committee website hosted by Claremont McKenna College.

Stabilization Hearings
Hearings before the Committee on Banking and Currency, House of Representatives, Sixty ninth Congress, First Session, on H.R. 7895, a bill to amend Section 14 of the Federal Reserve Act to provide for the stabilization of the price level for commodities in general. Included are Parts 1 and 2, as well as an Index.

Statistical Abstract of the United States
The Statistical Abstract of the United States was first published in 1878 under the authority of the U.S. Treasury Department. It is a comprehensive summary of statistics on the social, political, and economic organization of the United States. Sources of data include the Census Bureau, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Bureau of Economic Analysis, and many other Federal agencies and private organizations. The Statistical Abstract has been published annually by the U.S. Census Bureau since 1938.

Statistical Atlas of the United States: 1914
This statistical atlas includes 503 illustrations divided into 10 general topics, which use maps, charts, and graphs to interpret the statistical data of the 13th Census of the United States conducted in 1910. It includes a table of contents, a section of explanatory text for each topic, and an index to the illustrations. It was prepared under the supervision of Charles S. Sloane, Geographer of the Census, with the assistance of Evelyn L. Yeomans and Katharine T. West.

Statistical Atlas of the United States Based on the Results of the Ninth Census 1870
In honor of our data mapping site, GEOFRED (http://geofred.stlouisfed.org), we have posted a very old data mapping product. Featuring thematic maps, the Statistical Atlas was a landmark publication of the federal government. It displays census information about the United States using choropleth mapping (thematic mapping), a technique common with modern GIS systems. The maps highlight the condition of the country immediately following the Civil War. For more information about this important document, see Donald Dahmann's commentary at the Library of Congress' American Memory website. http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/gmdhtml/census2.html#frst

Statistical Supplement to the Federal Reserve Bulletin
The Statistical Supplement to the Federal Reserve Bulletin is a continuation of the Financial and Business Statistics section that appeared in each month's issue of the Federal Reserve Bulletin. The Supplement was published starting in January 2004 through December 2008. Following the publication of the December 2008 issue, printed copies of the Supplement were discontinued. The majority of data published in the Statistical Supplement are continued on the Federal Reserve Board's website at www.federalreserve.gov.

Statistics of Income
An annual statistical report of economic data compiled from the income returns for individuals and business entities, produced by the Internal Revenue Service of the U.S. Department of Treasury.

Statistics on Banking, 1934-1996
A statistical history of the United States Banking Industry published by the Division of Research and Statistics of the FDIC

Stock Exchange Practices. Hearings before the Committee on Banking and Currency Pursuant to S.Res. 84 and S.Res. 56 and S.Res. 97.
This series of hearings, also known as the Pecora Commission hearings, was conducted by a subcommittee of the United States Senate Banking and Currency Committee between 1932 and 1934. The hearings investigated stock exchange practices and their effect on American commerce, the national banking system, and the government securities market. They also addressed issues of tax evasion and avoidance. The record of the hearings includes more than 12,000 printed pages with more than 1,000 exhibits received in evidence. Originally authorized by Senate Resolution 84 on March 2, 1932, the scope of the investigation was broadened with by Senate Resolution 56 on April 4, 1933 and Senate Resolution 97 on June 8, 1933. Prior to the appointment of Ferdinand Pecora on January 24, 1933, Claude Branch, William A. Gray and John Marrinan served as legal counsel for the early hearings. The transcripts were published in two series. The initial six parts covered the the work authorized by Resolution 84. The second 20 parts and final report document the expanded scope of the investigation after the passage of Resolutions 56 and 97.

The work of this committee set the stage for the Banking Act of 1933, the Securities Act of 1933, and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Studies on Causes and Consequences of the 1989-92 Credit Slowdown
This publication examines a broad range of issues concerning credit market issues between 1989 and 1992.

Supplement to Banking & Monetary Statistics
The Supplements to Banking and Monetary Statistics were published to add to the data not contained in the original volumes (1914-1941 and 1941-1970). The Governors of the Federal Reserve System designed the publication to be a convenient reference source for the statistics that had appeared in the Board's annual reports and in the monthly Federal Reserve Bulleting. Only the sections available below were published.

Survey of Current Business
A U.S. Department of Commerce monthly publication that provides data on U.S. business on the regional, national, and international levels. Among statistical series covered are personal income, inventories and sales, national income and product accounts, foreign direct investment in the United States, U.S. direct investment abroad, international transactions, and gross state product.

The Causes of the Present Depression and Possible Remedies
Winthrop W. Aldrich, chairman of the board and president of Chase National Bank from 1930 to 1953, was invited to speak on the Depression before the Finance Committee of the United States Senate in 1933. His statement follows.

The Currency Problem and the Present Financial Situation
A series of addresses studying the Crisis of 1907, delivered at Columbia University over the years 1907-1908.
Digitized by Microsoft Corporation.
Includes:

The crisis of 1907 in the light of history / Edwin R.A. Seligman
The modern bank / Frank A. Vanderlip
The stock exchange and the money market / Thomas F. Woodlock
Government currency vs. bank currency / A. Barton Hepburn
Gold movements and foreign exchanges / Albert Strauss
The New York clearing house / William A. Nash
Clearing houses and the currency / James G. Cannon
American and European banking methods and bank legislation compared / Paul M. Warburg
The modern corporation / George W. Perkins

The Federal Reserve System and the Banks
1916 address by Paul M. Warburg, before the New York Bankers' Association Convention, Atlantic City, New Jersey.

Digitized by Microsoft Corporation.

The Texas Banking Crisis, Causes and Consequences
Analysis by John O'Keefe, Financial Economist for the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, to explain the high failure rates of Texas banks in the 1980s.(July 1990)

The United States Budget in Brief

Unemployment in the United States
Hearings before the Committee on Education and Labor. 70th Congress, Second Session. Pursuant to S. Res. 219, a resolution providing for an analysis and appraisal of reports on unemployment and systems for prevention and relief thereof together with Senate Report No. 2072. December 11-14, 17-19, 1928 and January 9, 14 and February 7-9, 1929.

U.S. Monetary Policy and Financial Markets
Ann-Marie Meulendyke, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, writes on the monetary policy process and financial markets of the 1980s.